Relevant bibliographies by topics / High resolution spectroscopy – Instruments – Design and construction

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Academic literature on the topic 'High resolution spectroscopy – Instruments – Design and construction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "High resolution spectroscopy – Instruments – Design and construction"

1

Bleeker, A. J., and P. Kruit. "Design of a UHV STEM for Through-The-Lens Electron Spectroscopy." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 380–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100135502.

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Combining of the high spatial resolution of a Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope and the wealth of information from the secondary electrons and Auger spectra opens up new possibilities for materials research. In a prototype instrument at the Delft University of Technology we have shown that it is possible from the optical point of view to combine STEM and Auger spectroscopy [1]. With an Electron Energy Loss Spectrometer attached to the microscope it also became possible to perform coincidence measurements between the secondary electron signal and the EELS signal. We measured Auger spectra of carbon aluminium and Argon gas showing energy resolutions better than 1eV [2]. The coincidence measurements on carbon with a time resolution of 5 ns yielded basic insight in secondary electron emission processes [3]. However, for serious Auger spectroscopy, the specimen needs to be in Ultra High Vacuum. ( 10−10 Torr ). At this moment a new setup is in its last phase of construction.
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2

Schnopper, Herbert W. "Sodart Telescope on Spectrum-Röntgen-Gamma and its Instrumentation." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 123 (1990): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s025292110007696x.

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AbstractSPECTRUM-RÖNTGEN-GAMMA (SRG) is one of a new series of large astronomical missions being planned by the Soviet Union and is scheduled for launch in mid-1993. The Space Research Institute (IKI) of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the Babakin Center (BC) are responsible for the scientific supervision and spacecraft construction, respectively. Mission objectives include broad and narrow band imaging spectroscopy over a wide range of energies from EUV through gamma rays with particular emphasis on extragalactic objects. The design of the Soviet Danish Röntgen Telescope (SODART) consists of two thin foil, conical shell approximations to Wolter 1 geometry. The reflectors are rolled aluminum foils which have been dipped in acrylic lacquer and coated with gold resulting in a super smooth surface. Each telescope has an aperture of 60 cm, a focal length of 8 m, a field of view of 1 deg and is designed to have a halfpower width of ≤2 arcmin. The conical geometry contributes 15 arcsec and manufacturing tolerances in the support structure and the quality of the figure of the foil the rest. The contribution from X-ray scattering is insignificant. Focal plane slides can position one of four instruments at the focus of each telescope. Images and spectra will be recorded with position sensitive proportional counters with spectral resolution as good as 13% at 6 keV. Spectral resolution of 2.5% at 6 keV is provided by an array of 19 cooled silicon detectors. A broad band polarimeter will be sensitive to residual polarization as low as 1%. An objective Bragg crystal panel, placed in front of one of the telescopes, will be capable of high resolution spectroscopic studies ((E/ΔE)) ~1000) of point- and extended sources.
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3

Davis, John. "Commission 9: Instruments and Techniques (Instruments et Techniques)." Transactions of the International Astronomical Union 21, no. 1 (1991): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0251107x00009780.

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The period covered by this report has seen significant progress in the development of the new generation of telescopes with apertures in the 8 m plus range. The period has encompassed the major construction phase of the 10 m Keck Telescope, witnessed the commissioning of the European Southern Observatory’s (ESO) New Technology Telescope and the approval of funding for the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT). Significant progress has been achieved in developing the necessary technology for manufacturing and figuring large mirrors. There have been major expansions of activity in the areas of active control of telescope optics and adaptive optics, and in high angular resolution interferometry with several new groups entering both fields. The use of optical fibers, particularly in the area of multiple-object spectroscopy, has continued to grow. Several telescopes can now be operated remotely and the control systems of new telescopes are being designed to facilitate remote operation.
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4

Rimmele, Thomas, Thomas Berger, Roberto Casini, David Elmore, Jeff Kuhn, Haosheng Lin, Wolfgang Schmidt, and Friedrich Wöger. "Prominence Science with ATST Instrumentation." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 8, S300 (June 2013): 362–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921313011204.

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AbstractThe 4m Advance Technology Solar Telescope (ATST) is under construction on Maui, HI. With its unprecedented resolution and photon collecting power ATST will be an ideal tool for studying prominences and filaments and their role in producing Coronal Mass Ejections that drive Space Weather. The ATST facility will provide a set of first light instruments that enable imaging and spectroscopy of the dynamic filament and prominence structure at 8 times the resolution of Hinode. Polarimeters allow high precision chromospheric and coronal magnetometry at visible and infrared (IR) wavelengths. This paper summarizes the capabilities of the ATST first-light instrumentation with focus on prominence and filament science.
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5

Drucker, J. S., M. Krishnamurthy, G. G. Hembree, Luo Chuan Hong, and J. A. Venables. "High-spatial-resolution secondary and Auger imaging in a STEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 208–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100153014.

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Secondary electrons form the main signal in a standard SEM, and machines incorporating Auger electron spectroscopy and imaging have become widely commercialized. However, these approaches to low energy (0-2000eV) electron spectroscopy and imaging do not work at the highest spatial resolution, since there are geometrical and electromagnetic conflicts as the focal length of the probe forming lens is reduced. As discussed elsewhere in more detail, the solution is to make the magnetic probe forming lens of the SEM/STEM also function as the first stage of the electron collection and analysis system.A new lOOkV field emission STEM has been constructed for the NSF HREM facility, which incorporates provision for using these low energy electrons from both sides of a thin sample. The outline design has been described previously. The microscope, codenamed MIDAS, is of UHV construction throughout with ∽10−10 mbar at the sample position, and extensive surface preparation facilities. The region of the column concerned with secondary and Auger electrons is shown diagrammatically, but to scale, in fig. 1. This region consists of the objective lens, O, bounded by analyser chambers AC1 and AC2, onto which the electron detectors are mounted.
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6

France, Kevin, Keri Hoadley, Brian T. Fleming, Robert Kane, Nicholas Nell, Matthew Beasley, and James C. Green. "The SLICE, CHESS, and SISTINE Ultraviolet Spectrographs: Rocket-Borne Instrumentation Supporting Future Astrophysics Missions." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 05, no. 01 (March 2016): 1640001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171716400018.

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NASA’s suborbital program provides an opportunity to conduct unique science experiments above Earth’s atmosphere and is a pipeline for the technology and personnel essential to future space astrophysics, heliophysics, and atmospheric science missions. In this paper, we describe three astronomy payloads developed (or in development) by the Ultraviolet Rocket Group at the University of Colorado. These far-ultraviolet (UV) (100–160[Formula: see text]nm) spectrographic instruments are used to study a range of scientific topics, from gas in the interstellar medium (accessing diagnostics of material spanning five orders of magnitude in temperature in a single observation) to the energetic radiation environment of nearby exoplanetary systems. The three instruments, Suborbital Local Interstellar Cloud Experiment (SLICE), Colorado High-resolution Echelle Stellar Spectrograph (CHESS), and Suborbital Imaging Spectrograph for Transition region Irradiance from Nearby Exoplanet host stars (SISTINE) form a progression of instrument designs and component-level technology maturation. SLICE is a pathfinder instrument for the development of new data handling, storage, and telemetry techniques. CHESS and SISTINE are testbeds for technology and instrument design enabling high-resolution ([Formula: see text]) point source spectroscopy and high throughput imaging spectroscopy, respectively, in support of future Explorer, Probe, and Flagship-class missions. The CHESS and SISTINE payloads support the development and flight testing of large-format photon-counting detectors and advanced optical coatings: NASA’s top two technology priorities for enabling a future flagship observatory (e.g. the LUVOIR Surveyor concept) that offers factors of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]50–100 gain in UV spectroscopy capability over the Hubble Space Telescope. We present the design, component level laboratory characterization, and flight results for these instruments.
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León, Iker, Zheng Yang, Hong-Tao Liu, and Lai-Sheng Wang. "The design and construction of a high-resolution velocity-map imaging apparatus for photoelectron spectroscopy studies of size-selected clusters." Review of Scientific Instruments 85, no. 8 (August 2014): 083106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4891701.

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8

Wicks, Laura C., Gemma S. Cairns, Jacob Melnyk, Scott Bryce, Rory R. Duncan, and Paul A. Dalgarno. "EnLightenment: High resolution smartphone microscopy as an educational and public engagement platform." Wellcome Open Research 2 (November 6, 2017): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12841.1.

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We developed a simple, cost-effective smartphone microscopy platform for use in educational and public engagement programs. We demonstrated its effectiveness, and potential for citizen science through a national imaging initiative, EnLightenment. The cost effectiveness of the instrument allowed for the program to deliver over 500 microscopes to more than 100 secondary schools throughout Scotland, targeting 1000’s of 12-14 year olds. Through careful, quantified, selection of a high power, low-cost objective lens, our smartphone microscope has an imaging resolution of microns, with a working distance of 3 mm. It is therefore capable of imaging single cells and sub-cellular features, and retains usability for young children. The microscopes were designed in kit form and provided an interdisciplinary educational tool. By providing full lesson plans and support material, we developed a framework to explore optical design, microscope performance, engineering challenges on construction and real-world applications in life sciences, biological imaging, marine biology, art, and technology. A national online imaging competition framed EnLightenment; with over 500 high quality images submitted of diverse content, spanning multiple disciplines. With examples of cellular and sub-cellular features clearly identifiable in some submissions, we show how young public can use these instruments for research-level imaging applications, and the potential of the instrument for citizen science programs.
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Wicks, Laura C., Gemma S. Cairns, Jacob Melnyk, Scott Bryce, Rory R. Duncan, and Paul A. Dalgarno. "EnLightenment: High resolution smartphone microscopy as an educational and public engagement platform." Wellcome Open Research 2 (May 3, 2018): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.12841.2.

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We developed a simple, cost-effective smartphone microscopy platform for use in educational and public engagement programs. We demonstrated its effectiveness, and potential for citizen science through a national imaging initiative, EnLightenment. The cost effectiveness of the instrument allowed for the program to deliver over 500 microscopes to more than 100 secondary schools throughout Scotland, targeting 1000’s of 12-14 year olds. Through careful, quantified, selection of a high power, low-cost objective lens, our smartphone microscope has an imaging resolution of microns, with a working distance of 3 mm. It is therefore capable of imaging single cells and sub-cellular features, and retains usability for young children. The microscopes were designed in kit form and provided an interdisciplinary educational tool. By providing full lesson plans and support material, we developed a framework to explore optical design, microscope performance, engineering challenges on construction and real-world applications in life sciences, biological imaging, marine biology, art, and technology. A national online imaging competition framed EnLightenment; with over 500 high quality images submitted of diverse content, spanning multiple disciplines. With examples of cellular and sub-cellular features clearly identifiable in some submissions, we show how young public can use these instruments for research-level imaging applications, and the potential of the instrument for citizen science programs.
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10

Stover, R. J., W. E. Brown, D. K. Gilmore, and M. Wei. "Design and Fabrication of Large CCDs for the Keck Observatory DEIMOS Spectrograph." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 167 (1995): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900056229.

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The Keck II Deep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph (DEIMOS) is a general purpose, faint object, multi-slit, double-beam spectrograph which offers wide spectral coverage, high spectral resolution, high throughput, and long slit length on the sky. This powerful instrument will be the principal optical spectrograph on the Keck II telescope. DEIMOS is optimized for faint-object spectroscopy of individual point sources, low-surface-brightness extended objects, or widely distributed samples of faint objects on the sky. To obtain high resolution (∼ 1 å) and wide spectral coverage (up to 5000 å) the spectrograph uses wide angle cameras and large CCD detectors with many pixels.This paper describes some of the work being carried out to obtain the CCD detectors required for the DEIMOS spectrograph. In addition, results are presented on the fabrication and characterization of a 4k × 2k three-side buttable CCD produced by Orbit Semiconductor, a silicon foundry in San Jose, California. This CCD was fabricated to test the ability of Orbit to produce high quality scientific CCDs with the characteristics required for detectors to be used in DEIMOS and other optical instruments of the Keck Observatory.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "High resolution spectroscopy – Instruments – Design and construction"

1

Heydenrych, Hilton Roy. "Design, construction and commissioning of an apparatus to perform frequency response diffusivity measurements and high time-resolution ftir spectroscopy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5532.

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Bibliography: leaves 142-150.
The active catalytic sites of zeolites are usually situated within the micropores of the crystals. Since the size of zeolite micropores is of a similar order of magnitude to that of many molecules, the intracrystalline diffusion of reactants and products is often the step that determines both the reaction rate and selectivity. Thus, knowledge of the diffusion rates, and of the diffusional behaviour of molecules within zeolites, is of primary importance in the understanding of these phenomena. While several methods are used to measure diffusivities, most of these have limitations associated with the minimum crystal size that can be used and/or the range of diffusivities that can be measured. Other problems frequently experienced are experimental complexity and the definition of experimental conditions within a range in which the theoretical models are applicable. A powerful method for measuring diffusivities under well-defined conditions is the frequency response method, in which the pressure response to a small volume modulation in a closed system is recorded over a range of frequencies. Models have been developed to determine the diffusivity from such experiments for a variety of circumstances, including non-isothermal conditions and multiple diffusion processes. Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy can be used to monitor the uptake of sorbate molecules (and hence estimate their diffusivity) in zeolites. In addition, the behaviour of these molecules at the surface, and of the functional groups of the zeolite, can be observed. These observations reveal information about the sorption and diffusional behaviour of the molecules. For a completely reproducible process (e.g. a constant frequency volume modulation), special high time-resolution methods (i.e. rapid- and step-scan) can be used. With these techniques, very rapid molecular processes can be probed.The objective of this study was to design, construct and commission an apparatus capable of measuring diffusivities using the frequency response method, and to integrate it with an FTIR spectrometer to allow the use of standard and high time-resolution spectroscopy.
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2

Shinpaugh, Jefferson L. "Design of a high-efficiency, high-resolution x-ray spectrometer for 1s Lamb shift measurements." 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/27538.

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Books on the topic "High resolution spectroscopy – Instruments – Design and construction"

1

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. High mass resolution, high angular acceptance time-of-flight mass spectrascopy for planetary missions. San Antonio, TX: Southwest Research Institute, 1991.

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2

Wolter 1 type X-ray mirror system with mean resolution and maximum effective collecting area for the spectral region of 1-10 nm. Ondr̄ejov, Czechoslovakia: Astronomical Institute of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, 1985.

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