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Zhang, Tongtong. "Simulation Study on Fire Visibility of Typical Floor Planes of Modern Super High-Rise Office Buildings in China." Complexity 2020 (December 27, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8868522.
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With the development of office forms, the space form of super high-rise office buildings changed from the unitary efficient office space to a complex space that integrated office, communication, and experience, which also diversified the design of typical floors in the office zone. However, from the perspective of fire prevention, the placement of shared space changed the form of the plane in typical floors in the office zone, affecting the smoke spreading of fire and paths of personnel evacuation. Hence, the subject on the planar relationship among high-rise office buildings based on fire prevention analysis, which optimizes space design, is worthy of discussion. After collecting many cases of super high-rise office buildings in China, this study categorized them into six typical planes and adopted the software PyroSim for comparative simulation of the smoke spreading of fire. By comparing the visibility of different zones in fires, this study analyzed the effects of the area of the office zone, the location of the atrium, and the form of the plane on the fire visibility on the typical floor and put forth the key factors that influence fire visibility, thus optimizing the plane design of the typical floor of super high-rise buildings. The findings show that in the six fire scenes, the area of the office zone is between 1136m2 and 1736m2. The peak of duration for visibility decline at 1.5 m appeared in Scene 3. Its office zone is 1536m2, and the duration of visibility decline is greater than 1000 s. In other fire scenes, the duration of visibility decline is less than 300 s. By comparing the plane arrangement features of the fire scenes, the paper concludes that in a given fire scene, establishing an atrium in the office zone, expanding the length of the adjacent edge between the atrium and the office zone, and building an evacuation corridor between the atrium and the core tube can greatly extend the effective evacuation time. This can serve as reference for the plane design of super high-rise office buildings.
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Volkov, Andrey, Vitaliy Chulkov, Ryben Kazaryan, Muhammed Fachratov, and Emomali Rahmonov. "Innovative Norm-Making in High-Rise Construction (Part 1)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 2387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.2387.
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One of the topical trends of the innovative development of construction-investment area is the significant increase in the height of residential and office buildings, providing comprehensive safety of their construction, and of human activity and work in them.
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Volkov, Andrey, Vitaliy Chulkov, Ryben Kazaryan, Muhammed Fachratov, and Emomali Rahmonov. "Innovative Norm-Making in High-Rise Construction (Part 2)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 2391–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.2391.
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One of the topical trends of the innovative development of construction-investment area is the significant increase in the height of residential and office buildings, providing comprehensive safety of their construction, and of human activity and work in them.
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Gad, Gunter, and Deryck W. Holdsworth. "CORPORATE CAPITALISM AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE HIGH-RISE OFFICE BUILDING." Urban Geography 8, no. 3 (May 1987): 212–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.8.3.212.
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Koster, Hans R. A., Jos van Ommeren, and Piet Rietveld. "Is the sky the limit? High-rise buildings and office rents." Journal of Economic Geography 14, no. 1 (May 8, 2013): 125–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbt008.
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Raji, Babak, Martin J. Tenpierik, and Andy van den Dobbelsteen. "A COMPARATIVE STUDY: DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR ENERGY-EFFICIENCY OF HIGH-RISE OFFICE BUILDINGS." Journal of Green Building 11, no. 1 (March 2016): 134–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.11.1.134.1.
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Tall buildings are being designed and built across a wide range of cities. A poorly designed tall building can tremendously increase the building's appetite for energy. Therefore, this paper aims to determine the design strategies that help a high-rise office building to be more energy efficient. For this purpose, a comparative study on twelve case buildings in three climate groups (temperate, sub-tropical & tropical) was performed. The exterior envelope, building form and orientation, service core placement, plan layout, and special design elements like atria and sky gardens were the subject of investigation. effectiveness of different design strategies for reducing the cooling, heating, ventilation and electric lighting energy usage. Finally, lessons from these buildings' were defined for the three climates. Furthermore, a comparison of building energy performance data with international benchmarks confirmed that in temperate and sub-tropical climates sustainable design strategies for high-rise buildings were performing well, as a result leading to lower energy consumption. However, for the tropics the design of high-rise buildings needs additional consideration.
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Aram and Alibaba. "Analyzing Atrium Volume Designs for Hot and Humid Climates." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 6, 2019): 6213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226213.
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The objective of this research was to determine the proper thermal comfort in an atrium design for single-floor, medium-rise, and high-rise buildings based on different proportions, placements, window opening ratios, and internal condition systems. EDSL Tas software was used for the dynamic thermal simulation software models, and all were analyzed based on ASHRAE 55, ISO 7730, and EN 15251 standards to determine which dynamic thermal simulation models had thermal comfort in a hot and humid climate throughout the year. This research found that for naturally conditioned single-floor and medium-rise buildings, when the atrium proportion was 1/2 of the office proportion at the southeast and center atrium location, respectively, had maximum user satisfaction. When the building’s internal spaces were mechanically conditioned with a 1/3 and 1/4 atrium proportion of the office proportion in single-floor and medium-rise buildings, respectively, thermal comfort was acceptable, especially when the atrium was located in the center for single-floor and in the northeast for medium-rise buildings. However, the naturally conditioned high-rise building with a north-east atrium that was 1/4 of the office proportion and a mechanically conditioned high-rise with a center atrium 1/3 of the office proportion had the minimum dissatisfaction throughout the year.
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Daryanto, Eko Budihardjo, Wahyu Setyabudi, and Gagoek Hardiman. "The Role of Wind on Double Skin Facades in High Rise Office Building." Advanced Materials Research 787 (September 2013): 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.787.711.
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There was an indication that high rise buildings in Jakarta was not designed based on energy conservation principles. The most important aspects of the high-rise buildings is energy saving technology located in the building envelope design. Building envelope with a full glass design functions for widening view and enhancing natural lights, even though but it is also increasing energy consumption and thermal discomfort due to the intensity of solar radiation in hot humid climates. During the current decade, the development of double building envelope type (Double Skin Façade: DSF) seemed more just to improve the aesthetics and the use of natural light, while the wind and thermal performance aspects were still lack of serious consideration. Those aspects will be chosen as the subject matter in this research. The research was aimed to investigate and compare the value of heat transfer in the building envelope of high-rise office buildings. Samples were taken from five DSF buildings, with closed and open cavity. CFD software is used for simulation of the five different models of DSF. The research proves that the high-rise office buildings as the research object in Jakarta do not apply energy conservation principle. The utilization of wind in the DSF cavity can reduce temperature and relieve the burden of air conditioning systems that is energy save. An important finding of the research is the need for ventilation in the design of a double skin at high-rise office buildings in the humid tropics.
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Ismail, Amirul Amin, and Azman Zainonabidin. "OVERALL TRANSFER THERMAL VALUE (OTTV) INDEX ASSESSMENT ON 4G11 TOWER, MINISTRY OF WOMEN FAMILY AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, PUTRAJAYA, MALAYSIA." Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Environment 1, no. 1 (April 9, 2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/myse.v1i1.5564.
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In the Eleventh Malaysia Plan, Malaysia will be pioneering a sustainable city development by retrofitting all Government buildings to be energy efficient. Overall Thermal Transfer Value (OTTV) is a measuring tool of thermal efficiency for building envelope. A case study on iconic 4G11 Tower is carried out to determine the possibility of improving OTTV assessment for existing high-rise office building thus enhance the building’s overall efficiency. Through this exercise, several variables influence the OTTV score such as U-Value, Shading Coefficient (SC) and Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR). Characterised by Baseline Design, MS1525 Design and Platinum Design, this will be a precedent of OTTV assessment for high-rise office building typology.
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Han, Hoon, Haonan Chen, and Jinwoo (Brian) Lee. "Spatiotemporal Changes in Vertical Heterogeneity: High-Rise Office Building Floor Space in Sydney, Australia." Buildings 11, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080374.
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Mixed-use development is increasingly popular in land use planning and zoning, fostering a combination of residential, commercial, and cultural uses into one space. However, there is a lack of understanding of the vertical mix office space within a high-rise commercial building and the dynamics of the industry mix between buildings. This paper examines the spatiotemporal patterns of industry mix between and within office buildings in Sydney CBD from 2006 to 2017, using the data obtained from the City of Sydney floor space and employment surveys. This is the first study that identifies the dynamics of an industrial ecosystem in central Sydney, which has transformed to homophily land blocks, with increasing vertically heterogeneous office buildings, over the past decade. In addition, the study found that the significant clustering of anchor tenants, such as finances, hospitalities, and knowledge-based industries, are apparent.
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Zhu, Jie Jiang, Lei Zhang, and Yi Yun Peng. "Predictive Method for Economic Indicators of High-Rise Frame-Tube Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.619.
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With the rapid development of high-rise frame-tube office buidings in domestic large and medium-sized cities, it brings the problem about the study of quantities. Traditional structural design can meet the requirements of all kinds of standards, but it wastes materials, which is now taken seriously. Structural optimization design can save materials. This paper carries structural optimization design on eight high-rise frame-tube structures, and proposes a predictive method for concrete and steel-bar dosage of high-rise frame-tube structures after analysis. The predictive method makes it possible to predict the dosage before the structural design without the tedious budget process. The predictive value is economical and reasonable, and it can provide reference for structural design and construction in the future.
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Okolelova, Ella, Marina Shibaeva, and Natalya Trukhina. "Model of investment appraisal of high-rise construction with account of cost of land resources." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183303014.
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The article considers problems and potential of high-rise construction as a global urbanization. The results of theoretical and practical studies on the appraisal of investments in high-rise construction are provided. High-rise construction has a number of apparent upsides in modern terms of development of megapolises and primarily it is economically efficient. Amid serious lack of construction sites, skyscrapers successfully deal with the need of manufacturing, office and living premises. Nevertheless, there are plenty issues, which are related with high-rise construction, and only thorough scrutiny of them allow to estimate the real economic efficiency of this branch. The article focuses on the question of economic efficiency of high-rise construction. The suggested model allows adjusting the parameters of a facility under construction, setting the tone for market value as well as the coefficient for appreciation of the construction net cost, that depends on the number of storey’s, in the form of function or discrete values.
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Lim, Hyunwoo, Jungmin Seo, Doosam Song, Sungmin Yoon, and Joowook Kim. "Interaction analysis of countermeasures for the stack effect in a high-rise office building." Building and Environment 168 (January 2020): 106530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106530.
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Heng, C. Y. S., Yaik-Wah Lim, and Dilshan Remaz Ossen. "Horizontal light pipe transporter for deep plan high-rise office daylighting in tropical climate." Building and Environment 171 (March 2020): 106645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.106645.
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Ma, Ke Jian, Deng Peng, and Shi Jie Qin. "Super High-Rise Building (H =266m) of New Concrete Core Tube and Assembly Integral Spatial Steel Grid Cassette Tube in Tube Hybrid Structure Research and Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 1179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.1179.
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With the development of economy and society, urban construction rose to a new level in China. High-rise and super high-rise building increase rapidly. In the high-rise and super high-rise buildings (H≥150 m), the structural system usually adopts the conventional reinforced concrete, including frame tube structure, tube in tube structure, steel frame with reinforced concrete core tube hybrid structure and tube in tube steel - concrete mixed structure. These traditional structural systems often lead to the problems of fat beam fat column and high expenditure, which is not economic and unfriendly to the environment. This paper not only presents a new type of concrete core wall and prefabricated space steel grid cassette tube in tube structure system, but also discusses the superiority of the new type structure through the innovation and practice of a super high (266 m) five-star hotel and office building integrated engineering construction.
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Lee, Pan, Edwin H. W. Chan, Queena K. Qian, and Patrick T. I. Lam. "Development of a user-friendly regression model to evaluate carbon emissions of office buildings design in the subtropics." Facilities 37, no. 11/12 (August 5, 2019): 860–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-05-2017-0051.
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Purpose Design teams have difficulties in assessing building carbon emissions at an early stage, as most building energy simulation tools require a detailed input of building design for estimation. The purpose of this paper is to develop a user-friendly regression model to estimate carbon emissions of the preliminary design of office buildings in the subtropics by way of example. Five sets of building design parameters, including building configuration, building envelope, design space conditions, building system configuration and occupant behaviour, are considered in this study. Design/methodology/approach Both EnergyPlus and Monte Carlo simulation were used to predict carbon emissions for different combinations of the design parameters. A total of 100,000 simulations were conducted to ensure a full range of simulation results. Based on the simulation results, a regression model was developed to estimate carbon emissions of office buildings based on preliminary design information. Findings The results show that occupant density, annual mean occupancy rate, equipment load, lighting load and chiller coefficient of performance are the top five influential parameters affecting building carbon emissions under the subtropics. Besides, the design parameters of ten office buildings were input into this user-friendly regression model for validation. The results show that the ranking of its simulated carbon emissions for these ten buildings is consistent with the original carbon emissions ranking. Practical implications With the use of this developed regression model, design teams can not only have a simple and quick estimation of carbon emissions based on the building design information at the conceptual stage but also explore design options by understanding the level of reduction in carbon emissions if a certain building design parameter is changed. The study also provides recommendations on building design to reduce carbon emissions of office buildings. Originality/value Limited research has been conducted to date to investigate how the change of building design affects carbon emissions in the subtropics where four distinct seasons lead to significant variations of outdoor temperature and relative humidity. Previous research also did not emphasise on the impact of high-rise office building designs (e.g. small building footprint, high window-to-wall ratio) on carbon emissions. This paper adds value by identifying the influential parameters affecting carbon emissions for a high-rise office building design and allows a handy estimate of building carbon emissions under the subtropical conditions. The same approach may be used for other meteorological conditions.
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Siregar, Marsul, Firma Purbantoro, and Tajuddin Nur. "Implementation of Energy Management Concept and Energy Management System in High Rise Office Building." Jurnal TIARSIE 16, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32816/tiarsie.v16i3.55.
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Energy Management Concept as part of Green Building Concept is focused to Improve Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) and Water Consumption Index (WCI). The Implementation Energy Management Concept in an office buildings of this study based on the management system model of continual improvement ISO 50001:2011. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which the implementation of green building principles in Office Buildings. This study took the case study in an office building in Jakarta Indonesia that has two towers, each tower has 32 floors and 3 basement floors. The method used is descriptive with respect to GREENSHIP Rating Tools for existing building which consists of six categories; Appropriate Site Development (ASD), Energy Efficiency & Conservation (EEC), Water Conservation (WAC), Material Resources & Cycle (MRC), Indoor Air Health & Comfort (IHC) and Building & Environments Management (BEM). The results show that implementation the Energy Management Concept could also made energy performance more efficient, after Implementing through Retrofitting of the Chiller System, Recycle Waste Water, Replacement of Conventional lamp to Energy Saving LED and also Training and Education to all employees and tenants. From comparing data research before implementation of Energy Management Concept in 2014 and after Implementation and retrofitting in 2016, 2017 & 2018, it is found that Energy Efficiency Index (EEI) from 238.8 kwh/m2/Years to 134,04kwh/m2/Year and Water Consumption Index (WCI)From 50 liter/person/Day to 27.18 Liter/person/Day. And the saving cost from electricity bill payments is IDR. 466,803,325.67 / month (18%) and roughly will Break Event Point (BEP) for 3.86 Years
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Coffey, W. J., M. Polèse, and R. Drolet. "Examining the Thesis of Central Business District Decline: Evidence from the Montreal Metropolitan Area." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 28, no. 10 (October 1996): 1795–814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a281795.
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Much recent North American research has focused on the decline of the central business district (CBD) as the economic core of metropolitan areas, and the corresponding rise of suburban employment centres. According to the literature, this trend is particularly evident in the case of high-order service functions: business services, finance, insurance, and real estate services, and head offices. In this paper, we argue that the decentralization of high-order service activities and the corresponding CBD decline may be neither as strong a trend nor as universal a phenomenon as certain authors have indicated. Rather, the growth of suburban office employment may reflect a strong CBD whose economic base is becoming increasingly specialized. Using data from the Montreal metropolitan area, we first examine intrametropolitan decentralization in a shift-share framework, then document the mobility of establishments and employment. Our findings suggest that, in spite of a certain level of intrametropolitan decentralization, the CBD continues to be the primary locus of high-order services.
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Choi, Jaepil, and Jung-Won Lee. "Development of an Algorithm to Build an Expert System for Vertical Transportation Planning in High-rise Office Buildings." Journal of the architectural institute of Korea planning & design 30, no. 5 (May 30, 2014): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5659/jaik_pd.2014.30.5.045.
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DIXON, GORDON, and PETER KARBOULONIS. "DEVELOPMENT AND MARKETING OF INTERACTIVE ENTERTAINMENT SOFTWARE." Journal of Enterprising Culture 08, no. 04 (December 2000): 411–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495800000218.
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This paper examines the entertainment software industry within a market perspective. It addresses marketing issues such as acquisitions, mergers, franchising, direct investment, and collaborative arrangements, in an industry where there is significant change in business activity. New entrants in this highly competitive and high value market are identified as being more likely to be developers rather than publishers. Consumer spending in Europe alone for games and interactive entertainment is expected to rise to US $6.1 billion within three years, and by 2002 on-line game players are expected to number five million. Trends point to the income from computer games software and video games surpassing major box office receipts of the motion picture industry. Markets are also emerging to satisfy new classes of consumers both in Europe and in Asia.
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Mahmood, Mir Annice. "International Labour Office. World Employment Report 1998-99. Employability in the Global Economy: How Training Matters. Geneva: ILO. 248pp.Paperback. Price US$34.95." Pakistan Development Review 37, no. 2 (June 1, 1998): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v37i2pp.191-192.
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Statistics reveal that some one billion employable workers are unemployed— almost 33 percent of the total global workforce. Unemployment has therefore come to be a significant political issue in Western Europe, the developing world, and the former ‘tiger’ economies of the Far East and South East Asia. Former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, undergoing a process of structural reform, have also significant populations that are in search of employment. The world outlook for employment is therefore very grim. Such high levels of unemployment cause major economic losses not only to national economies but also to the world economy by reducing growth rates, thereby further adding to the problem of unemployment, a vicious cycle indeed. The rise of unemployment levels requires radical new measures that need to be put in place if this problem is to be tackled effectively at the national and international levels.
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Christensen, Rasmus Braad. "Højhuse i Danmark 1950-2010." Kulturstudier 1, no. 1 (November 30, 2010): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ks.v1i1.3884.
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Med udgangspunkt i det moderne højhus' fødsel i det 19. århundredes USA samt fænomenets internationale historie, belyser artiklen højhusets historie og udbredelse i Danmark. Fra velfærdsstatens funktionalistiske boligkolosser i midten af det tyvende århundrede, over 1970'erne og 80'ernes modreaktion og 'småt er godt'-mentalitet til de seneste årtiers individuelle og amerikansk inspirerede<br />prestige-projekter med vartegnsambitioner, sættes den danske udvikling ind i en europæisk kontekst og prioriteret bevidsthedshistorisk forklaringsramme. Siden midten af det tyvende århundrede har erhvervshøjhuse i bycenteret hørt til de mest karakteristiske træk ved storbyers udvikling verden over, men i Danmark er den slags højhuse endnu relativt sjældne. Også i danske byer peger udviklingen i de seneste år dog i retning af flere høje, markante byggerier i eller nær bymidten.<br /><br />Abstract:<br />In recent decades, the distinctive urban setup, with a nucleus dominated by clusters of office towers, has spread to most parts of the world. Economic growth and structural conditions are obviously of fundamental importance for this development, but as the present article shows, the limited construction of such centrally located high-rise buildings in Danish (and European) cities may also be put into a framework of history of consciousness. The first modern skyscrapers were erected in American cities in the late 19th Century, but it was not until the middle of the 20th Century that a related, but dissimilar development gained momentum in Europe and Denmark. In Copenhagen, as well as in other European cities, office towers fitted badly into the the maze of streets in the city centres, and they also conflicted with the laws that restricted building heights. Because of the post-war shortage of housing and the rapid economic growth of the 1950s and -60s, the first high-rise buildings in Denmark were built in the mid-1950s in the form of suburban residential towers. Since then, these pre-fabricated concrete towers have affected the Danish townscape for better and perhaps especially for worse; and this may be one of the reasons why high-rise buildings fell into disrepute in Denmark. At any rate, the first generation of high-rise buildings in this country was mostly suburban, and a child of European modernism and functionalism. Due to a fear of Americanization and the ruining of Copenhagen"s "unique" low skyline, only a few "American" highrise buildings were allowed to be built in Copenhagen"s inner city in this period. From the early 1970s until 1990, practically no high-rise buildings were constructed in Denmark. The building activity was affected by low economic growth; and in addition, the bad experience from the 1950s and -60s influenced the new catchword of the building industry: dense, low. Since the last decade of the 20th Century, however, high-rise buildings have once again become fashionable in Denmark. Not all types of high-rise buildings, though, but characteristic and unique "American" commercial high-rise buildings in or near city centres. This development may be seen not only in Copenhagen, but also in several of the larger provincial towns. Public opposition to these towers is still significant, but as a consequence of increased globalization and the race for attracting multinational companies and the favour of the professions, municipal councils in Denmark are bending over backwards to signal progressiveness and an attractive business environment - for instance by stimulating the<br />construction of office towers.<br />
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Egodage, Nishadi, Fathima Nishara Abdeen, and Pournima Sridarran. "Fire emergency evacuation procedures for differently-abled community in high-rise buildings." Journal of Facilities Management 18, no. 5 (September 4, 2020): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfm-07-2020-0043.
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Purpose The incidence of disability is increasing globally over the past decades. Despite the increased proportion of disabled individuals, established fire emergency evacuation procedures for disabled in high-rise buildings are lacking attention. Hence, this paper aims to focus on investigating fire emergency evacuation procedures for differently-abled people in high-rise buildings. Design/methodology/approach To address the gap, the case study strategy under the qualitative research approach was deployed by focussing 10 high-rise buildings. Data collected through semi-structured interviews and document reviews were analysed using content analysis. Findings The study findings revealed that even though a fire disaster is a major area to be considered, there is a noticeable gap in legal requirements related to differently-abled fire evacuation in Sri Lanka compared to the global context. Moreover, it was identified that importance given to differently enabled fire evacuations procedures varied based on the type of high-rise facilities in which hospitals and hotels provided more importance compared to office buildings, apartments and shopping complexes. Further, the study has highlighted the main gaps in the evacuation procedures and improvements required. Lack of imposed regulations for disabled evacuation was identified as a major barrier hindering the development of effective fire evacuation procedures for disabled, which creates a cascading effect. Further, the consideration given to legal, organisational, individual and technological factors would assist in straightening the identified issues. Originality/value This research provides a clear insight into the necessity of focussing at disabled individuals when developing fire emergency procedures. Most importantly, this study had exposed the current gaps in fire emergency evacuation procedures for the disabled community. Understanding these gaps is of high value for industry practitioners to ensure disabled safety during a fire emergency.
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Susa-Páez, Alejandra, and María Beatriz Piderit-Moreno. "Geometric Optimization of Atriums with Natural Lighting Potential for Detached High-Rise Buildings." Sustainability 12, no. 16 (August 17, 2020): 6651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166651.
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Detached high-rise office buildings with more than 15 floors in high density areas have floor plans with large surfaces that prevent natural lighting from entering their central areas. Therefore, artificial lighting is used to substitute the lighting comfort needs of their occupants for a large proportion of operational hours, resulting in high energy expenses for the building. The goal of this study is to evaluate the lighting potential of a central atrium with added clerestories and/or side lighting every four levels in a parametric 15-floor theoretical model and two floor surface areas of 900 m2 and 2500 m2, compared to a 40% glazed surface on façades without solar control devices. A total of 108 geometric variations of the atrium and adjoining spaces were analyzed using a climate-based daylight dynamic simulation method (CBDM), using DIVA-for-Rhino as the integrated evaluation tool in Rhino’s Grasshopper software, where the parametric model was built. The geometric optimization results show the design variables that allowed a significant illuminance of between 60 and 70%, using the Useful Daylighting Illuminance (UDI) indicator in a range of 100 to 2000 lux, demonstrating that the incorporation of atrium spaces as a controlled natural lighting strategy in these buildings is an environmental and sustainable perspective for architectonic design.
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Endres, Laura, Delia Mirela Tit, Simona Bungau, Nicoleta Anamaria Pascalau, Laura Maghiar Țodan, Erika Bimbo-Szuhai, Gabriela Mariana Iancu, and Nicoleta Negrut. "Incidence and Clinical Implications of Autoimmune Thyroiditis in the Development of Acne in Young Patients." Diagnostics 11, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11050794.
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Autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) is on the rise among the population, and is frequently associated with patients with acne vulgaris, especially females aged between 18–55 years old. The connection between the two is not fully elucidated. In this study, 236 patients diagnosed with acne in the dermatological office of the private Pelican Hospital and in few private dermatological offices from Oradea, Romania, during January 2018–December 2020, aged between 12 and 55 years old, were endocrinologically investigated to determine AIT and its influence on the severity of the acne. The values for the thyroid antibodies and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined for all of the subjects. The frequency of AIT in the study group was 72% and was associated with severe acne (p < 0.001). Patients with AIT with normal or hypofunction had more frequent severe acne than those with hyperfunction (p < 0.001, p = 0.002). The TSH and anti thyroidperoxidase (TPO) values did not influence the severity of the acne (p = 0.494; p = 0.111), while the anti-TG values were associated with severe acne (p = 0.007). The risk analysis indicated that raised values of anti-TPO (2.91 times greater) correlated with high anti-thyroglobulin (TG) values (4.36 times greater) doubled the risk of developing severe acne in patients. In acne evolution, the existence of AIT involves significant modifications.
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Lohwanitchai, Kittisak, and Daranee Jareemit. "Modeling Energy Efficiency Performance and Cost-Benefit Analysis Achieving Net-Zero Energy Building Design: Case Studies of Three Representative Offices in Thailand." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 6, 2021): 5201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095201.
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The concept of a zero energy building is a significant sustainable strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The challenges of zero energy building (ZEB) achievement in Thailand are that the design approach to reach ZEB in office buildings is unclear and inconsistent. In addition, its implementation requires a relatively high investment cost. This study proposes a guideline for cost-optimal design to achieve the ZEB for three representative six-story office buildings in hot and humid Thailand. The energy simulations of envelope designs incorporating high-efficiency systems are carried out using eQuest and daylighting simulation using DIALux evo. The final energy consumptions meet the national ZEB target but are higher than the rooftop PV generation. To reduce such an energy gap, the ratios of building height to width are proposed. The cost-benefit of investment in ZEB projects provides IRRs ranging from 10.73 to 13.85%, with payback periods of 7.2 to 8.5 years. The energy savings from the proposed designs account for 79.2 to 81.6% of the on-site energy use. The investment of high-performance glazed-windows in the small office buildings is unprofitable (NPVs = −14.77–−46.01). These research results could help architects and engineers identify the influential parameters and significant considerations for the ZEB design. Strategies and technical support to improve energy performance in large and mid-rise buildings towards ZEB goals associated with the high investment cost need future investigations.
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Mottaeva, Angela, and Alexander Zheltenkov. "High-rise housing as a factor of the increase in Investment attractiveness of the city." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 01038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183301038.
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That is obviously for experts, irrespective of status or quality, high-rise housing is here to stay. No country is in a position to ignore or discard this conspicuous legacy of the post-war and mass housing period. Nevertheless, high-rise residential buildings are still less widespread, than offices. According to the author, there are certain problems and reasons for limitation of high-rise construction in the housing sector. The author summarizes successful experience of high-rise housing construction in the world and considers some social-and-economic prerequisites of its development in the modern city. These concrete examples, given in article, prove that the existing problems are being solved. The most effective option of construction is the combination of inhabited and commercial chambers in the high-rise building and also the creation of specific infrastructure. In that case housing high-rise estates will promote the increase in investment attractiveness and investment activity in the district and in the city as whole.
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Javanroodi, Kavan, Vahid M. Nik, and Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad. "A novel design-based optimization framework for enhancing the energy efficiency of high-rise office buildings in urban areas." Sustainable Cities and Society 49 (August 2019): 101597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101597.
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Kirillova, Ariadna, and Oksana O. Prytkova. "Organizational-economic model of formation of socio-commercial multifunctional complex in the construction of high-rise buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 03059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183303059.
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The article is devoted to the features of the formation of the organizational and economic model of the construction of a socio-commercial multifunctional complex for high-rise construction. Authors have given examples of high-altitude multifunctional complexes in Moscow, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages in the implementation of multifunctional complexes, stressed the need for a holistic strategic approach, allowing to take into account the prospects for the development of the city and the creation of a comfortable living environment. Based on the analysis of multifunctional complexes features, a matrix of SWOT analysis was compiled. For the development of cities and improving the quality of life of the population, it is proposed to implement a new type of multifunctional complexes of a joint social and commercial direction, including, along with the implementation of office areas - schools, polyclinics, various sports facilities and cultural and leisure centers (theatrical, dance, studio, etc.). The approach proposed in the article for developing the model is based on a comparative evaluation of the multifunctional complex project of a social and commercial direction implemented at the expense of public-private partnership in the form of a concession agreement and a commercial multifunctional complex being built at the expense of the investor. It has been proved by calculations that the obtained indicators satisfy the conditions of expediency of the proposed organizational-economic model and the project of the social and commercial multifunctional complex is effective.
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Forsythe, Perry, and Sara Wilkinson. "Measuring office fit-out changes to determine recurring embodied energy in building life cycle assessment." Facilities 33, no. 3/4 (March 2, 2015): 262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-08-2013-0065.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to quantify and profile the indicative amount of retrofits in office buildings as a necessary step in quantifying the recurring embodied energy in office buildings. Buildings are a major source of energy usage and emissions, and office buildings are a significant contributor to this situation. Life cycle assessments in this area have tended to neglect the potentially large impact arising from recurring embodied energy associated with office fit-out – which is often akin to a short-term consumable rather than a long-term durable in many multi-storey buildings. Design/methodology/approach – This study used building permit data from the Melbourne Central Business District (n = 986) over the period 2006-2010 (inclusive) to quantify the number of retrofits and related trends. Building on this, a small number of targeted case study buildings were used to probe specific issues in profiling trends associated with high-frequency trends arising from the main sample. Findings – The data show that the number of retrofits varies according to location, grade, size and the age of buildings. Using the case study data, there is initial evidence to suggest that between 46 and 70 per cent of the floors in a high-rise office building will undergo retrofit in a five-year period. Further research should apply these data to recurring energy modelling for office buildings. Research limitations/implications – One limitation which applies to this study is that the research is limited to a defined geographical area in one Australian city, Melbourne. Secondly the study covers a specific period, and the number of retrofits may be affected negatively or positively depending on the prevailing market conditions. Practical implications – This paper raises important questions in respect of life cycle carbon emissions in the context of prevailing trends to shorter lease terms and practices around fit-out. Originality/value – The retrofit of office buildings tends to go unnoticed and unmeasured in the debate about sustainable buildings. The paper provides original thought development and important measurement input which will assist in providing a more accurate and meaningful life cycle assessment of office buildings.
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Tsuchimoto, Koji, Yasutaka Narazaki, and Billie F. Spencer. "Development and Validation of a Post-Earthquake Safety Assessment System for High-Rise Buildings Using Acceleration Measurements." Mathematics 9, no. 15 (July 26, 2021): 1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9151758.
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After a major seismic event, structural safety inspections by qualified experts are required prior to reoccupying a building and resuming operation. Such manual inspections are generally performed by teams of two or more experts and are time consuming, labor intensive, subjective in nature, and potentially put the lives of the inspectors in danger. The authors reported previously on the system for a rapid post-earthquake safety assessment of buildings using sparse acceleration data. The proposed framework was demonstrated using simulation of a five-story steel building modeled with three-dimensional nonlinear analysis subjected to historical earthquakes. The results confirmed the potential of the proposed approach for rapid safety evaluation of buildings after seismic events. However, experimental validation on large-scale structures is required prior to field implementation. Moreover, an extension to the assessment of high-rise buildings, such as those commonly used for residences and offices in modern cities, is needed. To this end, a 1/3-scale 18-story experimental steel building tested on the shaking table at E-Defense in Japan is considered. The importance of online model updating of the linear building model used to calculate the Damage Sensitive Features (DSFs) during the operation is also discussed. Experimental results confirm the efficacy of the proposed approach for rapid post-earthquake safety evaluation for high-rise buildings. Finally, a cost-benefit analysis with respect to the number of sensors used is presented.
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Henrich-Franke, Christian. "Innovationsmotor Medientechnik – Von der Schreibmaschine zur «Mittleren Datentechnik» bei der Siemag Feinmechanische Werke (1950 bis 1969)." Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte 66, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 93–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zug-2020-0023.
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Abstract The second half of the 20th century is commonly considered to be a time in which German companies lost their innovative strength, while promising new technologies presented an enormous potential for innovation in the US. The fact that German companies were quite successful in the production of medium data technology and had considerable influence on the development of electronic data processing was neglected by business and media historians alike until now. The article analyses the Siemag Feinmechanische Werke (Eiserfeld) as one of the most important producers of the predecessors to said medium data technologies in the 1950s and 1960s. Two transformation processes regarding the media – from mechanic to semiconductor and from semiconductor to all-electronic technology – are highlighted in particular. It poses the question of how and why a middling family enterprise such as Siemag was able to rise to being the leading provider for medium data processing office computers despite lacking expertise in the field of electrical engineering while also facing difficult location conditions. The article shows that Siemag successfully turned from its roots in heavy industry towards the production of innovative high technology devices. This development stems from the company’s strategic decisions. As long as their products were not mass-produced, a medium-sized family business like Siemag could hold its own on the market through clever decision-making which relied on flexible specialization, targeted license and patent cooperation as well as innovative products, even in the face of adverse conditions. Only in the second half of the 1960s, as profit margins dropped due to increasing sales figures and office machines had finally transformed into office computers, Siemag was forced to enter cooperation with Philips in order to broaden its spectrum and merge the production site in Eiserfeld into a larger business complex.
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Meirelles, Lyghia Maria Araújo, and Fernanda Nervo Raffin. "Clay and Polymer-Based Composites Applied to Drug Release: A Scientific and Technological Prospection." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 20 (May 19, 2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3r617.
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There has been a growing trend in recent years for the development of hybrid materials, called composites, based on clay and polymers, whose innovative properties render them attractive for drug release. The objective of this manuscript was to conduct a review of original articles on this topic published over the last decade and of the body of patents related to these carriers. A scientific prospection was carried out spanning the period from 2005 to 2015 on the Web of Science database. The technological prospection encompassed the United States Patent and Trademark Office, the European Patent Office, the World International Patent Office and the National Institute of Industrial Property databases, filtering patents with the code A61K. The survey revealed a rise in the number of publications over the past decade, confirming the potential of these hybrids for use in pharmaceutical technology. Through interaction between polymer and clay, the mechanical and thermal properties of composites are enhanced, promoting stable, controlled drugs release in biological media. The most cited clays analyzed in the articles was montmorillonite, owing to its high surface area and capacity for ion exchange. The polymeric part is commonly obtained by copolymerization, particularly using acrylate derivatives. The hybrid materials are obtained mainly in particulate form on a nanometric scale, attaining a modified release profile often sensitive to stimuli in the media. A low number of patents related to the topic were found. The World International Patent Office had the highest number of lodged patents, while Japan was the country which published the most patents. A need to broaden the application of this technology to include more therapeutic classes was identified. Moreover, the absence of regulation of nanomaterials might explain the disparity between scientific and technological output. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.
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Najini, Hiba, Mutasim Nour, Sulaiman Al-Zuhair, and Fadi Ghaith. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Green Building Codes in United Arab Emirates Based on a Case Study Office Building." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 8773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218773.
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Green building regulations in the United Arab Emirates are required to obtain building permits so that future construction projects can create a sustainable living environment. Emirates such as Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Sharjah have specific green building regulations, whereas other emirates follow Abu Dhabi’s regulatory criteria. Previous work fails to present a techno-economic cross-code analysis for various green building regulations in the UAE by evaluating energy and water performance. A case study using an existing high-rise green office building was formulated using the Integrated Environmental Solution: Virtual Environment (IES-VE) platform and the U.S. Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (U.S. LEED) water consumption evaluation tool to study its energy and water performance, respectively. The archived results were used to devise an economic study based on the discounted cash flow technique. The principal findings of this research allowed us to determine a cross-code analysis and propose cost-effective trade-offs. These will aid the consultants and contractors in choosing appropriate green building regulations in the UAE by highlighting the potential of each parameter within green building regulations in terms of energy, water, and economic performance.
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Jadhav, Rohan, Emanuel Alcala, Sarah Sirota, and John Capitman. "Risk Factors for Acute Urticaria in Central California." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 3728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073728.
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At least 15–20% of the population in the world suffers from urticaria. Allergy triggers contribute to the development of urticaria. Not much is known about the demographic and environmental risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of acute urticaria. Methods: We utilized emergency department data on acute urticaria-related visits managed by the California Office of Statewide Planning and Operations for 201 zip codes located in southern central California (San Joaquin Valley) collected during the years 2016 and 2017. Census data from the same zip codes were considered as a population at risk. Socioeconomic and environmental parameters using CalEnviroScreen (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Sacramento, CA, USA) database for the zip codes were evaluated as risk factors. Results: The incidence rate of acute urticaria in San Joaquin Valley during 2016–2017 was 1.56/1000 persons (n = 14,417 cases). Multivariate Poisson analysis revealed that zip codes with high population density (RR = 2.81), high percentage of farm workers (RR = 1.49), and the composite of those with high and medium percentage of poverty and those with high and medium percentage of non-white residents (RR = 1.59) increased the likelihood of the occurrence of acute urticaria. Conclusion: High population density, farm work, poverty and minority status is associated with a high risk of having acute urticaria.
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Suwannapruk, Natchai, Alejandro Prieto, and Christien Janssen. "“Desigrated”-Desiccant Integrated Façade for the Hot-Humid Climate of Bangkok, Thailand." Sustainability 12, no. 13 (July 7, 2020): 5490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12135490.
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“Desigrated” presented an attempt to integrate heat prevention strategies with low-ex cooling technologies, namely the desiccant and M-cycle evaporative cooling technology, in the form of a façade system for high-rise office buildings. The project targets to provide an alternative cooling solution for the hot and humid climate context of Bangkok. The results from experiments by various researchers are used as assumptions in developing the system, which was then evaluated through numerical methods and dynamic simulations. Being one of the prominent dehumidification technologies, a composite silica gel heat exchanger (CCHE) was implemented as the primary part of the façade system, while the M-cycle technology would also be implemented as a secondary cooling technique to cool down the supply air. The evaluation shows a promising result with up to 36% energy consumption reduction in comparison with the conventional cooling system, presenting itself as a transitioning tool in order to replace refrigerant cooling.
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Kearns, Randy D., and Jeffrey E. Carter. "757 Mass Casualty Planning, When an Airplane Strikes a Building." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S212—S213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.338.
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Abstract Introduction This paper focuses on the risks associated with the rapid development of aviation as well as the rapid growth of high-rise or large capacity buildings. The aim of the work is to further evaluate the incidence of building strikes involving aircraft. With this scenario, a burn injury is the most common for survivors. This paper will examine the nature and frequency of these events. Knowing the risks can aid the planning effort for all involved with a role in the response to a mass casualty incident. Methods The researchers reviewed historical records involving airplane crashes into large occupied buildings. This review included databases searched such as PubMed as well as commonly used search engines; Google and Bing. Inclusion criteria for buildings included those either considered mid-rise or high-rise (typically considered taller than 33 meters [108 feet]) or a large footprint (defined as 5000 square meters [54820 square feet]). Furthermore, the buildings had to be occupied. The airplanes included civilian (commercial) and military aircraft. The literature reviewed included historical accounts and historical references from a variety of news archival services that were chronicled in articles published and indexed in the PubMed search engine or found in common historical databases. The search also included the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) reports. Results Once the descriptive data were collected, the information was analyzed for similarities and trended where applicable. A total of 19 of the aircraft impacts were analyzed for this work. While death tolls were included in the results collected, the work aimed to identify the number of injured patients, and where possible, further identify those with burn injuries. All of the crashes also included the distance to the closest metro area (typically where a burn center was or should be located.) It should be noted that all of the buildings impacted were located within 50 kilometers (31 miles) of an airport with many of them occurring on or adjacent to airport property. Conclusions It is reasonable to presume that commercial or military aircraft that impact large occupied buildings such as a commercial complex, high-rise housing or an office building will produce disastrous consequences. This scenario includes significant casualties and loss of life. Findings from this research can offer insights from actual occurrences to disaster planners and emergency managers. Applicability of Research to Practice Mass casualty planning for burn centers should include the potential impact by aircraft and either large or high rise buildings. The size of the incident could be significant and the potential for the occurrence should not be overlooked.
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Winasis, Persis Haryo, Raga Maulana, and Yodi Susanto. "Designing Application For Defect Recording and Handover Of Property Based On Mobile Application by Applying SQLite Technology." CCIT Journal 13, no. 2 (August 27, 2020): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v13i2.990.
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Property development companies that produce housing products, high rise dwellings, and office buildings generally have data on the quality of buildings, one of which is obtained during the defect inspection process between developers and consumers before handing over units. Recording data is generally still done manually using a form on a paper. For these conditions, researchers tried to build an application based on mobile apps to digitally record the defect checklist of the dwelling so that the data collected can be processed for the needs of analysis and development strategies. Difficulties encountered during the unit handover process using digital methods on the newly completed property, one of which is the quality of data and internet signals. Mobile apps certainly require a data signal connection to send data to the server. This Android-based mobile apps will implement SQLite technology which allows the recording of transactions to be done locally first, which can then be synchronized into the database server after getting the required internet data connection. SQLite was chosen because it has a relatively small library code unlike relational DBMS in general. SQLite is also easy to use without complex configurations. With the support of the ease of function of SQLite it also allows applications to be integrated with the property sales application system.
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Juniah, Restu. "Study of Carbon Value of the Allotment of Former Coal Mining Land of PT Samantaka Batubara for Sustainable Mining Environment." Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 4 (July 29, 2018): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v11n4p213.
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Sustainable environment is a hope for the sustainability of a civilization, because environmental damage can destroy civilization. Mining commodities needed by humans to build civilization and the fulfillment of the necessities of life such as houses, high rise buildings, motor vehicles, mobile phones, electronic equipment, home appliances, office equipment, and others. Mining activities are conducted to obtain mining commodities. Mining companies during the life of the mine are obliged to keep the mining environment sustainable, and entirely entitled to determine its former mining land. Revegetation activities on former coal mines can provide external benefits of carbon values. Research conducted by survey with quantitative method aims to provide an economic assessment of the carbon value of former coal mine land of PT Samantaka Batubara for rubber plantations. The research finds that the carbon value of former mining land of PT Samantaka Batubara for rubber plantation can keep the mining environment sustainable. The economic valuations undertaken to determine the value of carbon use the equations found in this study developed from previous studies. The results of the study found the value of carbon benefits on mining land of PT Samantaka coal worth IDR 1,014,329,829, - or USD 75,770 for the range of restoration of ex-mining land in 2017-2022 PV 2017. The results are expected to be useful and can be used by stakeholders, academics, researchers, practitioners and associations of mining, and the environment.
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PhD, Subejo, Irham Irham, Pinjung Nawang Sari, Arif Wahyu Widada, Azizatun Nurhayati, Laksmi Yustika Devi, and Esti Anatasari. "Problematika Pengembangan Padi Organik di Sawangan Magelang serta Peluang Sertifikasi Internasional." Jurnal Teknosains 9, no. 1 (December 22, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.40604.
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Organic farming has been remarkably evolving in many areas of Indonesia for responding environmental issues and producing healthy foods. Organic rice is a type of organic farming product of a system which has been widely practiced including in Sawangan Village Magelang District as one of pioneering area on organic rice development in Central Java Province. This study is directed to analyze supporting factors, various problems faced on the development of organic rice and opportunity for getting international organic certification. A study has been done through household interview (30 farmers), indepth interview with key informants and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) at agricultural office of Magelang District. Data analysis used in this study are statistical descriptive and categorical qualitative. Results of the study show that: (1) performance of organic rice gradually getting better and productivity level has been getiing closer to conventional high external input rice farming, (2) supporting factorson improvement of organic rice include healthy rice production initiated through integrated pest management,transformative group leadership, supports from related stakeholders, high economic incentive, improvement of market networking, product certification, ICT application and favourable natural resource endowment, (3) Problems faced on the development of organic rice include variety of product quality among farmers, price variety and fluctuation, difficulty in organic seed access, mixing area of organic and anorganic rice farming, (4) Strategies for improving opportunity to get international organic sertification include innovation on product diversification, application of fresh product certification, modernization of machine for rice processing.
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Bazin-Benoit, Sylvie, Christophe Beckerich, and Marie Delaplace. "High-Speed Rail, Corporate Real Estate and Firm Location in the Central Business District: The Results from Two Surveys (2008; 2014) in Reims." Open Transportation Journal 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874447801610010007.
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The arrival of High Speed Rail (HSR) often gives rise to a development of office and corporate real estate programs around the central station where firms are expected to locate. But the question is to know if HSR is, in itself, a location factor or if it induces an indirect effect by triggering a supply of business real estate, which then explains the location of firms. The aim of this paper is to identify the exact role of HSR in firms’ choice of location, and on real estate supply, at the time of opening of HSR services and during their development.We analyzed the case of Reims, a city served since 2007 by the Eastern Europe High Speed Line. Its district near the central station has been transformed into a so-called business district. Two surveys interviewing firms were conducted in 2008 and 2014 respectively. The results of the first survey clearly show that use of HSR does not directly explain the location, but the image effect it generates real estate investments. Such programs quickly find real estate buyers and tenants, mainly local ones, but less from companies outside the city. The second survey makes it possible to identify whether the dynamics noticed in the short term, where strong expectations existed, are still relevant seven years later. Interviews with developers and investors make it possible to identify the reasons why they have invested in this district. This last survey shows the importance of local developers, local public stakeholders and of land availability, but also that HSR becomes, for some firms, a direct location factor.
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Astarita, Anna, Giulia Mingrone, Lorenzo Airale, Fabrizio Vallelonga, Michele Covella, Cinzia Catarinella, Marco Cesareo, et al. "Multiple Myeloma Patients Undergoing Carfilzomib: Development and Validation of a Risk Score for Cardiovascular Adverse Events Prediction." Cancers 13, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 1631. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13071631.
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Cardiovascular adverse events (CVAEs) are linked to Carfilzomib (CFZ) therapy in multiple myeloma (MM); however, no validated protocols on cardiovascular risk assessment are available. In this prospective study, the effectiveness of the European Myeloma Network protocol (EMN) in cardiovascular risk assessment was investigated, identifying major predictors of CVAEs. From January 2015 to March 2020, 116 MM patients who had indication for CFZ therapy underwent a baseline evaluation (including blood pressure measurements, echocardiography and arterial stiffness estimation) and were prospectively followed. The median age was 64.53 ± 8.42 years old, 56% male. Five baseline independent predictors of CVAEs were identified: office systolic blood pressure, 24-h blood pressure variability, left ventricular hypertrophy, pulse wave velocity value and global longitudinal strain. The resulting ‘CVAEs risk score’ distinguished a low- and a high-risk group, obtaining a negative predicting value for the high-risk group of 90%. 52 patients (44.9%) experienced one or more CVAEs: 17 (14.7%) had major and 45 (38.7%) had hypertension-related events. In conclusion, CVAEs are frequent and a specific management protocol is crucial. The EMN protocol and the risk score proved to be useful to estimate the baseline risk for CVAEs during CFZ therapy, allowing the identification of higher-risk patients.
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Johnston, Ron, Danny Dorling, Helena Tunstall, David Rossiter, Iain MacAllister, and Charles Pattie. "Locating the Altruistic Voter: Context, Egocentric Voting, and Support for the Conservative Party at the 1997 General Election in England and Wales." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 32, no. 4 (April 2000): 673–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3294.
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Egocentric economic voting models are widely used in studies of voting behaviour in Great Britain: they suggest that people whose standard of living has risen recently as a perceived consequence of government policies are more likely to vote for the government's return to office than are those who blame government policies for a decline in their living standards. But many people whose living standards have increased vote against the government. Analyses reported here, using specially constructed bespoke neighbourhoods around the homes of respondents to the 1997 British Election Study, show that the latter group mainly live in areas of high local unemployment. This suggests a pattern of altruistic voting, of people who are prospering personally, but whose neighbours are not, voting against the incumbent government—a pattern confirmed by statistical analyses of both egocentric and sociotropic voting.
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Strauss, Markus, Peter Foshag, and Roman Leischik. "Prospective Evaluation of Cardiovascular, Cardiorespiratory, and Metabolic Risk of German Office Workers in Comparison to International Data." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5 (March 1, 2020): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051590.
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Background: Employment in the administrative sector is characterized by prolonged sedentary work, which has been tied to increased morbidity and compromised health. The aim of this study was to determine cardiovascular, cardiorespiratory and metabolic risk parameters of German office workers (OWs) in comparison to OWs from other nations. Material and Methods: A total of 46 male office workers from the North Rhine-Westphalia region (Germany) participated in the survey. Anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors, as well as laboratory parameters were taken. The 10-year cardiovascular risk was calculated by using the Framingham risk score. The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was based on the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. Cardiorespiratory status was assessed by exercise spirometry. Results: The analyzed group of OWs demonstrated a high prevalence of preobesity (Body Mass Index 26.4 ± 4 and waist circumference 97.3 ± 11.7 cm) and 58.7% of the OWs showed an abnormally large waist circumference. Cardiovascular risk was correspondingly elevated as compared with other international studies (9.7% ± 9.2%). High risk cardiovascular profiles were detected in 10.7% of the participants and 33% of the OWs in our study group were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. The oxygen uptake of the OWs was 34.1 ± 8.1 mL/kg−1·min−1. Conclusions: The German OWs show elevated cardiovascular risk assessed using the Framingham risk score and also a high tendency for metabolic syndrome. The OWs need to be made further aware of the cardiovascular risk and resulting health implications. Implementation of health promotion concepts such as corporate sports activities or nutrition courses should be taken into consideration to counteract cardiovascular risk factors and the subsequent development of cardiovascular disease in later life.
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Woo, Jung Hyun. "Classification of TOD Typologies Based on Pedestrian Behavior for Sustainable and Active Urban Growth in Seoul." Sustainability 13, no. 6 (March 10, 2021): 3047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13063047.
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Transit-oriented development (TOD) pursues sustainable urban development through compact growth, mixed-use zoning, and pedestrian-friendly neighborhood design in cooperation with transportation planning. Seoul has actively developed urban rail transit since the 1970s based on a TOD concept, and each station’s areas have differently evolved throughout the history of urbanization in Seoul. In response to investigating the complications of current TOD, this paper evaluates TOD characteristics through accessibility and clustering analysis methods and categorizes TOD types using the targeted 246 subway station areas at the neighborhood level. As a result, subway TODs are grouped into the four distinct categories of (1) high-density: a form of mainly mixed-use with residential and retail development and good accessibility; (2) moderate-density: average accessibility and high-mixed use; (3) compact business district setting: highly accessible to offices and retail; and (4) compact housing: high-rise apartments with schools and retail. The results also find that Cluster 2 is the most common TOD type and redevelopment possibility in Seoul, with relatively lower ranks in the building floor area (GFA) and diversity in comparison to other TOD contexts. Cluster 3 has the most significant transit demand, generating an active transit environment in Seoul. Different urban development periods impact the characteristics of TOD types.
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Nevzat, Meltem Zehra, and Cemil Atakara. "A Contemporary Connection to Historic Buildings Through Transparency and Reusability." Open House International 40, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2015-b0009.
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From the 19th century onwards, glass has been used intensively in buildings. During the design process, the importance of aesthetics is very common for architects in general. The application of glass walls as part of the building’s structure has given flexibility in design together with transparency as well as aesthetics. Structural glass systems have been used in different building types for example office, residential, educational, commercial, transportation, cultural … Beyond the high - rise and high - tech buildings, structural glass systems have been applied also to historic buildings during their conservation process. The adaption of the structural glass system and the opportunity to reuse the existing building are other important aspects to be discussed. In this article, the literature review will be formed with a brief explanation of transparency in contemporary architecture, structural glass systems focusing on ‘suspended glass systems with pre-stressed cable trusses’ (SGSPCT) which has three application methods; 1) between floor systems 2) independent body systems 3) distance bridging systems and the reusability of existing buildings. The ‘between floor system’ which is commonly used as a contemporary solution technique for historic buildings together with its effects, will also be analysed with the help of a case study, Esma Sultan Mansion. This historic building’s present glass structure will be studied to create an alternative proposal less dependent to the existing building. Another case study will be the Ballapais Abbey. Part of this gothic building (the common room) that has collapsed in the past will be analysed. An independent glass structured annex designed with SGSPCT will be proposed giving joint details of the adaptation to the existing building. This case of study is a literature analysis based on books, internet resources, articles and architectural drawings, like plans, sections and details related to the buildings. Both case studies will be proposing an alternative glass structured annex that is focusing on gained transparency and reusability in respect to the existing historic building.
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Senkin, Nikolai A., Aleksandr S. Filimonov, Kirill E. Kharitonov, Vitaliy V. Yakovlev, Elizaveta O. Bondareva, Marina V. Merkulova, and Nikita E. Medvedev. "On the Creation of a High-Speed Transport Highway in St. Petersburg." Transportation Systems and Technology 5, no. 4 (December 24, 2019): 73–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/transsyst20195473-95.
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As part of student research at the St. Petersburg University of architecture and construction, alternative proposals are being developed for the creation of a circumferential high-speed highway with a total length of 147.2 km. Тhe scheme is proposed in the form of a polygon with HUB in the nodes and consists of three main parts: 1 above-ground (62.6 km), 2 above-water (29.6 km) and 3 surface-underground (55.0 km). The main tracks are located in a four-tube steel beam, each tube of which is organized by the technology of vacuum tube transport with a pressure of 10% of the normal for high-speed passenger trains on a magnetic levitation cushion using a linear traction motor (Maglev system). The rail base of the 1520 mm gauge is located along the entire length of the track, both in parking lots, acceleration and braking zones, and on the main high-speed sections for movement with a maximum speed of 500 km per hour.
The main direction of research was the development of load-bearing structures that provide the necessary functionality, reliability and safety of structures. In order to reduce the noise impact on the metropolis, overcome numerous artificial and natural obstacles, improve anti-terrorist protection, the main level of the rail track for the above-ground and above-water structures was adopted at +88.00 in the Baltic elevation system. Calculations of variants with determination of internal forces in elements and movements of nodes with use of the program complex SCAD Office 21.1are executed, when accounting for the full range of loads taking into account dynamic effects and non-linearity. The selection of cross-sections of elements according to the method of limit states according to the current norms is carried out. The advantage of the arch-cable-stayed variant with a span of 360 m in strength, stability, stiffness and vertical size (height of supports) is shown.
The continuation of research and design work on this topic should lead to the emergence of a district high-speed transport system at the borders of communication between St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region with passenger traffic, quite comparable to the metro line.
Aim: To develop a district high-speed transport system at the borders of St. Petersburg and Leningrad region with passenger traffic comparable to the metro line.
Materials and Methods: Using the software package "SCAD Office 21.1", the trestle structures are calculated for the combination of operating loads, forces and influences, including the consideration of dynamic aspects and nonlinearity, as well as the selection of cross-sections of elements by the method of limit states. To determine the optimal trestle structures of high-speed highways, namely high-rise and long-length metal structures supporting the overpass beam, calculations with the selection of cross sections of four variants of cable-stayed systems (arch-cable-stayed; cable-stayed rod with inclined cables and steel lattice pylons; the same, steel pipe-concrete pylons; cable-stayed rod system with suspensions according to the patent US5950543 (A).
Results: the results of the trial design adopted arch-cable option with a span of 360 m according to the criterion of metal consumption, the consumption of steel amounted to 20.9 tons per 1 m length of highway.
Conclusion: the estimated volume of passenger traffic per day for the four-track high-speed line will be 280 thousand passengers, and 102 million passengers per year, which is quite comparable to this figure for the metro line.
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Taheri, Shila. "Nanotechnology Development and Transference in the International Trade Law and the Intellectual Property Rights." Journal of Politics and Law 10, no. 1 (December 29, 2016): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v10n1p155.
Full textAbstract:
The preset essay analyzes the nanotechnology development and transference in the international trade law and the intellectual property rights by implementing descriptive analytic method. The research findings show that determining the role and position and the function of intellectual property systems within the modern nanotechnology intellectual property at the international scenery and analyzing the plans and codifying policies and special protective programs in terms of development and enhancement of intellectual property in this technology and comprehensive approaches in support of the international intellectual property and change and correction of the organizational offices of nano patents registration is a critical issue. Codifying coordinated regulations for University research centers to ensure the unity of the researchers, lack of definite and fixed output for commercializing, study of the increasing mass of the number of registered patents, rise of the complexity of the patents (interdisciplinary patents) that lead to the limitations for the innovators in obtaining intellectual property rights, lack of the cooperation of the developing countries because of the obstacles of registering patents and being bereft of the benefits of nano because of the high expenses of registering the patents and the administration guarantee of the international documents are among the legal challenges of the intellectual property in nanotechnology.
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Smirnova, M. D., F. T. Ageev, O. N. Svirida, L. G. Ratova, G. G. Konovalova, A. K. Tikhadze, and V. Z. Lankin. "HEALTH EFFECTS OF HOT SUMMER WEATHER IN PATIENTS WITH INTERMEDIATE AND HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK." Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 12, no. 4 (August 20, 2013): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2013-4-56-61.
Full textAbstract:
Background. The potential global warming justifies the need for further investigation of the impact of abnormally hot summer weather on health and the prevention of these negative health effects.Aim. To study the effects of extreme climatic conditions (hot weather) on hemodynamics, electrolyte metabolism, oxidative stress (OS), and quality of life (QoL) in cardiac patients.Material and methods. In total, the study included 123 patients (52 men and 76 women) with intermediate (17,3%) and high or very high (82,7%) cardiovascular risk. The following parameters were assessed: office blood pressure (BP), pulse wave velocity (PWV), plasma levels of potassium (K), sodium (Na), oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL), and malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and MDA/SOD ratio. The QoL scale, Shikhan clinical anxiety scale, and a questionnaire specifically designed for this study were also used.Results. Subjective health deterioration in hot weather was reported by 46,3% of the participants. The number of cardiovascular events (CVE) was higher during the hot weather period, compared to the following period (p=0,009). Hot weather was associated with a reduction in the levels of systolic BP (SAD; p=0,004), diastolic BP (DBP; p=0,04), PWV (p=0,05), and heart rate (HR; p=0,06). The levels of Na were elevated by the second visit (p=0,002). The number of CVE during the hot weather period negatively correlated with the dynamics of PWV (r= –0,304, p<0,001), SBP (r= –0,225, p=0,009), and DBP (r= –0,292, p=0,001) and positively correlated with the Na concentration dynamics. There was a negative correlation between QoL and age (r= –0,202, p=0,03). The hot weather period was characterised by the OS development, with the OS regression during the subsequent colder period.Conclusion. Hot summer weather, even within the climatic norm range, is associated with increased CVE risk in some cardiac patients. Negative health effects of hot weather were self-reported by 46,3% of participants. Inadequate heat adaptation was linked to OS development, lesser degree of BP and PWV reduction, more pronounced Na elevation, and older age.
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Stollenwerk, Björn, Andreas Gerber, Karl W. Lauterbach, and Uwe Siebert. "The German Coronary Artery Disease Risk Screening Model: Development, Validation, and Application of a Decision-Analytic Model for Coronary Artery Disease Prevention with Statins." Medical Decision Making 29, no. 5 (September 2009): 619–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272989x09331810.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of death in industrial countries, leading to high health-related costs and decreased quality of life. Objective. To develop and validate a decision-analytic model for CAD risk screening in Germany (German Coronary Artery Disease Screening Model). Design. Markov model. Target Population. Age- and gender-specific cohorts of the German population. Data Sources. Mortality rates posted by the German Federal Statistical Office, the German Health Survey, social health insurance institutions, the MONICA Augsburg study, and the literature. Time Horizon. Lifetime. Interventions. CAD risk screening for high-risk individuals using Framingham risk equation and use of statins as the primary preventive measure, compared with a setting without screening. Outcome Measures. Life-years (LY) gained, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. Results. The model-based CAD incidence corresponds well with empirical data from the MONICA Augsburg study. Health outcomes depend on the screening threshold (cutoff value of Framingham 10-year risk) and on the age and gender of the cohort screened (0.03 to 0.26 LYs and 0.06 to 0.42 QALYs gained per person screened in cohorts of 50- and 60-year-old men and women, respectively). Conclusions. The model provides a valid tool for evaluating the long-term effectiveness of CAD risk screening in Germany. Using statins as a primary prevention intervention for CAD in high-risk individuals identified by screening could improve the long-term health of the German population.