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Relevant bibliographies by topics / High Speed Probes

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Academic literature on the topic 'High Speed Probes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "High Speed Probes"

1

Richter, C., P. Weinzierl, W. Engl, C. Penzkofer, B. Irmer, and T. Sulzbach. "Cantilever probes for high speed AFM." Microsystem Technologies 18, no. 7-8 (2012): 1119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00542-012-1454-8.

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Fahrbach, Michael, Sebastian Friedrich, Brunero Cappella, and Erwin Peiner. "Calibrating a high-speed contact-resonance profilometer." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 9, no. 2 (2020): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-179-2020.

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Abstract. A European EMPIR project, which aims to use large-scale, 5 mm × 200 µm × 50 µm (L×W×H), piezoresistive microprobes for contact resonance applications, a well-established measurement mode of atomic force microscopes (AFMs), is being funded. As the probes used in this project are much larger in size than typical AFM probes, however, some of the simplifications and assumptions made for AFM probes are not applicable. This study presents a guide on how to systematically create a model that replicates the dynamic behavior of microprobes. The model includes variables such as air damping, nonlinear sensitivities, and frequency dependencies. The finished model is then verified by analyzing a series of measurements.

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Schmirler, Michal. "Flight Speed Evaluation Using a Special Multi-Element High-Speed Temperature Probe." Aerospace 9, no. 4 (2022): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9040185.

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In the context of aircraft aerodynamics, the compressibility of air flowing around the aircraft must always be considered. This fact brings with it one inconvenience: to evaluate the velocity of the flowing air (airspeed), it is necessary to know its temperature as well. Unfortunately, direct measurement of the temperature of air flowing at high speed (usually at Ma > 0.3) is practically impossible without knowledge of its velocity. Thus, there are two unknown quantities in the problem that depend on each other. The solution is achieved by a method that uses temperature probes composed of multiple sensors with different properties (different recovery factors). The comparison of rendered temperatures subsequently allows the elimination of the necessary knowledge of static temperature and the evaluation of velocity. In this paper, one of such probes is described together with its thermodynamic properties and possible applications.

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4

Croft, D., D. McAllister, and S. Devasia. "High-Speed Scanning of Piezo-Probes for Nano-fabrication." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 120, no. 3 (1998): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2830166.

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Low scanning speed of piezo-probes has been a fundamental limitation of scanning probe based nano-fabrication techniques. Typical scan-rates achieved are limited, by structural vibrations of the piezo-probe, to about 1/10th the fundamental vibrational frequency of the piezo-probe. Faster scanning of piezo-probes is achieved here (experimental results are presented) by using inversion of the piezo-dynamics—this approach uses a feedforward input voltage, applied to piezo-probe, to compensate for piezo vibrations.

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5

Kang, Yi Hua, Jun Tu, Jian Bo Wu, and Yan Hua Sun. "The High-Speed Ultrasonic Testing Method for Steel Pipes Based on Linear Reciprocating Probes." Advanced Materials Research 301-303 (July 2011): 919–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.301-303.919.

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This paper presents the high-speed ultrasonic testing methods for steel pipes currently, and points the existing difficulties, such as the instability in signal transmission, the problem of water coupling, and so on. Then the inspection method based on linear reciprocating probes is proposed to achieve the purpose of fewer probes and higher detecting speed. The mathematics model which adopts the slider-crank mechanism to realize the probes swinging fast in line is established as there is blind spot between the adjacent probes in high-speed inspection. With the help of simulation of Matlab, the relation curve between the rotation speed of crank and the rotation angle of crank is acquired, as well as the line speed of the steel pipe and the rotation angle of crank. The experiment platform is set up according to the simulation data, and the results verify the feasibility of the method.

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Imperatori, Giona, Paolo Cunzolo, Dragan Cvetkov, and Diego Barrettino. "Wireless Surface Electromyography Probes With Four High-Speed Channels." IEEE Sensors Journal 13, no. 8 (2013): 2954–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsen.2013.2260145.

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7

Conn, D., H. X. Wu, and M. Zhang. "Full wave electromagnetic simulation of electrooptic high-speed probes." Optical and Quantum Electronics 28, no. 7 (1996): 765–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00820148.

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8

Rabjohn, G., J. Wolczanski, and R. Surridge. "High-frequency wafer-probing techniques." Canadian Journal of Physics 65, no. 8 (1987): 850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p87-130.

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High-speed digital and microwave circuits have traditionally been tested by dicing wafers and mounting chips into high-frequency test carriers. This process is expensive, time consuming, and destructive. Methods of high-frequency measurement at the wafer stage are very desirable; for example, for wafer mapping, but conventional needle probes cannot be used because of their parasitics. New probe structures based on fine coaxial lines, vertically mounted microstrip lines, and tapered coplanar lines have been reported.For measurement at microwave frequencies (2–20 GHz), we have developed a geometry of a coplanar wave-guide probe that gives better than 10 dB return loss. Individual monolithic components can easily be measured and modelled for inclusion in a circuit simulation.For the measurement of digital circuits, especially those requiring several high-speed signal lines, we have used proprietary microstrip probes. Satisfactory operation up to about 2 Gbit∙s−1 has been observed, the upper bit rate being restricted by the inductance of the probe tip.Microwave-frequency and time-domain measurements of both types of probes have been made and will be discussed. Additionally, examples of the use of these probes for on-wafer measurements of digital and analog circuits will be given.

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9

Mistry, Aashutosh. "Electrochemical high-speed AFM dynamically probes fast-charging battery materials." MRS Bulletin 45, no. 12 (2020): 984–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2020.309.

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10

Korolev, Alexei, Edward Emery, and Kirk Creelman. "Modification and Tests of Particle Probe Tips to Mitigate Effects of Ice Shattering." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 4 (2013): 690–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-12-00142.1.

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Abstract Ice particle shattering may significantly contaminate measurements taken by airborne particle probes in ice clouds. Environment Canada and the NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) undertook efforts to modify and test probe tips in order to mitigate the effect of shattering on measurements. This work presents an overview of the results obtained during the design work on the particle probe arm tips. Even though this work was focused on the modifications of three of the probes—Particle Measuring Systems Inc. (PMS) Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe and optical array probe, and Droplet Measurement Technologies (DMT) Cloud Imaging Probe—the outcomes of this work bear a general character and are applicable to other similar instruments. The results of the airflow analysis around the probe’s housing and the simulations of particle bouncing from the probe tips are discussed here. The originally designed and modified tips were tested in a high-speed wind tunnel in ice and liquid sprays. The ice particle bouncing processes as well as patterns of water shedding over the surface of the probes arms were studied with the help of a high-speed video camera. It was found that at aircraft speed, after bouncing from a solid surface, ice particles may travel several centimeters across the airflow and bounce forward up to 1 cm. For the first time it has been directly documented with high-speed video recording that the sample volumes of particle probes with the originally designed tips are contaminated by shattered and bounced particles. A set of recommendations on the existing modification and the design of future particle probe housings is presented.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "High Speed Probes"

1

Hadizadeh, Rameen. "Novel probe structures for high-speed atomic force microscopy." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37203.

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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has become an indispensable metrology tool for nanoscale surface characterization. Today, research and industry demand faster and more accurate metrology and these demands must be met expediently. Traditional AFM cantilevers and associated actuators (i.e. piezoelectric) are limited in regards to actuation speed and resonance frequency presenting the user with an undesired trade-off of speed versus resolution. Based on a pre-existing technology known as the FIRAT (Force Sensing Integrated Readout and Active Tip) AFM probe, this work aims to remedy actuation and response issues by implementing a cantilever-on-cantilever probe as well as a novel seesaw probe. Both cases implement electrostatic actuation, eliminating the need for piezoelectrics while demonstrating large - micron scale - actuation and sensitive displacement detection. These new probe designs can potentially demonstrate a wide bandwidth frequency response (e.g. 100 kHz) ideal for high-speed video-rate imaging. Unlike traditional AFM cantilevers, this is realized by mechanically coupling two physically separate structures to provide a soft resonator sensor atop a stiff actuator structure. Common surface-micromachining techniques are utilized to solve the logistical challenge of fabricating these stacked structures. By manipulating the viscous damping and mechanical mode coupling it becomes feasible to attain the aforementioned desired dynamic characteristics.

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2

Perret, Matias Nicholas. "Local optical phase detection probes with an application to a high speed boundary layer." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2129.

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This thesis presents the continued development of micro optical phase detection instrumentation capable of measuring void fraction, interfacial area density, interfacial velocity and bubble sizes and their application to measurements in a high speed boundary layer. The instrumentation consists of micro sized sapphire tipped probes tailored to measure in the two-phase flow of air bubbles in water. Probe tips with geometries intended to maximize field life while minimizing intrusiveness were designed, fabricated and characterized. The characterization revealed that the active region of a probe tip can go beyond the highly sensitive 45 degree tip. Controlling the active length of the tips can be achieved through a combination of taper angles and 45 degree tip size, with larger tips having shorter active lengths. The full scale bubbly flow measurements were performed on a 6 m flat bottom survey boat. The aforementioned quantities were measured on bubbles naturally entrained at the bow of the boat. Probes were positioned at the bow of the boat, near the entrainment region and at the stern where the bubbles exit after having interacted with the high shear turbulent boundary layer. Experiments were conducted in fresh water, at the Coralville Lake, IA, and salt water, at the St. Andrews Bay and Gulf Coast near Panama City, FL. The results indicate that the bubbles interact significantly with the boundary layer. At low speeds, in fresh water, bubble accumulation and coalescence is evident by the presence of large bubbles at the stern. At high speeds, in both fresh and salt water, bubble breakup dominates and very small bubbles are produced near the hull of the boat. It was observed that salt water inhibits coalescence, even at low boat speeds. Void fraction was seen to increase with boat speeds above 10 knots and peaks near the wall. Bubble velocities show slip with the wall at all speeds and exhibit large RMS fluctuations, increasing near the wall.

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3

Pollard, Mark Robert. "The development of novel force probes, high speed imaging and electronics to enhance optical trapping experiments." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544018.

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4

Wu, Xiaohua. "Field simulation and calibration in external electro-optic sampling /." *McMaster only, 1996.

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5

Jeong, Younkoo. "HIGH SPEED ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1236701109.

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Lebel, David. "Statistical inverse problem in nonlinear high-speed train dynamics." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC2189/document.

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Ce travail de thèse traite du développement d'une méthode de télédiagnostique de l'état de santé des suspensions des trains à grande vitesse à partir de mesures de la réponse dynamique du train en circulation par des accéléromètres embarqués. Un train en circulation est un système dynamique dont l'excitation provient des irrégularités de la géométrie de la voie ferrée. Ses éléments de suspension jouent un rôle fondamental de sécurité et de confort. La réponse dynamique du train étant dépendante des caractéristiques mécaniques des éléments de suspension, il est possible d'obtenir en inverse des informations sur l'état de ces éléments à partir de mesures accélérométriques embarquées. Connaître l'état de santé réel des suspensions permettrait d'améliorer la maintenance des trains. D’un point de vue mathématique, la méthode de télédiagnostique proposée consiste à résoudre un problème statistique inverse. Elle s'appuie sur un modèle numérique de dynamique ferroviaire et prend en compte l'incertitude de modèle ainsi que les erreurs de mesures. Les paramètres mécaniques associés aux éléments de suspension sont identifiés par calibration Bayésienne à partir de mesures simultanées des entrées (les irrégularités de la géométrie de la voie) et sorties (la réponse dynamique du train) du système. La calibration Bayésienne classique implique le calcul de la fonction de vraisemblance à partir du modèle stochastique de réponse et des données expérimentales. Le modèle numérique étant numériquement coûteux d'une part, ses entrées et sorties étant fonctionnelles d'autre part, une méthode de calibration Bayésienne originale est proposée. Elle utilise un métamodèle par processus Gaussien de la fonction de vraisemblance. Cette thèse présente comment un métamodèle aléatoire peut être utilisé pour estimer la loi de probabilité des paramètres du modèle. La méthode proposée permet la prise en compte du nouveau type d'incertitude induit par l'utilisation d'un métamodèle. Cette prise en compte est nécessaire pour une estimation correcte de la précision de la calibration. La nouvelle méthode de calibration Bayésienne a été testée sur le cas applicatif ferroviaire, et a produit des résultats concluants. La validation a été faite par expériences numériques. Par ailleurs, l'évolution à long terme des paramètres mécaniques de suspensions a été étudiée à partir de mesures réelles de la réponse dynamique du train<br>The work presented here deals with the development of a health-state monitoring method for high-speed train suspensions using in-service measurements of the train dynamical response by embedded acceleration sensors. A rolling train is a dynamical system excited by the track-geometry irregularities. The suspension elements play a key role for the ride safety and comfort. The train dynamical response being dependent on the suspensions mechanical characteristics, information about the suspensions state can be inferred from acceleration measurements in the train by embedded sensors. This information about the actual suspensions state would allow for providing a more efficient train maintenance. Mathematically, the proposed monitoring solution consists in solving a statistical inverse problem. It is based on a train-dynamics computational model, and takes into account the model uncertainty and the measurement errors. A Bayesian calibration approach is adopted to identify the probability distribution of the mechanical parameters of the suspension elements from joint measurements of the system input (the track-geometry irregularities) and output (the train dynamical response).Classical Bayesian calibration implies the computation of the likelihood function using the stochastic model of the system output and experimental data. To cope with the fact that each run of the computational model is numerically expensive, and because of the functional nature of the system input and output, a novel Bayesian calibration method using a Gaussian-process surrogate model of the likelihood function is proposed. This thesis presents how such a random surrogate model can be used to estimate the probability distribution of the model parameters. The proposed method allows for taking into account the new type of uncertainty induced by the use of a surrogate model, which is necessary to correctly assess the calibration accuracy. The novel Bayesian calibration method has been tested on the railway application and has achieved conclusive results. Numerical experiments were used for validation. The long-term evolution of the suspension mechanical parameters has been studied using actual measurements of the train dynamical response

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7

Casadei, Francesco. "Experimental investigation of the flow behind a probe rake: a similarity analysis for high speed applications." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/4887/.

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8

Haag, Maria. "Problems concerning pantograph collection of current during winter for high speed trains." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-99339.

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The idea of making this report was to try and shed light on the many problems of pantograph collection of current during winter time for high speed trains. The greatest difference between Sweden and other countries who already have built high speed rails is our yearly severe winter conditions. The problem about pantograph collection during winter is that the contact between the pantograph and the contact wire gets worse if ice isolates in between those two. That creates electric arcs that can harm both the pantograph and the overhead contact wire. For a high speed track the problems are expected to be even greater. It’s important that the Swedish Transport Administration, at an early stage, learns what causes the delays and the unwanted stops. My work started by doing a thorough literature study, where I tried to summon the overhead contact line theory from a winter perspective. After this a number of attempts have been made to illustrate different solutions on how to avoid that ice stays on the overhead contact line or the pantograph. In the first attempt I examined the thickness the ice would get on the contact wire if the air temperature suddenly fell from 0 C till  5 C and super cooled rain would fall for an entire 24-hour period. In my second attempt I tried the possibility to use a heated pantograph combined with an ice scraper. I used an American ice scraper as basic idea, but modified the contact strip part and made its shape cylindrical and hollow. The idea was that the scraper would reduce the ice on the wire and that the heated brass contact strip would melt the rest. In attempt three I looked into other materials that would be more suited for winter climate. As suspected the already existing materials, are not good enough and the futuristic ones are too expensive at the present time. Attempt number four was all about heating the contact wire with a magnetron that was going to be assembled on the pantograph. Unfortunately this result was not a success as it turned out that ice does not heat very well from microwaves. In the fifth attempt I focused on ice scrapers by studying tribology. Using an ice scraper may work, but probably best in combination with some of the other methods. Testing how this would be done in the best way will take some time. In the sixth attempt I looked into the possibility of heating the contact wire by adding extra current to the system. This is the way of handling the problem that I believe to be the most promising. In addition to these approaches, a simulation was made to show a phase change in the computer program Comsol.<br>Syftet med examensarbetet är att belysa problematiken kring strömavtagning vintertid för hög-hastighetståg. De största skillnaderna mellan Sverige och många andra länder som redan byggt höghastighetsbanor är, att vi årligen drabbas av kraftig vinter och de länder som har vinter oftast har annan kraftförsörjning. Problemet med strömavtagning vintertid är att kontakten mellan strömavtagare och kontaktledning försämras om det ligger is emellan. Då skapas överslag i form av ljusbågar som då sliter hårt på både strömavtagare och kontaktledning. För en höghastig-hetsbana förväntas problemen öka ytterligare. En stor del av poängen med att bygga en sådan är att vinna tid, så om banan drabbas av frekventa störningar under vinterhalvåret är vitsen borta. Det är viktigt att Trafikverket redan i ett tidigt skede får klart för sig orsaken. Arbetet började med en grundlig litteraturstudie där jag försökte sammanställa kontaktlednings-teorin med utgångspunkten vinter med fokus på åtgärder. Jag använde därefter sex olika ansatser, på olika sätt att förhindra isbildning på kontakttråd och slitskena. I den första undersökningen tog jag reda på vilken istjocklek det skulle bli på kontaktledningen om lufttemperaturen sjönk momentant från till och det kontinuerligt skulle regna underkylt under 1 dygn. C 0 C  5 I den andra undersökningen utredde jag möjligheten att använda en varm strömavtagare kombin-erad med isskrapa. Jag använde en amerikansk grundidé men modifierade mässingslitdelen samt gjorde den cylindrisk och ihålig. Tanken var sedan att skrapan skulle reducera isen till max 3 mm på tråden och att det uppvärmda mässingsröret skulle klara att smälta resten. I undersökning tre tittade jag på möjligheten att välja bättre material ur vintersynpunkt. Som jag misstänkte har de alternativa, redan befintliga materialen idag stora nackdelar och de framtida en tid kvar innan de blir prisvärda. Fjärde undersökningen gick ut på att värma kontakttråden med en magnetron monterad på slitskenan. Detta försök var inte helt lyckat, eftersom is inte värms speciellt bra av mikrovågor. I undersökning fem fokuserade jag på isskrapor och för detta krävdes en fördjupning inom ämnet tribologi. En isskrapa skulle kunna användas, men då troligen i kombination till någon av de övriga metoderna. Att testa ut hur detta skulle göras på bästa sätt kommer att ta lång tid. Den sjätte ansatsen behandlade uppvärmning av kontaktledningen med hjälp av krypström. Denna lösning är nog den jag personligen tror mest på. Dessutom modellerade jag en fasomvandling och förutspådde dess påverkan på värmeöver-föringsförmågan genom att göra en simulering i dataprogrammet Comsol.

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9

Tong, Tsz Kin Jimmy. "A finite element approach to the planing problem of high speed craft." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278920.

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Raavi, Venkata Suresh. "A Novel Approach to Dilemma Zone Problem for High Speed Signalized Intersections." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1268252216.

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Books on the topic "High Speed Probes"

1

Positional judgment, high-speed game analysis. Ishi Press, 1990.

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Cho, Chiʻi-hun. Positional judgment, high-speed game analysis. Ishi Press, 1990.

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P, Cushman Donald, ed. Organizational teamwork in high-speed management. State University of New York Press, 1995.

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Adaskin, Anatoliy. Improving the efficiency of tools made of high-speed steels and hard alloys. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1248244.

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The monograph is devoted to improving the efficiency of forming tools made from the most used tool materials: high-speed steels and hard alloys. For tools made of high-speed steels, a comparative assessment of the standards of industrially developed countries and the Russian Federation was carried out. The characteristic of operational and technological properties is given. High-speed steels and technologies are recommended to increase the efficiency of the tool. Recommendations on the types of tools are given. The properties of hard alloys and the areas of their rational application are analyzed. The structural materials of prefabricated and soldered tools are considered. Recommendations on the choice of hard alloys are given, directions for the creation of new compositions of hard alloys to increase the efficiency of the tool in the processing of hard-to-process heat-resistant steels and alloys are shown. It is intended for engineering, technical and scientific workers of the metallurgical and manufacturing industries. It can be used in the preparation of masters, postgraduates of technological universities.

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Federighi, Paolo, and Francesca Torlone, eds. Low skilled take their qualifications "one step up". Firenze University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-179-3.

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Adult learning is recognized as a key component of lifelong learning and Member States are required to remove barriers to participation, to increase overall quality and efficiency in adult learning, to speed up the process of validation and recognition and to ensure sufficient investment in and monitoring of the field (European Commission, 2006, 2007; European Parliament, 2008; European Council, 2008). It is unanimously recognized that adult learning can play a pivotal role in meeting the goals of the Lisbon Strategy, by fostering social cohesion, providing citizens with the skills required to find new jobs and helping Europe to better respond to the challenges of globalisation. Such needs are taken into consideration in this Volume where the main issues faced are related to what 33 European countries have been doing in order to raise the skills levels of low-skilled workers, address the problem of the high number of early school leavers, combat social exclusion, ensure the efficiency, effectiveness, quality of adult learning.

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Bogumil, Veniamin, and Sarango Duke. Telematics on urban passenger transport. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1819882.

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The monograph discusses the application of telematics in dispatch control systems in urban passenger transport. The role of telematics as a technological basis in automating the solution of control tasks, accounting and analysis of the volume and quality of transport work in modern dispatch control systems on urban passenger transport is shown. Analytical models have been developed to estimate the capacity of a high-speed bus transportation system on a dedicated line. Mathematical models and algorithms for predicting passenger vehicle interior filling at critical stages of urban passenger transport routes are presented. The issues of application of the concept of the phase space of states introduced by the authors to assess the quality of the passenger transportation process on the route of urban passenger transport are described. The developed classification of service levels and their application in order to inform passengers at stopping points about the degree of filling of the passenger compartment of the arriving vehicle is described. The material is based on the results of theoretical research and practical work on the creation and implementation of automated control systems for urban passenger transport in Russian cities. The material of M.H. Duque Sarango's dissertation submitted for the degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences in the specialty 05.22.10 "Operation of motor transport" was used. It will be useful to specialists in the field of telematics on urban passenger transport.

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Wittman, David M. Reasoning with Frames and Spacetime Diagrams. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199658633.003.0004.

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To prepare for the high‐speed world where Galilean relativity breaks down, we now practice the skill of thinking in different frames. Practicing this in our familiar lowspeed world will help us avoid cognitive overload when we enter the more counterintuitive high‐speed world. We examine two problems that illustrate the process of thinking in different frames. Te frst is a brain‐teaser that suddenly becomes easier in a particular frame; the second is a classic problem from introductory physics that we can solve in a new way using symmetry and frame‐based thinking tools alone. Along the way, we will learn how to use the spacetime diagram, a major tool that will appear throughout this book. Te chapter concludes with another look at accelerated vs. inertial frames, from the spacetime diagram point of view

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Wittman, David M. The Twin Paradox. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199658633.003.0010.

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To prepare for the high‐speed world where Galilean relativity breaks down, we now practice the skill of thinking in different frames. Practicing this in our familiar lowspeed world will help us avoid cognitive overload when we enter the more counterintuitive high‐speed world. We examine two problems that illustrate the process of thinking in different frames. Te frst is a brain‐teaser that suddenly becomes easier in a particular frame; the second is a classic problem from introductory physics that we can solve in a new way using symmetry and frame-based thinking tools alone. Along the way, we will learn how to use the spacetime diagram, a major tool that will appear throughout this book. Te chapter concludes with another look at accelerated vs. inertial frames, from the spacetime diagram point of view.

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9

Global Teams: How Top Multinationals Span Boundaries and Cultures with High-Speed Teamwork. Davies-Black Publishing, 2001.

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Anderson, James A. An Engineer’s Introduction to Neuroscience. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199357789.003.0006.

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When building something, it is essential to know the hardware. This chapter contains key things to know about the active components of the brain: nerve cells (aka neurons). Neurons have severe performance limitations. Problems include high energy consumption, mechanical and physiological sensitivity, unreliability, limited connectivity, and difficulty in wiring neurons together. Neurons are at least a million times slower to “compute” than a modern electronic device. This slow speed cannot be avoided because the neuron has to deal with high electrical capacity and resistance and slow conduction times to move information from neuron to neuron. A specialization called the action potential serves as a long-distance communications mechanism. However, the neuron also has major virtues including the ability to integrate, communicate, and process information from multiple sources, and it acts like a tiny electrochemical analog computer.

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Book chapters on the topic "High Speed Probes"

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Ando, Toshio. "High-Speed SPM." In Roadmap of Scanning Probe Microscopy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-34315-8_14.

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Friedman, Avner. "High speed coating of optical fibers." In Mathematics in Industrial Problems. Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7405-7_2.

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Sugawara, Yasuhiro, Yan Jun Li, Yoshitaka Naitoh, and Masami Kageshima. "Development of High-Speed Actuator for Scanning Probe Microscopy." In Next-Generation Actuators Leading Breakthroughs. Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-991-6_5.

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Aydogan, Benhar, Yusuf Öner, Metin Ersoz, Selami Kesler, and Mustafa Tumbek. "High Power Density and High Speed Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator Design." In Artificial Intelligence and Applied Mathematics in Engineering Problems. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36178-5_52.

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Valdmanis, J. A., and S. S. Pei. "A Non-contact Electro-optic Prober for High Speed Integrated Circuits." In Picosecond Electronics and Optoelectronics II. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72970-6_2.

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Hazra, S. B. "Computation of High-speed Flow Using Non-Oscillatory Scheme." In Hyperbolic Problems: Theory, Numerics, Applications. Birkhäuser Basel, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8720-5_50.

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Sewisy, Adel A. "Detection of Circular Object with a High Speed Algorithm." In Intelligent Problem Solving. Methodologies and Approaches. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45049-1_62.

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Huse, Timo, and Laura Rehberg. "The Potential of High Speed Sintering for Small Series in the Automotive Industry." In Advances in Automotive Production Technology – Towards Software-Defined Manufacturing and Resilient Supply Chains. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27933-1_29.

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AbstractIndividualization in the high-performance segment within the automotive industry is becoming increasingly important. Especially when small volumes are required, conventional manufacturing processes often no longer prove profitable. The use of additive processes in general and high-speed sintering (HSS) in particular offer the freedom to produce complex organic shapes in a cost-effective and resource-saving manner from batch size one onwards. The HSS process is a powder bed-based additive manufacturing process in which thermoplastics are sintered at a constant layer time using an infrared lamp instead of a laserFor this reason, we shed light on the use of high-speed sintering specifically for small components in low-volume production. More precisely, we add the process-specific properties of high-speed sintering to Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) rules. We propose an approach that also enables a time-saving alternative to conventional manufacturing processes and optimizes the design process for the use of high-speed sintering.

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Vasilchenko, Sergei A., Sergei P. Cherny, and Vladimir N. Khrulkov. "High-Speed Energy-Efficient Power Sources for Electromechanical Systems." In Current Problems and Ways of Industry Development: Equipment and Technologies. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69421-0_14.

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Nagornov, N. N., N. F. Semyonova, and A. S. Abdulsalyamova. "High-Speed Wavelet Image Processing Using the Winograd Method." In Current Problems in Applied Mathematics and Computer Science and Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34127-4_36.

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Conference papers on the topic "High Speed Probes"

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Held, M., and P. Nikowitsch. "Multi Stage Fibre Optic Probes." In 16th International Congress on High Speed Photography and Photonics, edited by Michel L. Andre and Manfred Hugenschmidt. SPIE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.967986.

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Goosman, David R., James T. Wade, Raul Garza, et al. "Optical probes for continuous Fabry-Perot velocimetry inside materials." In 26th International Congress on High-Speed Photography and Photonics, edited by Dennis L. Paisley, Stuart Kleinfelder, Donald R. Snyder, and Brian J. Thompson. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.566589.

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Richter, C., P. Weinzierl, O. Krause, et al. "Microfabricated ultrashort cantilever probes for high speed AFM." In SPIE Microtechnologies, edited by Ulrich Schmid, José Luis Sánchez-Rojas, and Monika Leester-Schaedel. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.886410.

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Croft, Donald, David McAllister, and Santosh Devasia. "High-Speed Scanning of Piezo-Probes for Nano-Fabrication." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-1184.

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Abstract Low scanning speed of piezo-probes has been a fundamental limitation of scanning probe based nano-fabrication techniques. Typical scan-rates achieved are limited, by structural vibrations of the piezo-probe, to about 1/10th the fundamental vibrational frequency of the piezo-probe. Faster scanning of piezo-probes is achieved here (experimental results are presented) by using inversion of the piezo-dynamics — this approach uses a feedforward input voltage, applied to piezo-probe, to compensate for piezo vibrations.

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Goosman, David R., George R. Avara, and Stephen J. Perry. "Efficient optical probes for fast surface velocimetry: multiple frequency issues for Fabry and VISAR methods." In 24th International Congress on High-Speed Photography and Photonics, edited by Kazuyoshi Takayama, Tsutomo Saito, Harald Kleine, and Eugene V. Timofeev. SPIE, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.424305.

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Zhang, X. C., and R. K. Jain. "Analysis Of High Speed GaAs ICs With Electro-Optic Probes." In Semiconductor Conferences, edited by Ravinder K. Jain. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.940953.

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Salling, C. T. "Quantitative E-beam Probe for Valid High-Speed Measurements." In ISTFA 1999. ASM International, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa1999p0087.

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Abstract This paper presents the results of a study to assess the timing measurement capabilities of e-beam probes and how they compare to mechanical probes in terms of sampling time, accuracy, and repeatability. Analysis of the data indicates that the transient response of mechanical probes is prone to overshoot and ringing, which contributes significantly to measurement error and uncertainty. E-beam probes, on the other hand, are subject to charging effects and interference which, as the authors show, can be effectively eliminated, facilitating high-speed timing measurements accurate to within a few picoseconds.

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Coldrick, Simon, Paul Ivey, and Roger Wells. "Considerations for Using 3D Pneumatic Probes in High Speed Axial Compressors." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30045.

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This paper describes preparatory work towards three dimensional flowfield measurements downstream of the rotor in an industrial, multistage, axial compressor, using a pneumatic pressure probe. The probe is of the steady state four hole cobra probe type. The design manufacture and calibration of the probe is described. CFD calculations have been undertaken in order to assess the feasability of using such a probe in the high speed compressor environment where space is limited. This includes effects of mounting the probe in close proximity to the downstream stator blades and whether it is necessary to adjust the calibration data to compensate for these effects.

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Georgakis, C., I. Bennett, and P. C. Ivey. "Fast Response Probes Measuring Unsteady Flows in High-Speed Research Compressors." In ASME Turbo Expo 2003, collocated with the 2003 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2003-38160.

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It is well recognised that multi-sensor fast response probes are widely used on several applications concerning unsteady flow measurements. Often the size of these probes is larger than ideal. It is probably this reason that the single sensor probes are sometimes preferred in the survey of the unsteady flows in the turbomachinery applications. This in turn can be of benefit due to the limited space often found in compressors. The advent of these miniature probes has been made possible due to the availability of small sensors capable of withstanding relatively high temperatures. There is no doubt that as the technology improves, the size of the probes is likely to be reduced. This will make it possible to use these probes in lower cost, smaller scale facilities. The behavior of a fast response probe is examined in detail prior to the presentation of a set of unsteady measurements acquired near the impeller tip region. The data obtained from the calibration routine is then compared with the actual measurements. Errors that could possibly be arising due to temperature drift of the sensor are taken into account and reduced to a minimum. The fast response probe is largely sensitive to pressure fluctuations that, after correction with temperature, result in an actual pressure reading. The sensitivity of the probe has proved to be adequate for measurement of flow direction and total pressure over a broad angular range. The simple geometry and small size of the probe contributes to a reduction in the blockage effects, the enhancement of the near wall measurements, the reduction of the run-time costs, and raise the confidence in the experiment. This fast response probe was extensively used to traverse the blade passage width. Detailed measurements clearly showed that strong pulsations dominate the distorted impeller exit flow.

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Delaville, Fernando J., Richard A. Tuft, and Fredric S. Fay. "High-speed stroboscopic multispectral imaging of fluorescent probes in living cells." In OE/LASE '90, 14-19 Jan., Los Angeles, CA, edited by Louis C. Smith. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.17782.

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Reports on the topic "High Speed Probes"

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Newcomb, N. High-Speed Active Integrators for Magnetic Probes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1673199.

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Plotkin, Serge. Optimization Problems in High-Speed Networks. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada411858.

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M. Clark Dale. High Speed/ Low Effluent Process for Ethanol. Bio-Process Innovation, Inc, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/899338.

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Downing, W. Logan, Howell Li, William T. Morgan, Cassandra McKee, and Darcy M. Bullock. Using Probe Data Analytics for Assessing Freeway Speed Reductions during Rain Events. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317350.

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Rain impacts roadways such as wet pavement, standing water, decreased visibility, and wind gusts and can lead to hazardous driving conditions. This study investigates the use of high fidelity Doppler data at 1 km spatial and 2-minute temporal resolution in combination with commercial probe speed data on freeways. Segment-based space-mean speeds were used and drops in speeds during rainfall events of 5.5 mm/hour or greater over a one-month period on a section of four to six-lane interstate were assessed. Speed reductions were evaluated as a time series over a 1-hour window with the rain data. Three interpolation methods for estimating rainfall rates were tested and seven metrics were developed for the analysis. The study found sharp drops in speed of more than 40 mph occurred at estimated rainfall rates of 30 mm/hour or greater, but the drops did not become more severe beyond this threshold. The average time of first detected rainfall to impacting speeds was 17 minutes. The bilinear method detected the greatest number of events during the 1-month period, with the most conservative rate of predicted rainfall. The range of rainfall intensities were estimated between 7.5 to 106 mm/hour for the 39 events. This range was much greater than the heavy rainfall categorization at 16 mm/hour in previous studies reported in the literature. The bilinear interpolation method for Doppler data is recommended because it detected the greatest number of events and had the longest rain duration and lowest estimated maximum rainfall out of three methods tested, suggesting the method balanced awareness of the weather conditions around the roadway with isolated, localized rain intensities.

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Aguiar, Brandon, Paul Bianco, and Arvind Agarwal. Using High-Speed Imaging and Machine Learning to Capture Ultrasonic Treatment Cavitation Area at Different Amplitudes. Florida International University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25148/mmeurs.009773.

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The ultrasonic treatment process strengthens metals by increasing nucleation and decreasing grain size in an energy efficient way, without having to add anything to the material. The goal of this research endeavor was to use machine learning to automatically measure cavitation area in the Ultrasonic Treatment process to understand how amplitude influences cavitation area. For this experiment, a probe was placed into a container filled with turpentine because it has a similar viscosity to liquid aluminum. The probe gyrates up and down tens of micrometers at a frequency of 20 kHz, which causes cavitations to form in the turpentine. Each experimental trial ran for 5 seconds. We took footage on a high-speed camera running the UST probe from 20% to 35% amplitude in increments of 1%. Our research examined how the amplitude of the probe changed the cavitation area per unit time. It was vital to get a great contrast between the cavitations and the turpentine so that we could train a machine learning model to measure the cavitation area in a software called Dragonfly. We observed that as amplitude increased, average cavitation area also increased. Plotting cavitation area versus time shows that the cavitation area for a given amplitude increases and decreases in a wave-like pattern as time passes.

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Jamison, Keith, Leif Fredin, and Andrew Milder. Low Cost, High speed multi-probe monitoring system for subsurface gases. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1576751.

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Author, Not Given. TriQuint CRADA final report. [SQWFET/MODFET process development of high-speed integrated circuits]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10129749.

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Olsen, Daniel, and Azer Yalin. L52360 NOx Reduction Through Improved Precombustion Chamber Design. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011536.

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several objectives were Several objectives were completed. First, a literature review was performed to assess the current technological state of prechambers. This includes state of the art design, reliability surveys, and proven prechamber design criteria. This is an enabling tool for developing new prechamber concepts for year 2 of the project. The prioritized concepts are (in order): - Improved prechamber geometry - apply high speed engine prechamber design and scale up for large bore engines. - Adiabatic prechamber - traditional prechamber will ceramic lining to reduce heat transfer to the prechamber cooling jacket - Natural Gas Reforming - reform prechamber natural gas (roughly 3% of total engine fueling) into CO and hydrogen for low emission, high flame speed ignition. - Micro Prechamber Geometry - non-fueled and fueled micro prechambers for igniting lean engine mixtures with low NOx contribution on engine out emissions (2 concepts). - Develop diagnostic tools to evaluate the performance of prechamber concepts. The tools developed were combustion visualization utilizing high speed cameras, heat release analysis, and spectroscopy.

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Chandra, Shailesh, Timothy Thai, Vivek Mishra, and Princeton Wong. Evaluating Innovative Financing Mechanisms for the California High-Speed Rail Project. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2047.

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Millions of dollars are involved in high-speed rail (HSR) infrastructure construction and maintenance. Large-scale projects like HSR require funding from a variety of avenues beyond those available through public monies. Although HSR serves the general public’s mobility needs, any funds (whether State or Federal) flowing from the public exchequer usually undergo strict review and scrutiny. Funds from public agencies are always limited, making such traditional financing mechanisms unsustainable for fulfilling HSR’s long-term operational and maintenance cost needs—on top of initial costs involved in construction. Therefore, any sustainable means of financing HSR projects would always be welcome. This research presents an alternate revenue generation mechanism that could be sustainable for financing HSR’s construction, operation, and maintenance. The methodology involves determining key HSR stations, which, after development and improvement, could significantly add value to businesses and real estate growth. Any form of real estate taxes levied on properties surrounding such stations could substantially support the HSR project’s funding needs. In this research, a bi-objective optimization problem is posed in conjunction with a Pareto-optimal front framework to identify those key stations. With 28 California HSR stations used as an example, it was observed that the four proposed HSR stations in Fullerton, Millbrae-SFO, San Francisco Transbay Terminal, and San Diego would be excellent candidates for development. Their development could increase the economic vitality of surrounding businesses. The findings could serve as valuable information for California HSR authorities to focus on developing key stations that would generate an alternate funding source for an HSR project facing funding challenges.

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Ruvinsky, Alicia, Timothy Garton, Daniel Chausse, Rajeev Agrawal, Harland Yu, and Ernest Miller. Accelerating the tactical decision process with High-Performance Computing (HPC) on the edge : motivation, framework, and use cases. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42169.

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Managing the ever-growing volume and velocity of data across the battlefield is a critical problem for warfighters. Solving this problem will require a fundamental change in how battlefield analyses are performed. A new approach to making decisions on the battlefield will eliminate data transport delays by moving the analytical capabilities closer to data sources. Decision cycles depend on the speed at which data can be captured and converted to actionable information for decision making. Real-time situational awareness is achieved by locating computational assets at the tactical edge. Accelerating the tactical decision process leverages capabilities in three technology areas: (1) High-Performance Computing (HPC), (2) Machine Learning (ML), and (3) Internet of Things (IoT). Exploiting these areas can reduce network traffic and shorten the time required to transform data into actionable information. Faster decision cycles may revolutionize battlefield operations. Presented is an overview of an artificial intelligence (AI) system design for near-real-time analytics in a tactical operational environment executing on co-located, mobile HPC hardware. The report contains the following sections, (1) an introduction describing motivation, background, and state of technology, (2) descriptions of tactical decision process leveraging HPC problem definition and use case, and (3) HPC tactical data analytics framework design enabling data to decisions.

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