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V, Kanchana, and Sri Ranjini S. "Investigation and Study of Vital Factors in Selection, Implementation and Satisfaction of ERP in Small and Medium Scale Industries." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 8, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 1150. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v8i2.pp1150-1155.
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Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in India are the most productive job designers and forerunners in developing new ideas in the field of business. SMEs not only play a vital role in providing large scale employment openings at reasonably lower capital than large businesses but also help in industrialization of rural areas in India. SMEs are complementary to large industries as subsidiary units and this sector contributes immensely to the socio-economic development of the country. Small and Medium scale industries have grown tremendously in the last 5 decades. In spite of high enthusiasm and intrinsic capabilities to grow, there are a number of problems faced by SME‟s; one of them is the „technological obsolescence‟. The SME sector in order to outcome this challenge must make advances in the field of engineering and technology. Adoption of Information Communication Technology in their business process can enhance their productivity and global competency.in the market. In this connection Enterprise Resource Planning plays a vital role in the SME‟s business process strategy. Hence there is a need for the motivation to implement ERP and find whether the current ICT solution the industries using are adequate for their strategy. In this paper we try to find out which ERP vendors does the SME sectors prefer, are the features of the ERP system and the implementation methodology selected have met the business goals and user satisfaction.
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Oakey, Ray. "High Technology Small Firms: Their Potential for Rapid Industrial Growth." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 9, no. 4 (July 1991): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026624269100900402.
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Yong, Yeong Wee, and Kau Ah Keng. "Government and Technology Transfer: The Case of Singapore." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 10, no. 2 (January 1992): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026624269201000204.
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DR. YEONG WEE-YONG AND ASSOCIATE professor Kay Ah-Keng are both with the faculty of business administration, National University of Singapore. In order to sustain the high economic growth Singapore has enjoyed in the last two decades and to face the new challenges ahead, the Singapore government has recently reviewed its economic development strategy and formulated several new plans. One of the steps Singapore is taking is to encourage all industries to exploit and apply new advances in technology. This paper reviews the Singapore government's role in technology transfer and the assistance it provides to small and medium enterprises in the upgrading of their operations. Two case studies are also given to illustrate how local small companies have benefitted from the new programmes.
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Alves, Alex da Silva, Antonio José Junqueira Botelho, and Virgínia Duarte. "Business Modeling and Public Policy in High-Tech Industries: Exploratory Evidences from Two Brazilian Semiconductor Support Programs." International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 15, no. 04 (July 23, 2018): 1850031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877018500311.
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This paper adopts an exploratory analysis based on a multiple case study to investigate the interplay of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) business modeling strategies and Science, Technology and Innovation (STI) policies in a mid-income country efforts to develop a national semiconductor industry. Specifically, we analyze how 22 Brazilian SMEs supported by two comprehensive federal programs designed and implemented business models and strategies in an attempt to, on the one hand, meet the scope and timing of public funding resources and, on the other hand, develop capabilities to enter the industry’s global value chain. Drawing on a wide body of literature and on the evidence collected, we identified and categorized the firms’ business models into five groups: Pure Play IP, Pure Play Design, Fabless, Fabless Plus and Captive. We then analysed the firms’ within the specificities of each group. The paper shows that, in addition to business models and strategies oriented to meet short-term survival needs, the financial benefits for firms were low and unstable, with recurrent and unresolved frictions between policy-makers, planners and firms.
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Igboeli, U. H., and H. I. Bisallah. "INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN MANAGING SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN NIGERIA." Open Journal of Management Science (ISSN: 2734-2107) 1, no. 2 (November 8, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojms.v1i2.152.
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Information Communication Technology has generally been acclaimed as an important tool exploited by medium and large-scale enterprises for boosting profitability and enhancing viability. Though Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) constitutes a major percentage of businesses in most countries, their ICT adoption rate is still low. This study examined the role of ICT as a tool that SMEs can deploy for the economic development of Nigeria. A questionnaire was employed and administered to a total of 175 SMEs randomly chosen from five different sectors of the Nigeria economy (educational, micro finance, transport, commerce and hospitality). Chi-square test was used to evaluate the hypothesis and the findings of the research revealed that (1) low awareness level of the benefits of ICT incorporation in the management process of most SMEs has been a major cause of its low adoption; (2) poor media transmission framework, high cost of ICT hardware, deficient government support and legislation for internet business among other factors have hindered the adoption of ICT in the management process of SMEs; (3) high cost of funds in Nigeria have also made it unprofitable for SMEs to source fund for ICT expansion and implementation. The research recommends among other measures, the investment on infrastructure and adequate incentives to promote the utilization of ICT among SMEs. Investment banks and other specialized institutions should brace up with their responsibilities and promote local industries through affordable credit schemes.
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Oakey, Raymond P. "Open innovation and its relevance to industrial research and development: The case of high-technology small firms." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 31, no. 3 (April 22, 2013): 319–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266242612458942.
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Utama, Iston Dwija. "Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) Pada Era Digital di Kota Bandung." EQUILIBRIUM : Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi dan Pembelajarannya 7, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25273/equilibrium.v7i1.3829.
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<em>The emergence of technology and high business competition makes Small Medium Sized (SMEs) have a strong and clear marketing strategy to compete with their competitors. The aim of this research to analyze the marketing strategy implementation in SMEs to compete in digital era. Research method of this research conduct with qualitative approach by using structured interview with the owners or top level management of SMEs with numbers of sample are 31 respondents. Result of this research showed that culinary, fashion, and tour and travel industries implement the added value and differentiation strategy for their products and services, they also give competitive price strategy. Different for trading industry, they tend to use the pricing strategy to compete in market and select the niche market to develop their target market. Technology implementation also well-used by culinary, fashion, and tour and travel industries through website and social media to engaged and communicate with their customers and audiences</em>
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MAHAJAR, ABDUL JUMAAT BIN, JASMANI MOHD YUNUS, and MOHD TAHIR BIN HAJI AHMAD. "MANAGERIAL SKILLS AND USING HIGH TECHNOLOGY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE SUCCESS OF THE ENTREPRENEURS IN MALAYSIA." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 1, no. 4 (December 31, 2013): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol1.iss4.125.
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The objective of this study is to identify whether managerial skills and using high technology are an important factors in contributing the success of entrepreneurs in small medium enterprise (SME) in Selangor. The researcher obtains 120 respondents who are involved in various businesses consisting of the manufacturing and service industries in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The questionnaire were distributed to 200 entrepreneurs but only 120 questionnaires were returned. The researcher also conducted structural interview after respondents completed answering the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), frequencies, Pearson correlation and multiple regression. The instrument has a high reliability values. Findings indicated that the managerial skills and using high technology are the two important factors in contributing the success of entrepreneurs in small and medium sized enterprise.
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Bendell, Bari L., Diane M. Sullivan, and Kathrin J. Hanek. "Gender, technology and decision-making: insights from an experimental conjoint analysis." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26, no. 4 (April 13, 2020): 647–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-04-2019-0232.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate differences in how men and women small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) entrepreneurs make decisions regarding whether to invest in technologies for their firms. Answering recent calls for a gendered perspective in entrepreneurial decision-making, this study integrates premises from social identity theory and role congruity theory to help explain innovation investment decisions among male and female SME entrepreneurs.Design/methodology/approachUsing data from 121 SME entrepreneurs in the dry cleaning industry, the authors employ a conjoint experimental methodology to capture decisions SME entrepreneurs make to adopt or reject an environment-friendly dry cleaning technology. The authors examine the role gender, firm revenue, technology price, and technology complexity play in entrepreneur investment decisions.FindingsThe authors find that gender indirectly impacts innovation purchase decisions through interactions with firm revenue and key innovation characteristics. Women SME entrepreneurs were less likely to purchase the technology than their male counterparts at low (and high) firm revenue, high innovation price, and high innovation complexity—all highly risky, masculine, choice contexts.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings suggest that men and women's entrepreneurial investment decisions might be shaped by gender stereotypes. Future research should sample additional industries and determine the norms guiding gendered decision-making.Originality/valueBeyond the decision to launch a new venture, this multi-level analysis, using the lens of social identity and role congruity theories, helps illuminate how men and women SME entrepreneurs approach innovation investment decision-making in significantly different—and gender role consistent—ways.
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Morton, David L. "“The Rusty Ribbon”: John Herbert Orr and the Making of the Magnetic Recording Industry, 1945–1960." Business History Review 67, no. 4 (1993): 589–622. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116805.
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John Herbert Orr (1911-84) was an Alabama entrepreneur who formed Orradio Industries, Inc., a pioneering hightechnology firm that made magnetic recording tape. In 1945, Orr was among the U.S. Army Intelligence officials who investigated this technology, which was originally developed in Germany during the 1930s. Orr's early knowledge allowed him to establish Orradio in 1949 on a shoestring budget and to make it competitive with larger firms. When, after some uncertainty, tape became the standard medium for magnetic recorders, and as other uses such as data storage and videotape appeared, Orradio's sales expanded rapidly in the late 1950s. The company was purchased by a larger competitor, the Ampex Corporation, in 1959. The history of Orradio illustrates some of the technological, organizational, and locational problems associated with the establishment of a small high-technology firm in a new industry.
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Oakey, Ray. "British University Science Parks and High Technology Small Firms: A Comment on the Potential for Sustained Industrial Growth." International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 4, no. 1 (October 1985): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026624268500400105.
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Jane Hewerdine, Lisa, Maria Rumyantseva, and Catherine Welch. "Resource scavenging." International Marketing Review 31, no. 3 (May 6, 2014): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-11-2012-0194.
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Purpose – There has been growing interest in studying the internationalisation of small and medium-sized high-technology firms. This literature tends to equate “internationalisation” with the “internationalisation of sales”. Yet sales are not the only international activity of high-tech firms. High-tech firms need resources and not just markets. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to an understanding of this resource dimension of the international behaviour of high-tech firms. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical basis for the study lies in a multiple case study of six high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The authors selected two firms from each of three high-tech industries: biotechnology (specifically drug development), renewable energy and ICT. The key decision makers in each firms were then interviewed in depth. Findings – The authors show that for the case firms in the study, internationalisation can take the form of searching, prospecting or “scavenging” for resources. “Resource-seeking” behaviour occurs because the SMEs do not own, control or have access to sufficient resources to bring their technology to market on their own. The pattern of internationalisation that results from resource scavenging is different to that of traditional “market-seeking” internationalisation. Originality/value – This paper provides evidence of how the resource-acquisition behaviour of high-tech SMEs can be an important element of their internationalisation. Yet existing literature has focused almost exclusively on the market-seeking internationalisation of these firms.
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VANKOVYCH, Danylo, and Myroslav KULCHYTSKYJ. "STRATEGIC OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES IN UKRAINE." WORLD OF FINANCE, no. 3(60) (2019): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/sf2019.03.053.
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Introduction. Small innovative businesses play an important role in the economy of developed countries and are an essential element of the innovation process. Small enterprises are the most flexible, dynamic and widespread form of enterprises. Ukraine’s aspiration to European integration necessitates the introduction of an innovative model of development, one of the components of which is the development of a domestic innovation enterprise, which prompts to seek new approaches to the implementation of scientific, technical and innovative potential of the country’s economy. The purpose of the article is to find out the features and problems of financial support for the development of small innovative enterprises in Ukraine and to substantiate directions for its improvement. Results. According to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, innovation activity in Ukraine in 2018 was carried out only by every eleventh enterprise. The share of enterprises that introduced innovations in 2017 amounted to 16.2%, and those engaged in innovations 14.3%, respectively. At the same time, the share of innovative products in the total industrial volume was, according to the results of 2017, only 0.7%. In Ukraine, as of January 1, 2018, in the total number of enterprises (338256 units), the share of small business entities amounted to 95.5%. This testifies to the dependence of the level of development of the Ukrainian economy on their innovative activity. Among the range of obstacles to the successful functioning of innovative entrepreneurship, the problem of low efficiency of functioning of the financial mechanism of ensuring their development is the most urgent. Particular attention should be paid to the use of national competitive advantages, avant-garde industries, high-tech industries, such as space technology, aviation industry, biotechnology, tool manufacture, defense and industrial complex. Innovation demand in Ukraine should become not only an economic category but also an essential property of a person’s character. Conclusions. The development of innovative entrepreneurship is not carried out quickly and purposefully. Its potential, as the main tool for commercializing scientific ideas, is practically not implemented in Ukraine. Before small innovative enterprises, there are many barriers and obstacles that prevent them from working effectively. Thus, in order to provide effective financial support for the development of small innovative entrepreneurship, it is necessary, first of all, to improve the financial and tax policy of supporting small businesses, as well as to increase the efficiency of the use of established institutions of market infrastructure for supporting small businesses. The details of the mechanisms for implementing these measures should be the subject of further research, the results of which will be highlighted in the following publications.
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Hutchinson, Harry. "Traced Back To The Watch." Mechanical Engineering 131, no. 01 (January 1, 2009): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2009-jan-2.
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This paper explores the increase in micromanufacturing in diverse Swiss industries. Switzerland Trade and Investment Promotion, in collaboration with the promotional bureaus of Geneva and other cantons, arranged a tour through several of the country’s micromachining businesses and laboratories. A tour of Swiss precision manufacturing included visits to institutions engaged in research and development of micromachining. The technology they are developing into new fields is grounded in the watch business. Oerlikon Space AG in Zurich makes a variety of high-tech products for space programs, including the payload fairings for vehicles that carry cargo into space. In order to qualify as Swiss made, the major parts of a watch must be assembled in Switzerland, and at least half the tiny parts of the movement have to be made in the country. To do that, the Swiss need an industry that can make things that small, and do it reliably.
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LÖFSTEN, HANS. "CRITICAL RESOURCE DIMENSIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF PATENTS — AN ANALYSIS OF 131 NEW TECHNOLOGY-BASED FIRMS LOCALISED IN INCUBATORS." International Journal of Innovation Management 19, no. 01 (January 22, 2015): 1550006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919615500061.
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The purpose of this study is to analyse critical resource dimensions for development of patents for these new technology-based firms. The empirical base is 131 new technology-based firms in five high-tech industries: Software/information technology, technology consultants, electronics/electrical, pharmacology and pharmaceutical preparation and mechanics, localised on 16 incubators in Sweden. The incubators in this study are all affiliated to a university. The 131 localised new technology-based firms that answered the questionnaire were rather young (mean 2.76 years) and small (mean 2.07 employees). Five hypotheses were developed from the literature and statistical methods such as factor analysis, correlation and regression analysis were used. The study presents a significant model in several resource dimensions. The study shows that the most important resource dimensions (latent variables) are R&D network, lawyers and patent councils, business competition and university/incubator that will affect development of patents in a positive way.
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Dambiski Gomes de Carvalho, Gustavo, Luis Mauricio Martins de Resende, Hélio Gomes de Carvalho, Joseane Pontes, and Rúbia Oliveira Correa. "The local innovation agents program: a literature review on the largest Brazilian small business innovation support program." International Journal of Innovation Science 12, no. 5 (November 30, 2020): 565–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijis-03-2020-0022.
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Purpose This paper aims to analyze the characteristics of Brazilian micro and small businesses (MSBs) and the main lessons derived from the largest small business innovation support program in the country, the Local Innovation Agents – Agentes Locais de Inovação (ALI) Program. Design/methodology/approach In total, 34 papers were selected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases (28), as well as from the Revista de Administração e Inovação – RAI (6), a seminal Brazilian innovation journal. The papers were analyzed in terms of the regional context, methodological approach and main findings. Regional complementary analyzes of some program figures were also performed by Spearman correlation and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Findings The review revealed a low innovation level among Brazilian MSBs and that the platform (incremental product) and brand (marketing) innovation dimensions were the most developed across different regions and industries. Reviewed papers also showed that all MSBs were able to improve innovation over the program independent of previous management and innovation levels, besides positive relationships between management and innovation. The complementary analysis provided a regional panorama of the program figures and corroborated MSBs innovation improvement. Research limitations/implications This review analyzed relevant papers and figures related to the program, summarized main lessons and provided future research venues. Practical implications Different innovation strategies reviewed may be implemented by MSBs owners. Policymakers may also benefit from the program experience. Originality/value Despite the high number of publications and the relevance of the largest Brazilian innovation support program, there were still no literature reviews comprehending the diverse lessons derived from the ALI Program, as well as a regional panorama of the program figures.
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Thoben, Klaus-Dieter, Stefan Wiesner, and Thorsten Wuest. "“Industrie 4.0” and Smart Manufacturing – A Review of Research Issues and Application Examples." International Journal of Automation Technology 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2017): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2017.p0004.
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A fourth industrial revolution is occurring in global manufacturing. It is based on the introduction ofInternet of thingsandservitizationconcepts into manufacturing companies, leading to vertically and horizontally integrated production systems. The resultingsmart factoriesare able to fulfill dynamic customer demands with high variability in small lot sizes while integrating human ingenuity and automation. To support the manufacturing industry in this conversion process and enhance global competitiveness, policy makers in several countries have established research and technology transfer schemes. Most prominently, Germany has enacted itsIndustrie 4.0program, which is increasingly affecting European policy, while the United States focuses onsmart manufacturing. Other industrial nations have established their own programs on smart manufacturing, notably Japan and Korea. This shows that manufacturing intelligence has become a crucial topic for researchers and industries worldwide. The main object of these activities are the so-called cyber-physical systems (CPS): physical entities (e.g., machines, vehicles, and work pieces), which are equipped with technologies such as RFIDs, sensors, microprocessors, telematics or complete embedded systems. They are characterized by being able to collect data of themselves and their environment, process and evaluate these data, connect and communicate with other systems, and initiate actions. In addition, CPS enabled new services that can replace traditional business models based solely on product sales. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the Industrie 4.0 and smart manufacturing programs, analyze the application potential of CPS starting from product design through production and logistics up to maintenance and exploitation (e.g., recycling), and identify current and future research issues. Besides the technological perspective, the paper also takes into account the economic side considering the new business strategies and models available.
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LOUKIL, NADIA, OUIDAD YOUSFI, and SANA BEN CHEIKH. "INNOVATION EFFORT AND CEO’S CHARACTERISTICS." International Journal of Innovation Management 24, no. 05 (February 13, 2020): 2050079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919620500796.
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The current study analyses how CEO’s attributes could influence innovation. It is drawn on all listed firms on the SBF120 1 index between 2001 and 2013. Proxies for innovation effort are the ratio of R&D spending and the number of researchers/scientists per R&D team. First, we find that the CEO’s education background could influence innovation effort. Specifically, when CEOs have a science or an engineering degree, unlike business and management educated CEOs, they are more inclined to increase R&D spending. These effects are pronounced in innovative firms operating in sectors where innovation is not the heart core of their businesses. Also, we show that CEOs’ profile influence firms’ innovation investment only in non-technological industries. In high technological firms, attributes’ differences between CEOs are very small which may be due to high competition between firms listed on the SBF120 index. Finally, our results on the influence of gender diversity on boardrooms in Tech firms are consistent with the risk-avoidance hypothesis according to which women are risk averse agents.
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Flanagan, David J., Douglas A. Lepisto, and Laurel F. Ofstein. "Coopetition among nascent craft breweries: a value chain analysis." Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 25, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 2–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsbed-05-2017-0173.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to employ an inductive approach to explore how small, nascent, firms in the craft brewing industry use cooperative behaviours with direct competitors to achieve their goals. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered from interviews with the founders of seven small, newly established, craft brewers in a Midwestern city in the USA for this exploratory study. Data analysis followed the general tenants of inductive coding. Porter’s value chain model was used as a framework to organise and conceptualise the coopetitive behaviour uncovered. Findings The firms engage in cooperative behaviours with their direct competitors in areas such as process technology development, procurement, inbound logistics and marketing. A particularly interesting and common collaborative activity was breweries recommending/promoting competing breweries to their own customers. Practical implications This study provides clear examples of how relationship building with competitors could be advantageous and help small, nascent firms overcome the liabilities of newness and smallness. Originality/value Research on coopetition has called for a greater understanding of the nature of cooperative behaviours in small firms, start-ups and firms outside of high-technology industries. Moreover, research has called for finer-grained approaches to conceptualising coopetition. This paper fills these gaps and shows how Porter’s value chain is a useful tool for organising the types of collaborative behaviours that can be part of coopetition. The findings enhance understanding and facilitate future research by illustrating a broad array of cooperative activities that occur between direct competitors.
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Tua LG, Lambas Marasi, and Kurniawati Kurniawati. "Antecedent of Organizational Change and Its' Consequnce towards Organizational Performance." 12th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 12, no. 1 (October 8, 2021): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2021.12(87).
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Even very successful organizations need to constantly change (evolve) due to very dynamic business environment conditions (Pangarkar, 2015). An organization needs to adapt to any changes in technology, economy, demographics, regulations, competition, and consumer preferences that change rapidly (Anyieni, 2016). Dynamic changes also constantly occur in the banking industry in Indonesia. As the central institution in driving economic growth, the bank needs to be more adaptive to changes in the business environment driven by customer expectations, technological capabilities, policies, demographics, and macroeconomic conditions. Over the last ten years, competitive pressures in the industry have put pressure on the level of banking profitability and efficiency issues (Source: SPI 2019, www.ojk.go.id). Barquin et al. (2018) also mentioned that technology development had brought a new competitive landscape in the banking industry. Technology has provided more convenience in terms of access to the financial services that also raise concern on the relevance of old-style banking services with high reliance on the conventional branch as access. As an impact of technology development change in financial services, increasing financial technology (fintech) services have emerged another competition platform in the banking industries in recent years. Digital technology will change the competition platform in the financial services industry. If banks are not ready to adapt to the change will be exposed to the shrinking market share (www. Economy.okezone.com, 2019). Fintech is expected to put more pressure on banking lending products, particularly within the retail banking segment, potentially will exist in 2025, as explained by McKinsey (www.keuangan.kontan.co.id, 2018). The commercial lending segment will expose to the competition due to technical support in terms of ease of access. Strong investor support to develop their market in Indonesia is expected to accelerate the change of competition landscape in the small-medium enterprise business (www.money.kompas.com, 2019). Keywords: Change, Leader, Organizational Commitment, Organizational Change, Organizational Learning, Organizational Performance.
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SIQUEIRA, ANA CRISTINA O., and ANDY D. COSH. "EFFECTS OF PRODUCT INNOVATION AND ORGANISATIONAL CAPABILITIES ON COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE: EVIDENCE FROM UK SMALL AND MEDIUM MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES." International Journal of Innovation Management 12, no. 02 (June 2008): 113–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919608001972.
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We investigate the extent to which product innovation moderates the relationship between capabilities and competitive advantage among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Using resource-based and capabilities theories, we examine capabilities as organisational routines, focusing on job rotation and multi-skilling. We examine competitive advantage by using logistic regression to assess the probability of top performance in productivity relative to most other firms in the same industry. Considering the path-dependence in developing capabilities and innovation, we use a longitudinal sample of 300 UK manufacturing SMEs in traditional and high-technology industries to evaluate the effects of innovating and using capabilities continuously over time. The results suggest that firms using job rotation or multi-skilling and introducing product innovations consistently from 2002 through 2004 are more likely to be top performers in 2004. The findings support a theoretical model according to which the association between capabilities and competitive advantage is moderated by innovation.
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Ponomarev, V. A., and M. V. Petrov. "Territorial interaction is the basis for the development of a small innovative enterprise and other territorial enterprises." Radio industry 29, no. 1 (February 20, 2019): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21778/2413-9599-2019-29-1-61-66.
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The interaction of a small innovative enterprise with territorial enterprises aimed at their socio-economic and innovative development is examined on a specific example, which is important for the development of the regional economy. The authors determine and examine the major areas of enterprise cooperation, access their state and suggest the development indicators. This paper describes the influence of state support through the Innovation Promotion Fund on the development of small innovative enterprises, as well as other territorial enterprises that receive orders from these organizations. The results of the study demonstrate that territorial enterprises can create a system of close cooperation at the local level, promoting their development on terms of mutual interests. The private sector shows interest in participating in the production of innovative products. The proposed model of building an innovative territorial business can be applied by many small, medium, large enterprises in the field of electronic component base, as well as in other industries to create a successful innovation project. Further improvement of the state policy in relation to small innovative enterprises can accelerate the transformation of these enterprises into independent, in-demand research engineering and technology organizations that ensure the development of existing manufacturers of high-tech products based on contract manufacturing.
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LIU, CHUN-CHU. "AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF A MODEL FOR MEASURING ORGANISATIONAL INNOVATION IN TAIWANESE HIGH-TECH ENTERPRISES." International Journal of Innovation Management 09, no. 02 (June 2005): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919605001253.
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The objective of this research was to construct organisational innovation dimensions and the associated evaluation index for Taiwan's high-tech industries, in order to evaluate Taiwan's current level of ability in this area, and provide a guideline for businesses. In addition, an organisational innovation model was also constructed to serve as a basis for innovation theory. The research methods employed included a literature review, in-depth interviews and small group techniques, which were used as a first step towards constructing an organisational innovation measurement model. Before constructing the organisational innovation measurement model for the present study, a weighted measurement index was created by means of an analytic hierarchy process, multivariate analysis of variance and factor analysis, in order to confirm the index and the organisational innovation cause and effect relationship. After the organisational innovation model was constructed, the empirical study concluded that the most important dimensions for measuring organisational innovation included product innovation, process innovation and organisational structure and climate innovation.
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Dobler, Timo, Simon Buchheiser, Marco Gleiß, and Hermann Nirschl. "Development and Commissioning of a Small-Scale, Modular and Integrated Plant for the Quasi-Continuous Production of Crystalline Particles." Processes 9, no. 4 (April 9, 2021): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9040663.
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Increasing global competition, volatile markets and the demand for individual products challenge companies in almost all business sectors and require innovative solutions. In the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, these include modular design, the integration of several unit operations in one apparatus and the development of small-scale, versatile multipurpose plants. An example for such a modular, integrated and small-scale system is the belt crystallizer. This device combines the process steps cooling crystallization, solid-liquid separation and contact drying in a single plant. The basis of the apparatus is a belt filter in which the vacuum trays below the filter medium are replaced by temperature control and filtration units. Due to identical dimensions, it is possible to arrange the individual functional units in any order, which in turn allows a high degree of flexibility and rapid adaptation to customer requirements. Within the scope of the publication, the commissioning of the belt crystallizer takes place. First of all, the general functionality of the plant concept is demonstrated using sucrose as model system. Further experiments show that the particle size and the distribution width of the manufactured crystals can be specifically influenced by the selected process parameters, e.g., temperature profile during cooling and residence time.
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COZZARIN, BRIAN PAUL, STANKO DIMITROV, and BONWOO KOO. "ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE IN THE INNOVATING FIRM: SIZE, R&D AND SECTOR EFFECTS." International Journal of Innovation Management 24, no. 05 (August 5, 2019): 2050044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919620500449.
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This study investigates whether organisational innovation has positive impacts on small and medium enterprises, using three waves of the South Korean innovation survey. While correcting for endogeneity, we find that the probability of achieving a process or product innovation conditional on organisational innovation increases in a linear fashion from small to large firms. Moreover, the effects of organisational innovation are more pronounced for process innovation relative to product innovation. We show that R&D performers who implement an organisational innovation have a greater probability of introducing a new product or process. We also show that larger R&D performing firms benefit more from organisational innovation than smaller firms. Finally, we find evidence that high-tech industries benefit more from organisational innovation, in accordance with one of our hypotheses.
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Athaide, Gerard A., Jason Q. Zhang, and Richard R. Klink. "Buyer relationships when developing new products: a contingency model." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 34, no. 2 (March 4, 2019): 426–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-02-2018-0091.
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Purpose The purpose of the paper is to develop and test a contingency model of buyer involvement when developing new products in technology-based industrial markets. Information Dissemination and degree of product co-development are identified as two behavioral dimensions of seller–buyer relationships. Further, the paper proposes that perceived buyer knowledge, innovation discontinuity, product customization and technological uncertainty moderate the impact of the behavioral dimensions on sellers’ relationship satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses moderated regression on a data set of 296 small and mid-sized firms in a variety of high-tech industries to test relevant hypotheses. Findings The authors find that sellers can enhance relationship satisfaction by engaging in either unilateral or bilateral relationships. This is important because sellers have to be judicious in expending their relationship resources. While information dissemination is more satisfying when targeting less knowledgeable buyers, product co-development enhances satisfaction when targeting more knowledgeable buyers. Similarly, information dissemination can enhance satisfaction for discontinuous innovations; in contrast, product co-development has a similar outcome for customized products. However, when technological uncertainty is high, such co-development leads to reduced satisfaction. Originality/value Extant literature provides useful insights on the behavioral dimensions of seller–buyer relationships, the antecedents and consequences of such relationships and the stages of the new product development process when such relationships are more valuable. Despite this progress, important gaps remain in current understanding of seller–buyer relationships. In particular, findings regarding the contribution of relationships to desired outcomes are inconsistent. This suggests that important moderators of the relationship–outcomes link are being overlooked and warrant greater attention. This paper addresses this deficiency.
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McDonald, C. F., and C. Rodgers. "The Ubiquitous Personal Turbine—A Power Vision for the 21st Century." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 124, no. 4 (September 24, 2002): 835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1473826.
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Having a personal computer (PC) and related electronic equipment in the majority of U.S. homes today is accepted without question. In the same vein, having a personal turbine (PT) in the home could also be taken for granted in coming decades to assure a constant and reliable source of electrical power, which is paramount in the e-business era. As addressed in this paper, gas turbine technology has advanced to the point where a natural gas-fired PT, rated at about 5 kW could reliably provide the total energy needs of an average home. The Industrial Revolution of the 18th century, in which a centralized factory replaced cottage industries, was made possible by introduction of the steam engine. In the 21st century IT Revolution, the situation will have essentially gone the full circle, with a high percentage of service industry work being done in the home. For individuals using the internet for conducting business a reliable source of electrical power is mandatory. Alas, this can no longer be assured by the U.S. power grid which is quickly reaching its capacity, and increasing outages will become more commonplace. One solution to this could be the use of PTs in homes in both cities and remote areas. Also it would be ideally suited to applications in the developing countries, where it could provide the total energy needs of villages and small communities. In this introductory paper it is projected that when mass produced in very large quantities like automobile turbochargers, the PT unit cost would be competitive.
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Komonov, D. A., L. V. Mikhailova, and A. A. Sazonov. "RESOURCE PROVISION OF THE CORPORATE INNOVATIVE SYSTEM OF THE DOMESTIC HITECH ENTEPRISES." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 4 (May 27, 2019): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2019-4-30-34.
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The key resources, necessary for the process of transformation of the corporate innovation system of high-tech enterprises in the framework of the fourth industrial revolution «Industry 4.0» have been investigated. The main objective for enterprises is the creation of unique research centers, search laboratories, small innovative groups, and technology associations. A conclusion has been made, that domestic enterprises in modern conditions need to implement the procedure of analysis of existing business processes, including the life cycle of products and supply chains.
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Husin, Maizaitulaidawati Md, Suzilawati Kamarudin, and Adriana Mohd Rizal. "Food and beverage industry competitiveness and halal logistics: Perspective from small and medium enterprises in Malaysia." Asian Journal of Islamic Management (AJIM) 3, no. 1 (June 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/ajim.vol3.iss1.art1.
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Purpose: This paper investigates the competitiveness of the food and beverages (F&B) industry in Malaysia and examines the Small and Medium Enterprises' (SMEs) demand and key perceptions towards challenges in halal logistics. Methodology: This paper adopted SWOT analysis to understand the internal (strengths, weaknesses) and external (opportunities and threats) competitiveness of the industry. Interview sessions were conducted with 10 SMEs’ owners in the food industry from December 2020 until February 2021. Findings: The SWOT analysis identified several strengths (e.g. workforce diversity, well-established equipment, and facilities), weaknesses (e.g. a limited number of skilled workforce, lack of industrial collaboration, lack of distribution channel), opportunities (e.g. increasing food demand, advanced technology, supportive government initiatives, favorable business environment) and threats (e.g. high cost, new and changing regulation). The SMEs’ perception towards key challenges in halal logistics was also identified. Research limitations/implications: This paper provides an understanding of the competitiveness of the F&B industry, sheds light on the key challenges faced by SME owners in halal logistics, and offers strategies to solve the issues. This study, however, is limited to Malaysia’s experience. Practical implications: This paper will contribute to future studies in the similar field and offers a guide for Halal logistics players, including practitioners and policymakers, to understand their business environment better. The identification of SMEs’ SWOT will be helpful for the businesses to move forward. Originality: The value of this paper lies in the knowledge of SMEs, especially in the F&B industry.
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The Nguyen, Huynh. "Innovation activities in electronic industrial enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City." Science & Technology Development Journal - Economics - Law and Management 3, no. 3 (January 8, 2020): 299–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjelm.v3i3.571.
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This article analyzes innovation activities of electronic enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City. The descriptive statistical techniques were applied to test the survey data on 185 electronic enterprises in 2016. The results show that although the majority are aware of the importance of innovation and improvement to their production and business processes, they still focus on launching new products or modifying existing products. At the same time, other innovative activities such as improving production process or management failed to show much progress. Specifically, the rates of enterprises that organized R&D department and received information on scientific and technological guidance dropped from 35.80% and 23.50% in 2017 to 34.90% and 16.30% in 2010 before increasing to 37.80% and 20.50% in 2014. In addition, technology renovation activities in enterprises were only 16%, 15.50% and 18.90% in 2017, 2010 and 2014 respectively whereas training of science and technology personnel were 17.30%, 15.50% and 17.80%. This is due to high R&D costs, shortage of financial resources and R&D specialists, and small business scale. Therefore, these enterprises will need to strengthen, enhance and diversify innovation activities for stable and sustainable development.
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Shinoda, Kentaro, Hiroaki Noda, Koichi Ohtomi, Takayuki Yamada, and Jun Akedo. "Promotion of Knowledge and Technology Transfer Towards Innovative Manufacturing Process: Case Study of New Hybrid Coating Process." International Journal of Automation Technology 13, no. 3 (May 5, 2019): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2019.p0419.
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A new, multi-dimensional, additive manufacturing process for fine ceramics was proposed and developed as part of a national project in Japan. The process consists of three-dimensional printing and two-dimensional coating of fine ceramics. A new coating process, hybrid aerosol deposition (HAD), was proposed as the ceramic coating process. The HAD process is a hybrid of aerosol deposition (AD) and plasma spray. Such new technologies, however, usually take a long time to move from first discovery to use in producing a commercial product. For example, a past study showed that it took nearly 15 years from the invention of the AD process to the time it became a technology used at an industrial company. Therefore, it is very important to consider how to accelerate the learning and technological transfer of a new process to industry in addition to how to develop new processes once they emerge. In this study, a new scheme, a coating hub, is proposed to promote the transfer of the HAD process to industrial adoption. In the coating hub, a collaboration scheme for companies to get interest of the technology, even in the early stages of technological development, is considered. Here, needs-seeds matching, reliable relationships, intellectual property, and the generalization of technology are considered. Another important scheme of the coating hub is to try to couple design with manufacturing. Here, product design tools for agile production are provided. In order to attract and evaluate consumers for targeted products, a Kansei delight design based on the Kano model is introduced. A delight map viewer is provided to visualize potential consumers’ delight factors. Detailed planning from the early trial stage is introduced with the viewer. A topology optimization tool is also provided in the coating hub as a design tool. In order to validate this coating hub concept, a ceramic frying pan is designed as a case study. The delight map viewer proves effective for those who are not design professionals to consider the attractiveness of products based on user evaluation. The coupling of the topology optimization tool is also useful for the multidimensional additive manufacturing of ceramics proposed in this study. This case study implies that even a small manufacturer could design a new product by utilizing the coating hub concept. It would give many new opportunities not only to big manufactures interested in high-end business-to-business components but also to supporting industries and even to individuals to utilize new emerging coating technologies.
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Cerezo-Narváez, Alberto, Daniel García-Jurado, María Carmen González-Cruz, Andrés Pastor-Fernández, Manuel Otero-Mateo, and Pablo Ballesteros-Pérez. "Standardizing Innovation Management: An Opportunity for SMEs in the Aerospace Industry." Processes 7, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7050282.
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In a globalized marketplace, the competition in the aerospace industry has increased significantly. Producers can choose between many suppliers. These suppliers have to comply with more requirements and technical specifications, as well as take on greater responsibilities that originally fell on producers. In this context, business opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are limited, but still suppliers must try to leverage the maximum strategic advantage of the few that present. Adopting research, development and innovation (R+D+i) practices has proven to bring great benefits to companies and allows them to gain significant competitive advantages. However, the process of designing, implementing and testing R+D+i-related processes is not straightforward, nor it has been addressed in the recent research on SMEs. In this paper, a case study of a Spanish innovative small company providing industrial metrology and quality services is analyzed. Thanks to an internal decision-making process, an R+D+i management system based on the UNE 166.002:2014 standard is eventually adopted. A pilot project is closely followed up to test the robustness of the system implementation. The R+D+i management system has allowed the company to streamline its innovation activities, establish objectives to better allocate essential resources, organize high performing innovation units within the organization structure, increase the clients’ confidence, improve the company’s competitiveness, carry out technological surveillance, and get more patented technology, among many others. Adoption steps taken by this SME are generalizable to other SMEs from other industries and show how an R+D+i management system can be chosen, designed, implemented and tested in the context of Industry 4.0 (I4.0).
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Falkner, Andreas, Gerhard Friedrich, Alois Haselböck, Gottfried Schenner, and Herwig Schreiner. "Twenty-Five Years of Successful Application of Constraint Technologies at Siemens." AI Magazine 37, no. 4 (January 17, 2017): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v37i4.2688.
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The development of problem solvers for configuration tasks is one of the most successful and mature application areas of artificial intelligence. The provision of tailored products, services, and systems requires efficient engineering and design processes where configurators play a crucial role. Because one of the core competencies of Siemens is to provide such highly engineered and customized systems, ranging from solutions for medium-sized and small businesses up to huge industrial plants, the efficient implementation and maintenance of configurators are important goals for the success of many departments. For more than 25 years the application of constraint-based methods has proven to be a key technology in order to realize configurators at Siemens. This article summarizes the main aspects and insights we have gained looking back over this period. In particular, we highlight the main technology factors regarding knowledge representation, reasoning, and integration which were important for our achievement. Finally we describe selected key application areas where the business success vitally depends on the high productivity of configuration processes.
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Mitra, Jay, and Harry Matlay. "Thematic Clustering." Industry and Higher Education 14, no. 6 (December 2000): 371–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/000000000101295309.
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The authors first present a macro-level background to the idea of ‘connectivity’, based on a review of the systemic view in the literature on innovation and industrial/business clusters, linking the two to demonstrate the relevance of organizational forms (clusters) to the innovation process. They then identify management considerations for organizing appropriate competencies and leveraging firm-specific assets, and outline management issues relating to externalities, innovation and the management of change – the essential elements of organizational learning. An ‘Organizational Learning System’ model is developed with a view to better understanding the innovation process of cluster-based SMEs. In light of this discussion, the authors offer an overview of innovation in UK firms based on an initial random survey of 6,000 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This is followed by two case studies of the industrial clustering process, with particular reference to examples of high-technology clusters in the UK, identifying some of the key factors connecting firms in the high-technology circuit. The paper concludes with a discussion of policy considerations, at the level of both the firm and government.
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CIRAVEGNA, LUCIANO, and GIULIANO MAIELLI. "OUTSOURCING OF NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND THE OPENING OF INNOVATION IN MATURE INDUSTRIES: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF FIAT DURING CRISIS AND RECOVERY." International Journal of Innovation Management 15, no. 01 (February 2011): 69–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919611003088.
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During the 1990s mature industries, such as car manufacturing, restructured their production and innovation processes, changing from vertical integration to high outsourcing. Open innovation is antithetic to vertical integration. Analyzing whether this restructuring influenced the emergence of open innovation is an important step towards improving our understanding of open innovation (Chesbrough and Crowther, 2006). During the 1990s, Fiat, one the largest European car producers, increased the extent to which it involved external firms in new product development (NPD). Unlike its competitors, Fiat outsourced the NPD of core products, resembling the opening of innovation that "radical innovators" implement in high technology industry (Laursen and Salter, 2006, 137). However, it failed to transition towards open innovation because its "opening" to external firms also entailed downsizing in-house NPD divisions, which caused a "hollowing out" of its knowledge (Becker and Zirpoli, 2003). The products developed through this system did not perform well. After a dramatic decline in market shares, Fiat changed its NPD system: it reduced outsourcing of NPD, whilst opening it to customers for the first time. This contributed to the development of highly successful models, which fuelled Fiat's recovery after 2004. The paper explains the Fiat case by looking at the drivers of its organizational changes from a historical perspective. It argues that Fiat's cost-cutting routines, developed because of its intangible specialization in small vehicles, explain why it opened NPD to suppliers but failed to adopt open innovation. The case study is relevant for the study of open innovation because it provides evidence of the relationships between outsourcing and open of innovation in a mature industry that went through a profound process of restructuring during the 1990s.
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Fernando, Yudi, Anas Mathath, and Mohsen Ali Murshid. "Improving Productivity." International Journal of Robotics Applications and Technologies 4, no. 1 (January 2016): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrat.2016010103.
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The role of robots is becoming substantial for industrial applications and business competitiveness. The purpose of this paper is to review robotic transformation concept and to investigate its business applications in the food industry. The robot transformation in food industry provided a robust support in raising business productivity, reduced cost and enhanced customer's loyalty, besides the food safety and quality. Its service in production systems for material handling and packaging operations is inevitable. Despite the importance of robotics in improving productivity, small scale food companies are often reluctant to invest in robotization of their operations. Since it involves high initial investment, maintenance and costs associated with training skilled employees for programming of robotics. Mainly, two points have raised concerns in the discussion of this paper. First, the robot technology has been enhanced to deliver services for the large scale food companies. Meanwhile, the experiences gained in the food service sector which implement robots can replace the human touch. At the end of this review, several solutions are recommended to shed light on the applications of the robot in the food industry.
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Fernandez-Fernandez, M. I., P. T. Martín de la Vega, M. A. Jaramillo-Morán, and M. Garrido. "Hybrid Constructed Wetland to Improve Organic Matter and Nutrient Removal." Water 12, no. 7 (July 16, 2020): 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12072023.
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Constructed wetlands are one of the best technologies for wastewater treatment in small towns, small businesses or farms and/or livestock breeding. In this work, a wastewater depuration ecological system implemented in a hybrid constructed wetland to remove nutrients and organic matter from small urban agglomerations is studied. It comprises two processing stages: a primary treatment carried out in two hydrolytic up-flow sludge bed digesters working in parallel and a secondary one made up of two vertical flow constructed wetlands, which are alternatively used, followed by a horizontal flow constructed wetland. An internal recirculation system connects the output of the vertical flow constructed wetlands to the input of the hydrolytic up-flow sludge bed digesters with the aim of promoting the nitrification-denitrification process. High nutrients and organic matter removal efficiencies were observed when treating highly polluted wastewater from an animal farm. Therefore, this ecological depuration system, designed with an internal recirculation to enhance nitrogen reduction, may be considered an efficient alternative to treat wastewater from small urban agglomerations and diffuse contamination from agricultural industries and livestock farms polluting surface waters with nitrates, which may cause serious environmental problems, such as eutrophication.
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Chonsawat, Nilubon, and Apichat Sopadang. "Defining SMEs’ 4.0 Readiness Indicators." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (December 16, 2020): 8998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248998.
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Industry 4.0 revolution offers smart manufacturing; it systematically incorporates production technology and advanced operation management. Adopting these high-state strategies can increase production efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and decrease manufacturer costs. Simultaneously, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were the backbone of economic growth and development. They still lack both the knowledge and decision-making to verify this high-stage technology’s performance and implementation. Therefore, the research aims to define the readiness indicators to assess and support SMEs toward Industry 4.0. The research begins with found aspects that influence the SME 4.0 readiness by using Bibliometric techniques. The result shows the aspects which were the most occurrences such as the Industrial Internet, Cloud Manufacturing, Collaborative Robot, Business Model, and Digital Transformation. They were then grouped into five dimensions by using the visualization of similarities (VOS) techniques: (1) Organizational Resilience, (2) Infrastructure System, (3) Manufacturing System, (4) Data Transformation, and (5) Digital Technology. Cronbach’s alpha then validated the composite dimensions at a 0.926 level of reliability and a significant positive correlation. After that, the indicators were defined from the dimension and aspects approach. Finally, the indicators were pilot tested by small enterprises. It appeared that 23 indicators could support SMEs 4.0 readiness indication and decision-making in the context of Industry 4.0.
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Naradda Gamage, Sisira Kumara, EMS Ekanayake, GAKNJ Abeyrathne, RPIR Prasanna, JMSB Jayasundara, and PSK Rajapakshe. "A Review of Global Challenges and Survival Strategies of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs)." Economies 8, no. 4 (October 2, 2020): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies8040079.
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Economic globalization has created many challenges for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) due to the rapid increase in competition. Therefore, the downfall rate of SMEs is relatively high, a short period after their commencement. Accordingly, SMEs need to adopt survival strategies and strategic methods to succeed in confronting the various global challenges faced by the SME sector. This study critically examined the existing literature on global challenges for SMEs to understand the SMEs’ survival and successive mechanisms in the present competitive business background. Published information related to the field by the multilateral institutions and 110 research papers published by four recognized publishing companies, i.e., Emerald, Elsevier, Taylor and Francis, and MDPI, were chosen for this study. The review revealed the critical global challenges for SMEs within the context of economic globalization. They are the global market competition, global finance and economic crises, information communication technology, the emergence of multi-national corporations, transnational corporations, consumer changes and especially their preferences, trade dumping, international terrorism, and religious conflicts and trade wars. Furthermore, the study considered the survival strategies of SMEs in the industrial platform to recognize sustainability-related policies, specifically, the necessity for a robust theoretical examination on the survival strategies of SMEs in the field of global challenges.
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Georghiou, Luke, and Elvira Uyarra, Ramona Saliba Scerri, Nadine Castillo, and Jennifer Cassingena Harper. "Adapting smart specialisation to a micro-economy – the case of Malta." European Journal of Innovation Management 17, no. 4 (October 7, 2014): 428–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ejim-03-2014-0026.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to set out the process by which a smart specialisation strategy was developed for a small, peripheral economy in the European Union, the Republic of Malta. It assesses the applicability of the approach in the context of a micro-economy with an industrial structure based on a small number of foreign direct investments and a predominance of micro-enterprises. Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows an action research approach by presenting as a case study the process by which the strategy for Malta was assessed and developed through successive rounds of engagement with business and other actors with the application of scenarios and other prioritisation approaches to facilitate its development. An initial consultation with 20 public sector and representative organisations was followed by a general business workshop and 21 sectoral focus groups. Findings – Lack of critical mass can be mitigated by maximising the generic use of available skills and competences. Given the higher vulnerability to external shock in micro-economies, strategies need to have a high degree of flexibility and adaptability. Greater internationalisation provides the main response to peripherality. Practical implications – The approach can be applied more generally for micro-economies and in some aspects to other countries or regions lacking critical mass in research and innovation assets or facing peripherality. Originality/value – The smart specialisation approach had not been applied in these circumstances and hence the findings allowed the concept to be extended and adapted to deal with the issues raised.
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Kumar, Varun, Ganesh Babu, and Saravanan Muthusamy. "Assessing the awareness of the agile manufacturing for organizational change in Indian small manufacturing firms." Journal of Organizational Change Management 29, no. 5 (August 8, 2016): 713–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-11-2015-0200.
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Purpose Agile manufacturing (AM) has the new scenario in the business system and it is widely seen as a “New Revolution” in the manufacturing firms. AM, which continuously focusses on the adoption of new methodologies and quickly respond to the customer expectation. For this reason, many of the research studies are focussed on the AM environment and this system is mainly followed in large sector only and most of the small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are not aware of it. Especially in the developing countries which are still lagging behind in the implementation of AM. Considering the above reason, the purpose of this paper is to assess the awareness of AM in Indian SMEs. Design/methodology/approach By means of researching many literature reviews and empirical data collected by using a self-administrated instrument distributed to the selected Indian SMEs and the awareness about the AM was investigated. The authors have selected 100 SMEs in Indian service sectors and sent the data sheets through by e-mail and also by directly visiting the company and collected the information. A total of 68 useable survey data’s were identified from the final analysis. The study data sample consists of a group of selected Indian SMEs, from different industries including the pump and foundry industries. The collected data were analyzed using the graphical representation method and by the statistical analysis. Findings The analysis revealed the significance and usage of AM in the Indian SMEs. The results also suggested that the Indian SMEs are well aware of the AM system, through more efforts need to be focussed on implementing this system properly and effectively to improve these standards. By the use of agile models and frameworks in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), would result in cost-effectiveness in their quality and services and can be continuously improving the ongoing agile practices. Research limitations/implications Indian SMEs managers seem to be stronger familiar with the agile concepts and practices and they believe that agile environment would guaranteeing in their services and high-quality products. Therefore, SMEs should concentrate and invest in agile practices that would help them to improve their competitiveness in the global market. Further, Indian SMEs managers and practitioners would concentrate more about this maintenance of standards and with this dynamic approach it takes toward the agile environment to meet the future challenges. Practical implications The data collected and the results provided in this paper will help in understanding, the awareness about the AM environment in Indian SMEs. Also, suggest some additional improvements in the knowledge of agile to the managers and practitioners in the Indian SMEs, which could enhance the level of agile implementation. Originality/value The assessment of agile awareness in Indian SMEs, along with the concepts of understanding the AM environment, has been explained in the literature on AM in the Indian SMEs.
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Файков, Дмитрий, and Dmitriy Faikov. "Territories of Advanced Socio-Economic Development in Single-Industry Towns: the First Synthesis." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 4, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 253–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2019-4-2-253-262.
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Introduction. There is an urgent need to assess the activity of Advanced Socio-Economic Development Territories (TASED) set up in single-industry towns and Administrative and Territorial Entities of Closed Type (ATECT). The research objective was to identify the current trends in the modus operandi of TASED set up in ATECT. Data and methods. The research featured official figures posted on the websites of the Russian Ministry of Economic Development, on the official websites of local authorities, regional government, Corporation of Far East’s Development, the resident companies of TASED, and various scientific publications. The research was based on comparative analysis and the factor and system analysis. The research results. The population of TASED territories revealed an almost equal distribution. However, its concentration is higher in the towns with over 500.000 residents. The number of residents appeared to correlate with the activity of small and medium-sized enterprises on the territory. Large investment projects in TASED of single-industry towns make up less than 5 % of all projects. The main TASED’s investor is local business. There are mostly low- and medium technology productions. At its current state, TASED do not encourage development of high-technology industries and knowledge-intensive services. The authors propose some options of budgetary efficiency assessment. Discussion and conclusion. TASED proved to be beneficial for the economic development of single-industry towns, especially those with a machine-building complex as core enterprise. However, TASED revealed to have no positive effect on distant depressed towns and single-industry towns with sustainable working core enterprises. The research results can be used by scientists, public authorities, and managers of TASED companies.
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Amaral, Afonso, and Paulo Peças. "A Framework for Assessing Manufacturing SMEs Industry 4.0 Maturity." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 6127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136127.
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Under the scenario of the fourth industrial revolution, the adoption of Industry 4.0 in the day-to-day business of small and medium enterprises (SME) entails expected challenges. Focusing primarily on more advanced levels of maturity, the existing maturity models are inadequate for assessing companies with low maturity levels, such as most of existing SMEs. A framework for a maturity model tailored to SMEs is proposed in this paper, allowing for a comprehensive and high granularity assessment of these companies’ maturity levels, which then eases their integration into this industrial revolution. The proposed holistic model considers all Industry 4.0 dimensions while being detailed enough in its initial levels to properly assess SMEs at the same time.
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Tayauova, Gulzhanat. "EDITORIAL." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 8 (December 31, 2019): I. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v6i8.4568.
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It is with great honor that we edit the proceedings of “7th Global Conference on Business, Economics, Management and Tourism (BEMTUR-2019)”, Lara – Antalya, Turkey, Turkey, 18-20 October 2019.
As the guest editors of this issue, we are glad to have received a variety of articles focusing on Accounting, International Finance, Advertising Management, Labor Economics, Business & Economics, Labor Relations & Human Resource Management, Business Ethics, Law and Economics, Business Intelligence, Management Information Systems, Business Information Systems, Management Science, Business Law, Market Structure and Pricing, Business Performance Management, Marketing Research and Strategy, Business Statistics, Marketing Theory and Applications, Change Management Operations Research, Communications Management, Organizational Behavior & Theory, Comparative Economic Systems, Organizational Communication, Consumer Behavior, Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles, Corporate Finance and Governance, Product Management, Corporate Governance, Production and Organizations, Cost Management, Production/Operations Management, Decision Sciences, Public Administration and Small Business Entrepreneurship, Development Planning and Policy, Public Choice, Economic Development, Public Economics and Finance, Economic Methodology, Public Relations, Economic Policy, Public Responsibility and Ethics, E-Business, Regulatory Economics, E- Marketing, Resource Management, Economic Systems, Strategic Management, Entrepreneurship, Strategic Management Policy, Finance & Investment, Stress Management, Financial Economics, Supply Change Management, Global Business, Systems Management, Global Marketing, Systems Thinking, Growth; Aggregate Productivity, Taxes (related areas of taxes), Household Behavior and Family Economics, Technological Change; Research and Development, Human Resource, Technology & Innovation, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Time Management, Information Systems, Total Quality Management, Information Technology Management, Travel/Transportation/Tourism, International Business, Welfare Economics, International Economics etc. Furthermore, the conference is getting more international each year, which is an indicator that it is getting worldwide known and recognized. Scholars from all over the world contributed to the conference. Special thanks are to all the reviewers, the members of the international editorial board, the publisher, and those involved in technical processes. We would like to thank all who contributed to in every process to make this issue actualized. A total of 29 full papers or abstracts were submitted for this conference and each paper has been peer reviewed by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total of 5 high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication.
I hope that you will enjoy reading the papers.
Best Regards
Guest Editors
Prof. Dr. Gulzhanat Tayauova, Almaty Management University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Editorial Assistant
Zeynep Genc, PhD. Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Matyushok, Vladimir M., Vera A. Krasavina, and Sergey V. Matyushok. "Global artificial intelligence systems and technology market: formation and development trends." RUDN Journal of Economics 28, no. 3 (December 15, 2020): 505–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2329-2020-28-3-505-521.
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Every day more and more companies rely on artificial intelligence, from small startups to large companies, among which stand out not only the IT giants Google, Microsoft, Facebook, IBM, but even those that seemingly far from this topic - for example, General Motors and Boeing created a joint laboratory for AI research. It becomes obvious that AI technology is the real mainstream of our time. The article examines the global market for artificial intelligence systems and technologies. The authors described the peculiarities of the formation of this market and the main trends and segments in its development. The goal of research - identify the dynamics, features and trends of the global market for artificial intelligence systems and technologies. The methodology of system analysis, the dialectical method of scientific cognition, methods of historical, logical and comparative analysis are used. The concept of artificial intelligence has been systematized, the dynamics of the global market for artificial intelligence systems and technologies have been revealed, as well as in the regional context. The relationship between its dynamics and the sharp jump in performance of information processing algorithms, which became possible due to the fast computer based on GPUs, an avalanche-like data growth and the emergence of almost unlimited possibilities for storage and technology access, has been detected. It is shown that the global market for artificial intelligence technologies is in a phase of inflated expectations and with a high enough level of risk for investors. The main trends and segments in the development of the global market for artificial intelligence systems and technologies have been identified. These include deep learning technologies, the convergence of AI technologies with other technologies such as analytics, ERP, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and even quantum computing, which has the greatest impact, the development of cognitive intelligence systems, and the creation of a cognitive computer. It is shown that business leaders consider AI fundamental and absolutely necessary for the development of future business opportunities. It has been proven that the rapid development of AI systems and technologies is not just another technological innovation, but the technological platform of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, which is associated with hopes for accelerating the economic growth of the world economy, increasing the competitiveness of countries and companies.
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Battaglia, Daniele, Paolo Neirotti, and Emilio Paolucci. "The role of R&D investments and export on SMEs’ growth: a domain ambidexterity perspective." Management Decision 56, no. 9 (September 10, 2018): 1883–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-02-2017-0136.
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PurposeInternational sales are critical for the prosperity of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), because of the limited size of their domestic market, but they can be difficult to attain for a number of reasons. The purpose of this paper is to investigate this topic and use a domain ambidexterity framework to analyze why the relationship between research and development (R&D) investments and export initiatives generates managerial tensions in high- and medium-technology industries. In this paper, it is claimed that R&D investments and internationalization can be conflicting objectives that entail a diversity of routines and managerial approaches. This aspect is critical, especially when SMEs are in the early stages of their life cycle and are resource constrained.Design/methodology/approachThis issue is tested using multiple regressions on data collected through a survey that was conducted in 2014. The sample is composed of 221 SMEs operating in Italy in high-and medium-technology industries.FindingsThe estimates show that combining contemporary high R&D investments and high export activities negatively affects the growth of revenues of SMEs. In detail, when exports over revenue are below 10 percent, R&D investments have a positive effect on revenue growth, whereas when exports over revenue are above 50 percent, the effect of R&D investments on revenue growth is negative. However, age acts as a moderator on this relationship, thus implying that the effect of combining these initiatives varies according to the life cycle of a firm. In particular, combining R&D investments and export generates tensions that limit the growth of revenues in young SMEs (less than ten years old). For firms aged between 10 and 25 years, the effect is positive, while the effect is positive but not statistically significant for mature firms (older than 25 years). These results demonstrate that the diversity of the organizational maturity in SMEs has an impact on their ability to combine activities that require different capabilities (technological vs market).Originality/valueThis paper offers a theoretical contribution to the literature on domain ambidexterity, as it shows that combining contemporary innovation-related activities with international activities may constrain the performance of SMEs, according to the age of the firm. It extends the theoretical framework of domain ambidexterity to international studies and it reconciles previous mixed evidence about the combination of innovation and internationalization activities of SMEs.
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Hendarmin, Hendarmin, and Metasari Kartika. "Pemetaan Ekonomi Kreatif Subsektor Kuliner di Kota Pontianak." Jurnal Ekonomi Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan 7, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jebik.v7i1.24578.
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This study aims to map the creative economy culinary subsector of Pontianak City in 2017 based on Creative Economy Indonesian Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) and structure-conduct-performance (SCP) approach. This study also maps the characteristic of creative economy actor culinary subsector based on age and education, as well as observes the creativity of culinary subsector in Pontianak City. This study used qualitative descriptive method with study object in Pontianak City. The sampling method used was stratified random sample with 287 total samples. The result was the creative economy scopes in Pontianak City mostly are restaurants, stalls, and café. The economy creative actor for culinary subsector in Pontianak is 40 years old in average and 51.2% had high school as their educational background. The creativity of culinary subsector in Pontianak City were 41.1% involving the trained chef, 8,4% routinely creates new menu, 14.3% consists the local cuisine, 51,2% gives culinary experience for the consumers, and 29.3% has used technology. Based on the SCP approach (1) 95.5% culinary business model in Pontianak City are independent, (2) 79.8% (229 respondents) of the creative economy actors stated they determine the price by themselves; from 229 respondents, 120 respondents determined their own prices after finding out their rival’s prices, (3) 87.1% marketing strategy still use word of mouths marketing technique, (4) the business turnover per month ranging from IDR 400.000- > IDR 80.000.000 and manpower recruiting with micro business criteria (1-4 people) for 88.2% while small business (5-19 people) for 11,8%.
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Bektas, Prof Dr Cetin. "EDITORIAL." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): I. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v6i3.4578.
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It is with great honor that we edit the proceedings of “8th World Conference on Business, Economics and Management (BEM-2019)”, Grand Park Lara Hotel Convention Center, Antalya, Turkey, 26-28 April 2019. This privileged scientific event has contributed to the field of ELT for the eight year.
As the guest editors of this issue, we are glad to have received a variety of articles focusing on Accounting, International Finance, Advertising Management, Labor Economics, Business & Economics, Labor Relations & Human Resource Management, Business Ethics, Law and Economics, Business Intelligence, Management Information Systems, Business Information Systems, Management Science, Business Law, Market Structure and Pricing, Business Performance Management, Marketing Research and Strategy, Business Statistics, Marketing Theory and Applications, Change Managementi Operations Research, Communications Management, Organizational Behavior & Theory, Comparative Economic Systems, Organizational Communication, Consumer Behavior, Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles, Corporate Finance and Governance, Product Management, Corporate Governance, Production and Organizations, Cost Management, Production/Operations Management, Decision Sciences, Public Administration and Small Business Entrepreneurship, Development Planning and Policy, Public Choice, Economic Development, Public Economics and Finance, Economic Methodology, Public Relations, Economic Policy, Public Responsibility and Ethics, E-Bussiness, Regulatory Economics, E- Marketing, Resource Management, Economic Systems, Strategic Management, Entrepreneurship, Strategic Management Policy, Finance & Investment, Stress Management, Financial Economics, Supply Change Management, Global Business, Systems Management, Global Marketing, Systems Thinking, Growth; Aggregate Productivity, Taxes (related areas of taxes), Household Behavior and Family Economics, Technological Change; Research and Development, Human Resource, Technology & Innovation, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Time Management, Information Systems, Total Quality Management, Information Technology Management, Travel/Transportation/Tourism, International Business, Welfare Economics, International Economics etc. Furthermore, the conference is getting more international each year, which is an indicator that it is getting worldwide known and recognized. Scholars from all over the world contributed to the conference. Special thanks are to all the reviewers, the members of the international editorial board, the publisher, and those involved in technical processes. We would like to thank all who contributed to in every process to make this issue actualized. A total of 45 full papers or abstracts were submitted for this conference and each paper has been peer reviewed by the reviewers specialized in the related field. At the end of the review process, a total of 12 high quality research papers were selected and accepted for publication.
I hope that you will enjoy reading the papers.
Best Regards
Guest Editors
Prof. Dr. Cetin Bektas, Gaziosmanpasa University, Turkey
Editorial Assistant
Zeynep Genc, Phd. Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Skrypko, Tetyana, and Mariya Harasymlyuk. "Intellectual specialization of entrepreneurship as a way of solving social and economic problems." Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, no. 1(135) (2019): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2019-1-2.
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Ukraine lags behind the developed countries in technological and economic spheres, by average income per capita, by renovation of production equipment, etc. Instead, comparatively high level of labour resources’ qualification and intellectual capacity remain to be the competitive advantage. Based on the theory of competitive advantages and current EU smart specialization strategy, it is possible to focus on technology-intensive industries oriented on exports to secure the countries’ sustainable development. The state of innovation activity of enterprises of industry, entrepreneurship sectors and regions is considered. The structure of the types of innovative activities of Ukrainian industrial enterprises for 2010-2017 includes internal and external impacts, such as the purchase of equipment and software, training of employees, etc. Statistical, table, questionnaire, factor analysis methods were used. The comparative analysis provides an innovative index of Ukraine and its 10 components (human resources, attractive research systems, innovation friendly environment, finance and support, firm investments, innovators, linkages, intellectual assets, employment impacts, sales impacts) calculated by EU economic experts according to the methodology The European Innovation Scoreboard. Based on the answers of the managers of small businesses, the bottlenecks of innovation management are grounded: internal (qualifications of managers and specialists), limited financial resources, risk of activities diversification) and external (corruption, formal approach of authorities and institutional infrastructure). The paper proves the reasonability of the state policy of further investment development and stimulation of the IT sector due to its low material resources, proper system of education of specialists, legal support and fiscal policy. The record high growth rate of the information services market and the corresponding high-intellectual cluster of specialists allows predicting the integration of the national industry into the international division of labor from the angle of geopolitical smart specialization.
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Lai, Wen-Hsiang, and Arch G. Woodside. "Heuristics-in-use in industrial interfirm-collaborating clusters." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 30, no. 3/4 (May 1, 2015): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-09-2012-0167.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to help interfirm-collaborating cluster (ICC) executives examine the relevance of alternative decision rules in practical business contexts. Multi-party-implemented strategies and establishing multi-lateral collaborations are necessary actions for achieving success in new product development by small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study explores interfirm decision-making heuristics relating to industrial ICCs. Design/methodology/approach – The study examines the relevancy to decision making in ICCs of heurstics such as “fast-and-frugal decision trees” (FFDTs) and “take-the-best” (TTB) to processing possibly influential decision-making cues. The study also examines simple heuristics versus the value of a “fully rational” approach to making decisions – calculating cue values, importance weights, multiplying values by weights, summing and selecting the option having the highest summed score. This study included interviewing executives of the pivotal firm in an ICC. Findings – This study reveals a decision-making solution for shortening the time and processes required in seeking new business collaboration partners in an ICC. This study not only develops a FFDT for six decision-making modules to quickly identify potential collaboration partners, but it also constructs a decision systems analysis (DSA) flowchart to effectively shorten the decision-making process. Research limitations/implications – This study is in accordance with the general type of industrial interfirm collaboration in Taiwan. The industrial interfirm collaboration could be further divided into the types of formal, semi-formal and informal industrial interfirm collaborations. Practical implications – This study argues that firms usually find it difficult to develop their own technology because of the high costs of research and development for SMEs. Therefore, firms need to collaborate with partners to maintain their competitive advantage. However, to collaborate, firms must learn to trust their collaboration partners, and the degree of collaboration also strongly depends on the degree to which they trust their collaboration partners. Originality/value – This study provides the efficient models of FFDT and DSA to quickly identify potential collaboration partners and to effectively shorten decision-making processes.