Academic literature on the topic 'Highway planning Roads'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Highway planning Roads.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Highway planning Roads"
1
Siewczyński, Borys. "COMPUTER VISUALISATION IN URBAN PLANNING OF HIGHWAY SURROUNDINGS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2004): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2004.9636287.
Full textAbstract:
Computer visualisation is described as useful instrument, that enables to design urban (municipal) surroundings of highways and other main (supralocal) road communication lines in optimal way. Capabilities of visualisation techniques are presented by selected examples of spatial planning and urban spaces design. The presented examples show importance of urban space perception from viewpoint of road traffic participant. The paper also describes aesthetic issues concerning design of urban and suburban spaces, connected with elements of main transit roads, and their technical infrastructure. Some exemplary design processes of wide near‐by highway areas, using architectural and town planning methodology aided by computer visualisation are described too, as the significance of visual presentation quality is in close connection with specific planning tasks. Computer visualisation, visual information is shown as instruments that allow local communities to participate in design, spatial planning, and legislation.
2
Marjuki, Bramantiyo, and Iwan Rudiarto. "Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis and Least-Cost Path on The Highway Route Planning: A Case Study of Bawen – Yogyakarta Highway, Indonesia." Geoplanning: Journal of Geomatics and Planning 7, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/geoplanning.7.2.113-130.
Full textAbstract:
Infrastructure planning ideally not only considers the geotechnical aspects and physical conditions of the infrastructure development location but also must be able to support regional development. One kind of spatial analysis technique which has capabilities to integrate various regional characteristics associated with its suitability for a particular use is spatial multi-criteria analysis. By using Bawen-Yogyakarta Toll Road Plan as a case study, this research is intended to apply route planning that takes into account regional characteristics, through the involvement of Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis, Analytic Hierarchy Process, and Least Cost Path analysis. The analysis results then compared with the government preferred route to see its advantages and disadvantages. The results show that the generated route from the analysis has several advantages over the government preferred route, while also having some shortcomings. The advantages of route analysis results compared to government preference routes include: better able to avoid earthquake and landslide-prone areas, better support to the preservation of protected areas, has more areas with flat to gentle topography, and have smaller additional construction cost as the consequences of intersection with existing roads, rivers and railways, In terms of affected land-use, generated route also has minimum negative impacts on the sustainability of agricultural land in the study area. The shortcomings of the analysis result are: not yet able to avoid flood and volcanic eruptions-prone areas as well as government’s preferences route, higher land acquisition cost estimation, and less support for industrial and tourism activities in the research area. Improvement of analysis methods, data, and cost assessment strategy is needed to obtain better results and more appropriate modeling and analysis, in order to support regional infrastructure planning and development.
3
Williams, Huw C. W. L., Dirk Van Vliet, and Kwang Sik Kim. "The Contribution of Suppressed and Induced Traffic in Highway Appraisal, Part 2: Policy Tests." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 33, no. 7 (July 2001): 1243–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a33204b.
Full textAbstract:
In conjunction with the equilibrium model and reference states developed in paper 1 we examine, over the period 2000 – 20, the effect of new roads and highway capacity changes, applied with and without road pricing, on vehicle emissions and economic (user) benefits. In particular, we quantify the elasticity effects on these outputs. By unifying the treatment of emission and economic benefits, we have confirmed that those conclusions of the 1994 report of the Standing Advisory Committee on Trunk Road Assessment relating to the effect of generated traffic on user benefits may be extended to the case of emissions. Specifically, we have shown both theoretically and numerically that, in congested conditions, elasticity effects may significantly undermine the emission benefits from new and expanded roads. With regard to both components of benefit we have drawn particular attention to the contribution of the off-peak period. For demand elasticities as low as −0.25 we also show that, compared with their evaluation under free use, the emission benefits derived from a road scheme may be significantly reduced, and user benefits moderately reduced, under a regime of congestion pricing. We finally address Foster's contention that the inclusion of induced traffic in road investment appraisal may improve the case for building and improving roads to a higher capacity. We discuss the theoretical conditions under which this may occur but suggest that these are unlikely to hold in practice.
4
Gardjito, Edy. "STUDY PERENCANAAN GEOMETRIK, PERKERASAN JALAN DAN PERENCANAAN ANGGARAN BIAYA PADA JALAN RAYA KALIDAWIR – Ds. NGUBALAN Kec. KALIDAWIR." UKaRsT 1, no. 2 (December 3, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/ukarst.v1i2.264.
Full textAbstract:
Kalidawir Highway Ngubalan Vilage which was originally a concrete rebate pavement located in the southern highland of Tulungagung City, is alternative road for local resident to go to the City area. So that the road can be sard to be guite crowded with traffic. So, here the author took the initiative to plane the road using flexible pavement. The hope for future, so it can be use as well as possible for the local Villagers. Even There included connecting roads between several villages.The method use in this planning is a method that is often used lag other planners, namely : Book Of Directorate General of Binamarga, 1970. Regulation Of Road Geometric Planning Directorate General Of Bina Marga, 1997. Procedures for planning geometric the inter city roads, The Center For Research and Development Jakarta, and use of others literature.The conclusion that can be get planning for this is, this way it is ±3.200 meter with width across 7 meter. Is available is 2 aligment horizontal PI 1 With radisius 200 meter as big as 34º33,5’5,82”. PI 2 radisius plan 150 meter as big as 34º4’22,29”. With surface course pavement = 5 cm, base course = 20 cm and sub base course = 15 cm.Keyword : Road Geometric Planning, Flexible Pavement and RAB
5
Ficek, Rosa E. "Imperial routes, national networks and regional projects in the Pan-American Highway, 1884–1977." Journal of Transport History 37, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 129–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526616654699.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the planning and construction of the Pan-American Highway by focusing on interactions among engineers, government officials, manufacturers, auto enthusiasts, and road promoters from the United States and Latin America. It considers how the Pan-American Highway was made by projects to extend U.S. influence in Latin America but also by Latin American nationalist and regionalist projects that put forward alternative ideas about social and cultural difference—and cooperation—across the Americas. The transnational negotiations that shaped the Pan-American Highway show how roads, as they bring people and places into contact with each other, mobilize diverse actors and projects that can transform the geography and meaning of these technologies.
6
Hasan, Mehedi, and Mohd Abdus Sobhan. "Highway Failure and Their Maintenance: A Study of Rajshahi Metropolitan City, Rajshahi, Bangladesh." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation Technology 3, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31427/ijstt.2020.3.2.2.
Full textAbstract:
Total length of paved road in Rajshahi City is about 186.64 km (2011 census). It shows that about 23% of total road lengths are present in failure condition. This study shows an investigation to compute the flexible pavement’s failure types, to define and identify the causes, and select the best maintenance for that failures of flexible pavement within Rajshahi City. There are many types of failures occur on the roads such as different types of cracks, potholes, raveling, water bleeding, corrugation and shoving, depression, and rutting. The possible causes of flexible pavement failures are improper bituminous mixes with poor quality of materials, heavy traffic loads, heavy rainfall, and bad drainage on pavement. The failures are gradually raised due to lack of proper planning, inspection, and treatment. These failures create different types of disadvantages like traffic jam, discomfort to the passengers as well as drivers, increasing vehicle operating, maintenance cost, etc. This study proves that the authorities practice maintenance procedures to repair the failures of pavement which are about 60% similar to the conventional road maintenance procedures. The authorities as Roads and Highway Department and Rajshahi City Corporation are suggested to do maintenance according to the requirements of urgent maintenance and availability of fund which is found in this investigation.
7
Qiu, Kaijin, Kai Sun, Kou Ding, and Zhen Shu. "A FAST AND ROBUST ALGORITHM FOR ROAD EDGES EXTRACTION FROM LIDAR DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 16, 2016): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b5-693-2016.
Full textAbstract:
Fast mapping of roads plays an important role in many geospatial applications, such as infrastructure planning, traffic monitoring, and driver assistance. How to extract various road edges fast and robustly is a challenging task. In this paper, we present a fast and robust algorithm for the automatic road edges extraction from terrestrial mobile LiDAR data. The algorithm is based on a key observation: most roads around edges have difference in elevation and road edges with pavement are seen in two different planes. In our algorithm, we firstly extract a rough plane based on RANSAC algorithm, and then multiple refined planes which only contains pavement are extracted from the rough plane. The road edges are extracted based on these refined planes. In practice, there is a serious problem that the rough and refined planes usually extracted badly due to rough roads and different density of point cloud. To eliminate the influence of rough roads, the technology which is similar with the difference of DSM (digital surface model) and DTM (digital terrain model) is used, and we also propose a method which adjust the point clouds to a similar density to eliminate the influence of different density. Experiments show the validities of the proposed method with multiple datasets (e.g. urban road, highway, and some rural road). We use the same parameters through the experiments and our algorithm can achieve real-time processing speeds.
8
Qiu, Kaijin, Kai Sun, Kou Ding, and Zhen Shu. "A FAST AND ROBUST ALGORITHM FOR ROAD EDGES EXTRACTION FROM LIDAR DATA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B5 (June 16, 2016): 693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b5-693-2016.
Full textAbstract:
Fast mapping of roads plays an important role in many geospatial applications, such as infrastructure planning, traffic monitoring, and driver assistance. How to extract various road edges fast and robustly is a challenging task. In this paper, we present a fast and robust algorithm for the automatic road edges extraction from terrestrial mobile LiDAR data. The algorithm is based on a key observation: most roads around edges have difference in elevation and road edges with pavement are seen in two different planes. In our algorithm, we firstly extract a rough plane based on RANSAC algorithm, and then multiple refined planes which only contains pavement are extracted from the rough plane. The road edges are extracted based on these refined planes. In practice, there is a serious problem that the rough and refined planes usually extracted badly due to rough roads and different density of point cloud. To eliminate the influence of rough roads, the technology which is similar with the difference of DSM (digital surface model) and DTM (digital terrain model) is used, and we also propose a method which adjust the point clouds to a similar density to eliminate the influence of different density. Experiments show the validities of the proposed method with multiple datasets (e.g. urban road, highway, and some rural road). We use the same parameters through the experiments and our algorithm can achieve real-time processing speeds.
9
Abiansyah, Lutfi, and Andri Irfan Rifai. "Analysis Traffic Volume of Rigid Pavement Damage on Roads Badami Karawang." Journal of World Conference (JWC) 2, no. 2 (March 31, 2020): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/prd.v2i2.221.
Full textAbstract:
The road was a means of land transport is very important to the social relations and economic goods and services, and with a population that is increasing in every year to year, increasing the number of vehicles passing on the road that there is, therefore, in need planning a safe way according to the function, volume, and nature of traffic. Road repairs cost a lot and this action is felt not quite right because remedies can not survive by age plans and in kutif of IDN Times in 2019 that the condition damages the highway in the district of Karawang based on data from the Department of Public Works and Spatial Planning (PUPR) Khanewal district, along with the road status 1937.53 kilometers of district roads in poor condition. (IDN Times, 2019). This study was conducted to assess how much influence the volume of vehicles to the damage occurred on roads Badami karawang at STA 0 + 000-0 + 500 and STA 2 + 250-2 + 750, to examine the above problems by analyzing data from LHR and road damage the method of Highways, then further by looking at the correlation between the volume of vehicles on the road destruction by using SPSS and to increase the strength of rigid pavement using cement concrete road pavement planning 2003 is an additional layer (overlay) using the rigid pavement. From the analysis and discussion get Simultaneous Effect Hypothesis Test results that the Sig. (0,000) <α (0.05) and f count (35.671)> F table (3.89) H0 is rejected. It can be concluded that the simultaneous effect of the Light Vehicle Road damage of 33.8%, the simultaneous effect of the Heavy Vehicle Road damage amounted to 47.7%, Motorcycles simultaneous effect on road damage by 12.1% and the simultaneous effect of Motor Vehicles not to road damage by 14.2%, the result of the identification of the type and class of road damage indicates that the need for administration of additional layer (overlay) as a treatment for damage to roads, based on the analysis of the design used road repair method with a design life of 10 years, namely: (Overlay) Rigid Pavement (Rigid Pavement) as thick as 18 cm .and of analysts earn fees at cost (overlay) Rigid Pavement (Rigid Pavement) Rp. 9,114,626,20 / segments.
10
Tsarenkova, I. M. "Economic Fundamentals for Selecting Directions for Modernization of Highway Network." Science & Technique 17, no. 4 (July 31, 2018): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-4-331-337.
Full textAbstract:
The paper proposes a methodological approach to selection of rational directions for modernization of highway network while taking into account an increasing requirements of the national economy in a modern transport infrastructure being formed under conditions of the development of national transport and logistics system. The initial data required for variant development of design solutions contain information on existing transport and operational characteristics of the road network, intraand inter regional transport and economic relations, formed logistics supply chains, volume and structure of transportation and possible development stages for certain sections of highways. In this case initial data have a certain degree of uncertainty that requires to take design decisions with due consideration of the possibility to change information in a certain interval. The proposed options to use economic criteria make it possible to assess efficiency of logistics systems and their participants carry out operations pertaining to supply and handling of products and cargoes on specific sections of a road network and these measures are proceeding from common goals based not only on national or regional level, but also on the global level in the context of strategic planning. Study objectives play a significant role in selection of a calculation method, as well as its structure, a degree of its aggregation. Construction of an optimal scheme for modernization of a highway network presupposes to determine such totality of design solutions for construction, reconstruction and repair of motor roads with year-wise distribution for calculation period and certain network sections and such distribution of their freight flows when an amount of the reduced costs for transportation of the entire volume of products and modernization of motor roads would be minimal in accordance with transportation rates.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Highway planning Roads"
1
Rajamohan, Venkatramani. "Highway cost-benefit analysis system." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=781.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 152 p. : ill. (some col.) Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-113).
2
Lee, Moon-bor Bob, and 李滿坡. "Optimization of highway networks." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31952677.
Full text
3
Lo, Wing-chee Wincci. "Public participation in transport planning in Hong Kong : how well does the road infrastructure planning in Hong Kong encourage public participation? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25248443.
Full text
4
Adams, David Lewis. "Integrating travel time reliability into management of highways." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 52 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459913561&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full text
5
盧穎芝 and Wing-chee Wincci Lo. "Public participation in transport planning in Hong Kong: how well does the road infrastructure planning in HongKong encourage public participation?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260895.
Full text
6
Burger, Everardt. "Urban planning approach for improvement of road safety in suburban arterial roads of Bloemfontein city, South Africa." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/182.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M. Tech. (Civil Engineering)) -- Central University of Technology, free State, 2013According to the Road Traffic Management Corporation (RTMC) of South Africa, a large number of accidents involving motor vehicles occur annually on the arterial roads passing through the suburban residential areas of the cities of South Africa. This problem warrants planning and design interventions for the reduction of vehicular accidents and the consequent improvement of road safety on these city roads. Based on this premise, an investigation was conducted to explore the major causes of vehicular accidents, and to develop a set of urban planning and design guidelines to reduce vehicular accidents in suburban arterial roads of a city and to improve the road safety appreciably. The investigation was conducted by considering the suburban areas of Bloemfontein city of Free State, South Africa as the study area. A survey research methodology was followed for this purpose, and data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Sample surveys were conducted in four different suburban areas of the city to collect primary data and to acquire firsthand information for understanding the scenario at grassroots level. The surveys included household surveys, in order to understand the demographic, socio-economic, and perceptual infrastructural conditions of the study area and their influence on vehicular accidents; road geometrical design parameter surveys; and traffic surveys to understand the road geometry and traffic-related scenarios in the city. In addition, structured statistical data was collected from secondary sources, such as published and unpublished literature and a range of other documents. The data collected was analysed statistically to find the major control parameters influencing vehicular accidents in the suburban arterial roads, and to establish relationships between vehicular accidents and the major control parameters. Based on the analyses, a theoretical linear multiple regression model establishing relationships between the vehicular accidents as the dependent variable and vehicular traffic-related variables (speed of vehicles and average daily traffic), road geometry design variables (road width and median width), and spatial variables (land use and land form in the form of the number of access points from residential areas to arterial routes), was developed to observe the number of accidents under varied simulated scenarios. The simulated model results were employed to develop various policy scenarios to reduce accidents and to improve road safety in the study area. The investigation revealed that, under the composite scenario of the reduction of number of accesses from residential areas to arterial roads, speed, and average daily traffic along with the increase of road width and median width, the occurrence of vehicular accidents in the arterial roads of suburban areas of the city would be reduced and road safety would be improved significantly. It was also observed that residential areas with limited vehicular access from residential areas to arterial roads would have fewer vehicular accidents than residential areas having unrestricted access. Consequently, the number of access points from residential areas to arterial roads in suburban areas of the city would need to be limited, depending on the functions and land use of the area, to improve road safety.
7
BONKAT, BARNABAS NANPAK. "ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATING ROADWAY UPGRADING STRATEGY FOR LOW-VOLUME HIGHWAYS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187926.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research was to develop a simplified analytical procedure for determining the optimal timing for upgrading low-volume roads in developing countries. Most roadway upgradings from gravel to surface treated and to asphaltic concrete are carried out when total transport cost on a road becomes high as a result of high traffic and the consequent rapid deterioration of the roadway. Adequate timing of upgrading strategies ensures effective use of resources and lower total transport cost. This study examined existing systems, models, and approaches for estimating total transport cost components. An analytical procedure was then developed using a decision-tree concept to delineate all possible upgrading strategies within a plan period. The decision-tree concept depicts all the possible upgrading strategies within a plan period with decisions on roadway upgrading made at certain decision intervals. The total transport cost of the upgrading strategies is evaluated to establish the optimal strategies and traffic warrants for improving a roadway surface. A computer program PVMNT was written to facilitate the computation of the total transport cost. A case study was presented to demonstrate the application of the analytical procedure. The case study revealed interesting results on the changes of optimal upgrading strategies with changes in base traffic volume and growth rate. However, general conclusions could not be drawn based on the results of the case study. These results, as well as the analytical procedure, should be of interest to engineers responsible for providing low-volume roads in developing countries.
8
Zuyeva, Lyubov I. "Equity issues in HOV-to-HOT conversion on I-85 North in Atlanta." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28267.
Full text
9
Varas, Santisteban Esteban. "Landscape planning along a scenic corridor for Highways 180 and 64/180 in northern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277184.
Full textAbstract:
The major goal is to reveal the need to understand the dynamics and impacts of landscape change from a current temporal perspective. This is performed here through the study of various settings in the landscape along Highways 180 and 64/180 in Arizona, being proposed for State Scenic Road designation. Selected landscape segments is the subject and the highways are a flexible platform from which to observe and assess these landscapes. Once sources, kinds of, and magnitude of possible or potential landscape changes and impacts are identified, this study proceeds to prescribe landscape planning strategies for their scenic and open space protection and enhancement. Potential landscape change and its impact should be predicted in order to plan and manage for the protection and enhancement of desired landscape values into the future. It can input people's perceptions to appreciate landscape values from varied perspectives such as: aesthetic, ecological, cultural, and socioeconomic.
10
Twagirimana, Janvier. "Establishing and applying speed-flow relationships for traffic on rural two-lane two- way highways in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85825.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MScEng)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Speed-flow-density relationships are the most useful tools in the highway design and planning process. They are useful in predicting the roadway capacity, in determining the adequate level-of-service of traffic flow and in determining travel time for a given roadway. Two-lane two-way rural highways constitute the vast majority of the rural road network in South Africa. Nowadays in the Western Cape and other provinces of South Africa, the speed-flow-density relationships normally used for rural transportation studies are derived from the Highway Capacity Manual, which reflects the traffic conditions in the North American situation. Since the North American traffic conditions may be different from the South African conditions, a need to investigate speed-flow-density relationships on these highways in South Africa arises in order to justify any investment made on these roads. In this context, a video technique was used to collect traffic flow data during morning peak hours on two rural two-lane two-way highways in the Western Cape Province in order to investigate these relationships. Through the use of Adobe premiere C.S 6 software, travel time of individual vehicles and distance headways were measured and used in computation of average speed and average density. Several researchers have developed models to describe the relationships between traffic characteristics on uninterrupted flow facilities. In this study, some of these models were tested using collected data in order to investigate which model fits the data satisfactorily. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the ability of each model to predict the flow characteristics over the whole range of data. Average speed and density data were used through regression analysis to perform curve fitting and testing of these developed models. In the next stage, the model which provided a best representation of the data on each section was selected and through the application of the steady-state equation (2.1), flow-density and speed-flow relationships were established on these sections. The available data were also used to investigate the impact the observation time has on the speed-flow curve and the resulting capacity value. Finally, the developed speed-flow curves were used to determine the capacities of the study sections. These capacity values were used to determine if the shoulder usage contributes in increasing the capacity of two-lane two-way highways by comparing them to the capacity provided by HCM.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Spoed-vloei-digtheid verhoudings is baie handig in die beplanning en ontwerp van paaie. Dit kan ook gebruik word in die voorspelling van kapasiteit, diensvlak en reistyd. Twee-laan twee-rigting paaie maak die grootste deel van die Suid-Afrikaanse padnetwerk uit en vir die beplanning daarvan word van Amerikaanse spoed-vloei-digtheid verhoudings gebruik gemaak aangesien daar nog nie voorheen ‘n studie hiervan in SA gemaak is nie. Video-opnames is gebruik om verkeersvloeidata op twee paaie in die omgewing van Stellenbosch te versamel. Die reistyd en digtheid van individuele voertuie is tydens spitstye waargeneem. Die data is gebruik om te bepaal watter modelle die beste is om die spoed-vloei-digtheid verhoudings vir hierdie paaie te modelleer. Die beste modelle is dan gebruik om die kapasiteit van die paaie te bepaal en dit te vergelyk met die Amerikaanse waardes.
Books on the topic "Highway planning Roads"
4
McNeil, Dana. Nebraska Department of Road [i.e. Roads]: Project selection, prioritization and funding. Lincoln, Neb: Performance Audit Committee, Legislative Audit Office, 2012.
Find full text
5
Authority, National Roads. National roads needs study, July 1998. Dublin: NRA, 1998.
Find full text
6
Tasmania. Parliament. Standing Committee on Public Works. North east freight roads. [Hobart, Tasmania]: Parliament of Tasmania, 2012.
Find full text
7
Tasmania. Parliament. Standing Committee on Public Works. Brooker Highway upgrade. Hobart: Parliament of Tasmania, Parliamentary Standing Committee on Public Works, 2009.
Find full text
8
Werner, Al. Canadian survey of two-lane highway problems and planning practices. Ottawa: Transportation Association of Canada, 1994.
Find full text
9
Highways, Montana Dept of. Project no. IR 15-4(63)191, Interstate 15 Beltview interchange: Attachment to the draft environmental impact statement to constitute the final EIS. Helena, Mont.]: Montana Dept. of Highways, 1986.
Find full text
10
Zhongguo gao su gong lu jian she mo shi yan jiu: Yi Xinnan gao su gong lu jian she mo shi wei li = Research on the model of highway construction in China : taking the Xinyang-Nanyang highway as an example. Beijing Shi: Jing ji guan li chu ban she, 2009.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Highway planning Roads"
1
"Climate as a factor in the planning and design of new roads and motorways." In Highway Meteorology. Spon Press, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203473498.ch1.
Full text
2
"Road and Highway Planning." In Transportation Planning Handbook, 317–53. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119174660.ch9.
Full text
3
Francis, Oceana, Linqiang Yang, Harrison Togia, and Gleb Panteleev. "Development of an Ocean Hazards Classification Scheme (OHCS) for Projecting Future Scenario Vulnerability Ranking on Coastal Built Infrastructure." In Coastal Environments. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94996.
Full textAbstract:
From many sources, we develop an ocean hazard classification scheme (OHCS) based on the collection of historical and projected ocean hazards data at 302 locations along Hawaii’s state coastal highways. The OHCS identifies ocean hazards impacting coastal built infrastructure, i.e. roadways. In the OHCS, we first rank the vulnerability of: sea level rise; waves; shoreline change; tsunami; and storm surge. Next, using our developed OHCS, provide the vulnerability ranking for all five variables combined. We find the highest OHCS to be on Molokai, the island that has the highest OHCS numbers for most of the island. For the majority of state highway locations in Hawaii, we find the highest vulnerability is from storm surge, with tsunami threat being the second largest contributor. Sea level rise should also be considered a contributor since higher sea levels contribute to more extreme storm surge and tsunami inundation. Although the OHCS is applied towards roads in our study, our method can be applied towards any coastal island-based built infrastructure vulnerability scheme. This is an important tool in planning for future construction projects or identifying which hazards to focus on in more detailed assessments, such a probabilistic risk assessment in a more localized location.
4
Dyson, James. "Highway Robbery." In Humanizing Cities Through Car-Free City Development and Transformation, 204–30. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3507-3.ch009.
Full textAbstract:
Just how much land do we devote to highways, not just road surfaces, but verges, embankments, cuttings, car parks, and other related infrastructure byproducts? Do the professionals planning our towns and cities know? This chapter introduces an analytical tool to estimate the land-take of highways using mapping techniques to produce a plan or percentage figure and makes a comparative analysis across other urban centres. The outcome might be linked to quite different measures of civic success such as urban happiness, pedestrian safety, or retail occupancy.
5
Heslop, Luke, and Laura Jeffery. "Encountering Chinese development in the Maldives." In Highways and Hierarchies. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463723046_ch07.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines the longest and most developed road in the Maldives archipelago, a fifteen-kilometre-long link road connecting four islands of the Laamu (or Haddummati) Atoll. In the planning phase, there were tensions between those who argued that the road should connect houses to the school and the mosque and those who argued that the road should connect the harbour to the market. Such appeals, bifurcated along gender lines, reflect local mobility concerns and were tied to existing political rifts between the four islands that were intensified by the appearance of a new infrastructural asset. The built road facilitates a multitude of local encounters as people travel further and more regularly, but it is also through the road that islanders encounter the global forces of capital and construction that shape their islands. The Laamu link road was a ‘gift’ from the Chinese government, constructed by the Jiangsu Transportation Engineering Group (JTEG), and amidst local mobility concerns and inter-island politics swirl rumours and hearsay of land grabs and international power struggles between China, India, the US, and Saudi Arabia. This chapter, as well as being an ethnographic exposition of Chinese infrastructure development in a South Asian archipelago, explores the road as a social experience as it crosscuts competing visions of modernity, global connectivity, and anxiety about material change on remote coral atolls in the Indian Ocean.
6
Mailer, Markus. "Multi-Modal Assessment of Highway Performance." In Engineering Tools and Solutions for Sustainable Transportation Planning, 286–302. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2116-7.ch013.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter presents a multi-modal method for the assessment of highway performance. It is derived by extending a traditional assessment concept step by step taking into account the capacity and quality of different modes on the road as well as in the corridor. It defines an appropriate performance target and explains why a multi-modal concept has to consider transport demand in persons and goods rather than traffic volumes in vehicle units. It is shown that the concept allows for different options and measures to improve traffic quality and so supports the efficient use of existing infrastructure and the effective allocation of limited funds.
7
Bratman, Eve Z. "The Roads through the Forest." In Governing the Rainforest, 109–51. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190949389.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 4 focuses on the legacy of modernization-oriented planning processes, which are reinforced through transposition into the language and logics of sustainable development planning concerning how lands bordering the Transamazon and BR-163 highways will be protected, even as those roads are paved. The experiences of sustainable development explored in this chapter reveal how techno-managerial coordination and institutional capacity plays out on vulnerable landscapes and frequently marginalized populations, with consequences that are full of friction and imbalanced privilege. They also reveal how historically constituted relationships and understandings of modernity inform development projects, often reproducing long-standing inequalities.
8
(Wie) Yusuf, Juita-Elena, Lenahan L. O'Connell, Donta Council, Khairul Azfi Anuar, David Chapman, Tancy Vandecar-Burdin, and Meagan M. Jordan. "Support for and Behavioral Responses to Tolls." In Building a Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure for Long-Term Economic Growth, 113–44. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7396-8.ch006.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter analyzes the experiences with tolling in the Hampton Roads region of Southeastern Virginia to better understand residents' and drivers' support for tolls and behavioral responses to tolls. The Hampton Roads region, with its population of 1.7 million and extensive network of highways, roads, bridges, and tunnels, has a long history of toll facilities that date back to the 1920s. The most recent tunnel tolls, associated with the Elizabeth River Crossing Project and introduced in February 2014, are the focus of this chapter. This chapter analyzes two sets of survey data to provide insights that have implications for policies regarding tolling: (1) The Life in Hampton Roads Surveys which includes questions about support for tolls and toll avoidance behaviors; and (2) two surveys (pre- and post- toll implementation) commissioned by the regional transportation planning organization.
9
Beckett-Camarata, Jane. "Capital Management and Budgeting Processes in Albania." In Capital Management and Budgeting in the Public Sector, 157–79. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7329-6.ch008.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter investigates, analyzes, and compares capital management and budgeting processes in Albania and the implications for road and highway infrastructure investment. It is a case study of Albania's capital management and budgeting processes seen through the framework of the Srithongrung, Yusuf, and Kriz normative model. The analysis and insights derived suggest a mixed picture of the contribution that the current capital management and budgeting processes make on the country's capital investment and its economic growth and development. Albania's capital management and budgeting processes are not consistent with the normative framework as follows: (1) the fragmentation and political involvement in capital improvement planning (CIP), (2) forecasting bias and fragmentation in the forecasting process resulting in misalignment and lack of prioritizing new capital investments, (3) shortcomings in the capital financing strategies stemming from court decisions and weak budgetary controls, (4) centralized execution and project management in monitoring highways maintenance.
10
Easa, Said, Yang Ma, Ashraf Elshorbagy, Ahmed Shaker, Songnian Li, and Shriniwas Arkatkar. "Visibility-Based Technologies and Methodologies for Autonomous Driving." In Self-driving Vehicles and Enabling Technologies [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95328.
Full textAbstract:
The three main elements of autonomous vehicles (AV) are orientation, visibility, and decision. This chapter presents an overview of the implementation of visibility-based technologies and methodologies. The chapter first presents two fundamental aspects that are necessary for understanding the main contents. The first aspect is highway geometric design as it relates to sight distance and highway alignment. The second aspect is mathematical basics, including coordinate transformation and visual space segmentation. Details on the Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) system, which represents the ‘eye’ of the AV are presented. In particular, a new Lidar 3D mapping system, that can be operated on different platforms and modes for a new mapping scheme is described. The visibility methodologies include two types. Infrastructure visibility mainly addresses high-precision maps and sight obstacle detection. Traffic visibility (vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists) addresses identification of critical positions and visibility estimation. Then, an overview of the decision element (path planning and intelligent car-following) for the movement of AV is presented. The chapter provides important information for researchers and therefore should help to advance road safety for autonomous vehicles.
Conference papers on the topic "Highway planning Roads"
1
Jafari, Rouhollah, Shuqing Zeng, Nikolai Moshchuk, and Bakhtiar Litkouhi. "Reactive path planning for emergency steering maneuvers on highway roads." In 2017 American Control Conference (ACC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acc.2017.7963398.
Full text
2
Eusofe, Zarulazam, and Sazali Harun. "Large Scale Infrastructure Project Implementation in Malaysia. A Case Study – Metropolitan Highways in Klang Valley: Damansara-Shah Alam Elevated Highway (DASH)." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0685.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The rapid socioeconomic development in the Klang Valley has resulted in a surge of freight and passenger transport movements and an increase in demand for better quality of roads, road networks, and transport systems. Hence, the construction of the Damansara-Shah Alam Elevated Highway (DASH) project was proposed to ease traffic congestion, by efficiently dispersing the traffic coming from the surrounding townships, and by providing connectivity between the Puncak Alam catchment and the Damansara North area. The case study, namely the DASH project, will be a 16.3 km expressway traversing from Puncak Perdana in the west to Damansara Perdana in the east. The DASH project has been chosen to illustrate the various processes and challenges involved in its planning and design and in the fulfillment of its pre-construction requirements. Currently, this project is at its early stage of construction and is scheduled to be completed by August 2020.</p>
3
Bhowmick, Alok, and Sanjay Jain. "Challenges in Design & Construction of Elevated Grade Separators with Wide Deck & Single Central Pier, in urban areas." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0219.
Full textAbstract:
<p>India’s transport sector is large and diverse; it caters to the needs of 1.25 billion people. Roads are the dominant mode of transportation in India today. They carry almost 90 percent of the country’s passenger traffic and 65 percent of its freight. Cognizant of the need to create an adequate road network to cater to the increased traffic and movement of goods, Government of India has recently allotted Rs 640 billion (US$ 9.55 billion) to National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) for roads and highways and Rs 270 billion (US$ 4.03 billion) for rural roads under PMGSY scheme (as on 20th April 2017). One of the impediment in the fast progress of road infrastructure is acquisition of land & related regulatory hurdles. Completion of as many as 112 projects of NHAI is delayed on account of such factors. There is a restriction of the available width and to spread the road horizontally. Therefore, present trend in urban areas is to go for elevated grade separators, wherein both surface level as well as elevated road can be fully utilised for traffic movement. By avoiding costly land acquisition, it results in reduction in cost of the project and certainly segregate local and fast moving traffic, thereby further increasing speed of movement. Design and Construction of such elevated corridors however poses many challenges to structural engineers. Restricted work space during construction adds to the challenge and brings out many innovative solutions to the problems. This paper discusses case studies of number of such projects for which the authors are presently associated in design and construction planning. These projects are in various stages of construction.</p>
4
McDougall, Mark, and Ken Williamson. "Access and Logistics Challenges in Mountain Terrain Pipeline Projects." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33521.
Full textAbstract:
Oil and gas production in Canada’s west has led to the need for a significant increase in pipeline capacity to reach export markets. Current proposals from major oil and gas transportation companies include numerous large diameter pipelines across the Rocky Mountains to port locations on the coast of British Columbia (BC), Canada. The large scale of these projects and the rugged terrain they cross lead to numerous challenges not typically faced with conventional cross-country pipelines across the plains. The logistics and access challenges faced by these mountain pipeline projects require significant pre-planning and assessment, to determine the timing, cost, regulatory and environmental impacts. The logistics of pipeline construction projects mainly encompasses the transportation of pipe and pipeline materials, construction equipment and supplies, and personnel from point of manufacture or point of supply to the right-of-way (ROW) or construction area. These logistics movement revolve around the available types of access routes and seasonal constraints. Pipeline contractors and logistics companies have vast experience in moving this type of large equipment, however regulatory constraints and environmental restrictions in some locations will lead to significant pre-planning, permitting and additional time and cost for material movement. In addition, seasonal constraints limit available transportation windows. The types of access vary greatly in mountain pipeline projects. In BC, the majority of off-highway roads and bridges were originally constructed for the forestry industry, which transports logs downhill whereas the pipeline industry transports large equipment and pipeline materials in both directions and specifically hauls pipe uphill. The capacity, current state and location of these off-highway roads must be assessed very early in the process to determine viability and/or potential options for construction access. Regulatory requirements, environmental restrictions, season of use restrictions and road design must all be considered when examining the use of or upgrade of existing access roads and bridges. These same restrictions are even more critical to the construction of new access roads and bridges. The logistics and access challenges facing the construction of large diameter mountain pipelines in Western Canada can be managed with proper and timely planning. The cost of the logistics and access required for construction of these proposed pipeline projects will typically be greater than for traditional pipelines, but the key constraint is the considerable time requirement to construct the required new access and pre-position the appropriate material to meet the construction schedule. The entire project team, including design engineers, construction and logistics planners, and material suppliers must be involved in the planning stages to ensure a cohesive strategy and schedule. This paper will present the typical challenges faced in access and logistics for large diameter mountain pipelines, and a process for developing a comprehensive plan for their execution.
5
Sachakamol, Punnamee, and Liming Dai. "Noise Prediction Model Development for the Traffic Noise on Asphalt Rubber Roads." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13327.
Full textAbstract:
Traffic noise prediction techniques are important tools for assessing the effects of noise mitigation. A number of noise prediction models are available for predicting noise levels at a receptor point. Traditionally, these noise predictions are limited to road side areas, where the effects of building and other infrastructure act as a barrier impediment to noise propagation are not considered. This paper describes the application of simulation and modeling of a simplified traffic noise prediction method based on the U.S. FWHA highway and existing traffic noise prediction models. The simplification has been achieved mainly by using the assumption that traffic flow speeds of various vehicle classes are correlated and similar in magnitude Also, an assumption is made that ground attenuation depends not only on the type of ground cover but also on a horizontal distance between the source and the receiver. Finally, the research intends to numerically evaluate the tire-pavement noise of the road with Asphalt Rubber (AR) pavement to minimize the traffic noise generated by the pavement. The application of simulation and modeling by packaged software will be introduced for utilizing the results, planning purposes and preliminary prediction of the traffic noise level on the AR pavement road section in Saskatchewan. This traffic noise prediction model will be simple to use by any end users, particularly environmental planners, acoustic engineers, and non-specialists.
6
Meyer, Robert, Marcin Bulkowski, and Peter Bomba. "Replacement of the Schwelmetal Viaduct in Germany – Use of BIM." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.1836.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The Schwelmetal Viaduct is part of the federal highway A1 near Wuppertal, Germany. It spans over a major railway line, another federal and local road, as well as the Schwelme River. The scope includes the demolition of the existing 207 m long viaduct built in the 1960s while all traffic on and below the bridge must keep flowing. Moreover, the highly confined space allows for minimal tolerances and basically no extra construction space.</p><p>A very elaborate demolition and erection scheme has been developed to minimize traffic interruption. BIM has been chosen as planning tool to make sure the strict geometric restraints are not violated and a safe construction can be ensured. The whole design and construction process is BIM supported - including the use of BIM for all progress meetings with the client DEGES. This is the first time BIM is used for the construction of a major highway bridge in Germany.</p><p>This paper describes the developed demolition and erection sequence and shows the practical issues arising when using BIM as a planning tool and how the process can be optimized in the future.</p>
7
Shaikh, Mohammed Adil, Mangesh Sawant, Ajay Tank, Nirav Mody, and Amit Pandey. "Mumbai Metro Line 2A – Challenges in Design and Execution." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0299.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Mumbai Metro line 2A is part of the major Infrastructure overhaul being carried out in Mumbai under Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA). This line is planned from Dahisar in the northern boundary of the suburban city to Andheri in the heart of the suburbs. The overall length of the elevated corridor is about 20,6km with 17 stations, each of 185m length. The proposed metro line shall provide interconnectivity among the existing Western Express Highway, Western Railway, other existing and proposed metro lines. It is expected to reduce the traffic on highly congested suburban road network as well as the Western Express Highway. It is also expected to reduce the passenger load on the western line of the suburban railway network. This paper presents the various aspects of planning, design and construction considered for this project keeping in view its complexity with respect to location, space and time constraints.</p>
8
Wang, Qian, and Beshah Ayalew. "Obstacle Filtering Algorithm for Control of an Autonomous Road Vehicle in Public Highway Traffic." In ASME 2016 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2016-9835.
Full textAbstract:
This paper presents an obstacle filtering algorithm that mimics human driver-like grouping of objects within a model predictive control scheme for an autonomous road vehicle. In the algorithm, a time to collision criteria is first used as risk assessment indicator to filter the potentially dangerous obstacle object vehicles in the proximity of the autonomously controlled vehicle. Then, the filtered object vehicles with overlapping elliptical collision areas put into groups. A hyper elliptical boundary is regenerated to define an extended collision area for the group. To minimize conservatism, the parameters for the tightest hyper ellipse are determined by solving an optimization problem. By excluding undesired local minimums for the planning problem, the grouping alleviates limitations that arise from the limited prediction horizons used in the model predictive control. The computational details of the proposed algorithm as well as its performance are illustrated using simulations of an autonomously controlled vehicle in public highway traffic scenarios involving multiple other vehicles.
9
Vanholme, Benoit, Sebastien Glaser, Said Mammar, and Dominique Gruyer. "Manoeuvre-based trajectory planning for highly autonomous vehicles on real road with traffic." In 2009 European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2009.7074911.
Full text
10
Jacob, Anitha, Jisha Akkara, Jinesh K. J, and Jose P. Therattil. "Potential of Driver Physiological Measures for Assessing Non-Urban Highway Geometry." In International Web Conference in Civil Engineering for a Sustainable Planet. AIJR Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/proceedings.112.60.
Full textAbstract:
Life is a complex phenomenon, mostly controlled by sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. And it is quite dynamic in response to numerous stimulations getting from a system called, human-vehicle-environmental ensemble. Geometry is one of the fundamental stimulus for a driver driving on a highway. His/her mental workload will be based on the input he/she gets from the above system. A system that provides an optimum workload will be the most efficient one. This study explored the capability of different physiological measures to assess the quality of geometric design of non-urban highways. Heart rate, galvanic skin resistance and rate of eye blinking and their variance from base condition were the candidate measures under consideration. Radius of curve, length of curve, length of tangent section, superelevation at curves, degree of curvature, deflection angle and minimum available sight distance at curves were the geometric variables considered. The study included driving experiments done on 114 horizontal curves of gradient less than 2 percentage, each curve being driven over by 30 car drivers. The subjects were equipped with sensors for collecting physiological measures and continuous logging of the data along with geometric coordinates made the database for study. The study revealed the relationship between significant geometric variables and workload measures. The study will be a contribution in the field of road safety auditing, planning and designing of non-urban highways.
Reports on the topic "Highway planning Roads"
1
Duvvuri, Sarvani, and Srinivas S. Pulugurtha. Researching Relationships between Truck Travel Time Performance Measures and On-Network and Off-Network Characteristics. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1946.
Full textAbstract:
Trucks serve significant amount of freight tonnage and are more susceptible to complex interactions with other vehicles in a traffic stream. While traffic congestion continues to be a significant ‘highway’ problem, delays in truck travel result in loss of revenue to the trucking companies. There is a significant research on the traffic congestion mitigation, but a very few studies focused on data exclusive to trucks. This research is aimed at a regional-level analysis of truck travel time data to identify roads for improving mobility and reducing congestion for truck traffic. The objectives of the research are to compute and evaluate the truck travel time performance measures (by time of the day and day of the week) and use selected truck travel time performance measures to examine their correlation with on-network and off-network characteristics. Truck travel time data for the year 2019 were obtained and processed at the link level for Mecklenburg County, Wake County, and Buncombe County, NC. Various truck travel time performance measures were computed by time of the day and day of the week. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed to select the average travel time (ATT), planning time index (PTI), travel time index (TTI), and buffer time index (BTI) for further analysis. On-network characteristics such as the speed limit, reference speed, annual average daily traffic (AADT), and the number of through lanes were extracted for each link. Similarly, off-network characteristics such as land use and demographic data in the near vicinity of each selected link were captured using 0.25 miles and 0.50 miles as buffer widths. The relationships between the selected truck travel time performance measures and on-network and off-network characteristics were then analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient analysis. The results indicate that urban areas, high-volume roads, and principal arterial roads are positively correlated with the truck travel time performance measures. Further, the presence of agricultural, light commercial, heavy commercial, light industrial, single-family residential, multi-family residential, office, transportation, and medical land uses increase the truck travel time performance measures (decrease the operational performance). The methodological approach and findings can be used in identifying potential areas to serve as truck priority zones and for planning decentralized delivery locations.
2
Kwon, Jaymin, Yushin Ahn, and Steve Chung. Spatio-Temporal Analysis of the Roadside Transportation Related Air Quality (STARTRAQ) and Neighborhood Characterization. Mineta Transportation Institute, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2010.
Full textAbstract:
To promote active transportation modes (such as bike ride and walking), and to create safer communities for easier access to transit, it is essential to provide consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public. The relevant and timely information from data facilitates the improvement of decision-making processes for the establishment of public policy and urban planning for sustainable growth, and for promoting public health in the region. For the characterization of the spatial variation of transportation-emitted air pollution in the Fresno/Clovis neighborhood in California, various species of particulate matters emitted from traffic sources were measured using real-time monitors and GPS loggers at over 100 neighborhood walking routes within 58 census tracts from the previous research, Children’s Health to Air Pollution Study - San Joaquin Valley (CHAPS-SJV). Roadside air pollution data show that PM2.5, black carbon, and PAHs were significantly elevated in the neighborhood walking air samples compared to indoor air or the ambient monitoring station in the Central Fresno area due to the immediate source proximity. The simultaneous parallel measurements in two neighborhoods which are distinctively different areas (High diesel High poverty vs. Low diesel Low poverty) showed that the higher pollution levels were observed when more frequent vehicular activities were occurring around the neighborhoods. Elevated PM2.5 concentrations near the roadways were evident with a high volume of traffic and in regions with more unpaved areas. Neighborhood walking air samples were influenced by immediate roadway traffic conditions, such as encounters with diesel trucks, approaching in close proximity to freeways and/or busy roadways, passing cigarette smokers, and gardening activity. The elevated black carbon concentrations occur near the highway corridors and regions with high diesel traffic and high industry. This project provides consolidated data-driven transportation information to the public including: 1. Transportation-related particle pollution data 2. Spatial analyses of geocoded vehicle emissions 3. Neighborhood characterization for the built environment such as cities, buildings, roads, parks, walkways, etc.