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Journal articles on the topic 'HiL (human in the Loop)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 22 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Natarajan, Sriraam, Saurabh Mathur, Sahil Sidheekh, Wolfgang Stammer, and Kristian Kersting. "Human-in-the-loop or AI-in-the-loop? Automate or Collaborate?" Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 39, no. 27 (2025): 28594–600. https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v39i27.35083.

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Human-in-the-loop (HIL) systems have emerged as a promising approach for combining the strengths of data-driven machine learning models with the contextual understanding of human experts. However, a deeper look into several of these systems reveals that calling them HIL would be a misnomer, as they are quite the opposite, namely AI-in-the-loop (AI2L) systems: the human is in control of the system, while the AI is there to support the human. We argue that existing evaluation methods often overemphasize the machine (learning) component's performance, neglecting the human expert's critical role.

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Varsha Rahul Dange. "Human in Loop Machine Learning: A Paradigm Shift." Panamerican Mathematical Journal 35, no. 1s (2024): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/pmj.v35.i1s.2295.

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This paper explores the transformative concept of Human-in-Loop (HIL) Machine Learning, which integrates human expertise into the machine learning process to enhance data quality, model accuracy, and ethical decision-making. Human interaction is added to traditional machine learning steps such data collection, preprocessing, model training, evaluation, and deployment through continuous feedback loops, data annotation, and model change. This integration makes use of human intuition and experience to enhance algorithm performance and model interpretability, hence mitigating the drawbacks of enti

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Avdic, Selmir, Brian P. McSharry, Megan Steain, et al. "Human Cytomegalovirus-Encoded Human Interleukin-10 (IL-10) Homolog Amplifies Its Immunomodulatory Potential by Upregulating Human IL-10 in Monocytes." Journal of Virology 90, no. 8 (2016): 3819–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.03066-15.

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ABSTRACTThe human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) gene UL111A encodes cytomegalovirus-encoded human interleukin-10 (cmvIL-10), a homolog of the potent immunomodulatory cytokine human interleukin 10 (hIL-10). This viral homolog exhibits a range of immunomodulatory functions, including suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production and dendritic cell (DC) maturation, as well as inhibition of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II. Here, we present data showing that cmvIL-10 upregulates hIL-10, and we identify CD14+monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages and DCs as major source

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Gil, Miriam, Manoli Albert, Joan Fons, and Vicente Pelechano. "Modeling and "smart" prototyping human-in-the-loop interactions for AmI environments." Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 26 (January 8, 2022): 1413–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-020-01508-x.

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Autonomous capabilities are required in AmI environments in order to adapt systems to new environmental conditions and situations. However, keeping the human in the loop and in control of such systems is still necessary because of the diversity of systems, domains, environments, context situations, and social and legal constraints, which makes full autonomy a utopia within the short or medium term. Human-system integration introduces an important number of challenges and problems that have to be solved. On the one hand, humans should interact with systems even in those situations where their a

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Zhu, Yongjian, Manna Wang, Yuzhe Wang, Muzhapa, and Nirunze Yang. "Automated Testing Platform and Implementation Based on HIL." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 3 (2024): 182–84. https://doi.org/10.54097/60gv2e76.

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In-vehicle automated testing is to verify and evaluate the functions and performances of in-vehicle systems through automated testing tools and technologies. This paper introduces an automated test platform based on hardware-in-the-loop (HIL), which aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the test, reduce the error caused by human factors, and ensure the stability and reliability of the vehicle system. In this paper, the architecture design, characteristics, basic functions, test steps and advantages of HIL automated testing platform are discussed in detail. Finally, the effectiveness o

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Echeveste, Salvador, and Pranav A. Bhounsule. "Electromyography-Based Human-in-the-Loop Bayesian Optimization to Assist Free Leg Swinging." Biomechanics 5, no. 2 (2025): 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomechanics5020021.

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Background/Objectives: The manual tuning of exoskeleton control parameters is tedious and often ineffective for adapting to individual users. Human-in-the-loop (HIL) optimization offers an automated approach, but existing methods typically rely on metabolic cost, which requires prolonged data collection times of at least 60 s. Surface electromyography (EMG) signals, as an alternative, enable faster optimization with reduced data acquisition times. Methods: This study develops a rapid EMG-based HIL Bayesian optimization framework to tune hip exoskeleton controllers for assisting free leg swingi

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Damacharla, Praveen, Parashar Dhakal, Jyothi Priyanka Bandreddi, et al. "Novel Human-in-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation Method to Study Synthetic Agents and Standardize Human–Machine Teams (HMT)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (2020): 8390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238390.

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This work presents a multi-year study conducted at the University of Toledo, aimed at improving human–machine teaming (HMT) methods and technologies. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) in 21st-century machines, collaboration between humans and machines has become highly complicated for real-time applications. The penetration of intelligent and synthetic assistants (IA/SA) in virtually every field has opened up a path to the area of HMT. When it comes to crucial tasks such as patient treatment/care, industrial production, and defense, the use of non-standardized HMT technologies ma

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Zhang, Yi, Tao Li, Yanning Li, and Gen Wang. "Parameter Identification of Pilot Model and Stability Analysis of Human-in-Loop Image Seeker." Aerospace 10, no. 9 (2023): 806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10090806.

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In the human-in-loop (HIL) guidance mode, a pilot quickly identifies and flexibly locks on to a target through a real-time image signal transmitted by the aircraft. Then, the line-of-sight (LOS) angle error in the viewing field is tracked and compensated for in order to improve the guidance and control performance of the image-guided aircraft. Based on the physical structure and device parameters of the image seeker, an appropriate correction network is designed to improve the performance of the seeker stability loop. Aiming at a precise-extended crossover (PEC) pilot model, the structure of t

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Li, J., B. Dong, X. D. Xu, et al. "Development of a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) simulation system for a large-scale helium refrigerator." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1327, no. 1 (2025): 012010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1327/1/012010.

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Abstract A large-scale helium refrigerator has been designed and is being assembled in China by the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, CAS. To verify the control system program before the commissioning of this helium refrigerator, a Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) Simulation System has been developed. This HIL simulation system consists of three parts, namely, simulation model of this helium refrigerator performed by EcosimPro, NI Veristand to deploy the encapsulated simulation model, a real PLC control system to run control program and human machine interface. Control signals from real

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Demartini, Gianluca, Jie Yang, and Shazia Sadiq. "Report on the 1st Workshop on Human-in-the-Loop Data Curation (HIL-DC 2022) at CIKM 2022." ACM SIGIR Forum 56, no. 2 (2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3582900.3582921.

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We report on the First Workshop on Human-in-the-loop Data Curation (HIL-DC), which was co-located with the ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM) 2022. Data curation, which may include annotation, cleaning, transformation, integration, etc., is a critical step to provide adequate assurances on the quality of analytics and machine learning results. Current approaches include manual, automated, and hybrid human-machine methods to data curation. However, this topic remains relatively unstudied, so our main aim for organizing this workshop was to bring together

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Djinbachian, R., C. Haumesser, M. Taghiakbari, et al. "A17 COMPARING ENDOSCOPIST DIAGNOSIS OF COLORECTAL POLYPS ASSISTED BY ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (CADX) VS CADX WITHOUT ENDOSCOPIST INPUT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 7, Supplement_1 (2024): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwad061.017.

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Abstract Background Artificial intelligence-based optical diagnosis systems (CADx) have been developped to assist in eliminating the need for histologic diagnosis of diminutive colorectal polyps (resect-and-discard and diagnose-and-leave strategies). However, these systems have not yet been implemented in routine clinical practice. Aims We were interested in evaluating the performance of CADx without human input to diagnoses performed by endoscopists assisted by CADx. Methods We performed a randomized clinical trial of patients undergoing elective colonoscopies at the CHUM. Patients were rando

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Ma, Yehao, Dewei Liu, Zehao Yan, et al. "Optimizing Exoskeleton Assistance: Muscle Synergy-Based Actuation for Personalized Hip Exoskeleton Control." Actuators 13, no. 2 (2024): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act13020054.

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Exoskeleton robots hold promising prospects for rehabilitation training in individuals with weakened muscular conditions. However, achieving improved human–machine interaction and delivering customized assistance remains a challenging task. This paper introduces a muscle synergy-based human-in-the-loop (HIL) optimization framework for hip exoskeletons to offer more personalized torque assistance. Initially, we propose a muscle synergy similarity index to quantify the similarity of synergy while walking with and without the assistance of an exoskeleton. By integrating surface electromyography (

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Ferraresi, Carlo, Daniela Maffiodo, Walter Franco, et al. "Hardware-In-the-Loop Equipment for the Development of an Automatic Perturbator for Clinical Evaluation of Human Balance Control." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24 (2020): 8886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10248886.

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Nowadays, increasing attention is being paid to techniques aimed at assessing a subject’s ability to maintain or regain control of balance, thus reducing the risk of falls. To this end, posturographic analyses are performed in different clinical settings, both in unperturbed and perturbed conditions. This article presents a new Hardware-In-the-Loop (HIL) equipment designed for the development of an automatic perturbator for postural control analysis, capable of providing controlled mechanical stimulation by means of an impulsive force exerted on a given point of the body. The experimental equi

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Gil, Miriam, Manoli Albert, Joan Fons, and Vicente Pelechano. "Designing Human-in-the-Loop Autonomous Cyber-Physical Systems." International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 130 (May 4, 2019): 21–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2019.04.006.

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Even though full autonomy in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) is a challenge that has been confronted in different application domains and industrial sectors, the current scenario still requires human intervention in these autonomous systems in order to accomplish tasks that are better performed with human-in-the-loop. Humans, machines, and software systems are required to interact and understand each other in order to work together in an effective and robust way. This human integration introduces an important number of challenges and problems to be solved in order to ach

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Zhou, Xuanyi, Jianhua Zhang, Bangchu Yang, et al. "A Semi-Autonomous Hierarchical Control Framework for Prosthetic Hands Inspired by Dual Streams of Human." Biomimetics 9, no. 1 (2024): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9010062.

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The routine use of prosthetic hands significantly enhances amputees’ daily lives, yet it often introduces cognitive load and reduces reaction speed. To address this issue, we introduce a wearable semi-autonomous hierarchical control framework tailored for amputees. Drawing inspiration from the visual processing stream in humans, a fully autonomous bionic controller is integrated into the prosthetic hand control system to offload cognitive burden, complemented by a Human-in-the-Loop (HIL) control method. In the ventral-stream phase, the controller integrates multi-modal information from the use

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Amit, Inbar, Itay Levin, Timothy Wyant, et al. "704 The computationally designed human antibody, AU-007, mediates human immune activation by endogenous IL-2, while uniquely breaking the IL-2 auto-inhibitory loop and preventing Treg expansion." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (2021): A732—A734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.704.

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BackgroundIL-2 binds two forms of IL-2 receptor: a high affinity trimeric receptor composed of CD25, CD122, and CD132, and a low affinity dimeric receptor composed of CD122 and CD132. Binding to the dimeric receptors, expressed on effector cells, causes expansion of the effector arm of the immune system including CD8 T-cells, NK-cells and NKT-cells. Binding to the trimeric receptor, expressed on Tregs as well as on pulmonary and vascular epithelium, results in expansion of Treg cells and Vascular Leak Syndrome, both are undesired outcomes of high-dose recombinant IL-2 (Aldesleukin), approved f

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Piksa, Ondřej, Adam Orlický, and Martin Scháno. "U SMART ZONE – Creating highly realistic virtual environment for vehicle-in-the-loop simulations." Acta Polytechnica CTU Proceedings 41 (September 27, 2023): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/app.2023.41.0049.

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Developing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Autonomous Vehicles (AV) based on machine learning is generally an extensive and costly process. Due to the increasing complexity of autonomous systems, the need for extensive testing and validation arises. In recent years, computer simulation has been used for these purposes. Performing realistic simulations, especially for the purpose of computer vision-based systems, requires a high-quality, almost photorealistic virtual environment. This paper introduces U SMART ZONE, a high-fidelity virtual model of the Severní Terasa district in Ús

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Sędzicki, Dominik, Jan Cudzik, and Lucyna Nyka. "Computer-Aided Greenery Design—Prototype Green Structure Improving Human Health in Urban Ecosystem." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2 (2023): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021198.

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Increasing population and urbanization, with climate change consequences, such as rising temperatures, influence public health and well-being. The search to improve the quality of life in cities becomes one of the priority objectives. A solution can be found in the role of greenery in an urban environment and its impact on human health. This opens a path toward experimentation on microclimate green structures that can be inserted into dense urban spaces providing human and environmental benefits. The article proposes an automated greenery design method combined with rapid prototyping for such

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Chen, Daming, and John Nicholas. "Structural Requirements for gp80 Independence of Human Herpesvirus 8 Interleukin-6 (vIL-6) and Evidence for gp80 Stabilization of gp130 Signaling Complexes Inducedby vIL-6." Journal of Virology 80, no. 19 (2006): 9811–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00872-06.

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ABSTRACT Human herpesvirus 8 interleukin-6 (vIL-6) displays 25% amino acid identity with human IL-6 (hIL-6) and shares an overall four-helix-bundle structure and gp130-mediated STAT/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling with its cellular counterpart. However, vIL-6 is distinct in that it can signal through gp130 alone, in the absence of the nonsignaling gp80 α-subunit of the IL-6 receptor. To investigate the structural requirements for gp80 independence of vIL-6, a series of expression vectors encoding vIL-6/hIL-6 chimeric and site-mutated IL-6 proteins was generated. The replacement of h

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Le, Phuong-Truong, Huan-Liang Tsai, and Phuong-Long Le. "Development and Performance Evaluation of Photovoltaic (PV) Evaluation and Fault Detection System Using Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation for PV Applications." Micromachines 14, no. 3 (2023): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14030674.

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This paper originally presents a photovoltaic (PV) evaluation and fault detection (PVEFD) system for PV applications based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The PVEFD system consists of an STM32F103C8T6 chip with a 32-bit Arm Cortex-M3 reduced instruction set computer (RISC) and 12-bit resolution analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to measure important parameters of PV applications, such as solar irradiance as well as the back-surface cell temperature, operating voltage, and output current of PV devices. The measured data of irradiance as well as back-surface cell temperature and opera

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Abboush, Mohammad, Christoph Knieke, and Andreas Rausch. "GRU-Based Denoising Autoencoder for Detection and Clustering of Unknown Single and Concurrent Faults during System Integration Testing of Automotive Software Systems." Sensors 23, no. 14 (2023): 6606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23146606.

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Recently, remarkable successes have been achieved in the quality assurance of automotive software systems (ASSs) through the utilization of real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation. Based on the HIL platform, safe, flexible and reliable realistic simulation during the system development process can be enabled. However, notwithstanding the test automation capability, large amounts of recordings data are generated as a result of HIL test executions. Expert knowledge-based approaches to analyze the generated recordings, with the aim of detecting and identifying the faults, are costly in te

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Sukuvaara, Timo, Kari Mäenpää, Hannu Honkanen, Ari Pikkarainen, Marjo Hippi, and Virve Karsisto. "Work-in-Progress Report: Intelligent Traffic Road Weather and Safety Services for Heavy Vehicles." Vehicles 6, no. 4 (2024): 2031–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vehicles6040100.

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Accidents involving heavy road vehicles are often destructive, causing operational losses, human casualties, infrastructure losses, and negative environmental impacts. The risk is especially high in wintertime traffic. The Eureka Xecs SafeTrucks project (Heavy traffic safety improvements by advanced dynamics and road weather services) develops real-time vehicle-specific weather and safety services tailored to each vehicle, based on the vehicle’s own sensor-based observations combined with data from weather service systems and an analysis of the vehicle’s own dynamics. The services will also be

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Abboush, Mohammad, Daniel Bamal, Christoph Knieke, and Andreas Rausch. "Intelligent Fault Detection and Classification Based on Hybrid Deep Learning Methods for Hardware-in-the-Loop Test of Automotive Software Systems." Sensors 22, no. 11 (2022): 4066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22114066.

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Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) has been recommended by ISO 26262 as an essential test bench for determining the safety and reliability characteristics of automotive software systems (ASSs). However, due to the complexity and the huge amount of data recorded by the HIL platform during the testing process, the conventional data analysis methods used for detecting and classifying faults based on the human expert are not realizable. Therefore, the development of effective means based on the historical data set is required to analyze the records of the testing process in an efficient manner. Even thoug

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Aoki, Yoshiyasu, Masashi Narazaki, Tadamitsu Kishimoto, and Giovanna Tosato. "Receptor engagement by viral interleukin-6 encoded by Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpesvirus." Blood 98, no. 10 (2001): 3042–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v98.10.3042.

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Abstract Receptor usage by viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6), a virokine encoded by Kaposi sarcoma– associated herpesvirus, is an issue of controversy. Recently, the crystal structure of vIL-6 identified vIL-6 sites II and III as directly binding to glycoprotein (gp)130, the common signal transducer for the IL-6 family of cytokines. Site I of vIL-6, however, comprising the outward helical face of vIL-6, where human IL-6 (hIL-6) would interact with the specific α-chain IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), is accessible and not occupied by gp130. This study examined whether this unused vIL-6 surface is available fo

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Ionescu, Dan, Adrian Filipescu, Georgian Simion, and Adriana Filipescu. "Internet of Things-Cloud Control of a Robotic Cell Based on Inverse Kinematics, Hardware-in-the-Loop, Digital Twin, and Industry 4.0/5.0." Sensors 25, no. 6 (2025): 1821. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25061821.

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The main task of the research involves creating a Digital Twin (DT) application serving as a framework for Virtual Commissioning (VC) with Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and Cloud storage solutions. An Internet of Things (IoT) integrated automation system with Virtual Private Network (VPN) remote control for assembly and disassembly robotic cell (A/DRC) equipped with a six-Degree of Freedom (6-DOF) ABB 120 industrial robotic manipulator (IRM) is presented in this paper. A three-dimensional (3D) virtual model is developed using Siemens NX Mechatronics Concept Designer (MCD), w

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Ortiz, Jessica S., Guillermo Palacios-Navarro, Víctor H. Andaluz, and Bryan S. Guevara. "Virtual Reality-Based Framework to Simulate Control Algorithms for Robotic Assistance and Rehabilitation Tasks through a Standing Wheelchair." Sensors 21, no. 15 (2021): 5083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155083.

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The implementation of control algorithms oriented to robotic assistance and rehabilitation tasks for people with motor disabilities has been of increasing interest in recent years. However, practical implementation cannot be carried out unless one has the real robotic system availability. To overcome this drawback, this article presents the development of an interactive virtual reality (VR)-based framework that allows one to simulate the execution of rehabilitation tasks and robotic assistance through a robotic standing wheelchair. The virtual environment developed considers the kinematic and

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Awate, Raj, Amartya Pardeshi, Baljeet Singh, Pritesh Malpani, and Dr Prajakta Khadkikar. "Comprehensive Survey of Autonomous Driving Systems and Advanced Technologies: Literature Review, Gap Analysis and Future Directions." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 5 (2024): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.61360.

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Abstract: This article presents a literature review of numerous research papers focusing around the topic ‘Development of Autonomous Driving Vehicle System’, and related works. The advent of autonomous driving technology has revolutionized the automotive industry, promising enhanced safety, efficiency, and convenience on the road. A critical aspect of autonomous vehicle development is the assessment of their performance ina controlled and risk-free environment. Virtual environments, enabled by cutting-edge technologies, offer a dynamic plat- form for rigorous testing and training of autonomous

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van der Merwe, Johannes Rossouw, David Contreras Franco, Jonathan Hansen, et al. "Low-Cost COTS GNSS Interference Monitoring, Detection, and Classification System." Sensors 23, no. 7 (2023): 3452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23073452.

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Interference signals cause position errors and outages to global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. However, to solve these problems, the interference source must be detected, classified, its purpose determined, and localized to eliminate it. Several interference monitoring solutions exist, but these are expensive, resulting in fewer nodes that may miss spatially sparse interference signals. This article introduces a low-cost commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) GNSS interference monitoring, detection, and classification receiver. It employs machine learning (ML) on tailored signal pre-p

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Wu, Beixian, Chunjie Chen, Sheng Wang, et al. "A Novel Personalized Strategy for Hip Joint Flexion Assistance Based on Human Physiological State." Biosensors 14, no. 9 (2024): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios14090418.

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Soft exosuits have emerged as potent assistive tools for walking support and rehabilitation training. However, most existing soft exosuit systems rely on preset assistance modes, which may not accurately align with individual physiological states and movement requirements, leading to variable user experiences and efficacy. While existing human-in-the-loop (HIL) research predominantly focuses on optimizing metabolic cost and torque difference parameters, there is a notable absence of real-time monitoring methods that closely reflect the human body’s physiological state and strategies that dynam

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Bodén, Anna C. S., Jesper Molin, Stina Garvin, Rebecca A. West, Claes Lundström, and Darren Treanor. "The human‐in‐the‐loop: an evaluation of pathologists’ interaction with artificial intelligence in clinical practice." Histopathology 79, no. 2 (2021): 210–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/his.14356.

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Amalina Fakhriah, Novi Silvia Hardiany та Febriana Catur Iswanti. "Freediving, Hypoxia, and Inflammation: Physiological Adaptations and Interactions between HIF and NF-κB". Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research 8, № 7 (2024): 4631–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/bsm.v8i7.1026.

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Freediving presents a unique set of physiological challenges and adaptations, making it a subject of interest for researchers studying the effects of extreme environmental conditions on the human body. There is a complex interplay between freediving, hypoxia, immune responses, and inflammation, shedding light on the physiological effects of freediving on the human body. This article describes how HIF and NF-κB interact during hypoxia and inflammation, including their synergistic effects and signaling pathways. The regulatory loop involving these transcription factors is highlighted, providing

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Yazar, Ozan, Serdar Coskun, Fengqi Zhang, and Lin Li. "A comparative study of energy management systems under connected driving: Cooperative car-following case." Complex Engineering Systems 2 (2022): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/ces.2022.06.

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In this work, we propose connected energy management systems for a cooperative hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) platoon. To this end, cooperative driving scenarios are established under different car-following behavior models using connected and automated vehicles technology, leading to a cooperative cruise control system (CACC) that explores the energy-saving potentials of HEVs. As a real-time energy management control, an equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is utilized, wherein global energy-saving is achieved to promote environment-friendly mobility. The HEVs cooperatively comm

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Cui, Chun-Ping, Carmen Chak-Lui Wong, Alan Ka-Lun Kai та ін. "SENP1 promotes hypoxia-induced cancer stemness by HIF-1α deSUMOylation and SENP1/HIF-1α positive feedback loop". Gut 66, № 12 (2017): 2149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313264.

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ObjectiveWe investigated the effect and mechanism of hypoxic microenvironment and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cancer stemness.DesignHCC cancer stemness was analysed by self-renewal ability, chemoresistance, expression of stemness-related genes and cancer stem cell (CSC) marker-positive cell population. Specific small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteases 1 (SENP1) mRNA level was examined with quantitative PCR in human paired HCCs. Immunoprecipitation was used to examine the binding of proteins and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay to detect the bindi

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Calvani, Maura, Annamaria Rapisarda, Badarch Uranchimeg, Robert H. Shoemaker та Giovanni Melillo. "Hypoxic induction of an HIF-1α–dependent bFGF autocrine loop drives angiogenesis in human endothelial cells". Blood 107, № 7 (2006): 2705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-09-3541.

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AbstractHypoxia is a major pathophysiological condition for the induction of angiogenesis, which is a crucial aspect of growth in solid tumors. In mammalian cells, the transcriptional response to oxygen deprivation is largely mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a heterodimer composed of HIF-1α and HIF-1β subunits. However, the response of endothelial cells to hypoxia and the specific involvement of HIF-α subunits in this process are still poorly understood. We show that human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in the absence of growth factors survive and form tubeli

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Sandino, Juan, Fernando Vanegas, Frederic Maire, Peter Caccetta, Conrad Sanderson, and Felipe Gonzalez. "UAV Framework for Autonomous Onboard Navigation and People/Object Detection in Cluttered Indoor Environments." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (2020): 3386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203386.

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Response efforts in emergency applications such as border protection, humanitarian relief and disaster monitoring have improved with the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), which provide a flexibly deployed eye in the sky. These efforts have been further improved with advances in autonomous behaviours such as obstacle avoidance, take-off, landing, hovering and waypoint flight modes. However, most UAVs lack autonomous decision making for navigating in complex environments. This limitation creates a reliance on ground control stations to UAVs and, therefore, on their communication systems. T

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Feng, Kang, and Kai Cheng Li. "A Hybrid Testing Method to the Application of Test Case Generation of the Simulation of CTCS-3 On-Board Subsystem." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 984–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.984.

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As an important part of the CTCS-3 train control system, the on-board subsystem is a safety critical system, and it plays an important role in assuring the safety of train. In this essay, we choose a hybrid testing method combined with the advantage of black-box and white-box testing method in the test of the Simulation of on-board subsystem of the CTCS-3 train control system. The main idea is to divide the tested system into several functional parts, and then test them step by step. At last, we use an example to show the advantage of this testing method in reducing the number of test cases. 1

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Zhao, Bin, Xiulong Niu, Suhui Huang та ін. "TLR4 Agonist and Hypoxia Synergistically Promote the Formation of TLR4/NF-κB/HIF-1α Loop in Human Epithelial Ovarian Cancer". Analytical Cellular Pathology 2022 (14 квітня 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4201262.

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Inflammation and hypoxia are involved in numerous cancer progressions. Reportedly, the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) are activated and closely related to the chemoresistance and poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the potential correlation between TLR4/NF-κB and HIF-1α remains largely unknown in EOC. In our study, the possible positive correlation among TLR4, NF-κB, and HIF-1α proteins was investigated in the EOC tissues. Our in vitro results demonstrated that LPS can induce and activate HIF-1

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Patne, Vaishali, Pramod Ubare, Shreya Maggo, et al. "Ultra-Fast Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for Motion Control of Autonomous Light Motor Vehicles." World Electric Vehicle Journal 15, no. 7 (2024): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj15070299.

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Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) is the latest buzzword in the automotive industry aimed at reducing human errors and enhancing safety. In ADAS systems, the choice of control strategy is not straightforward due to the highly complex nonlinear dynamics, control objectives, and safety critical constraints. Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) has evolved as a favorite option for optimal control due to its ability to handle such constrained, Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems efficiently. However, NMPC suffers from a bottleneck of high computational complexity, making it unsuita

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Wang, Xiaowei, Xiaoju Liang, Huan Liang та Bing Wang. "SENP1/HIF‐1α feedback loop modulates hypoxia‐induced cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT in human osteosarcoma cells". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 119, № 2 (2017): 1819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26342.

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Neurath, A. R., N. Strick, K. Lin, A. K. Debnath, and S. Jiang. "Tin Protoporphyrin IX Used in Control of Heme Metabolism in Humans Effectively Inhibits HIV-1 Infection." Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 5, no. 5 (1994): 322–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095632029400500506.

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Recent observations indicated that several porphyrins bound to the V3 loop of the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and inhibited infection of cells by HIV-1. The tin derivative of protoporphyrin IX (Sn-PTP-IX) has already been used clinically in humans to suppress hyperbilirubinemia. It was therefore of interest to determine whether Sn-PTP-IX has anti-HIV-1 activity. It is demonstrated here that Sn-PTP-IX effectively inhibited infection by several HIV-1 isolates (HIB, MN, RF, SF-2 and two isolates resistant to azidothymidine). This was surprising,

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Ottavia, Spiga, Frusciante Luisa, Geminiani Michela, et al. "Computational Methods to unveil the Structural Bases for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIO-MEDICAL SCIENCE 03, no. 03 (2023): 115–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7716047.

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The novel pathogen SARS-CoV-2 has caused the global pandemic of Covid-19. The hypothesis of this study is that Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (nAChRs) are involved in SARS-CoV-2 infection, explaining the hyper-inflammatory characteristics observed in a subset of Covid-19 patients. nAChRs represent specific receptors for a wide variety of toxins and have been proposed to serve as receptors for Rabies Virus (RABV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) as well, based on sequence homology with the so called “toxic loop” of α-bungarotoxin. Sequence similarities between a motif

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Insam, Christina, Lisa-Marie Ballat, Felix Lorenz, and Daniel Jean Rixen. "Hardware-in-the-Loop Test of a Prosthetic Foot." Applied Sciences 11, no. 20 (2021): 9492. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11209492.

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For a targeted development process of foot prostheses, a profound understanding of the dynamic interaction between humans and prostheses is necessary. In engineering, an often employed method to investigate the dynamics of mechanical systems is Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL). This study conducted a fundamental investigation of whether HiL could be an applicable method to study the dynamics of an amputee wearing a prosthesis. For this purpose, a suitable HiL setup is presented and the first-ever HiL test of a prosthetic foot performed. In this setup, the prosthetic foot was tested on the test bench

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Scheifele, C., A. Lechler, and A. Prof Verl. "Materialflussmodelle für die HiL-Simulation*/Material Flow Models for HiL-Simulation – Simulating the material flow of machines in a Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation." wt Werkstattstechnik online 106, no. 03 (2016): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2016-03-23.

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Bei einer Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL)-Simulation wird die reale Steuerungstechnik mit einer experimentierfähigen Maschinensimulation verbunden. Soll das Bewegungsverhalten des Materialflusses in der Maschinensimulation zur Generierung von Steuerungssignalen berechnet werden, so müssen die harten Echtzeitanforderungen einer HiL-Simulation eingehalten werden. Dieser Beitrag betrachtet verschiedene Materialflussmodelle und gibt das Ziel eines mehrskaligen Simulationsmodells für die HiL-Simulation vor. &nbsp; A Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) simulation couples real control technology with an experi

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Cabeza, Luisa F., David Verez, and Mercè Teixidó. "Hardware-in-the-Loop Techniques for Complex Systems Analysis: Bibliometric Analysis of Available Literature." Applied Sciences 13, no. 14 (2023): 8108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13148108.

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Simulating complex systems in real time presents both significant advantages and challenges. Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulation has emerged as an interesting technique for addressing these challenges. While HIL has gained attention in the scientific literature, its application in energy studies and power systems remains scattered and challenging to locate. This paper aims to provide an assessment of the penetration of the HIL technique in energy studies and power systems. The analysis of the literature reveals that HIL is predominantly employed in evaluating electrical systems (smart grids,

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Martella, Andrea, Cristoforo Silvestri, Francesca Maradonna, et al. "Bisphenol A Induces Fatty Liver by an Endocannabinoid-Mediated Positive Feedback Loop." Endocrinology 157, no. 5 (2016): 1751–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1384.

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Abstract The xenoestrogen bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread plasticizer detectable within several ecosystems. BPA is considered a metabolic disruptor, affecting different organs; however, little is known about its mechanism of action in the liver, in which it triggers triglyceride accumulation. Adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to BPA developed hepatosteatosis, which was associated with an increase in the liver levels of the obesogenic endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoylglycerol and anandamide and a concomitant decrease in palmitoylethanolamide. These changes were associated with variations in

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Stallings, Katie, Kimberly J. Zaccaria, Megan Riccardi, Gregory M. Zarus, and Gaston Casillas. "Hubs for Interactive Literature (HILs) as a Complimentary Visual Tool for Reviews." Microplastics 3, no. 2 (2024): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microplastics3020018.

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In the last few years, microplastics research has exploded, with the field exploring new procedures and techniques that focus on a variety of scientific and policy issues. As there are not standardized definitions for many terms in the field, including the term microplastic itself, researchers utilize the same labels to describe different aspects of microplastic pollution. Here we provide a visual tool, called a Hub for Interactive Literature (HIL), to assist researchers in identifying and targeting specific literature. Currently, there are four Hubs for Interactive Learning (HILs) correspondi

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O’Connell, Emma J., Chloe-Anne Martinez, Yichuan G. Liang, Peter A. Cistulli, and Kristina M. Cook. "Out of breath, out of time: interactions between HIF and circadian rhythms." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 319, no. 3 (2020): C533—C540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00305.2020.

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Humans have internal circadian clocks that ensure that important physiological functions occur at specific times of the day. These molecular clocks are regulated at the genomic level and exist in most cells of the body. Multiple circadian resetting cues have been identified, including light, temperature, and food. Recently, oxygen has been identified as a resetting cue, and emerging science indicates that this occurs through interactions at the cellular level between the circadian transcription-translation feedback loop and the hypoxia-inducible pathway (hypoxia-inducible factor; subject of th

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Zhang, Yi, Qiang Guo, and Jie Song. "Internet-Distributed Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Platform for Plug-In Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicles." Energies 16, no. 18 (2023): 6755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16186755.

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In order to simulate a PHEV’s dynamic characteristics with high fidelity and study the degradation process of a PHEV’s power sources in real-world driving conditions, an Internet-distributed hardware-in-the-loop (ID-HIL) simulation platform for PHEVs is established. It connects several geographically distributed hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) subsystems (including an in-loop vehicle, Cloud server, driving motor, fuel cells, and lithium battery) via the Internet to simulate the powertrain of a plug-in fuel cell hybrid vehicle (PHEV). In the proposed ID-HIL system, the in-loop vehicle without a hybr

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Di Vito, Vittorio, and Giulia Torrano. "RPAS Automatic ADS-B Based Separation Assurance and Collision Avoidance System Real-Time Simulation Results." Drones 4, no. 4 (2020): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones4040073.

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Remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) are increasingly becoming relevant actors that are flying through the airspace and will gain much more importance in the future. In order to allow for their safe integration with manned conventional traffic in non-segregated airspaces, in accordance with the overall air traffic management (ATM) paradigm, specific enabling technologies are needed. As is well known, the detect and avoid (DAA) technology is fundamental among the enabling technologies identified as crucial for RPAS integration into the overall ATM system. In the meantime, to support extende

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Kiesbye, Jonis, David Messmann, Maximilian Preisinger, et al. "Hardware-In-The-Loop and Software-In-The-Loop Testing of the MOVE-II CubeSat." Aerospace 6, no. 12 (2019): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace6120130.

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This article reports the ongoing work on an environment for hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) and software-in-the-loop (SIL) tests of CubeSats and the benefits gained from using such an environment for low-cost satellite development. The satellite tested for these reported efforts was the MOVE-II CubeSat, developed at the Technical University of Munich since April 2015. The HIL environment has supported the development and verification of MOVE-II’s flight software and continues to aid the MOVE-II mission after its launch on 3 December 2018. The HIL environment allows the satellite to interact with a

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