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1
Tripathi, Samiksha, and Vineet Kansal. "Machine Translation Evaluation: Unveiling the Role of Dense Sentence Vector Embedding for Morphologically Rich Language." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 01 (May 29, 2019): 2059001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001420590016.
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Machine Translation (MT) evaluation metrics like BiLingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) and Metric for Evaluation of Translation with Explicit Ordering (METEOR) are known to have poor performance for word-order and morphologically rich languages. Application of linguistic knowledge to evaluate MTs for morphologically rich language like Hindi as a target language, is shown to be more effective and accurate [S. Tripathi and V. Kansal, Using linguistic knowledge for machine translation evaluation with Hindi as a target language, Comput. Sist.21(4) (2017) 717–724]. Leveraging the recent progress made in the domain of word vector and sentence vector embedding [T. Mikolov and J. Dean, Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality, Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. 2 (2013) 3111–3119], authors have trained a large corpus of pre-processed Hindi text ([Formula: see text] million tokens) for obtaining the word vectors and sentence vector embedding for Hindi. The training has been performed on high end system configuration utilizing Google Cloud platform resources. This sentence vector embedding is further used to corroborate the findings through linguistic knowledge in evaluation metric. For morphologically rich language as target, evaluation metric of MT systems is considered as an optimal solution. In this paper, authors have demonstrated that MT evaluation using sentence embedding-based approach closely mirrors linguistic evaluation technique. The relevant codes used to generate the vector embedding for Hindi have been uploaded on code sharing platform Github. a
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Vanina, Eugenia. "‘Blackened face’: Emotional Community and the Hindu Nationalist Interpretation of History." Emotions: History, Culture, Society 4, no. 1 (September 14, 2020): 66–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2208522x-02010078.
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Abstract When in 1664 the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb appointed a Rajput general, Mirza Raja Jai Singh Kachwaha, as commander-in-chief of a punitive army sent against the Maratha warlord Shivaji, contemporary authors recorded it dispassionately as a trivial occurrence. Emotional perception of the event had changed drastically by the early twentieth century, when the proponents of Hindu nationalism began to view Jai Singh with disgust and anger as a ‘traitor to the Hindu nation’. Analysis of ‘Letter of Maharaja Shivaji to Mirza Raja Jai Singh’ (‘Mahārāj Śivājī kā patr Mirzā Rājā Jai Siṅgh ke nām’), by the Hindi classic poet Suryakant Tripathi Nirala, discloses the communicative means employed by the author to ‘reboot’ the emotional attitudes of his readers and to rope them into the emotional community of Hindu nationalists.
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Goswami, Pankaj K., Sanjay K. Dwivedi, and C. K. Jha. "Assessment of Multi-Engine Machine Translation for English to Hindi Language (MEMTEHiL)." International Journal of Artificial Life Research 6, no. 1 (January 2016): 30–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijalr.2016010102.
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English to Hindi translation of the computer-science related e-content, generated through an online freely available machine translation engine may not be technically correct. The expected target translation should be as fluent as intended for the native learners and the meaning of a source e-content should be conveyed properly. A Multi-Engine Machine Translation for English to Hindi Language (MEMTEHiL) framework has been designed and integrated by the authors as a translation solution for the computer science domain e-content. It was possible by enabling the use of well-tested approaches of machine translation. The humanly evaluated and acceptable metrics like fluency and adequacy (F&A) were used to assess the best translation quality for English to Hindi language pair. Besides humanly-judged metrics, another well-tested and existing interactive version of Bi-Lingual Evaluation Understudy (iBLEU) was used for evaluation. Authors have incorporated both parameters (F&A and iBLEU) for assessing the quality of translation as regenerated by the designed MEMTEHiL.
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Gupta, A. K., and H. Aman. "An evaluation of training in brief cognitive–behavioural therapy in a non-English-speaking region: experience from India." International Psychiatry 9, no. 3 (August 2012): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s174936760000326x.
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The authors wanted to learn whether it was possible to deliver cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) in a low-income country where English is neither the first nor the preferred spoken language and to evaluate the effectiveness of the training in terms of skills acquisition. Twenty participants attended a 3-day workshop on the technique. All had experience of communicating in Hindi with patients, although their medical training was in English. There is no manual for CBT in Hindi. Role-plays focused on basic CBT skills such as Socratic dialogue, the ‘five area’ approach, the use of the ‘downward arrow’, developing an automatic negative thought record and devising behavioural experiments, in Hindi. The findings suggested that it is feasible to train mental health professionals in CBT where English is not the first language.
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Gupta, A. K., and H. Aman. "An evaluation of training in brief cognitive–behavioural therapy in a non-English-speaking region: experience from India." International Psychiatry 9, no. 3 (August 2012): 69–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s174936760000326x.
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The authors wanted to learn whether it was possible to deliver cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) in a low-income country where English is neither the first nor the preferred spoken language and to evaluate the effectiveness of the training in terms of skills acquisition. Twenty participants attended a 3-day workshop on the technique. All had experience of communicating in Hindi with patients, although their medical training was in English. There is no manual for CBT in Hindi. Role-plays focused on basic CBT skills such as Socratic dialogue, the ‘five area’ approach, the use of the ‘downward arrow’, developing an automatic negative thought record and devising behavioural experiments, in Hindi. The findings suggested that it is feasible to train mental health professionals in CBT where English is not the first language.
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Bele, Nishikant, Prabin Kumar Panigrahi, and Shashi Kant Srivastava. "Political Sentiment Mining." International Journal of Business Intelligence Research 8, no. 1 (January 2017): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbir.2017010104.
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Investigations on sentiment mining are mostly ensued in the English language. Due to the characteristics of the Indian languages tools and techniques used for sentiment mining in the English language cannot be applied directly to text in Hindi languages. The objective of this paper is to extract the political sentiment at the document-level from Hindi blogs. The authors could not find any literature about extracting sentiments at the document-level from Hindi blogs. They extracted opinion about one of India's very famous leaders who was a prominent face in the national election of 2014. They prepared the datasets from Hindi blogs reviews. They purposed the lexicon and machine learning technique to classify the sentiment. Their purposed method used four steps: (1) Crawling and preprocessing the blog reviews; (2) Extracting reviews relevant to the query using the Vector Space Model (VSM); (3) Identifying sentiment at the document level using the Lexicon method, and (4) Measuring the result using the Machine learning technique. Their experimental result demonstrates the effectiveness of our algorithms.
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Sukhadeve, Pramod P. "English to Hindi Machine Translation System in the Context of Homoeopathy Literature." International Journal of Artificial Life Research 6, no. 1 (January 2016): 46–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijalr.2016010103.
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Over the years, researches in machine translation (MT) systems have gain momentum due to their widespread applicability. A number of systems have come up doing the task successfully for different language pairs. However, to the best of the author's knowledge, no significant work has been done in clinical and medical related domain especially in Homoeopathy. This paper describes a rule based English-Hindi MT system for Homoeopathic sentences. It has been designed to translate a variety of sentences from Homoeopathic literature. To achieve the task, the author developed English and Hindi Homoeopathic corpuses presently having the size 21096 and 23145 sentences respectively. For translation, the input sentences (in English) have been categorised in four different type's i.e. simple, complex, interrogative and ambiguous sentences. The authors tested the translation accuracy using BLEU score. At present, the overall Bleu score of the system is 0.7808 and the accuracy percentage is 82.25%.
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Akram, Dr Muhammad, and Dr Ayesha Qurrat Ul-Ain. "ہندو مت پر اردو میں علمی مواد: ایک موضوعاتی کتابیات." ĪQĀN 3, no. 01 (February 1, 2021): 123–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.36755/iqan.v3i01.240.
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Three types of academic sources are crucial for understanding the Hindu tradition in our times: a) scriptures and the classical texts that are available mostly in Sanskrit b) works in the English language produced by orientalists, religious studies scholars, and some modern Hindu religious leaders themselves, and c) writings of colonial/post-colonial Hindu and Muslim scholars on Hinduism in Hindi/Urdu language that is understood by a vast majority of the population in South Asia. Many Hindu authors used to write on their religion in Urdu using the Perso-Arabic script in colonial India. Similarly, some Muslim authors also produced scholarly works on Hinduism in Urdu, which could open up better Hindu-Muslim understanding. However, Urdu ceased to be the medium of such writings when religion and language surfaced as two vital factors in national identity constructions in the changing sociopolitical milieu, a process through which the Urdu language became associated with Muslim culture and religion. As a result, the number of Urdu works on Hinduism decreased sharply after British India's partition along religious lines. Nevertheless, this body of Urdu literature is an essential part of the history of modern Hinduism. Keeping this in view, we have produced a comprehensive thematic bibliography of Urdu works on Hinduism, including books, dissertations, and journal articles, which would help preserve the history of the indigenous study of Hinduism in modern times.
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Vibha Tiwari, Et al. "Stylometric Analysis of Genre in Hindi Literature." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 9 (November 5, 2023): 2674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i9.9341.
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The field of stylometry is the quantitative study of writing style. It is used for analyzing various patterns in writing text such as vocabulary, parts of speech, punctuations etc. In this paper a detailed analysis of various techniques of Stylometry analysis is being done and some of their applications are discussed. In this research, stylometric analysis of Genre in hindi literature is being done. , we have used a dataset of four Hindi stories each from four different famous Indian authors. Features are extracted from the preprocessed text data using the TF-IDF (Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency) technique. PCA is applied for dimensionality reduction. The results were good, effectively creating different groups that stand for different literary motifs or styles within the dataset.
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Singh, Satyendr, and Tanveer J. Siddiqui. "Role of Karaka Relations in Hindi Word Sense Disambiguation." Journal of Information Technology Research 8, no. 3 (July 2015): 21–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2015070102.
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Karakas are an important constituent of Hindi language. Karaka relations express syntactico-semantic or semantico-syntactic relationship between verbs and nouns or pronouns in a sentence. They capture certain level of semantics closer to thematic relations, but different from it. A vibhakti is assigned to each karaka, in Paninian grammar. This paper investigates the role of karaka relations in Hindi Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) by utilizing vibhaktis. Two supervised WSD algorithms were used for disambiguation. The first algorithm is based on conditional probability of co-occurring words and the second algorithm is Naïve Bayes (NB) classifier. The first algorithm utilizes various heuristics for analyzing the role of karakas in Hindi WSD. The authors obtained an improvement of 14.86% in precision by utilizing content words, vibhaktis and phrases containing them in context vector over the context vector of content words after dropping vibhaktis. A gain of 6.91% in precision was observed by using content words and vibhaktis in context vector over the context vector of content words after dropping vibhaktis of similar context window size. The authors obtained maximum precision of 50.73% by extracting vibhaktis in a ±3 window using WSD algorithm based on conditional probability of co-occurring words. They obtained maximum precision of 56.56% by extracting vibhaktis in a ±4 window using NB classifier.
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Aiken, Milam, Jianfeng Wang, Linwu Gu, and Joseph Paolillo. "An Exploratory Study of How Technology Supports Communication in Multilingual Groups." International Journal of e-Collaboration 7, no. 1 (January 2011): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jec.2011010102.
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In this paper, the authors study how new technology can support multilingual groups. Their results show that no significant difference was found between group members’ comprehension of contributed comments and their stated minimum acceptable understanding. However, comprehension of relevant comments was higher than that for off-topic text, indicating that the sharing of important information was achieved. Further, reading comprehension tests of translations from Chinese, German, Hindi, Korean, Malay, and Spanish to English show that, except for Hindi, the automatic translations achieve accuracies that are acceptable for graduate studies at a university in the United States.
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BETH, SARAH. "Hindi Dalit Autobiography: an Exploration of Identity." Modern Asian Studies 41, no. 3 (January 11, 2007): 545–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0600240x.
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Several powerful constructions of Dalit social and political identity are now circulating in very influential ways within the public sphere in North India, as various groups including both the Bahujan Samaj Party as well as Hindutva organisations compete to assert their influence over how these identities are defined, who they include, and what they mean. In this context, the rise of Hindi Dalit autobiographies as a source of Dalit cultural identity becomes especially important in North India, as they contest traditional conceptions of the Dalit community as ‘untouchables’ and attempt to re-inscribe Dalit identity in positive, self-assertive terms. However, Dalit autobiographies retain certain ambivalences, as the authors struggle to reconcile their low-caste identity with their current urban middle-class status, and more recently, as their claims to represent all members of the Dalit community are challenged by Dalits of the younger generation.
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Bele, Nishikant, Prabin Kumar Panigrahi, and Shashi Kant Srivastava. "Knowledge Discovery From Vernacular Expressions." International Journal of Knowledge Management 14, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkm.2018010101.
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This article describes how knowledge discovery is a frontier research issue of knowledge management, and social media provides an opportunity for knowledge discovery that was at no other time as virtuous as the present. Despite the fact that, the articulations in national dialects via web-based networking media is mounting day by day. This discovery endeavor in regional languages is rare. The usage of Hindi, the Indian National language, is also observing the similar trend. Any expression in social media contains multiple features. Discovering the hidden sentiments behind these features have wider functions. This article is the first attempt to mine the opinion at the features level in the Hindi language. The principle contribution of this article is the development of context specific corpus in the Hindi language. Based on this corpus authors extract the sentiments on one of the prominent leader of India at the feature level. Opinion mining conclusion based on present work is reproduced likewise in the subsequent election results.
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Malik, Renuka, Chanderkala Pokaria, Swati Singh, and Kaveri Khera. "Hindi translated version of menopausal rating score questionnaire: a method to evaluate post menopausal symptoms in India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 3102. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193519.
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Background: There are large number of post menopausal patients in India deserving more care and attention than is given at present.MRS questionnaire in Hindi (MRS-H), a translated and validated version of original MRS Scale (MRS-E), self assessed by patients in their own native language. This tool can be used to assess and document current quality of life as well as improvement with treatment of severe post menopausal symptoms, in Indian population.Methods: 30 bilingual English and Hindi speaking postmenopausal patients were recruited for this study.MRS Questionnaire has 11 questions covering somatic, pschycological and genitourinary symptoms of menopause. The scoring system is simple. Hindi translation of MRS Questionare was done from English (MRS-E) to Hindi (MRS-H) by 4 independent translations using standard protocol. The MRS-H was tested for internal validity and also compared with MRS - E.Results: Quality of life is a subjective perception modified by the cultural habitat in which one lives. MRS-H showed high validity and good co-relation with MRS-E. The MRS-H possessed good convergent and discriminant validity. MRS-H showed anICC (Intraclass coefficient) was more than 0.5 and cronbach alpha more than0.5. There was found to be strong correlation between MRS-E and MRS-H questionnaire with all correlation value above 0.7.Conclusions: The authors recommend the use of the self assessed MRS-H in Hindi should be used to assess menopausal complaints and relief with treatment in India.
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Chaudhari, Deptii, Ambika Vishal Pawar, and Alberto Barrón-Cedeño. "H-Prop and H-Prop-News: Computational Propaganda Datasets in Hindi." Data 7, no. 3 (February 28, 2022): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data7030029.
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In this digital era, people rely on the internet for their news consumption. As people are free to express their opinions on social media, much information shared on the internet is loaded with propaganda. Propagandist contents are intended to influence public opinion. In the mainstream media or prominent news agencies, the authors’ and news agencies’ own bias may impact in the news contents. Hence, it is required to detect such propaganda spread through news articles. Detection and classification of propagandist text require standard, high-quality, annotated datasets. A few datasets are available for propaganda classification. However, these datasets are mostly in English. Hindi is the most spoken language in India, and efforts are needed to detect its propagandist contents. This research work introduces two new datasets: H-Prop and H-Prop-News, which consist of news articles in Hindi annotated as propaganda or non-propaganda. The H-Prop dataset is generated by translating 28,630 news articles from the QProp dataset. The H-Prop-News dataset contains 5500 news articles collected from 32 prominent Hindi news websites. We experiment with the proposed datasets using four supervised machine learning models combined with different feature vectors and word embeddings. Our experiments achieve 87% accuracy using Logistic Regression with TF-IDF feature vectors. The datasets provide high-quality labeled news articles in Hindi and open new avenues for researchers to explore techniques for analyzing and classifying propaganda in Hindi text.
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Jain, Rekha, Linesh Raja, Sandeep Kumar Sharma, and Devershi Pallavi Bhatt. "Particle swarm optimization model for Hindi text summarization." Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 45, no. 4 (2024): 839–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.47974/jios-1609.
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Text Summarization is one of the techniques that shorten the original text without vanishing its information as well as meaning. A lot of algorithms exist for text summarization. Two approaches namely Abstractive Text Summarization and Extractive Text Summarization are used for this purpose. In Abstractive text summarization, the entire document is regenerated using a few lines. Whereas in Extractive Text Summarization sentences are filtered based on some ranks assigned to them by a specific algorithm. A lot of work has already been done in languages like English, Chinese etc. In this paper, the authors propose the summarization of Hindi text using the Particle Swarm Optimization model. Initially, the text in the Hindi language is summarized using a ranking-based technique then PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) is applied to have an optimized summary of the text. One of the ranking-based techniques i.e. TF-IDF is introduced. Implementation of the proposed Systems is initially discussed in five steps- preprocessing, feature extraction, ranks generation, post-processing and optimized summarization using PSO. At the end, results are shown in terms of an optimized summary of text in a specific language. This system can be implemented in any standard language, but Hindi is selected for practical implementation because very few research work is done in the Hindi Language.
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Strelkova, Guzel V., and Ksenia A. Lesik. "Socially-engaged narrative in contemporary Hindi poetry." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 28, no. 2 (December 15, 2023): 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2023-28-2-284-292.
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The influence of Marxist ideology has played a peculiar role in the formation of Hindi literature. Many writers believed that a literary word, illuminating the problems of inequality and oppression, could awake effective political, social and economic actions that could change an ordinary person’s life. In contemporary Hindi poetry there is the rise of young poets’ interest in socially-engaged narrative, which they clarify with the concept of “socialist”. It is aimed at criticizing the world order surrounding them and the desire to point out the problems of social peace. The authors discuss and translate for the first time the poems of the 21st century - Hindi poets of the left wing Alokadhanva and Avinash Mishra. They, drawing the reader's attention to the fact that the art of the word is given to them from above, raise acute social issues with realistic poems and simple language, hiding their powerlessness behind rhetorical appeals calling for an active struggle. Special attention is paid to the artistic techniques, which are practically not used in this poetry. It is concluded that poets create their own metapoetics focused on revising literature’s mission as a way of exposing the modern society’s vices.
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Kallimani, Jagadish S., C. P. Chandrika, Aniket Singh, and Zaifa Khan. "Authorship Identification Using Supervised Learning and n-Grams for Hindi Language." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 9 (July 1, 2020): 4258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9058.
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Authorship Identification pertains to establishing the author of a particular document, currently unknown, based on the documents previously available. The field of authorship identification has been explored so far primarily in the English language, using several supervised and unsupervised machine learning models along with usage of NLP techniques, but work on regional languages is highly limited. This may be due to the lack of collection of proper datasets and preprocessing techniques attributed to the rich morphological and stylistic features in these languages. In this paper we apply some supervised machine learning models, namely SVM and Naïve Bayes to Hindi literature to perform authorship analysis by picking four Hindi authors. We compare and analyze the accuracy which is so obtained using different models and bag of words approach.
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Бхатнагар, Мину, and Екатерина Борисовна Коломейцева. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ZOONYMIC PHRASEOLOGY OF RUSSIAN AND HINDI." Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Филология, no. 4(67) (November 24, 2020): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtfilol/2020.4.007.
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Исследования фразеологических единиц с компонентом-зоонимом являются актуальными для психо- и этнолингвистики. На сегодняшний момент существует множество наименований подобной лексики, а также множество ее классификаций по различным признакам. В статье авторами приводится сравнительный анализ фразеологических единиц, связанных с использованием зоонимов в двух лингвокультурах: российской и индийской. The study of phraseological units with a zoological component is relevant for psycho-and ethnolinguistics. Despite the research interest in these phenomena, at the moment there are many names for such vocabulary, as well as many classifications on various grounds. In the article authors made a comparative analysis of phraseological units associated with the use of zoonyms. In this regard, it seems relevant to consider the most common phraseological units with zoonyms of two cultures: Russian and Indian.
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Pandey, Priyank, Manju Khari, Raghavendra Kumar, and Dac-Nhuong Le. "Automatic Generation of Synsets for Wordnet of Hindi Language." International Journal of Natural Computing Research 7, no. 2 (April 2018): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijncr.2018040103.
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India is a land of 122 languages and numerous dialects. Lack of competent lexical resources for Indian languages is a ubiquitous fact, which negatively affects the development of tools for NLP of Indian languages. Recent advancements like the Indo WordNet project has significantly contributed to dealing with the scarcity of lexicons, but the progress and coverage is a matter of dispute. The bottlenecks, cost, time, and skilled lexicographers further slackens the progress. In this article, the authors propose a technique to automate the generation of lexical entries using a machine learning approach which visibly expedites the process of lexicon generation like WordNet. The reluctance to adopt an automated approach is majorly credited to a lack of accuracy, the inability to capture a regional touch of a language, incorrect back-translation, etc. To overcome this issue, the author will use Wikipedia to validate the synsets.
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Lesik, Ksenia A. "Kafkaesque motifs in Kunwar Narain’s novels." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 25, no. 4 (December 15, 2020): 705–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2020-25-4-705-713.
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Since the 19th century European literary tradition indisputably influenced the development of Indian literature. Indian intellectuals, familiarizing particularly with the inheritance of European modernism, follow works of modernist writers, accept their key themes and motifs, thereby bring new literary devices and images into Indian literature. One of the main authors, whose novels have made a deep impact on the development of Hindi literature, is Franz Kafka. The influence of his works is extremely visible across India. Indian writers create Kafkaesque worlds and protagonists in their own novels and stories. One of Hindi novelists, who refers to Franz Kafkas motifs, is Kunwar Narain. In Indological studies his name is associated with poetry. However, he is not only a representative of New Hindi poetry (Naī Kavitā), but a novelist also. The article is focused on Franz Kafkas influence on Indian writers fiction. It is determined in what period and in which novels Kunwar Narain uses kafkaesque motifs. The perception of Kafkas worldview concept in Kunwar Narains novels is studied. It is an attempt to find out what new Indian prose-writer brings to a kafkaesque picture of world. It is also analyzed, in what Indian literary material and in what Indian literary tradition imagery he applies the images of Kafkas stories.
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Janu, Swati, Anushka Shahdadpuri, and Camila Cociña. "Housing for all, understood by few: Colloquial narratives from Delhi." Radical Housing Journal 3, no. 2 (December 17, 2021): 171–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54825/jsdd1652.
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In this conversational piece, the authors reflect on their process of designing an interactive toolkit, named ‘Kaun Hai Master? Kya Hain Plan’ (Hindi for ‘Who is the Master? What is the Plan?’), in a step towards linguistic decolonisation. It was developed as a part of the Main Bhi Dilli (Hindi for ‘I’m Delhi too’) Campaign—a civic society campaign in Delhi formed to inclusively reimagine the latest Master Plan for Delhi 2041. The toolkit deconstructed the technocratic documents in English that represent Delhi’s Master Plans, and present a more inclusive alternative to the typical top-down processes behind formulating them. It was developed keeping in mind the communities who are typically left out of planning processes. Drawing from the experience of the workshops conducted using the toolkit, emergent narratives are offered to discuss methods in which key terms and concepts related to housing can be broken down to inform, and align with, people’s struggles in asserting their right to the city. The authors discuss outcomes from the workshops that may enable us to think of ways to embed learnings from on the ground experiences in policy and planning frameworks. Simultaneously, they urge for the expansion of vocabulary located within a particular place and its people.
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Sharma, Richa, Sudha Morwal, and Basant Agarwal. "Entity-Extraction Using Hybrid Deep-Learning Approach for Hindi text." International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence 15, no. 3 (July 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcini.20210701.oa1.
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This article presents a neural network-based approach to develop named entity recognition for Hindi text. In this paper, the authors propose a deep learning architecture based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and bi-directional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) neural network. Skip-gram approach of word2vec model is used in the proposed model to generate word vectors. In this research work, several deep learning models have been developed and evaluated as baseline systems such as recurrent neural network (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), Bi-LSTM. Furthermore, these baseline systems are promoted to a proposed model with the integration of CNN and conditional random field (CRF) layers. After a comparative analysis of results, it is verified that the performance of the proposed model (i.e., Bi-LSTM-CNN-CRF) is impressive. The proposed system achieves 61% precision, 56% recall, and 58% F-measure.
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Indian, Ajay, and Karamjit Bhatia. "An Approach to Recognize Handwritten Hindi Characters Using Substantial Zernike Moments With Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Computer Vision and Image Processing 11, no. 2 (April 2021): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcvip.2021040105.
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A technique to recognize off-line handwritten Hindi character is suggested by employing Zernike complex moments like a tool to describe the characteristics of a character. Further, an algorithm for selecting the features is employed to identify the substantial image moments from the extracted moments, as the extracted moments may have some insignificant ones. Insignificant moments can increase the computational time and can also degrade the classification accuracy. Thus, the objectives of the study are twofold: (1) to find the important Zernike moments by employing the Genetic algorithm (GA) and (2) the classification of each character is performed using neural network. This way, the performance of the proposed technique is evaluated on two parameters (i.e., speed and recognition accuracy). Further, the efficacy of GA for selecting the moment features is assessed, and the efficacy of selected Zernike complex moments using GA is analyzed for handwritten Hindi characters. Here, the authors used a resilient backpropagation learning algorithm (RPROP) as a classification model.
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Singh, R. K. "Problems of Mining Terminology in India." Meta 31, no. 2 (September 30, 2002): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004163ar.
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Abstract In 1961 the Government of India appointed a Standing Commission for Scientific and Technical Terminology to formulate principles for evolution of terminology and preparation of standard textbooks in Hindi and other Indian Languages. The Commission published several glossaries of Engineering terminology, but none of mining engineering. From 1943 to 1954, Professor Raghu Vira, the noted Indian linguist, also published quite a few special dictionaries, and for the first time collected and compiled some mining terms in his Comprehensive English-Hindi Dictionary (1981). Though these indicate a first positive move toward collecting, processing and disseminating specialised vocabularies, their authors' principles and methods of developing terminologies vary. For want of a standard terminology of mining in Hindi and a lack of understanding of terminological concepts and their interrelationships, no textbook of mining could be written in or translated into Indian languages. It is also realised that translation of mining literature should be done by mining engineer translators who understand the systems of concepts, systems of terms and principles of translation. For a wider dissemination of scientific knowledge and technical skills, development of terminologies in Indian languages on internationally accepted sound terminological principles is necessary, even though presently subject specialists communicate in English. With the present government formulating programmes to use on a large scale the new communication technology in our school system, teaching of terminology within the framework of ESP syllabus at undergraduate level is also suggested.
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Oumlil, Kenza. "Muslims and Media Images." American Journal of Islam and Society 29, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v29i2.1206.
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Ather Farouqi’s edited book Muslims and Media Images: News VersusViews examines the Hindi and Urdu press as well as Hindi and regional languagefilms. The uniqueness of the collection lies in the grounded approachtaken to study the topic of media images of Indian Muslims. Along with anintroduction and two appendices, this volume consists of nineteen mainlyshort chapters organized in four sections that highlight the experiences ofmedia practitioners, who provide their own accounts and testimonies. Consistingof journalists, newspaper editors, filmmakers, and academics ‒ thecontributors to this volume are writing from the field, while incorporatinghistorical components in a tone embedded in a storytelling style. Althoughcertain generalizations and scattered links between chapters might distractreaders, such grounded conversations are valuable to academics interestedin generating theory from the practice of making media. Most authors providedvivid examples here from their own involvement in the process ofwriting or editing news, while relying on a minimal use of citations, whichpresents an interesting alternative format to standard academic studies.This book offers relevant reading to scholars of Islamic studies, communication,journalism, cinema, political science, and readers interested inIndian media and Muslim representations ...
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Chahal, N., and N. Kinra. "Marketing Evening Newspapers: An Analysis." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 13, no. 4 (October 1988): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919880406.
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The Times of India group launched a Hindi evening newspaper, Sandhya Samachar Seva from Lucknow in October 1984. It was discontinued in February 1987, after nearly two and a half years. Chahal and Kinra analyse the concept of the Sandhya Samachar Seva based on a survey of a small number of literate commuters, content analysis of issue samples of the newspaper, and its revenues and costs. The authors identify the importance of developing a marketable concept viewing the newspaper as a product and developing it from the concerns of its readers and advertisers.
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GOLOB, Nina. "Foreword." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.9.1.5-6.
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In the mids of cold northern winds and landscape covered with snow we are pleased to announce the first ALA issue of the year 2019, which contains six research articles. Warm congratulation goes to all the authors, and words of appreciation to the Editorial team and recently enlarged proofreading team that have been working very hard in order to offer state-of-the-art contemporary linguistic research in this journal.
The present issue is opened up by Mayuri J. DILIP and Rajesh KUMAR, who present a unified account of licensing conditions of Negative Polarity Items (NPI) in Telugu. In their work “Negative Polarity Items in Telugu” they analyze the distribution of NPIs in complex sentences with embedded clauses, and conclude that negation c-commanding NPI be conducted at the base-generated position.
Kun SUN with his article “The Integration Functions of Topic Chains in Chinese Discourse” thoroughly presents the long and extensive Chinese research tradition on topic chains, and re-examines their core characteristics with the help of the so-called “integration functions”.
The following paper “Tracing the Identity and Ascertaining the Nature of Brahmi-derived Devanagari Script” by Krishna Kumar PANDEY and Smita JHA exploits the orthographic design of Brahmi-derived scripts. Authors argue that such scripts should not be described with the existing linguistic properties of alphabetic and syllabic scripts but should instead gains its own categorization with a unique descriptor.
Chikako SHIGEMORI BUČAR successfully submitted the article “Image of Japan among Slovenes” in which she represents the process and mechanism of borrowing from Japanese into Slovene. Conclusions briefly touch the image of Japan seen through the borrowing process and consolidated loanwords, and predict possible development of borrowing in the near future.
Another interesting paper “Understanding Sarcastic Metaphorical Expression in Hindi through Conceptual Integration Theory” was authored by Sandeep Kumar SHARMA and Sweta SINHA. Based on a corpus of five thousand sentences, authors examine the abstract notion of sarcasm within the framework of conceptual integration theory, and with special reference to Hindi language. Findings aim to provide a theoretical understanding on how Hindi sarcasm is perceived among the native speakers.
And last but not least, Điệp Thi Nhu NGUYỄN, An-Vinh LƯƠNG, and Điền ĐINH humbly observe research backlog in the area of Vietnamese text readability and write their paper “Affection of the part of speech elements in Vietnamese text readability” to encourage researchers to further explore the field and put Vietnamese findings on the world’s map.
Editors and Editorial Board wish the regular and new readers of the ALA journal a pleasant read full of inspiration.
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Arun Kumar Nishad. "Tribal-discussion depicted in 'Dhanuratnomi' poetry collection." Knowledgeable Research: A Multidisciplinary Journal 1, no. 10 (May 31, 2023): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.57067/kr.v1i10.81.
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The word Adivasi is made up of two words, Aadi and Vasi. Adi means 'original' and 'vasi' means resident. Tribal refers to the original inhabitants of the earth who live in dense forests, high mountains and inaccessible valleys. Tribals are those who live in remote places in the mountains and forests, away from the civilized world, use the same tribal dialect and mostly eat meat and live in semi-nude condition. The literal meaning of tribal is the caste living in the country since time immemorial.
India is a country of cultural diversities. Different castes reside here. In which tribals have an important place. Tribals are the symbol of our ancient culture, who have lagged behind due to being separated from the society. Today the tribal society is passing through a difficult phase of crisis. The problems of water, forest and land, problems of folk culture, problems related to education, health and women are becoming serious day by day.
In India, tribals are called by many names such as aborigines, indigenous, deshaj, natives, tribes, forest dwellers, jungles, girijans, barbarians etc.
Prof. Bir Bharat Talwar has made four categories of tribal related literature- 1. There are some writers who have little and superficial knowledge about the tribal society and at the same time are obsessed with their Savarna Hindu rituals, their socio-cultural Suffer from prejudices and portray the tribal society from the same point of view.
2. The second category is of those writers who have been close to the tribals for a long time and have full sympathy with them, are also somewhat aware of their society, their main tendency is to portray the oppression, exploitation and oppression of the tribals and their economic, To raise political problems.
3. Literature of those authors who have lived among the tribals for a long time, who have seen their good and bad and tried to understand their tendencies. 4. The fourth category is the literature written by the tribals themselves. It does not matter whether they wrote it in their native languages or in Hindi, Bengali or other regional languages.
Out of these four categories, Veer Bharat Talwar considers only the fourth category as authentic tribal literature and the remaining three categories as tribal related literature. Sushila Samad is the first name in Hindi tribal poetry, but after that there is a lack of continuity. That's why we can consider the beginning of contemporary Hindi tribal poetry from the poems of Ramdayal Munda. Who has written poems in Hindi along with Mundari.
The tradition of tribal literature can be understood by dividing it into three parts-
1. Ancestral Literature
2. Tradition of literature written in tribal languages
3. Contemporary tribal writings.
According to Dr. Ramanika Gupta - "A tribal cannot live without forest, land, without their language, lifestyle, values. Tribal is the native of this country."
According to Krober - "People have a relation with the primitive tribe, life has a common culture of its own."
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Borah, Rashmi Rekha, Bhuvaneswari G, and Moon Moon Hussain. "When Worlds Collide: Using Films to Understand the Heterotopic Overlaps of Multiple Worlds." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 2363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.2363ecst.
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Heterotopia is an idea as put forward by Michel Foucault, from the notion of place and non-place as disruptive elements. This article explores the fascination with Foucault's brief and sketchy idea of heterotopia in the context of cinema. We examine how the elements of heterotopias are most productively understood through the narrative of popular cinema as quintessential traits of film industry across the globe. Films like Caparhnaum, Fahrenheit 451, Interstellar, Stalker (1979), Avatar, Gulabo Sitabo(Hindi) and many more are examples of heterotopic films. These films stimulated utopian as well as dystopian affects in their audiences. The notion of heterotopia has been extensively deployed in media studies. In this paper, we discuss Caparhnaum and Fahrenheit 451 as a richly heterotopic films in which cinema worked with spaces within spaces. Using the heterotopic dichotomy the authors examine filmmaking as it reconstructs the simulated spaces. The authors also want to underscore, in cinema, what the space consists of, who occupies it, and in what ways.
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Shakir, Muhammad, and Dagmar Deuber. "Compiling a corpus of South Asian online Englishes: A report, some reflections and a pilot study." ICAME Journal 47, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/icame-2023-0007.
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Abstract In this research article we introduce the South Asian Online Englishes (SAOnE) corpus representing four South Asian countries, i.e. Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, and two native English-speaking countries, i.e. the UK and the USA. We have used semi-automatic and manual methods to collect data from three internet registers, i.e. newspaper comments, web forums and tweets, and a collection of internet sub-registers which we label as blogs and websites. Additionally, we have collected text messages using online freelance hiring platforms from each of the South Asian countries mentioned above. Each register category in the corpus consists of approximately 1 million words per register per country, except text messages, which contains around 500,000 words per country and only includes the four South Asian countries. We have verified the origin of website and blog links, authors of Twitter, and where possible of commenters and web forum users to make sure that only local content of each country is included. The corpus features some indigenous language content, which is tagged. In addition to the description of this dataset, we also present a pilot study analysing three discourse particles, namely na, neh, and yaar. The discourse particles na and yaar are native to Hindi/Urdu, while neh is based on a Sinhala negation marker. Our analysis indicates that na and neh have similarities in terms of their position in the clause/utterance. However, neh is confined to Sri Lanka while the Hindi/Urdu based discourse particles are also used in our Twitter data from Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The use of these discourse particles in Bangladeshi tweets shows the influence of Indian culture through Bollywood celebrities. Of the Hindi/Urdu discourse particles yaar and na, yaar is preferred in Pakistan while na is preferred in India; additionally, yaar is used at the start of the clause more often in our Pakistani data. Lastly, we discuss the implications of the pilot study, the advantages of the type of data used for the pilot study, and future research directions.
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Chambers, Claire, and Rachael Gilmour. "Brexit, the pandemic and the battle with language: An interview with Daljit Nagra." Crossings: Journal of Migration & Culture 13, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/cjmc_00069_7.
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This interview with the well-known poet Daljit Nagra was conducted in summer 2022 by Claire Chambers, with Rachael Gilmour providing questions in absentia due to a bout of coronavirus. In it, the three discuss such issues as ‘refugee tales’, poetic ethics and voice, the Brexit referendum’s emboldening of the far right and, of course, the COVID-19 pandemic. Above all, the conversation turns to Nagra’s bending of language via his use of ‘babu English’, his interpolation of Hindi and Punjabi words and his influences from such authors as William Shakespeare, John Milton and Nissim Ezekiel. Nagra looks in particular towards his fifth, forthcoming collection Indiom. In these ways, the interview develops on and updates interview with Nagra for Crossings and chapter on language and voice in Nagra’s first three collections.
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Schubotz, Moritz, Philipp Scharpf, Kaushal Dudhat, Yash Nagar, Felix Hamborg, and Bela Gipp. "Introducing MathQA: a Math-Aware question answering system." Information Discovery and Delivery 46, no. 4 (November 19, 2018): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/idd-06-2018-0022.
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Purpose This paper aims to present an open source math-aware Question Answering System based on Ask Platypus. Design/methodology/approach The system returns as a single mathematical formula for a natural language question in English or Hindi. These formulae originate from the knowledge-based Wikidata. The authors translate these formulae to computable data by integrating the calculation engine sympy into the system. This way, users can enter numeric values for the variables occurring in the formula. Moreover, the system loads numeric values for constants occurring in the formula from Wikidata. Findings In a user study, this system outperformed a commercial computational mathematical knowledge engine by 13 per cent. However, the performance of this system heavily depends on the size and quality of the formula data available in Wikidata. As only a few items in Wikidata contained formulae when the project started, the authors facilitated the import process by suggesting formula edits to Wikidata editors. With the simple heuristic that the first formula is significant for the paper, 80 per cent of the suggestions were correct. Originality/value This research was presented at the JCDL17 KDD workshop.
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Hindi, Nadia, Irene García, Alberto Sánchez-Camacho, Antonio Gutierrez, Javier Peinado, Inmaculada Rincón, Johanna Benedetti, et al. "Erratum: Hindi, N., et al. Trabectedin Plus Radiotherapy for Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma: Experience in Forty Patients Treated at a Sarcoma Reference Center. Cancers 2020, 12, 3740." Cancers 13, no. 7 (March 29, 2021): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13071557.
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Bhatt, Rakesh M. "EXPLORATIONS IN INDIAN SOCIOLINGUISTICS.Rajendra Singh, Probal Dasgupta, and Jayant K. Lele (Eds.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1995. Pp. 258. $23.95 cloth." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 20, no. 1 (March 1998): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263198221061.
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This book is dedicated to “all those working for the liquidation of sociolinguistics as we know it” (p. 6). One of the dominant themes of this book is a conservative skepticism about institutional claims to a knowledge of Indian sociolinguistics—western scholars and their “Indian cohorts” (p. 31, and passim) claiming to know the multilingual complexities of India. The nine essays, most previously published, are assembled in an attempt to deconstruct some of the established paradigms of Indian sociolinguistics, especially those that authors believe are guided by western models. The authors' dissatisfaction with the use of western parameters in interpreting the social realities of India is shared by most, if not all, linguists active in research in Indian linguistics; this book presents, in one volume, critiques of the works done in the past. After reading the book, whether or not one agrees with its stated agenda or its reinterpretation of the data, it is a brilliantly provocative, sometimes polemic, revisionist account of the multilingual realities of South Asia. The first nine essays offer critiques of studies in both micro- and macro-sociolinguistic traditions. The last two essays review two books: Gumperz's (1982) Language and social identity, and Bhatia's (1987) A history of the Hindi grammatical tradition.
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Nijhawan, Shobna. "Gendered lives in vernacular fiction: Redefining family in Hindi short stories of the early 1940s." Indian Economic & Social History Review 56, no. 1 (January 2019): 33–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019464618817368.
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This article is embedded in discourses surrounding the new mobility of people as well as scientific, technological and socio-cultural changes in a late-colonial setting. It investigates how a number of prominent and less-known male authors from the centre and margins of the twentieth-century Hindi literary canon, including Rishabhcharan Jain, Shriyut ‘Arun’ and Durgadas Bhaskar, depict unconventional family constellations and human relationships that challenge normative conceptions of family, fatherhood, conjugality and blood bonds as well as gender roles and responsibilities. The short stories under investigation suggest that human relationships require constant negotiation and investigation of the meaning of kinship, caste, class and the human. In the process, we encounter adulterous husbands, strong wives and nurturing fathers’ life struggles and tribulations. These short stories centre on husband–wife, man–mistress, wife–mistress and father–son relationships. Their male protagonists are authoritative towards their wives, caring towards their mistresses and nurturing towards children. At times, their self-sacrifice goes as far as to complete self-annihilation for the sake of the offspring, and, at other times, they lead double lives. Mothers are absent in these short stories. Instead, male protagonists claim parenthood and are ready to go as far as to abduct infants in order to perform fatherhood. I argue that parenting constellations and conjugality became negotiable for a number of factors that are addressed in my selection of Hindi short stories: (a) parenthood was not contingent upon biology (as stories on adoption and abduction suggest), (b) contraception was readily available to women and men (as promoted in periodicals of the time) and in the process also changing attitudes towards sexuality and conjugality, (c) abortion emerged as a medical option to undo a pregnancy emerging from an illicit love affair and (d) the new mobility enabled people to get around easily and frequently and even lead double lives. In addressing these factors, fiction published and circulated in periodicals offered novel imaginative and innovative spaces for the negotiation of family models once projected as normative in social reformist and nationalist discourses.
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Kumar, Aarti, and Sujoy Das. "Dealing with Relevance Ranking in Cross-Lingual Cross-Script Text Reuse." International Journal of Information Retrieval Research 6, no. 1 (January 2016): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijirr.2016010102.
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Proliferation of multilingual content on the web has paved way for text reuse to get cross-lingual and also cross script. Identifying cross language text reuse becomes tougher if one considers cross-script less resourced languages. This paper focuses on identifying text reuse between English-Hindi news articles and improving their relevance ranking using two phases (i) Heuristic retrieval phase for reducing search space and (ii) post processing phase for improving the relevance ranking. Dictionary based strategy of Cross-Language Information Retrieval is used for heuristic retrieval and Parse Feature Vector Model (PFVS) is proposed for post processing to improve the relevance ranking. The application of this model has been successful in tackling the obfuscation problems of synonymy, hyponymy, hypernymy, antonym, sentence addition/ deletion and word inflection. Instead of using traditional approaches, Parse Feature Vectors have been explored to detect the reused documents and as per the knowledge of the authors it is a novel contribution with regards to these two language pairs.
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Bergman, Zinette, Yael Teschemacher, Bimal Arora, Rijit Sengupta, Klaus Michael Leisinger, and Manfred Max Bergman. "Developing the business-society nexus through corporate responsibility expectations in India." critical perspectives on international business 16, no. 2 (January 14, 2019): 143–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-12-2017-0087.
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Purpose The Government of India dramatically altered the dynamic between business and society when it introduced the Companies Act 2013, which mandated firms to expend at least 2 per cent of average net profits on corporate responsibility (CR) programmes. This reconfiguration of social value creation may serve as a template for a closer and participatory relationship between the private sector and government in emerging economies and beyond. This paper aims to analyse how CR expectations have taken shape in the print media in India. Specifically, the authors ask the following: What are the dimensions of CR expectations in mainstream Indian newspapers?, and Why, according to the newspaper narratives, do corporations have these responsibilities? Design/methodology/approach In this qualitative study, the authors randomly selected and analysed 50 per cent (n = 442) of the newspaper articles that dealt explicitly with CR. The articles appeared in the top five Indian English-language newspapers and the top two Hindi-language newspapers between 1 January and 31 December 2015. Using Content Configuration Analysis (CCA), the authors developed a typology of CR expectations and analysed their associated justifications. Finally, they used CCA to analyse how this typology and its justifications connect to the two main stakeholders: the business sector and government. Findings The analyses reveal how the introduction of the Companies Act 2013 had a major impact on CR expectations by explicitly and legally casting the business sector as the engine of social development. The authors were able to describe how contextual and cultural dimensions frame evolving interests and societal demands towards corporations, and how difficult it may be for corporations to fulfil CR expectations that are well beyond their core business and that reach domains usually pertaining to government. Originality/value This study contributes an empirical exploration of media discourse on contemporary CR expectations in India and its associated notions of social value creation, and how these are shaped by various cultural and contextual influences. The authors discuss how this novel approach to CR modifies the relations between business and society, and they reflect on the opportunities and limits of this model for other emerging economies, which struggle to formulate a symbiotic relationship between business and society.
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Kadam, Dipali M. "Diasporic consciousness in contemporary Indian women’s fiction in English: at a glance." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 27, no. 3 (October 12, 2022): 532–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2022-27-3-532-540.
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Diasporic literature is a pivotal term in literature that includes the literary works of the authors who are the outsiders for their native country but their work is deeply rooted in homeland by reflecting native culture, background, displacement and so on. Indian women’s literary work is at the forefront of diasporic literature. The advent of Indian women novelists on the literary horizon is an important development in the Indian English literature. These women writers have also contributed to other genres, such as drama, poetry and short stories, not only in English but also in regional languages like Hindi, Marathi, Bengali, Punjabi, Tamil, Kannada and so on. Some modern women writers flourish their writing in the form of fables as a literary genre in an impressive way to focus on the specific themes. In last two decades, Indian women’s writing in English is blossomed, both published in India and abroad. The present paper is the review of diasporic consciousness in select works of contemporary Indian women novelists. It focuses on the attempt to highlight the quest for identity of those women who played a crucial role in defining themselves through their literary work in diasporic background.
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Habeeb, Shaad. "Assessment of behavior-based performance in banking and insurance sector." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 7 (February 4, 2020): 1345–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-02-2019-0074.
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PurposeAlthough individual work performance (IWP) has been the subject of research by many authors, most of them have explored work performance as an outcome. However, IWP can also be viewed as conducive job behaviors. On the other hand, as employee behavior is contextual, it must be analyzed from various angles, especially in regard to a national culture of employees. In line with that, the purpose of this study was to explore the behavior-based IWP in the banking and insurance sector in New Delhi (India) by testing the original tool and modifying it into a proposed instrument for its assessment in a Hindi–English environment.Design/methodology/approachUsing a quantitative approach and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, specific items for the work performance assessment were selected. The specific steps involved in these processes and resulting item inclusion are discussed in detail.FindingsAlthough employees display a positive behavior-related work performance, there is a difference between private and public company workers. The study proposes modification to the original scale used.Originality/valueThe originality of the study is the assessment of IWP as a result of job behaviors in the non-Western context, in banking and insurance companies. The study has both theoretical and practical value.
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MEWADEV, BRAJESH KUMAR GUPTA “., and MORVE ROSHAN. "The Proficiency and Familiarity of English in Indian Context." International Journal of English Language Studies 2, no. 3 (August 30, 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijels.2020.2.3.3.
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The position of Indian English in the three-way section can also be read by looking at the definitions presented by the authors of each section. Because this language is part of the country's leading institutions. It plays a second language role in the multilingual society (E.g. India, 55 other places). Recognition is acknowledged and efforts are being made to find common features of Indian Indians. As a result of such English variants, it complies with what is acceptable in English for native speakers according to the terms' vocabulary 'and' morph syntax. One should definitely be able to speak in English for having good English vocabulary. If one wants to cross the country for educational or career goals, while the government has intensified its efforts to improve the quality of higher education institutions in India. The number of Indian students seems to prefer to study abroad. Not only is English, which is why but it is also the most spoken language and lingua franca. It is a brilliant language that comes from the interaction of native English and Indians, who spoke their native languages. Nevertheless, right-wing organizations are still trying to promote Hindi, while leaders in other provinces (especially South African regions) are promoting their vernaculars. However, English has a castle in India. In the context of the identification of English as a foreign language, we refer only to the source of the language.
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Suman, Aarzoo, Anish Shouan, Shubh Mohan Singh, and Krishan Kumar. "The acceptability of a self-guided psychological intervention for patients with COVID-19 in isolation and quarantine." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 9, no. 4 (March 25, 2022): 1877. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20220868.
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Background: A significant number of patients not requiring intensive care would experience psychological symptoms and distress. This may necessitate mental health care services which may be not be feasible given the number of patients involved and paucity of mental health care workers. An innovative solution for such a scenario may be in the form of a self-guided psychological intervention. The aim of the study was to test the acceptability of a brief self-guided psychological intervention for patients in quarantine and isolation with COVID-19.Methods: The authors developed a brief, self-guided psychological intervention handout targeted towards reducing psychological distress and enhancing the coping of patients in quarantine and isolation due to COVID-19. This was developed concurrently in English, Hindi and Punjabi languages. This was administered to 60 patients. Assessments were done at baseline and at two weeks.Results: Assessments were completed in 51 patients (21 isolated and 30 quarantined). A majority of the patients in both groups found the intervention to be appropriate in form and content, relevant to the situation, had a positive emotional impact on them, enhanced their understanding of the situation and was perceived as being useful overall. The intervention was found to be highly acceptable.Conclusions: The study demonstrates the acceptability and feasibility of using this intervention in patients in isolation and quarantine due to COVID-19. The intervention lends itself to ease of use and can be scaled up at little cost.
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BEKEŠ, Andrej. "Foreword." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 3, no. 2 (December 9, 2013): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.3.2.5-6.
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I am glad to observe that in line with the original concept of ALA, papers chosen for publication in this issue are addressing a variety of problems pertinent to a multifaceted phenomenon such as language. There are five papers, two dealing with Japanese, one with Punjabi and two with Persian, employing multiple perspectives and methodologies.The first paper, by Irena SRDANOVIĆ and Kumiko SAKODA, is concerned with Japanese as a second language. In it the authors present a learner's corpus (C-JAS) based analysis of learner’s production of adjectives. They illustrate the general trend in adjective acquisition on the example of the adjective takai (high), examining the correlation of learners' ability with semantic domains covered in their use of adjectives. Paper also proposes new methodology to be further tested on a new larger learner's corpus now being developed at the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics.The second paper, by LI Wenchao, is looking at Japanese from the historical perspective, focusing on verb compounds in Early Middle Japanese (ENJ). The author argues that verb compounds actually developed in EMJ, from a looser association of verbs in earlier stagers of Japanese. Through weakening, compounds develop in two directions, one where the first verb morphs into a prefix, and the other where the second verb is transmuting into a directional/resultative complement, a result in accordance with grammaticalization theory.In the third paper, the authors, Barirah NAZIR, Umair AFTAB, and Ammara SAEED, are dealing passionately with the language shift away from Punjabi. The situation of Punjabi is very complex, being the second major language in Pakistan and also one of the major languages India. The authors are focusing their research on Sargodha region of Pakistan, arguing, based on analysis of questionnaires and interviews, that Punjabi indeed is experiencing language shift, due to the shifting perception of the social role of rival languages, Urdu, the national language, and English, the official language of Pakistan. This result is surprising, since Punjabi in India does not seem to be experiencing a similar shift towards Hindi and/or English.The fourth paper, by the authors Mahla SAEDI, Fateme ALAVI, and Akram SHEKARIAN BEHZADI, is a psycholinguistic study of the rate and intelligibility of speech in hearing impaired Persian speaking pupils. Their findings confirm the expected lower performance of hearing impaired pupils as compared to normally hearing ones. The findings also show statistically significant difference between hearing impaired boys and girls, boys performing better in both speed and intelligibility. On the other hand, in the group of normal pupils, it is the girls that perform better than boys. It would be interesting to know what factors, most probably social, are responsible for such a difference.The last paper, by Azadeh Sharifi MOGHADDAM and Farimah Farrahi MOGHADDAM also deals with Persian. While pointing out the lively cultural contacts between Iran and France since the 17 c. the authors are examining the semantic change undergone by French loanwords in Persian during the last 150 or so years. To explain and categorize the changes the authors propose an elaborate synchronic model of semantic change, able to encompass all of the observed changes.
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Das, S. "Development of a preliminary tool to assess care-giving practices by family members with Schizophrenia: A report from India." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1171.
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IntroductionCare-giving practices by family members have inherent value and importance in the provision of care for patients with schizophrenia. There is dearth of assessment tools that focus on practices followed by caregivers’ while dealing with their relatives with schizophrenia, especially from India.ObjectiveTo develop a tool for the assessment of ‘care-giving practices’ followed by family members while caring for their patients with schizophrenia.Aims(a) To construct a reliable and valid tool on ‘care-giving practices’ followed by family members while caring for their patients with schizophrenia; (b) To determine the various ‘good’ and ‘bad’ practices within this tool.MethodsInitial detailed literature (Pubmed, Goggle search with input by the caregivers generated a list of 24 commonly used practices; which was shortened to 17 statements whose face validity was tested by 14 mental health professionals. Hindi translation with ‘test-retest’ reliability was conducted. Finally, ‘Consensus based approach’ was adopted by the mental health professionals to arrive at objective (b) i.e. statements reflecting ‘good’ or ‘bad’ practice.ResultsFinal questionnaire comprised 15 statements with adequate face and content validity and high test-retest reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.747). 6 items reflected ‘good’ and 9 reflected ‘poor’ practice respectively with maximum score of 15; and categorization from ‘very poor’ to ‘very good’ practices.ConclusionThis preliminary yet simple and easy to use tool will give better understanding about how family members provide ‘care-giving’ practices for patients with schizophrenia. However, this needs further validation, replicability, and possible modifications in a multi-cultural, multi-linguistic country like India.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Brueck, Laura R. "Narrating Dalit womanhood and the aesthetics of autobiography." Journal of Commonwealth Literature 54, no. 1 (June 3, 2017): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021989417710067.
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This article will consider two Hindi-language autobiographies by Dalit women, to explain how we can emphasize the collective, relational, and specifically gendered character of Dalit women’s life writing without simplistically categorizing them as testimonio, “witnessing”. Nor should we over-privilege their gendered specificity, thereby effacing the very real narrative authority, purposefulness, and perspectival control of their authors. Instead, we must be especially attentive to the language of a text and understand how the relationality and collectivity of experience is not accidental or necessarily organic to a woman’s view on her world, but is actively, politically, and consciously constructed in the course of a narrative. Predicated on a reasonable concern over the appropriation of a revolutionary new literary voice, attention to narrative form has been slow in coming to the critical and scholarly analysis of Dalit literature, somewhat paradoxically resulting in the rendering of this literature too as “untouchable”. In exploring what is therefore only a nascent formal criticism of the Dalit autobiographical genre, I believe it is important to express a note of caution against replicating the same kinds of essentializing processes of differentiation (the kind we have seen before in the critical reception of life writing in other cultures and languages) between men’s and women’s Dalit life narratives as ego-driven and individualistic linear progressions to political awakening versus relational, community-based, politically and purposefully diffuse “witnessings”. In this exciting moment in which we have the opportunity to engage with a critically important and rapidly expanding rhetorical movement such as Dalit literature, it is, I believe, a diligent recourse to textual analysis that may yet save us from such facile stereotyping.
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George, Sylvia, and Anjan Kumar Giri. "IJCM_317A: The quality of news reports on violence against health workers in India." Indian Journal of Community Medicine 49, Suppl 1 (April 2024): S92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_abstract317.
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Background: The Indian Medical Association report from 2015 states that around 75% of doctors had faced violence at the workplace. One of the major contributory factors to such assaults is the public conscience against healthcare workers. An improper understanding of the purpose and functions of emergency care and outpatient facilities also adds to the bitterness. The media, especially online has a great influence over them. Inadequate, unscientific, and very often emotional reporting of medical news will not help the frontline workers in peaceful and resource-effective productivity. Objective: To examine the quality of reporting of news articles on violence against health workers in India. Methodology: A cross-sectional study to examine the quality of news articles on violence against healthcare workers published online in the past three years based on the guidelines from the Independent Press Standards Organisation, UK and Press Council of India’s Norms 2022. Articles in English, Hindi, and other regional languages that the authors had expertise in were selected. The data was collected using Google Forms and analysed in Google Sheets. Results: The majority of the articles did not mention the illness and medical management done, while the chronology of the violent incidents was adequately mentioned. Almost 50% of the articles did not mention any witness interviews. One-third of the articles did not mention the date of incidence. One-fourth of the articles, mostly regional language articles used clickbait keywords in the articles. Most of the articles did not give any follow-up reports on the news. Conclusion: There is a huge gap in adequate and unbiased reporting on the incidents of violence against healthcare workers among the online media.
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Clarke, Shereece, Monica Ghotra, Mahima Kuruvila, Aarushi Venkatraman, Vasishtha A. Upadrasta, and Khrystyna Melnyk. "A cross-sectional study to evaluate uploader-based quality and reliability of content on YouTube about endometriosis." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 13, no. 4 (March 28, 2024): 848–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20240776.
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Background: Endometriosis is characterized by the development and presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside of the uterine cavity. Reflux of endometrial tissue fragments, cells, and protein-rich fluid into the pelvis during menstruation is considered the most important mechanism for the development of endometriosis, which is termed reflux menstruation. This study aims to assess quality and reliability of information on YouTube related to endometriosis. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of YouTube videos was conducted in April 2023. Videos related to endometriosis were searched by six authors, easy using one search term. Relevant videos in English or Hindi language of duration 1-20 minutes were included in the study. These were evaluated for type of uploader, popularity, type of content and lastly quality and reliability using global quality score (GQS) and DISCERN scores respectively. Results: The 67 relevant videos conveying Endometriosis related information had 21,620,808 views, 120,830 likes and 11,655 comments. Around 31 (46.3%) of videos uploaded were by doctors and health care organizations, outnumbering those uploaded by news channels 14 (20.9%), patients 5 (7.5%), and others 17 (25.4%). 59 (88.06%) of these videos described symptoms of endometriosis, and 67.1% presented the cause or etiology. A total of 47 (70.1%) of videos discussed information regarding treatment options. Conclusions: YouTube videos have a wide reach among audience. In this study it was found that there was no significant difference in the quality, reliability or video power index (VPI) of videos uploaded by different types of uploaders. It is important to ensure that content with high quality and reliability is available from qualified medical professionals and organizations; for viewers to understand their disease and take treatment decisions.
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Shrotriya, Alok, Jinendra Kumar Jain, and Mohan Lal Chadhar. "Material culture revealed from the antiquities obtained from the excavation of Gambhirwa Tola (Anuppur, M.P.)." Research Review Journal of Social Science 2, no. 1 (July 15, 2022): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrjss.2022.v02.n01.007.
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Archaeological investigations of Darsagar Panchayat in Kotma tehsil area near Maikal mountain in Anuppur district of Madhya Pradesh and excavation at a site named Gambhirwa Tola was done by the authors. In the said archaeological expeditions, numerous antiquities have been found which are helpful in illuminating the ancient history of Anuppur region and connecting the lost links. There are several aspects included in the study of society. Generally, human society is represented in four areas – political, social, economic and religious. In archaeological exploration and excavation, material related to these four areas is broadly documented, analyzed and interpreted. In the detailed excavation, numerous antiquities have been found which reveal various aspects of human life of that time, on the basis of which an attempt has been made to reconstruct the past lifestyle of humans living in the area near Maikal mountain and its vicinity.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
मध्यप्रदेश के अनूपपुर जिले में मैकल पर्वत की समीपवर्ती कोतमा तहसील क्षेत्र में दारसागर पंचायत का पुरातात्विक अन्वेषण एवं गम्भीरवा टोला नामक स्थल उत्खनन लेखकों द्वारा किया गया। उक्त पुरातात्विक अनुसंधान में अनुपपुर क्षेत्र के प्राचीन इतिहास को प्रभासित करने एवं विलुप्त कड़ियों को जोड़ने में सहायक बहुसंख्यक पुरावशेष प्राप्त हुए हैं। मानव समाज अपने परिवेश में विविध पक्षों को समाहित किए हुए होता है। आमतौर पर मानव समाज को चार क्षेत्रों या पहलुओं में निरूपित किया जाता है- राजनीतिक, सामाजिक,आर्थिक एवं धार्मिक। पुरातात्विक अन्वेषण एवं उत्खनन में मौटे तौर पर इन्ही चार क्षेत्रों से संबंधित सामग्री को प्रलेखित, विश्लेषित एवं व्याख्यायित किया जाता है। विवेच्य उत्खनन में तत्कालीन मानव जीवन के विविध पक्षों को सामने लाने वाले बहुसंख्यक पुरावशेष प्राप्त हुए हैं जिनके आधार पर मैकल के समीपवर्ती क्षेत्र में निवासित मानव की भूतकालीन जीवन-पद्धति के पुनर्निर्माण का प्रयास किया गया है।
Keywords: उत्खनन, पुरातत्व, मानव, भौतिक संस्कृति, पुरावशेष, मृद्भाण्ड, मृण्मूर्तियाँ, वलय-कूप
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Chopra, Shivang, Ramit Sawhney, Puneet Mathur, and Rajiv Ratn Shah. "Hindi-English Hate Speech Detection: Author Profiling, Debiasing, and Practical Perspectives." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 01 (April 3, 2020): 386–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i01.5374.
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Code-switching in linguistically diverse, low resource languages is often semantically complex and lacks sophisticated methodologies that can be applied to real-world data for precisely detecting hate speech. In an attempt to bridge this gap, we introduce a three-tier pipeline that employs profanity modeling, deep graph embeddings, and author profiling to retrieve instances of hate speech in Hindi-English code-switched language (Hinglish) on social media platforms like Twitter. Through extensive comparison against several baselines on two real-world datasets, we demonstrate how targeted hate embeddings combined with social network-based features outperform state of the art, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Additionally, we present an expert-in-the-loop algorithm for bias elimination in the proposed model pipeline and study the prevalence and performance impact of the debiasing. Finally, we discuss the computational, practical, ethical, and reproducibility aspects of the deployment of our pipeline across the Web.
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Bharadwaj, Kumkum. "A LETTER FROM THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF." ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 2, no. 2 (October 6, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/shodhkosh.v2.i2.2021.38.
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English: It gives me immense pleasure to inform that “ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts” ISSN: 2582-7472 has been listed in the UGC-CARE list. It is a bi-annual peer-reviewed journal of visual and performing arts that publishes research papers in both Hindi and English. Our editorial members have also contributed significantly in this effort. As a result of this, we have been able to make the research fund one of the leading journals in the field of art, and I congratulate the editorial members and the publisher by appreciating them.I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to all the authors and reviewers whose contribution has made the journal reach this dimension. I would like to thank all the readers, contributors, writers, reviewers, and editorial members for all of you invaluable support and contribution.This change marks the beginning of a new phase of development in the future as we want to establish “ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts” ISSN: 2582-7472 Journal in the fields of art We are committed to striving for a more consistently high standard of publication, while maintaining our wide range of teachers that includes all of the faculty members. On a national and international level, we want to assist the journal in any way we can. Even as we reimagine ourselves in conventional fields of the arts, we will continue to publish theoretical, artistic, and empirical investigations of modern and contemporary art in all its aspects.Over the years We have made several significant modifications to “ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts” ISSN: 2582-7472 which will benefit all the researchers as well as we have done. ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts (ShodhKosh) " ISSN: 2582-7472" is indexed on CrossRef, CrossMark, Google Scholar, Portico, Dimensions, PKP Preservation Network (PKP PN), Index Copernicus, PKP Index, so that all the papers published by us can be read nationally and internationally. We provide a unique DOI to each research article. The ShodhKosh is always progressing to support our commitment with well.
Hindi: मुझे यह सूचित करते हुए अत्यंत हर्ष का अनुभव हो रहा है “ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts” ISSN: 2582-7472 UGC-CARE list में अनुक्रमिनित कर लिया गया है। यह एक अर्द्धवार्षिक पत्रिका है, जिसमें हिंदी व अंग्रेजी भाषा में शोध पत्रों का प्रकाशन किया जाता है। इस प्रयास में हमारे सम्पादकीय सदस्यों का भी महत्वपूर्ण योगदान रहा है। इसी के परिणाम स्वरूप हम शोध-कोष को कला के क्षेत्र में अग्रणी पत्रिकाओं में से एक बनाने में सफल हुए हैं, और मैं सम्पादकीय सदस्यों एवं प्रकाशक की सराहना करते हुए उन्हें बधाई देती हूँ। में इस अवसर पर उन सभी लेखकों और समीक्षकों के प्रति आभार व्यक्त करना चाहती हूँ, जिनके योगदान से पत्रिका इस आयाम तक पहुँच पायी है। आप सभी के अमूल्य समर्थन व योगदान के लिए मैं सभी पाठकों, योगदानकर्ताओं, लेखकों, समीक्षकों, व सम्पादकीय सदस्यों को धन्यवाद प्रेषित करती हूँ।यह परिवर्तन भविष्य में विकास के एक नए चरण की शुरुआत का प्रतीक है क्योंकि हम “ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts” ISSN: 2582-7472 UGC-CARE list को कला के क्षेत्रों में मजबूती से स्थापित करना चाहते हैं, इस पत्रिका में कला के सभी शिक्षकों को शामिल करते हुए हम हमारे व्यापक दायरे को बनाये रखते हुए, हम प्रकाशन के निरंतर उच्च मानकों के प्रयास हेतु प्रतिबद्ध है। हम पत्रिका के राष्ट्रीय व अंतराष्ट्रीय समर्थन के लिए प्रयास करेंगे। कला के पारंपिक क्षेत्रों में अपने आप को सशक्त करते हुए आधुनिक और समकालीन कला के सभी आयामों के सैद्धांतिक, मौलिक और अनुभवजन्य अध्ययनों को प्रकाशित करना जारी रखेंगे। विगत वर्षों से हमने “ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts” ISSN: 2582-7472 UGC-CARE list में कुछ महत्वपूर्ण परिवर्तन किए है, जिससे सभी शोधकर्ताओं को लाभ मिले जैसे हमने ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts (ShodhKosh) " ISSN: 2582-7472" की Indexing: CrossRef, CrossMark, Google Scholar, Portico, Dimensions, PKP Preservation Network (PKP PN), Index Copernicus, PKP Index पर की है, जिससे हमारे द्वारा प्रकाशित सभी शोधपत्र राष्ट्रीय व अंतराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर पढ़े जा सके। हमारे द्वारा सभी शोधपत्रों को स्वयं का DOI प्रदान किया जाता है। हमरी प्रतिबद्धता और सुधीजनों के सहयोगार्थ शोध-कोष निरंतर अग्रसर है।