Academic literature on the topic 'Hindu Kush Mountains'

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Journal articles on the topic "Hindu Kush Mountains"

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Naweed, Pohanmal Ahmad Jawid. "A Brief Look at the Natural Conditions of the Hindu Kesh Mountain Range." Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities 3, no. 1 (February 9, 2023): 106–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.3.1.18.

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Afghanistan is a country that is located almost in the center of the Asian continent, it is a landlocked country and in terms of land structure, it introduces a mountainous country among the countries of the world. This country has been of great economic and political importance due to its important geographical and strategic location in different periods of history. The land structure of Afghanistan consists of steep mountains full of snow, deep valleys, raging seas, high levels, hills, plains and deserts, each of which It has special features. The range of mountains that are present in all its shares, generally extends from northeast to southwest. Some of the northeastern and central parts of the country are made up of large high plains, the backbone of which is the Hindu Kush mountain. The Hindu Kush mountain is located along the Pamir mountain chain, extending from the northeast to the southwest and the central regions of Afghanistan cover a wide area, and from this part, its width also increases, so the Hindu Kush mountains are divided into two parts, the eastern and the western is divided. Knowing and knowing about the Hindu Kush mountain range, its natural conditions and obtaining information about the strategic and strategic importance of this mountain range.
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Ayobi, Ahmad Samim, Rafaqat Masroor, Abdul Basit, and Daniel Jablonski. "The distribution of the critically endangered salamander Paradactylodon (Afghanodon) mustersi (Smith, 1940) in Afghanistan." Herpetozoa 35 (June 30, 2022): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.35.e86028.

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The Afghanistan Mountain Salamander, Paradactylodon (Afghanodon) mustersi (Smith, 1940), is an evolutionary old species, listed as Critically Endangered by IUCN Red List. The species is endemic to the Hindu Kush mountain range with records from only a few localities from four central-eastern Afghan provinces (Kabul, Ghazni, Parwan, and Wardak). Due to the long-term complicated political situation in the country which makes zoological research almost impossible, the current distribution and the presence of P. mustersi at previously known localities has remained unassessed for 40 years. We carried out recent, sporadic surveys between 2017 and 2021 to detect P. mustersi in three tributaries of the Paghman stream on the southern slopes of the Hindu Kush Mountains and the two nearby provinces (Panjsheer and Parwan), where the presence of the species was expected. We confirmed the occurrence of P. mustersi at all survey sites, and present the first record of the species for Panjsheer Province. We also confirmed that the species is currently endangered by human-mediated factors like habitat disturbance (increased visitors attendance, water pollution, construction activities), especially in the Paghman area.
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Wang, Qiuyu, Shuang Yi, and Wenke Sun. "Precipitation-driven glacier changes in the Pamir and Hindu Kush mountains." Geophysical Research Letters 44, no. 6 (March 25, 2017): 2817–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017gl072646.

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McClung, D. M. "Avalanche character and fatalities in the high mountains of Asia." Annals of Glaciology 57, no. 71 (January 2016): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/2016aog71a075.

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Abstract.With the exception of northern India, there are few, if any, consistent data records relating to avalanche activity in the high mountains of Asia. However, records do exist of avalanche fatalities in the region, contained in mountaineering expedition reports. In this paper, I review and analyze statistics of avalanche fatalities (both snow and ice) in the high mountains of Asia (Himalaya, Karakoram, Pamir, Hindu Kush, Tien Shan, Dazu Shan) from 1895 to 2014. The data are stratified according to accident cause, geographical region (Nepal-Tibet (Xizang), Pakistan, India, China, Central Asia), mountain range, personnel (hired or expedition members) and terrain. The character of the accidents is compared with data from North America and Europe. The data show that the important risk components are the temporal and spatial exposure probabilities. It is shown that human actions and decisions govern the pattern of fatal avalanches in the high mountains of Asia.
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Haq, Noor ul, Fazlur Rahman, Iffat Tabassum, and Mehran. "Forest cover dynamics in Palas Valley Kohistan, Hindu Kush-Himalayan Mountains, Pakistan." Journal of Mountain Science 18, no. 2 (February 2021): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11629-020-6093-4.

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Gruber, Stephan, Renate Fleiner, Emilie Guegan, Prajjwal Panday, Marc-Olivier Schmid, Dorothea Stumm, Philippus Wester, Yinsheng Zhang, and Lin Zhao. "Review article: Inferring permafrost and permafrost thaw in the mountains of the Hindu Kush Himalaya region." Cryosphere 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2017): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-81-2017.

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Abstract. The cryosphere reacts sensitively to climate change, as evidenced by the widespread retreat of mountain glaciers. Subsurface ice contained in permafrost is similarly affected by climate change, causing persistent impacts on natural and human systems. In contrast to glaciers, permafrost is not observable spatially and therefore its presence and possible changes are frequently overlooked. Correspondingly, little is known about permafrost in the mountains of the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) region, despite permafrost area exceeding that of glaciers in nearly all countries. Based on evidence and insight gained mostly in other permafrost areas globally, this review provides a synopsis on what is known or can be inferred about permafrost in the mountains of the HKH region. Given the extreme nature of the environment concerned, it is to be expected that the diversity of conditions and phenomena encountered in permafrost exceed what has previously been described and investigated. We further argue that climate change in concert with increasing development will bring about diverse permafrost-related impacts on vegetation, water quality, geohazards, and livelihoods. To better anticipate and mitigate these effects, a deepened understanding of high-elevation permafrost in subtropical latitudes as well as the pathways interconnecting environmental changes and human livelihoods are needed.
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Chettri, Nakul. "Reconciling Mountain Biodiversity Conservation in a Changing Climate: A Hindu Kush-Himalayan Perspective." Conservation Science 2, no. 1 (October 21, 2015): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/cs.v2i1.13766.

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Mountains occupy 24% of the global land surface area and are home to 12% of the world’s population. They have ecological, aesthetic, and socioeconomic significance, not only for those living in mountain areas, but also for people living beyond. The Hindu Kush-Himalayan region (HKH) expanding to over four million square kilometres is endowed with rich biodiversity, culture, and sources of varied goods and services that serve more than 200 million people living in the region and 1.3 billion people living in the river basins receive services from them. The countries sharing the HKH have set aside 39% of the biodiversity rich area for different systems of protection. However, in the recent years, the HKH is facing numerous drivers of environmental change including climate change. Various studies suggest that warming in the HKH has been much higher than the global average over the last 100 years and the HKH is already facing climate change threats at ecoregions, ecosystems and species levels. While climate change is a global problem requiring a global solution, the HKH countries have initiated various reconciling initiatives to link conservation with climate change for enhancing ecological and socio-economic resilience. However, there is serious paucity of expertise, capacity and data on climate change as well as biodiversity in the HKH bringing challenges in enhancing the resilience. Considering the significance of the HKH on local, regional, and global levels, it is imperative to close the gaps to meet the challenges arising from the consequences of climate change. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), with its partners, has conceptualised a number of innovative conservation approaches with an objective to reconcile biodiversity conservation goals with climate change challenges. These conservation approaches have a huge potential for mutual benefits from the common good practices, resources and expertise and there is a need for more formal cooperative agreements between the various institutions and communities of the countries at the regional level for addressing regional issues of conservation in the changing climate.Conservation Science Vol.2(1) 2014: 17-27
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Haq, Noor Ul, George Kontakiotis, Hammad Tariq Janjuhah, Fazlur Rahman, Iffat Tabassum, Usman Khan, Jamil Khan, Zahir Ahmad, and Naveed Jamal. "Environmental Risk Assessment in the Hindu Kush Himalayan Mountains of Northern Pakistan: Palas Valley, Kohistan." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 16679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416679.

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Forest cover in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) mountains of northern Pakistan has changed dramatically due to community dynamics such as population growth, household dynamics, and intensive economic activity for people’s livelihoods. Demographic development is one of the major factors influencing forest cover change in a previously sparsely populated environment. An abrupt upsurge in population exerts adverse effects on the local natural resources, specifically forests. The present research shows an increase in population from 1980 to 2017, the development of human settlements, and a long-term decline in forest cover. This study was conducted in the Palas valley in the HKH mountains using GIS and remote sensing (RS) technology. Analysis of the changes between 1980, 2000, and 2017 was done using ArcGIS and the maximum likelihood algorithm for supervised classification of Landsat MSS TM ETM+ and Sentinel 2A satellite images. We used Euclidean distances and buffer analysis techniques to identify that most changes occurred within 1 to 3 km of the settlement’s proximity in each period. We also found changes in forest cover to be much greater near settlements than elsewhere in the study area. According to the findings of the study, population explosion and other socio-economic factors have imposed excessive pressure on vegetation cover, resulting in the loss of 17,076 ha of forests in the remote Palas valley.
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Singh, Sreoshi, S. M. Tanvir Hassan, Masooma Hassan, and Neha Bharti. "Urbanisation and water insecurity in the Hindu Kush Himalaya: Insights from Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan." Water Policy 22, S1 (February 12, 2019): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2019.215.

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Abstract This paper reviews the interlinkages of critical state of water resources, supply systems, rapid urbanisation and demand regime, aggravated by tourism leading to increasing water insecurity in the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH). Urban centres in the HKH have been defined based on different criteria, but mountain-specific criteria are lacking. In the mountains, small settlements such as district headquarters perform a large number of functions, typical of an urban centre. However, they are not formally classified as urban centres because they do not meet the census-defined nationally set criteria of the respective country. Nonetheless, water insecurity is a reality, attributed to: (i) water governance issues; (ii) inappropriate urban planning, failing, and to some extent, unable to account for the floating population, such as tourists; and (iii) the scourge of climate change which could worsen the situation further. Short-term coping strategies to meeting water demands often involve unsustainable solutions, such as groundwater extraction, with long-term repercussions. However, long-term strategies for water sustainability by the governments have been beneficial while others are yet to show success. Initiatives by civil society and governments along similar lines in other countries could lead to a water-secure future for the fragile urban centres of the HKH region.
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Hamza, Ali, Muhammad Naveed Anjum, Muhammad Jehanzeb Masud Cheema, Xi Chen, Arslan Afzal, Muhammad Azam, Muhammad Kamran Shafi, and Aminjon Gulakhmadov. "Assessment of IMERG-V06, TRMM-3B42V7, SM2RAIN-ASCAT, and PERSIANN-CDR Precipitation Products over the Hindu Kush Mountains of Pakistan, South Asia." Remote Sensing 12, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 3871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12233871.

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In this study, the performances of four satellite-based precipitation products (IMERG-V06 Final-Run, TRMM-3B42V7, SM2Rain-ASCAT, and PERSIANN-CDR) were assessed with reference to the measurements of in-situ gauges at daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual scales from 2010 to 2017, over the Hindu Kush Mountains of Pakistan. The products were evaluated over the entire domain and at point-to-pixel scales. Different evaluation indices (Correlation Coefficient (CC), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Bias, and relative Bias (rBias)) and categorical indices (False Alarm Ration (FAR), Critical Success Index (CSI), Success Ratio (SR), and Probability of Detection (POD)) were used to assess the performances of the products considered in this study. Our results indicated the following. (1) IMERG-V06 and PERSIANN capably tracked the spatio-temporal variation of precipitation over the studied region. (2) All satellite-based products were in better agreement with the reference data on the monthly scales than on daily time scales. (3) On seasonal scale, the precipitation detection skills of IMERG-V06 and PERSIANN-CDR were better than those of SM2Rain-ASCAT and TRMM-3B42V7. In all seasons, overall performance of IMERG-V06 and PERSIANN-CDR was better than TRMM-3B42V7 and SM2Rain-ASCAT. (4) However, all products were uncertain in detecting light and moderate precipitation events. Consequently, we recommend the use of IMERG-V06 and PERSIANN-CDR products for subsequent hydro-meteorological studies in the Hindu Kush range.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hindu Kush Mountains"

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Hildebrand, Peter. "The Hindu Kush of Pakistan : mountain range evolution from active margin to continent-continent collisions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298343.

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Books on the topic "Hindu Kush Mountains"

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Israr-ud-Din and Anjuman-e.-Taraqqi Khowar (Chitrāl Pakistan), eds. Proceedings of the third International Hindu Kush Cultural Conference. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2008.

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Zou guo Xingdu Kushi shan: A short walk in the Hindu Kush. Taibei Shi: Make Beiluo wen hua shi ye gu fen you xian gong si, 1998.

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Wester, Philippus. The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment: Mountains, Climate Change, Sustainability and People. Cham: Springer Nature, 2019.

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Beyond the North-West Frontier: Travels in the Hindu Kush and Karakorams. Sparkford: Oxford Illustrated, 1988.

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Sharma, Pitamber. Assessing the potentials of market towns in the mountains: Case studies from the Hindu Kush-Himalayas. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 1996.

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Our women are free: Gender and ethnicity in the Hindukush. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2001.

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International, Workshop on Off-Farm Employment Generation in the Hindu Kush-Himalaya Region (1986 Dehra Dūn India). People and jobs in the mountains: Report of the International Workshop on Off-Farm Employment Generation in the Hindu Kush-Himalaya Region. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 1986.

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International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development. Mountain biodiversity of the Hindu Kush-Himalayas. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 2010.

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International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development., ed. The Hindu Kush Himalayas: Partnerships in sustainable mountain development. Kathmandu: ICIMOD, 1999.

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Gurung, Jeannette D. Agroforestry in mountain areas of the Hindu Kush-Himalayan region. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hindu Kush Mountains"

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Breckle, Siegmar-W., and M. Daud Rafiqpoor. "The Hindu Kush/Afghanistan." In Plant Biogeography and Vegetation of High Mountains of Central and South-West Asia, 43–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45212-4_2.

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Resurrección, Bernadette P., Chanda Gurung Goodrich, Yiching Song, Aditya Bastola, Anjal Prakash, Deepa Joshi, Janwillem Liebrand, and Shaheen Ashraf Shah. "In the Shadows of the Himalayan Mountains: Persistent Gender and Social Exclusion in Development." In The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment, 491–516. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92288-1_14.

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Krishnan, Raghavan, Arun B. Shrestha, Guoyu Ren, Rupak Rajbhandari, Sajjad Saeed, Jayanarayanan Sanjay, Md Abu Syed, et al. "Unravelling Climate Change in the Hindu Kush Himalaya: Rapid Warming in the Mountains and Increasing Extremes." In The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment, 57–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92288-1_3.

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Haq, Noor ul, Fazlur Rahman, and Iffat Tabassum. "Dynamics of Forest Cover Changes in Hindu Kush-Himalayan Mountains Using Remote Sensing." In Geospatial Modeling for Environmental Management, 281–307. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003147107-19.

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Huettmann, Falk. "From the Mountains and Glaciers Down to the Rivers to the Estuaries and Oceans: Another Sad Tale of 18 or so Rivers." In Hindu Kush-Himalaya Watersheds Downhill: Landscape Ecology and Conservation Perspectives, 41–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36275-1_3.

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Wang, Yanfen, Ning Wu, Clemens Kunze, Ruijun Long, and Manfred Perlik. "Drivers of Change to Mountain Sustainability in the Hindu Kush Himalaya." In The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment, 17–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92288-1_2.

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Gioli, Giovanna, Ganesh Thapa, Fawad Khan, Purnamita Dasgupta, Dev Nathan, Netra Chhetri, Lipy Adhikari, Sanjay Kumar Mohanty, Elisabetta Aurino, and Laura Mapstone Scott. "Understanding and Tackling Poverty and Vulnerability in Mountain Livelihoods in the Hindu Kush Himalaya." In The Hindu Kush Himalaya Assessment, 421–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92288-1_12.

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Dhakal, Subodh. "Evolution of Geomorphologic Hazards in Hindu Kush Himalaya." In Mountain Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction, 53–72. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55242-0_4.

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Nibanupudi, Hari Krishna, and Manohara Khadka. "Gender and Disaster Resilience in the Hindu Kush Himalayan Region." In Mountain Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction, 233–49. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55242-0_13.

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Atta-ur-Rahman and Rajib Shaw. "Floods in the Hindu Kush Region: Causes and Socio-Economic Aspects." In Mountain Hazards and Disaster Risk Reduction, 33–52. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55242-0_3.

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Reports on the topic "Hindu Kush Mountains"

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Nagpal, Divyam, Nabina Lamichhane, Samikshya Kafle, and Mewang Gyeltshen. The Hindu Kush Himalaya energy profile: A baseline study across eight countries. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.1007.

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This energy profile provides a snapshot for each of the eight countries of the Hindu Kush Himalaya – Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Pakistan. It presents the prevailing energy situation in each of these countries, based on secondary information available in the public domain. It identifies priority areas of action and measures for governments to consider in advancing renewable energy and energy efficiency in the mountain context.
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Mishra, A., N. K. Agrawal, and N. Gupta. Building Mountain Resilience: Solutions from the Hindu Kush Himalaya. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.715.

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Mishra, A., N. K. Agrawal, and N. Gupta. Building Mountain Resilience: Solutions from the Hindu Kush Himalaya. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.715.

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Denholm, J. Agroforestry in Mountain Areas of The Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.83.

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Denholm, J. Agroforestry in Mountain Areas of The Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.83.

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Partap, T., and M. Banskota. Education, Research and Sustainable Mountain Agriculture: Priorities for the Hindu Kush-Himalayas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.229.

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Shankar, K. Status and Role of Mountain Hydrology in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.104.

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Partap, T., and M. Banskota. Education, Research and Sustainable Mountain Agriculture: Priorities for the Hindu Kush-Himalayas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.229.

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Shankar, K. Status and Role of Mountain Hydrology in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.104.

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Tulachan, P. M. State of Mountain Agriculture in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas: A Regional Comparative Analysis. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.378.

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