Academic literature on the topic 'Hindu relief (Sculpture)'

In the Majapahit royal government all elements including culture in the lives of the people, such as sculpture, literary arts, and stage art must all be religious. One of the very unique and specific relics of the Majapahit Kingdom is the Sukuh temple in Central Java, the uniqueness of the temple relief depicting the symbol of human reproduction. Sukuh Temple is a Hindu temple in Majapahit era located in Central Java, located in Sukuh Hamlet, Berjo Village, Ngargoyoso District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province. The reason for choosing the title of Sukuh Temple has a feature that is not found in other temples, especially temples in Java especially. The aim is that the specialty and uniqueness of the Sukuh temple as one of the relief of the heyday of the Majapahit Kingdom This research aims to examine the functions and meanings of the depicting reliefs as a symbol of Hinduism found in Sukuh Temple. Relief findings contained in the Sukuh temple are manifestations of the gods glorified by Hindus so that they are highly sacred. The reliefs included lingga and yoni, garuda reliefs (garudeya stories), head reliefs, and turtle statues. The functions and meanings that are very prominent in the Sukuh Temple are symbols of lingga and yoni, believed to be a symbol of fertility, because it is believed that the origin of life originated from the meeting of two genitals, male and female.

AbstractBiaros in Padanglawas area have many sculpter related with Siwa God. It is shows much relief about some man or giant in different pose or in dancing poses, such as Biaro Bahal I, Biaro Tandihat I, and Biaro Pulo. A pose about traditional dance and related with Siwa as destructor, and in this present shows that dance related with some traditional dance from Papak tribe in North Sumatera. There also some evindence such as triśula, Siva Tandava pose, and story from Thilai Vanam, Nandi and Ganeśa relief showed that reliefs from some biaro are related with Siwa as Hinduism God. In order to understand Padanglawas Biaras religion background, the inductive-deductive analogy from various archaeological data might be used. The result that realize including to several dancing pose, and figuratives relief at Biara Tandihat 1 showed it is similarities to the stories about Lord Siva dance and it is cult at several place.AbstrakBiaro-Biaro di Padanglawas mempunyai banyak temuan kearcaan yang berhubungan Dewa Siwa. Itu semua memperlihatkan relief tentang orang atau raksasa dalam berbagai pose seperti di Biaro Bahal I, Biaro Tandihat I, dan Biaro Pulo. Pose yang berhubungan dengan tari tradisional dan sesuai dengan Siwa sebagai penghancur, pada saat ini ada persamaan dengan tari tradisional dari suku bangsa Pakpak di Sumatera Utara. Juga ditemukan beberapa bukti seperti triśula, beberapa pose dari Siwa Tandawa, cerita tentang Hutan Thilai, Nandi dan Ganesa, kesemuanya berhubungan dengan Dewa Siwa sebagai Dewa Agama Hindu. Untuk memahami latar belakang keagamaan di Biaro-Biaro Padanglawas, maka digunakan penalaran induktif-deduktif dari berbagai data arkeologis. Hasil yang dicapai meliputi beberapa pose tari dan relief tokoh yang ada di Biaro Tandihat I memperlihatkan kesamaan dengan cerita tarian Dewa Siwa di beberapa tempat dan adanya pengkultusan kepada Dewa Siwa.

Candrasengkala atau kronogram sudah dikenal oleh masyarakat di Jawa sejak zaman Hindu di Nusantara. Candrasengkala merupakan tetenger atau pengingat suatu peristiwa penting, seperti kelahiran, kematian, dan sebagainya. Dalam candrasengkala digunakan bentuk visual figur binatang yang diambil dari cerita pewayangan atau mitologi India. Binatang-binatang ditampilkan dengan pengolahan visual berupa gambar, relief, dan patung. Masing-masing figur binatang tersebut mengandung watak angka tahun dan makna simbolis. Hingga sekarang masih sedikit penelitian yang mengkaji candrasengkala di Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi di Cirebon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui elemen estetis dan simbolis figur binatang pada candrasengkala yang terdapat di Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi, di Cirebon, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian deskriptif terhadap aspek tangible Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi berupa figur-figur binatang yang dilandasi mitologi India. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa material batu dan batu karang diolah menjadi karakter-karakter figur gajah, burung garuda, dan ular, sehingga tampilan visualnya membentuk “candrasengkala”, sekaligus sebagai cuplikan kisah dari cerita pewayangan. Dengan demikian, dapat dipahami bahwa candrasengkala merupakan salah satu bentuk seni rupa Nusantara dan kreativitas kearifan lokal. Keberadaanya dapat menjadi sumber inspirasi dalam pengembangan karya seni rupa, desain, dan kriya Nusantara ke depan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi tentang kajian binatang-binatang mitologis dalam candrasengkala di Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi.The Javanese are familiar with “candrasengkala” or chronogram which developed in Nusantara since the Hindu era. The “candrasengkala” is a “tetenger” or a reminder of important occurrences, such as birth, death, etc. “Candrasengkala” often uses visual forms of animal figures drawn from “wayang” stories or Indian mythology. Animals are featured with visual processing into depictions of figures, reliefs, and sculptures. Each animal figure contains disposition number of years and bears symbolic meanings. Until today there is little research that focuses on “candrasengkala” in Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi in Cirebon. This study aims to determine the aesthetic and symbolic elements of animal figures in “candrasengkala” at Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi, in Cirebon, West Java. This research is a descriptive study of the tangible aspects of Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi in the form of animal figures based on Indian mythology. The study resulted that stone and coral materials are processed into figures of elephants, eagles, and snakes, thus the visual appearance forms a "candrasengkala", as well as snippets of “wayang” stories. Therefore, it is understood that “candrasengkala” is a form of Nusantara art and creativity of local wisdom. Its existence can be a source of inspiration in the future development of Nusantara fine arts, designs and crafts. This research may be used as a reference for further studies of mythological animals in “candrasengkala” at Tamansari Gua Sunyaragi.