To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Hip-hop – Influence – United states.
Journal articles on the topic 'Hip-hop – Influence – United states'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Hip-hop – Influence – United states.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Boyer, Holly. "The Alert Collector: Hip Hop in the United States." Reference & User Services Quarterly 55, no. 3 (March 24, 2016): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.55n3.215.
Full textAbstract:
Hip hop is a ubiquitous part of American society in 2015—from Kanye West announcing his future presidential bid to discussions of feminism surrounding Nikki Minaj’s anatomy, to Kendrick Lamar’s concert with the National Symphony Orchestra, to Questlove leading the Tonight Show Band, hip hop has exerted its influence on American culture in every way and form.Hip hop’s origin in the early 1970s in the South Bronx of New York City is most often attributed to DJ Kool Herc and his desire to entertain at a party. In the 1980s, hip hop continued to gain popularity and speak about social issues faced by young African Americans. This started to change in the 1990s with the mainstream success of gangsta rap, where drugs, violence, and misogyny became more prominent, although artists who focused on social issues continued to create. The 2000s saw rap and hip hop cross genre boundaries, and innovative and alternative hip hop grew in popularity.
2
Abielah, Mayza Nisrin. "THE INFLUENCE AND THE ADVANTAGE OF AMERICAN HIP HOP TO THE RISING ASIAN." Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies 7, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v7i1.62506.
Full textAbstract:
Cultural imperialism aims at how dominant culture affects other cultures to gain control of certain cultures and create the view that their dominant culture is the center for all countries in the world, which will create uniformity around the world. Therefore, this study will discuss how Asian rappers are influenced by American hip hop culture and how they benefitted from their careers’ success. The theory used in this study is cultural imperialism by John Tomlinson to see the influence of cultural imperialism in American hip hop culture to Asian rappers. The method used in this study is qualitative research by Creswell. The result shows that America’s cultural imperialism influences Asian Rappers by adopting its culture, language, and style of American hip hop. However, its influence is not harmful since the Asian rappers use this to gain more recognition from people, especially in Western, and to be accepted in representing Asian immigrants in the United States.
3
Abielah, Mayza Nisrin. "THE INFLUENCE AND THE ADVANTAGE OF AMERICAN HIP HOP TO THE RISING ASIAN RAPPERS." Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies 7, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v7i1.62563.
Full textAbstract:
Cultural imperialism aims at how dominant culture affects other cultures to gain control of certain cultures and create the view that their dominant culture is the center for all countries in the world, which will create uniformity around the world. Therefore, this study will discuss how Asian rappers are influenced by American hip hop culture and how they benefitted from their careers’ success. The theory used in this study is cultural imperialism by John Tomlinson to see the influence of cultural imperialism in American hip hop culture to Asian rappers. The method used in this study is qualitative research by Creswell. The result shows that America’s cultural imperialism influences Asian Rappers by adopting its culture, language, and style of American hip hop. However, its influence is not harmful since the Asian rappers use this to gain more recognition from people, especially in Western, and to be accepted in representing Asian immigrants in the United States.
4
Vito, Christopher. "Shop talk: The influence of hip hop on Filipino‐American barbers in San Diego." Global Hip Hop Studies 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ghhs_00002_1.
Full textAbstract:
Barber culture frequently intersects with hip hop. Barbershops often incorporate rap music, street wear apparel and popular culture into their daily environment. In tandem, an important part of hip hop culture is the haircuts and designs that people choose to get. Many Filipino-Americans across the United States utilize barber and hip hop culture to help create their own unique sense of identity ‐ a sense of identity forged in the fires of diaspora and postcolonial oppression. In this first instalment of the GHHS ‘Show and Prove’ section ‐ short essays on hip hop visual culture, arts and images ‐ I illustrate the ways in which Filipino-Americans in San Diego use barber shops both as a means of entrepreneurialism and as a conduit to create a cultural identity that incorporates hip hop with their own histories of migration and marginalization. I interview Filipino-American entrepreneur Marc Canonizado, who opened his first San Diego-based business, Goodfellas Barbershop Shave Parlor, in 2014. We explore the complex linkages between barbershops, Filipino-Americans and hip hop culture, as well as discuss his life story and plans for the future.
5
Kruse, Adam J. "‘Take a back seat’: White music teachers engaging Hip-Hop in the classroom." Research Studies in Music Education 42, no. 2 (April 28, 2020): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1321103x19899174.
Full textAbstract:
With the purpose of exploring how engaging with Hip-Hop might contribute toward decentering Whiteness in US music education, this research aims to understand the perceptions of three White music educators in the United States teaching Hip-Hop in their classrooms comprising majority students of color. The study explores participants’ past experiences with Hip-Hop, their current teaching practices, and the influence that teaching Hip-Hop has had on their role in the classroom. I also engage in critical self-reflection in order to name and disrupt my own White fragility that emerged during the process of conducting the study and writing this article. Analysis reveals that engaging with Hip-Hop does not inherently contribute to decentering Whiteness, and considerations suggest more intentional and explicit work toward these ends.
6
Tettey, Naa-Solo, Khizar Siddiqui, Hasmin Llamoca, Steven Nagamine, and Soomin Ahn. "Purple Drank, Sizurp, and Lean: Hip-Hop Music and Codeine Use, A Call to Action for Public Health Educators." International Journal of Psychological Studies 12, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v12n1p42.
Full textAbstract:
The opioid epidemic continues to create various public health challenges in the United States. Non-medical use of opioids is increasing at alarming rates and has been glamorized through popular media including television, movies, and music. One particular area of concern is the promotion in hip-hop music of the use of codeine mixed with promethazine, also known as “lean.” In recent years, this drug combination has proven to be lethal with many hip-hop artists dying from overdoses involving lean while others have suffered from adverse health consequences such as seizures. Because the hip-hop music audience is primarily comprised of youth who often represent vulnerable and social disadvantaged populations, it is imperative to develop interventions that counteract the negative influence of such songs. The purpose of this study is to review the lyrics of popular hip-hop songs that mention lean and determine common themes within these songs that can be used to guide future interventions. To identify these themes, the lyrics of 40 hip-hop songs were evaluated by four independent coders. 8 themes emerged and the frequency in which these themes appeared in the song lyrics was calculated. These themes are the use of lean with another drug (37.5%), the general mention of lean without a connection to a behavior, activity, emotion, or another substance (27.5%), the use of lean during sexual activity (15%), the use of lean with soda (12.5%), the use of lean to help with sleep (5%), the use of lean as an alternative to alcohol (5%), the use of lean while driving (5%), and the use of lean for mental distress (5%). These results demonstrate that there are various aspects of lean use that require further investigation. Furthermore, these results serve as a call to action for public health practitioners to create culturally tailored interventions to address this issue.
7
Rutto, Laban K., Yixiang Xu, Shuxin Ren, Holly Scoggins, and Jeanine Davis. "Results from Hop Cultivar Trials in Mid-Atlantic United States." HortTechnology 31, no. 4 (August 2021): 542–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04727-20.
Full textAbstract:
‘Hop’ (Humulus lupulus) cultivar trials were conducted at sites in three Virginia counties (Northampton, Chesterfield, and Madison) in response to demand by the craft beer industry for local ingredients. In 2016, a replicated study involving five cultivars (Cascade, Chinook, Newport, Nugget, and Zeus) was established on an 18-ft-tall trellis system at each site. Weather data influencing infectivity of downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora humuli) and powdery mildew (Podosphaera macularis), two economically important hop diseases, was collected, and to the extent possible, similar cultural practices were applied at each site. Climatic conditions favorable to P. humuli and P. macularis were present throughout the experimental period, and P. humuli infection was widespread at all sites starting from 2017. Among common pests, Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) was the only one observed to cause significant damage. Unseasonably high rainfall in 2018 led to crop failure at all but the Northampton site, and harvesting was done at all sites only in 2017 and 2019. Yields (kilograms per hectare by weight) in 2017 were found to be ≥45% lower than second-year estimates for yards in the north and northwestern United States. Quality attributes (α and β acids; essential oil) for cones harvested from the Chesterfield site were comparable to published ranges for ‘Cascade’ in 2019, but lower for the other cultivars. More work is needed to identify or develop cultivars better suited to conditions in the southeastern United States. The influence of terroir on quality of commercial cultivars produced in the region should also be examined.
8
Pégram, Scooter. "Rhymin’ to (Re)Discover One’s Africanité." Ethnic Studies Review 44, no. 1 (2021): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2021.44.1.75.
Full textAbstract:
This paper analyzes the presence and influence of Africa in French hip-hop music over time, giving particular emphasis to recent years where the continent has motivated deeper connections and more meaningful manifestations of one’s heritage culture in songs and video presentations by popular artists. Contemporary rappers in France have been linguistically and stylistically shifting their sounds away from trends present in the United States as they increasingly focus their attention toward the African continent as a way to celebrate the duality of their bicultural identity. This international and transnational musical alteration of their sound toward Africa provides them and their fans much needed comfort against the marginalization that they face at home in France. Thus, these contemporary thematic types of transnational musical shout-outs to the African continent provide rappers and their consumers hailing from ethnocultural communities a means in which to confront the racism and exclusion they face in a country where youths of color are frequently viewed with suspicion and where issues relating their unique diverse social constructs are routinely ignored or dismissed by the French State.
9
Kwon, Lois, Daniela Medina, Fady Ghattas, and Lilia Reyes. "Trends in Positive, Negative, and Neutral Themes of Popular Music From 1998 to 2018: Observational Study." JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting 4, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): e26475. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26475.
Full textAbstract:
Background Across the United States, the incidence of adolescent depression and suicide cases has risen in the past 10 years. Despite the risk factors and causes being multifactorial, the influence of popular culture on society and adolescents in this media-driven generation cannot be mitigated. Although the impact of social media and its effect on shaping self-identity in adolescents have been observed, the impact of music and its potential for subliminal negative messages to adolescents remains unclear. Objective This study analyzes the lyrics and music videos of the most popular music of multiple genres to quantify the frequencies of varying music theme trends. Methods The frequencies of themes of 1052 total American and Latin songs were collected from the Nielsen Music and Billboard’s top 100 chart performance from 1998 to 2018 for hip hop/rhythm and blues (R&B), pop, Latin, country, and rock/metal genres. Themes from songs were identified, quantified, and categorized with a rubric into negative, neutral, and positive themes by 3 different reviewers. Analysis was performed using 2-tailed t tests and a generalized linear model. Results Popular songs were reviewed for positive, negative, and neutral themes in the following 3-year intervals for ease of analysis purposes: 1998 to 2000 (n=148), 2001 to 2003 (n=150), 2004 to 2006 (n=148), 2007 to 2009 (n=156), 2010 to 2012 (n= 150), 2013 to 2015 (n=150), and 2016 to 2018 (n=150). There was a significant 180% increase in the percentage of songs with negative themes between all the interval years and across all genres (P<.001), while there was no significant difference in the frequency of songs with positive (P=.54) or neutral (P=.26) themes by year. There were significant differences in the number of negative themes found across genres (P<.001), with hip hop/R&B having the highest frequency of 130 out of 208 (62.5%) of the negative themes when compared to each of the individual genres (P<.001). Conclusions This study shows there is an increase in the frequency of negative themes over the span of 20 years across all genres, with hip hop/R&B having the highest frequency among the genres. These findings point to the potential impact that music may have in popular culture and on society. Furthermore, these results can help shape discussions between caregivers and their adolescent dependents and between primary care providers and their adolescent patients.
10
CODDINGTON, AMY. "A “Fresh New Music Mix” for the 1980s: Broadcasting Multiculturalism on Crossover Radio." Journal of the Society for American Music 15, no. 1 (February 2021): 30–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752196320000462.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis article examines the racial politics of radio programming in the United States by focusing on the development of a new radio format in the late 1980s. This new format, which the radio industry referred to as Crossover, attracted a coalition audience of Black, white, and Latinx listeners by playing up-tempo dance, R&B, and pop music. In so doing, this format challenged the segregated structure of the radio industry, acknowledging the presence and tastes of Latinx audiences and commodifying young multicultural audiences. The success of this format influenced programming on Top 40 radio stations, bringing the sounds of multicultural publics into the US popular music mainstream. Among these sounds was hip hop, which Crossover programmers embraced for its ability to appeal across diverse audiences; these stations helped facilitate the growth of this burgeoning genre. But like many forms of liberal multiculturalism in the 1980s and 1990s, the racial politics of these stations were complex, as they decentered individual minority groups’ interests in the name of colorblindness and inclusion.
11
Gough, Tyler, Chris Hugenholtz, and Thomas Barchyn. "Eolian megaripple stripes." Geology 48, no. 11 (July 13, 2020): 1067–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g47460.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract We present observations, measurements, and modeling of an enigmatic eolian bedform pattern of cross-wind alternating, wind-parallel corridors of megaripples and smaller bedforms (“megaripple stripes”). Megaripple corridors have taller bedforms, longer wavelengths, and coarser surface sediment than intervening smaller bedform corridors. We document examples from Earth (Argentina, Namibia, United States, Iran, Peru, and China) and Mars. Using a reduced complexity model, we show that megaripples and megaripple stripes initiate under the influence of two eolian transport length scales: long-hop saltons and short-hop reptons. The self-organizing stripe pattern manifests in a narrow range of repton concentrations and develops into more typical megaripples as the surface repton concentration increases. We show that the three-dimensional topography of simulated megaripple stripes closely resembles natural megaripple stripes at Oceano Dunes, California, USA. By tracking repton surface concentration and spatial autocorrelation during simulations, we show that the striped pattern initiates from local repton concentrations of sufficient size to serve as megaripple nuclei that seed the striped pattern. Results suggest that megaripple stripes may have a simple and robust formation mechanism.
12
Fitri, Yulia, Nunung Sri Mulyani, Eva Fitrianingsih, and Suryana Suryana. "Pengaruh Pemberian Aktifitas Fisik (Aerobic Exercise) terhadap Tekanan Darah, IMT dan RLPP pada Wanita Obesitas." AcTion: Aceh Nutrition Journal 1, no. 2 (November 16, 2016): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30867/action.v1i2.19.
Full textAbstract:
Based on data from the Indonesian health profile 2011 for the province of Aceh alone prevalence of nutritional status of the adult population (> 18 years) are overweight get into the top ten highest in Indonesia, namely by 10.9% and 13.4% were obese. Granting activity physical (gymnastics healthy heart) is one activity that can affect blood pressure in obese people. Researchers in the United States explains that physical activity at least 15 minutes a day is estimated to decrease by 14% the risk of hypertension obesity which can lead to death. Usefulness study: the development of science can be known benefits of physical activity (aerobic exercise) on blood pressure, BMI and waist-hip ratio in obese women. The study design used was quasi-experimental, with a pre-posttest observational approach, to examine the provision of physical activity (aerobic exercise) on blood pressure, BMI and waist-hip ratio in women Obesity. The results showed that research there is the effect of physical activity (aerobic exercise) for IMT (p = 0,000), and blood pressure (p = 0,000) in obese women but no effect of physical activity on the ratio of the circumference pelvic waist (waist-hip ratio) (p = 0,230). Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that there is the influence of physical activity on blood pressure, BMI, and waist-hip ratio, but physical activity does not affect the waist-hip ratio. Keywords: Blood pressure, BMI, waist-hip ratio, obesity
13
Perticarini, Loris, Stefano M. P. Rossi, and Francesco Benazzo. "Unstable total hip replacement: why? Clinical and radiological aspects." HIP International 30, no. 2_suppl (December 2020): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1120700020971725.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Dislocation after total hip arthroplasty (THA) is the most common cause of revision hip surgery in the United States, ahead of aseptic loosening and infection, and is responsible for considerable economic cost related to frequent readmission and/or revision surgery. The aim of this article is to identify the clinical and radiological factors related to the unstable total hip replacement. Methods: We performed a literature search to assess current strategies to define clinical and radiological characteristics of dislocation after primary THA using the PubMed platform. The characteristics related to THA instability were divided into patient related factors, implant related factors and surgeon experience. Results: Patient-related factors for instability identified are: age; inflammatory joint disease; prior hip surgery; preoperative diagnosis; comorbidity; ASA score; presence of spino-pelvic abnormality; and neurological disability. Gender, simultaneous bilateral THA and restrictive postoperative precautions do not influence rate of THA dislocation. Implant related factors identified are: surgical approach; component malposition; femoral head size; and the use of dual-mobility or constrained solution. Surgeon experience also reduces the rate of dislocation. Discussion: Dislocation is a major complication of THAs, and causes include patient-derived factors, surgical factors, or both. It is imperative to determine the cause of the instability via a complete patient and radiographic evaluation and to adjust the reconstruction strategy accordingly.
14
Thorpe, Donna L., W. Lawrence Beeson, Raymond Knutsen, Gary E. Fraser, and Synnove F. Knutsen. "Dietary patterns and hip fracture in the Adventist Health Study 2: combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation mitigate increased hip fracture risk among vegans." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 114, no. 2 (May 8, 2021): 488–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab095.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Background Concerns regarding the adequacy of vegetarian diets with respect to fracture risk continue. Objectives We aimed to explore the influence of 5 previously defined dietary patterns on hip fracture risk and whether this association is modified by concomitant calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Methods The Adventist Health Study 2 is a prospective cohort study in which participants were enrolled during 2002–2007; proportional hazards regression analyses were used to estimate fracture risk. Participants reside throughout the United States and Canada. A total of 34,542 non-Hispanic white peri- and postmenopausal women and men 45 y and older responded to the biennial hospital history form and were followed for a median of 8.4 y. Results The study identified 679 incident hip fractures during 249,186 person-years of follow-up. Fracture risk varied according to dietary pattern, with a clear effect modification by concurrent supplementation with both vitamin D and calcium. In multivariable models, including adjustment for calcium and vitamin D supplementation, female vegans had 55% higher risk of hip fracture (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.06, 2.26) than nonvegetarians (NVEGs), whereas there was no association between diet pattern and hip fracture risk in men. When further stratifying females on supplement use with both vitamin D and calcium, vegans taking both supplements were at no greater risk of hip fracture than the subjects with other dietary patterns including the NVEGs. Conclusions Without combined supplementation of both vitamin D and calcium, female vegans are at high risk of hip fracture. However, with supplementation the excessive risk associated with vegans disappeared. Further research is needed to confirm the adequacy of a vegan diet supplemented with calcium and vitamin D with respect to risk of fracture.
15
Swindell, Hasani, Sophie Mayeux, Manish Noticewala, Christopher Ahmad, T. Lynch, and David Trofa. "The Fifty Most Cited Articles on Extra-articular Hip Pathology." Journal of Hip Surgery 01, no. 03 (September 2017): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608894.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe number of times an article has been cited is thought to correspond with its level of academic influence. Within the orthopaedic literature, several citation analyses have been performed, including a recent investigation on the most commonly cited articles on femoroacetabular impingement (FAI); however, no study has determined the most cited investigations on extracapsular hip pathologies, including osteitis pubis, athletic pubalgia, and muscle strains. Such pathologies constitute a significant proportion of lower extremity injuries among athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine the 50 most cited investigations on extra-articular hip injuries by performing a systematic query of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science (Thomson Reuters, Philadelphia, PA). The following characteristics were determined for each article: number of citations, citation density, journal and publication year, country of origin, language, article type, article subtype, and level of evidence. The number of citations ranged from 46 to 202 (mean 84.4), and the citation densities ranged from 1.7 to 28.4 citations per year (mean: 7.9). Sixty-eight percent of the selected articles involved hamstring strains. The majority of articles were published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine (58%), followed by the Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy (12%). Most articles were published during the 2000s, originated from the United States, and 100% were written in English. Eighty percent were clinical studies; the majority of which had Level IV evidence. This collection of academic investigations on athletic extra-articular hip injuries can aid in the establishment of a reading curriculum for trainees participating in orthopaedic training programs.
16
Kacpura, Jakub, Jakub Dziura, and Jolanta G. Zuzda. "Impact of Hip Conditioning Program with Rotational Movements on the lumbar pain occurrence and foot load parameters." International Journal of Sport, Exercise and Health Research 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/sportmed.4206.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: The purpose of this study was the analysis of foot load parameters and pain ion lumbar region after Hip Conditioning Program with Rotational Movements (HCP) and its influence on these parameters. Methods: The study included twenty-three middle-aged volunteers from Bialystok University of Technology (age: 49,43±11,88 years). During the first visit all participants were measured for each of the following components: height, weight and body mass index and all the participants completed written informed content the PAR-Q+ to identify potentially dangerous health conditions before the HCP. The assessment of foot load parameters and pain levels was conducted with Footwork Pro capacitive pressure measurement plate (Amcube, United Kingdom) and Standardised Nordic questionnaire about the occurrence of pain in lower back area before and after the HCP training regime. The collected data were processed with the Statistica 12 program (StatSoft Inc., United States). Footload parameters were examined with t-test for dependent samples and pain occurrence with Cochran Q test. Results: The results shows that HCP was effective and caused reduction in pain occurrence by 21,74% in lumbar spine region and better alignment of the foot load parameters in midfoot, lateral and overall foot region. Conclusion: It stands in line with other studies that HCP is effective and efficient way to help people who fights chronic low back pain. Increase in the pressure on the midfoot and lateral side of foot potentially reduce valgus of the ankle joint and lessen pressure on the longitudinal arch of the foot.
17
Gent, David H., Walter F. Mahaffee, William W. Turechek, Cynthia M. Ocamb, Megan C. Twomey, Joanna L. Woods, and Claudia Probst. "Risk Factors for Bud Perennation of Podosphaera macularis on Hop." Phytopathology® 109, no. 1 (January 2019): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-04-18-0127-r.
Full textAbstract:
The hop powdery mildew fungus Podosphaera macularis persists from season to season in the Pacific Northwestern United States through infection of crown buds because only one of the mating types needed to produce the ascigerous stage is presently found in this region. Bud infection and successful overwintering of the fungus leads to the emergence of heavily infected shoots in early spring (termed flag shoots). Historical data of flag shoot occurrence and incidence in Oregon and Washington State during 2000 to 2017 were analyzed to identify their association with the incidence of powdery mildew, growers’ use of fungicides, autumn and winter temperature, and other production factors. During this period, flag shoots were found on 0.05% of plants evaluated in Oregon and 0.57% in Washington. In Oregon, the incidence of powdery mildew on leaves was most severe and the number of fungicide applications made by growers greatest in yards where flag shoots were found in spring. Similarly, the incidence of plants with powdery mildew in Washington was significantly associated with the number of flag shoots present in early spring, although the number of fungicide applications made was independent of flag shoot occurrence. The occurrence of flag shoots was associated with prior occurrence of flag shoots in a yard, the incidence of foliar powdery mildew in the previous year, grower pruning method, and, in Washington, winter temperature. A census of hop yards in the eastern extent of the Oregon production region during 2014 to 2017 found flag shoots in 27 of 489 yards evaluated. In yards without flag shoots, 338 yards (73.2%) were chemically pruning or not pruned, whereas the remaining 124 (26.8%) were mechanically pruned. Of the 27 yards with flag shoots, 22 were either chemically pruned or not pruned and 4 were mechanically pruned in mid-April, well after the initial emergence of flag shoots. The prevalence of yards with flag shoots also was related to thoroughness of pruning in spring (8.1% of yards with incomplete pruning versus 1.9% of yards with thorough pruning). A Bayesian logistic regression model was fit to the data from the intensively assessed yards in Oregon, with binary risk factors for occurrence of a flag shoot in the previous year, occurrence of foliar mildew in the previous year, and thoroughness of pruning in spring. The model indicated that the median and 95% highest posterior density interval of the probability of flag shoot occurrence was 0.0008 (0.0000 to 0.0053) when a yard had no risk factors but risk increased to 0.0065 (0.0000 to 0.0283) to 0.43 (0.175 to 0.709) when one to all three of the risk factors were present. The entirety of this research indicates that P. macularis appears to persist in a subset of chronically affected hop yards, particularly yards where spring pruning is conducted poorly. Targeted management of the disease in a subset of fields most at risk for producing flag shoots could potentially influence powdery mildew development regionwide.
18
Damodar, Dhanur, Ajit Vakharia, Erik Zachwieja, Rushabh Vakharia, Victor Hernandez, and Martin W. Roche. "Hypothyroidism Increases 90-Day Complications and Cost Following Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty." Journal of Hip Surgery 03, no. 02 (March 1, 2019): 062–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678748.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractHypothyroidism is common, and the incidence has been increasing annually in the United States. Abnormalities in thyroid hormone can have several effects on the endocrine, immune, and musculoskeletal systems of the body. The influence of hypothyroidism on outcomes following primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) is not well reported. The authors hypothesized that hypothyroidism was associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications and 90-day costs following primary THA. A retrospective review from 2005 to 2014 was performed using the Medicare Standard Analytical Files from the Pearl Diver database. Utilizing International Classification of Disease 9th revision (ICD-9) codes, the authors identified patients who underwent THA. Patients with a concurrent diagnosis of hypothyroidism were matched by age, gender, and Charlson's comorbidity index (CCI) to a control group. Ninety-day postoperative complications, readmission rates, complications related to implants, and cost of care were compared and assessed following primary THA between matched cohorts. Statistical analysis was performed using the programming language R (University of Auckland) to calculate odds ratios (OR) along with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and p-values. A total of 383,898 patients underwent primary THA. Among them, 191,949 patients were diagnosed with hypothyroidism and 191,949 patients without hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was associated with greater odds of postoperative complications (p < 0.001), 90-day readmission rates (p < 0.001), implant related complications (p < 0.001), and total global 90-day episode of care cost (U.S. $17,549.96 vs. $16,645.01; p < 0.001). This study demonstrated an increased risk of postoperative complications (medical or implant related), increased readmission rates, and higher costs among patients with hypothyroidism following primary THA. Surgeons should counsel patients and determine strategies to medically optimize patients to mitigate risk and decrease cost.
19
Kivlan, Benjamin, Shane Nho, Andrew Wolff, John Salvo, John Christoforetti, Thomas Ellis, Dominic Carreira, and Dean Matsuda. "Across the Spectrum from Borderline Dysplasia to Global Pincer Femoroacetabular Impingement: Arthroscopic Outcomes from a Large Hip Arthroscopy Study Group." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 7_suppl6 (July 1, 2020): 2325967120S0034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00349.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives: Outcomes from hip arthroscopy for dysplasia and global pincer FAI have fallen short of those for patients with normal acetabular coverage, but no study has investigated arthroscopic outcomes across the spectrum of acetabular coverage. Our objective is to report comparative hip arthroscopic outcomes of patients with low (borderline dysplasia), normal, and high (global pincer FAI) lateral acetabular coverage. Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively-collected data from a large multi-center registry (seven United States centers) was performed. Primary hip arthroscopy patients were assigned to one of three groups based on preoperative lateral center-edge angle (LCEA): borderline dysplasia (≤25°), normal (26-38°), and pincer FAI (≥39°). Repeated measures ANOVA compared pre-operative to 2-year minimum post-operative iHOT-12 scores. Subsequent ANOVA determined the effect of acetabular coverage on magnitude of change in scores. Results: Of 437 patients, the only statistical difference between groups was lower prevalence of acetabuloplasty in the borderline dysplasia group (p=0.001). A significant improvement in the pre-operative to post-operative iHOT-12 scores for patients with normal acetabular coverage, acetabular undercoverage, and acetabular overcoverage was observed; F(1, 339)=311.06; p<0.001, with no statistical differences in pre-operative (p=0.505) and post-operative (p<0.488) iHOT-12 scores when comparing the groups based on acetabular coverage. Mean iHOT-12 scores increased from 37.3 pre-operatively to 68.7 postoperatively, p<0.001, in the borderline dysplasia group, from 34.4 to 72, p<0.001, in the normal coverage group, and from 35.3 to 69.4, p<0.001, in the pincer group. These pre-operative scores increased by 31.4, 37.8, and 34.1, respectively, with no effect for acetabular coverage on the magnitude of change from pre-operative to post-operative iHOT-12 scores, F(2,339) =1.18; p=0.310. 10 subjects (2.3%) underwent conversion arthroplasty and 19 patients (4.4%) underwent revision arthroscopy with no significant effect of acetabular coverage on the incidence of revision or conversion surgery, X2 (6,433)=11.535, P = 0.073. Conclusion: Lateral acetabular coverage did not influence outcomes from primary hip arthroscopy performed in patients with low (borderline dysplasia), normal, and high (global pincer FAI) LCEA. Borderline dysplasia and moderate global pincer FAI with no or minimal osteoarthritis do not compromise successful 2-year minimum outcomes or survivorship following primary hip arthroscopy when performed by experienced surgeons.
20
Corbett, Rosemary R. "Muslim Cool: Race, Religion, and Hip-Hop in the United States." Material Religion 13, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 531–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17432200.2017.1377459.
Full text
21
Sautman, Francesca Canade. "Hip-Hop/Scotch: "Sounding Francophone" in French and United States Cultures." Yale French Studies, no. 100 (2001): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090584.
Full text
22
Singleton, Brent D. "Book Review: Hip Hop around the World: An Encyclopedia." Reference & User Services Quarterly 59, no. 2 (March 4, 2020): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.59.2.7293.
Full textAbstract:
This encyclopedia consists of over 450 A–Z entries focusing on “Artists,” “Concepts,” “Countries,” and “Styles,” as well as finer aspects of cultures within the international hip hop scene. The work is not entirely unique in all of its content. For instance, Rigg’s St. James Encyclopedia of Hip Hop Culture (St. James, 2018) focuses on the United States and makes a cursory foray into the international hip hop sphere. However, the work under review appears to be the only encyclopedia dedicated to highlighting interrelations and unique threads within hip hop globally, albeit with copious US coverage.
23
Prévos, André J. M. "Hip‐hop, rap, and repression in France and in the United States." Popular Music and Society 22, no. 2 (June 1998): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03007769808591706.
Full text
24
Kruse, Adam J. "“He didn’t know what he was doin’”: Student perspectives of a White teacher’s Hip-Hop class." International Journal of Music Education 38, no. 4 (May 25, 2020): 495–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0255761420924316.
Full textAbstract:
In this article, I share findings from a research study about a high school Hip-Hop course in the United States and offer considerations toward informing culturally responsive teaching and decentering Whiteness in music education. I explored the experiences and perceptions of majority students of color in a Hip-Hop course taught by a White music educator who was largely inexperienced with Hip-Hop. I was curious to understand how the students saw their teacher, what they experienced as strengths and weaknesses of the course, and what they felt they took away from the experience. I designed the qualitative study employing elements of Hip-Hop musical practices (sampling and remixing), analyzed data informed by Hip-Hop vocal techniques (doubling and ad-libbing), and structured findings based on Hip-Hop aesthetic principles (flow and rupture). Overall, students appreciated the teacher’s acknowledgment of his lack of Hip-Hop experience and his ability to prioritize their perspectives and voices. They reported gaining valuable musical experiences in the course as well as developing cross-cultural competence to better understand their fellow students.
25
Morgan, Marcyliena, and Dionne Bennett. "Hip-Hop & the Global Imprint of a Black Cultural Form." Daedalus 140, no. 2 (April 2011): 176–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00086.
Full textAbstract:
Hip-hop, created by black and Latino youth in the mid-1970s on the East Coast of the United States, is now represented throughout the world. The form's core elements – rapping, deejaying, breaking (dance), and graffiti art – now join an ever-growing and diversifying range of artistic, cultural, intellectual, political, and social practices, products, and performances. The artistic achievements of hip-hop represent a remarkable contribution to world culture; however, the “hip-hop nation” has created not just art and entertainment, but art with the vision and message of changing the world – locally, nationally, and globally. International representations of hip-hop capture and reinterpret hip-hop's history by incorporating local as well as African American aesthetic, cultural, social, and political models. This essay examines the global movement of the hip-hop nation and its artistic incorporation into global youth culture. It considers how that movement is both a social and political process that integrates symbols of African American culture and political struggle.
26
Boutros, Alexandra. "The impossibility of being Drake: Or, what it means to be a successful (Black) Canadian rapper." Global Hip Hop Studies 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ghhs_00006_1.
Full textAbstract:
This article takes Canadian hip hop artist Drake, his celebrity and his body of work as a point of departure for an examination of discursive constructions of race, hip hop and Canada in intersection. Canada’s role in the global hip hop movement has always been contested; circumscribed from abroad by its proximity to the United States and at home by its ideological positioning of Black citizens and Black cultural production vis-à-vis the imagined nation. Framed by broader questions of the role of hip hop in the Canadian public sphere, this discursive analysis analyses the work and utterances of Drake as well as discourses produced about Drake through music criticism and by other hip hop artists. Drake’s public performance of Blackness via hip hop is framed by overlapping and competing ideologies. Drake ‐ whose public persona seems to embody a number of seemingly competing identities ‐ is ‘impossible’ in so far as he is the product of intersecting, circulating conceptualizations of Blackness that render only some performances of Blackness both commercially viable and authentically hip hop, while others remain impossible, unacceptable, unutterable or unimaginable both inside and outside the nation state.
27
Sung Yun-Joo and Kim Hong Jung. "Hip-hop Field, Hip-hop Authenticity, and Symbolic Struggle - A Case Study on Control War in South Korea and the United States." Korean Journal of Cultural Sociology 18, no. ll (May 2015): 169–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.17328/kjcs.2015.18..006.
Full text
28
Pinto, Rogério M., Susan S. Witte, Prema L. Filippone, C. Jean Choi, and Melanie Wall. "Policy Interventions Shaping HIV Prevention: Providers’ Active Role in the HIV Continuum of Care." Health Education & Behavior 45, no. 5 (March 16, 2018): 714–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198118760681.
Full textAbstract:
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Diffusion of Effective Behavioral Interventions project has disseminated HIV behavioral interventions (EBIs) across the United States since the 1990s. In 2011, the CDC launched the High-Impact HIV Prevention (HIP) project, providing EBIs plus high-impact services (HIV testing, primary care, and support services). Providers (nurses, social workers, educators) are unable to consistently make linkages; thus, numerous at-risk individuals are not benefitting from HIP. Research on providers’ roles in the HIV Continuum of Care—linking clients to HIV testing, primary care, and support services—is lacking. This article helps fill this gap with evidence that providers exposed to EBIs, whose agencies offer EBIs, more frequently link clients to high-impact services. This is based on diffusion of innovations theory, where individuals in social networks influence one another’s adoption of innovations. We hypothesize that providers are exposed to EBIs via training, reading and hearing about EBIs, and/or discussing EBIs with colleagues. We used cross-sectional data from 379 providers from 36 agencies in New York City. We used multilevel ordinal logistic regression models to test associations between provider exposure to EBIs (agency provides EBIs) and frequency of linkages to high-impact services. Providers exposed to greater numbers of EBIs more frequently link clients to HIV, hepatitis C (HEP-C), and sexually transmitted infections testing; to primary care; and to drug treatment and mental health services. Providers link clients most frequently to primary care and HIV testing and least frequently to HEP-C testing and syringe exchange. Findings suggest a dose effect, with exposure to more EBIs resulting in more linkages. Findings show a staged, evidence-based prevention approach that includes exposure to EBIs, leading to providers linking clients to high-impact services. There needs to be emphasis on inspiring providers to engage with high-impact services at the elevated levels needed to end the epidemic.
29
Northcutt, Kellen Jamil, Kayla Henderson, and Kaylee Chicoski. "Jay-Z and O.J.: Sport and the Performance of Race in Hip-Hop Music." Sociology of Sport Journal 37, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 192–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2020-0053.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to understand the symbolic messaging in hip-hop music as it relates to the lived experiences and realities of Black Americans in the United States. The study examined the song and music video titled “The Story of O.J.,” by hip-hop artist Jay-Z to gain a better understanding of how Jay-Z interpreted the impact of Black Americans’ lived experiences in the United States on their identity and ability to progress economically and socially, regardless of social standing, within subcultures such as sport. Employing a content analysis method, data were collected and analyzed using critical race theory. The results of the analysis of lyrical and video data identified three major themes: (a) battle with Blackness, (b) economic enslavement and financial freedom, and (c) systematic subjugation.
30
Gras, Delphine. "“I'll Rise”: Rememory, Hope and the Creation of a New Public Sphere In Ben Harper's Music." Ethnic Studies Review 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2008.31.1.19.
Full textAbstract:
Recent studies about resistance music in the United States primarily focus on the hip-hop movement. However, it does not offer the only musical discourse contesting contemporary injustices. Even though the debate about hip-hop is a crucial one that deserves full attention, it seems necessary to widen the current conversation on music to take into account a wider array of musical genres and artists. This will in turn allow us to see the revolutionary power of music in its full force. In the United States, black music, from the Spirituals to Rhythm and Blues, has undeniably been a potent agent for social change. Because they enable strangers to identify with each other through a common discourse, songs from many different genres have fostered what Benedict Anderson calls “imagined communities.”
31
Setyawati, Naris Eka. "HIP HOP AS A REFLECTION OF AMERICAN VALUES: A SEMIOTICS ANALYSIS ON SAVE THE LAST DANCE AND STEP UP MOVIES." Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies 3, no. 2 (July 18, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v3i2.34268.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines seven movies that are based on characters created by Duane Adler. They are two Save the Last Dance and five Step Up movies. This discussion is a library research which is conducted within the framework of American Studies approach under the scope of history, social, and culture. This research uses Barthes’ semiotics theory on myth to analyze the depiction of American phenomena in the movies.The objectives of this study are to examine the portrayal of Hip Hop in United States of America and to analyze the reflection of American values through movies. The discussions on the topic reveal that Hip Hop becomes the source for movies’ narratives. It is manifested in hip hop related scenes of the movies. They portray signs of rebellion and juvenile delinquency in the first order-semiological system. These portrayals reflect American values of rebellion and freedom. Moreover, life struggle and American belief in the land of opportunity play the signs in Barthes’ second order-semiological system. The American values reflected through the discussions are competitiveness, hard work, determined, optimism, and materialism.Keywords: Hip Hop, hip hop, popular culture, semiotics, American values
32
Glušac, Luka. "Cultural Diplomacy in Action: The United States’ Export of Hip Hop to the Muslim World." Serbian Political Thought 13, no. 1 (2016): 75–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/spt.1312016.5.
Full text
33
Husain, Atiya. "Muslim Cool: Race, Religion, and Hip Hop in the United States, by SU’AD ABDUL KHABEER." Sociology of Religion 78, no. 3 (2017): 364–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socrel/srx035.
Full text
34
Blackburn, Hayley. "Muslim Cool: Race, Religion, and Hip Hop in the United States, by Su’ad Abdul Khabeer." Black Scholar 49, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00064246.2019.1548061.
Full text
35
Shabazz, Rashad. "“We gon be alright:” containment, creativity, and the birth of hip-hop." cultural geographies 28, no. 3 (March 22, 2021): 447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14744740211003653.
Full textAbstract:
In the United States, Black cultural production is bound up with geographic containment, restrictions on mobility, and racial segregation. Jazz, hip-hop, house music, and the Minneapolis Sound (the music associated with late recording artist, Prince) were mid-wifed by some of the most repressive systems of geographic order. Indeed, containment and creativity, geographies of trouble and hope are hallmarks of Black cultural production. This dialectic calls into question the belief that art can only be created in conducive or untroubled spaces. Hip-hop provides a perfect case study to challenge this assumption. Born in the Bronx, NY in the early 1970’s, hip-hop was a cultural movement that emerged in against the backdrop of racial and economic segregation, mass incarceration, and joblessness. Yet, hop-hop “danced its way of these constrictions” and created geographies of hope. In doing this, hip-hop shows that Black cultural production and the radical imagination from which it springs, have the capacity to create counter-spatial imaginaries that challenge those under which it was produced. To that end, this article addresses the relationship between creativity and containment. Through linking the rise of carceral power, racially restrictive housing practices, a deindustrializing economy, and expanding prison populations with the hip-hop, I demonstrate the dialectic between systematic spatial containment of poor and working-class Black and Latinx Americans and the role it played in creation of the world’s most powerful cultural force.
36
Loukson, Ives S. "Hip-Hop and Trivialisation of Martin Luther King Jr. in Didier Awadi’s “Dans mon rêve”." Świat i Słowo 36, no. 1 (March 4, 2021): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.7970.
Full textAbstract:
As far as hip-hop is concerned, it is a truism that, Didier Awadi counts as one of its influential leading figures. The famous musician from Senegal takes advantage of hip-hop as medium and participates in disseminating its values in the world. Awadi’s creativity aims at conscientising Black people whose misery, according to him, is due to an internalised negativity about themselves. The artist pursues this objective in “Dans mon rêve” by staging MLK as a historic benchmark and source of inspiration to Africans. My paper attempts to highlight why the use of hip-hop as medium of pop culture does not effectively serve that creditable objective by Awadi. I also review the provocative trope of African pop-artist as a modern griot, raised a decade ago by the United States-based scholars. Theoretically, Stuart Hall’s conception of culture and Guy Debord’s theoretical complexity in his attempt to dismantle the monopoly of the spectacle inform the study.
37
McKay, Fiona H., Preethi John, Alice Sims, Gaganjot Kaur, and Jyotsna Kaushal. "Documenting the Food Insecurity Experiences and Nutritional Status of Women in India: Study Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113769.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Despite significant growth and change in India over the past two decades, some public health indicators have failed to keep pace. One such indicator is food insecurity. India is home to the largest number of people experiencing hunger and food insecurity. Food security is described as “a situation that exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life”. While there has been considerable research investigating the role of crop yields, policy interventions, and food production in alleviating food insecurity in India, there is insufficient research investigating the social and cultural influences of food insecurity, including the role of women. The primary aim of this research is to investigate the experience of food insecurity among women in India. The objectives of this research are (1) to determine the role of women in food production and its contribution to household food security; (2) to examine the gender roles within households and the decision-making processes that influence food security, and (3) to investigate household nutritional status and food insecurity experience. Methods: Participants will include women who live in a village in Punjab, India. Interviews with 100 households, drawn from a convenience sample will be conducted. Interviews will be conducted in Punjabi with simultaneous English translation, and will include: food related experiences, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist, and hip) and dietary assessment (24-h diet recall, two non-consecutive days), dwelling facilities, agriculture related information, including household agriculture activities undertaken, food security status (via the United States Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Scale Measurement), and demographic information. Discussion: This study aims to investigate a range of determinants of food insecurity among a rural population. It will allow for the identification of some of the components of household food insecurity among women in India and will go part of the way to understanding how and why India continues to experience food and nutritional insecurity despite growth and progress in a range of other indicators.
38
Alexopoulos, Cassandra, and Laramie D. Taylor. "Easy listening? An analysis of infidelity in top pop, hip-hop, and country song lyrics over 25 years." Psychology of Music 48, no. 6 (March 11, 2019): 795–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0305735618824982.
Full textAbstract:
Although it has been established that sexual content is common in popular music, the extent to which this content references cheating behaviors is unclear. Given the prevalence of infidelity among Americans, it is important to examine how infidelity is portrayed in media targeted to young adult listeners. To explore these portrayals, we conducted a content analysis of the 1,500 most popular pop, hip-hop, and country songs in the United States over a 25-year period examining the frequency and nature of infidelity in music. Findings revealed that infidelity was discussed in approximately 15% of popular music, and was most frequently discussed in hip-hop songs. Both negative and positive consequences to infidelity were depicted, and were most often accompanied by a nonchalant emotional tone. Gender portrayals of song characters were consistent with previous research. Implications for young listeners in the context of social relationships are discussed.
39
KEHRER, LAURON. "A Love Song for All of Us?: Macklemore's “Same Love” and the Myth of Black Homophobia." Journal of the Society for American Music 12, no. 4 (November 2018): 425–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752196318000354.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAccording to theNew York Times, white rapper Macklemore and his DJ partner Ryan Lewis's “Same Love” was “the first song to explicitly embrace and promote gay marriage that has made it into the Top 40.”1In 2013, as the Supreme Court of the United States prepared to rule on challenges to the Federal Defense of Marriage Act and California's Proposition 8, which banned same-sex marriage, the track quickly climbed the charts and became a nationally recognized anthem for marriage equality. Despite this generally positive reception, however, the song does not reflect all queer-identified listeners. Macklemore raps, “If I were gay, I would think hip hop hates me,” an assertion that positions black communities as a significant threat to (white) LGBTQ rights. Much like the backlash against black voters following the 2008 passing of Proposition 8, this claim relies on an invented black pathology that locates homophobia in black American culture specifically rather than American culture at large. This article offers a close reading and contextualization of “Same Love” and demonstrates that, rather than combating homophobia in hip hop, Macklemore's lyrical claims actually bolster his strategic performance as a socially and politically aware white rapper, while erasing queer and trans hip hop artists of color from the discourse.
40
Gilbers, Steven, Nienke Hoeksema, Kees de Bot, and Wander Lowie. "Regional Variation in West and East Coast African-American English Prosody and Rap Flows." Language and Speech 63, no. 4 (November 4, 2019): 713–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830919881479.
Full textAbstract:
Regional variation in African-American English (AAE) is especially salient to its speakers involved with hip-hop culture, as hip-hop assigns great importance to regional identity and regional accents are a key means of expressing regional identity. However, little is known about AAE regional variation regarding prosodic rhythm and melody. In hip-hop music, regional variation can also be observed, with different regions’ rap performances being characterized by distinct “flows” (i.e., rhythmic and melodic delivery), an observation which has not been quantitatively investigated yet. This study concerns regional variation in AAE speech and rap, specifically regarding the United States’ East and West Coasts. It investigates how East Coast and West Coast AAE prosody are distinct, how East Coast and West Coast rap flows differ, and whether the two domains follow a similar pattern: more rhythmic and melodic variation on the West Coast compared to the East Coast for both speech and rap. To this end, free speech and rap recordings of 16 prominent African-American members of the East Coast and West Coast hip-hop communities were phonetically analyzed regarding rhythm (e.g., syllable isochrony and musical timing) and melody (i.e., pitch fluctuation) using a combination of existing and novel methodological approaches. The results mostly confirm the hypotheses that East Coast AAE speech and rap are less rhythmically diverse and more monotone than West Coast AAE speech and rap, respectively. They also show that regional variation in AAE prosody and rap flows pattern in similar ways, suggesting a connection between rhythm and melody in language and music.
41
Setyobudi, Imam. "POLITIK IDENTITAS ANIMAL POP DANCE: SUBBUDAYA DAN GAYA HIDUP HIBRID." Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif 12, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v11i2.1286.
Full textAbstract:
Post-colonial theories bear two perspectives. First, Said argues that the ideological and concrete framework of ideology and colonial knowledge stands firmly, neatly, and perfectly without any crack that remains entrenched. Bhabha argues that the building of ideology and colonial knowledge full of cracks necessitates the creative opportunity of creating hybrid traditions and cultures that are not merely extensions of the colonial army, but also not the real bumiputera: ambiguity and ambivalence.This article, tracking the identity politics that construct a subculture with a particular lifestyle through the creation of Animal Pop Dance choreography. An Indonesian hip hop which is a hybridization process of hip hop grown in the United States by Africa-America is mixed with three local Indonesian dance (Javanese, Sundanese, Papuan) traditions of animal behavior. The results show Animal Pop Dance is a hybrid tradition and culture that aspires to escape from the grip of dichotomous thinking patterns in post-colonial contexts.
42
MCNALLY, JAMES. "Azealia Banks's “212”: Black Female Identity and the White Gaze in Contemporary Hip-Hop." Journal of the Society for American Music 10, no. 1 (February 2016): 54–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752196315000541.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAzealia Banks's 2011 hit single “212” established her as one of hip-hop's rising stars, with critics highlighting the song's provocative lyrics and Banks's ability as an MC as standout qualities. Banks would later receive attention for her public dispute with white rapper Iggy Azalea, whom she accused of exploiting black musical culture. This article integrates an analysis of “212” with a discussion of Banks's recent public rhetoric in order to examine the ways in which Banks rearticulates the figure of the black female rapper and criticizes white fascination with black female sexuality and black cultural forms. I conclude by situating this discussion within the broader context of contemporary “post-racial” politics, in which the political elements of hip-hop and the systemic racial inequalities they address have become increasingly marginalized in favor of “color-blind” conceptions of United States society and popular culture.
43
Stoever, Jennifer Lynn. "‘Doing fifty-five in a fifty-four’: Hip hop, cop voice and the cadence of white supremacy in the United States." Journal of Interdisciplinary Voice Studies 3, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jivs.3.2.115.
Full textAbstract:
This article examines how police officers in the United States use a racialized and gendered way of speaking called ‘cop voice’ to provoke fear and extreme forms of compliance from people of colour. Through autoethnographic analysis coupled with sonic attention to how Jay-Z (‘99 Problems’), Public Enemy (‘Get the Fuck Out of Dodge’) and Prince Paul (‘The Men in Blue’) represent ‘cop voice’ through shifts in their rapping flow or by using white guest rappers, ‘Doing 55 in a 54’ argues that police weaponize their voices. Identifying and listening closely to these examples of cop voice reveal how people who are raced as ‘white’ in the United States mobilize this subject position in their voices through particular cadences that audibly signify racial authority, while at the same time, never hearing themselves as doing so.
44
Setyobudi, Imam. "POLITIK IDENTITAS ANIMAL POP DANCE: Subbudaya dan Gaya Hidup Hibrid." Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif 12, no. 1 (December 7, 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jsr.v12i1.1286.
Full textAbstract:
Post-colonial theories bear two perspectives. First, Said argues that the ideological and concrete framework of ideology and colonial knowledge stands firmly, neatly, and perfectly without any crack that remains entrenched. Bhabha argues that the building of ideology and colonial knowledge full of cracks necessitates the creative opportunity of creating hybrid traditions and cultures that are not merely extensions of the colonial army, but also not the real bumiputera: ambiguity and ambivalence.This article, tracking the identity politics that construct a subculture with a particular lifestyle through the creation of Animal Pop Dance choreography. An Indonesian hip hop which is a hybridization process of hip hop grown in the United States by Africa-America is mixed with three local Indonesian dance (Javanese, Sundanese, Papuan) traditions of animal behavior. The results show Animal Pop Dance is a hybrid tradition and culture that aspires to escape from the grip of dichotomous thinking patterns in post-colonial contexts.Teori paska-kolonial melahirkan dua perspektif. Pertama, Said berpendapat kerangka-beton ideologi dan pengetahuan kolonial berdiri kokoh, rapi, dan sempurna tanpa retakan yang masih bercokol utuh. Bhabha berpendapat bangunan ideologi dan pengetahuan kolonial penuh retakan meniscayakan peluang kreatif menciptakan tradisi dan budaya hibrid yang bukan sekadar kepanjangan tangan kolonial semata, akan tetapi juga bukanlah bumiputera yang sesungguhnya: ambiguitas dan ambivalen. Artikel ini, pelacakan terhadap politik identitas yang mengkonstruksi sebuah subbudaya dengan gaya hidup tertentu melalui penciptaan koreografi Animal Pop Dance. Suatu hip hop Indonesia yang merupakan proses hibridisasi hibrid dari hip hop yang tumbuh di Amerika Serikat oleh kalangan Africa-America dicampuradukan dengan tiga tari tradisi lokal Indonesia (Jawa, Sunda, Papua) bertema perilaku binatang. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan Animal Pop Dance adalah tradisi dan budaya hibrid yang berhasrat melepaskan diri dari cengkeraman pola berpikir dikotomi dalam konteks paska-kolonial. Keywords: politic of identity, animal pop dance, subculture, lifestyle, hybrid
45
Cho, Alexander. "Muslim Cool: Race, Religion, and Hip Hop in the United States by Su'ad Abdul Khabeer: Affect as a Critical Optic." Cinema Journal 57, no. 1 (2017): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cj.2017.0068.
Full text
46
Stoever, Jennifer Lynn. "‘Doing fifty-five in a fifty-four’: Hip hop, cop voice and the cadence of white supremacy in the United States." Journal of Interdisciplinary Voice Studies 3, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jivs.3.2.115_1.
Full text
47
Schupp, Karen. "Dancing the ‘American Dream’: Dance Competition Culture in Times of Shifting Values." Nordic Journal of Dance 9, no. 1 (June 1, 2018): 32–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/njd-2018-0004.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Dance competitions–events where local dance studios that are focused on contemporary, jazz, ballet, hip hop and tap compete in regional and national events for awards–are not simply venues for entertainment; they are a microcosm of the social and cultural values in the United States. Competitors need to persevere despite personal challenges, the open entry system for competitions makes it seem that anyone who can pay the entry fee has an equal chance at winning first place, and the construction of a glamorous performance all reinforce the myth of the American Dream—if you work hard, you can achieve fame. Drawing on original and previously published theoretical and empirical studies of the culture surrounding dance competitions, this article investigates dance competition culture in relation to shifting United States democratic ideals. If the dance competition culture does in fact reflect broader United States socio-cultural and political values, what does this mean in relation to Donald Trump’s ascendency and the emerging political values of ‘Generation Z’, or those who were born after the year 2000 (the key participants in dance competition culture). Examining both the dancing that occurs in and the frameworks and practices that support the dance competition culture raises valuable questions about the performance of United States democratic ideals on the dance competition stage.
48
Smith, Kai Alexis. "Popular culture as a tool for critical information literacy and social justice education: Hip hop and Get Out on campus." College & Research Libraries News 79, no. 5 (May 4, 2018): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crln.79.5.234.
Full textAbstract:
We live in a politically polarizing climate and at a time when there is great economic and social unrest in the United States. Our current moment brings to my mind other periods in our nation’s history. First, the 1857 Dred Scott decision, when the Supreme Court decided that slaves were not U.S. citizens and could not sue for their freedom. So that even if a slave escaped to the North, he or she was still considered the property of the slave owner and must be returned.1 The second is in the 1960s, when the antiwar and civil rights movements occurred.2,3
49
OTTERBECK, JONAS. "Muslim Cool: Race, Religion, and Hip Hop in the United States. Su'ad Abdul Khabeer. New York: New York University Press, 2016. 288 pp." American Ethnologist 45, no. 2 (May 2018): 290–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/amet.12646.
Full text
50
Smith, Gareth Dylan Smith, Warren Gramm Gramm, and Kenrick Wagner. "Music education for social change in the United States: towards artistic citizenship through Little Kids Rock." International Journal of Pedagogy, Innovation and New Technologies 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8539.
Full textAbstract:
Public education in the United States is often woefully under-funded, especially in the arts, despite a federal mandate to provide music education for all. Where music programs exist in US schools, they tend to focus on teacher-directed large ensembles that afford students little agency or creative opportunity, playing music that alienates a majority of young people. Faced with the volume of evidence pointing to the benefits of including music in a well-rounded education, philanthropy-funded nonprofit companies such as Little Kids Rock step in to fill the vacuum in state provision. This paper is a descriptive, intrinsic case study that describes how Little Kids Rock provides culturally relevant music making experiences for young people in schools, through a learning approach called music as a second language and alternative music classes termed modern band. Little Kids Rock builds a nationwide community of innovative music pedagogues by training teachers, donating musical instruments and sharing original curricular resources. This paper includes examples of two modern band teachers – one working in a rock band context, and the other a hip hop facilitator. The work of these and other teachers is ever more urgent in an era in which the U.S. perpetuates an intense neoliberal capitalism that oppresses and marginalizes vast numbers of its own people. Little Kids Rock aims to foster artistic citizenship wherein music makers recognize social and emancipatory responsibilities with the aim of transforming lives for the better.