Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hirsutus

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Academic literature on the topic 'Hirsutus'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 23 May 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Hirsutus"

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MASHIMO, YUTA, PATRICK MÜLLER, HANS POHL, and ROLF G. BEUTEL. "The “hairy beast”—Zorotypus hirsutus sp. n., an unusual new species of Zoraptera (Insecta) from Burmese amber." Zootaxa 4508, no. 4 (November 2, 2018): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4508.4.4.

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A new species of the order Zoraptera, Zorotypus hirsutus Mashimo sp. n., is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. The specimen is tentatively assigned to the subgenus Octozoros Engel based on number of antennomeres reduced from nine to eight. It is characterized by an unusually strong setation, appearing much more hirsute than other extant or extinct species of the order. Other unusual autapomorphic features are an elongated head capsule with a concave genal region and very slender, elongate antennomeres. The discovery of this aberrant species suggests that the morphological diversity of Zoraptera was much higher than previously expected. For a reliable placement of Zorotypus hirsutus the discovery of males and a robust species level phylogeny would be required.
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Allwin, L., and V. Radhakrishnan. "COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY AND PREDATORY POTENTIAL OF Cryptolaemus montrouzieri ON MEALYBUGS." International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology 8, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i9.012.

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Comparative biology of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri on Maconellicoccus hirsutus and Pseudococcus citri revealed that it had completed its life cycle successfully on both species. The mean total developmental period (egg to pupa) was 18.1 days, when reared on P. citri and it was 20.9 days in M. hirsutus. The adults developed on P. citri had high fecundity 284.2 eggs / female and longevity 47.0 days than those developed on M. hirsutus. Analysis on the growth indices of C. montrouzieri showed more preference on P. citri with high suitability index of 2.51 than M. hirsutus (1.78). Among two life stages, adults of C. montrouzieri was more voracious and each adult consumed an average 258.7, 352.1 and 217.3 numbers on M. hirsutus while, it was 323.8, 715.6 and 328.6 number of eggs, nymphs and adults for P. citri, respectively. The grubs required 221.1, 55.1 and 36.6 numbers of M. hirsutus and 1079.0, 341.3 and 41.0 number of eggs, nymphs and adults of P. citri, respectively to complete life stages. Out of different instars of C. montrouzieri, third and fourth instars required around 92.1, 78.5 and 85.9 per cent and 88.9, 93.5 and 79.0 per cent of total eggs, nymphs and adults of P. citri and M. hirsutus consumed, respectively.
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NEGRINI, Marcelo, Elisangela G. F. MORAIS, Jéssica S. R. BATISTA, and Edvan A. CHAGAS. "Population fluctuations in the pink hibiscus mealybug and its natural enemies in Annona squamosa (Annonaceae) in Roraima, Brazil." Acta Amazonica 48, no. 1 (March 2018): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201701131.

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ABSTRACT Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae), a species of economic interest, especially for fruit plants, is expanding on the South American continent. Information about the population dynamics of this pest associated with control by natural enemies and cultural practices is fundamental for its management. Our objective was to study the population fluctuations in M. hirsutus and its natural enemies in a sugar-apple (Annona squamosa) orchard in Roraima, northern Brazil. Trees were evaluated monthly over a 12-month period. Infestation rates by M. hirsutus and its parasitism were also estimated for potential host plants around the study area. Highest infestation occurred in August and February-March. Alternative hosts were infested during the off-season, mainly fruit. Lacewings and the parasitoid Anagyrus kamali (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) were abundant natural enemies. Average parasitism by A. kamali in fruits was 50%, with highest rates in periods of greatest infestation by M. hirsutus. Fruitification pruning reduced M. hirsutus populations.
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SANTOS, ANNE CAROLINE BEZERRA DOS, ADRIANO SOARES RÊGO, RAIMUNDA NONATA SANTOS DE LEMOS, GABRIEL SILVA DIAS, and GISLANE DA SILVA LOPES. "BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF Ceraeochrysa everes (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FED ON PINK HIBISCUS MEALYBUG." Revista Caatinga 35, no. 2 (June 2022): 363–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252022v35n212rc.

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ABSTRACT The invasive pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a pest that threatens the production of fruits, vegetable, and ornamental plants in Brazil. It is a phytophagous insect with a wide range of hosts; thus, there is an increasing demand for sustainable environmental-friendly control methods, such as biological control. This study aimed to investigate biological parameters of Ceraeochrysa everes (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) fed on 2nd instar nymphs of M. hirsutus and eggs of Ephestia (Anagasta) kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). The duration of the immature stages of C. everes was longer when the predator was fed on 2nd instar nymphs of M. hirsutus, compared to the control (E. kuehniella). The survival rate of immature C. everes was 82.5% and 100% when fed on 2nd instar nymphs of M. hirsutus and eggs of E. kuehniella, respectively. The type of food resource offered at the larval stage affected the pre-oviposition, oviposition, and post-oviposition periods and the longevity of C. everes females. Adult females C. everes from immature individuals fed an exclusive diet of E. kuehniella eggs had longer oviposition, fecundity (daily and total), fertility, and post-oviposition periods and longevity. Ceraeochrysa everes has the capacity for predation, development, and reproduction while having 2nd instar nymphs of M. hirsutus as food resource. Therefore, C. everes has a promising potential for controlling M. hirsutus.
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Pant, Janak, Prava Dawadi, and Bikalpa Devkota. "Sustainable Management of Mealybugs Maconellicoccus hirsutus in Grapes (Vitis vinifera) and Influence of Environmental Factors in Growth of the Pest." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 13, no. 1 (March 24, 2025): 58–64. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v13i1.73429.

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The efficacy of different pesticides in grape mealybugs Maconellicoccus hirsutus have not been investigated clearly in Nepal. This research intended to outreach effectiveness of possible pesticides in mealybugs M. hirsutus infesting grape vines. The research was conducted in Chandannath, Jumla district in the selected grape vineyards (Vitis vinifera). Four treatments namely, insecticide (soil drenching of Imidacloprid 200 SL @1.5 ml/l of water/plant), botanical pesticide (neem oil Azadirachta indica 2 tablespoon mixed with one quarter water and few drops of dish soap), entomopathogenic fungi (Beauveria bassiana WP with 2 × 108 cfu/g)), and untreated control were applied in the research plots to investigate their efficacy in the mealybugs M. hirsutus.At the minimum temperature of 10°C the average numbers of mealybugs M. hirsutus were 120, which then gradually increased to 300 and 470 at 11 and 12°C respectively. At 19 and 20°C the insect population rose to 2400 and 300 on an average respectively. With increase in relative humidity (%) from 50 to 60 the population of mealybug M. hirsutus also increased to 4100 from 1100 on an average. The temperature and relative humidity have non-significant and significant relationship respectively with the population of mealybug M. hirsutus in grape vines. Imidacloprid has highest effectiveness in comparison to neem oil, B. bassiana, and untreated control, though it has numerous negative consequences including growth of insecticide resistance in the pest population. Therefore, Imidacloprid would be the best control strategy for mealybug M. hirsutus, however, neem oil (Azadirachta indica) could be the most efficient and sustainable option for managing mealybug M. hirsutus in grape vineyard. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 13(1): 58-64.
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Alexandrino, Julia G., Caleb C. Martins, Ana L. B. G. Peronti, and Nilza M. Martinelli. "First association of Ceraeochrysa cincta (Schneider, 1851) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) with Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) and evaluation of predation." Entomological Communications 4 (February 22, 2022): ec04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/2675-1305.ec04004.

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Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green, 1908) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a polyphagous pest introduced in Brazil in 2010. It has been successfully controlled in other countries by the employment of its natural enemies. Based in the economic importance of this pest plus the potential of chrysopids as its controlling agents, herein we report for the first time in Brazil the association of Ceraeochrysa cincta (Schneider, 1851) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) with this pseudococcid, evaluate the consumption of females of M. hirsutus by larvae of C. cincta, and the development of this predator when fed with that prey. Five hatched larvae of C. cincta from F2 generation were isolated in a Petri dish in controlled ambient, and fed with ten immature plus ten adult females of M. hirsutus offered and counted daily. The three instars of the predator were considered as distinct treatments. From five C. cincta larvae fed with M. hirsutus, only one had reached adulthood after 28 days. The mean duration of the C. cincta larval period was 20.73 days, with the 1st, 2nd and 3rd instars being 6.40, 5.33 and 9.00 days respectively, but without significantly differences. A mean of 80 immatures and ca. 17 adults of M. hirsutus were predated by the C. cincta in its larval period, with the 3rd instar being the phase of highest consumption of the prey. Based in our results, M. hirsutus is probably not a primary prey of C. cincta, but this chrysopid could be used as an alternative or complementary predator to control this pest.
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K, Shanmugapriya, Akanya S, Anderson Clinton B, Berril Nanzy S, Prakash Pr, and Suganya V. "PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF ARTOCARPUS HIRSUTUS AND ITS ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 6 (June 1, 2017): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i6.17669.

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Objective: In the present study, the effort was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical components, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity of Artocarpus hirsutus fruit and leaf. Methods: Each plant materials were extracted with two suitable solvents such as acetone and ethanol. Then, the extracts were tested for the presence of active phytoconstituents and antimicrobial activity. Then, it was subjected to antimicrobial activity against fungal and bacterial strains. Results: The present study suggested that the selected plant extracts of A. hirsutus exhibit major phytoconstituents, such as alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, phenols, and saponins. Furthermore, the results showed that acetone fruit extract of A. hirsutus and ethanolic fruit extract of A. hirsutus exhibited significant antimicrobial activity with a maximum zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus tamarii. Conclusion: The present study also exhibited remarkable antimicrobial activity against all the test microorganisms due to the presence of major bioactive phytochemicals
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B N, Chaithra, Ullas Prakash D’Souza, Prasanna Shama Khandige, and Vandana Sadananda. "Antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Arctocarpus hirsutus Lam. leaves in albino Wistar rats." Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research 11, no. 5 (December 31, 2023): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.joapr.2023.11.5.44.51.

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Peptic ulcers, a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder, remain a significant health concern. Artocarpus hirsutus Lam., a plant deeply rooted in traditional medicine, has been historically employed to address various health issues. Each component of this plant showcases diverse therapeutic activities, offering a holistic approach to health concerns. This study aimed to explore the gastroprotective and antiulcerogenic potential of the ethanol-based extract derived from Artocarpus hirsutus Lam leaves. Administered orally in 100, 200, and 400mg/kg doses, the extract's effects were compared with established medications - omeprazole (30mg/kg) and sucralfate (100mg/kg). Parameters such as gastric acid volume, gastric pH, ulcer index, total acidity, and free acidity were evaluated. The ethanol-based extract derived from Artocarpus hirsutus Lam. leaves demonstrated activity at doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg, resulting in a marked decrease in free acidity, total acidity, gastric volume, ulcer index, and an increase in gastric pH compared to the ulcer control group. Notably, the ethanol-based extract of leaves of Artocarpus hirsutus Lam. exhibited significant gastroprotective and ant-ulcerogenic effects in both ethanol induced ulcer and pylorus ligated ulcer models. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic value of Artocarpus hirsutus Lam. as an effective agent against peptic ulcers, supporting its traditional use in holistic health practices.
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Williams, D. J. "A brief account of the hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), a pest of agriculture and horticulture, with descriptions of two related species from southern Asia." Bulletin of Entomological Research 86, no. 5 (October 1996): 617–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300039420.

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AbstractThe mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) occurs in many tropical and subtropical parts of the Old World and extends into some temperate areas. It has now reached the West Indies where it is causing extensive damage to plants. There is concern that it may be introduced to the southern USA and to Central and South America. A brief account is given of reported damage caused by M. hirsutus to some commercial and food crops in Asia and Africa and the species is redescribed. M. multipori (Takahashi), now known from a wide area in southern Asia, is redescribed, and M. ramchensissp. n. from Nepal, is described as new. These two species are closely related to M. hirsutus and can easily be mistaken for it. M. hirsutus and M. multipori are sometimes intercepted at quarantine inspection of plants and plant produce in the USA and Europe. In order to aid identification, a key is provided to the eight species presently included in the genus Maconellicoccus Ezzat.
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Williams, D. J. "The identity and distribution of the genus Maconellicoccus Ezzat (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in africa." Bulletin of Entomological Research 76, no. 2 (June 1986): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300014814.

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AbstractSince Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), a pest of many plants including Hibiscus, was introduced into Egypt in 1908, probably from the Oriental Region, it has spread to much of tropical Africa. There is little information available on its control, but the encyrtid Anagyrus kamali Moursi is known to give good control in Egypt. The ladybird Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant is a voracious feeder on M. hirsutus in Egypt, but it does not survive the Egyptian winter, although it may be useful in the tropical areas. M. perforatus (De Lotto) is synonymized with M. hirsutus, and the distribution and host-plants of this species in Africa are discussed. A lectotype is designated for M. ugandae (Laing), a species now known to occur throughout tropical Africa, especially on coffee and cocoa. It is illustrated and redescribed and compared with M. hirsutus. M. bardus De Lotto, known from South Africa only, is excluded from the study because it probably belongs to the genus Chorizococcus.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hirsutus"

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Hardman, Blair D. "Reintroduction ecology of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus) at Shark Bay, Western Australia." Connect to thesis, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0024.html.

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Hardman, Blair. "Reintroduction ecology of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus) at Shark Bay, Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2006. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/34.

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The transfer of threatened animals from one location to another in order to benefit the species is a technique frequently used by animal conservation managers. However, very few of these relocations have experimentally assessed the relative merits and disadvantages of commonly used release techniques. Two species of hare-wallaby, mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus), were reintroduced in August 2001 onto Peron Peninsula in Western Australia. These threatened species were reintroduced using two release strategies (soft versus hard release), and their subsequent movements and body condition were monitored using radio-telemetry and trapping.
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Hardman, Blair. "Reintroduction ecology of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus) at Shark Bay, Western Australia." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0024.html.

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Negrini, Marcelo. "Bioecologia e controle biológico da cochonilha-rosada em Roraima." Universidade Federal de Roraima, 2016. http://www.bdtd.ufrr.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=375.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A cochonilha-rosada, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), é uma praga recém-introduzida no Brasil que ameaça inúmeras culturas, especialmente a fruticultura e plantas ornamentais. Essa praga foi relatada pela primeira vez no Brasil em Roraima e até o momento não existem informações sobre bioecologia e controle desta praga no país. O objetivo desse trabalho foi estudar a biologia e a dinâmica populacional de M. hirsutus e de seus inimigos naturais em Roraima. O trabalho foi conduzido em laboratório para determinação dos parâmetros biológicos de M. hirsutus e em um cultivo de Annona squamosa L. (Anonaceae), para avaliação dos efeitos dos fatores climáticos, do controle biológico e do manejo da cultura sobre sua dinâmica populacional. Maconellicoccus hirsutus pode ter até nove gerações por ano, com 6,5 dias para dobrar sua população em tamanho. O número de fêmeas é cerca de três vezes maior que o de machos. A oviposição foi de 98 ovos/fêmea, com viabilidade de 97%. As populações de M. hirsutus foram maiores durante o período de frutificação e não apresentam correlação com as variáveis climáticas. Os níveis de infestação foram baixos (5,2 %), e isto pode estar relacionado às elevadas taxas de parasitismo (55,4 %) por Anagyrus kamali Moursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) e a predação por bicho-lixeiro (Chrysopidae). Árvores podadas apresentaram infestações menores que as encontradas em árvores não podadas. Maconellicoccus hirsutus possui elevado potencial biótico em condições de clima seco e quente, entretanto a ação de seus inimigos naturais associados às boas práticas de manejo podem manter baixos os níveis populacionais de M. hirsutus.
The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is a pest recently introduced in Brazil threatens numerous crops, especially to orchards and ornamental plants. The first reported of this pest in Brazil was in Roraima, and there was not information about its bioecology and biological control in the country. The objective of this work was to study the biology and the population dynamic of M. hirsutus and of its natural enemies in Roraima. The work was conducted in the laboratory to determine the biological parameters of M. hirsutus and in an orchard of Annona squamosa L. (Anonaceae), to evaluate the effect of the climate, biological control and crop management on its dynamic population. Maconellicoccus hirsutus can have up to nine generations per year, with 6.5 days to double their population size. The number of females is about three times larger than that of males. The oviposition was 98 eggs / female, with viability of 97%. Populations of M. hirsutus were higher during the period of fruiting and it did not correlate with climate variables. The infestation levels were low (5.2%) and can be related to high parasitism rates (55.4%) by por Anagyrus kamali Moursi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) and predation by lacewing (Chrysopidae). Pruned trees were less infested 40.95% lower than those trees not pruned. Maconellicoccus hirsutus has a high biotic potential in dry and warm weather conditions, however its natural enemies associated to a good management practices can maintain the population levels of M. hirsutus low.
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Vitullo, Justin Matthew. "Ecological and behavioral factors associated with monitoring and managing pink hibiscus mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in the southern US." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28238.

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The pink hibiscus mealybug (PHM), Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was investigated with regard to damage caused to hibiscus by feeding, dispersal of nymphs, evaluation of management tactics, and the use of sex pheromone based monitoring in southern Florida from 2005 to 2008. Understanding the ability of PHM to locate and colonize new hosts, and the response of hosts is essential to optimized monitoring and management strategies. Investigation of the onset and severity of PHM feeding symptoms by Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. showed that severity of symptoms differed among cultivars and that PHM were found on plants that did not exhibit feeding symptoms. Aerially dispersing PHM were predominantly first instars. Dispersal occurred with a diel periodicity that peaked between 14:00 and 18:00 h and was significantly influenced by mean wind speed. Initial infestation with 5, 10, or 20 PHM adult females had no significant affect on the number of dispersing individuals captured from hibiscus plants and PHM were captured at 50 m from infested source plants. The effects of mating disruption, the insecticide (dinotefuran), the parasitoid, Anagyrus kamali (Moursi), and the predator, Cryptolaemus montrouzieri (Mulsant) on PHM on hibiscus plants in screened field cages were evaluated. The total number of mealybugs captured in sticky band and pheromone traps during the study was reduced by dinotefuran and the predator. At the end of the study, the number of nymphs recovered from hibiscus terminals was reduced by the dinotefuran, predator and parasitoid treatments. Field experiments showed that the time of day during which male PHM were captured in pheromone traps in May and September was crepuscular, with most captures occurring from 18:00 to 21:00 h. Significantly more males were captured in traps placed in non-host trees at an elevation of 2 m above the ground than 6 m, and more males were captured in traps placed within host plants than in those 3 m upwind. Pheromone traps placed in hibiscus treated with soil applied dinotefuran or left untreated captured equal numbers of males during the 3 wk prior to treatment and during the 12 wk after treatment. Release of parasitoids at residential sites did not have a significant effect on the total number of males captured in sex pheromone traps over 18 mo. The number of mealybugs found at both parasitoid release and untreated sites were highly variable and corresponded with males captured in sex pheromone traps, as high and low levels of mealybugs corresponded with high and low levels of males captured. The number of males captured in pheromone traps during a two week survey at residential sites in May were a strong predictor of subsequent captures in 2006 (r2 = 0. 712), but not 2007 (r2 = 0.019). The relationship between PHM populations and males captured in sex pheromone traps was influenced by a multitude of factors that can impact the ability of traps to accurately reflect populations at a given location. Pheromone traps have the potential to provide meaningful information towards monitoring and mitigating risk from PHM. The contributions of this dissertation towards optimizing PHM sex pheromone monitoring, as well as facets of PHM monitoring that have yet to be resolved are discussed.
Ph. D.
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Treloar, Shannon. "Potential for resource competition between the boodie (Bettongia lesueur) and mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) in the fenced Matuwa reserve, central Western Australia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2514.

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Translocations to closed systems such as fenced reserves are commonly used for the conservation of threatened fauna species worldwide and although fenced reserves can provide significant conservation benefits to biodiversity, they can also bring forth potential threats. Ecologically similar species can stably coexist by partitioning resources along at least one of three niche dimensions (food, space, or time), thereby reducing interspecific competition. However, resources are limited in fenced reserves and natural processes that regulate populations in response to resource availability, such as dispersal into surrounding areas, are unable to occur. Consequently, there is increased potential for competition because there are less resources available for partitioning. Furthermore, the removal of predators and competitors, both native and introduced, can increase the risk of overpopulation due to a reduction in the incidence of density-dependant mortality. This can potentially lead to overuse of resources and further increase the potential for competition. Interspecific competition may lead to the decline or exclusion of a more sensitive species by a less sensitive species. Such interactions are difficult to predict, especially as many threatened species no longer naturally co-exist in their current ranges or are poorly studied. I investigated resource use of two potentially competing native marsupials, boodies (Bettongia lesueur) and mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus), that co-exist in a 1100 ha predator-free fenced reserve located in the arid rangelands of central Western Australia. Resource overlap between coexisting populations of these two species has not been studied previously, but the literature suggests the potential for considerable dietary overlap. I investigated the degree of dietary overlap using scat DNA from non-invasively collected scats, as well as the degree of spatial overlap using scat counts and temporal overlap using camera traps. Boom-bust dynamics have been observed in the Matuwa boodie population (and elsewhere), which raised the concern of subsequent suppression of the potentially less competitive mala. The suppression of mala however cannot be confirmed because there are currently no effective methods to monitor the population size of this elusive species at Matuwa. Therefore, I also trialled non-invasive DNA-based sampling methods using field-collected scats to estimate the abundance of the Matuwa mala population. This method has not been used on mala previously. Results from the dietary analyses suggest there is potential for significant exploitative competition, as both species’ scats consisted of a high percentage of Acacia spp. However, the Acacia DNA could not be identified to species level and there are at least 19 Acacia species within the enclosure, so it is unknown which species they are consuming, and further studies are necessary to resolve the extend of overlap. Additionally, boodies also consumed a much higher proportion of fungi than mala, which may reduce the extent of overall dietary overlap, thereby reducing the potential for resource competition. The species displayed no sign of significant spatial or temporal avoidance at a broad scale, possibly because dietary partitioning exists so there is limited risk from using the same habitats and having similar activity rhythms. The results however, suggest the potential for fine scale spatial and temporal avoidance; this should be investigated further. This study successfully used non-invasively collected scat DNA to identify individuals and estimate the abundance of the mala population at Matuwa. Spatially explicit capture recapture (SECR) and mark-resight models estimated a population size of over 110 individuals. With refined scat collection methods, DNA-based sampling will be an effective and valuable method for monitoring mala. This is a significant outcome because current methods have limited success with the elusive species, but it is essential the few remaining mala populations are effectively monitored to prevent further decline. The information gained from this study will contribute to the successful conservation of boodies and mala by adding to existing knowledge and providing insight into the ability of these species to coexist. Finally, this study will contribute to gaining a better understanding of resource use by small mammals and how they partition resources (including food, space and time) in a closed environment where resources are significantly more limited than the wider landscape.
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Stover, Rachyl-anne. "Description of the dietary breadth and overlap of the translocated Shark Bay rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and banded hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus) using scat DNA." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2025. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2922.

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Conservation translocations are increasingly used worldwide to prevent extinctions and support ecological restoration projects. These translocations involve a lot of uncertainty, particularly when species are introduced to ecosystems where they have not previously coexisted. Many historical translocations in Australia and globally have failed due to insufficient baseline data and inadequate post-translocation monitoring. Contemporary translocations can aim to improve translocation outcomes by increasing baseline data collection and developing robust post-release monitoring for translocated species. The development of environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques has facilitated the collection of information from environments with minimal disturbance to species. The advancement of such passive monitoring techniques has allowed for increased ability to monitor and study cryptic and rare species. The Shark Bay rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus bernieri) and the banded hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus) were introduced to Dirk Hartog Island (DHI) from founder populations on the Bernier and Dorre islands in Shark Bay, Western Australia, as part of the Dirk Hartog Island National Park Ecological Restoration Program. Once found across large areas of south-west and central Australia, the populations on the Bernier and Dorre islands are the last natural populations of the two species due to habitat loss and predation post-European colonisation. As the rufous hare-wallaby and banded hare-wallaby have not been previously recorded on DHI, there was uncertainty regarding their successful establishment on the island and their potential interactions with each other and other species involved in the restoration program. The diets of rufous hare-wallabies and banded hare-wallabies were investigated through the DNA metabarcoding of scat samples from three islands in Shark Bay, Western Australia. This researched aimed to assess dietary overlap and the potential for resource competition between the two hare-wallaby species. Additionally, the difference in diet between the founder populations to their post-translocation diets on DHI were analysed as an indication of dietary flexibility and adaptability to environmental changes. The diets of both species of hare-wallaby were found to be broad, containing taxa from multiple plant families including invasive weeds. On DHI there was a high degree of overlap in the diets of the two species, indicating a risk of resource competition. The diets of the translocated populations differed significantly from the founder populations, which demonstrated flexible foraging behaviour and signified that rufous hare-wallabies and banded hare-wallabies are excellent candidates for future translocation projects on other islands and within mainland reserves. This thesis is the first study to define and compare the diets of the Shark Bay rufous hare-wallaby and the banded hare-wallaby using scat DNA. The understanding of diet is fundamental to ecology and an essential consideration in restoration projects involving new species interactions. The findings from this research can benefit the fulfilment of translocation success criteria related to species establishment and health targets for the new populations. By demonstrating the dietary breadth and flexibility of Shark Bay’s hare-wallabies, this thesis exemplifies the utility of scat DNA in supporting the conservation of translocated fauna.
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Frederick, Samuel Lee Locy Robert D. "Thermotolerance in Gossypium hirsutum." Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Fall/Theses/FREDERICK_SAMUEL_25.pdf.

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Higaki, Willian Akio. "Bacillus subtilis e abamectina no controle de Rotylenchulus reniformis e Pratylenchus brachyurus e alterações fisiológicas em algodoeiro em condições controladas." Universidade do Oeste Paulista, 2012. http://bdtd.unoeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/399.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T18:56:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WILLIAN_DISSERTACAO_decolagem_final_15_05.pdf: 452812 bytes, checksum: 0a6a27eb968740d9082f0cd77e47d0d9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-10
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of cotton seed treatments with Bacillus subtilis and a chemical nematicide (abamectin) on plant development in soils infested with nematodes. For this, the cotton genotypes IAC 25, Deltaopal and Nuopal were cultivated in ceramic pots with 10 kg of soil in a greenhouse. The soils samples were collected from areas under cotton cultivation in western Bahia State infested with Pratylenchus brachyurus and Rotylenchulus reniformis. To evaluate the efficiency of biological control of nematodes with B. subtilis, a previous inoculation of the cotton seeds at the date planting was made comparatively to the reference the application of the nematicide abamectin (AVICTA 500 FS®) in the seeds. After 45 days of cultivation leaf samples were collected for proline and peroxidase analyzes in all treatments. The plants were analyzed 60 days after planting for active nematodes in the root and in the soil. The most susceptible genotype (Deltaopal) showed higher proline content in their leaves. The hypothesis that the B. subtilis could act effectively in the control of the nematodes R. reniformis and P. brachyurus in cotton plants was confirmed in this study. It was also observed that the treatment of cotton seeds with B. subtilis was as efficient as the treatment with the chemical nematicide abamectin. The cotton genotypes responded differently to the chemical and biological control treatments. The effects of the both seed treatments on the reduction of the nematodes and on the plant growth were more pronounced in the soils with higher infestation.
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento do algodoeiro em solos infestados com nematoides em função do tratamento de sementes com nematicida químico (abamectina) e Bacillus subtilis. Foram utilizados os genótipos de algodoeiro: IAC 25, Deltaopal e Nuopal. O solo utilizado no experimento foi coletado em área de cultivo de algodoeiro nos Municípios de Luiz Eduardo Magalhães e São Desidério, localizados no Oeste Baiano, com histórico prévio de infestação de Pratylenchus brachyurus e Rotylenchulus reniformis. Para avaliação da eficiência do controle biológico de nematoides com Bacillus subtilis, procedeu-se a inoculação prévia das sementes de algodão no momento da semeadura, utilizando-se também como referência comparativa a aplicação de nematicida de contato Abamectina (AVICTA 500 FS®) nas sementes. Aos 45 dias de cultivo foram coletadas amostras de tecido foliar para realização de análises de prolina e peroxidase nas folhas. O genótipo mais suscetível (Deltaopal) apresentou maior teor de prolina nas folhas. As plantas foram coletadas aos 60 dias após a semeadura para a avaliação de nematoides nas raízes e no solo em cada tratamento. A hipótese de que o B. subtilis possa atuar de forma eficaz no controle dos nematoides (R. reniformis e P. brachyurus) no cultivo do algodoeiro, avaliados neste estudo, foi confirmada. Foi também comprovado que o tratamento com B. subtilis equivaleu-se à eficiência de controle obtido com o uso do nematicida convencional. Os genótipos de algodoeiro responderam de forma diferente aos tratamentos efetuados para controle dos nematoides. O controle de nematoides e o desenvolvimento das plantas em função dos tratamentos efetuados foram mais significativos nos solos com maior infestação de nematoides.
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Lehle, Fredric R., and Omer K. Ahmed. "Fermentation in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Seeds." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204520.

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Ethanol and acetaldehyde production by cotton seeds subjected to anoxic stress imposed by CO₂ or N₂ gas was quantified during the imbibition phase. Fermentation capacity was low in dry seeds and quickly increased during the first few hours of imbibition. In hydrated seeds, ethanol and acetaldehyde excretion following anoxic stress followed a linear trend in time. Ethanol excretion exceeded that of acetaldehyde by an order of magnitude. Similar rates of production were observed whether anoxic was imposed by either CO₂ or N₂ gas. Excreted ethanol and acetaldehyde were rapidly metabolized following alleviation of anoxic stress.
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Books on the topic "Hirsutus"

1

Reardon, Richard C. Pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) =: La cochinilla rosada del hibisco, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 1998.

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US DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. Pink hibiscus mealybug--Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green). [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1997.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, ed. Look out for the pink hibiscus mealybug. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 1997.

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L, Rosenfield Robert, ed. Hyperandrogenic states and hirsutism. London: Baillière Tindall, 1997.

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Serrano, Elisabete de Oliveira. Bibliografia brasileira de economia na cultura do algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Campina Grande, PB: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Algodão, 1990.

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U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. California/Nevada Operations Office., ed. Recovery plan for Phlox hirsuta (Yreka phlox). Portland, Or: Region 1, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ecological Services, 2006.

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1955-, McConnell James Scott, and Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, eds. Yield, earliness and fiber strength of blends of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. Fayetteville, Ark: Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, 1997.

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Laboucheix, Jean. Contribution à l'étude de la transmission de la virescence florale du cotonnier (Gossypium hirsutum L) au Burkina Faso. Grenoble: A.N.R.T. Université Pierre Mendès France Grenoble 2, 1986.

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Vinko, Žagar, and Culiberg Metka, eds. Slovensko Alpsko Ruševje v primerjavi z Evropskimi (Rhodothamno-Rhododendretum hirsuti var. geogr. Paederota lutea). Ljubljana: Slovenska Akademija Znanosti in Umetnosti, 2006.

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Mauvais-Jarvis, P., F. Kuttenn, and I. Mowszowicz. Hirsutism. Springer, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hirsutus"

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Khare, C. P. "Cocculus hirsutus (Linn.) Diels." In Indian Medicinal Plants, 1. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-70638-2_377.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Ranunculus hirsutus Curt. (R. sardous Crantz)." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 683. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_2263.

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Frank, J. Howard, J. Howard Frank, Michael C. Thomas, Allan A. Yousten, F. William Howard, Robin M. Giblin-davis, John B. Heppner, et al. "Pink Hibiscus Mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus Green (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2897–900. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2974.

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Delille, D., L. D. Guidi, and J. Soyer. "Nutrition of Allotanais hirsutus (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) at Kerguelen Island." In Antarctic Nutrient Cycles and Food Webs, 378–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82275-9_53.

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Kaur, Manpreet, and Mohit Mangla. "Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Cocculus Hirsutus (L.) Diels (Family—Menispermaceae)." In Biomolecules and Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants, 167–76. New York: Apple Academic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003284468-14.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Gossypium hirsutum." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 616–18. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_2011.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Lycopersicon hirsutum." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 888. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_2858.

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Jenkins, David. "Hirsutism." In Listening to Gynaecological Patients’ Problems, 93–96. London: Springer London, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3325-4_16.

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Deplewski, Dianne, and Robert L. Rosenfield. "Hirsutism." In Practical Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 234–40. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118538555.ch35.

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Rigopoulos, D. "Hirsutism." In European Handbook of Dermatological Treatments, 206–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-07131-1_40.

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Conference papers on the topic "Hirsutus"

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D’Annunzio, Federica, Giulia Fiscon, Gaia Bertolotti, Raffaele Dello Ioio, and Paola Paci. "Differential gene correlation analysis to investigate evolutionary divergence between Cardamine hirsuta and Arabidopsis thaliana." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM), 6084–90. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm62325.2024.10822750.

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Reddy, Gadi V. P. "Status of biological control of pink hibiscus mealybug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus) in the Pacific Islands." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.90823.

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Abd-Rabou, Shaaban. "Management of pink hibiscus mealybug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus) with emphasis on biological control by parasitoids." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.90829.

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Halima-Kamel, M. Ben. "Invasive mealybugs in Tunisia: Maconellicoccus hirsutus(Green), Phenacoccus peruvianus(Granara de Willink), andPhenacoccus madeirensis(Green)." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.106227.

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Culik, Mark Paul. "Pink hibiscus mealybug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus) and other invasive insects in Brazil: Can classical biological control help save Neotropical biodiversity?" In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.91352.

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Mruthunjayaswamy, Prathibha. "Monitoring of insecticide resistance in different populations of pink mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus, from India and quantification of detoxifying enzymes involved in resistance." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.106101.

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Фокина, В. В., Т. Г. Лобастова, Е. Ю. Брагин, В. Ю. Штратникова, И. П. Стародумова, С. В. Тарлачков, and М. В. Донова. "Полногеномное секвенирование термофильного штамма Saccharopolyspora hirsuta subsp. hirsuta ВКМ Ac-666T, перспективного для биотехнологии стероидов." In VI Пущинская школа-конференция «Биохимия, физиология и биосферная роль микроорганизмов». ИД «Вода: химия и экология», 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18334/ibpm2019.226-229.

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Фокина, В. В., Т. Г. Лобастова, Е. Ю. Брагин, В. Ю. Штратникова, И. П. Стародумова, С. В. Тарлачков, and М. В. Донова. "Полногеномное секвенирование термофильного штамма Saccharopolyspora hirsuta subsp. hirsuta ВКМ Ac-666T, перспективного для биотехнологии стероидов." In VI Пущинская школа-конференция «Биохимия, физиология и биосферная роль микроорганизмов». ИД «Вода: химия и экология», 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18334/ibpm2019_226-229.

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Bataeva, Yulya, Damelya Magzanova, Adelia Baimukhambetova, Lilit Grigoryan, and Daria Vilkova. "Influence of Bacillus megaterium to promote growing of cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.)." In "The Caspian in the Digital Age" within the framework of the International Scientific Forum "Caspian 2021: Ways of Sustainable Development". Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.momz3523.

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The article presents the results of studying the influence of Bacillus megaterium on the growth and development of Gossypium hirsutum cotton plant in the field conditions of the Astrakhan Region. In the wild plants have to cope with several adverse environmental conditions, such as water scarcity, high salt concentrations in the soil, extreme temperatures, nutrient deficiencies and pathogen attacks. However, plants can interact with several soil microorganisms, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which make the plant more resistant to such stresses. Bacillus-based products represent the most important class of microbial products for phytosanitary use available on the market. Field studies and microbiological analysis of the soil were carried out on the basis of the All-Russian Research Institute of Irrigated Horticulture and Melon Growing (VNIIOB) and Astrakhan State University. To compare the results, in the experiment the chemical mineral fertilizer Amofoska was used in the concentration of the working solution. Distilled water was used as a control substance. The weight of the crop was calculated at the end of the vegetation season. The research revealed that Bacillus megaterium has growth-promoting effect on cotton culture. Germination of seeds treated with bacillus was 96%. Plant biometrics indicate that plants treated with bacillus show the highest values in terms of leaf weight, leaf area and root length relative to the control. Thus, the number of buds and flowers increased by 5.1 and 3.1 pieces in comparison to the control sample and the one treated with mineral fertilizer, respectively. The length of the root also increased by 9.8 and 2.4 cm. The weight of cotton treated with bacillus exceeds the control variant by 46 g. and mineral fertilizer by 48.4 g, respectively. When abundantly poured for the second time, this indicator exceeded the weight of the control sample by 8 g and after treatment with mineral fertilizer - by 32 g.
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Goolsby, John A. "Seasonal phenology and natural enemies ofMaconellicoccus hirsutusin Australia." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.90822.

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Reports on the topic "Hirsutus"

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Garavito Arcos, Heydi Carolina. Contexto de cadena: algodón (Gossypium hirsutum). Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.fichascontexto.2020.13.

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En esta ficha de contexto se mencionan los aspectos importantes de la cadena de algodón enfocados a su marco productivo, regional, económico, comercio internacional, así como sus perspectivas y tendencias frente al mercado, dando a conocer su entorno de Ciencia y Tecnología e Innovación.
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Van`t Hof, J., and S. S. Lamm. Cell synchrony and chromosomal protocols for somatic cells of cotton gossypium hirsutum. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10121336.

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Romero Perdomo, Felipe, and Bonilla Ruth. Reducción de dosis de fertilizante mineral fosfatado mediante la inoculación de bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfato en Gossypium hirsutum. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2017.3.

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La excesiva aplicación de fertilizantes minerales fosfatados (FMF) para la producción del algodonero es una de las problemáticas sociales, económicas y ambientales que afronta el sector en Colombia. Una de las estrategias para reducir el uso de FMF es mediante la aplicación de bacterias solubilizadoras de fosfato (BSF; Pereg & McMillan, 2015). Para proporcionar fósforo a las plantas, la BSF activan varios mecanismos, como la producción de enzimas y ácidos orgánicos que actúan sobre fosfatos insolubles y los convierte en formas solubles (Richardson & Simpson, 2011). Además, se ha demostrado que los BSF son capaces de sintetizar compuestos volátiles, ácido indólico (IAA), sideróforos, entre otros, para estimular la germinación de las semillas, el crecimiento de las plantas y los procesos de rendimiento (Otieno et al., 2015). Con base en el impacto reportado sobre la aplicación de BSF en cultivos, surgió la necesidad de seleccionar una cepa con el potencial de reducir aplicaciones de fertilizante fosfatado en la producción del algodón.
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Bennett, Alan, and Arthur Schaffer. Sucrose Metabolism in Developing Fruit of Wild and Cultivated Lycopersicon Species. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613009.bard.

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The project focused on a strategy to enhance tomato fruit soluble solids by evaluating components of carbohydrate metabolism in fruit of wild tomato species that accumulate sucrose rather than hexose and have extremely high soluble sugar contents. The overall goal was to determine the extent to which sucrose accumulation contributes to elevated soluble solids levels and to understand the underlying genetic and biochemical basis of the trait. The research objectives were to evaluate near isogenic L. esculentum lines segregating for sucrose- and hexose-accumulation, determine the biochemical basis of sucrose accumulation and develop molecular genetic strategies to enhance sucrose accumulation in fruit. The inheritance of the sucrose accumulation gene (sucr) was evaluated in both L. chmielewskii and L. hirsutum and shown to be conferred by a single recessive gene in each species. Stable L. esculentum lines homozygous for the sucr gene from L. chmieliewskii and L. hirsutum were well characterized on a genetic and physiological basis and have been introduced into breeding programs to modify fruit sugar composition. The metabolic basis of sucrose accumulation was determined to result from the lack of sucrose hydrolytic capacity. The invertase gene was cloned and its analysis indicated that it is transcriptionally silent in sucrose-accumulating fruit. Transgenic plants expressing an antisense invertase gene were produced and shown to accumulate high levels of sucrose, confirming the role of invertase as the primary determinant of sucrose accumulation and demonstrating the feasibility of a general strategy to genetically engineer sugar composition.
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Bennett, Alan B., Arthur Schaffer, and David Granot. Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Fructose Accumulation: A Strategy to Improve Fruit Quality. United States Department of Agriculture, June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7571353.bard.

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The goal of the research project was to evaluate the potential to genetically modify or engineer carbohydrate metabolism in tomato fruit to enhance levels of fructose, a sugar with nearly twice the sweetness value of other sugars. The specific research objectives to achieve that goal were to: 1. Establish the inheritance of a fructose-accumulating trait identified in F1 hybrids of an inferspecific cross between L. hirsutum XL. esculentum and identify linked molecular markers to facilitate its introgression into tomato cultivars. This objective was completed with the genetic data indicating a single major gene, termed Fgr (Fructose glucose ratio), that controlled the partitioning of hexose in the mature fruit. Molecular markers for the gene, were developed to aid introgression of this gene into cultivated tomato. In addition, a second major gene encoding fructokinase 2 (FK2) was found to be a determinant of the fructose to glucose ratio in fruit. The relationship between FK2 and Fgr is epistatic with a combined synergistic effect of the two hirsutum-derived genes on fructose/glucose ratios. 2. Characterize the metabolic and transport properties responsible for high fructose/glucose ratios in fructose-accumulating genotypes. The effect of both the Fgr and FK2 genes on the developmental accumulation of hexoses was studied in a wide range of genetic backgrounds. In all backgrounds the trait is a developmental one and that the increase in fructose to glucose ratio occurs at the breaker stage of fruit development. The following enzymes were assayed, none of which showed differences between genotypes, at either the breaker or ripe stage: invertase, sucrose synthase, FK1, FK2, hexokinase, PGI and PGM. The lack of effect of the FK2 gene on fructokinase activity is surprising and at present we have no explanation for the phenomenon. However, the hirsutum derived Fgr allele was associated with significantly lower levels of phosphorylated glucose, G1c-1-P and G1c-6-P and concomitantly higher levels of the phosphorylated fructose, Fru-6-P, in both the breaker and ripe stage. This suggests a significant role for the isomerase reaction. 3. Develop and implement molecular genetic strategies for the production of transgenic plants with altered levels of enzymes that potentially control fructose/glucose ratios in fruit. This objective focused on manipulating hexokinase and fructokinase expression in transgenic plants. Two highly divergent cDNA clones (Frk1 and Frk2), encoding fructokinase (EC 2.7.1.4), were isolated from tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and a potato fructokinase cDNA clone was obtained from Dr. Howard Davies. Following expression in yeast, each fructokinase was identified to code for one of the tomato or potato fructokinase isoforms Transgenic tomato plants were generated with the fructokinase cDNA clone in both sense and antisense orientations and the effect of the gene on tomato plants is currently being studied.
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Orhan, Nilüfer. St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) Laboratory Guidance Document. ABC-AHP-NCNPR Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.59520/bapp.lgd/awbq3781.

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For centuries, St. John’s wort (SJW; Hypericum perforatum L., Hypericaceae) has been used as an herbal remedy for various medical conditions both externally and internally in many countries. Although it is a well-known and widely used traditional medicinal plant, concerns about its safety and herb-drug interactions caused a significant decrease in market sales starting in the early 2000s. The adulteration history of St. John’s wort (SJW) goes back to 1875 in the United States; the American Pharmaceutical Association mentioned Ascyrum stans and A. crux-andreae as the substitutes of SJW in its report on adulterations and sophistications. More recently, many Hypericum species (H. androsaemum, H. barbatum, H. crux-andreae, H. hirsutum, H. maculatum, H. montanum, H. patulum, and H. tetrapterum) and synthetic dye mixtures (E123 Amaranth, E133 Brilliant Blue, E110 Sunset Yellow, and E102 Tartrazine) are reported as adulterants of SJW. This Laboratory Guidance Document presents a review of the various analytical methods used to differentiate between authentic SJW plant, powder/extracts and ingredients containing adulterating materials. This document can be used in conjunction with the Hypericum perforatum Botanical Adulterants Bulletin published by the ABC-AHP-NCNPR Botanical Adulterants Prevention Program in 2017.
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7

Tanksley, Steven D., and Dani Zamir. Development and Testing of a Method for the Systematic Discovery and Utilization of Novel QTLs in the Production of Improved Crop Varieties: Tomato as a Model System. United States Department of Agriculture, June 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570570.bard.

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Abstract:
Modern cultivated varieties carry only a small fraction of the variation present in the gene pool. The narrow genetic basis of modern crop plants is a result of genetic bottlenecks imposed during early domestication and modern plant breeding. The wild ancestors of most crop plants can still be found in their natural habitats and Germplasm Centers have been established to collect and maintain this material. These wild and unadapted resources can potentially fuel crop plant improvement efforts for many years into the future (Tanksley and McCouch 1997). Unfortunately, scientists have been unable to exploit the majority of the genetic potential warehoused in germplasm repositories. This is especially true as regards to the improvement of quantitative traits like yield and quality. One of the major problems is that much of the wild germplasm is inferior to modern cultivars for many of the quantitative traits that breeders would like to improve. Our research, focusing on the tomato as a model system, has shown that despite their inferior phenotypes, wild species are likely to contain QTLs that can substantially increase the yield and quality of elite cultivars (de Vicente and Tanksley 1992, Eshed and Zamir 1994, Eshed et al. 1996). Using novel population structures of introgression lines (ILs; Eshed and Zamir 1995) and advanced backcross lines (AB; Tanksley et al. 1996) we identified and introduced valuable QTLs from unadapted germplasm into elite processing tomato varieties. Populations involving crosses with five Lycopersicon species (L. pennellii (Eshed and Zamir 1994; Eshed et al. 1996; Eshed and Zamir 1996), L. hirsutum (Bernacchi et al. 1998), L. pimpinellifolium (Tanksley et al. 1996), L. parviflorum (unpub.), L. peruvianum (Fulton et al. 1997) have been field and laboratory tested in a number of locations around the world. QTLs from the wild parent were identified that improve one or more of the key quantitative traits for processing tomatoes (yield, brix, sugar and acid composition and earliness) by as much as 10-30%. Nearly isogenic lines (QTL-NILs) have been generated for a subset of these QTLs. Each QTL-NIL contains the entire genome of the elite cultivated parent except for a segment (5-40 cM) of the wild species genome corresponding to a specific QTL. The genetic material and information that was developed in this program is presently used by American and Israeli seed companies for the breeding of superior varieties. We expect that in the next few years these varieties will make a difference in the marketplace.
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