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1

Demb, Joshua, Scarlett L. Gomez, Alison J. Canchola, et al. "Racial and Ethnic Variation in Survival in Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 11 (2024): e2446820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.46820.

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ImportanceRates of early-onset (before 50 years of age) colorectal cancer (EOCRC) are increasing, with notable differences across racial and ethnic groups. Limited data are available on EOCRC-related mortality differences when disaggregating racial and ethnic groups.ObjectiveTo investigate racial and ethnic differences in EOCRC mortality, including disaggregation of Asian American populations separately, including Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander populations and specific Asian American groups, and to quantify the contribution of clinical and sociodemographic factors accounting for the
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2

Xie, Hui, Yannan Li, Chi Wen, and Qian Wang. "Contraceptive Use Disparities in Asian American Women in 2015–2016: California Health and Interview Survey." Sexes 5, no. 3 (2024): 386–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes5030028.

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Background: Consistent use of effective contraceptives is directly associated with a lower risk of unintended pregnancies, a significant public health burden in the U.S. The Asian American population is heterogeneous and fast-growing. However, patterns and disparities in contraceptive use among Asian American women, particularly within racial/ethnic subgroups, have been understudied, hindering effective family planning. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of contraceptive use and its pattern in Asian American women using the 2015–2016 California Health and Interview Survey
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Zell, Jason A., Kathryn E. Singh, Thomas H. Taylor, Chuan-Ju G. Pan, and Michael J. Stamos. "Age disparities in the trend of colorectal cancer incidence in California." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): e12528-e12528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e12528.

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e12528 Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence has decreased over the past three decades, due in part to screening for pre-malignant polyps. Relatively little is known about CRC incidence among adults under age 50 (when screening recommendations commence for average-risk individuals). We examined CRC incidence trends with a focus on adults under age 50, in order to identify high-risk subgroups. Methods: 231,544 incident CRC cases (including 21,220 adults <50) from the California Cancer Registry from 1988-2009 were analyzed. We assessed age-specific incidence rates by race/ethnic group
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Chesley, Christopher F., Marzana Chowdhury, Dylan S. Small, et al. "Racial Disparities in Length of Stay Among Severely Ill Patients Presenting With Sepsis and Acute Respiratory Failure." JAMA Network Open 6, no. 5 (2023): e239739. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9739.

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ImportanceAlthough racial and ethnic minority patients with sepsis and acute respiratory failure (ARF) experience worse outcomes, how patient presentation characteristics, processes of care, and hospital resource delivery are associated with outcomes is not well understood.ObjectiveTo measure disparities in hospital length of stay (LOS) among patients at high risk of adverse outcomes who present with sepsis and/or ARF and do not immediately require life support and to quantify associations with patient- and hospital-level factors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis matched retrospective coho
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Halmai, Nicole B., Hongyong Zhang, Paul C. Lott, et al. "Abstract C056: Characterizing the DNA methylome of gastric cancer among Hispanic/Latinos to advance cancer precision health equity." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 12_Supplement (2023): C056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-c056.

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Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While overall incidence and mortality rates have dropped in recent decades, GC remains a significant cause of health disparities for many racial and ethnic minority groups in the US, including Hispanic/Latino Americans (HLAs). Despite a high minority cancer burden, few FDA-approved targeted therapies are available for GC. This can be partially explained by limited availability of cancer genome data and patient-derived models from racial/ethnic minority populations, hampering therapeutic target identifi
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Poei, Darin, Aubree Mades, Iris Yao, et al. "Abstract A145: Race and sex disparities in lung cancer screening and evaluation of alternative identifiers in patients’ electronic medical record to better identify lung cancer screening candidates." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 33, no. 9_Supplement (2024): A145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp24-a145.

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Abstract Introduction: The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends lung cancer screening with a low dose CT scan in patients who are 50 – 80 years old with at least a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or quit in the last 15 years. Yet, only 5.8 percent of eligible Americans were screened in 2022. We investigated demographic screening patterns and evaluated for alternative identifiers in patients’ electronic medical record (EMR) to identify lung cancer screening candidates at a large and diverse cancer center in Los Angeles. Methods: We examined 607 patients with no
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Lui, Camillia K., Yu Ye, Joyce Gee, et al. "Unmasking Suicidal Ideation for Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander Youths Via Data Disaggregation." JAMA Network Open 7, no. 11 (2024): e2446832. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.46832.

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ImportanceSuicide is one of the leading causes of death for Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander adolescents, but because these individuals are analyzed in aggregate, potentially important differences in suicide risk are obscured.ObjectiveTo disaggregate Asian and Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander adolescents into racial and ethnic subgroups and compare risks of suicidal ideation between and within the subgroups.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used pooled data from 4-year public high school students (9th and 11th grade) participating in the 2017-2
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8

Zhang, Chenan, Quinn Ostrom, Helen Hansen, et al. "PDTM-33. EUROPEAN GENETIC ANCESTRY ASSOCIATED WITH RISK OF CHILDHOOD EPENDYMOMA." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (2019): vi194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.809.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Ependymoma is a histologically-defined central nervous system tumor most commonly occurring in children. Incidence differs by race/ethnicity, with individuals of European ancestry at highest risk. No large-scale genomic analyses of ependymoma predisposition have been conducted to date. We aimed to determine whether extent of European genetic ancestry is associated with ependymoma risk. METHODS In a multi-ethnic study of Californian children (327 cases, 1970 controls), we estimated the proportions of European, African, and Native American ancestry among admixed Hispanic and
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Zhang, Chenan, Quinn T. Ostrom, Helen M. Hansen, et al. "European genetic ancestry associated with risk of childhood ependymoma." Neuro-Oncology 22, no. 11 (2020): 1637–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa130.

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Abstract Background Ependymoma is a histologically defined central nervous system tumor most commonly occurring in childhood. Population-level incidence differences by race/ethnicity are observed, with individuals of European ancestry at highest risk. We aimed to determine whether extent of European genetic ancestry is associated with ependymoma risk in US populations. Methods In a multi-ethnic study of Californian children (327 cases, 1970 controls), we estimated the proportions of European, African, and Native American ancestry among recently admixed Hispanic and African American subjects an
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10

Navarro, Stephanie, Yifei Yang, Carol Ochoa, et al. "Asian American ethnic subgroup disparities in time to surgical treatment for breast cancer in the California Cancer Registry." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 28_suppl (2021): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.101.

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101 Background: Health risks and outcomes among Asian American patients are not adequately understood when Asians are treated as a homogenous ethnic group. This work is the first to explore trends in time to surgical treatment for breast cancer amongst Asian American ethnic subgroups. Methods: We used data from the population-based California Cancer Registry to identify a cohort of females diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 2012-2017 in California. Time to surgical treatment was defined as the time elapsed between definitive diagnosis of breast cancer and receipt of surgery. Covaria
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Mui, Paulani, Janice V. Bowie, Hee-Soon Juon, and Roland J. Thorpe. "Ethnic Group Differences in Health Outcomes Among Asian American Men in California." American Journal of Men's Health 11, no. 5 (2016): 1406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988316664508.

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The numbers of Asian American men are continually increasing, yet limited research exists on this understudied population. Addressing this lack of research is necessary to better inform how best to improve quality of care. This study examined health outcome differences across ethnically diverse groups of Asian American men in California, compared with non-Hispanic White men. Using data from the 2007, 2009, and 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey, distributions of health status and health-related characteristics across ( n = 43,030) racial/ethnic groups of men (Chinese, Japanese, Korea
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Navarro, Stephanie, Yifei Yang, Carol Ochoa, et al. "Breast cancer surgical delays in a racially and ethnically diverse California cancer registry cohort." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e12589-e12589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e12589.

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e12589 Background: Surgical delays for invasive breast cancer have been increasing over time and are associated with an increased risk of mortality. Black and Hispanic breast cancer patients are more likely to experience surgical delays than white patients; however, surgical delays among Asian ethnic subgroups remain unstudied. Methods: We used data from the population-based California Cancer Registry to identify all females diagnosed with stage I-III invasive breast cancer from 2012-2017. Our main independent variable was patient race/ethnicity, including five Asian ethnic subgroups. Covariat
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Kindratt, Tiffany, and Alexandra Smith. "STATE-BASED ESTIMATES OF COGNITIVE DIFFICULTY AMONG MIDDLE EASTERN AND NORTH AFRICAN AMERICANS." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 362. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.1178.

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Abstract Research on cognitive difficulty in the US focuses on racial/ethnic groups that comprise federal minimum reporting guidelines, including White, Black, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN), and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islanders (NH/OPI). Research on Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) adults is limited, and no state-based estimates have been reported. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of cognitive difficulty among MENA adults compared to other racial/ethnic groups in four states (California, New York, Michigan, and Texas) after adjusting f
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Rogoveanu, Raluca. "Expressive Enactments of Ethnic Membership in the Romanian-American Organizations from California." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 66, no. 2 (2021): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2021.2.18.

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"Expressive Enactments of Ethnic Membership in the Romanian-American Organizations from California. Centered on the missions and repertoires of the Romanian ethnic organizations in California, this study analyzes how Romanian-Americans negotiate their Romanian ethnicity as individuals and as members of organized groups. While describing ethnic organizations as loci of ethnic awareness, founded on the expressive identification of Romanian-ness in the American space, my focus is on the heterogeneous discourses of the most visible Romanian ethnic associations in California. This study identifies
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15

Abuelezam, Nadia N., Kristina L. Greenwood, Sandro Galea, and Raed Al-Naser. "Differential COVID-19 testing, admissions, and mortality for Arab Americans in Southern California." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (2022): e0267116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267116.

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Background Understanding of COVID-19 acquisition and severity risk in minoritized groups is limited by data collection on race and ethnicity; very little is known about COVID-19 risk among Arab Americans in the United States. Purpose To quantify whether Arab Americans in the El Cajon region of California experienced differential levels of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severity and mortality when compared to other racial/ethnic groups. Methods A retrospective study was conducted using Sharp Grossmont Hospital’s electronic medical records. Patients were included in the study if they were: 18 years of ag
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16

Bailey, Benjamin. "Language and negotiation of ethnic/racial identity among Dominican Americans." Language in Society 29, no. 4 (2000): 555–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500004036.

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The ethnolinguistic terms in which the children of Dominican immigrants in Rhode Island think of themselves, i.e. as “Spanish” or “Hispanic,” are frequently at odds with the phenotype-based racial terms “Black” or “African American,” applied to them by others in the United States. Spanish language is central to resisting such phenotype-racial categorization, which denies Dominican Americans their Hispanic ethnicity. Through discourse analysis of naturally occurring peer interaction at a high school, this article shows how a Dominican American who is phenotypically indistinguishable from Africa
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17

Paek, Min-So, Suhyeon Seo, and David Choi. "Factors affecting psychological distress among Asian American and non-Hispanic White older adults." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 47, no. 8 (2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8315.

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We examined factors affecting psychological distress in non-Hispanic White (n = 9,170) and Asian American (n = 1,417) older adults, using 2015–2016 California Health Interview Survey data. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that disability, poor/fair health, and neighborhood environmental factors, such as unsafe neighborhoods and low social cohesion, were significantly associated with psychological distress in both ethnic groups. People aged between 65 and 69 years, women, nonhomeowners, and those living at less than 200% of the federal poverty level had increased odds of psych
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18

Lee, Alice W., Jenny Chang, Sannia Siddiqui, Argyrios Ziogas, and Robert E. Bristow. "Abstract B178: Examining ovarian cancer survival by Asian American ethnic subgroup: An analysis of California Cancer Registry data." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 33, no. 9_Supplement (2024): B178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp24-b178.

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Abstract Background: Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecologic malignancies. However, outcomes are not the same for all women with studies showing Asian Americans having the highest survival across all major racial groups. Since the Asian American population is heterogeneous, we examined ovarian cancer survival by Asian ethnic subgroup using data from the California Cancer Registry. Most ovarian cancer survival studies evaluate Asian Americans as a single aggregated group, which may mask important ethnic-specific disparities. Methods: A total of 31,230 ovarian cancers diag
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Lee, Alice W., Jenny Chang, Sannia Siddiqui, Argyrios Ziogas, and Robert E. Bristow. "Abstract B177: Association between ethnicity and ovarian cancer tumor characteristics in Asian Americans in California." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 33, no. 9_Supplement (2024): B177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp24-b177.

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Abstract Background: Ovarian cancer is often associated with poor survival given that most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages when treatment is less effective. The disease is also very heterogeneous, consisting of various histologic subtypes that each have distinct epidemiologic and pathologic profiles. Given that some studies have noted ethnic-specific disparities in ovarian cancer survival when the Asian American population is disaggregated and certain tumor characteristics are associated with more favorable outcomes, we examined the relationship between Asian ethnic subgroup and ovar
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20

Zhou, Hong, Susan Murin, Danielle Harvey, and Richard White. "Effect of ethnicity and gender on the incidence of venous thromboembolism in a diverse population in California in 1996." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 93, no. 02 (2005): 298–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th04-08-0506.

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SummaryThere have been very few studies that have describe the epidemiology of first-time venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a large, ethnically diverse population. The California Discharge Data Set was used to identify a cohort of cases with incidentVTE in 1996. Cases associated with traditional provoking risk factors were identified and the remaining cases were labeled as idiopathicVTE. Direct standardization using census information was performed to compare incidence rates across races, gender, and gender within race. There were 21,002 cases with incident VTE in 1996, a crude incidence of 90 e
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Essien, E. James, Michael W. Ross, Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer, and Mark L. Williams. "Reported condom use and condom use difficulties in street outreach samples of men of four racial and ethnic backgrounds." International Journal of STD & AIDS 16, no. 11 (2005): 739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646205774763135.

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The epidemiology of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States has focused research attention on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered communities as well as on racial and ethnic minorities. Much of that attention has, however, been focused on specific racial and ethnic groups, and specific sexual minorities. We report on the results of a study that examined the association between condom use and partnership types among men from four major racial/ethnic groups. Self-reported data on sexual identity (homosexual, bisexual, and heterosexual) and condom use in the past three months were collect
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Parish, Thomas S., and James R. Necessary. "Perceptions of Ethnic Groups: Do They Vary as a Function of Respondents’ Gender and/or Ethnic Group Identity?" Journal of Social Studies Research 18, no. 2 (1994): 19–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/235227981994018002003.

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In the present study 151 college students were asked to describe their perceptions regarding how they act toward various ethnic groups (i.e., Native-American, European-American, Hispanic-American, African-American, and Asian-Americans). This was done in order to determine if hierarchies existed in their actions toward different ethnic groups and/or as a function of the respondents’ gender. The findings indicated that males—more so than females—acted significantly more negatively toward all ethnic groups. Regarding ethnic groups , however, only the African-Americans described themselves as acti
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Salsitz, Maureen. "Seasonal Ethnic Celebrations at Disney California Adventure from 2012 through 2017." Popular Culture Review 29, no. 2 (2018): 125–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2831-865x.2018.tb00236.x.

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ABSTRACTBy allocating more resources to ethnic celebrations, Disney California Adventure has reflected local demographic trends such as population increases of Hispanic/Latino and Asian groups, connecting the size and duration of each celebration to corresponding demographics within California. The Disney Company has reframed Traditional Disney Ideologies supporting white, middle‐class Americans to now reflect this increasing diversity and this illustrates the tensions between Disney's business goals for increased attendance and sales with the goals of ethnic inclusivity and multiculturalism.
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Croll, Paul R., and Joseph Gerteis. "Race as an Open Field: Exploring Identity beyond Fixed Choices." Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 5, no. 1 (2017): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2332649217748425.

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This paper uses new, nationally representative data to examine how Americans describe their own racial and ethnic identities when they are not constrained by conventional fixed categories. Recent work on shifting racial classifications and the fluidity of racial identities in the United States has questioned the subjective and cultural adequacy of fixed categorization schemes. Are traditional racial boundaries breaking down? We explore the possibility in three ways. First, we explore the relationship between open-field identification (asked at time of survey) with fixed-choice racial and ethni
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Joranger, Terje Hasle. "Migration, Regionalism, and the Ethnic Other, 1840-1870." American Studies in Scandinavia 48, no. 2 (2016): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v48i2.5451.

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This article shows accounts of Norwegian immigrants and their encounter with various ethnic groups in America including Native Americans, African-Americans, Chinese, Irish, and Yankees in the period between 1840 and 1870. The article presents several regions in the United States, namely the Upper Midwest, Texas, and California. The use of primary source material including newspapers, guidebooks and letters provide good insights into thoughts and attitudes, and not the least prejudice, among this Old immigrant group toward the ethnic “Other.” The Norwegian immigrant group aimed at becoming good
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Fought, Carmen. "Language as a representation of Mexican American identity." English Today 26, no. 3 (2010): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078410000131.

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Demographic data indicate that the English of Mexican Americans is destined to play a key role in the sociolinguistic study of language variation in the United States. In fact, Mexican American speakers are reported to account for more than 12.5% of the U.S. population. In 2003, the U.S. Census released data showing that Latinos and Latinas had replaced African Americans as the largest minority ethnic group in the U.S., and by 2007, 29.2 million Americans listed their ancestry as Mexican (Pew Hispanic Center, 2009). Moreover, in addition to the large numbers of Mexicans (first generation) and
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Alcalay, Rina. "Child Care Practices of Mexican-American Working Mothers: A Pilot Study." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 16, no. 2 (1996): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/eb3h-172p-cacm-a52a.

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There is scarce information on child care strategies among Hispanics in the United States. The purpose of this pilot study was to identify and understand child care practices in a sample of forty-five Mexican-American working mothers living in northern California by means of conducting six focus groups. Results included data on child care selection, problems, and preferences. Results also expose myths based on ethnic stereotyping that have obscured the understanding of this issue. Suggestions for further research are discussed as well as child care policy considerations.
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Leung, Cindy W., David R. Williams, and Eduardo Villamor. "Very low food security predicts obesity predominantly in California Hispanic men and women." Public Health Nutrition 15, no. 12 (2012): 2228–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012000857.

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AbstractObjectiveA high prevalence of food insecurity has persisted in the USA for the past two decades. Previous studies suggest that the association between food insecurity and obesity may vary by gender and race/ethnicity. We examined whether food insecurity was associated with BMI and obesity within gender and racial/ethnic groups in a large, diverse sample of low-income adults.DesignA cross-sectional analysis of a large population-based health survey. We compared the distribution of BMI and obesity by food security levels within gender and racial/ethnic categories.SettingData were derived
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Aitalieva, Nurgul, and Lauren Harding. "Race, Political Ideology, and Support for Defunding the Police in the United States." International Journal of Strategic Research in Public Administration and Organizational Process 4, no. 1 (2024): 47–61. https://doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijsrpaop.v4.i1.04.

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This study investigates public attitudes toward “Defund the Police” proposals amid U.S. protests against racism and police brutality. Analysis of 2021 General Social Survey data reveals that racial identity and political ideology significantly shape these attitudes. Black Americans demonstrate the highest support for defunding, followed by Hispanic Americans and other racial and ethnic minorities, reflecting diverse historical and cultural experiences with the government. Political ideology further polarizes opinions, with liberals more supportive and conservatives more opposed. These findings
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Mireles-Rios, Rebeca, Nichole Margarita Garcia, Isaac M. J. Castro, Monica Hernandez, and Rodolfo Cerda. "Racial Micro-Affirmations: Latinx Close Friendships and Ethnic Identity Development." Education Sciences 14, no. 7 (2024): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci14070737.

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Through analysis of semi-structured interviews of 30 Latinx college students, we examined how Latinx students experience belonging, acceptance, and affirmations at a Hispanic-Serving Research Institution (HSRI) in California. Drawing from the theoretical perspectives of racial micro-affirmations, we uncovered two major themes: the importance of close friendships and the impact that ethnic studies courses have on ethnoracial identity development. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion of the on-campus experiences of underrepresented students as well as how to best serve and affirm the
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Hoshiko, Sumi, Michelle Pearl, Juan Yang, et al. "Differences in Prenatal Tobacco Exposure Patterns among 13 Race/Ethnic Groups in California." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3 (2019): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030458.

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Prenatal tobacco exposure is a significant, preventable cause of childhood morbidity, yet little is known about exposure risks for many race/ethnic subpopulations. We studied active smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in a population-based cohort of 13 racially/ethnically diverse pregnant women: white, African American, Hispanic, Native American, including nine Asian/Pacific Islander subgroups: Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Filipino, Cambodian, Vietnamese, Laotian, Samoan, and Asian Indians (N = 3329). Using the major nicotine metabolite, cotinine, as an objective biomarker, we
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Pham, Christopher, Tse-Ling Fong, Juanjuan Zhang, and Lihua Liu. "Striking Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Liver Cancer Incidence Rates and Temporal Trends in California, 1988–2012." JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 110, no. 11 (2018): 1259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djy051.

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AbstractBackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by disparate risk patterns by race/ethnicity. We examined HCC incidence patterns and temporal trends among detailed racial/ethnic populations, including disaggregated Asian-American subgroups.MethodsUsing data from the population-based California Cancer Registry, we identified 41 929 invasive HCC cases diagnosed during 1988–2012. Patients were grouped into mutually exclusive racial/ethnic groups of non-Hispanic (NH) white, NH black, Hispanic, and NH Asian/Pacific Islander (API), as well as Asian subgroups of Chinese, Filipino, J
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DeRouen, Mindy C., Alison J. Canchola, Janet Chu, et al. "Abstract B138: Examining factors that contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in liver cancer within an EHR-based epidemiologic cohort linked to cancer registries." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 12_Supplement (2023): B138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-b138.

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Abstract Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in HCC risk have been documented, but disparities across detailed racial and ethnic groups and the relative contribution of these factors to HCC risk across those groups has not been assessed. We assembled a pooled, EHR-based cohort linked to cancer registry data to study disparities in HCC risk among detailed racial and ethnic groups and to examine the relative contribution of known and putative HCC risk factors to disparities in risk. Methods: Adults with at least one in-person encounter in 2000-2017 within three healthcare systems, San Fran
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Oswald, Austin, and Karen Fredriksen-Goldsen. "GENDER DIFFERENCES IN COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT OF AFRICAN AMERICAN AND HISPANIC SEXUAL AND GENDER MINORITY OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (2023): 1173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.3762.

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Abstract Cognitive health of sexual and gender minority (SGM) older adults with intersecting racial/ethnic minority identities is an under-researched topic. This research utilizes data from Aging with Pride: National Health Sexuality/Gender study to examine differences in health-promoting and risk factors for cognitive impairment among African American and Hispanic SGM older adults. Informed by the Health Equity Promotion Model, bivariate statistics and linear regression models were applied to better understand subgroup differences in cognitive impairment and risk and protective factors. Daily
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Estrada, Larry J. "Editor's Note." Ethnic Studies Review 22, no. 1 (1999): i—iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.1999.22.1.i.

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This issue of the journal takes a comparative look at the intersection of schooling, language, identity, and public policy as they impact ethnic minority population groups both domestically and internationally. In the first article Amara Holstein examines the social and political fallout of the recent anti-bilingual education initiative in California. Claimed by many as being anti-immigrant and anti-Hispanic, Holstein contends that this initiative falls within a broad, historical lexicon of nativist sentiment and backlash intended to disempower Hispanics and other linguistic minorities in the
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Hlinak, Matt. "El judo llega a California: judo vs. lucha en el oeste de los Estados Unidos, 1900-1920." Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas 4, no. 3 (2012): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v4i3.174.

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<p>This essay analyzes Japanese-American immigration into the American West through the prism of athletics, specifically by examining a series of contests between judoka and wrestlers from 1900 to 1920 in California. The popularity of these matches demonstrates the complex relationship between Japanese-Americans and the dominant European-American culture of the western states during this period. This complexity will be shown first by looking at the way in which martial arts are closely linked to national and ethnic identity. The strong barnstorming tradition in both judo and wrestling le
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Tran, Ann Ngoc. "Political Groceries: Supermarkets and Refugee Consumers in Little Saigon." Journal of American-East Asian Relations 32, no. 1 (2025): 62–88. https://doi.org/10.1163/18765610-32010005.

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Abstract Supermarkets in California Orange County’s Little Saigon are key sites in the negotiation of ethnic identity in Vietnamese refugee communities. Vietnamese supermarkets operate within global capitalist frameworks, while simultaneously serving as local spaces where community dynamics and ethnic identities are continuously redefined. This article outlines the economic, political, and social systems that structure refugee lives and undergird their right-wing and/or politically conservative positions. The study traces the supermarket industry post-World War ii and the role of Vietnamese re
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Parimi, Vamsi, Ann E. Elsner, Thomas J. Gast, et al. "Clinically significant macular edema in an underserved population: Association with demographic factors and hemoglobin A1c." Optometry and Vision Science 101, no. 1 (2024): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/opx.0000000000002096.

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SIGNIFICANCE Suspected clinically significant macular edema (SCSME) from exudates differed among ethnic groups in our underserved population. African American and Asian subjects had higher prevalence than Hispanics and non-Hispanic Caucasians, from the same clinics. Men had higher prevalence than women. Highly elevated blood glucose was frequent and associated with SCSME. PURPOSE We investigated the association between the presence of SCSME from exudates and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), as well as demographic factors such as age, sex, and ethnic group. Our population was underserved diabetic patien
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Hart, Erica A., Tracy Sbrocco, and Michele M. Carter. "Ethnic Identity and Implicit Anti-fat Bias: Similarities and Differences between African American and Caucasian Women." Ethnicity & Disease 26, no. 1 (2016): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.26.1.69.

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<p>Research using self-report or explicit measures of body image suggests African American women have a more accepting view of larger figures than non-Hispanic White (NHW) women. However, increasing research indicates that explicit views may vary from those held at a deeper, implicit level.</p><p>Our study examined whether African American women held an implicit negative bias toward overweight/fat individuals, despite a greater explicit acceptance of larger body size. Additionally, ethnic identity was measured to assess if strength of identity relates to bias. Anti-fat bias w
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Pravisay-Malmstadt, Catherine, and Connie K. Y. Nguyen-Truong. "Essential Engagement as the First Step in Gaining Entrée into the Laotian American Community on Cervical Cancer Screening." Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal 5, no. 3 (2020): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31372/20200503.1095.

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Asian American women, including Laotian American women (LAW), have the lowest rate of being up to date with cervical cancer (CC) screenings at 75% compared to other ethnic groups (85% White, 86% Black, 79% Hispanic, 79% American Indian/Alaska Native; American Cancer Society, 2019; Nghiem, Davies, Chan, Mulla, & Cantor, 2016). This rate is substantially lower than the national objective of 93% (Healthy People.gov, 2020). CC is highly treatable if caught early in the localized stage with a 91.8% 5-year survival rate (National Cancer Institute, n.d.). There is scant research on the incidence
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Lee, Alice W., Jenny Chang, Sannia Siddiqui, Argyrios Ziogas, and Robert E. Bristow. "Abstract B176: Are there disparities in adherence to treatment guidelines among Asian American ovarian cancer patients?" Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 33, no. 9_Supplement (2024): B176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp24-b176.

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Abstract Background: The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines reflect the most current and accepted standards for ovarian cancer treatment. Studies show that adherence to NCCN guidelines is associated with improved ovarian cancer survival. Asian Americans have been found to have higher ovarian cancer survival than non-Hispanic Whites although the likelihood of receiving adherent care appears to be comparable between the two racial groups. It is unclear whether there may be ethnic-specific differences in the receipt of adherent care among disaggregated Asian
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Martinez, Elena, Scarlett Lin Gomez, Alison J. Canchola, et al. "Changes in cancer mortality by race and ethnicity following the Affordable Care Act implementation in California." Journal of Clinical Oncology 40, no. 16_suppl (2022): 1500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.1500.

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1500 Background: Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has resulted in improvements in cancer outcomes but the extent to which these apply to specific racial and ethnic populations is unknown. We examined changes in health insurance distributions pre- and post-ACA and assessed cancer-specific mortality rates by race and ethnicity. Methods: The population included 167,181 newly diagnosed breast (n = 117,738), colorectal (n = 38,334), and cervix cancer (n = 11,109) patients younger than 65 years and 141,026 patients 65 years or older in the California Cancer Registry. Hazard rate ratio
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Zell, Jason A., Pelin Cinar, Mehrdad Mobasher, Argyrios Ziogas, Frank L. Meyskens, and Hoda Anton-Culver. "Survival for Patients With Invasive Cutaneous Melanoma Among Ethnic Groups: The Effects of Socioeconomic Status and Treatment." Journal of Clinical Oncology 26, no. 1 (2008): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.12.3604.

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PurposeAlthough uncommon, melanoma is associated with poor survival characteristics among African Americans and Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). Low socioeconomic status (SES) is also associated with poor survival among patients with melanoma, but it is not known whether this is because of SES itself or because of treatment disparities. We set out to determine this by using the large, population-based California Cancer Registry (CCR) database as a model.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a case-only analysis of CCR data (1993 to 2003), including a descriptive analysis of relev
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Khan, Adnan Ahmed, Raleigh Ayoolu Fatoki, Diane M. Carpenter, Joan C. Lo, and David M. Baer. "Clinical presentation of multiple myeloma by race/ethnicity and Asian subgroup in an integrated healthcare system." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (2021): e20012-e20012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e20012.

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e20012 Background: Several US studies have evaluated ethnic differences in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), but few have focused on populations other than non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks. We examined ethnic differences in a contemporary cohort of MM patients and their presenting laboratory findings in a large, insured, community-based population, including findings across Asian American subgroups. Methods: Using the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Cancer Registry, we identified all new cases of MM from 2010-2018 and obtained data on age, sex, race/ethnicity, Asian subgroup, and
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Dr., Joseph Abraham Levi. "The Many Identity Markers of Luso-Americans: Linguistic and Psychological Identities among First-, Second-, and Third-Generation Portuguese-Americans." International Journal of Arts and Social Science 3, no. 3 (2023): 277–301. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7721668.

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t: In this work, I shall look at how some communities of Luso-Americans across the United States use (or rather, feel about) the Portuguese language and mores and, as generations go by, negotiate Portuguese traditions in order to maintain, (re)create, and enhance their ties to their (lost or distant) Lusitanian heritage.1 I am particularly interested in how these hyphenated Americans leverage their ethnic, linguistic, racial, and psychological identities within multicultural, multiracial, and multilingual America.
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Park, Hyunjeong, Eunsuk Choi, Young-Su Park, and Jennifer A. Wenzel. "Racial and Ethnic Differences in Mental Health among Asian Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites: Based on California Health Interview Survey." Issues in Mental Health Nursing 39, no. 3 (2017): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2017.1379575.

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Bunt, Stephen C., Nyaz Didehbani, Cheryl H. Silver, et al. "73 Sex and Race/Ethnicity in Reporting of Lingering Concussion Symptoms by Adolescents." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 29, s1 (2023): 176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561772300276x.

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Objective:Consideration of individual differences in recovery after concussion has become a focus of concussion research. Sex and racial/ethnic identity as they may affect reporting of concussion symptoms have been studied at single time points but not over time. Our objective was to investigate the factors of self-defined sex and race/ethnicity in reporting of lingering concussion symptoms in a large sample of adolescents.Participants and Methods:Concussed, symptomatic adolescents (n=849; Female=464, Male=385) aged 13-18 years were evaluated within 30 days of injury at a North Texas Concussio
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Halmai, Nicole B., Hongyong Zhang, Paul C. Lott, et al. "Abstract 698: Establishing and characterizing patient derived models from racial/ethnic minority gastric cancer patients to advance cancer precision health equity." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-698.

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Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. While overall incidence and mortality rates have dropped in recent decades, GC remains a significant cause of health disparities for all major US racial and ethnic minority groups (Black/African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders, American Indians and Alaskan Natives), who are all at least twice as likely to be diagnosed with and die from GC compared to non-Hispanic whites (NHW). Despite such high minority cancer burden, few FDA-approved target
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Granillo, Christina M., David V. Chavez, Donna M. Garcia, and Kelly Campbell. "Ethnic and Immigration Status Differences on Child Indicators of Health for European Americans and Latinos." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 10, SI-Latino (2012): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v10isi-latino.1479.

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This study examined the possibility that ethnicity and immigration status were both related to perceived health and Body Mass Index (BMI) for Latino and European American children. Social identity and comparison theories were used to frame the investigation. A secondary data set comprised of Southern California parents was used for this study. A sample of 165 European American and 152 Latino parents were selected at random and completed a telephone interview about their children’s health. Compared to European Americans, Latino caregivers reported poorer general health and higher BMI for their
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Macías, Anthony. "Latin Holidays." Aztlán: A Journal of Chicano Studies 30, no. 2 (2005): 65–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/azt.2005.30.2.65.

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This essay recreates the exciting Latin music and dance scenes of post–World War II Southern California, showing how Mexican Americans produced and consumed a range of styles and, in the process, articulated their complex cultural sensibilities. By participating in a Spanish-language expressive culture that was sophisticated and cosmopolitan, musicians, singers, disc jockeys, impresarios, fans, and dancers rejected an Anglo-imposed cultural identity as racialized labor commodities, flirting instead with an appealing latinidad, or Latinness. Drawing on a deep tradition of cultural and musical m
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