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Journal articles on the topic 'Histochemical staining'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 April 2022

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1

Cowden, Ronald R., J. James, and J. Tas. "Histochemical Protein Staining Methods." Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 104, no. 4 (1985): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3226494.

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2

MATOSZ, Bianca, Flavia RUXANDA, Cristian RATIU, Adrian Florin GAL, and Viorel MICLAUS. "Presence of Granular Ducts in Mandibular Gland in Rabbit." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 74, no. 1 (2017): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:12614.

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The present study focuses on the intralobular ducts present in rabbit mandibular gland, from a histological and histochemical point of view. We harvested mandibular gland samples from five rabbits (approximately six month old), which were paraffin embedded and subsequently stained for histological investigation with hematoxylin-eosin. PAS and Alcian blue reactions were used for histochemical assessment. Results show that mandibular gland in rabbit contains one type of acini, namely serous. Concerning the intralobular ducts, there were three types identified: intercalated, granular and striated. Granules present in the cytoplasm of the cells lining the granular ducts appear acidophilic on hematoxylin-eosin staining procedure. Histochemically, granular cells present a moderately PAS positive material (meaning they secrete neutral mucosubstances) and negative staining to Alcian blue reaction (no acid and sulfated mucosubstances were detected). We highlighted the presence of granular ducts in rabbit mandibular gland, which synthesize neutral mucosubstances according to the histochemical reactions applied.

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3

Ferrante, R. J., N. W. Kowall, J. B. Martin та E. P. Richardson. "HISTOCHEMICAL STAINING PATTERNS IN HUNTINGTONʼS DISEASE". Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology 45, № 3 (1986): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005072-198605000-00067.

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4

Youngberg, George A., Ellen D. B. Wallen, and Tamar A. Giorgadze. "Narrow-Spectrum Histochemical Staining of Fungi." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 127, no. 11 (2003): 1529–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2003-127-1529-nhsof.

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5

Thornburg, L. P., M. Beissenherz, M. Dolan, and M. F. Raisbeck. "Histochemical Demonstration of Copper and Copper-Associated Protein in the Canine Liver." Veterinary Pathology 22, no. 4 (1985): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030098588502200405.

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Three different histochemical methods for copper detection were compared. Atomic absorption analysis was used to substantiate the tissue stains. There was good correlation between rhodanine staining and rubeanic acid-stained tissue sections. The orcein reaction for copper-associated protein did not consistently correlate with the methods demonstrating copper. Prolonged staining (72 hours) with rubeanic acid more consistently and clearly detected increased copper in canine livers than did staining with rhodanine. Seventy-two hour staining with rubeanic acid is the method of choice for histochemical detection of copper in canine liver.

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6

Simoes, Jose Pedro Cannas, and Polly Schoning. "Canine Mast Cell Tumors: A Comparison of Staining Techniques." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 6, no. 4 (1994): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879400600410.

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Twelve histochemical methods; affinity staining with avidin peroxidase, wheat germ agglutinin, and concavalin-A agglutinin; and an immunohistochemical stain with Kpl (CD68) antibody were compared for their relative effectiveness in staining canine mast cell tumors. Stains were compared in 28 mast cell tumors and 19 histiocytomas. The effectiveness of the histochemical methods and the lectins decreased as the mast cells became less differentiated. None of the staining methods were positive on histiocytomas. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) gave positive results in a few cases of mast cell tumors where other histochemical stains were negative. Although avidin peroxidase and Kpl antibody stained more mast cell tumors than any other method, they did not differ significantly from Luna's method, toluidine blue pH 0.5, toluidine blue pH 4.5, alcian blue pH 2.5, safranin O, Unna's method, and Giemsa. No stain was ideal for the diagnosis of canine mast cell tumors; however, this study suggests that the use of avidin peroxidase, Kpl antibody, and PAS may give additional information for individual poorly differentiated tumors without substantial increase in time or cost.

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7

Platt, Marvin S. "Imunohistochemical and Histochemical Staining of SIDS Case Tissues." American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 12, no. 4 (1991): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000433-199112000-00018.

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8

Bugelski, Peter J. "Sequential Histochemical Staining for Resident and Recruited Macrophages." Journal of Leukocyte Biology 38, no. 6 (1985): 687–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jlb.38.6.687.

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9

Kumar, Priti, Arvindhan Nagarajan та Pradeep D. Uchil. "Histochemical Staining of Cell Monolayers for β-Galactosidase". Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2019, № 3 (2019): pdb.prot095422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot095422.

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10

Dariush Fahimi, H. "Peroxisomes: 40 years of histochemical staining, personal reminiscences." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 131, no. 4 (2009): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-009-0562-8.

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11

Katoh, Kazuo. "Microwave-Assisted Tissue Preparation for Rapid Fixation, Decalcification, Antigen Retrieval, Cryosectioning, and Immunostaining." International Journal of Cell Biology 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7076910.

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Microwave irradiation of tissue during fixation and subsequent histochemical staining procedures significantly reduces the time required for incubation in fixation and staining solutions. Minimizing the incubation time in fixative reduces disruption of tissue morphology, and reducing the incubation time in staining solution or antibody solution decreases nonspecific labeling. Reduction of incubation time in staining solution also decreases the level of background noise. Microwave-assisted tissue preparation is applicable for tissue fixation, decalcification of bone tissues, treatment of adipose tissues, antigen retrieval, and other special staining of tissues. Microwave-assisted tissue fixation and staining are useful tools for histological analyses. This review describes the protocols using microwave irradiation for several essential procedures in histochemical studies, and these techniques are applicable to other protocols for tissue fixation and immunostaining in the field of cell biology.

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12

LeVine, Steven M., Hao Zhu, and Sarah E. Tague. "A Simplified Method for the Histochemical Detection of Iron in Paraffin Sections: Intracellular Iron Deposits in Central Nervous System Tissue." ASN Neuro 13 (January 2021): 175909142098216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1759091420982169.

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Although all cells contain iron, most histochemical methods fail to reveal the presence of iron within many cells of the central nervous system (CNS), particularly neurons. Previously, a sensitive method was developed that limited the extraction of iron in paraffin sections, and this method revealed staining within neurons. However, the staining was often too robust making it difficult to discern discrete intracellular structures. In 1970, a study incorporated acetone in an iron histochemical procedure to facilitate the demarcation of staining features. In the present study, both acetone and limits to iron extraction were included in a simplified staining procedure. This procedure was applied to paraffin sections of CNS tissue from CISD2 deficient and littermate control mice. Discrete nuclear and cytoplasmic staining features were detected in all mice. Although widely present in neurons, punctate cytoplasmic staining was particularly prominent in large neurons within the hindbrain. Evaluation of extended depth of focus images, from serial focal planes, revealed numerous stained cytoplasmic structures. Additionally, the simplified staining procedure was applied to paraffin sections from Alzheimer’s disease and control cases. Despite suboptimal processing conditions compared to mouse tissue, discrete staining of cytoplasmic structures was revealed in some neurons, although many other neurons had nondescript staining features. In addition, initial findings revealed iron deposited within some vessels from patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In summary, since paraffin sections are commonly used for histological preparations, this simplified histochemical procedure could facilitate the study of iron in various CNS conditions by revealing staining details often missed by other procedures.

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13

Couffinhal, Thierry, Marianne Kearney, Alison Sullivan, Marcy Silver, Yukio Tsurumi, and Jeffrey M. Isner. "Histochemical Staining Following LacZ Gene Transfer Underestimates Transfection Efficiency." Human Gene Therapy 8, no. 8 (1997): 929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/hum.1997.8.8-929.

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14

Danielson, Constance F., Ted Bloch, Geoffrey G. Brown, and Don-John Summerlin. "The Effect of Microwave Processing on Histochemical Staining Reactions." Journal of Histotechnology 13, no. 3 (1990): 181–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/his.1990.13.3.181.

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15

Fang, S., J. Christensen, J. L. Conklin, J. A. Murray, and G. Clark. "Roles of Triton X-100 in NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 42, no. 11 (1994): 1519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/42.11.7930535.

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Triton X-100 is widely but not universally used in NADPH-diaphorase histochemical staining. We investigated its effect on the staining and examined nitroblue diformazan (NBF) production under the influence of Triton X-100. Exposure of opossum esophagus, intestine, and colon tissues to Triton X-100 before staining enhanced staining of nerve cells and fibers and suppressed staining of non-neural structures. Long exposures and high concentrations nearly abolished the staining of non-neural structures and decreased the staining of nerves. The use of an incubation medium containing Triton X-100 achieved the best staining of nerve cells and fibers. Addition of Triton X-100 to the incubation medium changed its color from yellow to purple; in the presence of tissues, this color change occurred much more quickly. Spectral analysis showed that Triton X-100 increases the rate of NBF formation in the presence of tissue supernatant. Triton X-100 increases it less in the absence of tissue supernatant. Therefore, Triton X-100 improves the histochemical staining, probably by catalyzing the activity of NADPH-diaphorase, by keeping the extracellular NBF in solution and thus suppressing the staining of non-neural structures, and by increasing the permeability of cell membranes.

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16

Westphal, C., H. Böhme, and D. Frösch. "Glycogen staining on sections of aqueous-embedded cyanobacteria and muscle." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 33, no. 11 (1985): 1180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/33.11.2414363.

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We offer histochemical evidence that glycogen is preserved in the cytoplasm of cyanobacteria and muscle specimens that have been embedded in the water-soluble melamine resin Nanoplast for electron microscopy.

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17

Schimmer, Craig A., and Stephen C. Landers. "Histochemical Study of the Progenetic TrematodeAlloglossidium renale." Journal of Parasitology Research 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/245769.

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A histochemical study of the progenetic trematodeAlloglossidium renalehas demonstrated the absence of any secreted material between the adult worm and the host (freshwater shrimp) antennal gland tubules. Host tissue is affected only by the compression, abrasion, and ingestion by the parasite, and host tubule cells near the worm have the same staining patterns as those distant from the parasite. The trematode sometimes dies within the host, leaving a necrotic mass whose histochemical staining differs significantly from the living organism. In the necrotic mass, the only recognizable features were the ova and the vitellarium, which atrophied and resulted in tyrosine-positive staining within the mass. A melanin reaction was not observed in the host using a specialized ferro-ferricyanide stain. The only apparent host response to infection was a layer of damaged squamous host cells adhering to the necrotic worm. The results confirm benign host-parasite effects and a highly evolved relationship between the host and parasite, perhaps bordering on commensalism.

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18

Nesa, Francesco, Luca Poggi, Stefano Ferrero, and Alessandro Del Gobbo. "Thyroid Follicular Hyperplasia Associated With Massive Extracellular Mucin Deposition." International Journal of Surgical Pathology 25, no. 6 (2017): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066896917696747.

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Extensive extracellular mucin deposition is a rare pathological thyroid condition with 6 cases described in literature so far. We report another case of a 67-year-old woman, discussing histopathological features, and review the literature. Our findings showed a diffuse mucin deposition in the stromal compartment of thyroid parenchyma. Histochemical stainings showed positivity for Alcian blue staining, but not for periodic acid–Shiff staining. Our case is peculiar because this mucin deposition was associated with benign nodular hyperplasia, in contrast with the other 6 reports, which described the same stromal alterations associated with benign or malignant thyroid tumors.

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19

de Lima, Amanda L. R., Carmelita C. B. Cavalcanti, Mariana C. C. Silva, et al. "Histochemical Evaluation of Human Prostatic Tissues withCratylia mollisSeed Lectin." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/179817.

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Lectins, proteins which selectively recognize carbohydrates, have been used in histochemistry for the evaluation of changes in glycosylation in processes of cellular differentiation and/or dedifferentiation.Cratylia mollisseed lectins (Cramoll 1,4 and Cramoll 3), conjugated to horseradish peroxidase, were used as histochemical probes in human prostate tissues: normal (NP), hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate carcinoma (PCa). The staining pattern of Con-A and Cramoll 1,4 in BPH was more intense than in NP. These lectins also showed staining differences between BPH and PCa; the latter showing decreased staining intensity with an increased degree of malignancy. PNA and Cramoll 3 stained epithelial cells similarly in all diagnoses although they did present intense staining of PCa glands lumen. Corpora amylacea were not differentially recognized by any of the lectins. Cramoll 1,4 and Cramoll 3 seed lectins present themselves as candidates for histochemical probes for prostate pathologies when compared to commercial lectins such as Con-A and PNA.

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20

Vladutiu, Georgirene D., and Reid R. Heffner. "Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficiency." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 124, no. 12 (2000): 1755–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-1755-sdd.

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Abstract Background.—Partial succinate dehydrogenase deficiency (15% to 50% of normal reference enzyme activity) in skeletal muscle causes mitochondrial myopathy with various symptoms, for example, brain involvement, cardiomyopathy, and/or exercise intolerance. The deficiency may be isolated or may coexist with other respiratory-chain enzyme defects. The histopathologic assessment of succinate dehydrogenase activity in muscle biopsies of patients with suspected mitochondrial myopathies has focused on the finding of increased staining, usually in ragged-red fibers, rather than on reduced staining. Objectives.—To determine the prevalence of muscle succinate dehydrogenase deficiency among patients with respiratory-chain defects and to determine whether the reduced activity is present histochemically and is comparable to the quantitative reduction found in muscle homogenates. Patients and Methods.—One hundred eight muscle biopsies were evaluated from patients with suspected mitochondrial myopathies by qualitative histochemical analysis and quantitative biochemical analyses of respiratory-chain enzymes using standard methodologies. Results.—Fifty-two patients had defects in respiratory-chain complexes; of these patients, 12 (23%) had partial deficiencies in succinate dehydrogenase activity either alone or together with reductions in other enzymes. The reduced activity was detectable histochemically in muscle biopsies with residual enzyme activity of up to 34% of the normal reference activity, while 2 biopsies with higher residual activity (49% and 68% of normal) could not be distinguished from normal biopsies. Conclusions—Of the patients with respiratory-chain enzyme defects, 23% had partial deficiencies of succinate dehydrogenase activity in muscle biopsies. This reduction could be detected histochemically in biopsies in most cases. The marked prevalence of succinate dehydrogenase deficiency among patients with respiratory-chain defects and its detection initially by histochemical analysis are important findings.

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21

Hedreen, J. C., S. J. Bacon, and D. L. Price. "A modified histochemical technique to visualize acetylcholinesterase-containing axons." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 33, no. 2 (1985): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/33.2.2578498.

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An improved histochemical method for light microscopic demonstration of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) has been developed. Axonal, dendritic, and perikaryal staining are well delineated, both in areas of low AChE content, such as cerebral cortex, and in areas of high AChE content, such as neostriatum. Axonal staining, including arborizations, stands out against a clear background devoid of diffuse reaction product.

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22

DelGaudio, John M., William R. Carroll, James J. Sciote, and Ramon M. Esclamado. "Atypical Myosin Heavy Chain in Rat Laryngeal Muscle." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 104, no. 3 (1995): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949510400310.

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The myosin content of rat posterior cricoarytenoid and thyroarytenoid muscles was described by means of histochemical, immunohistochemical, and electrophoretic techniques. Laryngeal muscles were dissected and frozen, together with other muscles (extraocular, diaphragm, extensor digitorum longus, and soleus) for comparative purposes, then sectioned serially and stained: 1) histochemically for myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase reactivity and 2) immunohistochemically for myosin heavy chain (MHC) content with six different antibodies. Other portions of the muscle samples were electrophoresed by a glycerol sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique that separates the MHC protein into its specific isoforms. In electrophoretic comparison it limb muscles, the laryngeal muscles contained an additional MHC band we designated as type IIL (type II laryngeal) MHC. On histochemical and immunohistochemical staining, no fibers from the thyroarytenoid muscle and few fibers from the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle could be classified according to the standard fiber type categories established for limb muscles (types I, IIA, IIB, and IIX). These laryngeal muscle fibers appear to represent an atypical fiber type.

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23

Patel, V. M., L. A. Heinel, J. J. Provencio, P. E. Vinall, M. S. Kramer, and R. H. Rosenwasser. "Validation of image analysis for enzyme histochemical and immunocytochemical staining." Biotechnic & Histochemistry 77, no. 4 (2002): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/bih.77.4.213.221.

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24

Huang, Jiayi, Yi Hou, Tiancong Ma, et al. "A Novel Histochemical Staining Approach for Rare-Earth-Based Nanoprobes." Advanced Therapeutics 1, no. 1 (2018): 1800005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adtp.201800005.

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25

Sumi, Y., Masanori T. Itoh, Takeshi Muraki, and Takuro Suzuki. "Histochemical staining of cadmium with 2-(8-quinolylazo)-4,5-diphenylimidazole." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 106, no. 2 (1996): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050035.

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26

Manners, Ruth M., and Roy O. Weller. "Histochemical staining of orbicularis oculi muscle in ectropion and entropion." Eye 8, no. 3 (1994): 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/eye.1994.68.

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27

Patel, V. M., L. A. Heinel, J. J. Provencio, P. E. Vinall, M. S. Kramer, and R. H. Rosenwasser. "Validation of image analysis for enzyme histochemical and immunocytochemical staining." Biotechnic and Histochemistry 77, no. 4 (2002): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714028196.

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28

Sumi, Yawara, Masanori T. Itoh, Takeshi Muraki, and Takuro Suzuki. "Histochemical staining of cadmium with 2-(8-quinolylazo)-4,5-diphenylimidazole." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 106, no. 2 (1996): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02484404.

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29

Yang, Yan, Yiming He, Li Han, et al. "Application of histochemical stains for rapid qualitative analysis of the lignin content in multiple wood species." BioResources 15, no. 2 (2020): 3524–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.2.3524-3533.

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Rapid qualitative analysis was used to determine the influence of the lignin content of wood cell walls on the compression and bending properties of multiple wood species. The lignin type and cell wall content of Cunninghamia lanceolate, Fagus longipetiolata, Betula alnoides, Fraxinus mandshurica, and Tectona grandis was analyzed via histochemical staining, which included: the Mäule staining reaction, the Weisner staining reaction, and a fluorescence reaction. The results showed that the more red the Mäule staining reaction was, the greater the Syringyl lignin (S-type lignin) content was, and the more yellowish-brown the Mäule staining reaction was, the greater the Guaiacyl lignin (G-type lignin) content was. In addition, the more reddish-purple the Wiesner staining reaction was, the greater the lignin content was. The greater the brightness value of the fluorescence reaction was, the greater the lignin content was. Due to the negative correlation between the lignin content of the wood cell wall and the bending and compression properties of the wood, the application of histochemical stains for the analysis of wood lignin content could provide a reference and experimental basis for bending and compression treatments of various woods.

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30

Soliman, Soha A., Basma Mohamed Kamal, Alaa S. Abuo-Elhmad, and Hanan H. Abd-Elhafeez. "Morphological and Histochemical Characterization of the Dermal Plates of Pleco (Hypostomus plecostomus)." Microscopy and Microanalysis 26, no. 3 (2020): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927620001476.

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AbstractStudying the dermal skeleton in fish is valuable for phylogenetic specification. The current study describes the detailed structure of the plecostomus dermal skeleton, including its morphogenesis and distribution in the skin. The denticles have a crown and a basal part and are embedded in bony depressions, to which they are attached by denticle ligaments. During denticle morphogenesis, denticle papillae formed from denticle precursor cells align in two cellular layers: an outer ameloblast precursor layer and an inner odontoblast precursor layer. The ameloblast precursors and odontoblast precursors differentiate and secrete enamel and dentine, respectively. We used different histochemical techniques, including Crossmon's trichrome staining, Weigert–Van Gieson staining, periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining, combined Alcian blue (AB; pH 2.5)/PAS staining, Weigert–Van Gieson staining, Mallory trichrome staining, and AB staining to distinguish the dentine and denticle ligaments. We used acridine orange to detect lysosome activity during denticle eruption. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the denticle ultrastructure, and scanning electron microscopy was used to detect the topographic distributions of different types of dermal tissues in different anatomical regions.

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31

Sosnicki, A. A., G. J. Lutz, L. C. Rome, and D. O. Goble. "Histochemical and molecular determination of fiber types in chemically skinned single equine skeletal muscle fibers." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 37, no. 11 (1989): 1731–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/37.11.2530270.

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Until now, there has been no reliable method for histochemical determination of fiber types of single skinned muscle fibers. The major problem arises from the fact that most histochemical techniques use cross-sections of a large group of fibers and compare a given fiber with those surrounding it. This is not possible with a single skinned fiber which has been separated from a bundle to be used for mechanical analysis. A further problem is that the skinning procedure itself may alter the staining pattern. We have developed a procedure by which multiple cross-sections of single skinned fibers can be exposed to various histochemical reactions and the staining patterns compared on the same slide to those of frozen muscle and skinned bundles. By this procedure, three fiber types were distinguished by both Ca2+-ATPase and SDH reactions. The fiber typings determined from both enzyme systems correlated well with each other. Although we were able to differentiate only between slow and fast fibers by SDS-PAGE, these results corroborated the histochemical classification. This procedure will clearly be useful in skinned single muscle fiber mechanics experiments performed to determine functional differences among fiber types.

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32

Chandanwale, Shirish S., Shruti S. Vimal, Mohit Rajpal, and Neha Mishra. "A Unique Case of Diffuse Histiocytic Proliferations Mimicking Metastatic Clear Cell Carcinoma in the Hydrocele Sac." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 6, no. 01 (2014): 043–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2727.129091.

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ABSTRACTReactive histiocytic proliferations are extremely rare in paratesticular structures. Nodular histiocytic proliferations have been described in mesothelial-lined locations and only at few nonmesothelial sites. Diffuse histiocytic proliferations are described only in the pelvic peritoneum. We report the first case of diffuse histiocytic proliferation in the hydrocele sac of a 45-year-old man. Predominant histiocytes showed clear cytoplasm and signet ring-like change. Mucicarmin stain did not demonstrate mucin in the cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining showed nonspecific staining of these cells with carcinoembryonic antigen and negative staining with epithelial membrane antigen, pan-Cytokeratin, calretinin, cytokeratin 7, 20 and prostate-specific antigen. Strong diffuse cytoplasmic positivity for CD68 defined the mononuclear phagocyte nature of these cells. Diffuse histiocytic proliferations can occur in the hydrocele sac. Histochemical and IHC stainings are critical for accurate diagnosis and to avoid unnecessary surgery.

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33

Bai, Zhi Kun, Xue Chao Tian, Yun Kao Cao, and Ji Long Luo. "Histochemical Study of early Embryo Implantation in Mice." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 769–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.769.

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Implantation involves a complex process between the embryo and uterus and is crucial to further embryonic development. In this histochemical study, we investigated the early stage of embryo implantation and artiﬁcial decidualization in mice by the detection of total proteins and glycosaminoglycans using toluidine blue at pH 4.0 (TB) and Xylidine Ponceau at pH 2.5 (XP). TB staining showed mild metachromatic basophilia, which was more visible in the endometrial stroma around the implantation site in day 5 of pregnancy, and the level of glycosaminoglycans was more intense near the site of implantation on day 6, 8. Histochemical staining with XP was observed more intense in the stroma close to the site of implantation, especially in day 8 of pregnancy. At sites distant from the blastocyst were observed more discrete by staining with either TB or XP. Compared with TB, XP were more evident in the stroma around the uterine lumen under artiﬁcial decidualization. This study demonstrated changes in glycosaminoglycans and proteins by the detection of anionic and cationic radicals in the endometrial stroma adjacent to the site of embryo implantation during peri-implantation, post-implantation and artiﬁcial decidualization.

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34

Andersson, G. N., and S. C. Marks. "Tartrate-resistant acid ATPase as a cytochemical marker for osteoclasts." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 37, no. 1 (1989): 115–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/37.1.2461980.

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We present a modified histochemical method for staining osteoclasts and adjacent mononuclear cells which takes advantage of the recently described substrate specificity for ATP of osteoclastic acid phosphatase. Staining of osteoclasts using ATP as substrate exhibits by light microscopy the same tartrate resistance as conventional acidic phosphatases, without the bone surface staining seen with other substrates. This feature, coupled with specific staining of fewer vicinal mononuclear cells, makes this method potentially useful for studying osteoclast ontogeny and function.

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35

Cabibi, Daniela, Fabrizio Bronte, Rossana Porcasi, et al. "Comparison of Histochemical Stainings in Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis and Correlation with Transient Elastography in Chronic Hepatitis." Analytical Cellular Pathology 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/431750.

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Background and Aim. The best staining to evaluate liver fibrosis in liver hepatitis is still a debated topic. This study aimed to compare Masson’s trichrome (MT), Sirius Red (SR), and orcein stainings in evaluating liver fibrosis in chronic HCV hepatitis (CHC) with semiquantitative and quantitative methods (Collagen Proportionate Area (CPA) by Digital Image Analysis (DIA)) and correlate them with transient elastography (TE).Methods. Liver stiffness evaluation of 111 consecutive patients with CHC was performed by TE. Semiquantitative staging by Metavir score system and CPA by DIA were assessed on liver biopsy stained with MT, SR, and orcein.Results. MT, SR, and orcein staining showed concordant results in 89.6% of cases in staging CHC, without significant difference in both semiquantitative and quantitative evaluations of fibrosis. TE values were concordant with orcein levels in 86.5% of the cases and with MT/RS in 77.5% (P<0.001). No significant correlation between the grade of necroinflammatory activity and TE values was found.Conclusion. In CHC, SR/MT and orcein stainings are almost concordant and when discordant, orcein staining is better related to TE values than MT/RS. This suggests that elastic fibers play a more important role than reticular or collagenous ones in determining stiffness values in CHC.

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DE SOUSA, ALCEU MACHADO, CAROLINA RODRIGUES TEÓFILO, FRANCISCO ARTUR FORTE OLIVEIRA, et al. "Evaluation of Different Methods of Decalcification in Routine Staining, Histochemical Staining, and Immunohistochemical Assay of Bone." Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 120, no. 2 (2015): e100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2015.02.446.

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Hornstein, Eric P., Daniel L. Sambursky, and Steven C. Chamberlain. "Histochemical localization of acetylcholinesterase in the lateral eye and brain of Limulus polyphemus: Might acetylcholine be a neurotransmitter for lateral inhibition in the lateral eye?" Visual Neuroscience 11, no. 5 (1994): 989–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523800003928.

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AbstractThe distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the lateral eye and brain of the horseshoe crab was investigated with histochemical means using standard controls to eliminate butyrylcholinesterase and nonspecific staining. Intense staining was observed in the neural plexus of the lateral compound eye, in the lateral optic nerve, and in various neuropils of the brain. Nerve fibers with moderate to weak staining were widespread in the brain. No sornata were stained in either the lateral eye or the brain. The distribution of acetylcholinesterase in the supraesophageal ganglia and nerves of the giant barnacle was also investigated for comparison. Although both the median optic nerve of the barnacle and the lateral optic nerve of the horseshoe crab appear to contain the fibers of histaminergic neurons, only the lateral optic nerve of the horseshoe crab shows AChE staining. Other parts of the barnacle nervous system, however, showed intense AChE staining. These results along with the histochemical controls eliminate the possibility that some molecule found in histaminergic neurons accounted for the AChE staining but support the possibility that acetylcholine might be involved as a neurotransmitter in lateral inhibition in the horseshoe crab retina. Two reasonable neurotransmitter candidates for lateral inhibition, histamine and acetylcholine, must now be investigated.

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Jensen, Louise Kruse, Nicole Lind Henriksen, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Kasper Nørskov Kragh, and Henrik Elvang Jensen. "Combined Staining Techniques for Demonstration of Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm in Routine Histopathology." Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 3, no. 1 (2018): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jbji.22799.

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Abstract. Aim: Visualization of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm using histochemical staining and combined histochemistry (HC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC).Methods: The ability of S. aureus S54F9 to form biofilm was tested in vitro. Hereafter, infected bone tissue was collected from two different porcine models of osteomyelitis inoculated with S. aureus strain S54F9. The infection time was five and fifteen days, respectively. Twenty-five different histochemical staining protocols were tested in order to find the stains that could identify extracellular biofilm matrix. Protocols with an optimal visualization of biofilm extracellular matrix were combined with an immunohistochemical protocol based on a specific antibody against S. aureus. The combined protocols were applied to the tissue from the porcine models and to infected bone tissue from a child suffering from chronic staphylococcal osteomyelitis for more than a year.Results: S. aureus S54F9 showed an ability to form biofilm in vitro. Visualization of biofilm, i.e. bacterial cells and extracellular matrix in different colours, was seen when the immunohistochemical protocol was combined with Alcian Blue pH3, Luna and Methyl-pyronin green. The bacterial cells were red to light brown and the extracellular matrix either light blue, blue or orange depending on the histochemical stain. In the porcine models and the human case 10 and 90 percent, respectively, of the bacterial aggregates in a 100x magnification field displayed both the extracellular matrix and the bacterial cells simultaneously in two different colours.Conclusions: A combination of HC and IHC can be used to diagnose and characterise biofilm infections on a routine basis.

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Taufikurohmah, Titik, I. Gusti Made Sanjaya, Afaf Baktir, and Achmad Syahrani. "Histochemical Changes Liver and Kidney of Mice Exposed to Mercury and Recovery with Nanogold." Molekul 11, no. 1 (2016): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2016.11.1.197.

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The background of this research is the circulation cosmetic with mercury that occur today in society. The problem of the research is that occur histochemical’s damage liver and kidney after exposure to mercury, and is that nanogold can recovery that damage. The pre-clinical study needed 24 mice (Mus muscullus) were divided into 6 groups, the control is A group, B group was exposed to mercury, Groups C, D, E and F after being exposed to mercury, than recovery by nanogold with concentration each of 5, 10, 15 and 20 ppm. Exposure was performed 1 week and 4 weeks of recovery. Necropsy of mice doing after treatment, liver and kidneys are processed into preparations by blocking with paraffin embedding method. Histochemical staining of liver and kidney tissue with Hematoxylin eosin (HE) to determine changes of cell constituent and staining Van Geyson to determine the structure of collagen constituent. Statistics Manova showed different results between treatment groups. Tissue damage, lysis cell and destruction of collagen can be observed from histochemical techniques for mercury-exposed group compared to the control group. Tissue and collagen recovery process can be observed from group C, D, E and F. The conclusion that the effects of mercury one week exposed through skin give effect to collagen tissue damage at liver and kidneys of mice. 20 ppm of Nanogold can recovery damaged cells and collagen tissue from the liver and kidneys of mice after four weeks of recovery.

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Bascal, Z. A., A. Montgomery, L. Holden-Dye, R. G. Williams, and R. J. Walker. "Histochemical mapping of NADPH diaphorase in the nervous system of the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum." Parasitology 110, no. 5 (1995): 625–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000065343.

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SUMMARYNADPH diaphorase has recently been discovered to be responsible for neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase activity in mammals. It thus serves as a histochemical marker for the localization of NO synthase in the nervous system. The histochemical technique was used to map out potential NO-producing neurones in the nervous system of the parasitic nematode, Ascaris suum. Positive staining for NADPH diaphorase was present in various parts of the central nervous system, in particular within selective cell bodies and fibres in the ventral ganglion, the retrovesicular ganglion, ventral and dorsal cords and sublateral lines. Intense staining was also present in the motorneurone commissures, indicating a potential role for NO as a neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction. NADPH disphorase-positive neurones were not confined to the central nervous system. Selective staining was also present in the enteric nervous system, in particular the pharynx and in the peripheral nervous system innervating the sensory organs.

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Marie, P. J., and M. Hott. "Histomorphometric identification of carbonic anhydrase in fetal rat bone embedded in glycolmethacrylate." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 35, no. 2 (1987): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/35.2.3098835.

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Carbonic anhydrase was identified in bone-resorbing cells present in sections of fetal rat femur embedded in glycolmethacrylate. Using a slight modification of the Hansson's histochemical method, we demonstrated that most chondroclasts (91.8-95.4%) and osteoclasts (95.1-96.3%) display a positive histochemical reaction for carbonic anhydrase. This staining was consistently inhibited in the presence of very low concentrations (10(-6), 10(-7) M) of the specific inhibitor acetazolamide. The number of chondroclasts reacting for carbonic anhydrase was identical to the number of acid phosphatase-stained chondroclasts determined on adjacent sections. A large majority of osteoclasts (96.3%) stained for carbonic anhydrase and for acid phosphatase (97.2%), with more osteoclasts reacting for the latter enzyme than the former (76.8 +/- 8.5 (SD) vs 85.3 +/- 9.2 cells/mm2 of endosteal bone; p less than 0.01). The observation that acetazolamide at a concentration as low as 10(-7) M inhibited Hansson's reaction, together with our histomorphometric results, validates the use of histochemical staining for carbonic anhydrase to evaluate activity of bone-resorbing cells identified in plastic-embedded fetal bone tissue.

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Streit, W. J. "An improved staining method for rat microglial cells using the lectin from Griffonia simplicifolia (GSA I-B4)." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 38, no. 11 (1990): 1683–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/38.11.2212623.

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A simple method for the lectin histochemical visualization of rat microglial cells is described. Advantages include ease of fixation of brain tissue using paraformaldehyde, and rapidity of tissue processing by vibratome sectioning. Furthermore, in addition to providing good structural preservation, the method achieves improved lectin binding, resulting in complete labeling of all microglial cells and in superior visualization of cellular processes. The lectin histochemical technique for rat microglia has the potential to be adapted to any mammalian species, and should prove valuable for neuroscientists interested in studying this glial cell type.

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FLÜGEL, CASSANDRA, and ELKE LÜTJEN-DRECOLL. "Distribution of Carbonic Anhydrase in the Uterus of Late-Term Pregnant Spiny Dogfish (Squalus Acanthias)." Journal of Experimental Biology 158, no. 1 (1991): 531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.158.1.531.

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity was localized in the late-term pregnant spiny dogfish uterus using the modified histochemical staining method of Hansson. Staining was found in the cytoplasm of red blood cells and in the membranes of the endometrial epithelial cells. Under the electron microscope, reaction products were seen in the basolateral membranes of the superficial cells, whereas the apical membranes were unstained. The cells of the underlying layer contacting the stromal capillaries showed staining in all their membranes. This staining pattern is similar to that found in other epithelia noted for active ion transport.

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de Mera-Rodríguez, José Antonio, Guadalupe Álvarez-Hernán, Yolanda Gañán та ін. "Endogenous pH 6.0 β-Galactosidase Activity Is Linked to Neuronal Differentiation in the Olfactory Epithelium". Cells 11, № 2 (2022): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11020298.

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The histochemical detection of β-galactosidase enzymatic activity at pH 6.0 (β-gal-pH6) is a widely used biomarker of cellular senescence in aging tissues. This histochemical assay also detects the presence of programmed cell senescence during specific time windows in degenerating structures of vertebrate embryos. However, it has recently been shown that this enzymatic activity is also enhanced in subpopulations of differentiating neurons in the developing central nervous system in vertebrates. The present study addressed the histochemical detection of β-gal-pH6 enzymatic activity in the developing postnatal olfactory epithelium in the mouse. This activity was detected in the intermediate layer of the olfactory epithelium. As development progressed, the band of β-gal-pH6 labeling in this layer increased in width. Immunohistochemistry and lectin histochemistry showed the β-gal-pH6 staining to be strongly correlated with the immunolabeling of the olfactory marker protein (OMP) that identifies mature olfactory sensory neurons. The cell somata of a subpopulation of differentiated olfactory neurons that were recognized with the Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) were always located inside this band of β-gal-pH6 staining. However, the β-gal-pH6 histochemical signal was always absent from the apical region where the cytokeratin-8 positive supporting cells were located. Furthermore, no β-gal-pH6 staining was found in the basal region of the olfactory epithelium where PCNA/pHisH3 immunoreactive proliferating progenitor cells, GAP43 positive immature neurons, and cytokeratin-5 positive horizontal basal cells were located. Therefore, β-gal-pH6 seems to be linked to neuronal differentiation and cannot be regarded as a biomarker of cellular senescence during olfactory epithelium development in mice.

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Flanders, K. C., N. L. Thompson, D. S. Cissel, et al. "Transforming growth factor-beta 1: histochemical localization with antibodies to different epitopes." Journal of Cell Biology 108, no. 2 (1989): 653–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.108.2.653.

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We have localized transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in many cells and tissues with immunohistochemical methods, using two polyclonal antisera raised to different synthetic preparations of a peptide corresponding to the amino-terminal 30 amino acids of TGF-beta 1. These two antibodies give distinct staining patterns; the staining by anti-CC(1-30) is intracellular. This differential staining pattern is consistently observed in several systems, including cultured tumor cells; mouse embryonic, neonatal, and adult tissues; bovine fibropapillomas; and human colon carcinomas. The extracellular staining by anti-CC(1-30) partially resembles that seen with an antibody to fibronectin, suggesting that extracellular TGF-beta may be bound to matrix proteins. The intracellular staining by anti-LC(1-30) is similar to that seen with two other antibodies raised to peptides corresponding to either amino acids 266-278 of the TGF-beta 1 precursor sequence or to amino acids 50-75 of mature TGF-beta 1, suggesting that anti-LC(1-30) stains sites of TGF-beta synthesis. Results from RIA and ELISAs indicate that anti-LC(1-30) and anti-CC(1-30) recognize different epitopes of this peptide and of TGF-beta 1 itself.

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Michaels, John E., and Robert R. Cardell. "Cytochemical localization of glycogen phosphorylase activity in rat liver." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100147338.

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Glycogen phosphorylase (GP) is a key enzyme in liver glycogen breakdown. GP activity is altered with its state of phosphorylation. In the current study, the intralobular distribution of GP activity was observed histochemically in frozen sections of rat liver during fasting and after stimulation of glycogen synthesis.Normal and adrenalectomized (ADX) rats were fasted overnight to reduce liver glycogen to minimal levels. Fasted ADX rats received 2 mg dexamethasone (DEX) 0-8 h prior to sacrifice to stimulate glycogen synthesis. Liver was removed, rapidly frozen in isopentane cooled in liquid nitrogen, then cryostat sectioned. In order to determine sites of GP activity, sections were incubated in medium that contained glucose 1-phosphate as substrate. Under the incubation conditions used, GP synthesized glycogen as the reaction product. Glycogen was identified by two staining methods: 1) iodine staining has been shown to be rather specific for newly synthesized glycogen produced during the histochemical procedure (Figs.1-6), whereas 2) periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stained both native and nascent glycogen.

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Gowsik, Dr Kanimozhi, and Dr Archana V. "Comparison of various histochemical staining methods for identification of helicobacter pylori." Tropical Journal of Pathology and Microbiology 5, no. 9 (2019): 692–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17511/jopm.2019.i09.12.

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Goso, Y., and K. Hotta. "Dot Blot Analysis of Rat Gastric Mucin Using Histochemical Staining Methods." Analytical Biochemistry 223, no. 2 (1994): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abio.1994.1584.

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Sumi, Y., Masanori T. Itoh, Minoru Yoshida, and Yoshifumi Akama. "Highly sensitive chelating agents for histochemical staining of rare earth metals." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 112, no. 2 (1999): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004180050405.

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CHRISTENSEN, STEEN BACH, and INGE REIMANN. "DIFFERENTIAL HISTOCHEMICAL STAINING OF GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS IN THE MATRIX OF OSTEOARTHRITIC CARTILAGE." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Section A Pathology 88A, no. 1-6 (2009): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1980.tb02467.x.

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