Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire de la fiscalité'
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Al, Arja Rabih. "La fiscalité directe au Liban : Histoire et processus d'une modernisation." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30046/document.
Full textMany cultures contributed to draw the current Lebanese tax system. This system, where taxes differ according to the source of income, haven’t been reformed since the fifties. The predominance of indirect taxation is the main characteristic reflecting the disability to reach the tax base within the direct taxation.Under this perspective, a full revision of the taxation system seems to be crucial. This revision should take into consideration the specificity of the Lebanese economy based on tourism and financial sectors and where banking secrecy is very developed, the public finance gnaw at by the public debt burden and the budget deficit, and the geopolitical situation where Lebanon is located in the heart of a conflict region.Many reforms had been already undertaken; the VAT implementation in 2002 is the main indirect tax reform; the introduction of DASS and DGE are the reform undertaken on the direct taxes side.Moreover, the current reform aim to unify the different income tax under one global tax; this can lead to a better justice among taxpayers and therefore to an increase in tax revenues.The banking secrecy is an important challenge to this taxation. In fact, due to its major role attracting the foreign capitals, the abolition of this system is not currently considered. For this reason, the new law should figure out the appropriate conducts for a better application of the global tax.At this level, the Egyptian and the Tunisian experiences could be sources of inspiration. The first one regarding the tax audit on the revenues from movable capitals, commercial and industrial activities and the liberal professions. The second one related to the application of the “forecasted installments” and the “stopping at source”
Vimar, Jean-Gabriel. "Aux origines de la fiscalité moderne : le bas Moyen âge." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0355.
Full textThis thesis’ aim would be to know whether or not it is relevant to assume that the late medieval period saw the fleeting premises of our modern fiscality. The approach which has been selected will be at the cross-way between the classic approach of the historian and the more unusual approach typical of tax law study. According to quantitative criteria and qualitative criteria typical of twenty-first century, we will try to estimate the "modernity" of late Middle ages French fiscality
Watteyne, Simon. "La prédominance d'une fiscalité libérale en Belgique. Une histoire politique (1847-1962)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/321499.
Full textThis study traces the history of the political conflicts that punctuated the major orientations of taxation in Belgium, starting with the attempted tax reforms of the first liberal cabinet in 1847, during the Flanders crisis, and ending with the major reform of direct taxation in 1962. It also describes the main actors behind these political tax battles and their motivations. Finally, it makes a major observation: since the country's independence in 1830, Belgium has been built as a tax haven for Belgian and foreign movable capital. Supported by the financial and business elite, the Catholic conservatives and liberals, who held on to the portfolio of the Ministry of Finance throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, resolutely defended, with varying degrees of success, the predominance of liberal principles protecting movable fortunes placed in Belgium against tax policies: absolute respect for banking secrecy, non registered shares and bonds, lack of a cadastre of fortunes, moderate or even non-existent taxation of the various incomes from capital with almost systematically lower rates for foreign nationals, absence of a general tax on wealth.
Doctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Athané, François. "Le don : histoire du concept, évolution des pratiques." Thesis, Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100112/document.
Full textThe gift has been a major topic in anthropology and sociology of economics since Mauss’ The Gift. In the 1st chapter, the main notions of this writing (gift, debt, obligation, exchange) are studied in relation to Mauss’ commitment to socialism and mutualism, and to his vision of Bolchevism. The 2nd chapter looks at the gift in the works of C. Lévi-Strauss, Claude Lefort, Derrida, and in Kabylia’s ethnology (René Maunier, Bourdieu). The 3rd chapter defines the gift with respect to obligation, and differentiates it from other kinds of transfers of goods, such as taxes, fines, compensation, redistribution, and commerce, by looking at the works of Hobbes, Wittgenstein, David Lewis, J. R. Searle, Robert Lowie, K. Polanyi, M. Godelier, Alain Testart. The Potlatch and the Kula are examined in order to link technics, production, custom, political hierarchy and the circulation of goods. The 4th chapter treats the gift throughout the Middle Ages (by discussing the works of M. Bloch, G. Duby, Max Weber, N. Elias) : generosity, charity and alms. The role of the gift in the genesis of the tax system, the state and the church are studied. This gives way to a general classification of the transfers of goods. The concept of ‘metatransfer’ is defined, and its heuristic power is exposed. The final chapter investigates the necessity and universality of the gift, compares transfers of goods between humans to transfers of resources in the animal societies (reciprocal altruism, kinship altruism, group selection, sexual selection of caring, works of Wynne-Edwards, J. Maynard Smith, William Hamilton, F. De Waal), and examines the possibility of naturalizing the gift
Engle, Eric [Verfasser]. "La théorie et histoire de la fiscalité aux USA: La nouvelle orthodoxie economique / Eric Engle." München : GRIN Verlag, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1188023349/34.
Full textEngle, Eric A. [Verfasser]. "La théorie et histoire de la fiscalité aux USA: La nouvelle orthodoxie economique / Eric Engle." München : GRIN Verlag, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:101:1-2019060703072205860629.
Full textBransbourg, Gilles. "Fiscalité et enjeux de pouvoir dans le monde romain." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0002.
Full textWith a clear reference to long term Braudelian historical perspectives, that dissertation aims at an approach of ancient societies' economic history that is as dynamic as it is usually considered for modem societies. With a complete disregard for the classic primitivism -modernism controversy, it is analysing the progressive emergence of a political economy of the Roman State. A contribution-based system is replacing the predatory step at a scale in geographical, complexity and legislative terms never reached before and not to be met again before Modem Times. Getting a share of the fiscal surplus became the main factor behind the conflicts opposing the different ruling classes of Imperial Rome. It is thus essential to examine the interactions between armies, cities, central power, great landowners and eventually the churches. Since money played a more and more important role in mediating wealth circulation, monetary and taxation policies got intimately embedded together. This work leads to numerical and dynamic results regarding the evolution of monetary aggregates, taxation rates and imperial budget. Noticeably, comparing the two latter would imply that the Empire population was barely living at survival rate. This is quite opposite to our estimate of the overall degree of prosperity. In reality, provincial powers were able to capture a significant share of tax revenues, although our sources confuse tax levies and public spending. What is thus at stake is how that 'black matter' gets effectively shared between these different layers of powerful power classes and how it shapes the political conflicts of the Roman society
Carytsiotis, Marie Myriam. "Histoire et économie d'une île-monastère : Patmos XIe - XVIe siècles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0614.
Full textHistory and economy of a monastery-island: Patmos (11th - 16th century). It is widely accepted that around the year 95 A.D, John the apostle was sent to exile to Patmos by the emperor Domitian. John the Evangelist is said to have written the Apocalypse on this island. From the next 1000 years or so, the island was treated with relative indifference by outsiders. It was in the 11th century, under Byzantine rule, that the island of Patmos came to life with the arrival of the monk Christodoulos to whom emperor Alexis I Comnenos gave the island. There, in the year 1088, he had the monastery St John the Theologian built.It was at this point that the island underwent a radical transformation, its daily life being dictated by the rhythm of the monastery, hence the title of our thesis : "monastery-island".This lays the foundation of our work which offers a study of the activity of the island up until the Ottoman occupation in the 16th century. For the next five centuries, Patmos is subjected to the successive Byzantine and Venitian dominations, however the monastery makes sure to remain independant. We will thus reflect upon the means used by the monks to maintain control over their island, along with both the economical and cultural consequences that arose from them
Saadoun, Ratiba. "La privatisation des entreprises industrielles en Algérie : analyse, histoire et développement." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO22007/document.
Full textThe privatization of industrial enterprises in Algeria was initiated in 1995 by the SAP (Structural Adjustment Program) applied to an economy that was insolvent. The privatization of companies under the aegis of the IMF and the World Bank had therefore the main objective to reduce government expenditure in order to restore the balance of both state budget and external accounts in the context of an economy in the process of gradual liberalization. The SAP measures including privatization are not integrated into an industrial policy. In 2001 an ordinance stipulates that all companies can be privatized. A turning point was however observed in 2007 because privatization is integrated into an industrial policy. Privatization must now help to stop the deindustrialization that began during the 1980s and exacerbated by the SAP and to improve the competitiveness of the Algerian economy. After a failure, the privatization results improves by a quantitative point of view (from 2005) and qualitative (non-hydrocarbon FDI), especially in 2007, as shown in our assessment that is global, and dealing also in details of cases of privatized enterprises. However, since 2008, the "business climate" marked by legal instability, interventionism, the global economic crisis does not seem conducive to a privatization that could help the Algerian industry to go out of its dependence on hydrocarbons. We conclude that despite a few successes, the privatization of enterprises in Algeria failed because these last ones have not benefited from prior strategic restructuring. In addition, privatization has not been supervised by effective institutions and industrial policy
Jaudon, Bruno. "Les compoix de Languedoc (XIVe-XVIIIe siècle) : pour une autre histoire de l'État, du territoire et de la société." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30054/document.
Full textThe Languedoc compoix are, for medieval and modern times, the forerunners of actual land registers. Prior to the French Revolution, they were potentially used as fiscal tools by each one of the Province 2700 former municipalities. This documentary source has been widely used by historians, at first by Albert Soboul and Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie for economic and social investigations. But the own history of the compoix has never been written before. However it acts as a prism able to show a lot of facets in ancient Languedoc political, institutional and social life evolutions – and this nearly over five centuries. As they were created to distribute the land tax between taxpayers, the compoix constitute an observation point of the way a provincial society puts up with the State development. They were elaborated to identify the landowners and they crystallize many stakes in the sociability of urban and rural communities. As they were carried out by listing land plots and the nature of their land use, they talk about space such as we all visualize it, and deal about the evolving conception of territories. The compoix are the transceivers of the slow, deep and sometimes jerky changes in the ancient societies, which ordered to make these registers. The Languedoc only constitutes a convenient vantage point to gaze at the French Kingdom internal building, by developing the State, its administration, its institutions and finally its relationships with local populations and territories under its authority
Seree, de Roch Ludovic. "La modernisation de la fiscalite en france (1914-1926), l'exemple du midi toulousain." Toulouse 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU10033.
Full textUpdating a financial system is one of the most important economic, financial, and political problems a government may have to face. The law passed on july 15, 1914, laid the fundamental principle of an income tax. In spite of innumerable difficulties, w. W. I made this inevitable change possible, a change which was accepted and applied. Thus an ancient tax system which, for more than a century, had been the financial foundation of a country, was completely transformed, and the most profound fiscal reform since the revolution was implemented. New direct taxes, based on modern principles were instituted : a general income tax, scheduled taxes, a tax on war benefits. The reform also included indirect taxes imposed on transactions, luxury goods, wines and spirits, a turn-over tax, to which will be added taxes on the production of coal, fertilizers, coffee and tea, on the slaughtering of animals, on entertainments, gambling. . . Over the years, the turn-over tax, which was originally +subsidiary; to the reform, turned out to be a step at least as important as the creation of an income tax. This dissertation deals with the national and local aspects of this updating through the example of the toulouse area. These synthetic taxes are the fruit of a social and cultural determinism, linked to considerations relating to the administration, book-keeping, politics, finances, the budget and money. Economic conditions, the evolution of the role of the state, the changes in mental habits, play an essential part. The analysis ends with the poincare reforms of august 1926 which settled war-debts. While stressing the break with the past, the dissertation brings forth many examples showing that there is however a continuity between old and new taxes
Waquet, Jean-Claude. "Le système des finances toscanes sous les derniers Médicis (vers 1670 - vers 1750) : recherches sur la stabilité des institutions dans les anciens Etats italiens." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010548.
Full textThis work relies on two principal assumptions: 1 the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries were not for the granduchy of Tuscany an age of decline, but a period of stability; 2 early modern finances need studying leaving aside most of the modern theory of public finance. The interest focuses mainly on : taxes, public credit and treasury. The ties between the financial stability and the political organization are made apparent
Girardin, Michaël. "L’offrande et le tribut : la représentation de la fiscalité en Judée hellénistique et romaine (200 av. J.-C. – 135 apr. J.-C.)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0302.
Full textTaxes are important matters for understanding relations of power in Hellenistic and Roman Judaea, not only because of its economic burden, but above all because of its ideological sides: to tax a population means to pretend being its master. In Judaea, a first look to the sources let believe that many saw with a bad eye the foreign tribute, while the temple of Jerusalem exacted some revenues supposed to return to God, the sole proper master of Israel. However, a close examination proves the polemical sides of such a declaration: this dialectical opposition between the revenues of the shrine and the ones returning to foreigners is an ideological construction, whose purpose is to furnish a legitimation to the political opposition. Appeared at the time of the Maccabean uprising and used for theologically founding the war, this rhetorical instrument is visible, with some variations, in each protest movement until Bar Kokhba. But the sources hide some indications that let see that not everyone shared this view, and that, in the facts, the “offering” is not more cheerfully paid that the “tribute”. The purpose of the present dissertation is to underline the social, economical, financial and political implications of this representational construction, since the conquest of Judaea by Antiochos III, until the disappearance of the Judaea in 135 C.E
Zerner, Monique. "Le Cadastre, le pouvoir et la terre : une expérience fiscale en Comtat Venaissin au début du 15eme siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX10081.
Full textAt the beginning of the year 1414, a few months before the opening of the constance council, the three estates of the comtat venaissindecided to launch a general survey of all the possessions (lands and revenues), whatever their status, lay, clerical, noble or alien, in order to revise the tax assessments. The estimation was done village (or town) by village, and the books (called cadastres in modern catalogues) were finished and handed to the notary of the three estates in 1415. In spite of the insistence of the rector, they could never be made operational. In 1419, in the aftermath of the election of martin v, a new tallage allocation was instituted, which took the castres into account only inasmuch as the communities were concerned. The first part of the thesis, "the meaning of the text: une affaire d'etat", shows what upheavals were implied by the manufacture and use of the cadastres, how they triggered a crisis which led to the affirmation of its privilege by the nobility. As for the cadastres, they were definitively left aside. The second part of the thesis, "the object of the text: the land", takes into account the quantitative data of the cadastres in order to study the land's occupation (one can see the prevalence of arable land, as well as the far greater importance of vineyards as compared to the nineteenth century situation, and some trends toward specialization), and also to study the distribution of the land (one can see it is extremely parcelled). The third part of the thesis, " beyond the text: praxis", is an attempt to rediscover the relationships between cultivation and possession, by the way of a comparison of these cadastres with actually contemporary notaries' records- this is possible in eight villages and town out of forty six the cadastre of which is still available. Modern praxis emerges, with a significant involvment of nobility
Llamazares, Martín Andoni. "La politique fiscale romaine en Sicile et en Sardaigne et ses conséquences socio-économiques : de la deuxième guerre punique jusqu'à Auguste." Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01H041.
Full textThis thesis analyzes the characteristics of Roman taxation in its two first overseas provinces since their conquest in the 3rd century B.C. until the end of the Republic. It introduces a vast quantity of sources and material to properly evaluate the nature of the economy in Sicily and Sardinia-Corsica and the Roman policy. ln conclusion. a balanced research is achieved between the characteristics of the central Roman policy and the many varieties that its local application produced, due to the social. cultural, political and economic differences in each area. A coherent tax policy is visible, which develops concurrently in both provinces since the Second Punic War, and consisted basically in the promotion of cereal extensive production, aimed at the supply of the Roman army first, and the Roman urban population afterwards. This economic policy was possible thanks to the existence of a previous taxing culture that facilitated the exactions in kind, namely the Syracusan Lex Hieronica. which was generalized and systematized during the last years of the 3rd century into the agrarian tithe. Moreover, a series of mechanisms were gradually created by the Roman administration to reinforce this role of Sicily and Sardinia. All these elements constitute a clear tax policy that affected the whole economy of both territories. ln practice, the establishment of these measures supposed the support by the administration of many programs that increased the amount of land devoted to cereal agriculture m Sicily and Sardinia, therefore reducing the area available for the rest of rural activities, and most notably herding. The consequences of this process were varied among local communities: whilst some individuals enormously benefitted from the opportunities offered by the new situation (c.g provincial oligarchs owning great amounts of land and Italic businessmen investing in agriculture. finance or commerce). many others were seriously damaged (the most evident example. the indigenous stockbreeding communities of rural Sardinia)
Delmaire, Roland. "Les responsables de l'administration financiere au bas-empire." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040084.
Full textTherrat, Sylvain. "Les institutions villageoises du Forez (XVIe- XVIIIe siècles) : d’une grande autonomie à l’insertion dans les nécessités et le contrôle de l’État moderne." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30059.
Full textTax district almost overlapping the parish in a land of personal taxes, the rural community is, with the lordship, the main pole framing the rural life.Enjoying considerable independence in the early days of the sixteenth century, the villages of Forez are very weakly institutionalized and the life of their institutions is based on a confusion of all bonds in one common place of deliberation. However they will be faced with the centralization effort undertaken by the monarchy. Their institutional functioning, rudimentary, based on a single meeting, and consuls elected to fulfill the collective obligations of the village, will yield to the constraints imposed on them by the modern state and its ever-increasing weight of taxation. The autonomy of villages will therefore decline as an absolute monarchy was strengthened.Thus, until the 1670s, the institutional life of the villages of Forez is essentially internal. The increasing encroachment of outside authorities, however, leads to greater control over the effectiveness of the obligations imposed on the village. This double bind, more onerous obligations and increased control, brings transformation of village institutions. Their organization will be more identifiable but operating in a radically different way : compactness that characterized the village was then lost in an institutionalized participation
Vedrine, Claire. "Fiscalité et environnement." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20205.
Full textSerandour, Yolande. "Mariage et fiscalité." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN11016.
Full textSioncke, Yoann. "Fiscalité et innovation." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D082.
Full textToday, innovation is one of the essential variables of the growth of the economy and employment. However, its financing is complex. This justifies the intervention of public authorities. In France, the public powers therefore have two main tools for encouraging companies to increase their R&D expenses, direct aids (and similar) and tax incentives. However, the main mechanism in support of innovation in France is a fiscal aid measure, namely the research tax credit. A powerful instrument for encouraging R&D since 1983, it has become, since its last major reform in 2008, the preferred incentive measure of companies and, at the same time, the State's second leading expenditure. A departure from anonymity followed by a step into controversy, since due to its increasing weight within the French economy, the research tax credit is prompting many questions. The most widely-shared question naturally relates to the reality of its efficiency, with supporters and detractors in equal measure. But this mechanism also elicits other questions and other observations. Since while it seems to be agreed that this credit offers many advantages for its beneficiaries, the fiscal security of the latter nevertheless appears to be fragile. Moreover, the very choice of a fiscal expenditure as a support measure is of concern, both with regard to its actual advisability within the internal order and in terms of its linkage with the European regulations relative to State aid. This could justify an adaptation of the mechanism on the basis of the provisions of another system used in another sector, but that does not currently have the same deficiencies as the research tax credit
Pinaud, Pierre-François. "Histoire des finances publiques au 19e siècle : le Ministère des Finances : 1789-1870 : techniques financières et prosopographie des gestionnaires." Paris, EHESS, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995EHES0005.
Full textBehind a big evolution complexity from 1789 to 1870, the public finance were always updated during eighty years. This reform went throw the new ministry of finance, the treasury, the "inspection generale des finances", the court of accounts and "receveurs generaux" creating. In all department new service were created to collect taxes. From 1789 to 1870, a new tax system was created. Public finance idea was borned during this period. The administrators biographies showed the continuation of the "ancien regime" dynasty and especially among directors, state accountants. The "financial revolution" was finished only on 1830 when a new state of the public finance was created. Thepublic finance during the first half of xix century existed only to play the transition between the "old" public finance came from xviii century and the xx century modernism. The public finance search a new identity between rupture and continuation
Pellas, Jean-Raphaël. "Fiscalité et service public." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010266.
Full textThe financing of cultural activities through taxation undergoes mutations that affect the very essence of public service culture. Both the tax that the public service culture are vectors of social cohesion. On the one hand, the tax connects the individual to a political community and social ties rooted in body of constitutional rules. But in recent decades, this link penny loosens the pressure resistance to tax. The adoption of new own paradigms to provide consent to taxation does not seem sufficient to stem tax avoidance. On the other hand, cultural public policy of the State, which is a factor of social cohesion around cultural identities are fragmented in the same time, to the point that a multiplication of decision making bodies in the cultural field has seen the day during the last thirty years. This institutional arrangement, polycentric, led the state to adopt new governance models making it more permeable hybridization of its work with the private sector. The scarcity of public resources allocated to support cultural activities weaken in times of cri sis, the fulfillment of cultural interventions of the state. The new tax regulation model that tends to b1ing about a procedural legitimacy of the tax, in the absence of cognitive legitimacy, combined with the new cultural mode! which involves increasing participation of the management of cultural activities by the private sector leads to a reordering of cultural public action. By using private financing techniques including sponsorship background, including conservation and development of cultural heritage value is weakened to market risk. The cultural state is no longer collection of the market but is confined to a strategist State posture. Paradoxically, the commodification of cultural property, accentuated by tax incentives, unfolds as to blur the public cultural action of the catalyst state of cultural identities
Bomba, Matongo Aimé. "La fiscalité du Congo." Paris 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA020128.
Full textThe tax system is of paramount importance in social life and the functioning of the state. It's made of variegated taxes and other contributions the product of which alloted to cover public offices. Yet nowadays the tax is not supposed to be confined in an exclusively financial role. It'worth having a multidimensional approach to it. To have a good grasp of tax system, one has to take into account its institutional aspects as well as social ones. As an ambivalent phenomenon, the tax not only takes the exact shape of social organization but also makes collective interests be carried out through the missions of public power. Tax laws consequently succeed in promoting a close connection between the state citizens-taxpayers. For that matter, the system happens to act as a pump in charge of collecting funds which are shared out by the state in the form of estate and services in aid of citizens. Therefore, fiscal mechanism in every respect, end at the crossing of benefits. Vouching for the financial capacity of the state, tax laws serve as a socio-economic regular as well. It's a means of taking action the political power makes use of to favour some socio-economic aims. In the final analysis, it's important that tax laws not to amount to a compilation of texts, except to facts. To put it in a nutshell, one can state that it needs a substancial principle, otherwise a true political will power people lack for in the congo
Chaoui, Hanan. "Fiscalité et création culturelle." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE0050.
Full textThe support for the cultural sector and, a fortiori, the encitive measures taken to promote cultural creations have created a competitive environment with stakes that go well beyond the bounds of the cultural economy. The heated discussions about cutural exception are good evidence of this issue. With this context in mind, we wonder whether the tax system, which is supposedly an objective matter, can be used to support cultural creations, a matter considered as highly subjective. We will see that even though tax-related spending take into account the specific characteristics of the cultural sector, the limits set by fiscal interventionism make it difficult isolate tax measures aimed at promoting cultural creations. In fact, tax systems with a specific orientation, which are undergoing drastic changes, are at present the only ones that provide a help specifically targeted at cultural creations, a help that involves directly taking care of their financing
Pezet, Fabrice. "La fiscalité et le marché. De l’Etat fiscal à la fiscalité de marché." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0098.
Full textNational tax systems are usually built upon the relation between State and Taxpayers. Laying at the foundations of the Fiscal State (what German doctrine calls Steuerstaat), this relation structures the very organization of the tax system which has to take taxpayer’s ability-to-pay into account. The affirmation of the fiscal scope of Internal market has led to question this relation’s exclusivity to force national tax systems to comply with Internal market’s goals. Based on the principle of primacy of the European Union Law, “market taxation” (fiscalité de marché), i.e. a whole set of tax rules going with the construction and the proper functioning of the Internal Market, weakens Fiscal State’s main principles. While “market taxation”’s principles are based on the fiscal scope given to freedoms of movement and undistorted competition and follow the Internal market’s goals, the Fiscal State is centered around the taxpayer. It is necessary to assess the relation between these possibly conflictual rationales by researching whether Fiscal State’s main principles go against those of “market taxation”. “Market Taxation” effectively leads to deep changes in the functioning of tax systems by enforcing a whole neutrality on the market. Nevertheless, Fiscal State’s foundations, in particular the legal obligation of taking taxpayers’ capacity-to-pay into account, are not disputed. Fiscal State’s continuity invites to examine how to organize its coexistence with “market taxation”’s principles
Arefiev, Nicolay. "La fiscalité optimale du capital." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136505.
Full text• Nous trouvons la solution du problème de fiscalité optimale dans une économie qui accumule du capital humain. Tous les principes de la fiscalité optimale sont révisés. Au niveau microéconomique, les conditions du premier ordre du problème de Ramsey sont révisées. Au niveau macroéconomique, le taux de taxation du rendement du capital physique n'est pas zéro même si les préférences sont homothétiques. Les ressources investies dans le capital humain sont taxées. Même le principe d'efficacité de production n'est pas respecté.
• Nous cherchons le taux optimale de taxation du rendement du capital dans une économie où il y a une recherche de rente. Nous montrons que l'intervalle dans lequel varie le taux optimal de taxation du rendement du capital est assez étroit, et un taux de taxation égal à zéro semble une bonne approximation de la réalité.
• Nous aussi donnons des nouvelles explications intuitives de résultats connus sur la fiscalité optimale.
Balle, Thierry. "Entreprises en difficulté et fiscalité." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GREND011.
Full textEntreprise insolvency proceedings are growing up, unfortunately, each year. It seems that - and we understand why – it is easier for each government to rewrite commercial laws instead of giving to these companies a steady and sustainable market. Nevertheless, we think that there is a common actor in all these insolvency proceedings that may help ailing companies : The French public Treasury. In that way, insolvency laws and tax laws have to stop to follow their own way and should combine their forces in a common goal : the entreprise survival. French Treasury, frequently known as the proceeding ogre, should not be seen anymore by the debtor as an enemy, harming his redressment, but as an allied partner and then, the debtor should be able to use the French tax administration power to his own profit. Our works, analyzing the existing proceedings, suggest some new solutions in order to make easier such an adaptation
Konmam, Prosper. "La fiscalité locale au Cameroun." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010269.
Full textLocal taxes as all of the legal mechanisms for the collection of local taxes for the benefit in whole or in part of local communities appear in Cameroon with the formal creation of the cities in 1944. Before this reorientation of the taxation in the territory of Cameroon under trusteeship, it is actually a tool of colonial domination in the service of the interests of the colonial power. In the aftermath of the country's independence in 1960, the local tax system remains unchanged with the predominance of the ACC and a myriad of taxes and fees including productivity remain low. The timid reform of 1974 which has the real purpose of standardize the tax system after the reunification of the two Cameroon (Anglophone and Francophone) does in the end no major innovation. The same difficulties persist and worsen even with the economic crisis of the 1990s. Beyond the external factors, these difficulties are related to the bigotry of the administrative organization mode and on the other hand the weakness of legislation. A hope was born with 2009 reform, fruit of the ongoing decentralization process in Cameroon. This reform, despite its advances, rest however only below expectations and local communities in their vast majority are still in extreme poverty. New resources tax and nontax research processes are more experienced, strong partnerships of all kinds and the greater extension also taxable matter at the local level. These advances for efficiency strongly need a new form of administration of local tax and a strengthening of the legislative and regulatory system in striving to create better relations between the Administration and the taxpayers and also draw successful experiences elsewhere in other African countries at the same level of development. Reform is possible contrary to mediated by the afro-pessimists. For this, a clear diagnosis of the situation must be made and accepted by the central authority, but by local authorities and then all the implemented solutions highlight in this study should be sufficient to leave local taxation in Cameroon from its torpor
Bennis, Azizi M. Kamal. "Fiscalité et transferts de techniques." Nice, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NICE0019.
Full textEl, Kolli Azzedine. "Risque et fiscalité de l'entreprise." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020108.
Full textLe, Faou Gaël. "La fiscalité des coopératives agricoles." Toulouse 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU10063.
Full textAt the beginning of the twentieth century, farmers created many cooperatives to pool capital investments or distribution networks. These legal forms met a great sucess and could be found all over the country. Thus, in the sixties, the authorities decided to use them as a means to boost their agriculture modernization plan. It explains why these farming cooperatives, thanks to both an image of mere farm extensions and the support of authorities, were granted a privileged taw scheme. However, today this tax scheme is highly subject to controversy. As a matter of fact, farming ccoperatives went on developping far beyond mere farm extensions to become direct competitors to food-processing industries. This farming cooperatives new dimension doesn't fit anymore with the original tax scheme legislation which has not much changed. As a consequence, farming cooperatives often bypass this legislation through the creation of susidiaries for the part of their business not eligible to their actual tax scheme
Radisic, Fabien. "La fiscalité du capital-risque." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10028.
Full textArefiev, Nikolay. "La fiscalité optimale du capital." Paris 1, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136505.
Full textBayor, Baba Bodjoguetty. "Fiscalité et développement au Togo." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE0001.
Full textCormier, Éric. "La fiscalité internationale de l'informatique." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10043.
Full textAmbivalent taxable matter, the information processing defy the traditional categories of the international fiscal system. Especially, the software is continally at the limits of existing juridicals rules : tangible or intangible property, royaltie or patent right or also technical furnishings and licences fees. However, by reason of the gaining ground of financial costs of research and development the majority of states have, on one hand, chosen to keep up the information processing firms with many fiscal incitements, and in the other hand, define the acconting kind of invention and purchase in the expenses of the year's trading or in capital assets, in the firm's capital account. At the time of the marketing of international software transfers, the income is capable of being explain according two legals definitions : tscnical furnishings and licences fees, and when licences fees hold an another distinction is making by international conventions between the royaltie exempt system and the taxation at source of the patent right. New breach at the fiscal sovereignety, the information processing, through the influence of its multinational firms, and trough its diversity of marketing forms, compels states to work out and develop fiscal rules if not common at least harmonious
Perna, Massimo. "Recherches sur la fiscalité mycénienne." Paris 10, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA100006.
Full textThis thesis will examine a heterogeneous group of documents which have always been presumed to contain evidence of a fiscal nature. Among these, in particular, are the series Ma and N- from Pylos, recording an entry by the Palace consisting of six products (series Ma) and linen (series N-) respectively. Our aim is to provide a common explanation for both series of documents. It is our opinion that both the six Ma products and the linen represent the revenue from lands which had been assigned to certain categories of workmen or to individuals. More specifically, we have found significant similarities with documents dealing with offerings by some individuals to sanctuaries in exchange for dealing with offerings by some individuals to sanctuaries in exchange for land (series Es from Pylos). All the documentation we possess, therefore, is tobe interpreted in connection with the land
Judeau, Yann. "Fiscalité de la cession d'entreprise." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G012.
Full textPereira, da Silva-Hubler Daniele. "La fiscalité internationale des intérêts." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010312.
Full textJulié, Ludovic. "La fiscalité de la culture." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020060.
Full textNgueho, Serge. "Fiscalité et élections au Québec." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6695.
Full textNadjombe, Gbandi. "La fiscalité privilégiée en propriété industrielle : contribution à la cohérence d'une fiscalité au service de l'innovation." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT3002.
Full textTaxation can be used by States either to dissuade certain attitudes of taxpayers (dissuasive taxation) or, on the contrary, to guide their economic choices (incentive or privileged taxation). In the field of industrial property, it plays a real incentive function due to the establishment by many States of tax support for R&D activities and income from the exploitation of patents or rights similar to patents as regards the conditions necessary to obtain legal protection. These tax incentives, aimed at promoting innovation within companies, thus target industrial property rights derived from technical creations. The purpose of this thesis is to determine whether the orientation of this privileged taxation is effective in supporting innovation. In other words, the aim is to verify whether the essentially technological conception of privileged taxation allows the public authorities to achieve their objective, namely significant economic benefits that should result from the promotion of innovation. Finally, the study examines whether the way in which States conceive the privileged tax system is not too restrictive of innovation with regard to all industrial property rights
Caruana, Nicolas. "La fiscalité environnementale : entre impératifs fiscaux et objectifs environnementaux : une approche conceptuelle de la fiscalité environnementale." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM1022/document.
Full textAlways mentioned amongst market based-instruments for cost-effective environmental policy, studied by many economists, environmental taxation is ignored by legal opinion and represent only a small amount of tax revenue. This paradox can mostly be explained by the way environnemental taxation is defined.Most of the time seen as exo-taxes, environmental taxation is tackled analytically, through the criteria established prima facie. Using this way of reasoning is not only insufficient to show all the ways the environment can be protected with environmental taxation, but is also preventing the emergence of a real concept of environmental taxation. This concept, that we are trying to define, is multidimensional ; it can be seen from different angles : legal, economic, political and/or scientific.Questioning the foundations of environmental taxation (principles such as the polluter-pay principle, the prevention principle, the precautionary principle...) and the way professors of law define it, will show that a paradigm shift is needed, to bring a concept of environmental taxation into light. Marked by its environmental efficiency, environmental taxation does not actually include the issues, nor has the beneficial consequences that politicians may imagine
Watteblé, Sandrine. "La fiscalité dans les élections présidentielles." Paris 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA020121.
Full textMbang, Alexandre. "La fiscalité des comptes courants d'associés." Paris 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA020078.
Full textThubin, Camille. "Le dividende emploi d'une fiscalité écologique." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0084.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study the conditions for an employment double divident, i. E. An increase in employment in addition to lower CO2 emissions when a carbon tax is implemented. In the introduction, we introduce our topic in the literature of the double dividend. We aim at justifying the interest of our subject against theories that announce the death of the double dividend. We examine concretely in the second chapter the "possibility frontier" of an employment double dividend, by using labor market theories. We use a computable general equilibrium model designed to analyze the impact of a carbon tax on the macroeconomic performance. The model is described in the first chapter of this thesis. In the third chapter we discuss the connection between the employment double dividend and other dividends of a carbon tax, especially the "competitiveness dividend". The opportunity arises to replace the issue of the employment double dividend in the debate on developed countries' competitiveness. The purpose of the last chapter is to show some dynamic aspects of the employment double dividend related to behavioral responses to uncertainty. We evaluate how taxation can play differently and positively on employment by modifying the risk of hiring
Zniber, Nabil. "Politique et fiscalité énergétiques au Maroc." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010035.
Full textFiscal distorsions of energy alter consumption decisions of both final consumers, and industrials in their choices of production techniques: actually, energy imports being directly determined by the local demand, consumption of energy vary in accordance with its full taxes prices rather than its cost in currency for the nation. The most profitable inter-energetic subitutions shalml not be made if the free on board prices do not reflect the hierarchy of the international prices. When the differencies in the local prices of the various energies are not coonected with the differences in the free o board prices, they may not be able to guide the decisions about imports opf crude oil rather than refined products, quantity and quality of crude oils to be imported, choices in the different products of refineries, in the investment programs and in the management of the electric power station set, decisions that allow to produce with the best cost and efficiency
Sentissi, Saâd. "Fiscalité décentralisée et développement économique au Maroc." Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090064.
Full textBoukasri, Mohamed. "Fiscalité immobilière et politique urbaine au Maroc." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOD008.
Full textDjedje, Pierre Claver. "La fiscalité des droits de propriété intellectuelle." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON10014.
Full textDjohongona, Gotnadji Kossi. "Fiscalité et code des investissements au Tchad." Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020154.
Full textThe taxation system and investment code make up an essential part of the economic development policy in and under-developed country. Under no circumstances must they be neglected. The state can use the taxation system and investment code to act on archaic structures in order to transform them and integrate them within the economy. A critical analysis of the chadian authorities in this field has shown up the deficiencies, incoherencies and limits to using the taxation system and investment code as tools for economic development. Reform is necessary in order to right this unsatisfactory situation and to allow these components in the fiscal charter to take on their quantitative function (procure financial resources for the state) and qualitative role (attract, encourage and direct investments) to the productive sectors of the economy. The proposed reform must integrate within a flexible planning system. On the one hand it must support the action of the fiscal administration so that it may better apply the taxation system and on the other hand it must help make the various institutions more democratic so that taxes are approved and controlled by the taxpaying citizens themselves rather than imposed by holders of political power and used to their sole advantage. Following such a change, the taxation system and investment code will be better accepted and will contribute efficiently to chad's economic and socio-political development