Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire de la Révolution industrielle'
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Nikitin, Marc. "La naissance de la comptabilité industrielle en France." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649637.
Full textKhelifi, Achour. "La Révolution industrielle en Grande-Bretagne vue par les voyageurs français contemporains, 1780-1840." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040106.
Full textOur doctoral thesis attempts to analyse, explain and interpret the perception and representation of the British Industrial Revolution by contemporary French travellers between 1780 and 1840. It is divided into two distinct but interrelated parts. The first part is intended as an introduction to the second one. It is centered mainly on the travellers, their travels and their accounts. It tries to determine the documentary value of the travellers' accounts, which will be used as primary sources. We will undertake an internal analysis of the corpus in search of the clues which will help us in our assessment of their documentary value, focusing on the main determining factors and criteria of classification of the travellers, the motives of travel and the content and form of their accounts. This will enable us get an initial idea of the nature and value of the representations of the Industrial Revolution, which will be the subject of the second part. More substantial, the latter part will examine, analyse and interpret the selected documents, in an attempt to bring out and restore the perception and representations of the different aspects of the British Industrial Revolution by contemporary French travellers. The second part will try to study, explain and interpret the evolution of the representations of the main facets of the Industrial Revolution, which caught the travellers' attention and focused their eyes. And, as a general conclusion, we will try to structure, organise and deepen the analysis in a modest attempt to bring out and underscore the overall underlying significance of the changing perception of the British Industrial Revolution by contemporary French travellers, and what it tells us about their understanding of it
Rochet, Claude. "L'innovation: une affaire d'Etat: Piloter la réforme face à la III° révolution industrielle." Phd thesis, Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00070834.
Full textS'inscrivant dans une perspective historique évolutionniste, l'Etat est analysé comme acteur de l'évolution des nations dans leur capacité à absorber les progrès de la technologie. Le cadre d'analyse repose sur la distinction northienne entre institutions et organisations, en recherchant les dynamiques d'innovations des organisations et des institutions du secteur public et leurs liens. Ils sont analysés comme des systèmes adaptatifs co-évoluant dans deux dimensions temporelles : celle du temps long depuis la Renaissance et celle du temps court des défis de la III° révolution industrielle basée sur les technologies de l'information.
La première partie étudie l'innovation comme processus socio-économique allant de ruptures en continuité. Le chapitre I met en perspective l'évolution de l'Etat et celle de la technologie. Le chapitre II analyse les enjeux de cette évolution à l'heure des technologies de l'information. Le chapitre III fait le bilan du rôle et de l'évolution de l'Etat en Grande-Bretagne et aux Etats-Unis.
La seconde partie étudie les possibilités pour l'Etat de se transformer (chapitre I) à partir du bilan de la nouvelle gestion publique. L'analyse se poursuit au niveau des organisations (chapitre II) par une étude comparée de quatre cas en France et aux Etats-Unis. L'analyse comparée des réformes de la gestion publique en France et au Canada permet d'évaluer la possibilité de lier innovation organisationnelle et innovation institutionnelle (chapitre III).
En conclusion, le pilotage d'une telle réforme apparaît comme socialement possible et techniquement mature au niveau organisationnel, mais souffrir d'un retard d'évolution au niveau institutionnel où le politique et les idées dominantes tardent à intégrer les données du nouveau paradigme de la III° révolution industrielle.
Joineau, Vincent. "Etude technique et économique d'une activité industrielle rurale : les moulins de l'Entre-deux-Mers bordelais de la fin du XIe siècle à la Révolution française." Bordeaux 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR30007.
Full textRestricted for a long time to archeological and historical studies, the history of industrial activities nevertheless begs to be considered in light of the economic concerns with which they were associated. To this end, considering the archeology of industrial production shops as a prism for studying economic activity, the author has sought to bring to light the historical process of installing mills and their quantative and qualitative evolution in the hopes of determining, over the long term, their level of economic efficiency. The choice of the Bordeaux territory of Entre-deux-Mers (Gironde region) was made because of the diversity of its environmental conditions that make it possible to determine analytic criteria and to compare them, over the long term, to the territory's industrial equipment. Stimulated by the land-clearing monks of La Sauve-Majeure Abbey, the early industrial rise in value of rivers (in the 11th century) laid the groundwork for a coherent network of hydraulic installations that became the norm between the 16th and 17th centuries. Any new hydraulic mill installation therefore became needless and could potentially prevent the other mills from functioning properly. Taking into account this saturation effect is essential for understanding the technical and economic responses that were put into place to face the crisis of the "long century" and the demographic growth of the 18th century. The impossibility, throughout the medieval and modern periods, to carry out certain production tool innovations encouraged the millers to become wheat and flour merchants. The missing of duties of benalite on mills in Entre-deux-Mers, favored the development of wheat commerce, in particular during the expansion of trade with the colonies (second half of the 18th century)
Roch, François. "Vers un nouveau paradigme planétaire en matière de développement ? Contribution à l'histoire du droit international et du développement." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111031.
Full textThe history of development was marked by two great revolutions. The Neolithic revolution has seen humanity passed of an economy organized around Paleolithic hunting, fishing andgathering to a Neolithic economy based mainly on agriculture and livestock. The first planetary revolution is characterized by the transition from a nomadic to a sedentary lifestyle;himself eventually leading to the birth of the first civilizations of antiquity. The Industrialrevolution, the second planetary revolution, is a second major break in development history.This revolution is essentially characterized by the transition from a predominantly agrariansociety to a predominantly industrial and urban.Against a backdrop of global crisis, including appreciating in terms of the obvious failure ofthe MDGs, we hypothesize a third planetary revolution with a magnitude that could becomparable to the previous two. Since the beginning of industrial revolution, the world hasexperienced an economic and population growth unprecedented, certainly at the origin ofsignificant progress, but also an exponential increase of its ecological footprint. Through thestudy of major contemporary paradigms of development, we prospectively decided to revisitthe UN model and framework. At the crossroads of different national models, the UN is themost appropriate place to address this issue. Finally, since behind this global crisis lies aprofound ecological crisis, we believe that the next paradigm that will emerge, for reasonsthat are set, is going to be the result of a dialectic between anthropocentric models, on onehand, and biocentric models, on the other hand
Gauthier, Rodolphe. "L'usage de l'œuvre, un autre paradigme artistico-littéraire de la deuxième révolution industrielle jusqu'à nos jours : Marcel Proust, Georges Bataille, Pascal Quignard." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL104.
Full textThis thesis deals with the work of three symptomatic authors, Marcel Proust (1871-1922),Georges Bataille (1897-1962) and Pascal Quignard (1948), as milestones, in order to studythe evolution of the place and the role of the piece of art in literature since the second Industrial Revolution until today. This work therefore questions the structural,socioeconomic and political data, which constitute the agency of an artistic production, but also evolution in the subject-object relations, definition of what art is, specific tropes,preference of a downward movement to an ascending (transcendental) movement,experimentation as a cognitive foundation, the preference of a position of being-in-theworld to the notion of being-in-the-world, the abandonment of idealism and metaphysics for the development of other ontological regimes. These elements compose what we can call a paradigm of the shadow, a minor paradigm compared to a major, dominant and coercive one
Nguyen, Huu Trung. "Les marchands, fondateurs de civilisation, une épopée oubliée, XVe - XIXe siècle : une histoire sociale et culturelle de l’économie." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAG049/document.
Full textCivilization should be understood as the progress of mentalities in the course of time, whether in Art, Economic, Political and Social systems. merchants and entrepreneurs are at the origin of this evolution. The great contribution by merchants was to extract from received ideas, dogmas and traditions, realities in the economic, social, political and art fields, and to make them understood by a number of individuals thanks to the commercial profits obtained from respecting these realities. When these individuals finally reached a critical number, these realities were accepted and adopted by the majority of the population.It is Italian merchants who financed and were parts of the first Portuguese sea voyages launched to discover new lands in Africa, America and Asia. Dutch entrepreneurs discovered the concept of “added-Value” , for example by selling wood as planks ready to use. It was they who created the modern enterprise by accepting shareholders from outside the founder’s family. It was they who invented insurance policies, the practice of accounting for better management, newspapers reporting events which could have an impact of the prices of products. It is also the Dutch merchants who in the 16th century, finally obtained from the State authorities the legal right to charge interests when lending money: till then such practice was absolutely forbidden by the Church. It was the Flemish art merchants who, by exporting to Italy works by Van Eyck, Memling Van der Goes… gave to Italian artists a new understanding of colours and of space. It was the merchants from the East India Company of the Netherlands (VOC) who initiated the Japanese to the Western sciences and art. It is therefore not surprising if the Japanese were the first Asians to open up to the West. It is also merchants who, in the 18th century created the Consumers’ Society which made possible the meeting of social classes in a more long lasting way than any political revolution. This Consumers’ Society led to the Industrial Revolution which in turn led to the recognition of the workers’ rights and to the duties of business owners to assume their social responsibilities such as social security, free primary education of the workers’ children. It also led to new marketing concepts without which there would not have been modern economy. It is the impresarios or entertainers who helped women and Black people in the USA, to become conscious of their social and cultural identities. In the same way, the movie entrepreneurs (the Pathe Brothers, Gaumont and the Jews who migrated to the USA from Central Europe) made possible the instantaneous globalization of the awareness of events, thus making Public Opinion an even stronger political force, without which no Democracy would be possible
Beauregard-Gosselin, Isabelle. "Intégration d'une communauté minoritaire en période d'industrialisation : les Irlandais catholiques de la ville de Québec, 1852-1911." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26813.
Full textAu courant de la période industrielle, la ville de Québec a connu une croissance démographique rapide alimentée, entre autres, par une immigration européenne massive. Celle-ci contribua d’une façon notable aux changements socioéconomiques de la capitale durant cette période. Parmi les migrants, les Irlandais catholiques furent nombreux à transiter ou à s’établir à Québec et y laissèrent des traces encore visibles aujourd’hui. Or, bien que l’histoire de la diaspora irlandaise en sol nord-américain ait fait l’objet de plusieurs recherches, le cas de la ville de Québec, tout comme sa période d’industrialisation, reste encore peu étudié à ce jour. Grâce à l’utilisation des recensements nominatifs canadiens de 1852 à 1911 et des actes de mariage, cette étude a comme objectif d’analyser le niveau d’intégration de la communauté irlandaise de Québec sur les plans économique, social et spatial, et ce, à micro-échelle. Ainsi, en observant les emplois et la mobilité socioprofessionnelle des travailleurs, les unions exogames et l’évolution de l’établissement irlandais sur le territoire à l’étude, la présente recherche permet d’établir un constat positif : les Irlandais catholiques ont su s’intégrer à la société urbaine de Québec. Néanmoins, considérant la forte diminution démographique de la communauté au tournant du siècle, l’intégration s’est effectuée davantage à l’échelle des ménages que pour l’ensemble de la communauté.
During the industrial period, the city of Quebec experienced rapid population growth fueled, among others, by massive European immigration. This contributed significantly to socio-economic changes in the capital during this period. Among the migrants, many Irish Catholics passed through or settled in Quebec City and left marks still visible today. However, although the history of the Irish diaspora in North America has been the subject of several studies, the case of Quebec City, especially during the industrial period, is as yet little studied. With the help of Canadian censuses from 1852 to 1911 and marriage records, this study aims to analyze the degree of integration of the Quebec Irish community in economic, social and spatial components, at micro-scale. Through the observation of employment and socio-professional mobility of the workers, exogamous unions and the evolution of Irish Catholics establishment on the territory, this study shows that overall Quebec Irish catholic have been able to integrate themselves in Quebec urban society. However, considering the important population decline at the turn of the century, this integration is more visible at the household level than at the community level.
Siméon, Ophélie. "De l’usine à l’utopie : New Lanark 1785-1825. : Histoire d’un village ouvrier « modèle »." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO20083.
Full textThis thesis examines the textile industrial village of New Lanark (Scotland). Founded in 1785 and now a World Heritage site, it is mostly renowned for its reputation as a « model » factory, thanks to its association with Robert Owen (1771-1858), himself considered the « Father of British socialism ». It argues that such myth-making must be studied in context in order to grasp both its scope and significance, submitting it to a deconstruction and reconstruction process. Firstly, the history of the industrial village will be studied in the context of the Industrial Revolution in order to understand the specificities of this type of settlement, namely its close links with so-called « paternalistic » management methods. Examining paternalist discourses also sheds light on the foundations and formation of Owen’s thought, as he used New Lanark as a testbed for an experiment in social reform. Secondly, the industrial village will be studied per se in order to confront its internal dynamics with the application of Owen’s policies. Thirdly, we will analyse how New Lanark was received in its day, as Owen launched a campaign for the promotion of his doctrine, which amounted to the birth of the first British socialist movement in the late 1820s. The pioneering status which both New Lanark and Owen have been awarded also need to be analysed in relation to the latter’s labelling as a « utopian socialist ». The making of this tradition can therefore be understood as a series of strategic processes whereby Owen has been integrated into the socialist canon despite his supposed eccentricities and thanks primarily to his enlightened management policies at New Lanark, thus establishing him as the founder of a distinctively British socialism owing nothing to Marxism
Leblanc, Claire. "Des arts décoratifs aux arts industriels: contribution à la genèse de l'Art Nouveau en Belgique, 1830-1893." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211045.
Full textThèse réalisée sous la direction de M. Michel Draguet et présentée en vue de l’obtention du titre de Docteur en Histoire de l’Art.
Bruxelles, janvier 2005.
Dès la fin du XVIIIe puis tout au long du XIXe siècle, le secteur décoratif connaît une mutation profonde sous l’impulsion de la Révolution industrielle. La production décorative, jusqu’alors issue d’un artisanat de longue tradition, se développe désormais également dans le registre industriel (production et diffusion à grande échelle). Cette nouvelle situation est la source d’un renouvellement important quant à la nature des disciplines décoratives, aux missions qui leur sont assignées ainsi qu’à l’organisation générale du secteur.
L’étude présentée sous le titre susmentionné vise à observer l’impact de ce bouleversement sur le secteur industriel belge durant le XIXe siècle, depuis la fondation du pays en 1830 jusqu’au moment d’éclosion de l’Art Nouveau en 1893, amorçant une nouvelle phase d’évolution du secteur.
Notre étude vise dès lors à établir une nouvelle lecture de l’évolution décorative belge de cette période. Au-delà des manifestations stylistiques, majoritairement passéistes tout au long du siècle, le secteur connaît une mutation profonde s’opérant autour de nombreuses interrogations quant à ses nouvelles orientations et ses nouveaux objectifs. La question de l’équilibre délicat entre la nouvelle nature industrielle et le caractère artistique de la production décorative en constitue le point central. Nous décelons deux phases clefs dans l’évolution de cette problématique. Dans un premier temps (durant la première moitié du XIXe siècle) deux catégories distinctes – l’une nouvelle, l’autre ancienne – cohabitent désormais au sein du seul secteur décoratif :d’une part un « art industriel » moderne aux missions sociales, d’autre part un « art décoratif » traditionnel et généralement luxueux. Si les objets produits dans les deux registres répondent communément à une destination utilitaire, leur rapport au « Beau » s’oppose. Dans un deuxième temps (durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle) – et suite à l’Exposition universelle de Londres de 1851 qui mettra à jour les limites de la situation développée durant la première moitié du siècle –, la majorité des acteurs du secteur ambitionneront la dissolution de cette dichotomie par la fusion de ces deux registres. L’alliance de l’art et de l’industrie constituera effectivement l’objectif principal d’une large partie du secteur décoratif belge de l’époque. Deux chantiers principaux viseront à l’accomplissement de cet objectif :d’une part, la réforme de l’enseignement décoratif et d’autre part, la création d’un musée d’arts décoratifs et industriels.
Ce cheminement révélera, simultanément, la nécessité d’une réforme stylistique. Celle-ci est alors conçue comme un aboutissement des deux principaux chantiers…….
Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Malgras, Philip. "L'union fait la force : la bonne famille en ses réseaux. L'ascension prodigieuse des Cibiel, du colportage à la haute finance (1754-1914). Théorie de l'acteur stratégique appliquée à l'Histoire de la famille." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL021.
Full textThe present thesis aims at determining the origins and forces of the social climbing of the French family Cibiel, between 1754 and 1914, through four generations. Within these 160 years, the family rose from local peddling to international trade and finance. Starting from textile trading in the Southwest of France, the Cibiels gradually built a financial and industrial empire which stretched over all the fields impacted by the Industrial Revolution — transports, mining, metallurgy, urban modernizing —, and accumulated a considerable estate. The analysis of this gradual transformation enables the understanding of the strategies and logics implemented by the various "players" of the family. They forged synergistic common games and individual games to conquer a major economic and socio-political power within elite networks. Their social climbing hinges on an unusual family network, that developed itself through a counters approach, similar to the Rothschilds network. The network analysis and the sociology of organizations methodologies have been used, particularly the "strategic player" theory of Michel Crozier and Erhard Friedberg, to study the Cibiels’ dynamics. They support the assessment of what makes unity a strength. The emergence of a "key player" at each of the first three generations plays a leading role in the family collective. With the break introduced by an intrafamilial "confrontational strategy" at the last generation came the end of the prodigious "good fortune" of the Cibiel family and of its singular success story
Triki, Mohamed-Ali. "Crédits à l'exportation et industrialisation de la Grande Bretagne durant le dix-neuvième siècle." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE0035.
Full textThe industrial revolutions were characterized by a role of banks played mainly via the circulating capital, rather than via the financing of fixed capital. The weight of the foreign trade in the nineteenth century British economy raises the question of the importance of a category of credits, the export credits. The nineteenth century saw the growth of loan-financed exports, these loans meeting the craze of banks as well as that of companies. From the mid-nineteenth century, the role historically played by the discount witnessed a relative decline, concretized by a financing of the exports by loans which became dominant among bank activities. The proliferation of banks, in spite of the recurring crises and the interbank competition which ensued from it, resulted in a reduction of the rationing at the level of exports financing. The pressure on the rationing is more considerable than the structures of export credit-insurance began to assert themselves only at the end of nineteenth century, and began to benefit from state support only after World War I. Nevertheless, markets close to countries of continental Europe were exceeded in the direction of geographically remote markets, usually characterized by a level of higher risk. The interaction between export outlets extension and production growth benefited from the support of an export credits offer relatively less risk sensitive. Hence the possibility to speak about industrial, financial and commercial revolutions. From an institutional point of view, if the state has essentially acted in favor of the extension of access to markets for the British exports, the Bank Of England has played, for its part, the vital role of ultimate lender, allowing to maintain the flow of financing in the direction of companies, via the refinancing of banks
Mousson, Olivier. "L'entreprise industrielle dans la révolution robotique." Paris 9, 1991. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1991PA090026.
Full textThe analysis of the changes brought about by companies ‘use of robotic engineering allows to distinguish to what extent these should be placed within the framework of a dual industrial transformation. - After the use of land and energy resources, man now takes electronic information to be one of the basic elements of new production methods. But the contrast between robotic engineering and mechanical engineering is not the only thing to be derived from this analysis. Another transformation appears. Rigid techniques have been replaced by flexible techniques. - Second generation robotics give firms a better control of their production costs, by allowing them to adapt it to fluctuations in demand. The average cost of managing the uncertainties associated with flexible techniques is smaller than that associated with rigid techniques. The analysis of this industrial revolution serves to highlight the importance of production management combined with the appearance of such criteria as the consistency or the flexibility of production and products. This analysis shows the important role played by human resources management, which has to be integrated into industrial strategy, because of the economies and diseconomies of labor, qualification, status and experience
Jacquemond, Joseph. "La révolution industrielle dans la vallée de l'Ondaine, 1815-1914." Saint-Etienne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STET2018.
Full textDue to presence of coal, water power, skilled plentiful workmen, this valley, located in the south west of Saint-Etienne and expanding on about 100 km2, became in the early vanguard of French metallurgy and mining. In 1815 an Englishman Jackson and few years later, an Alsacian born Holtzer introduce steel making in the valley. But during the first half of the 19th century, general development is slow and the valley remains mainly an agricultural area. The second half of the 19th century is the period of mushrooming expansion. Coal mining remains the most important activity of the valley. But metallurgy is practically so important with three plants, featuring, among the leading. French companies of steel production, also manufacturing heavy mecanic speciallly war material. Bolt making and file making become another caracterical production of the valley. This expansion has been made possible thanks to the development of rail road. To this economical growth corresponds fundamental transformation in minds and standards of life. Legalization of trade union allows the working class to promote coalition, while the employeers attempt to limit
Vanderpooten, Michel. "Eléments techniques d'une révolution agricole au début de l'époque contemporaine." Toulouse 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU20008.
Full textHénochsberg, Michel. "Etudes sur la motricité en économie : révolution industrielle, accumulation et concurrence." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100046.
Full textDubos, Françoise. "La vie quotidienne à l'Hôtel-Dieu Saint-Jacques sous la révolution." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU31015.
Full textFaure, Christian. "Folklore et révolution nationale : doctrine et action sous Vichy (1940-1944)." Lyon 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO20010.
Full textFolklore and national revolution were closely bound during vichy government. Public education, agriculture, equipment, home offices were concerned by folklore, justified in this interest by folkloric knowledge. Its concept, closely acquainted with the idea of regionalism, appelaed to the system of appointed nation and incited community to look after its identity through some symptome : language, know-how, way of living, popular festivities and art. . . The ethnical community recognised hereunder is the peasant and as an evidence, the craftsman. The assertion of an identity is on a par with the look back upon the traditions, the ancestors, through the purity of the race, and changes folklore in a standard sample which is part and parcel of vichyssoise ideology by the way of successive passages from game to science, from science to reconstitution of france appearance. Folklore as a form and meaning of national revolution gives us, through its repeated justifications of the native soil, the foundation of new order and social peace, liable for its continuance
Sturmel, Philippe. "Justice et discipline militaires sous la Révolution et l'Empire : la dixième division militaire." Toulouse 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU10060.
Full textThere were many writings about absence without leave during revolutionary and imperial times, but a few only concerned the dramatic means employed by the government to contain it : garnisaires, colonnes mobiles, arrests of soldiers' parents. The first ones were soldiers placed at the refractaire's home with a view to forcing him to join the army. Their existence had not been legal until December 1812. But as their action was considered inefficient, they were soon helped by specialized troops dedicated to the same task. From 1810 onwards, troops are very active. As far as parents' arrests are concerned, they merely reveal the government's lack of control of this plague. Military authorities were as well not in a position to maintain a strict discipline inside the army. Absence without leave, especially desertion, can be seen as a result of this situation. The main impact concerns the rise of cases brought to trial. The fact that little literature deals with this movement enabled us to have a comprehensive view of procedures followed and sentences. This study focuses on the tenth military division, made up of the regions of Haute-Garonne, Ariège, Tarn-et-Garonne, Gers, Pyrenées Orientales, Aude and Hautes-Pyrénées
Ricciarelli, Cecilia. "Le cinéma cubain après la révolution." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030019.
Full textThe goal of this Thesis is the study of the Cuban cinema after the Revolution of 1959. The evolution of the concept of revolutionary cinema is studied through the analysis of the films produced, the discussions with Cuban film-makers, and through the relevant theoretical works produced both within and outside Cuba. The aesthetic influences and their evolution are taken into account in order to prove the stylistic autonomy developed by this cinematography. An important part is devoted to the freedom of expression that the Cuban film-makers have experienced during the different decades, and also to the evolution of the relationship between the film-makers and the state. After having considered the Cuban fiction cinema in its complexity, in order to describe its evolution from the theoretical point of view, a sample of seven films has been analysed in detail. Four film-makers were selected as representative of the evolution of this cinema: Tomás Gutiérrez Alea, as the birth and the development of the Cuban cinema; Humberto Solás, as the continuity of this tradition to the present, Orlando Rojas, as the unrealised 'promises' and Fernando Pérez, as the origin for the future. The films selected were among those that deal with contemporary issues. This study illustrates how the Cuban film-makers experienced periods of intense struggle to maintain their artistic and ideologic freedom, attempting to put forward the responsibility of being the 'face of the revolution', and at the same time a critical instrument for its improvement. Such contradictions feed the interest for the complexity and originality of this cinema, still not widely known in Europe
Munch, Philippe. "Le pouvoir de l'ombre : l'imaginaire du complot durant la Révolution française (1789-1801)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25490/25490_1.pdf.
Full textPetit-Liaudon, Marlène. "Le village industriel modèle de Saltaire : condition des ouvriers du textile et réformes sociales à Bradford entre 1853 et 1880." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2003.
Full textTitus Salt’s social experiment conducted through his model industrial community of Saltaire, in Yorkshire, has been perceived and presented this far as a solution to the contemporary issues resulting from rapid industrialisation. The aim of the present research is to put into context this experiment, started in 1853, within the wider social reform movement that occurred from 1850 to 1880 in Bradford- which we consider as the “mother town” of Saltaire. This study focuses on the various influences promoting the advancement of the factory workers’ conditions, such as social welfare concerns but also religious, political and economical pressures, in order to see their achievements on the urban life. This comparative study is aiming to demonstrate the extent to which the model village, under Titus Salt’s leadership, took part in the social reformation and in the progress of the worsted trade workers’ circumstances
Guedj, Denis. "La mesure des Lumières : le système métrique décimal : de la création du concept à la diffusion dans la société (1790-1800)." Paris 8, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA083770.
Full textCanévet, Corentin. "Le modèle agricole breton : histoire et géographie d'une révolution agro-alimentaire." Rennes 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN20005.
Full textBreton farmlands have been literally revolutionized in a few decades. The ancient farm economy has been swept away to be replaced by a factory farming system. This study attempts to isolate the forces involved and to quentify the economic, social and geographic dimensions of this agricultural revolution. It addresses such questions as how a desolat peninsular region could succed to the point of becoming an agricultural model. What economic and social forces were involved? What have the turning points or landmarks been since 1950? How was geography affected? The first part of the study. The breton agricultural model, analyses the fundamental traits of the agricultural system, isolating the factors explaining the emergence of Brittany as a major french agro-industrial region. Particularly, it an inter-action between the farming community's social movement and the drive towards factor farming. And lastly, it shows limits and reverse of the productivist model. The second part, from farm economy to food processing complex, the stages of growth, shows the major development stages and how the countryside was changed. It coverts the successive agricultural and farm community changes, including farmer's associations and unions. It deals wit changes in agri-business and the way french and eec economic environments and policies affected it. The third part, the forces driving the agri-business, analyses the conditions under which co-operatives, private regional and nonregional groups were launched or transplanted, showing their characteristics and role, and describing how the co-operat helped an active farm community ensure the eddiciency of the new agrarian system. The final part, geographical differences and local case histories, shows geographical differences, explaining how production was concentrated and describing local case histories as they occured between 1950 and 1990. Besically, Brittany's rapid development has turned the region into a proving ground for western agricultural and social developlment mechanisms
Arras, Marcel. "La révolution française et la révolution russe d'après l'oeuvre de Jacques Pirenne : Les grands courants de l'histoire universelle." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100066.
Full textFor Jacques pyrene, ever since the beginnings of history, the human race seems to have constructed two different kinds of civilisations : that of introverted people and that of societies open to the outside world. Therefore, there are two types of civilisations : an individualistic and liberal one, which came from the multiple contacts the proximity of the sea produces, and, on the other hand, a social and authoritarian one, produced by the hierarchy created by the earth amongst the isolated continental people. The French revolution and the Russian revolution, wich we will sum up from the presentation of Jacques Pirenne's work are specific to each civilisation : the French revolution belongs to the liberal civilisation and the Russian revolution to the authoritarian one. The conclusion of the thesis is the philosophical part. It is divided into three parts : in the first, we will expose the histocal theory of j. Pirenne. In the second, we compare it to that of Michelet. In the last part, we describe marxism as it is unders tood in the tides of history
Thermeau, Gérard-Michel. "A l'aube de la révolution industrielle : Saint-Etienne et son agglomération, 1800-1815." Saint-Etienne, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996STET2032.
Full textAfter the French revolution, Saint-Etienne, wich is the most populated city in the Loire departement, stands out as an important urban and industrial centre although it is miles away from major trade routes. The diversity of the buildings is clearly shown through a careful study of the urban structure while on the other hand, the grow of the city reveals its ill-equipment. Ambitious town plannings along with a determined local policy from the town councilors lead to the creation of a new district in spite of low public founds. The economic growth is still identified with proto-industrial structures : the domestic system is the major rule in such economic fields as ribbon, arms and hardware. However this disorganized system does not prevent vitality and innovation from emerging in the ribbon industry. The appearence of siderurgy as well as the modernization of the coal bassin is delayed by the blockade. Administrative officials, nobles and landowners are very scarce in Saint-Etienne. The population is made up of working class people and the trading elite. With a high birth rate, the population increases significantly. Saint-Etienne attracts country people from neighbouring villages and from Haute-Loire. The ribbon manufacturers rule over the city : they are austere, hard-working, reticent and uneducated. The working class is complex because halfway between craftsmen and the proletariat. Because of recurrent economic crises, the working people remain potential paupers
Rochet, Claude. "L'innovation, une affaire d'Etat? : piloter la réforme face à la troisième révolution industrielle." Phd thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00070834.
Full textThe main hypothesis of this research relies on the discrepancy between the evolution of the state and that of the other components of the socio-economic system as a factor of nations competitiveness. By adopting an evolutionist and historical perspective, the state is analyzed as an actor of the nations' evolution in their ability to absorb technological progress. The framework relies on the northian distinction between organizations and institutions, focusing on innovation's dynamics within public institutions and organizations. Both are analyzed as adaptive systems co-evolving in two temporal dimensions: the braudelian long-term since the Renaissance, and the present short-term of the information technologies revolution. The first part focuses on innovation as a socio-economic process stepping from disruption to continuities. Chapter I put in perspective the evolution of the state and of the technology. Chapter II analyzes what is at stake with the information technologies revolution. Chapter III assesses the role of the state and its evolution in the history of Great Britain and the US. The second part studies what are the possibilities for the state to get transformed (chapter I) drawing on an assessment on the New Public Management movement. The analyze goes on organizations (chapter II) through a comparison between cases of organizational transformation in France and in the US. A compared analysis between the ongoing institutional change in the budgetary framework in France and Canada allows to assess how to link institutional and organizational transformation. As a conclusion, the steering of such a reform appear to be socially feasible and technically mature, but suffers from a lag of evolution at the institutional level where politicians and mainstreams ideas dally in integrating the parameters of the third industrial revolution paradigm
Flacher, David. "Révolutions industrielles, croissance et nouvelles formes de consommation." Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090010.
Full textBiron, Marie-Paule. "Les Messes clandestines pendant la Révolution en France." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040472.
Full textUnderground masses have existed for about ten years, from 1792 to 1802 with two climaxes, the first one during the reign of terror and the second one during the persecution which followed the coup d'État of "Fructidor an V". No legislation ruled these masses but they were closely observed because they enabled to unmask priests who were the only ones to be aimed at. Moreover these masses pointed out the different way how priests and the faithful managed to reconcile what was hard to match up to that time, that is to say "mass" and "clandestinity". They appeared as one of the most significant aspects of the catholic resistance. They were typical of a movement of Eucharistic devotion and adhesion to the sacred heart doctrine, a movement which was not new but which the circumstances confirmed in the souls. These mass(es) had a great impact on the mind of those who took part in them, brought a come-back to religions practice and favored conversions. They contributed to engagements of entering into religion life and to the creation of institutes and congregations. They have been at the origin of a renewal of fervor as certained by many testimonies. The impression they made was so strong that some people remained attached
Burlakova, Maria McConaghy. "Art et commerce : développements, collaborations et conséquences de la révolution industrielle à nos jours." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010564.
Full textMbami, Justin. "Les obstacles fondamentaux à une révolution industrielle dans les pays de l'Afrique de l'Ouest." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9825.
Full textKlioua, Axel Arslane. "Révolution et système international (1917-1941)." Lyon 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO33057.
Full text"Transnational relations have led to the birth of every revolutionary social unrest and their influence has always been felt about this outcome and the shape of revolutionary battles", wrote Theda Skocpol ("States and Social Revolutions" Fayard Press, 1995, p. 40). Hence, ail attempts in the intellection of the systemic international evolution and, at the same time, ail attempts in the intellection of the inwardly conveyed revolutionary process at the heart of a state of the said System - the Soviet state entity between the two World Wars - are fundamentally indivisible and could not be undertaken independently from one another. Undoubtedly, the possibility and historical effectiveness of Stalinism and the internalization of the Russian revolution was the consequence of the omnipresence of the specter of the counterrevolutionary military coalition, in the same manner in which the Second World War was precipitated by the omnipresence of the specter of the world revolution
Dorigny, Marcel. "Les Girondins et le libéralisme dans la Révolution française." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010524.
Full textThis research takes as its starting-point the girondin group, generally considered to be clearly defined, and then attempts to discover whether their political unity, which is not easy to demonstrate, did not in fact hide a profound doctrinal unity, which was the true basis for what historians using a term already widely accepted at the time, have called the gironde. It can be divided into four main themes : 1) The economic and social thought of the girondins, covering property rights, social inequality and its role in the working of the economy, domestic and foreign trade, money and banking, taxes etc. 2) The role of the state in what was basically a liberal view of society and economies : the formation of "a public spirit", the organisation of the economy to create the conditions for a unified and protected market ; the encouragement of individual initiative, but also direct intervention if the market "fails"
Casanova, Antoine. "Forces productives, peuple corse et Révolution française : 1770-1815." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010565.
Full textLe, Guellaff Florence. "Une institution d'Ancien régime à l'épreuve de la Révolution : le droit de la guerre de course." Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020117.
Full textLaurens, Henry. "La Révolution française et l'Islam : histoire et significations de l'expédition d'Egypte (1798-1801)." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040045.
Full textThere are many reasons of the French Expedition : Bonaparte's personal ambition,colonial interest and the extension to the whole manking of the French Revolutionary programm. .
Arnaud, Coline. "La pâtisserie française (1870 - 1914) : une révolution gastronomique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV047.
Full textArtistic pastry theorized by Carême before 1850 codifies a decorative pastry and complex whose splendor is dedicated to Empire and Restoration's social elites . Yet in 1820, this ambitious pastry upsetting the status of artisan confectioner faces the bourgeois values of a social class on the rise. Technical inventions, social reforms, market opening in industrial production at the turn of the century condense still unresolved tensions between a nostalgic pastry, artistic ambitions, and the predominance of local shops, symbols of a diversified economic production. This work seeks to analyze the origin of these tensions and their impact across the business, product and point of sale, questioning the relationship of this practice to the social, political and art from 1870 to 1914
Gagneux, Yves. "L'archéologie du culte des reliques des saints à Paris de la Révolution à nos jours." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040206.
Full text"The archeological study of saints’ relics’ cult in Paris from the French revolution to nowadays" puts in question the vocabulary and methodology in use for studying such works of art. The working out of an analysis built upon a general theory of art has for result to lead to conclusions which may have some interest in religion history: gallicanism and roman influence; evolution in the cult of saints; the use made by the church of that devotion, etc. That study also puts emphasis on the specificity of the work of art, compared with other documents used by history of religion. It shows the strength of the link bounding together cult of relics and technic and the upmost importance the latter has on devotion. Iconography, symbolism, art sociology, attribution, monographs, aesthetics, composition, art theories, the influence of the cult of the relics on social organization, the pictures it inspired, serial analysis as well as monographs, etc. . . Are successively illustrated by different analysis. Reliquarians allow to evoke the problems of organization different aspects of art history on one hand, on the other hand the other university disciplines when they study works of art
Rousselin, Marie-Thérèse. "L'école et la révolution industrielle : aspects de l'éducation populaire en Angleterre de 1760 à 1832." Dijon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990DIJOL006.
Full textBélanger, Marc. "APRÈS MÛRE RÉFLEXION: REGARDS RÉTROSPECTIFS SUR LA RÉVOLUTION TRANQUILLE PAR SES PRINCIPAUX ARTISANS." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28337/28337.pdf.
Full textMalouet, Cyril. "L'évolution du nationalisme québécois de la Révolution tranquille à 1995." Lille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL30021.
Full textPeyrard, Christine. "Les jacobins de l'Ouest : formes de politisation dans l'Ouest intérieur pendant la Révolution Française." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010582.
Full textThis research is about the west jacobins. Its aim to show the forms of giving a political aspect to advantage under the french revolution, through the study of the uprising of the people, the political association and the press. The geopgraphical area is these of Maine and Basse-Normandie, that's to say the departements of Sarthe, Mayenne, Orne, calvados, Manche and Eure. The chronology is the revolutionnary decade (17891799). It is at once and the same time a political, social and cultural story of jacobinism
Monnier, Raymonde. "Le Mouvement démocratique, à Paris, de la révolution au Directoire." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010638.
Full textAn abstract of a thesis on works is inevitably schematic. One can follow the logic that leads from social and political study of a popular suburb, saint-antoine in paris, to the prosopographical study of the activists of the democratic revolution, with the repertory of the sans-culottes, and to the biography of a popular leader, general santerre. Behind the short historical role of the faubourg's leader the private aspect of the business man invites to think out the questions of the cordelier network, of the main lines of politics in paris and of the role of mediators. Synthesis on paris, and on social political and cultural history of the revolution enriched and widened further thought on the period and allows to inscribe it in a long time process. The research on democratic sociability in Paris and the suburds is linked to the urban communication networks and to the prospect of an enlarged public sphere : a sphere of reciprocity which finds its legitimacy in the democratic plan of cultural and economic emancipation of the people, in the role tof the elites, of the avantgardes and civic activism. The process of public opinion formation inside free associations remains at the core of the republican plan
Arnold, Edward J. "Les syndicats "jaunes", une contre-révolution en milieu prolétaire : 1899-1912." Grenoble 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE21012.
Full textThis study concentrates on the history of the "yellow" trade unions of pierre bietry (by using the "yellow" press and the national and departmental archives) and the ideology of the movement. Trade unionism at the turn of the century cannot be reduced to the cgt or the emerging christian trade-unionism. The neglected aspect is indeed "yellow" trade-unionism, this proletarian, counter-revolutionary and anti-socialist current which advocated collaboration rather than conflict with the bosses. This thesis refutes the idea that the "yellows" were merely a group of marginals, "strike-breakers" or "social-traitors", financed by the bosses who were traumatised by the strength of revolutionary-syndicalism. In addition, this thesis does not accept that the "yellows" were the forebearers of "french-style fascism". On the contrary, the "yellows" were right-wing, proletarian trade-unions opposed to revolutionary syndicalists, and rejected the heritage of the revolution. They defended traditional values of catholicism and reiterated political values of the right. Even if the "yellows" seem to have disappeared as a movement after 1912, their ideas lived on, through the xxth century, and the discourse of the popular right-wing shows
Steele, Leighton G. "Le discours du manque, création et révolution au Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0022/NQ32890.pdf.
Full textDumais, Martine. "La révolution gracchienne : mythe ou réalité?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29187.
Full textSlachevsky, Aguilera Nathalie. "La révolution éducative au Chili : histoire de la construction d'un enjeu public (1973-2010)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB203/document.
Full textIn the last four decades, Chile's education system has experienced a deep transformation, a neoliberal revolution. Since the dictatorship (1973-1990), an education market developed in the different levels of education. After the restoration of democracy in 1990 and during the following two decades government, led by a centre-left coalition, the education market was consolidated with an active engagement of the State. This period introduced multiple adjustments to the model, which ultimately developed an education system of hybrid morphology. Education stood out progressively as a major public issue and, in 2011, a social crisis became unavoidable. The questioning of the educational architecture reveals the fissures of the Chilean society concerning the predominance of neoliberal regulations. This event motivated a phase of revision, discussion, and proposition around another form of thinking education. This thesis traces the course of the educational policies implemented since the dictatorial irruption until 2010 when 20 years of democratic recovery under the direction of the same conglomerate, the Concertación, ends. The objective of this study is to understand the evolution of this issue, in the interface between the institutional administration, political parties, and civil society. This overview will allow us to grasp the maze of policy making and to understand how the educational disagreements arise. This analytical perspective consists in a socio-historical reconstruction of the educational policy, which triangulates the analysis of historical texts, legislative texts, and interviews with both political and administrative actors. This analytical lens will enable us to understand how education is the cornerstone of the modernization process in Chile. This is characterized by significant and undeniable advances in development, especially those concerning the educational expansion at all levels. The State is increasingly involved in education, from a role of arbitrator and supervisor of the market functioning, reinforcing and increasing the complexity of the neoliberal structure. Thus, a new order emerges, in which the education becomes a private good under the protection of a generalized competition and a culture of evaluation. This model clashes with society's increasing demands for democratization of education. The education system deploys strategies of individual positioning that legitimize and reinforce the privatization of education, while society denounces the systemic school segregation while, on the other side
Durante las cuatro últimas décadas, Chile ha sido escenario de profundos cambios en su sistema educativo: una revolución neoliberal. Desde el régimen dictatorial (1973-1990), un mercado educativo se desarrolló en los distintos niveles de educación. Luego del retorno de la democracia en 1990, y en el curso de dos decenios de gobiernos dirigidos por una coalición de centro-izquierda, el mercado educativo terminó por consolidarse con el compromiso activo del Estado. Este último, introdujo múltiples ajustes al modelo, que finalmente termina por desarrollar un sistema educativo de morfología híbrida. Luego de ese periodo, y de manera progresiva, la educación va a imponerse como un tema público, y en 2011 la crisis social va a ser ineludible. El cuestionamiento a la arquitectura educativa va a develar las fisuras de la sociedad chilena en cuanto a la preponderancia de las regulaciones neoliberales, dando paso a una fase de revisión, discusión y proposición alrededor de una nueva forma de pensar la educación. Esta tesis describe el recorrido de las políticas educativas adoptadas desde la irrupción dictatorial hasta el año 2010, momento en que terminan 20 años de recuperación democrática bajo la dirección de la coalición Concertación de Partidos por la Democracia. El objetivo de este trabajo es entender la evolución de este proceso, en la interfaz entre la administración institucional, los partidos políticos y la sociedad civil. La visión de conjunto nos permitirá discernir el entramado de las decisiones políticas y entender cómo se construyen las controversias educativas. La perspectiva analítica es una reconstrucción socio-histórica de la política educativa, que triangula el análisis de textos históricos, textos legislativos y entrevista a actores (políticos o administrativos). Este enfoque nos permitirá comprender cómo la educación devino el pilar fundamental del proceso de modernización en Chile, en el que se observan avances significativos e innegables de desarrollo, particularmente en relación a la expansión educativa en todos los niveles. El Estado se involucra cada vez más en la educación, con un rol de árbitro y supervisor del funcionamiento del mercado, reforzando y complejizando la estructura neoliberal. De esta forma, un nuevo orden educativo termina de plasmarse, en el que la educación deviene un bien individual bajo la égida de la competencia generalizada y la cultura de la evaluación. Este modelo termina por chocar con las demandas crecientes de democratización por parte de la población, que denuncia la segregación escolar del sistema, pero que paralelamente actúa con estrategias de posicionamiento individual que legitiman y refuerzan la privatización educativa
Dumontet, Éric. "La maîtrise des eaux et forêts de Poitiers de la Réformation à la Révolution, 1661-1790." Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT3009.
Full textONANGA, NESTOR. "Essai sur l'évolution de la consommation des énergies mécaniques : du paléolithique supérieur à la révolution industrielle." Paris, EHESS, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988EHES0050.
Full text"all exhibitions of good involves a power consumption"; it accepts tha truism easily. Nevertheless the exponent of the energetic phenomena development disagree according to the approachs. In an historic perspective, founded on the ancient socities, it may follow up finely the long term evolution and understand energetic phenomena. Which are energetic agents (energetic forms) applied in the ancient societies how does joint the energetic agent in the processof work? what does the energetic configuration take shape after the use of such agent as another energetic agent? which does effects follow such option as another energetic "choice"? behind each question and reply, a systematic analysis of energetic phenomena is given, particularly, understanding and intelligibility of various systems of energies during ages. Otherwise, the research displains the deficiencies, the limits of the paradigm on the very confined relation between energetic and economic growth advocated by conventional approach in economy of energy. This study protests against the timeless and univeral character conceded on that relation
Cordrie, Benjamin. "L’entreprise, acteur politique : Une analyse institutionnaliste d’un compromis : la troisième révolution industrielle en Hauts-de-France." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1A016.
Full textThis thesis investigates the role played by businesses in regulating the tensions that capitalism produces. With the Fordist compromise and its regulations on the wane and the environmental issue on the rise, and the destabilising effects this causes, we see businesses emerge as political actors that help shape new forms of regulation. To analyse this process, we draw on John R. Commons’ institutional and pragmatic approach. As a first step, the thesis undertakes a reinterpretation of the concept of compromise, enabling us to apprehend these regulations and the role played in them by businesses. Subsequently, the thesis focuses on a field survey on an ongoing energy transition project in Hauts-de-France: the “third industrial revolution” (TIR), a project based upon the model outlined by Jeremy Rifkin in his eponym publication. The regional council and the chamber of commerce jointly launched this process in 2012. The survey, mostly based on semi-structured interviews (n=55) and on a review of grey literature conducted with the software Prospéro, first examines the strategy developed by the stakeholders of the TIR to respond to the environmental issue. This strategy mainly relies on a justification that can be described as “techno-economic”, in the sense that it considers the environmental issue as offering economic opportunities to businesses, especially through developing technological innovations. This research then shows how, as this new compromise gradually takes shape, businesses are becoming the dominant political players in it. This thesis thus intends to show that businesses are a political institution of capitalism