Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire du mouvement ouvrier'
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BENALLEGUE, CHAOUIA NORA. "Mouvement ouvrier, mouvement syndical en algerie (1919-1954) essai d'histoire sociale." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070026.
Full textThis essay aims to study the worker and trade - union movements in algeria, between 1919 (the end of the first world war) and 1954 (the starting of the national algerian insurrection), in its double composition, algerian and european people. The first world war knows a large migratory movement from algeria to france, as a result of the war (fightingmen as well as workers), and will last after the end of the hostilities. This will promote new shapes of resistance to colonialism, inside this migratory population. During the thirties and the forties, we see, in algeria itself, the beginning of a process of establishing the worker movement. This latter knows, in its trade - union voicing, the main turning ponts of the "metropolitan" trade - unions. Nevertheless, in their demanding actions, as well as in the political ones, the algerian workers start with new forms of struggle. Their progressively insert their fights in the anticolonialist one. But, they don't manage to build up truly autonomous trade - union, up to the last day before november 1954
Baudin, François. "Histoire économique et sociale de la Lorraine. 1870-1914 /." Metz : Éd. Serpenoise, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36696289p.
Full textOlszak, Norbert. "Mouvement ouvrier et système judiciaire (1830-1950)." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR30004.
Full textRight from the beginning, the french workers' movement has to face repression. Consequently, it perceives negatively courts, judges, lawyers and the law. This leads it to deny the interest of the judiciary in the ideal society of the future: besides, reasons for conflicts having dissapeard, an institution having to settle the disputes is not necessary any more and, temporarily, are only being admitted treatments for offenders and amicable proceedings for the residual disagreements. This preference for arbitration -a private and fair institution- also appears within the context of the workers' custom (the organization of unions) and the labour experiences (phalansteries, etc. . . ); But the results are disappointing for, here again, this justice is often only a covering for the political power. While working at the society of the future, the workers' movement also has to defend its members. Within the years of controversy -1884-1920- the do- minating theory is that of direct action associated with proletarian violence. But some militants show that the judicial action can also be direct, and union services spread out at the same time as the social law. Yet, the col- lective dimension of the workers' movement is not recognized by the indivi- dualistic justice. Arbitration would make the introduction of workers' values possible, but it is perceived as a means prohibiting strike, which condemns it; in fact, the unions only use it to force negociations. The only way of meeting has then been the "conseils de prud'hommes", a marginal element of the judiciary. They could become important mostly because of their structuring role, with the elections. Yet, the attempts to continue the class war there, with the imperative mandate, have failed: to defend the institution, workers had to practise conciliation, the best means to solve the disputes between militants and minor employers and to avoid the injustice of the law and the interference of lawyers
Bihr, Alain. "La crise actuelle du mouvement ouvrier occidental." Paris 7, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA070046.
Full textOn assiste actuellement a la crise finale du modele du mouvement ouvrier occidental qui a pris forme a la fin du siecle dernier, denomme ici "modele social-democrate". Apres avoir rappele ses composantes strategiques, organisationnelles et ideologiques, les conditions qui assurerent son triomphe au lendemain de la seconde guerre mondiale (le compromis fordis te), ce sont les multiples facteurs de sa crise actuelle qui se trouvent determinee et analyses. De cet examen resulte egalement les propositions avancees en vue de la constitution d'un nouveau modele du mouvement ouvrier, aujourd'hui enco re en gestation, ici appele "alternatif", dont la difference par rapport au projet neo-social-democrate se trouve affirm ee. L'examen conclut a l'actualite du projet communiste
Ranson, Frédéric Vaccaro Rossana. "L'offre documentaire en histoire ouvrière et sociale en France panorama et perspectives /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque/documents/dcb/ranson.pdf.
Full textRobert, Jean-Louis. "Ouvriers et mouvement ouvrier parisiens pendant la Grande Guerre et l'immédiat après-guerre : histoire et anthropologie." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010622.
Full textThe project is based on the connexion of the working class and labour movement's studies; so the strike and the basis' meeting are the first objects for a mediations' analysis. Files (18000 socialists meetings, 789 strikes. . . ) are established with a computer for an anthropological analysis. In a first part, study regards the transformations because of the war, the emphasized fifferenciation of the working class, the social relations and the new practices of the labour movement. The anthropology of militantism lets us to the conclusion that the socialist culture of 1914 is dead. The model of worker, the "sublime", disappears for the metallurgist of the great factory. The second part, chronological, studies the evolution of the parisian workers' national feelings and politic -even revolutionnary- aspirations in spite of a progressive and important growing up of the pacifism, the national feeling is always considerable and it is first caracte- rised by the defense of the ground. On the other hand the "union sacree" is early condamned and the strikes, very important, testify a real class consciousness. In june 1919 a new ideology is even constituted
Smith, Anthony David. "Les mutations d'un mouvement politique transnational : la quatrième internationale." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020001.
Full textDenis, Jean-Michel. "L'Emergence du phénomène des coordinations dans les luttes sociales et professionnelles." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0095.
Full textWE HAVE ATTENDED, DURING THE EIGHTIES, TO A SPRINGTIDE OF COLLECTIVE CONFLICTS IN FRANCE. THOSE ONES, BUYODUP WITH "COORDINATIONS" ARE NOT WITHOUT SETTING PROBLEMS TO THE TRADITIONAL REPRESENTATIVE APPARATUS. "COORDINATION"'S RISE AS MATER OF FACT, BEARS WITNESS THE EROSION OF THE SYNDICALIST'S PHENOMENON IN FRANCE. TRUE PARADIGMS, "COORDINATIONS" PROVIDE THE RESEARCHER WITH THE TIME LINESS TO ANALYSE AND ESTIMATE BOTA NATURE AND DEGREE OF SOCIAL RELATIONS AND COLLECTIVE COMMITMENTS. SYMPTOMS OF STRUCTURAL DIFFICULTIES MET BY TRADE-UNIONIMS, "COORDINATIONS" WOULD NOT BE, FOR ALL THAT, CONFINED TO ORDINARY MANIFESTATIONS OF THE CRISIS EXPERIENCED BY SYNDICALISTS. Within THE SOCIAL CONFLICT'S FIELD, THE "COORDINATIONS" CONVEY A HEREAFTER OF THE SOLE SYNDICALIST PROTEST OR OF THE SIMOLE CONSIDERATION OF THE TRADEUNIONISM'S DYSFONCTIONING ; PARTICULARY UNDER THE FORME OF A PLACING OF ALTERNATIVE PRACTICES REGARDING ORGANIZATION, ACTION AND REPRESENTATION WAYS. THESE DIFFERENT WAYS, THOUGH UNCOMPLETED AND EVEN IF NOT WHURRY BREAKING WITH SYNDICALIST'S PRACTICE, MAKE THE "COORDINATION"'S FORM A REFERENCE AS AN ALTERNATIVE MODEL OF MOBILIZATION. THE APPROACH DISCUSSING "COORDINATIONS" IN TERM OF TRADE-UNIONISM'S CRISIS, ALTHOUGH THE MOST OBVIOUS, IS NETCVERTHELESSE NOT THE SOLE. THE ADVENT OF THE
Levy, Christine. "La formation de l'internationalisme prolétarien au Japon entre la fin du XIXe siècle et le début du XXe siècle." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070015.
Full textAfter an analysis of the birth of the modern Workers' Movement in its historical links with the Movement for democratic rights and freedom in the 1880s, the theses studies the relationship between nationalism and internationalism and their correlation in early days of the Workers' Movement. The internationalism of unionised Workers is expressed by the way they supported the creation of a social-Democratic Party, which was forbidden the day after, but whose activities were taken over by the members of the Socialist Association. Under these circumstances we can explain the existence of an anti-colonialist, anti-imperialist, peaceful and socialist political trend attracted towards the IInd International. This political trend built itself up around the weekly Heimin shinbun which became the paradigm of the Japanese Socialist Movement until after the First World War; and even later it had political and ideological ramifications until the 1930s. The repression of this Movement in 1911 suppressed their main leaders, but didn't eliminate its two trends: one close to the left and extreme-Left wing of the Second International, the other close to American and European Anarchism. The internationalist character of the first Socialist Movement in Japan was remarkable, emphasizing the "globalization" of ideological trends at the end of the XIXth and at the beginning of the XXth century, before the First World War initiated the "nationalization" of the Labour Movements
Lerner, Hadassa. "La femme du secteur ouvrier au Brésil : 1889-1922." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100064.
Full textThis research concentrates on uncovering the facts known about the women of the workers' population in brazil, and on comparing them with their image. The historical aspects of the beginning of the workers' movement are studied, from 1889 to 1922. The militants and believers of the egalitarian ideology claimed political and economical equality for all men. They fought, cried and died for it. The question put here is whether they believed in the equality of men and women with the same enthusiasm. We looked for an answer by researching the liftist press published in brazil, and by analyzing some of the socialist plays. Summing up, the image and the real performance of those women were found to be somewhat apart. Their contributions to the social and economical development of the country were stronger and heavier than what they were given credit for. Their importance was somewhat underestimated, and it is our hope that the present research will have helped to award to this unknown "woman soldier" some of the credit she is due
Carre-Prezeau, Jocelyne. "Amsterdam-Pleyel, 1932-1939 : histoire d'un mouvement de masse." Paris 8, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA080819.
Full textAmsterdam-pleyel (193-1939) was an international mass movement which took on an original aspect in france. In 1932, the rising number of conflicts led the third international and the communist party ot trengthen their efforts against war. The communist party called on h. Barbusse, a specialist in mass organizing, who at the time emphasized its importance. He in turn chose r. Rolland, known for his pacifist positions, as his associate. However, the amsterdam congress, where the issue of revolutionnary strategy was dominant, softened its positions. In france, the movement was based on the creation of local committees which attracted various organizations and new social groups and it took a new specific form. In 1933, thecoming to power of hitler changed the priorities : the amsterdam committee, attending the pleyel congress gave birth to the amsterdam-pleyel movement. At first, the movement was not very active against external fascism which seemed to be a quite remote danger. But in 1934, the movement established itself on a lasting basis in the nation's life and followed the french political life and the international crises which eventually led to the war. That was a new period for the amsterdam-pleyel movement which had to undergo some transformations. At first acting as an intermediate of the political party, it began to play a complementary role which emphasized political unity. Changing its name to peace and liberty, it followed the line of popular frotn for which it acted as an intermediate, with civil society. Its local
Plat, Emmanuel. "La naissance du mouvement social dans le midi aquitain 1870-1914." Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU1078.
Full textOn the fringes of the national territory, the shaping of the social movement in the Southern Aquitaine region (Lower Pyrenees and Landes) has singular characteristics. The study of strikes in these departments highlights the contours of the local workers' movement. It thus appears that labour disputes fit perfectly with this period. While many strikes took place in the years leading to the Great War, some had a particular impact both locally and nationally, such as the Bayonne dockers or the Landes resin workers.This "decentralising" work sheds light on the local workers' behaviour during a key period in the construction of social identities
Mozzicafreddo, Juan Pedro. "État, mouvements et luttes sociales : processus politique portugais 1974-1976." Montpellier 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON10001.
Full textLe, Port Éliane. "Ecrire sa vie, devenir auteur : le témoignage ouvrier depuis 1945." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE041.
Full textThis research is based on one hundred and sixty testimonies of workers who write about an experience of work and working conditions in various professional contexts and environments, since 1945. The writing of work and working-class identity can be found in various genres : autobiographies, narratives, novels inspired by experiences of work, diaries, poems, collective writings, testimonies written from interviews. This thesis, which is part of a diachronic perspective, aims at analyzing the ways work is represented in its specific locations and how workers represent themselves through writing.A first axis analyzes the conditions of production and reception of the narratives as well as the professional, social and militant characteristics of the writers. In addition to the experience they bring, the workers show a practice of writing which it is necessary to contextualize and recompose. As such, the entry into writing, the practices, the scriptural modalities as well as the publication build author figures. Those figures will be differentiated and analyzed in a second part. An important focus of our research concerns the enunciation of work experience by the authors : through space and time, body involvement and authorities at work, I will finally try to reflect on the way this variety of texts contributes to a working culture
Grez, Toso Sergio. "Les mouvements d'ouvriers et d'artisans en milieu urbain au Chili au XIXe siècle : 1818-1890." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0061.
Full textBretin-Maffiuletti, Karen. "Histoire du mouvement sportif ouvrier en Bourgogne : un autre regard sur les organisations sportives travaillistes (fin des années 1930-fin des années 1970)." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOL005.
Full textAfter having generally and quite unanimously established the worker sport movement as a political apparatus, historians have more recently started to question the concept of worker sport as being an entirely homogenous and marginal organization caught within tight links binding it to political and union movements. A thorough study of the worker sport movement in Burgundy from the late thirties into the late seventies allows to confirm how judicious this questioning is, ad emphasizes the necessity of looking at worker sport in a new and somewhat different light. Indeed, at a regional scale, it appears that worker clubs, which depend upon dedicated light. Indeed, at a regional scale, it appears that worker clubs, which depend upon dedicated activists, are well integrated into the Burgundian reality and rely – for their functioning and their activities – on a popular rather than working-class system of values, actually enjoy autonomy from the political and union spheres on different levels. Thus, the emergence and the development of worker sports activities – also conditioned within smaller circles by the competition between different types of sports societies – seem to be owing more to the mobilisation of a few devoted individuals than to the initiatives of the regional worker movement. In the same way, while worker clubs frequently communicate with their direct environment – more particularity with the sport movement in general, the relationship they entertain with worker organisations hardly amounts to anything more than occasional contacts and has been kept mainly informal. Finally, enquiries, led at the very heart of the worker societies in Burgundy, show that if the latter constitute privileged spaces for the development of original sports habits – particularly distinct from the modalities and the legitimate conception of the practice, their activities, the human exchanges created and the motivation of their members globally remain quite free from political designs
Cheresky, Isidoro. "Populisme, autoritarisme et dynamique démocratique dans la société argentine." Toulouse 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU20070.
Full textBonzom, Mathieu, and Mathieu Bonzom. "Mobilisations et politisation d'immigrés latinos à Chicago et aux États-Unis, à la lumière du mouvement du printemps 2006." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804943.
Full textLefèbvre, François. "Une famille d'industriels dans le departement de la somme de 1857 a la veille de la seconde guerre mondiale : les saints. approche d'une mentalite patronale." Amiens, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AMIE0009.
Full textLecerf, Eric. "La raison au risque du chômage." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081623.
Full textVindt, Gérard. "Histoire sociale d'une entreprise : la compagnie Péchiney, 1921-1973." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100109.
Full textViguier, Alain. "Renault Billancourt, 1950-1992 : le parti communiste et les ouvriers. Identités ouvrières et identité de parti : identités ouvrières et identité de parti." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H106/document.
Full textThis thesis retraces the history of the workers’ conflicts at Billancourt starting in the 1950ies in their connection with the communists’ policies, dominant at the time, and carried out by the skilled workers. It highlights and analyses the hidden factors of the transformations that affect the different conflicts and the worker identities that manifest themselves in these conflicts. The domination of the communist model of the 50ies, destabilized by the dynamics of the conflicts of the years around 1968, was the work of the skilled workers. This dynamism was stimulated by the transformation of work engaged upon in the previous decades. Their insubordination, their protests about work and racism, the strength of the blockade strikes, thwart the French communist party policy oriented towards the union from the unskilled workers to the engineer. The initiative of the rupture, in 1977, of the left, attested to the failure of the PCF’s ambition to remain the leading party. In 1981, the PCF counted in vain on a successful, but unwished for, participation in the government. This participation disappointed the workers, activating contradictions within its militant corps. The factory world dislocated. Working class centrality and class concept had lost all operational reality, while the communist policy of categorical particularization was powerless to stem a political "balkanisation" of wage earners. Violent disagreements broke out in the sections, and were seen in the factory by divergent practices. The radical campaign for the "ten of Billancourt", proposals for alternative management, failed. The ties between the party and the workers were weakened, leaving the immigrants alone and helpless in the face of job suppressions
Dumont, Paul. "De l'empire ottoman a la turquie actuelle. Etudes d'histoire politique, sociale et culturelle." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STR20063.
Full textThe evolution of turkish history at the end of the 19th and during the first half of the 2oth century presents for a historian a particularly fascinating subject. During this period, social transformations attain a spectacular extent. The purpose of the 40 studies assembled here is to throw a light on these transformations. This was done mostly by exploitation of ignored or little known archival material. Modelling on technique and objectives of three kindred historical branches political history, social history and history of ideas - these studies deal with various fields: mostly with the origins of the worker's movement and the beginning of socialism in turkish society - particularly in its rural strata; two other groups concern res- pectively the history of jewish community in turkey and that - some- times parallel - of ottoman freemasonry; a fifth file assembles articles on the part played by islam in today's turkey, finally the last set of studies concerns the various aspects of political and social history of the present-day turkish world
Durr, Aurélien. "Albert Treint : itinéraire politique (1914-1939)." Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131012.
Full textThe study of Albert Treint’s political career, member of the committee for the support of the third international, leader of the French Communist Party and militant of the communist opposition within the anti-stalinist left, brings a new light of the history of the French labour movement in the interval war period. He contributed to the creation of the French Communist Party and played a major role in its bolshevisation process, period of the history of that party which appears with many regards as a clear component of its specificity. He also played a prominent part in the controversies and the political struggles which characterize the first years of the French trotskyst movement. His political action was frequently reduced to the three years (1923-1925) during which he occupied the highest positions in the French Communist Party, applying the policy dictated by the direction of the Third international. He has left the image of an authoritative leader ruling his party with a iron hand according to that row model which was the Russian Communist Party, leading witch hunt campains against the “trotskyst” and “rightlys” opponents. His commitment to the opposition led by the left and its militant production devoted to both the evolution of the communist movement and the search of new revolutionary ways reflects an innovative and nonconformist thought ignored up to now. Our approach singles out the analysis of his political speeches particularly through articles and booklets because of the absence of personal archives. It reveals a complex and ambivalent personality, which cannot be summarized by the caricature of “capitain Treint”, popularized by its detractors
Marty, Laurent. "Histoire du travail, travail de la mémoire et travail de l'historien." Lille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL30012.
Full textThe central object is the study of the position occupied by working class in the field of social communication. Our study was centered around the different ways of expression used by the working class, starting from the situation of communication in which it is involved ? Especially in the professionnal context, with particular attention to these two following aspects: -the working class in the textile industry at Roubaix during the first industrial revolution -the "working writers" in the north of france in the 19th and 20th centuries: what are the conditions which allow a worker to get access or not to the litterary field ? The anthropological approch of the context of communication has been prefered, using traditionnal sources and personnal interview
Marin, Manuel. "Les élections à Sabadell de 1869 à 1910." Rouen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ROUEL115.
Full textIn Sabadell, an important textile catalonian center, the electors's social-professional situation is the principal explicative factor of electoral behaviours; the influences of electoral propaganda, of religion, of the political system and of illiteracy were secondary. The electoral participation of immigrants is a sign of their integration within the workers's community. The strong electoral mobilization of workers in favour of federalists decreased fraud and "caciquisme" and led to a real democratic life in Sabadell. In spite of their involvement to the anarchist trade-unionist thesis in the social field, nearly all the workers voted for federalists who had integrated in their reformist project the main working claims. After the slump in 1898, the local middle class broke with the dynastic parties gradually and joined the "Lliga Regionalista", the new political instrument of the catalonian middle class. In 1906, the making-up of "solidaritat catalana" gave rise to a serious slump within local federalism, which enabled the Lerrouxistes to settle in Sabadell
Houle-Courcelles, Mathieu. ""Une grande union pour tous les travailleurs" : la One Big Union au Québec (1919-1929)." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30131/30131.pdf.
Full textLE, YAOUANC JENNAWI NADIA. "La theorie de l'etat dans le mouvement ouvrier francais avant 1914. Pouvoir politique, suffrage universel, classes et transformation socialiste : les positions des leaders du socialisme politique ( jaures, guesde, vaillant, ...); comparaison avec leurs adversaires antietati." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010276.
Full textThe work concerns the position of the french socialist movement as regards state, before 1914 ; the approach is resolutely doctrinal, striving to display the logical structure and conceptual connections. One tries as much as possible to survey all the tendencies referring to social revolution. However, a primary distinction is to be made between anti-state socialists(anarchists, revolutionary syndicalists, allemanists) and "political" socialists (guesde, vaillant, brousse, jaures), who appeal to state to perform the social transformation. The latter constitute the main concern of our work. In a first step, one studies the respective role of state, of republic and universal suffrage, in the strategies of "revolutionaries" (guesde, vaillant) and "gradualists" (jaures after 1900). One shows that state has a central place in both, although in a quite different way. In a second step, one displays common theoretical postulates, on which the positions of revolutionaries and gradualists are both relying - and which regard the state structure and the analysis of universal suffrage. These postulates are for a large part borrowed from juridico-constitutional conceptions. One thus brings to light, at the root of political socialism, and present from the beginning, an "instrumental" conception of state, distinct at the same time from marxism and from the traditional idea of the neutrality of the state. According to this conception. The state may pass from the control of the economically dominant class to the one of the ruled classes, and therefore serves conservative or progressive goals as well
Roudé, Catherine. "Des collectifs de cinéma militant dans la France de l' après 1968 : micro-histoire de Slon et Iskra (1967-1988)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010544.
Full textThis thesis questions the modalities of political intervention among protagonists of the French cinematographic field from the late '60s until the late '80s, through the study of the two production groups derived from one and the same basis, Slon ( 1969-1973), followed by Iskra. This work concentrates on the concept of collective activist cinema, faithful to its definition forged during the given timespan, through the prism of production, of the execution and circulation of works produced in this context. The development of the activist collective firstly goes through the elaboration of specific production patterns in opposition with the functioning of the film industry. Difficult to reconcile with the inherent constraints of the film industry, the structural research led by groups fonned after 1968 is a constant until the early '80s, when cinema activists initiate a reverse movement, towards institutionalization. The confrontation between the movies accomplished in this background in response to the key moments of the social movement and according to the claimed policies, shows both the diversity of ways in the commitment through cinema and the difficulty in turning the collective ideal into hard facts. Some of the works studied also reveal the discrepancy between the ambitions of their production structures and their actual capacity for action. The way Slon and Iska organize the distribution of their catalogue made up of numerous products realized in contexts other than the initial, gives rise to new schemes which were not anticipated among their original tasks. Mobilizing new human resources from both inside and outside the group, the distribution had a huge impact on the manner the collective functioned as a whole. It is by the means of this very activity that the members of Iskra finally adapt their structure to the shifts occurred in the broadcasting field ail along through the '80s
Depoorter, Pascal. "Figures de la dignité ouvrière : enquête sur les usines Brissonneau-Chausson de Creil (1950-1996)." Amiens, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AMIE0002.
Full textJourdin, Steve. "Le sionisme socialiste : émergence, apogée et déclin d'une culture politique (1905 – 1995). Une histoire politique et sociale d'Israël." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0070.
Full textHow can we explain the fact that the Zionist experience in Palestine did not conclude in chaos? From its foundation on May 14, 1948, what prevented the young Israeli democracy from dissolving despite opposing factors such as wars, mass immigration beyond calculation and economic crises? To answer these questions and to understand the achievements of the Zionist revolution, one must move beyond the traditional explanatory frameworks of nationalism, liberalism or socialism. Starting with the Mapai victory (under the leadership of David Ben-Gurion) at the elections for the eighteenth Zionist Congress of 1933, Labour Zionism became the leading ideology within the Zionist movement. Over time, the cultural and political influence of Labour Zionism succeeded to influence the Yishuv, which has lead to a unique historical phenomenon: for the first time, a movement claiming to be part of socialism created a sovereign state; it laid the foundations of a democratic entity; and shaped the set of values for a new nation. The hypothesis of this thesis is that Labour Zionism was a project that was linked to the republican tradition. Without always being fully aware of it, Socialist Zionists were, in their own way, experimenting and implementing republican ideas. In keeping the interests of the greater society above individual interests, the Labour movement developed a new political universe with modern institutions and a civic virtue that aimed to protect the polity from dissolution. The republican ambition of Labour Zionism was embodied in its conception of democracy as egalitarian, patriotic and imbued with civic virtue.In order to offer a faithful recounting of the neoliberal turning point of the Israeli economy in 1985, and the role of the Israeli political left in this social and economic paradigmatic switch, this thesis draws on the primary sources kept in the state archives in Jerusalem. In using the records of the Labour movement, this thesis retraces the great 'moments' of Socialist Zionism, from its Russian Revolutionary origins (1905) to its decline at the time of Israel's definitive entry into the 'new economy' in the early 1990s.In the context of increasing tensions within Israeli society between social groups, and the moral crisis following the Lebanon war (1982), this thesis argues that liberal ideas triumphed over republican ideals. In depicting this transformation, the contemporary political turmoil (the so-called 'civic crisis') is put into perspective
Hupfel, Simon. "L' évolution comparée des manufactures de soieries de Lyon et de Londres, 1789-1848 : une approche institutionnaliste." Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENSL0088.
Full textThe bulk of the investigations undertaken in this thesis could be described as an attempt, taking the silk manufactures of Lyon and London in a comparative view, to shed some light on the nature of the economic and political transitions experienced by France and England between 1789 and 1848. Both the performances and the general attributes of the two industries were very similar by the end of the18th century ; both of them being especially organised on the basis of thousands of urban workshops. The great flexibility of this organisation enabled the manufacture to respond to the brisk variations of the demand for luxury upon which it depended. In this framework, the enthusiasm shared by the weavers from Lyon and London to set up institutions securing to them the possibility to participate to the collective regulation of their trade soon entered in contradiction with the project, gaining ground on both sides of the Channel, to engage further into the division of labour by regrouping workers in bigger units of mechanized production. Each community thus had to face new attacks threatening their bodies of regulations, the intensity of which is even amplified after the fall of Napoléon. Those attacks finally led the national authorities to repeal the official wage-fixing mechanisms existing in both industries (occuring in 1824 in London, and in 1831 in Lyon). While this repeal initiated the decline of the London manufacture, its main French rival continued to develop well into the second half of the century. The main argument we introduce is that such a striking divergence should be related to the existence in Lyon of a web of local autonomous institutions capable of regulating the complex functionning of urban dispersed manufactures, contrasting with the weakness of the London’s structures of local government. Although this disparity derives partly from the specificities of the Lyon case, it has also been caused by the political choices made by the national authorities of the two countries. The attention devoted to the study of the influence of different forms of government on economic activity could thus provide original reasons to explain the French specialization on upper quality manufactured goods, and consequently to understand the role played by skilled urban artisans in the emergence of a workers’ movement in France and England
Spina, Raphaël. "La France et les Français devant le service du travail obligatoire (1942-1945)." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00749560.
Full textFavier, Anthony. "Égalité, mixité, sexualité : le genre et l'intime chez de jeunes catholiques du mouvement de la Jeunesse Ouvrière Chrétienne (JOC-F), dans les années 1968 et au-delà (1954-1987)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20116/document.
Full textThis works aims to question the evolutions brought by young people aged 14 to 25 in two mouvements of Specialized Catholic Action in 1960s France. Historiography makes a link between social changements in gender or intimacy issues during this time and students as social actors and the phenomenon of secularization, however, this study would like to renew the field by focusing on the young people in a religious mouvements aimed at the working class. Born in the interwar period on a line of uncompromising moral and Christian reconquest of the workers, YWCs became unexpected but real actors of gender evolutions in French society of the postwar boom. The mouvements represent a middle way of social change by seeking an original ecclesial and social position in accordance with the double injunction of a Christian and social activist movement. The beginning of the coeducation, debates on gender equality in schools, at work or in society, as well as matters of sexual emancipation are a good historic observatory of the evolution on gender. While Catholicism gradually abandoned as a primary form insertion into society as a lay specialized Catholic Action from the 1970s, this history is also that of the consequences of secularization on a denominational movement. The bursting of meaning, the development of a practical pluralism, the search for autonomy reflect the tensions in contemporary French Catholicism since the 1980s on issues of gender and intimacy in the very contemporary
Massipe, Alexandre. "S'engager aux côtés de la classe ouvrière pour "changer la vie" : 1919-1939." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010519.
Full textThomas, Jean-Baptiste. "Insubordination ouvrière en Argentine (1973-1976) : contribution à l’élaboration d’un « cinquième récit » des années 1970." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030132.
Full textUntil the coup of March 1976, the 1970s were characterised in Argentina by a dramatic increase of social conflict in general, and of worker conflict in particular. This situation, which was initiated by the Cordobazo of May 1969, goaded the military regime of the Argentinian Revolution. The return to power of the Peronists in 1973, after 18 years of proscription, could not stop the deepening conflict. It continued after Juan Domingo Perón’s death, and throughout Isabel Perón’s period in power. In 1975 it led to the first ever general strike in Argentinian history, which was orchestrated against a justicialist government: the Rodrigazo. Simultaneously, in the most radical sectors of the workers’ movement, coordination and self-organisation structures (the Coodinadoras) began to appear. This work covers the constitutional period from May 1973 to March 1976, and focuses on the widening rift between Perón and the workers and the population at large. It aims to contribute to a “fifth” reading of the 1970s in Argentina by positioning itself at the crossroads between social history and labour history, and basing itself on mainstream and militant press coverage of the time and oral history. Unlike the four historiographical readings which have predominated since 1976 (the “military reading”, the “two demons theory”, the “renewal reading”, and the “kirchnerist reading”) this work aims to analyses the conditions from which the social conflict emerged, the different ways in which it expressed itself, its crystallisation through various forms of organisation and self-organisation, and also the role played by the radical left in the process
Civardi, Christian. "Le Mouvement ouvrier écossais, 1918-1931." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612702p.
Full textCivardi, Christian. "Le mouvement ouvrier ecossais (1918-1931)." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20027.
Full textThe thesis is divided into four main parts. The first two are devoted to a study of the demographic, economic, social and cultural background to the scottish labour movement. We first take stock of the demographic and economic decline, which is a feature of scotland in the post-wwi decade which greatly determined the working and living conditions of its labouring population. Our second part is a study of the various components of scottish working-class culture, conducted through an analysis of the various institutions church, school, family, pub, stadium, library, etc. . - through which it is conveyed. We also examine in this part the attempts at creating a workers' counter-culture, based upon specifically proletarian values. Our third part is devoted to the labour movement itself : we study its political, trade union and co-operative organisations, with a particular emphasis on the i. L. P. Devoted to a study of the "workers' struggles", our final part follows a chronological pattern, from the revolutionary optimism of 1919 to the failure of the 1926 general strike and its aftermath
Bolle, Francine. "La mise en place du syndicalisme contemporain et des relations sociales nouvelles en Belgique, 1910-1937." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209412.
Full textL’ambition de la présente thèse est de pallier l’absence d’étude d’ensemble sur le mouvement syndical belge de l’entre-deux-guerres, période essentielle dans le processus de mise en place du syndicalisme contemporain en Belgique. Cette période est en effet non seulement marquée par l’avènement d’un syndicalisme de masse, par l’intégration des syndicats dans des nouveaux systèmes de relations industrielles (reconnaissance généralisée des syndicats par le patronat et l’État comme interlocuteurs privilégiés dans la négociation du contrat de travail), par leur attribution à l’échelle nationale d’un rôle officiel dans la redistribution des secours étatiques de chômage, mais également par de profondes réformes des structures et des fonctionnements syndicaux (centralisation, concentration et rationalisation accrues).
Notre étude tente d’analyser comment et suivant quelles modalités les diverses composantes du mouvement syndical ont participé à ces transformations sociétales (y compris en ce qui concerne le nouveau rôle qu’elles y acquièrent) en même temps qu’elles se sont trouvées transformées par elles. Globalement, elle propose une évaluation des influences réciproques sur la construction du fait syndical belge :
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Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Olszak, Norbert. "Mouvement ouvrier et système judiciaire, 1830-1950." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37608535b.
Full textLeroy, Monique. "L’expression artistique comme émancipation et représentation de la classe ouvrière par elle-même." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20136.
Full textThe desire to change life, to be accomplished and emancipated in the 1830s was found through artistic expression. This continues today in other forms. The proletariat of the nineteenth century decided to no longer live the unbearable. They took hours on their free time, to educate and cultivate themselves. They founded newspapers, composed songs, poems, pamphlets, read the texts of thinkers like Saint-Simonian and Fourierists. Their struggle followed the routes of the aesthetic regime. This experience of emancipation is the link, through time, with other multiple attempts that continue to transform society, with highlights in 1936, 1968, 1995. During the social movements in 1995, the strikers chose cinematic expression to recount their struggle. A flood of images followed the strikers throughout demonstrations and General meetings. These films led to creating a different vision of strikes and to building a working memory by the workers themselves. They are a counterpoint to the images and comments offered by most of the media. They are also aesthetic experiences. This very use of the camera by workers is not new. It is part of the history of militant cinema that creates a social representation of the working world. It is necessary to understand these different periods of emancipation, to build and to analyze the figures in this history of the emergence of aesthetics in the field of working history. We must also question the political and anthropological significance of these breaking points where the desire for emancipation and fulfillment is part of an aesthetic dimension When the working class is being overhauled its identity, when the disappearance of its values is evoked, it is essential to show its fight and struggles that continue to stake its history
Chesneaux, Jean. "Le mouvement ouvrier chinois : de 1919 à 1927 /." Paris : Éd. de l'EHESS, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb370373474.
Full textPasteur, Paul. "Femmes dans le mouvement ouvrier autrichien, 1918-1934." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376002436.
Full textPasteur, Paul. "Femmes dans le mouvement ouvrier autrichien : 1918-1934." Rouen, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ROUEL004.
Full textIn the first part, the study assesses the history of the women's workers movement during the austro-hungarian empire and of women's work during the first Austrian Republic. The second and main part of this thesis analyses the relationship between worker's organizations and women : inside the free unions, the social democratic party, the austrian communist party and the catholic workers movement. The place and the role of women, the demands in their support form the central parts of those chapters. A sketch of the main militants is also drawn (A. Popp, Therese Schlesinger, Emmy Freundlich, Kathe Leichter, Gabriele Proft, Rosa Jochmann, Amalie Seidel, Anna Boschek, Wilhelmine Moik, Elfriede Friedlander, Malke Schorr, Anna Grun, Anna Stromer, Grete Rehor-Daurer. Lastly, women's contribution to autromarxism, theory and praxis is brought to evidence and analysed. These contributions touch such varied fields as co-operatives, social welfare, the international, education and culture, youth's education, women's everyday and private life : sexuality and marriage, housework. An annex includes a dictionary of active militants during the first austrian republic and various documents
Adam, Thomas. "Arbeitermilieu und Arbeiterbewegung in Leipzig 1871-1933." Köln ; Weimar ; Wien : Böhlau, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37208800t.
Full textGustavsson, Bernt. "Bildningens väg : tre bildningsideal i svensk arbetarrörelse 1880-1930 /." Stockholm : Wahlström & Widstrand, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366536119.
Full textBoivin, Marcel. "Le Mouvement ouvrier dans la région de Rouen, 1851-1876 /." Rouen : Publ. l'Université de Rouen, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36638174m.
Full textDansereau, Bernard. "Le mouvement ouvrier montréalais, 1918-1929, structure et conjoncture." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ56466.pdf.
Full textCivardi, Christian. "Le mouvement ouvrier écossais, 1900-1931 : travail, culture, politique /." Strasbourg : Presses universitaires de Strasbourg, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36982881x.
Full textModena, Dominique. "Le mouvement ouvrier au Panama, de 1850 à 1972." Aix-Marseille 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX10047.
Full textFrom 1501 onwards the existence of the interoceanic passage sealed the fate of the panama isthmus, at first economically then politically, a geographic area was built up around this strategic crossroads between two oceans, in 1850, this "centre of the world" was brought into north america's sphere of influence. On 18th november 1903, the herran-hay gave the united states exclusive control over the management and security of the canal, which became a veritable enclave, being thus subjected to both the direct influence of the north americans, the main providers of employment, and to more specifically latin american currents of opinion, the panamanian labour movement was necessarily of a district kind. Despite elements in commo, with the other latin americanlabour movements (chronology of structures and forms, and similar methods), the panamanian labour movement was characterized by two original features : the very nature of the working class itself and its relations with nationalism, its beginnings correspond to the setting up of the infrastructures aimed at developing the country's geographic importance and not the exploitation of its mining or agricultural resources, this was the original vice of the panamanian labour movement. Ruling class and exploited class were perceived in relation to the presence of the americans and not in relation to the national bourgeoisie. Thus the panamanian labour movement had very close ties with the nationalist movement, although it never completely identified itself with it and was able to keep its own independence and raison d'etre