Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Histoire – Méthode comparative'
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Groenen, Haimo. "L'ukemi, le randori et le kata : une histoire culturelle des méthodes d'entraînement en judo : étude comparée France Belgique de l'entre-deux guerres à la fin des années 1950." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10031.
Full textMarié, Éric. "La sphygmologie en Chine et en Europe des origines jusqu'au XVIIIe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0001.
Full textThis research concerns a particular aspect of the history of medicine : sphygmology or diagnosis by the palpation of pulses. Its origin, its evolution, its theories and its practices are analysed in distinctive ways in both cultural areas, Europe and China, until the junction of their medical knowledges. Then, the author explores the circumstances and modalities of the transmission of the Chinese sphygmology to Europe, principally in the 17e and 18e centuries, and its influence on the thought and on the techniques of the western physicians of that time. At last, he does a comparative study between the different aspects of this discipline, in both areas of civilisation, based on the doctrinal aspects, on the methods and on the interpretation of the signs of health and illness
Rohou, Bruno. "Modélisation des ports de Brest (France), Rosario et Mar del Plata (Argentine) en tant que macro systèmes technologiques complexes : application à la modélisation des connaissances pour l'histoire des sciences et des techniques." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0103/document.
Full textThis thesis is part of the F. Viète Centre's "Comparative History of Port Cultural Landscapes" programme and focuses on understanding the scientific and technological evolution of the ports of Brest (France), Mar del Plata and Rosario in Argentina in contemporary times. The research hypothesis is to consider a port as a complex technological macro-system whose spatial and temporal evolution as an artifact is part of the history of science and technology. These artifacts are considered as significant indicators of this evolution.The objective of this thesis is to build a comparative history of ports, to propose and validate new research methods in digital humanities. To meet these objectives, we have produced a comparative history of the considered ports.Then, we have developed a model for the evolution of these ports, called HST-PORT, based on the SHS meta-model ANY-ARTEFACT. Based on the HSTPORT model, we have developed a reference ontology, called PHO (Port History Ontology). The latter is based on the CIDOC-CRM ontology and therefore uses the corresponding event model. This ontology has been successfully evaluated by reproducing the comparative history of the considered ports made by historians. In the long term, it will be necessary to design new information systems based on these ontologies and the semantic web to index, publish and query historical sources to produce a comparative history
Ephrem, Brice. "La pêche en Aquitaine à l'époque romaine : apport de l'étude archéologique et archéo-ichtyologique de quatre sites : Barzan (Charente-Maritime), Bordeaux et Biganos (Gironde), Guéthary (Pyrénées-Atlantiques)." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR30086.
Full textThe goal of this archaeological and archaeo-ichthyological study is to address an activity rarely described by historians: the fishing on the coast of Aquitaine during the Roman period (1st – 3rd century AD). The renewal of the information, few concerning this subject, required an archaeo-ichthyological study conducted on four archaeological sites: Barzan (Charente-Maritime), Bordeaux and Biganos (Gironde), and the salting installation of Guéthary (Pyrénées-Atlantiques). For the first time in this region, the fish bones remains were collected according to sampling strategies adapted to the characteristics of each archaeological site, in order to obtain representative data of the consumed fish species. These data were compared with ancient written and iconographic sources and with modern and contemporary works concerning the fishing and the ecology of the studied ecosystems. This comparative method allowed to clarify ancient texts, and to suggest hypothesis about the fishing techniques used thanks to the fish species discovered on the sites, their size and their season of capture. According to the economic purpose (fresh fish consumption or fish processing), the fishing specificities but also the connections between the exploited environments and the used techniques were studied. The fishing activity involved an adaptation to ecosystems targeted but also to economic and cultural criteria, specific to the Roman period. The exchanges between the studied sites were discussed in order to think about the supply of marine fishes to Bordeaux. In this context, the economic significance of the unique salting installation of Roman Aquitaine, situated in Guéthary, was discussed. The part of the Roman influence in the development of this production was demonstrated by the convergence of several archaeological and historical data
Morcrette, Quentin. "Tracer la route : les cartes d'itinéraire du papier à l'écran, usages et représentations : contribution pour une étude diachronique comparée (France/Etats-Unis)." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE2138/document.
Full textDigital technologies deeply change the way in which societies grasp their environment and represent space Cartography is not exempt from these changes, maps are more widespread than ever and are being used for new purposes. Among them, the use of route specific maps, made easier by technical and technological developments. Many online maps are used for itineraries, and most of them come from United States-based corporations.These observations raise the questions of how to understand this specific use of maps when put in a chronological and comparative perspective ? Is this an innovation or rather an actualization of a previous type of mapping practice ? What is the status of these itineraries when studied in a multifaceted perspective ?This research addresses these questions using three main approches : cartobibliographical, semiological and processual, and relying on extensive map collections from the Bibliothèque nationale de France and the Newberry Library. The main results bring new insights on the changes taking place with the transition from a primarily paper cartography to a primarily on-screen cartography and call for a redefinition of the status of maps in the digital era
Sato, Kaori. "La socialité du sujet : dialogue entre Rosenzweig et Levinas." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100024.
Full textThe objective of our present study is to examine the philosophical context in which the research of a subjectivity which would be linked to the idea of the exteriority becomes possible. This objective will be achieved thanks to the study of the connection between Franz Rosenzweig’s philosophy and Emmanuel Levinas’s philosophy. In our research the idea of sociality is founded upon the question of the exteriority and upon the question of the subjectivity. Both Rosenzweig and Levinas are determined to put the idea of the totality into question and to defend the subjectivity. However, their differences are great: Levinas’s endeavor to open the field for a new understanding of the subjectivity, which consists in the disturbance of the order, doesn’t appear in Rosenzweig’s system. If such is the case, what does Levinas’s philosophy owe to the heritage of Rosenzweig? In the first part, we try to determine the realm of the notion of system and that of totality in their philosophies. In the second part, we try to observe the difference between their philosophies about the conception of the Self and of its link to the exteriority. In the third part, we examine the meaning of a sociality founded upon the question of time. In our view, the question of language, which is the basis of the relationship between a subject and the other, is inseparable from a profound analysis of time. The modalities of language – the connection between the dialogue of the “face-to-face” and the intervention of the other into the subject expressed by Levinas as “ Saying without Said” - allow us to underline the relation between the philosophy of Levinas with that of Rosenzweig. Levinas has deeply studied Rosenzweig’s understanding of the dialogue without depreciating its signification
Ben, Moussa Syrine. "Convergences et divergences des ţubūˁ à travers le Maghreb : Cas des Aşbaˁayn tunisien, Zīdāne algérien et Hijāz al-Kabīr marocain : étude analytique et comparative." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040124.
Full textThe Arab-Andalusian music has been the object of an abundant literature from the second half of the 19th century: at first, through an Orientalist perspective fed by a spirit of curiosity in search of exoticism, then through transcription attempts and musicological research focused on the study and the classification of the corpuses. Fruit of a long common gestation, the Arab-Andalusian repertoires are influenced by exogenous and endogenous fluctuations. Unfortunately, the comparative approach of the variants from the Maghreb and the thorough analysis of musical scales remain little explored. This thesis proposes an analytical and comparative study of three North African ţubū, with equivalent scales: Tunisian Aşbaˁayn, Algerian Zīdāne and the Moroccan Hijāz al-Kabīr. The identification of melodic behaviors inherent to the three corpuses is reached by the combination of several analytical approaches. The statistical processing of melodies (occurrences, notes duration, internal finales, and fundamental degrees) will be followed by a paradigmatic analysis based on conclusive patterns. An empirical study, based on the interpretation of frequency measurements, will allow us to compare intervals ratios and the variation margin of note pitches. The first part deals with a diachronic approach demonstrating, on the one hand, the dynamic character of the studied directories and on the other side, justifying certain differences and convergences deduced from the various analysis
Candelise, Lucia. "La médecine chinoise dans la pratique médicale en France et en Italie, de 1930 à nos jours : représentations, réception, tentatives d'intégration." Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00643428.
Full textRidley, Simon. "Les sens de la liberté d’expression : socio-anthropologie comparative des campus de Berkeley et de Nanterre : appropriations, retournements, récupérations, recompositions et prolongements des mémoires collectives du Free Speech Movement de 1964 et du Mouvement du 22 Mars de 1968." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100013.
Full textThe university is one of the strongest institutions of the modern era. After having been a prime place for dissent in the 1960s, today it is the target of unprecedented attacks by the far-right. This work aims to follow a conflict of definition via a multi-sited ethnography using freedom of expression on university campuses as a world for research. The method combines comparative historical sociology – of the Free Speech Movement (1964) and the Mouvement du 22 Mars (1968) – with a socio-anthropological approach, to shed light over the dualization of the collective memories of student movements. Taking an inductive approach, I travel with my fieldwork via commemorative rites, terrorist attacks, an immersion in several revolutionary groups and a diversity of autonomous practices, all the way to the Trump inauguration and the battle of free speech with the rise of the alt-right and the far-right shows/meetings on campuses, and a series of urban riots. The systematic radical contextualization as well as the practice and genealogy of archives, a living knowledge and lateral comparison, commit to a historical study of the university. Against the theories of human capital and of democracy as a marketplace of ideas, I trace the questions of emancipation following the emergence of a « civic generation » after 1944 to the uses of digital technologies as cultural attacks on democracy. This political ethnography encourages us to (re)think sociology and critical pedagogy as counter-discourses against an anti-intellectual culture, and in doing so it aims to empower a culture of democratic intelligence, a reflexive heritage
Métoz, Laurent. "De la glottochronologie à la "Nouvelle Synthèse" : Histoire de la linguistique comparative américaine de 1950 à nos jours : concepts et méthodes." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENSF0022.
Full textFor about twenty years now, american comparative linguistics has undeniably left its mark on world-wide linguistics. The phenomenon of convergence of multi-field works such as those of the Shool of Stanford (bringing together Luigi Cavalli-Sforzan (genetics), Colin Renfrew (archeaology) and Merritt Ruhlen (linguistics) a. K. A "New Synthesis" is one of the best proofs. Theirs works, like those their partisans, converge towards only one goal : to understand the origin of Mankind by the study of its genetic, cultural and linguistic diversity. Of course, such a convergence is not a spontaneous creation, it is the result of a slow process whom, from amerindian languages studies of Swadesh and Greenberg, ceased never making converge linguistic, archaeology and genetics. Furthermore, Merritt Ruben, linguistic leader of the "New Synthesis", owes much to them (e. G. Concept of basic vocabulary, development of the multilateral comparison). So, on focusing on this succession of methods of linguistic classification, we can carry out a reflection centered on three essential points : - How have emerged these methodologies ? - What about their theoritical and methodological value ? - How this succession of linguistic classifications has allowed the emergence of the "New Synthesis" ? On these basis, the aim of this work is twofold : - To make a precise description of the methodologies used by american linguistis (Swedesh, Greenberg and Ruhlen) and to analyse the methodological and theoritical links which may exist between them so as to understand the slowly and implacable construction of the "New Synthesis". - To explain, by the study of some genetic and archaeological aspects, some one of its limits
El, Alaoui Youssef. "Jésuites, Morisques et Indiens : Etude comparative des méthodes d'évangélisation de la Compagnie de Jésus d'après les traités de José de Acosta (1588) et d'Ignacio de las Casas (1605-1607)." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL301.
Full textStarting from the treaties of José de Acosta (De Procuranda Indorum Salute, 1588) and of the jesuit of moorish origin Ignado de Las Casas (De los Moriscos de Espana, 1605-1607, that we have transcribed and criticised), we have analysed two important aspects of the politic of evangelization and of assimilation of the moriscos in Spain (Grenada and Valence) and of American Indians (Quito and the amazonian region of the maynas) in the kingdom of quito : the apprenticeship of native languages (the Arabic, the Quechua and other Amerindian languages) and the education of children with a view to form auxiliaries of the evangelization. In order to situate the action of the Jesuits in the context of the policy of assimilation and of accumulation made by the crown and the church against those minorities, we have analysed comparatively certain aspects of this policy through the study of the decisions made in the various assemblies that took place in Spain about the Moriscos question, the legal system and the decisions made by the synods and the American councils, especially Synod of Guadix (1554) and Council of Lima III (1583). To add to our analysis, we have also used the testimony of several Jesuit missionaries from the region of Maynas (16th-18th century). The comparative analysis of the Jesuit methods of evangelization on those two populations has enabled us to find a strategy of the missionary and the approach of the other along the lines of the planetary expansion of christianism. Through the treaties of José de Acosta and of Ignacio de Las Casas, last Jesuit testimony on the Moriscos problem that we consider and the matching piece of the treaty of Acosta, De Procuranda, we have seen that the Society of Jesus was standing out from the other actors of the evangelization of those minorities by his humanist vision of the other and the respect of certain particularisms
Diaz, Villalba Alejandro. "Le participe dans les grammaires des langues romanes (XVe-XVIIIe siècles). Histoire comparée d'une classe grammaticale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA080.
Full textThe study investigates the history of the word-class of participle through a close study of a corpus of French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian grammars which were published between the 15th and 18th centuries. The comparative approach is based on the methodological principle of “series of texts”, by grouping and collating a hundred works according to several variable parameters: the chronology, the theme or the grammatical tradition of the language in question.The first part of the study deals with the linguistic categorization and questions the nature of the non-finite verbal forms, especially the participle and its use in an analytical verbal form. The second part deals with the history of the participle from a more general point of view. Thus, after an overview of the problematic aspects of Greek and Latin grammarians, the analysis focuses on the treatment of the word-class in the grammars of the Romance languages. The third part focuses on the approaches and concepts used by the Renaissance grammarians to deal with compound tenses and on how they described and (re)-categorized the participle forms of these verbal tenses
El estudio presenta la historia de la clase del participio a través de un corpus de gramáticas de español, francés, italiano y portugués publicadas entre los siglos XV y XVIII. El enfoque comparativo se basa en el principio metodológico de la constitución de series textuales, que nos permite agrupar y cotejar un centenar de textos en función de parámetros variables: la cronología, el tema o la tradición gramatical de la lengua objeto.La primera parte aborda el asunto de la categorización en lingüística e indaga la naturaleza de las formas no finitas del verbo, especialmente la del participio y su utilización en las formas analíticas del verbo. La segunda parte propone una aproximacióna la historia del participio desde una perspectiva más general. Así pues, tras una cala en los aspectos problemáticos relacionados con el participio tratados por los gramáticos griegos y latinos, el análisis se centra en el tratamiento de la clase en las gramáticas de las lenguas romances. La tercera parte investiga sobre los enfoques y los conceptos que emplean los gramáticos del Renacimiento para tratar los tiempos compuestos, y sobre el modo en que describen y (re)categorizan las formas participiales de esos tiempos verbales
Salama, Abdel Aziz Mohamed. "Etude comparée des méthodes de spéculation, d'argumentation et de polémique sur les questions relatives à Dieu chez les théologiens chrétiens et musulmans du VIIe S. /1er S. Au XIIIe S. /VIIe S." Lyon 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO31003.
Full textResche, Stéphane. "Le théâtre de Beniamino Joppolo (1906-1963) : histoires, mythes, interprétations." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100173.
Full textMy research studies Beniamino Joppolo’s (1906-1963) complete theatrical works. The first part retraces the author’s biographical, aesthetic, poetic, artistic and political life and presents, in so doing, the historical context of the elaboration of each of his forty-seven plays. This part is subdivided in four sections dealing with respectively his youth, the Milan years, the post-war period and the Parisian decade. The second part focuses on I carabinieri and the complex experience that the play, indisputably a hallmark in Joppolo’s work, generates. It presents a genetic and comparative study of the different versions of the play, and analyses Joppolo’s collaboration with playwright J. Audiberti, and the workings of its adaptation for the stage (R. Rossellini, 1962) and for the screen (J.-L. Godard, 1963). The third part tracks the many clues left by the author to explore the stage adaptations of his productions and offers personal insights into three plays, related to the absurd, expressionist and magic-realist movements. A detailed bibliography precedes the required appendices : a structured chronological table; a synopsis for each identified play; the translations of Lʼimbottigliaggio mostro [Massive traffic jam], Lʼattesa [The wait], Il fiore giallo e lʼalbero parlante [The golden flower and the talking tree], et I microzoi [The microzoons] ; Giovanni Joppolo’s, the author’s son, interview, conducted in 2013 ; three indices (names and notions, illustrations, general index)
Il nostro lavoro è incentrato sull’opera teatrale di Beniamino Joppolo (1906-1963).La prima parte segue il percorso biografico, estetico, poetico, artistico e politico di J., especifica la situazione storica in cui ogni singola opera (47 in totale) è stata elaborata. Essa èsuddivisa in quattro capitoli dedicati al periodo giovanile, agli anni milanesi, al periodo deldopoguerra e al decennio parigino.La seconda parte dettaglia l’esperienza complessa de I carabinieri, pièce simbolicadell’intera produzione teatrale joppoliana. Si costituisce di uno studio genetico comparativodelle varie versioni del testo, e di un’analisi della collaborazione di J. con il drammaturgo J.Audiberti, e delle due concretizzazioni maggiori, quella registica di R. Rossellini (1962) equella cinematografica di J.-L. Godard (1963).La terza parte riprende gli indizi dati da J. con l’obbiettivo di realizzare scenicamente leproduzioni. Essa propone inoltre un approccio più personale di tre pièce rispettivamenteassociabili alle correnti assurda, espressionista e magico-realista.Una bibliografia dettagliata precede una serie di documenti annessi indispensabili: unatabella cronologica strutturata; una presentazione sintetica di ogni pièce repertoriata; letraduzioni de Lʼimbottigliaggio mostro [Monstrueux embouteillage], Lʼattesa [Lʼattente], Ilfiore giallo e lʼalbero parlante [Paroles de fleur dʼor et dʼarbre transparent], e I microzoi [Lesanimalcules]; l’intervista di Giovanni Joppolo, figlio dell’autore (2013); e tre indici (nomi enozioni, documenti iconografici, indice generale)
Kruggel, Björn. "La mémoire en mouvance." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8437.
Full textThis master’s thesis develops and tests a methodology that tries to understand the textbook as an object of historical and discourse analysis. The method centers primarily on the textbook and combines tools of literary criticism and historical research, using quantitative and qualitative analysis, while trying to capture the reader’s experience of the narrated history. We analyze the narration of the Korean war in the textbooks from six different coun- tries (East and West Germany, mainland China, the United States, Chile and Argentina) at two different times (1962 and 1992). The Korean war has been a major event of the cold war between capitalist and communist world and lead to the nuclear arms race. It introduced the model of the proxy war as a means of conflict resolution between the two ideologies. A larger comparison of a precise event can yield indications about how the different levels of social memory work and can explain elements of of the cycles of historiograph- ical paradigms.