Relevant bibliographies by topics / Histology, Pathological

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Histology, Pathological'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Histology, Pathological"

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VIRCHOW, RUDOLF. "As Based upon Physiological and Pathological Histology." Nutrition Reviews 47, no. 1 (April 27, 2009): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1989.tb02747.x.

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Simeone, C., A. Guerini, T. Zambolin, V. De Luca, E. Frego, G. P. Da Pozzo, V. Magri, and S. Cosciani Cunico. "Bladder Wall Histology and Duration of Obstruction." Urologia Journal 59, no. 1 (February 1992): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039205900106.

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In BPH patients, obstruction leads to a progressive modification in the structure of the bladder wall, with histo-pathological changes which are often irreversible. In order to detect these changes and their possible correlation with function, muscle biopsies of the bladder were taken from 28 patients during endoscopic resection for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The samples were examined by means of electron microscope to show ultrastructural charges. The magnitude of the lesions can be correlated to function, seriousness and duration of the obstruction. Detecting histo-pathological damage can justify earlier treatment in obstructed BPH patients, in order to avoid those bladder lesions, which are the probable cause of clinical disorders which may persist even after therapy of the adenoma.
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Suo, Liye, Martha Caicedo Murillo, Brian Gallay, and Reut Hod-Dvorai. "Discrepancy Analysis between Histology and Molecular Diagnoses in Kidney Allograft Biopsies: A Single-Center Experience." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 18 (September 7, 2023): 13817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813817.

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Histology diagnosis is essential for the monitoring and management of kidney transplant patients. Nowadays, the accuracy and reproducibility of histology have been criticized when compared with molecular microscopy diagnostic system (MMDx). Our cohort included 95 renal allograft biopsies with both histology and molecular diagnoses. Discrepancies between histology and molecular diagnosis were assessed for each biopsy. Among the 95 kidney allograft biopsies, a total of 6 cases (6%) showed clear (n = 4) or borderline (n = 2) discrepancies between histology and molecular diagnoses. Four out of the six (67%) were cases with pathologically and clinically confirmed active infections that were diagnosed as mild to moderate T-cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) with MMDx. Two cases showed pathological changes that were not sufficient to make a definitive diagnosis of active rejection via histology, while MMDx results showed antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). In addition, there were six cases with recurrent or de novo glomerular diseases diagnosed only via histology. All other biopsy results were in an agreement. Our results indicate that histology diagnosis of kidney allograft biopsy is superior to molecular diagnosis in the setting of infections and glomerular diseases; however, MMDx can provide helpful information to confirm the diagnosis of active ABMR.
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Fukuzawa, Hiroaki, Takeshi Aoba, Makiko Yoshida, Hideto Iwafuchi, Junki Koike, Hiroaki Kitagawa, Naoto Urushihara, Akiko Yokoi, and Kosaku Maeda. "Pathological Features of the Unilateral Favorable Histology Nephroblastoma with Relapse." Fetal and Pediatric Pathology 34, no. 6 (October 16, 2015): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15513815.2015.1095258.

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Malmgaard-Clausen, Nikolaj Moelkjaer, Michael Kjaer, and Stephanie G. Dakin. "Pathological Tendon Histology in Early and Chronic Human Patellar Tendinopathy." Translational Sports Medicine 2022 (October 4, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2799665.

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The present pilot study investigated the extent of histological tissue changes in both chronic tendinopathy and in individuals that display early clinical signs of tendinopathy. The study included 8 individuals of whom 3 were healthy without any tendon symptoms, 2 had early symptoms (1–2 months), and 3 had chronic symptoms (>3 months) from their patellar tendons. Percutaneous needle biopsy samples were obtained from the affected tendon tissue region. Biopsy samples were stained with Haematoxylin & Eosin, and multiplex immunofluorescence staining was performed for markers of inflammation and resolution. Both early and chronic stage patellar tendon biopsy samples from this small patient cohort exhibited expansion of the interfascicular matrix (IFM) and endotenon regions together with increased cellularity and vascularity. These histological observations were moderate in early tendinopathy, whereas they were more pronounced and associated with marked disruption of tissue architecture in chronic tendinopathy. Early stage tendinopathic patellar tendons expressed markers associated with an activated phenotype of fibroblasts (CD90, CD34), macrophages (S100A8), and endothelial cells (ICAM1, VCAM1). These tissues also expressed enzymes implicated in inflammation (PTGS2, 15PGDH) and resolution (ALOX12) and the proresolving receptor ERV1. Immunopositive staining for these markers was predominantly located in the IFM regions. These preliminary findings suggest that mild to moderate structural histological changes including expansion of IFM and endotenon regions are pathological features of early tendinopathy, and support inflammatory and resolving processes are active in early-stage disease. Further investigation of the cellular and molecular basis of early-stage tendinopathy is required to inform therapeutic strategies that prevent the development of irreversible chronic tendon disease.
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Awad, Ziad T., Thomas C. Smyrk, Robert E. Marsh, Tetsuya Tomonaga, Yutaka Shiino, and Charles J. Filipi. "Eosinophilic esophagitis: Is histology specific for the clinico-pathological syndrome." Gastroenterology 114 (April 1998): A62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(98)80249-7.

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Dhir, R. "Prediction by Quantitative Histology of Pathological Stage in Prostate Cancer." Yearbook of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 2006 (January 2006): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1077-9108(08)70107-5.

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Pepe, P., A. Galia, F. Fraggetta, G. Grasso, R. Allegro, and F. Aragona. "Prediction by quantitative histology of pathological stage in prostate cancer." European Journal of Surgical Oncology (EJSO) 31, no. 3 (April 2005): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2004.12.002.

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Erber, Ramona, and Arndt Hartmann. "Histology of Luminal Breast Cancer." Breast Care 15, no. 4 (2020): 327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000509025.

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Background: Invasive breast cancer (IBC) can be categorized into prognostic and predictive molecular subtypes (including luminal breast cancer) using gene expression profiling. Luminal IBC comprises a variety of histological subtypes with varying clinical and pathological features. Summary: IBC of no special subtype is the most common histological subtype in general and likewise within luminal IBC. Classical invasive lobular breast cancer, typically clustering into luminal subgroup, is characterized by discohesive growth and loss of E-cadherin expression. Infrequent, morphologically distinct luminal IBC subtypes are tubular, invasive cribriform, mucinous, and invasive micropapillary carcinomas. Breast carcinoma with apocrine differentiation, with characteristic expression of androgen receptor (AR), often clusters into the luminal AR category. Rarely, neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast can be seen. IBC of the male breast usually matches with the luminal subtype. Key Messages: Independently from histological subtypes, invasive breast cancer (IBC) can be divided into molecular subtypes based on mRNA gene expression levels. Using this molecular subtyping, risk scores based on gene expression profiling (established for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative IBC), grading, and Ki-67 index, prognosis of patients with luminal breast cancer and response to chemotherapy can be predicted. In routine diagnostics, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 status, and the proliferation rate (Ki-67) are used to determine a surrogate (molecular-like) subtype. Within luminal(-like) IBC, no special subtype and invasive lobular breast carcinoma are the most common histological subtypes. Other rare histological subtypes (e.g., tubular carcinoma) should be recognized due to their distinct clinical and pathological features.
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Luo, Ju Dong, Xu Jing Lu, Ling Chen, Yan Ma, Ying Ze Kong, Yang Ling, Shu Yu Zhang, Jian Ping Cao, and Xi Fa Zhou. "The Relationship of Pathological Datas of Gastric Cancer Patients after Radical Gastrectomy with Radiotherapy." Advanced Materials Research 641-642 (January 2013): 828–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.641-642.828.

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Mdthod :110 gastric cancer patients were selected from Feb 2004 to Jan 2006, who had complete pathological data and were underwent radical resection. All patients were diagnosed by endoscopy, preoperative histologic diagnosis and exclusion from distant metastasis, using D1 or D2 lymph node dissection, postoperative pathology confirmed stump negative. Univariate analysis was applied on the pathologic information and multivariate analysis was applied based on the univariate analysis. Result :(1)Univariate analysis showed that tumor diameter、histology、vascular invasion、lymphatic vessel invasion and neural invasion were correlated with T/N classification.Multivariate analysis showed that vascular invasion and lymphatic vessel invasion were correlated with T classification and lymphatic vessel invasion was associated with N classification. (2) For T and N stages, lymphatic vessel invasion was strongly related factor. Conclusion: For T and N stages,, lymphatic vessel invasion was strongly relevant factor. For patients with confirmed lymphatic vessel invasion, postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is suggested.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Histology, Pathological"

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du, Toit Nicole. "Anatomical, pathological and clinical study of donkey teeth." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4385.

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Eighty normal cheek teeth and 26 normal incisors extracted from 14 donkeys (median age 19 years) at post mortem were anatomically examined including grossly and by computerised axial tomography (CAT) imaging. Decalcified histology was performed on 54 sections from 18 teeth (8 donkeys), undeclacified histology on 16 sections from 7 donkeys and scanning electron microscopy on 10 sections from 10 teeth (3 donkeys). The dental formulae and tooth number was found to be the same as in horses with a higher prevalence (17 %) of canine teeth in female donkeys. A decrease in tooth length, pulp horn length and pulp horn width with age was illustrated, as was an increase in occlusal secondary dentine depth with age, although not all these age changes were statistically significant. Normal histological and ultrastructural features of donkey teeth were identified and found to be similar to equine findings. Enamel was found to be thicker buccally in both maxillary and mandibular cheek teeth. Quantitative measurements of transverse dentine thickness around pulp cavities, dentinal tubule diameters and densities, and enamel prism diameters were made. Left lower incisors (301) were extracted from 7 donkeys and 6 horses for micro-hardness determination of enamel, primary and secondary dentine using a Knoop Hardness indenter. No significant difference between donkey and horse incisor microhardness was demonstrated. Examination of 19 donkey skulls at post mortem examination showed donkeys to have a higher degree of anisognathia (27%) compared to horses (23%). Post mortem dental examination of 349 donkeys (median age 31) demonstrated a high prevalence of dental disease (93%) and in particular cheek teeth diastemata (85%). Furthermore, age was associated with increasing prevalence of dental disease and diastemata. Diastemata were also associated with the presence of other dental disorders and with colic-related death in affected donkeys. Quantitative measurements of 45 diastemata from 16 donkeys showed no difference in the medial and lateral width of diastemata but periodontal pockets were deeper laterally. The definition of valve and open diastemata were confirmed. Pulp exposure, dental caries and periodontal disease were examined in detail (54 skulls) at post mortem. A total of 19 teeth were extracted for further detailed examination as performed in normal anatomy. Clinical dental examinations were performed on 357 donkeys in the U.K. that were selected for age distribution, and the prevalence of dental disease in different age groups was found to increase from 28% in the youngest group (age 0-10 years) to 98% in the oldest group (age > 35 years). An increased prevalence of most dental disorders with age was demonstrated as was an association between dental disease and weight loss, poor body condition score, supplemental feeding and previous episodes of colic. Clinical dental examination of 203 working donkeys in Mexico showed similar types of dental disorders as found in the U.K. study, with dental disease present in 62%, of which 18% required urgent dental treatment. There was a significant association between age groups and dental disease, and age groups and body condition score, but there was no association between dental disease and body condition score. However, body condition score was not associated with supplemental feeding or faecal egg counts either.
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Brant, Stephen. "Distribution of renal S100 proteins in physiological and pathological models." Thesis, University of East London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342101.

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Anné, Jennifer. "HISTOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PATHOLOGICAL VERSUS NORMAL BONE IN ALLOSAURUS FRAGILIS AND MODERN AVIANS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/103924.

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Geology
M.S.
In modern organisms the structure and arrangement of bone apatite crystals is dependent on the arrangement of the organic collagen fibers. This is reflected in the formation of different types of bone tissue, such as woven (immature) or lamellar (mature), in pathological versus normal bone, or fast-growing (woven) versus slow-growing (lamellar) tissue. Because the basic physiological processes of fracture healing are similar in extant vertebrates, similar patterns may exist in fossil taxa. The three questions of interest for this study were the following: 1) Do differences exist in modern bone apatite crystallinity between normal and pathologic bone? 2) Are differences between normal and pathologic tissue consistent in both modern and fossil bone? 3) Does the type of bone tissue affect fossilization? In this study, we use histological and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses to examine fracture pathologies in pedal phalanges from the theropod dinosaur Allosaurus fragilis, and two modern bird species, Branta canadensis (Canada goose) and Cathartes aura (turkey vulture). Raman spectroscopy analysis was performed on modern birds, but not fossil material. Stable isotope and rare earth elements (REE) analyses were performed on fossil material to determine if there are differences in how pathologic bone fossilizes compared to normal bone. Results from Raman spectroscopy and XRD confirm that pathologic bone is more crystalline than normal bone in both fossil and modern taxa. Stable isotope and REE analyses do not show any difference in fossilization between pathologic and normal bone, suggesting that these techniques are more suitable for examining taphonomic rather than physiological differences.
Temple University--Theses
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Murcia, Silvia. "Myxobolus cerebralis in native Cutthroat trout of three spawning tributaries to Yellowstone Lake a qualitative ecological risk assessment /." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/murcia/MurciaS0808.pdf.

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Most environments impose periodic or stochastic stress on natural populations, which increase susceptibility to diseases. Infection by Myxobolus cerebralis (exotic parasite causing salmonid whirling disease) is strongly influenced by a stream\'s physicochemical attributes and stressors, which may also affect host pathology. Susceptibility to M. cerebralis varies greatly among different species and subspecies of the salmonid host, but little is known about lesion severity or location of infection among the native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri). In 2002 and 2003 we performed a series of 10-day sentinel cutthroat fry exposures and habitat assessments in various sites of three M. cerebralis-positive tributaries to Yellowstone Lake: the Yellowstone River, Pelican Creek, and Clear Creek. At 90 and 150 days post-exposure, fry were examined by polymerase chain reaction and histology to determine prevalence, severity, and location of infection. The goal was to identify spatiotemporal patterns of infection, and physicochemical features of the streams influencing it, and potentially facilitating parasite invasion and establishment. Results on fish (young and adult) host infection data, environmental attributes, and tubificid host presence/absence data in the study streams were used to develop an ecological risk assessment for parasite establishment and whirling disease in this ecosystem. Results from our qualitative risk ranking systems suggest that the cutthroat trout of the Yellowstone Lake basin are highly susceptible to M. cerebralis infection, with the most severe lesions in cartilage of the cranium and jaws, especially in systems with high water temperatures and ionic content. Our results also suggest that such environmental features are most conducive to parasite establishment, especially in tributaries of the lake basin used by cutthroat trout as spawning and rearing habitats. Thus, this study has implications for both ecology and parasitology as it reveals that environmental components can affect when and where a pathogen resides within the host, and thereby affect manifestation of disease. Recognition of the specific environmental attributes most conducive to parasite establishment, and disease, can increase future diagnostics, detection, and management efforts, strengthening the likelihood of correctly predicting M. cerebralis\' and similar pathogenic invasions and establishment in unsampled sites.
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Ribera, Cortada Inmaculada. "Papel del factor de transcripción SOX11 en la caracterización del linfoma de células del manto." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/400827.

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El Linfoma de células del Manto (LCM) es un linfoma B maduro, con una característica sobreexpresión de la proteína nuclear Ciclina D1. Se caracteriza por presentar un curso clínico agresivo, aunque se ha observado que algunos pacientes tienen un curso clínico más indolente. Recientemente se ha observado que el factor de transcripción SOX11 tiene una sobreexpresión específica en este tipo de linfoma. El diagnóstico diferencial entre el LCM y otros tipos de linfoma B puede ser difícil. Un problema es el diagnostico diferencial entre el Linfoma Difuso de Célula B Grande (LDCBG) Ciclina D1 positivo y las variedades pleomórfica y blastoide del LCM. Dado que los pacientes se tratan de forma diferente es importante identificar parámetros que permitan establecer el diagnostico diferencial. Estudios recientes han identificado algunos LCM que de forma peculiar presentan una diferenciación plasmocelular. Recientes trabajos han implicado SOX11 en el bloqueo de la diferenciación B terminal a través de la expresión forzada de PAX5. Así pues estas observaciones permiten postular que la diferenciación plasmocelular y más ampliamente el inicio de la diferenciación B-terminal en LCM se debe producir preferentemente en LCM SOX11 negativos. En esta Tesis doctoral hemos estudiado el papel del factor de transcripción SOX11 en el LCM. La intención era poder encontrar herramientas prácticas que nos ayuden a poder identificar y caracterizar mejor al LCM. En este sentido hemos estudiado el valor de SOX11 y otros parámetros en el diagnostico diferencial entre el LCM y el LDCBG Ciclina D1 positivo y por otra parte hemos analizado la diferenciación B-terminal en LCM y su relación con la expresión de SOX11. En el primer manuscrito de esta Tesis hemos teñido 206 LDCBG para Ciclina D1 e identificamos tres casos (1.5%) positivos. Los tres casos eran SOX11 negativos y por FISH se confirmó la ausencia de aberraciones de CCND1. Se estudiaron 22 LCM, todos expresando Ciclina D1 con 89% de los casos expresando SOX11, una frecuencia estadísticamente significativa en relación al LDCBG Ciclina D1 positivo. Una cohorte separada de 98 LDCBG resulto negativa para SOX11, con solo un caso Ciclina D1 positivo. Este LDCBG Ciclina D1 positivo tampoco presento aberraciones de CCND1 por estudios de FISH. En el segundo manuscrito de esta Tesis hemos investigado el fenotipo de diferenciación terminal de células B en 60 LCM 41 SOX11-positivos y 19 SOX11-negativos. Se observaron células plasmáticas monotípicas y células linfoides con diferenciación plasmocítica expresando Ciclina D1 en 7 (37%) casos SOX11-negativos, pero en ninguno de los 41 casos SOX11-positivos (p<0.001). Los tumores SOX11-negativos tenían más frecuentemente una expresión intensa citoplasmática con restricción de una cadena ligera de inmunoglobulina que los positivos (58% vs 13%) (p=0.001). Similarmente los casos SOX11-negativos tenían una expresión de BLIMP1 y XBP1 significativamente más frecuente que en los casos positivos (83% vs 34% y 75% vs 11%, respectivamente) (p=0.001). Sin embargo, no se observaron diferencias en la expresión de IRF4/MUM1 entre estos subtipos de LCM. En resumen, las conclusiones principales de esta Tesis son que el LDCBG Ciclina D1 positivo es poco frecuente, es negativo para SOX11 o aberraciones de CCND1. Por tanto SOX11 es útil en el diagnostico diferencial entre LDCBG Ciclina D1 positivo y LCM. Además el LCM SOX11-negativo puede ser un subtipo específico de este tumor que se caracteriza por presentar con mayor frecuencia características morfológicas e inmunofenotípicas de diferenciación terminal de células B, que pueden ser facilitadas por la ausencia del factor de transcripción SOX11.
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is characterized by a proliferation of malignant B lymphocytes, presenting an aggressive clinical course, although some patients have a more indolent presentation. The genetic hallmark of this lymphoma is the t(11;14)(q13;q32) leading to the overexpression of Cyclin D1. SOX11 is new and specific diagnostic marker for MCL. Cyclin D1 overexpression can also be seen in other hematological malignancies such as Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). These cases may pose diagnostic challenges and are difficult to differentiate from MCL. In the first study of this Thesis we stained 206 DLBCLs for Cyclin D1 and identified 1.5% positive cases. These DLBCLs showed SOX11 negativity and absence of CCND1 aberrations. Also 22 MCLs were studied, with 89% cases expressing SOX11. A separate cohort of 98 DLBCLs was negative for SOX11, with only one case expressing Cyclin D1. Experimental studies have shown that silencing of SOX11 in MCL cells promotes the shift from a mature B cell into an early plasmacytic differentiation phenotype suggesting that SOX11 may contribute to tumor development by blocking the B-cell differentiation program. In the second study of this Thesis we have investigated the terminal B-cell differentiation phenotype in 60 mantle cell lymphomas. Monotypic plasma cells and lymphoid cells with plasmacytic differentiation expressing Cyclin D1 were observed in 37% SOX11-negative cases but in none of the SOX11-positive MCLs (p<0.001). BLIMP1 and XBP1 expression was also significantly more frequent in SOX11-negative than positive cases (83% vs 34% and 75% vs 11%, respectively) (p=0.001). These results indicate that SOX11-negative MCL may be a particular subtype characterized by more frequent morphological and immunophenotypic terminal B-cell differentiation features that may be facilitated by the absence of this transcription factor. In summary, the main conclusions of this Thesis are that Cyclin D1-positive DLBCLs are rare and negative for SOX11 or CCND1 aberrations. There fourth SOX11 is useful in differentiating Cyclin D1-positive DLBCL from MCL. We also demonstrated that SOX11-negative MCL is a particular subtype of this tumor characterized by more frequent morphological and immunophenotypic terminal B-cell differentiation features.
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Van, Heerden Willem F. P. "Pathology of the head and neck : a retrospective appraisal /." Access to E-Thesis, 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10052005-153741/.

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Thesis (D.Sc.(Odontology))--University of Pretoria, 2003.
"Published work submitted to the University of Pretoria for the degree of Doctor of Science in Odontology (Oral pathology)". Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Van, Heerden W. F. P. (Willem Francois Petrus) 1958. "Pathology of the head and neck : a retrospective appraisal." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28438.

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Линдін, М. С. "Удосконалення роботи Наукового центру патоморфологічних досліджень Сумського державного університету в умовах реформування системи охорони здоров’я." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2022. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/87718.

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У роботі проведено дослідження структури та функцій патологоанатомічної служби в Україні, її актуальні проблеми на сучасному етапі та органи при проведенні реформ. Проведено аналіз умов надання діагностичних послуг у Науковому центрі патоморфологічних досліджень СумДУ, як однієї зі складових патологоанатомічної служби, та проаналізовано основні показники його діяльності. На основі цього було виявлено основні проблеми та потенційні кризи у організації та управлінні роботи Наукового центру патоморфологічних досліджень. На основі виявлених проблем розроблені програми розвитку для подолання наявних та можливих перешкод в умовах реформування медицини.
В работе проведено исследование структуры и функций патологоанатомической службы в Украине, ее фактические проблемы на настоящем этапе и органы во время реформ. Был проведен анализ условий предоставления диагностических услуг в научном центре патоморфологических исследований СумГУ, как один из компонентов патлогоанатомической службы, и проанализированы основные показатели его деятельности. Исходя из этого, были выявлены основные проблемы и потенциальные кризисы в организации и управлении работой Научного центра патоморфологических исследований. На основании выявленных проблем были разработаны программы развития для преодоления доступных и возможных препятствий в условиях реформы медицины.
A study of the structure and functions of the pathoanatomical service in Ukraine as well as its actual problems at the present stage and organs during reforms have been conducted. The analysis of the conditions for the provision of diagnostic services at the Scientific Center of Pathomorphological Studies of SSU, as one of the components of the pathoanatomical service has been conducted, and the main indicators of its activity have been analyzed. On this basis, the main problems and potential crises in the organization and management of the scientific center of pathomorphological research have been identified. On the basis of identified problems, development programs have been developed to overcome available and possible obstacles in the conditions of medicine reform.
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Gonzalez, Jorge Del Pozo. "A study of the aetiology and control of rainbow trout gastroenteritis." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1081.

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Disease has been identified as a major problem in the aquaculture industry for the welfare of the fish stocked as well as for its economic impact. The number of diseases affecting cultured fish has increased significantly during recent years with the emergence of several conditions that have added to the overall impact of disease on the industry. Frequently, a lack of scientific knowledge about these diseases is compounded by an absence of effective treatment and control strategies. This has been the case with rainbow trout gastroenteritis (RTGE), an emerging disease of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). This study investigated several aspects related to its aetiology and control. A retrospective survey of UK rainbow trout farmers was undertaken to ascertain the extent and severity of RTGE in the UK as well as to identify RTGE risk factors at the site level. Participants in this study accounted for over 85% of UK rainbow trout production in 2004. It was found that the total number of RTGE-affected sites had risen from 2 in the year 2000 to 7 in 2005. The disease was only reported from sites producing more than 200 tonnes of trout/year for the table market. Analysis of risk factors associated with RTGE at the site level showed that this syndrome was associated with large tonnage and rapid production of rainbow trout for the table market. The data collected during this study enabled the identification of those sites that were most likely to present with RTGE the following year and this information was used to study the epidemiology of RTGE at the unit level. A prospective longitudinal study was undertaken in 12 RTGE-affected UK sites. It described in detail the impact, presentation, current control strategies and spread pattern of RTGE within affected UK sites. The risk factors associated with RTGE presence and severity were also investigated. Data were collected for each productive unit (i.e. cage, pond, raceway or tank) on the mortalities, fish origin, site management and environmental factors. RTGE was identified using a case definition based on gross pathological lesions. Analysis of these data revealed that RTGE behaved in an infectious manner. This conclusion was supported by the presence of a pattern typical of a propagating epidemic within affected units. Also, the risk of an unaffected unit becoming RTGE positive was increased if it had received fish from or was contiguous to a RTGE-affected unit. The presentation also suggested an incubation period of 20-25 days. Risk factor analysis identified management and environmental risk factors for RTGE, including high feed input and stressful events, which could be used to generate a list of control strategies. A study of the histopathological and ultrastructural presentation of RTGE was conducted. The location of segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) and pathological changes found in affected fish were examined. Pyloric caeca were the digestive organ where SFB were found more frequently and in higher numbers, suggesting that this was the best location to detect SFB in RTGE-affected trout. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed a previously undescribed interaction of SFB with the mucosa of distal intestine and pyloric caeca and this included the presence of attachment sites and SFB engulfment by enterocytes, as previously described in other host species. The SFB were not always adjacent to the pathological changes observed in the digestive tract of RTGE-affected trout. Such changes included cytoskeletal damage and osmotic imbalance of enterocytes, with frequent detachment. These observations suggested that if SFB are indeed the cause of RTGE their pathogenesis must involve the production of extracellular products. Analysis of the gross presentation and blood biochemistry in RTGE-affected fish was used to examine the patho-physiologic mechanisms of RTGE. To enable identification of positive RTGE cases for this study, a case definition was created from the information available on RTGE gross presentation in the literature. This case definition was assessed in a sample including 152 fish cases and 152 fish controls from 11 RTGE-affected UK sites, matched by unit of origin. The analysis of these fish using bacteriology, packed cell volume (PCV) and histopathology revealed that RTGE occurred simultaneously with other parasitic and bacterial diseases in a percentage of fish identified with this case definition. With the information gained after analysing the gross presentation, RTGE-affected fish without concurrent disease were selected for the study of the pathogenesis, which included blood biochemical analyses. These analyses revealed a severe osmotic imbalance, and a reduced albumin/globulin ratio suggesting selective loss of albumin, typical for a protein losing enteropathy. The role of the SFB “Candidatus arthromitus” in the aetiology of RTGE was assessed using a newly developed “C. arthromitus”-specific polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR) in conjunction with histological detection. This technique was applied to eight different groups of trout, including an RTGE-affected group and seven negative control groups. This analysis was conducted on DNA extracted from paraffin wax-embedded tissues as well as fresh intestinal contents. The results revealed the presence of “C. arthromitus” DNA in apparently healthy fish from sites where RTGE had never been reported. Additionally, SFB were observed histologically in two trout from an RTGE-free hatchery. These findings do not permit the exclusion of “C. arthromitus” as the aetiological agent for RTGE, although they suggest that the presence of these organisms in the digestive system of healthy trout is not sufficient to cause clinical disease, and therefore other factors are necessary. In conclusion, this study has used a multidisciplinary approach to the study of RTGE which has generated scientific information related to the epidemiology, pathogenesis and aetiology of this syndrome. The results of this project have suggested priority areas where further work is required, including experimental transmission of RTGE, field assessment of the control strategies proposed and further investigation into the aetiology of RTGE.
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Toussaint, Jérôme. "Tumeurs mammaires de grade histologique intermédiaire et ambiguïté biologique: amélioration de l'application clinique du grade tumoral :cancer du sein et grade histologique, mythe ou réalité biologique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209987.

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Les anatomopathologistes disposent d’outils permettant d’assister leurs décisions cliniques et d’évaluer les risques de récidive des patientes atteintes d’un cancer du sein. Parmi ceux-ci, le grade histologique du cancer du sein divise les patientes en trois sous-groupes pour lesquels le grade histologique 1 et 3 sont respectivement associés à de bons et mauvais pronostics. Cependant, cet outil est loin d’être parfait, dû au manque de reproductibilité de ce système et du risque de récurrence intermédiaire, peu informatif, des patients classés dans la catégorie « grade 2 ».

Afin de mieux caractériser ces tumeurs de risque intermédiaire, notre laboratoire a introduit un score appelé « Gene expression Grade Index (GGI) », basé sur l’expression de 97 gènes définis par microarrays. De façon intéressante, ce GGI permet de diviser les patientes de grade histologique 2, sur base de leur profil d’expression, en 2 groupes correspondant aux tumeurs de grade 1 ou aux tumeurs de grade 3. Cependant, bien que le GGI apporte une information importante, son applicabilité clinique est limitée par son prix et la nécessité d’utiliser du matériel congelé.

Durant ce travail de thèse, nous avons transposé la signature microarrays en un test RT-PCR, appelé PCR-GGI, basé sur l’expression de 8 gènes qui permet de reproduire les performances du GGI à partir de tissus congelés ou conservés dans de la paraffine. Cette amélioration permet de faciliter son utilisation en routine clinique.

De plus, nous avons approfondi notre connaissance du grade histologique, au niveau génomique et transcriptomique, et montré que les tumeurs mammaires (ER-positives) peuvent être divisées en deux groupes :un premier groupe de faible instabilité génomique, exprimant faiblement les gènes de prolifération et présentant un faible risque de récurrence ;et un deuxième groupe de haute instabilité génomique (impliquant principalement des amplifications localisées dans les régions 8q et 20q), une expression importante de gènes de prolifération et un mauvais pronostic.

D’autre part, les carcinomes canalaires in situ (DCIS) présentant des similarités avec les tumeurs invasives, nous avons voulu mieux comprendre le comportement du grade tumoral parmi ces tumeurs pré-invasives. Nous avons donc intégré le PCR-GGI au VNPI et défini le VNPI-GGI. Comparé au VNPI classique, le VNPI-GGI identifie mieux les patientes qui vont récidiver tôt dans les groupes de risque intermédiaire et haut, et permet donc d’éviter le sur-traitement.

Cependant, le calcul du VNPI est un travail fastidieux et le PCR-GGI seul ne permet pas de prédire les risques de récidives des DCIS. Nous avons donc cherché un nouveau marqueur pronostique. Alors, qu’il existe des preuves de plus en plus nombreuses supportant l’importance du rôle anti-tumoral des cellules myoépithéliales, nous avons montré qu’une diminution de l’expression de CD10 – un marqueur des cellules myoépithéliale – était hautement corrélée au risque de récidive. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance tant de l’agressivité de la tumeur que de son environnement directe, dans la progression tumorale.

En terme d’applications, les résultats obtenus durant ce travail de thèse nous ont permis de développer des outils utilisables par les cliniciens afin d’améliorer la prise en charge des patientes.

Traditional histopathological tools routinely used to evaluate breast cancer prognosis are designed to assist physicians in their evaluation of clinical outcome. The histological grade of invasive breast cancer, that assigns patients to one of 3 groups for which histological grade 1 and 3 tumors are respectively associated with lower and higher rate of recurrence, has long provided clinically important prognostic information. However, this tool is far from perfect due to concern over reproducibility and intermediate risk of recurrence of the histological grade 2 that is not informative for clinical decision.

To better characterize tumors classified as histological grade 2, our group has introduced a score called Gene expression Grade Index (GGI) based on a cassette of 97 genes defined by Microarrays. Interestingly, the GGI was able to reclassify patients with histological grade 2 tumors into 2 groups with distinct clinical outcomes similar to those of histological grade 1 and 3, respectively. However, its clinical applicability still remains expensive and often requires frozen tissue.

During this thesis work, we have transposed the GGI onto a qRT-PCR assay, called PCR-GGI, based on a set of 8 genes that could recapitulate in an accurate and reproducible manner the prognostic performance of GGI using both frozen and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples, to facilitate its use in clinical practice.

Moreover, we have explored histological grade of invasive breast cancer at genomic and transcriptomic level and we have shown that two classes of ER-positive invasive breast cancer are observed: a first of low genomic instability, low proliferation gene expression and low risk of recurrence; and a second of high genomic instability (implying a major role for amplification of region located on chromosome arms 8q and 20q), high proliferation gene expression and worse prognosis.

In addition, since Ductal Carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive breast cancer show concordant biologic behavior, we attempted to better understand the molecular basis of grade in pre-invasive breast cancer. We have then incorporated the PCR-GGI in the VNPI and defined the VNPI-GGI to improve its prognostic value. Compared to the classic VNPI, the VNPI-GGI had a better potential to identify early relapsing patients in the intermediate and high score group, and avoid under treatment in high-risk DCIS patients.

However, VNPI scoring is a tedious work and PCR-GGI alone can’t predict recurrence in pre-invasive breast cancer. We aimed then to find news prognosis marker in the field of DCIS. As there is now growing body of evidence supporting the role of myoepithelial cells (MECs) as natural tumor suppressors, we have showed that a decrease of CD10 expression- a surface biomarker of MECs – was significantly associated with an increased risk of relapse.

These results highlight the importance of assessing intrinsic DCIS properties as well as juxta-tumoral stroma, both seems to have a major role in DCIS progression.

In terms of applications, from these results obtained during this thesis work, we developed methods applicable into clinical practice to improve patients management.


Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Books on the topic "Histology, Pathological"

1

Cormack, David H. Clinically integrated histology. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1998.

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Paola, Domizio, and Lowe D. G, eds. Reporting histopathology sections. London: Chapman & Hall, 1997.

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Lowe, D. G. Macro techniques in diagnostic histopathology. London: Wolfe Medical Publications, 1990.

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MRCPath, Stevens Alan, Lowe J. S, and Young Barbara, eds. Wheater's basic histopathology: A colour atlas and text. 4th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2002.

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S, Lowe J., ed. Human histology. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier/Mosby, 2005.

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K, Bogoi͡avlenskiĭ I͡U. Patomorfologii͡a tkaneĭ i organov khozi͡aina posle primenenii͡a antigelʹmintikov. Ashkhabad: Ylym, 1992.

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McKee, Phillip H. Pathology of the skin with clinical correlations. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co., 1989.

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MD, Harrington Alexandra, and Olteanu Horatiu, eds. Lymph nodes. New York, NY: Demos Medical Pub., 2013.

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Sandritter, Walter. Sandritter histopathology: Textbook and color atlas, with 648 illustrations, 576 in color. 8th ed. Toronto: B.C. Decker, 1989.

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Al-Nafussi, Awatif I. Histological diagnosis of tumours by pattern analysis: An A-Z guide. London: Arnold, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Histology, Pathological"

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Dennison, John, Charles Oxnard, and Peter Obendorf. "Pathological Anatomy and Histology." In Endemic Cretinism, 83–144. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0281-7_6.

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Gallagher, James A., Štefan Kopecký, Svetoslav Štvrtina, and Jozef Rovenský. "Pathological Anatomy and Histology of Ochronosis." In Alkaptonuria and Ochronosis, 105–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15108-3_20.

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Bauer, T. W., and B. N. Stulberg. "The Histology of Osteonecrosis and its Distinction from Histologic Artifacts." In Bone Circulation and Vascularization in Normal and Pathological Conditions, 283–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2838-8_31.

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Amato, Giuseppe. "Pathological Anatomy and Histology of the Herniated Groin." In Inguinal Hernia: Pathophysiology and Genesis of the Disease, 29–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95224-2_4.

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Khurana, Jasvir S., and Krishnan K. Unni. "Pathological Diagnosis of Common Tumors of Bone and Cartilage." In Handbook of Histology Methods for Bone and Cartilage, 447–94. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-417-7_33.

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Ectors, Nadine. "Normal Appendix: Anatomy, Specimen Dissection and Histology Relevant to Pathological Practice." In Morson and Dawson's Gastrointestinal Pathology, 475–80. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118399668.ch28.

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Takubo, Kaiyo, and Neil A. Shepherd. "The Normal Oesophagus: Anatomy, Specimen Dissection and Histology Relevant to Pathological Practice." In Morson and Dawson's Gastrointestinal Pathology, 1–10. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118399668.ch1.

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Petras, Robert E. "Normal Small Intestine: Anatomy, Specimen Dissection and Histology Relevant to Pathological Practice." In Morson and Dawson's Gastrointestinal Pathology, 279–92. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118399668.ch17.

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Hutchins, Gordon, Nicholas P. West, and Phil Quirke. "Normal Large Intestine: Anatomy, Specimen Dissection and Histology Relevant to Pathological Practice." In Morson and Dawson's Gastrointestinal Pathology, 509–23. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118399668.ch32.

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West, Kevin P. "Normal Anal Region: Anatomy, Histology Relevant to Pathological Practice and Specimen Handling." In Morson and Dawson's Gastrointestinal Pathology, 757–62. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118399668.ch41.

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Conference papers on the topic "Histology, Pathological"

1

Killian, Megan L., and Tammy L. Haut Donahue. "Effect of Pathological and Physiological Loads on Interleukin-1α Protein Production in Porcine Menisci." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192145.

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The meniscus performs several functions for the maintenance of knee joint health, such as load transmission and joint stability. Meniscal lesions have been suggested as a precursor to the onset of osteoarthritis (OA)[1]. Such lesions often lead to surgical removal of the torn portion of the meniscus, increasing cartilage to cartilage contact area. Partial meniscectomies have been shown using finite element analysis and histology to lead to altered and increased mechanical loading on the remaining meniscus and underlying articular cartilage[2,3]. Consequently, pathological compressive strains of more than 15% have been shown to increase proteoglycan breakdown and meniscal matrix degradation[4]. Preliminary investigations in our laboratory have demonstrated an increase in interleukin-1α (IL-1α) gene expression of meniscal explants subjected to pathological levels of dynamic compressive strain [6,7]. This inflammatory cytokine has been attributed to apoptosis and matrix degradation[5]. However, gene expression measurements merely suggest possible matrix remodeling mechanisms and do not necessarily result in protein syntheses from which matrix changes occur. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to quantify protein synthesis of IL-1α in porcine meniscal implants after compressive strain exercises. It was hypothesized that, similar to mRNA expression, protein synthesis for pathologically loaded (0 or 20% dynamic strain) samples would be greater than samples loaded to physiological levels (10% strain).
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Barros, Elias de Souza, Mateus Souza-Barros, Priscila da Silva Lopes, Thaís de Angiolis Pimenta, Jhonnatan Silva de Souza, Ábner Souza Paz, Ana Elis Guimarães Araújo, Valquíria do Carmo Alves Martins, and Júlia Mônica Marcelino Benevides. "Inflammatory cytokine network from blood plasma differs between clinical-pathological aspects of colorectal cancer patients." In ​III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF HEALTH. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeiiisevenhealth-024.

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Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common solid neoplasms in the world. Inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) have been controversially associated with the progression of the disease, but their clinical and prognostic relevance remains poorly investigated. Objective: The aim of this work is to describe the blood plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNFα, and their association with the clinical-pathological aspects of CRC patients at diagnosis. Methods: This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study, where peripheral blood samples were obtained from adult patients with CRC collected at diagnosis (T0). The blood plasma was processed for cytokine measurement using cytometric bead arrays (CBA) for flow cytometry. Sociodemographic and clinical-pathological characteristics were obtained from the medical records of patients. Results: There were significant differences in IL-1β levels in patients with well-differentiated and moderately differentiated tumors (p=0.0039). IL-6 levels differed when compared between patients with colon and rectal tumors (p=0.01) and between the 3 tumor locations: Colon, rectosigmoid junction, and rectum (p=0.03). There was a difference in IL-6 levels between groups in the initial (I/II) and more advanced (III/IV) stages of the disease (p=0.0005). IL-8 and TNFα levels were higher in patients with proximal tumors and moderately differentiated histology. IL-10, analyzed in parallel, showed higher levels in metastatic patients (p=0.0225). Conclusion: There are significant differences between the levels of inflammatory cytokines and the clinical-pathological characteristics of CRC at diagnosis, such as tumor location, histology, clinical stage, and metastasis. The antagonistic process of specific cytokines, such as TNFα and IL-10, may demonstrate relevant clinical value and longitudinal studies will be necessary to elucidate these events better.
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Gomes Filho, José Euderaldo Costa, Ariane Silva da Rocha, Gisele Aparecida Fernandes, Rossana Verónica Mendoza López, and Maria Paula Curado. "PRE- AND POSTMENOPAUSAL BREAST CANCER IN COMPARISON OF CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES, HISTOLOGY, BIOMARKERS, AND MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION." In Abstracts from the Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium - BBCS 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s2043.

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The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and pathological evolution, morphology, hormonal biomarkers (estrogen, progesterone, HER2, and Ki-67), and molecular classification in pre- and postmenopausal patients (age ≤50 years and >50 years). This is a cross-sectional study of 705 female patients with breast cancer. A total of 55.9% (n=394) of patients were above 50 years, whereas 44.1% (n=311) were aged 50 years or below. The laterality of the tumor was similar in both age groups on the right side, 50.2% (n=156) for premenopausal and 53.3 (n=210) for postmenopausal (p=0.226), as was the anatomical sublocation in the external upper quadrant, 44.9% (n=140) for premenopausal and 48.7% (n=192) for postmenopausal (p=0.063). As for T clinical staging, 37% (n=115) were classified as T2 in premenopausal while 47% (n=185) as T1 in postmenopausal (p <0.001); N0, 46.3% (n=144) and 57.6% (n=227) (p=0.043); M0, 92.3% (n=287) and 95.7% (n=377) (p=0.072); and pathological grade T1, 41.8 (n=130) and 48.2% (n=190) (p=0.056); N0, 52.4% (n=163) and 60.4% (n=238) (p=0.121); M0 94.9% (n=374) and 93.9% (n=292) (p=0.332); invasive ductal carcinoma, 86.5% (n=269) and 81% (n=319) (p=0.134); histological grade 2, 42.1% (n=131) and 44.9 (n=177) (p<0.001); nuclear grade 3, 67.2% (n=209) and 54.1% (n=213) (p=0.002); HER2 negative, 75.7% (n=234) and 77.2% (n=295) (p=0.062); estrogen positive, 78.4% (n=243) and 78.4% (n=309) (p=0.731); progesterone positive, 70.6% (n=219) and 68.8% (n=271) (p=0.503); Ki-67 positive, 99.7% (n=303) and 100% (n=368) (p=0.005); and molecular classification defined as luminal B, 57.8% (n=178) and 49% (n=187) (p=0.009), respectively. We observed that in pre- and postmenopausal women with breast cancer, there was no difference in characteristics, anatomical location, and T staging. However, there was a significant difference in histological grade, nuclear grade, and the molecular subtype and staging.
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Abid Hamza ALALWANY, Ekhlas, Salim Salih Ali AL-KHAKANI, Isam M J ZABIBA, Siraj M. AL-KHAFAJI, Hawraa M. MURAD, and Marwah Najeh HAMMOOD. "EFFECT OF SUSTANON ON SKELETAL MUSCLES (ARM, THIGH) AND SOME OF BLOOD PARAMETERS IN FEMALE RATS (RATTUS RATTUS) IN BABYLON-IRAQ." In VI.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress6-4.

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There are random uses of androgenic anabolic steroids such as sustanon , especially among young people and adolescent.These drugs have many long-term negative side effects; therefore they have become one of major problem of health. This study was conducted in order to examine the effect of intramuscular injection of androgenic anabolic steroide (sustanon) on some hormonal, immunological and histological parameters in female albino rats. The study carried out in the animal house (College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Al-Qassim green). Twenty Four female rats were divided into four groups (6 replication for each), the first, second and third treatment sub groups injected by sustanon at concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2) mg/kg/day respectively for six weeks, while the fourth subgroup was considered a control set which injected by physiological normal saline (0.9%Nacl). The blood parameters estimation (RBCs, WBCs, PCV, PLT,Hb) Histologic study included studying histopathological changes in skeletal muscles tissue (thigh, arm). The results showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) of the levels (Hb,RBCs, WBCs, PCV, PLT), compared with thecontrol group. Histology study changes showed that hypetrophy of fiber muscle in thigh and arm tissue with hyperplasia of muscle cells in arm at high doses present study conclude that increasing the concentrations of sustanon drug may cause clear pathological changes (physiologically, and histologically in most of the study parameters.
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Abid Hamza ALALWANY, Ekhlas, Salim Salih Ali AL-KHAKANI, Isam M J ZABIBA, Siraj M. AL-KHAFAJI, Hawraa M. MURAD, and Marwah Najeh HAMMOOD. "EFFECT OF SUSTANON ON SKELETAL MUSCLES (ARM, THIGH) AND SOME OF BLOOD PARAMETERS IN FEMALE RATS (RATTUS RATTUS) IN BABYLON-IRAQ." In VI.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress6-4.

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There are random uses of androgenic anabolic steroids such as sustanon , especially among young people and adolescent.These drugs have many long-term negative side effects; therefore they have become one of major problem of health. This study was conducted in order to examine the effect of intramuscular injection of androgenic anabolic steroide (sustanon) on some hormonal, immunological and histological parameters in female albino rats. The study carried out in the animal house (College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Al-Qassim green). Twenty Four female rats were divided into four groups (6 replication for each), the first, second and third treatment sub groups injected by sustanon at concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2) mg/kg/day respectively for six weeks, while the fourth subgroup was considered a control set which injected by physiological normal saline (0.9%Nacl). The blood parameters estimation (RBCs, WBCs, PCV, PLT,Hb) Histologic study included studying histopathological changes in skeletal muscles tissue (thigh, arm). The results showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) of the levels (Hb,RBCs, WBCs, PCV, PLT), compared with thecontrol group. Histology study changes showed that hypetrophy of fiber muscle in thigh and arm tissue with hyperplasia of muscle cells in arm at high doses present study conclude that increasing the concentrations of sustanon drug may cause clear pathological changes (physiologically, and histologically in most of the study parameters
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Chakraborti, Basumita, Anik Ghosh, Jaydip Bhaumik, and Asima Mukhopadhyay. "Can initial grade of endometrial cancer presenting at Tata Medical Center, predict high risk factors which will require lymph node dissection and adjuvant therapy?" In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685398.

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Background: Pre-operative tumor grade influences the type of surgery planned for endometrial cancer, while the final grade affects the adjuvant therapy. Aims and Objectives: To predict whether pre surgery tumour grade can predict tlymph node dissection and adjuvant therapy in endometriod endometrial cancer. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Data was obtained from electronic hospital medical records system. All women with a diagnosis of endometrioid endometrial cancer who attended TMC, Kolkata between September 2011 and June 2015 included. Review of the histology was asked in all patients and MDT was planned for all patients. Most of the patients operated in TMC underwent standard pre-operative imaging work up like MRI pelvis and CT upper abdomen and chest evaluation. Staging/completion surgery included total hysterectomy, BSO, pelvic +/- para aortic lymphadenectomy +/- Omental biopsy. The surgico-pathological evaluation included histology, grade, myometrial invasion, adnexal involvement and nodal involvement. Results: 155 patients had both initial and final histology. Of total 67 patients with initial grade 1 histology, 8 (12%) were upgraded to G2 and 1 (1.5%) was upgraded to G3. 35 patients with G2 disease 2 (5.7%) were upgraded to G3. Among 8 patients with G3, 7 continued to be G3. Of the 67 patients with initial grade 1, > 50% invasion was seen in 25 (37.3%). Of 35 patients with initial G2, > 50% myometrial invasion was seen in 13 (37.1%) patients. Among 8 initial G3 patients, > 50% invasion was seen in 3 (37.5%) patients. Of these 67 patients with grade 1, pelvic lymph nodes were involved in 4 (6%) patients. None of the grade 2 tumors had pelvic lymph node involvement. One (12.5%) out of 8 patients with initial G3 tumor had pelvic lymph node involvement. Recurrence was seen in 3/67 (4.5%) of G1 patients, 7/35 (20%) with G2 cases and 1/8 (12.5%) with G3 cases. Conclusion: Patients with initial G1 disease, about 13% were upgraded. Recurrence rate increased with G2 patients. For all initial grade tumors the mymetrial involvement > 50% was 37%. For initial G1 patients the pelvic lymph node involvement was found to be 6%. For G3 tumor the pelvic lymph node involvement was 12.5%.
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Yoshimura, Adriana Akemi, André Mattar, Bruna S. Mota, Carlos Elias Fristachi, Eduardo Carvalho Pessoa, Felipe Eduardo Andrade, Giuliano Tosello, et al. "A MULTICENTRIC STUDY ON BREAST CANCER IN ULTRA YOUNG WOMEN: II – HISTOPATHOLOGIC AND MOLECULAR DATA." In Scientifc papers of XXIII Brazilian Breast Congress - 2021. Mastology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942021v31s1062.

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Introduction: Ultra young women (UYW) is defined as women aged up to 30 years. UYW with BC share some unfavorable biological tumor characteristics as larger size at diagnosis, higher loca-regional recurrence rate and lower survival, and have been merited specialized care. Objectives: We aimed to determine histopathological and molecular characteristics of BC in UYW. Methods: We carried out a multicentric, observational, retrospective study of consecutive UYW patients with BC. Only patients with infiltrating BC were included. Nine Mastology Centers located in the State of São Paulo took part in the research. The follow data were recorded: pathological tumor histology, number of positive lymph nodes multicentricity/multifocality, presence or absence of peritumoral vascular invasion (PVI), histologic grade (HG), pT category, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 and Ki67. We classified the neoplasias into five molecular subtypes by immunohistochemistry, based on modified recommendations of St. Gallen Consensus (2013): Luminal A-like, Luminal B-like HER2-, Luminal B-like HER2+, HER2 overexpressed (HER2+) non luminal and Triple-Negative. The frequency of the analysed parameters were calculated. The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of all Collaborative Centers. Individual informed consent was waived. Results: Invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST) was observed in 243 patients (88%), and infiltrative lobular tumor was extremely rare, being found in 1.1%. The tumor size in surgical specimens was above 20 mm in 54% (in 10% there was no more evidence of tumor after neoadjuvant treatment). We found 52.6% of patients without invasion in lymph nodes (LN) whereas in 22.2% there was more than four LNs involved. Multifocality was seen in 12.4%. HG was 2 or 3 in 98.3%. In 67.5% the tumors expressed ER, 59.4% gR, and 25.1% were HER2+. In 61.5% Ki67 was higher than 20%. Tumor molecular subtypes were classified in 16.6% Luminal A-like, 35.9% Luminal B-like HER2-, 15.1% Luminal B-like HER2+, 9.3% HER2+ non-luminal and in 22.9% Basal-like. Conclusions: Our data from UYW with BC revealed unfavorable characteristics, with frequent adverse pathological and molecular prognostic factors.
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Cerda, Rodrigo González, Florencia Belmar, Jaime Letzkus, Maria Jose del Rio, JM Lagos Bononato, Jorge Gamboa, Belen Hidalgo, and Alejandro Belmar. "Report of a series of cases of breast cancer during pregnancy in a public hospital in Santiago de Chile." In Brazilian Breast Cancer Symposium 2023. Mastology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942023v33s1066.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to report 14 cases of breast cancer during pregnancy and puerperium at the San Borja Arriarán Clinical Hospital in Chile between 2016 and 2022 and analyze the type of treatment, response to treatment, and possible complications of pregnancy associated with chemotherapy. Methodology: This is a retrospective descriptive analysis of a database of breast cancer diagnosed and treated during pregnancy and the puerperium. Prognostic factors, stage, type of treatment, clinical and pathological response, gestational age at delivery, and newborn weight, in addition to post-treatment follow-up were considered. Results: The average age was 33 years. In 10 patients, the diagnosis was during pregnancy and 4 during the puerperium. In all cases, the suspicion was clinical due to a palpable tumor. Percutaneous biopsy showed 100% infiltrating G2 and G3 ductal carcinoma. The most frequent immunohistochemical profile was luminal B, followed by triple-negative. Stage III was the most frequent at diagnosis. Notably, 12 patients received complete treatment and were followed up. One stage IV patient died during treatment. Five patients progressed with distant metastases. There was an extreme preterm labor due to preeclampsia. The average newborn weight was 2,968 g. Conclusion: This series is consistent with the majority of publications where diagnosis is evidenced in locally advanced stages, with unfavorable histology and prognostic factors. In our series, there was no repercussion of chemotherapy treatments in the fetoplacental unit.
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Ribeiro, Rilciane Maria dos Reis, Antonio de Pádua Almeida Carneiro, Ângelo Roncalli Melo Alves, Maria do Patrocínio Ferreira Grangeiro Beco, and Olívio Feitosa Costa Neto. "HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH INVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST TREATED AT A REFERENCE HOSPITAL." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1041.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common and the second leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. It is known that invasive breast carcinomas are the most frequent, with 75% of them subclassified as invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), 15% as lobular, and 10% as special subtypes. Classic invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is characterized by discohesive tumor cells, low mitotic rate, invading singly or in single concentric rows around ducts, and associated with loss of E-cadherin protein expression. Objective: This study evaluated the histopathological and epidemiological profiles of patients with ILC of the breast treated at a reference hospital from January 2018 to December 2020, in Fortaleza, CE. Methods: This research is characterized as a retrospective, analytical, descriptive, and quantitative, using data from the electronic medical records of patients treated at the Hospital Haroldo Juaçaba (HHJ),; data collection was based on a protocol developed by the researchers, which contained the following variables: sex, age, clinical presentation, alterations in imaging examinations, clinical and pathological staging, histological grade and subtype, presence of molecular markers estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2 (human epidermal growth factor 2), KI-67 (proliferative index), locoregional and systemic therapy of choice, and response to neoadjuvant systemic therapy. Results: It was observed that all patients (119) were female, with a predominant age between 50 and 59 years. A significant number of patients had clinical changes that contributed to the diagnosis; among them, the presence of nodules was the most frequent (92.2%). As for imaging examinations, mammography showed lower rates of ILC detection when compared to ultrasound examinations (69.7% and 75.6%, respectively). Most patients were identified at stage IIA in the clinical and pathological evaluations (42.9% and 23.5%, respectively). On histology, 58% of the carcinomas were grade II, while 92.4% belonged to the classic subtype. There was also a high level of positivity for markers ER (95%) and PR (81.5%), suggesting the prevalence of the luminal-like molecular profile (95%). In the context of surgical interventions, 62.2% of patients underwent mastectomy and 45.4% underwent only sentinel lymph node biopsy in the axillary approach. Regarding neoadjuvant therapy, 70.8% of the patients presented regression in the tumor stage. Endocrine therapy was used by 78.2% of the women in the adjuvant. Conclusion: Invasive lobular neoplasms have distinct characteristics, with a unique clinical and histopathological profile. The lack of studies that can be used to conduct cases and treat this pathology is highlighted, thus reinforcing the importance of this research.
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10

Elliott, Gloria D., and John J. McGrath. "Freezing Response of Mammary Tissue: A Mathematical Study." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0584.

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Abstract Cryosurgery, the use of low temperatures to devitalize neoplastic tissue, has become an accepted treatment modality for many cancers such as those of the liver and prostate. Recently, the application of cryosurgery to human breast malignancies has been explored (Staren et. al, 1997, Pham and Rubinsky, 1998). Breast cancer will affect 1 in 9 women over the course of their lifetime (American Cancer Society, 1997). Although there are a wide variety of therapies available to treat this disease, the broad pathological spectrum of patients with breast cancer necessitates newer and better treatments before these numbers will decline. The composition of human mammary tissue is highly varied (age, body mass, and hormone dependent) making the application of cryosurgery to this tissue complex. Although the preponderance of breast cancer lesions occur in post-menopausal patients, women of all ages are affected by this disease. More importantly, lesions persist in all types of breast tissue. If cryosurgery is to become a viable therapy for breast cancer, it is important to understand the range of responses expected from the different tissue compositions, and, if relevant, identify the tissue types most suited to cryo-based therapies. To this end, an understanding of the response of these various classes of breast tissue to freezing can be accomplished using accurate heat and mass transfer models. Based on a review of basic human breast histology during all stages of mammary gland development, several different categories of human breast tissue were chosen for constitutional analysis. The volumetric dominance of each of the different tissue constituents was determined and then using this information, the volume-averaged thermal properties for each category calculated. A preliminary analysis, utilizing basic heat conduction equations and effective heat transfer properties, was performed to understand if, in a pure conduction sense, the various categories of breast tissue would respond differently to the same applied freezing protocol, and if so, which components were thermally most relevant. This analysis, although not completely descriptive of the physical situation occurring during an actual cryosurgery protocol, represents the first steps in determining the morphological features of mammary tissue which must be taken into consideration in future modeling efforts.
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