Academic literature on the topic 'Historical block of flats development'
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Journal articles on the topic "Historical block of flats development"
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Leander Touati, Anne-Marie. "Water, well-being and social complexity in insula V I. A Pompeian city block revisited." Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 3 (November 2010): 105–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-03-06.
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Swedish archaeologists have been working in Pompeii since 2000. Our fieldwork has consisted mainly of the study of standing walls and cleared floor levels in a city block unearthed in the 19th century and of the production of a comprehensive documentation, presented in an open access publication: www.pompejiprojektet.se/insula.php. The perspective of the present paper is the insula as a whole. Its main study objects are features of recurrent nature that in varying form and frequency are found in many of the separate houses and other units that constitute this insula: for example, the divergent materials used for the rubble masonry in the first phase of urbanisation, structures used for water management such as water supply and drains, possible earthquake damage and resulting repairs, preferences for where kitchens and sanitary installations are placed, markers indicating property borders and dependencies such as pavement curbing, courses of water inlets and drains, shops communicating with the houses through rear doorways, and the existence and extent of second-storey flats. The features studied are contextualised in their natural and urban environment. In general, historical events enter the discussion when linked to the chronological development of the infrastructures, communal and private, which this study highlights as being of decisive importance for understanding the development of the organisation of real estate and social structures in this insula and on a wider stage as well.
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Turlyun, L. N., and N. V. Frantseva. "TEXTILE ORNAMENT. EVOLUTION FROM BLOCK PRINTING TO COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES." Arts education and science 1, no. 1 (2021): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202101018.
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The article is devoted to technologies of pattern printing on fabric. It provides a historical overview of the development of printing techniques, examines the main stages of this process in terms of technology innovation and evolution of technical means. It also systematizes the information available in the literature about traditional methods and new technologies for pattern printing on textile, technical means for implementing these technologies. Such concepts as block printing, manner, machine printing, flat and roll printing, direct printing, transfer printing, digital printing, photo printing are revealed. The authors also touch upon the history of the art of handicraft printing in Russia, emphasizing that the first Russian masters to apply images on fabric were icon painters, who decorated church interiors with ornamental patterns and created drawings for handwritten books. It is noted that mechanization became an important stage in the development of Russian textile industry, which significantly increased the speed of fabric production and its artistic design. The article reviews the main types of modern fabric printing techniques, as well as graphic editors for creating patterns and drawings. Advantages and disadvantages of modern digital technologies on textile are discovered.
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Matys, Wojciech. "Low-rise intensive residential development genesis and shaping the model." Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych 13, no. 2 (January 11, 2018): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/teka.1696.
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The article focuses on exploring prototypic, historical examples of low – rise intensive residential developments. In terms of the form, such buildings are reminiscent of modern residential constructions in single family housing complexes, however, they are characterized by the presence of two flats in one residential segment. Such dwelling units have the size of a three-room flat as in multi-family housing but at the same time they are built on the basis of the law regulations reserved for single-family housing.
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Ramos, Paulo César, and Ana Maura Tomesani. "Racism and Black Activism in Brazil: a Literary and Historical Review." Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies 8, no. 1-2 (December 19, 2019): 3–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.25160/bjbs.v8i1-2.106209.
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This article intends to present a review on the history and literature of racism and black activism in Brazil. It is divided into two parts: the first is focused on the way concepts such as racism and anti-racism were explored in Brazilian academia, the emergence of the racial democracy thesis and its critics, and academic militance. The second follows the development of black activism in Brazil since the proclamation of the Republic (1889) until today, including two periods of authoritarian government. Where literature in the field suggests there were three phases of black activism in Brazil, we propose a fourth phase for the current period (2000’s onwards). The guiding idea of this division is that academic and street activism were developed side by side – findings in academia were reflected in the flags defended by activists, and the latter became public policy.
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Gupta, Rajat, and Matt Gregg. "Assessing the Magnitude and Likely Causes of Summertime Overheating in Modern Flats in UK." Energies 13, no. 19 (October 6, 2020): 5202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195202.
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There has been increasing recognition that climate change may lead to risk of summertime overheating in UK dwellings with potentially adverse consequences for human comfort and health. This paper investigates the magnitude of summertime overheating over one month in 2017, in four new flats built to identical thermal standards, with similar occupancy patterns and located in the same block in a development in Southeast England. Both static and adaptive methods were used to assess the overheating risk, while the variation in indoor temperatures across the flats was examined through key building characteristics including floor level, glazing orientation, exposed surface area to floor area ratio (SA/FA), glazing area to floor area ratio, and ventilation. Data collection included continuous monitoring of indoor and outdoor temperature, relative humidity, CO2 levels and opening/closing of windows. Summertime overheating was found to be prevalent in all four flats but was most pronounced in two top floor flats with high SA/FA ratio and east/west facing glazing. Due to limited window opening and locational limitations of one flat, some conclusions were derived from three flats. Though the study sample is small, it is clear that overheating in new housing is a current issue and designing for avoidance of summertime overheating should become mainstream.
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Watanabe, K., and H. Sato. "Development of Nonlinear Building Block Approach." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 110, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3269477.
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A nonlinear building block approach (NLBBA) is proposed to evaluate frequency response characteristics of nonlinear structure systems including springs with nonlinear stiffness and clearances at slide or bearing as occur in actual systems. The advantage of the building block approach (BBA) was that dynamic performance of the total linear system can be evaluated by analyzing and synthesizing the performance of subsystems. In this paper the method was extensively developed to investigate systems with nonlinearities. The describing function was adopted to represent nonlinearity in the system equations. The compliance could be obtained by solving nonlinear simultaneous algebraic equations for multi-degrees-of-freedom system with multinonlinearities. The method was applied to a beam supported by nonlinear springs and a spindle of a machine tool. The evaluated compliance could quantitatively show effects of the nonlinearity such as transfer of the natural frequency, variance of the compliance at the natural frequency, and jump phenomena for sweep of the excitation frequency. The results of the application agreed well with those obtained by step-by-step integration in the time domain (time historical analysis) which is generally used, and also agreed well with the empirical phenomenon of the stability to the self-excited chatter. The computation time could be significantly shortened by the proposed method.
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Piontek, Marlena, Katarzyna Łuszczyńska, and Hanna Lechów. "Technological Moisture as a Cause of Moulds on Building Partitions." Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2018-0020.
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Abstract The intense pace of construction work means that technical materials contain so-called technological moisture, which enables the development of biodeteriogenic organisms on building partitions. This article presents the mycological analysis of two buildings in Zielona Góra, whose building partitions were affected by colour deposits. In the first building (a block of flats in the shell and core condition) 7 species of moulds were determined, of which the dominant one was Cladosporium herbarum. In the second building (public utilities building) changes on the walls appeared just after refurbishment and were caused by a species of mould called Strachybotrys chartarum which is hazardous to human and animal life.
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Kuśnierz-Krupa, Dominika. "Original historical spatial development research methodology." Landscape architecture and art 14 (July 16, 2019): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2019.14.02.
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The aim of this article is to present an original methodology that was prepared for the research concerning the history of spatial development of historic towns and their conservation protection. The methodology, already repeatedly verified by the Author in the course of research on the origins, urban model and restoration of selected medieval towns in Poland, is universal and so applicable also during the research carried out in towns outside Poland. In this article it will be exemplified by the studies on the spatial development of the medieval town of Skawina located in Lesser Poland. The methodology consists of five stages. The first stage of research involves the so called “desk study”, which is conducted in selected archives, both in the country where the selected town is located, and abroad. The second stage involves field research in the analysed town. The research is accompanied by an inventory of the area of the chartered town, including its preserved elements such as e.g. the market square, the settlement block or the settlement plot. Photographic documentation is also collected during field research. The third stage of research uses aerial archaeology to analyse the urban layout of a given town. The fourth stage involves confronting the research results obtained at previous stages, primarily comparing archive plans and aerial photographs, as well as analysing them in order to identify changes occurring in the urban layout of the studied town. The final, fifth stage involves assessing the cultural values and the necessary methods for protecting the analysed historic town. The discussed methodology allows for drawing conclusions combined with hypotheses concerning the shape and functional-spatial structure of the examined town in the past, as well as its current values in the context of protecting the cultural landscape. The need to prepare it sprang from the current situation in historic towns which are not always properly protected, and scientific studies of their history are often insufficient. The situation and the need for better protection of historic towns has also been indicated in international documents prepared by the ICOMOS and UNESCO, such as the International Charter on the Conservation of Historic Towns of the ICOMOS from 1987, and the UNESCO Recommendation concerning the historic urban landscape from 2011.
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Yang, Yi, Yi Xiong, and Yi Ran Shen. "Renew and Extension of Vigor in Historical Block - The Background Study of Historical Block and the Building Overhang Protection and Synthesis Reform in Haikou." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.126.
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Haikou, one of leading historical and cultural city, whose history block and the building overhang is paid close attention to, because of whose entire and continuous value. But it is a long time since established, the function layout and the appearance elements are old, which is far away from the need of society, economy and culture development nowadays, is badly in need of reform. With the start of example area in history cultural block and the following survey, author is going to do a further study of reforming old city background, seeking out suitable local planning method and principle. The article expounds the background, target and constructs intention of Haikou historical block planning design, providing the extended train of thought about the historical block renewal.
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Urban, Florian. "New tenements and the image of the past: the Crown Street development in Glasgow's New Gorbals." Architectural Research Quarterly 17, no. 1 (March 2013): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135513000341.
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In 2000, the Crown Street redevelopment in Glasgow's New Gorbals area was completed following a masterplan by Piers Gough and building designs by Page and Park, Elder and Cannon, Hypostyle Architects and others. Built on symbolically contested ground previously occupied by the Gorbals tenements (1870s–1960s) and the high-rise Hutchesontown flats (1960s–1990s), the new development is a textbook example of neotraditional design. The project features ornamented facades, bay windows, courtyards and corridor streets along with local references to the heyday of Glasgow tenements during the late nineteenth century.This paper shows that the new tenements on Crown Street contributed to Glasgow's economic revival strategies by reconfiguring the site and supporting a positive view of Glasgow's Victorian era. In this sense, the architects adapted design preferences – which at the time were evident all over Europe and North America – to a local agenda.The new tenements reconcile conflicting perspectives: on the one hand a break almost as comprehensive as the urban renewal of the 1960s, and on the other hand an idea of historical continuity and long-lasting community life, which rested on a revised conception of the city's industrial past. Conveying a historical image cleared of imperfections they communicate a message of permanence that stands in stark contrast to the area's historic upheavals, but nonetheless contributed to the viability of the new neighbourhood.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Historical block of flats development"
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Sojáková, Táňa. "Historický vývoj výstavby bytových domů a jeho vliv na tržní ceny bytů v současnosti v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232785.
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Diploma thesis is focused on historical development of block of flats in Brno – Žabovřesky and its impact on the nowdays market prices. Evolution of the district development Brno – Žabovřesky is described in the theoretical part. Different types of residential buildings (block of flats) according to historical development are also characterized in this chapter. The practical part of diploma thesis is focused on analysis of bordered flat market and comparison to the particular types of development. The main aim of this work is to determine which historical period of block of flats development is important and which less for contemporary flat market.
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Slechan, Ondřej. "Vývoj výstavby rezidenčních nemovitostí ve Vyškově." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-317185.
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This diploma thesis deals with the development of the construction of residential property in the city of Vyškov from the beginning of construction to the present. The thesis is divided into several parts concerning the construction of the area in the certain period. These periods include typical features of construction with photographs of representatives of residential property. The highest quality development was during the seventies of 20th century when the construction of the panel blocks of flats and terraced family houses were built. The work also contains graphic processing of population and home development and the map showing development of construction of residential property in certain periods.
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Liška, Aleš. "Vývoj výstavby rezidenčních nemovitostí v lokalitě Brno Štýřice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232932.
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This thesis deals with the development of construction of residential property in Brno Štýřice. The work is divided into several stages of the history of the area from the beginning of construction to the present. Each historical stage describes a characteristic common features and different construction material representative of residential property including pictures and photographs. The work also Štýřice history and information about the cadastral area Štýřice. Brno Štýřice is a site which is constantly developing in recent years to form a housing complexes around the street Vídeňská, while the nearby street Heršpická formed in recent years, more retail and office construction.
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Jebavá, Klára. "Vývoj výstavby rezidenčních nemovitostí v obci Jilemnice a jejím okolí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241337.
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This thesis deals with the development of construction of residential property in Jilemnice. The work is divided into several stages of the history of the area from the beginning of construction to the present. Each historical stage describes a characteristic common features and different construction material representative of residential property including pictures and photographs. The work also Jilemnice, Horní štěpanice history and information about the cadastral area Jilemnice.
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Urbancová, Veronika. "Vývoj výstavby rezidenčních nemovitostí v městské části Brno-Pisárky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241267.
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This Diploma thesis is dealing with development construction of residential real estates in the area of Brno – Pisárky from the beginning of development in the end of 19th centuries till present. It is includes the history of this area and development of this location in the future. This thesis is divided into few construction periods, where are described in detail survey of significant residential buildings including pictures and photographs. The highest quality development was during inter-war period with beginning of functionalism. Development of this area is almost finished in the seventies of 19th century and from this time it is built just a few of new buildings or building attics or reconstruction. This thesis also contains historical maps, where we can see how was the area amplify and development.
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Uxa, Jan. "Srovnání jednotlivých způsobů ocenění pro nemovitost typu byt v lokalitě Plzeň - Bolevec." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232585.
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This dissertation analyse selected used methods of appraising of flats and their reciprocal comparing. Then the dissertation defines basic concepts and percepts, with them the matters of appraising of flats hang together. Priceds flats thein are in Pilsen in the in area Bolevec. There were selected flats with differeent layout.
Book chapters on the topic "Historical block of flats development"
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Fedotova, G. O. "Block development parameters of St. Petersburg historical center." In Reconstruction and Restoration of Architectural Heritage 2021, 25–29. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003136804-5.
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Ogden, G. D., M. P. Schuller, and D. B. Woodham. "Development of a flatjack for testing high strength masonry." In Brick and Block Masonry - From Historical to Sustainable Masonry, 819–25. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003098508-116.
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Hanlon, Robert T. "The 1st Law of Thermodynamics." In Block by Block: The Historical and Theoretical Foundations of Thermodynamics, 261–69. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851547.003.0022.
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The concept of energy and its conservation arrived around 1850 and became the basis for the 1st Law of Thermodynamics and also the early development of the kinetic theory of gases, which explained heat as the translational motion of atoms through space.
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Sikorska-Lewandowska, Aleksandra. "Housing Law in Poland—From the Cooperative Model to Flat Ownership." In Sustainable Housing [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98644.
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In Poland, the housing system is currently based on cooperative apartments and the ownership of premises. This is due to historical conditions, because in the post-war period it was decided to foster cooperative housing; while the development of private property was impeded. After 1989, there were rapid economic and social changes, which also affected the real estate sector. It became possible to buy cooperative flats for ownership. The construction of new apartments was rapidly started and a development market was established. The owners of tenement houses made efforts to return the taken property, many of them regained the buildings, although their technical condition was very bad. There is a shortage of apartments in Poland, both available for purchase and for rent. In this chapter, I intend to present the current ownership status of apartments in Poland and the process of changes that took place, but did not solve the problems.
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Sohn-Rethel, Martin. "The Genre Code of Realism: the recent development of the alien invasion movie." In Real to Reel, 99–118. Liverpool University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9780993071768.003.0006.
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This chapter addresses the genre code of realism, which brings with it a fundamentally different order of realism. Not one concerned so much with the real social-historical world but one which revolves instead around our expectations of a particular genre. Here the starting point lies within the realm of a fiction genre itself rather than in lived experience of the real world as rendered in the language of scripted fiction. The chapter shows that when words like 'real' and 'realism' are cited for, say, a science-fiction film, what is meant is more directly aligned to expectations of the science-fiction genre than to notions of the real world. It then looks at examples of science fiction, all of which belong to its alien invasion subgenre: District 9 (Neill Blomkamp, 2009), Monsters (Gareth Edwards, 2010), and Attack the Block (Joe Cornish, 2011).
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"Balancing Fisheries Management and Water Uses for Impounded River Systems." In Balancing Fisheries Management and Water Uses for Impounded River Systems, edited by Tim Patton and Cris Lyday. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874066.ch11.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—While processes of depositional filling and ecological succession in natural lakes have been well described, these concepts are relatively new and seldom applied to reservoirs, especially at the landscape scale. However, ecological time has been sufficient to allow us to see successional processes in many reservoir systems. Illustrative of such processes, Lake Texoma is a 36,000-ha reservoir located in southern Oklahoma and northern Texas, and patterns of depositional filling and subsequent processes are apparent in the up-lake ends (there are two large-river tributaries) of this system. Completed in 1944, Lake Texoma has a drainage area of more than100,000 km2, most of which is highly erodable agricultural lands. We used historic aerial photographs, geographic information systems technology, and field measurements to examine a variety of surface and habitat features and analyzed experimental gill-net samples using ordination techniques to characterize the fish communities in portions of the reservoir most affected by sedimentation. Extensive sedimentation and accretion of sediments above water level has effectively resulted in surface area reduction, cove isolation, fragmentation of lacustrine habitats, morphometric changes, and establishment of terrestrial vegetation on newly deposited lands. Most notably, sedimentation has led to the development of linear bars of deposition above normal pool elevation that have blocked mouths of coves, bisected large areas of the reservoir, and fragmented several pools. In our study site alone, 332 ha (surface area) of reservoir has experienced accretion of land above the water level. Reservoir fragments had lower shoreline development values (mean = 2.21) than comparable control sites (mean = 3.39). Depositional shorelines associated with sedimentation exhibited lower gradients than nondepositional shorelines (mean = 2.0% versus 4.2%, respectively), and habitat heterogeneity was lower along depositional shorelines than along nondepositional shorelines. Fish communities in isolated reservoir fragments appeared to be distinct from fish communities in nonfragmented habitats. This change in community structure may be driven by an appreciable reduction of pelagic species from fragmented sites, as these sites have limited or no connectivity to the main body of the reservoir. With respect to the newly deposited lands, ecological succession of vegetation followed a progression from mud flats to dense, nearly monotypic stands of black willow Salix nigra forests within a few years. These habitat changes had strong implications to the fish communities as well as to adjacent terrestrial wildlife communities and will likely pose many challenges, and perhaps opportunities, for natural resource managers.
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Wijdicks, Eelco F. M. "Hospital and Asylum." In Cinema, MD, 47–68. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190685799.003.0003.
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The history of medicine can never be understood without its buildings and its interior. A physical venue is needed to create a healing place for the injured and sick and for medicine to advance. In cinema, hospitals resemble block-like structures loaded with technology. To obtain a better perspective of how hospitals are portrayed in film, this chapter reviews the historical development of the hospital and the history of asylums as places of confinement for patients with mental illness. More than a few films paint hospitals and psychiatric institutions as understaffed with disrespect from top to bottom in the professional hierarchy. This chapter reviews the depiction of hospital wards and psychiatry wards in fictional and documentary film.
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Nicolescu, Valentin, Holger Wittges, and Helmut Krcmar. "From ERP to Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture." In Handbook of Research on Enterprise Systems, 316–28. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-859-8.ch023.
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This chapter provides an overview of past and present development in technical platforms of ERP systems and its use in enterprises. Taking into consideration the two layers of application and technology, we present the classical scenario of an ERP system as a monolithic application block. As the demands of modern enterprise software cannot be met by this concept, the shift to a more flexible architecture like the service-oriented architecture (SOA) is the current status quo of modern companies. Keeping in mind the administrative complexity of such structures, we will discuss the new idea of business Webs. The purpose of our chapter is, on the one hand, to show the historical development of ERP system landscapes and, on the other hand, to show the comparison of the presented concepts with respect to application and technology view.
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Nicolescu, Valentin, Holger Wittges, and Helmut Krcmar. "From ERP to Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture." In Enterprise Information Systems, 169–80. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-852-0.ch112.
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This chapter provides an overview of past and present development in technical platforms of ERP systems and its use in enterprises. Taking into consideration the two layers of application and technology, we present the classical scenario of an ERP system as a monolithic application block. As the demands of modern enterprise software cannot be met by this concept, the shift to a more flexible architecture like the service-oriented architecture (SOA) is the current status quo of modern companies. Keeping in mind the administrative complexity of such structures, we will discuss the new idea of business Webs. The purpose of our chapter is, on the one hand, to show the historical development of ERP system landscapes and, on the other hand, to show the comparison of the presented concepts with respect to application and technology view.
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Mohapatra, Rama Prasada, and Changshan Wu. "Modeling Urban Growth at a Micro Level." In E-Planning and Collaboration, 41–58. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5646-6.ch003.
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In this paper, the historical trend of urban growth and the associated drivers were examined through econometric analysis for the rapidly growing Grafton area in the State of Wisconsin. Specifically, panel data analysis was carried out to examine the drivers of urban growth such as demographic factors, location of jobs, travel time, housing types, property values, etc. Results reveal that panel data analysis, particularly the random effects model, was successful in analyzing the drivers of urban growth at the census block group level. This study found that population, local jobs, household income, and house price were positively associated with urban growth. The study also found that urban growth in the study area is not decided by the access to the nearest central city, but other factors, such as the rural atmosphere of the region, local jobs, and emerging centers of employment opportunities, have significant influences on urban development.
Conference papers on the topic "Historical block of flats development"
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Cui Yan quan and Guo Rong. "The sustainable development strategy research of historical block of Harbin garden street." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5776529.
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Norwood, Donald S., Gail L. Hahn, Patrick F. Joyce, and Robin J. Wippich-Dienhart. "A Historical Assessment of Building Block Development Test Programs for Modern Military Aircraft." In 57th AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-0231.
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Cole, David E. "An Historical Overview of the Development of the Chevrolet Small-Block V-8 Engine." In ASME 2014 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2014-5695.
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The Chevrolet Small-Block engine was officially introduced to the public as one of the two engines in the 1955 Chevrolet passenger car. Its companion engine powering Chevrolet products was the very dated “Blue-Flame” 6. This six-cylinder driven powertrain was a key contributor to the reputation at that time that Chevrolet cars were dull and, at best, average. The team: In late 1952, my father, Ed Cole, assumed the role as Chevrolet Chief Engineer. A few years earlier he was the Chief Engineer at Cadillac and led the development of a new, advanced design overhead valve V-8. The expectation at Chevy was that he would lead the development of a Chevrolet version but he had other ideas. At this time each GM division had their own powertrain operations. Key people were recruited from across the company based on their unique skills. The entire effort of developing, tooling and launch of the engine, as well as the total vehicle, took less than 2 years. The engine: The Small-Block engine was considered revolutionary at that time. Features included a new casting technology that reduced the casting cores by about half, a valve train that featured simple stamped rocker arms that pivoted on individual studs and elimination of all external oil lines. Its weight was over 40 pounds less than the Blue-Flame 6 and it was very compact. The Chevrolet Small-Block V-8 was a revolutionary engine when it was developed in the 50’s, and even today the basic architecture of the current GM Small-Block is similar.
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Zhang, Dianhong, and Suning Xu. "Research on Humanistic Technology of Urban Design of Historical Blocks in Harbin." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/xdcr5147.
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Nowadays, with globalization sweeping across cities, more and more cities tend to develop in the same way, while the sense of existence of local identity becomes weaker. It is often the preferred choice of the city government to construct distinctive characteristics with the help of urban design. Historical blocks have their own unique cultural connotations. How to make them retain their own traditional context in the rapid urban renewal and maintain vitality with the development of the city is an urgent problem to be solved in urban design. In this paper, the research objects are two historical blocks in Harbin which is a representative historical city located on the Northeast China. One of objects is the Central Street of Harbin, which attracts countless foreign visitors every year as a popular tourist area. The other object is the Chinese Baroque Historical Block, which is deserted after renovation and planning. On the basis of urban design, this paper makes a comparative analysis of two historical blocks from the perspective of social humanities, and puts forward the humanistic technology of urban design. Humanistic technology are divided into two technical routes: human and culture. The study of human includes the living needs of local residents, the behavioural feelings of foreign users, the control and management of government development and the distribution of interests of investors. The study of culture includes the combing of the history and culture of the block, the embodiment of space culture and the promotion of value culture. This paper attempts to build a universal theory framework. Humanistic technology will be used as research foundation for urban design in the renovation and conservation planning of cultural heritage.
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Alonso de Armiño Pérez, Luis, Gonzalo Vicente-Almazán Pérez de Petinto, and Vicent Cassany i Llopis. "Housing form and city form: Urban morphology and local identity." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5772.
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Housing form and city form: Urban morphology and local identityKeywords (3-5): Building type, urban morphology, Valencia, housing, house floor-plan design This paper aims to analyse the processes of typological evolution of residential buildings in Valencia as a way to outline an 'affiliation' within the city's housing types, capable of endowing a local identity profile beyond European influences that began to generalise from mid-XIX century. The residential fabric of Valencia maintained a certain continuity/ intelligibility in its morphological evolution until the 1970s, in which the development of the 1966 PG marked a turning point, with the progressive incorporation of "modern" forms of housing, vaguely related to the diffusion of CIAM architectural principles. Nevertheless, a most substantial part of the city fabric, amounting to two-thirds of all residential buildings, was built before the 1966 PG, and therefore away from 'modern' housing practices. Most of this fabric, corresponding to neighbourhoods resulting from urban extension projects starting in the second half of the nineteenth century, is made out of serially-aggregated, multi-family buildings or 'houses of flats', forming perimeter blocks, whose profile still characterises visually the city's townscape. To a large extent, these 'houses of flats' are the result of a progressive codification of building prototypes that first appeared in the historic city, originating from the transformation of the traditional city-house. Initially, the transformation began with increasing the number of storeys, successively followed with processes of plot-aggregation, all combined with an horizontal division configuring new housing floor-plans. These processes progressively generated larger buildings, in which the plot shape and dimensions appear as determining instances. References (100 Word) ALONSO DE ARMIÑO, L. y PIÑON, J.L. (1986). La formazione del la Valencia moderna. Sutoria Urbana, (37), 89-114. AZAGRA, J. (1993). Propiedad inmueble y crecimiento urbano. Valencia 1800-1931. Madrid: Síntesis. BRIGUZ Y BRU, G. (1837). Escuela de Arquitectura Civil. Valencia: Joseph de Orga. HERMOSILLA, J. (1750). La architectura civil (manuscrito). DALY, M.C. (1864). L’architecture privée au XIXème siècle, sous Napoléon III MOLEY, C. (1999). Regard sur l’immeuble privé. Architecture d’un habitat 1880-1970. Paris: Le Moniteur. PIÑÓN, J.L. (1988). Los orígenes de la Valencia moderna PONS, A. y SERNA, J. (1992). La ciudad extensa. Valencia: Diputació de València. SANCHO, A. (1855). Mejoras materiales de Valencia. Valencia: Imprenta de José Mateu.
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Feszterová, Melánia. "Faktory ovplyvňujúce množstvo a zloženie komunálnych odpadov v Nitrianskom kraji." In XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-67.
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The aim of the paper is to analyse the municipal waste state (MW) in the Nitra region at 2002-2018, and selected factors affecting the state of MW in the Nitra region, comparing the years 2002 and 2018. The amount and composition of waste depend on factors such as population, population density, size, type and function of settlement unit and degree of the block of flats housing. We used standard processing methods based on a comparative analysis of the development of statistical data, graphical and tabular expression of the issue. The results show that the number of inhabitants in the region is decreasing annually, but the amount of municipal waste increases. The amount of MW may be related to population density, especially if concerning larger urban municipalities and districts and it was shown in 2011. Regarding to size and type of settlement unit, decreases in the number of inhabitants in individual municipalities of the region may be related to the decrease in the amount of MW, which occurred in 2004, 2012, and 2013. The most significant contribution to the total employment rate in this region has industry, wholesale, retail, and the last were the economic activities of construction, building, and agriculture.
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Gercekovich, D. A., O. Yu Basharina, I. S. Shilnikova, E. Yu Gorbachevskaya, and S. A. Gorsky. "Information and algorithmic support of a multi-level integrated system for the investment strategies formation." In 3rd International Workshop on Information, Computation, and Control Systems for Distributed Environments 2021. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47350/iccs-de.2021.06.
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The article summarizes the accumulated practical experience of the authors in the development of algorithms for the formation of investment strategies. For this purpose, the optimization of the studied parameters, information support of investment activities, verification, monitoring and adjustment in the testing mode and the subsequent practical application of the described tools are considered. The system is based on the main provisions of the Markowitz portfolio theory. The analytical block of the Information System Portfolio Investor includes Profitability-Risk model; empirical models of optimal complexity; hybrid predictive model systems; the principle of combining (integrating) both models and forecasts, as well as decision rules; optimization of the training sample length (modified Markowitz model); optimization of the frequency of monitoring and adjusting the composition of the investment portfolio. The principles of design and development of the information block of the system, its replenishment and functioning are described in detail. All the above listed components of the algorithmic content of the investment decision making system are described sequentially. The system modules have been successfully tested on a wide class of financial instruments: ordinary shares, preferred shares, government and corporate bonds, exchange commodities, stock, commodity, industry and bond indices, exchange-traded investment funds and real estate funds. The implemented Markowitz model with a dynamic database of historical data can significantly increase the efficiency of investment decisions, which is facilitated by taking into account the characteristics of both the markets under study and the corresponding financial instruments.
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Iovene, Maddalena, Graciela Fernandéz De Córdova, Ombretta Romice, and Sergio Porta. "Towards Informal Planning: Mapping the Evolution of Spontaneous Settlements in Time." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5441.
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Maddalena Iovene¹, Graciela Fernandéz De Córdova2, Ombretta Romice¹, Sergio Porta¹ ¹Urban Design Studies Unit (UDSU). Department of Architecture. University of Strathclyde. 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G11XJ, UK. 2Centro de Investigación de la Arquitectura y la Ciudad (CIAC), Departamento de Arquitectura, PUCP. Av. Universitaria 1801, 32 San Miguel, Lima, Peru. E-mail: maddalena.iovene@strath.ac.uk, gdcfernandez@pucp.edu.pe, ombretta.r.romice@strath.ac.uk, sergioporta@strath.ac.uk Keywords (3-5): Informal Settlement, Peru, Lima, Model of Change, Urban Morphology Conference topics and scale: Reading and Regenerating the Informal City Cities are the largest complex adaptive system in human culture and have always been changing in time according to largely unplanned patterns of development. Though urban morphology has typically addressed studies of form in cities, with emphasis on historical cases, diachronic comparative studies are still relatively rare, especially those based on quantitative analysis. As a result, we are still far from laying the ground for a comprehensive understanding of the urban form’s model of change. However, developing such understanding is extremely relevant as the cross-scale interlink between the spatial and social-economic dynamics in cities are increasingly recognized to play a major role in the complex functioning of urban systems and quality of life. We study the urban form of San Pedro de Ate, an informal settlement in Lima, Peru, along its entire cycle of development over the last seventy years. Our study, conducted through a four-months on-site field research, is based on the idea that informal settlements would change according to patterns similar to those of pre-modern cities, though at a much faster pace of growth, yet giving the opportunity to observe the evolution of an urban organism in a limited time span. To do so we first digitalize aerial photographs of five different time periods (from 1944 to 2013), to then conduct a typo-morphological analysis at five scales: a) unit, b) building, c) plot, d) block, and e) settlement (comprehensive of public spaces and street network). We identify and classify patterns of change in the settlement’s urban structure using recognised literature on pre-modern cities, thus supporting our original hypothesis. We then suggest a unitary model of analysis that we name Temporal Settlement Matrix (TSM). Reference List Caniggia, G., & Maffei, G. L. (2008). Lettura dell’edilizia di base (Vol. 215). Alinea Editrice. Conzen, M. R. G. (1958). The growth and character of Whitby. A Survey of Whitby and the Surrounding Area, 49–89. Hernández, F., Kellett, P. W., & Allen, L. K. (2010). Rethinking the informal city: critical perspectives from Latin America (Vol. 11). Berghahn Books. Kropf, K. (2009). Aspects of urban form. Urban Morphology, 13(2), 105–120. Muratori, S. (1960). Studi per una operante storia urbana di Venezia. Palladio, 1959, 1–113. 22. Porta, S., Romice, O., Maxwell, J. A., Russell, P., & Baird, D. (2014). Alterations in scale: patterns of change in main street networks across time and space. Urban Studies, 51(16), 3383–3400. Watson, V. (2009). “The planned city sweeps the poor away…”: Urban planning and 21st century urbanisation. Progress in Planning, 72(3), 151–193. Whitehand, J. W. R. (2001). Changing suburban landscapes at the microscale. Tijdschrift Voor Economische En Sociale Geografie, 92(2), 164–184.