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Journal articles on the topic 'Historical Book Structures'
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1
Hovakimian, Armen. "Are Observed Capital Structures Determined by Equity Market Timing?" Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 41, no. 1 (2006): 221–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109000002489.
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AbstractContrary to Baker and Wurgler (2002), I find that the importance of historical average market-to-book ratios in leverage regressions is not due to past equity market timing. Although equity transactions may be timed to equity market conditions, they do not have significant long lasting effects on capital structure. Debt transactions exhibit timing patterns that are unlikely to induce a negative relation between market-to-book ratios and leverage. I also find that historical average market-to-book ratios have significant effects on current financing and investment decisions, implying that they contain information about growth opportunities not captured by current market-to-book ratios.
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Rogozhnikova, T. P., and M. V. Khomenko. "ANTHROPONYMIC SYSTEM OF THE 1701 CENSUS BOOK OF TARA REGION." Review of Omsk State Pedagogical University. Humanitarian research, no. 29 (2020): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36809/2309-9380-2020-29-83-87.
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The material for the study is a historical regional source of a fiscal nature. The system of naming Siberian taxpayers at the turn of the 20th–21st centuries is considered. Anthroponymic structures, socio-cultural determinism of structures and models, word-formation features of anthroponyms are revealed.
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Steiner, Ann. "Personal Readings and Public Texts: Book Blogs and Online Writing about Literature." Culture Unbound 2, no. 4 (2010): 471–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.10228471.
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The blogging culture has become an important and integrated part of the book trade and has influenced the publishing, marketing and distribution of literature in North America and in many European countries. However, it is unclear how this potential agency among bloggers operates, and thus far most research has concerned politics, media systems and larger social structures. The present article is a study of the Swedish book blogs during the autumn of 2009 and an attempt to address a small, but significant, part of the Internet influence. The relationship between books and digital technology is complicated and manifold, but it is clear that the Internet has changed how people access books, how they read and how they communicate with others about their reading. Here, the position of the amateur is one that will be discussed in detail in terms of professionalism, strategies and hierarchies. Another issue that will be addressed is the connections between the book bloggers and the book trade, especially the publishers and their marketing departments. The book bloggers operate in a social realm, despite the fact that their writing is personal, and have to be understood in their social, economic and literary context. The Swedish book blogs will be analysed with the help of readerresponse theory, sociology of literature and a book historical perspective on the dissemination of literature.
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Piketty, Thomas. "Toward a Political and Historical Economics Reflections on Capital in the Twenty-First Century." Annales (English ed.) 70, no. 01 (2015): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568200001011.
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Abstract This article attempts to clarify certain points raised in my book, Capital in the Twenty-First Century. In particular, I try to lay the foundations for a multidimensional history of capital and power relations between social classes. I study the way different forms of ownership lead to specific structures of inequality and social and institutional compromises.
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Hellwig, Oliver. "Dating Sanskrit texts using linguistic features and neural networks." Indogermanische Forschungen 124, no. 1 (2019): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/if-2019-0001.
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Abstract Deriving historical dates or datable stratifications for texts in Classical Sanskrit, such as the epics Mahābhārata and Rāmāyaṇa, is a considerable challenge for text-historical research. This paper provides empirical evidence for subtle but noticeable diachronic changes in the fundamental linguistic structures of Classical Sanskrit, and argues that Classical Sanskrit shows enough diachronic variation for dating texts on the basis of linguistic developments. Building on this evidence, it evaluates machine learning algorithms that predict approximate dates of composition for Sanskrit texts. The paper introduces the required background, discusses the relevance of linguistic features for temporal classification, and presents a text-historical evaluation of Book 6 of the Mahābhārata, whose historical stratification is disputed in Indological research.
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Dementiev, V. E. "Scientifically and practically significant development of a major and relevant economic and managerial topic (about the book by Yu.B. Vinslav «Management of integrated structures: theoretical and methodical aspects»)." Russian Economic Journal, no. 2 (May 2020): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33983/0130-9757-2020-2-81-90.
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The article is a review of the book named in the title. According to the reviewer, the author of the monograph is highly qualified: 1) considers a complex set of issues of management modernization in domestic integrated companies; 2) develops a historical overview of the formation of large corporate business in post-Soviet Russia, systematizes its current problems; 3) describes the conceptual features of management of integrated corporate structures (ICS); 4) substantiates. practical recommendations for improving the management of ICS and public management of the development of the sector of these structures. The reviewer's reflections on the book are summarized in the thesis about its high value for business circles and the scientific and educational community of the country, for state and local government bodies.
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Dooley, Allan C. "Epic and Anti-Epic in The Ring and the Book." Browning Institute Studies 15 (1987): 137–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0092472500001905.
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In several ways, The Ring and the Book presents itself as an epic. It is long, and long in the epic way: twelve books. It gives the impression of moving from place to place and from incident to incident, and it contains plenty of conflict, harrowing episodes, and violent struggles. And yet upon reflection, The Ring and the Book quickly loses its savor of the epic. Its length derives not from the sequential narration of causally-related, Fate-driven events of historical importance, but rather from a series of competing analyses of just one relatively brief and decidedly unheroic set of events. Very little in the way of incident is presented to the reader directly; instead, almost all of the events in the central story are recollected and accounted for in different ways by different speakers. The Ring and the Book seems to be more an epic of words than of deeds. As critics we speak of Browning's psychologizing, of his probing of motives, of the potential indeterminacy of the very truth he tells us he seeks to reveal. The arguments and structures of the poem thus aspire to the condition of irony, as may be confirmed by the poet's own doubts about his achievement at the end of Book 12. On this reading, Browning prompts us to a relativist, modernist, or even post-modernist stance, a view of considerable attractiveness.
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Vosburg, William W. "The Ombudsmen in New Zealand by Bryan Gilling." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 31, no. 4 (2000): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v31i4.5928.
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This article is a book review of Bryan Gilling The Ombudsman in New Zealand (Dunmore Press in association with the Historical Branch, Department of Internal Affairs, Palmerston North, 1998) (190 pages, $29.95). Gilling's book provides an important account of the evolution of the New Zealand ombudsman providing an accessible and careful analysis of its first thirty years, which contained periods of both government stability as well as radical changes in the government's structure, the economy, the class structure, the status of minority groups and foreign relations. Vosburgh states that the book stands as a study of institutionalism and evolution of government structures, and praises Gilling for containing a comprehensive account with a compact and sharp focus.
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Tsiborovska-Rymarovych, Iryna. "Vyshnivetsky Castle Library of Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky – Historical Book Heritage and Object of Bibliological and Historical Reconstruction." Bibliotheca Lituana 3 (December 22, 2014): 166–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/bibllita.2014.3.15569.
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The article has as its object the elucidation of the history of the Vyshnivetsky Castle Library, definition of the content of its fund, its historical and cultural significance, correlation of the founder of the Library Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky with the Book.The Vyshnivetsky Castle Library was formed in the Ukrainian historical region of Volyn’, in the Vyshnivets town – “family nest” of the old Ukrainian noble family of the Vyshnivetskies under the “Korybut” coat of arm. The founder of the Library was Prince Mychailo Servaty Vyshnivetsky (1680–1744) – Grand Hetman and Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Vilno Voievoda. He was a politician, an erudite and great bibliophile. In the 30th–40th of the 18th century the main Prince’s residence Vyshnivets became an important centre of magnate’s culture in Rich Pospolyta. M. S. Vyshnivetsky’s contemporaries from the noble class and clergy knew quite well about his library and really appreciated it. According to historical documents 5 periods are defined in the Library’s history. In the historical sources the first place is occupied by old-printed books of Library collection and 7 Library manuscript catalogues dating from 1745 up to the 1835 which give information about quantity and topical structures of Library collection.The Library is a historical and cultural symbol of the Enlightenment epoch. The Enlightenment and those particular concepts and cultural images pertaining to that epoch had their effect on the formation of Library’s fund. Its main features are as follow: comprehensive nature of the stock, predominance of French eighteenth century editions, presence of academic books and editions on orientalistics as well as works of the ideologues of the Enlightenment and new kinds of literature, which generated as a result of this movement – encyclopaedias, encyclopaedian dictionaries, almanacs, etc. Besides the universal nature of its stock books on history, social and political thought, fiction were dominating.The reconstruction of the history of Vyshnivetsky’s Library, the historical analysis of the provenances in its editions give us better understanding of the personality of its owners and in some cases their philanthropic activities, and a better ability to identify the role of this Library in the culture life of society in a certain epoch.
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Lincove, David. "Book Review: The Powers of U.S. Congress: Where Constitutional Authority Begins and Ends." Reference & User Services Quarterly 57, no. 1 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.57.1.6458.
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his book offers an overview and analysis of the twenty-one powers of the US Congress as enumerated in the Constitution. It is organized by the powers of Congress in the order that they appear in Article I Section 8, Article II Section 2, and the enforcement provisions in the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments. Editor Brien Hallett (University of Hawaii, Manoa) introduces the book with historical background on how the American colonies developed the concepts and structures that led to the Constitution. Most important are social contract theory and the influence of the European commercial revolution in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries that had an impact on the original design of colonial government in America.
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Balakhnin, Valery. "ON THE 110TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BOOK «HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF RUSSIA IN CONNECTION WITH COLONIZATION» BY M. K. LYUBAVSKY." Interexpo GEO-Siberia 5 (2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-5-9-13.
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The article discusses the book of the pre-revolutionary Russian historian M.K. Lyubavsky “Historical Geography of Russia in Connection with Colonization”, published in 1909. After rehabilitation in 1967, the name and heritage of the “forgotten” academician gradually return' to the scientific environment. Nevertheless, academician K. M. Lyubavsky returned to Russian historiography as a historian of the period of Russian feudalism and, above all, a researcher of the Western Slavs. This article focuses on the study of such sphere of interests of the multifaceted activities of a talented organizer and scientist, such as Russia's historical geography in the context of the history of formation of geopolitical structures in our country and its contribution to the foundation of Russian geopolitics as a conductor of the idea of geographical determinism.
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Parker, David. "Impersonal Power. History and Theory of the Bourgeois State, Heide Gerstenberger, translated by David Fernbach, Historical Materialism Book Series, Leiden: Brill 2007." Historical Materialism 18, no. 3 (2010): 230–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920610x532307.
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AbstractHeide Gerstenberger’s book offers a comparative view of the origins and emergence of the bourgeois state in England and France. Both, according to her, emerged out of ancien-régime type structures which were themselves distinct from feudalism. Whilst recognising the value of Gerstenberger’s attempt to avoid economic reductionism when explaining changing power-structures, it is suggested that analytical tools such as ‘class’, ‘mode of production’ and the ‘state’, which she confines to capitalism, do have considerable utility for the analysis of precapitalist régimes. More importantly, it is suggested that her attempt to maintain that in England, as in France, an ancien-régime type society endured at least to the end of the eighteenth century obscures the fundamentally divergent paths taken by the two countries. This is compounded by her rejection of the idea of a French absolutism and an underestimation of the extent to which power-structures in England were modified by the precocious development of capitalism. Whilst suggesting that a bourgeois public space was able to develop in the interstices of structures of the ancien régime, Gersternberger fails to recognise the extent to which this had transformed the English polity by the mid-seventeenth century.
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Steinmetz, George. "Logics of History as a Framework for an Integrated Social Science." Social Science History 32, no. 4 (2008): 535–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200010828.
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This essay surveys the contributions of William H. Sewell Jr.'sLogics of History and concludes that the book sketches a compelling agenda for an integrated historical social science. The author first summarizes Sewell's ontological and epistemological claims concerning social structure and event, history and temporality, and sociohistorical causality. The author then discusses five main areas in which ambiguities in Sewell's approach might be clarified or his arguments pushed farther. These concern (1) the relationship between historical event and traumatic event; (2) the idea of the unprecedented event or “antistructure”; (3) the theory of semiosis underlying Sewell's notion of a multiplicity of structures; and (4) the compatibilities and differences between the concepts of structure and mechanism (here the author argues that social structures are the distinctive “mechanisms” of the human or social sciences). Finally, (5) Sewell's call for “a more robust sense of the social” in historical writing locates the “social” mainly at the level of the metafield of power, or what regulation theory calls the mode of regulation; the author suggests a possible integration of this society-level concept with Pierre Bourdieu's theory of semiautonomous fields.
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Huang, Rongbing, and Jay R. Ritter. "Testing Theories of Capital Structure and Estimating the Speed of Adjustment." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 44, no. 2 (2009): 237–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109009090152.
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AbstractThis paper examines time-series patterns of external financing decisions and shows that publicly traded U.S. firms fund a much larger proportion of their financing deficit with external equity when the cost of equity capital is low. The historical values of the cost of equity capital have long-lasting effects on firms’ capital structures through their influence on firms’ historical financing decisions. We also introduce a new econometric technique to deal with biases in estimates of the speed of adjustment toward target leverage. We find that firms adjust toward target leverage at a moderate speed, with a half-life of 3.7 years for book leverage, even after controlling for the traditional determinants of capital structure and firm fixed effects.
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Sapiro, Virginia. "Dividing Citizens: Gender and Federalism in New Deal Public Policy. By Suzanne Mettler. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998. 239p. $52.50 cloth, $18.95 paper." American Political Science Review 95, no. 2 (2001): 481–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055401422027.
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Dividing Citizens is an important contribution both to the burgeoning literature on the historical development of the American state and citizenship and to the lively field of work on gender within that corpus. Like the best studies of this sort, Mettler's book ably demonstrates not only how the transforming institutions and practices affected women but also how gender norms and practices were built into the new structures, making gender a basic element of their architec- ture.
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Gillman, Susan. "Oceans of Longues Durées." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 127, no. 2 (2012): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2012.127.2.328.
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Anyone in literary studies who has looked recently at titles of books, conferences, research clusters, and even syllabi across the field cannot have missed two key words, borrowed from historical studies, that are doing substantial periodizing duty for literary and cultural criticism: one a chronological unit, the longue durée, and the other nominally a geographic unit, the Atlantic world. While it may not be obvious, each of these terms has spatial as well as temporal dimensions that reflect their shared origins with Ferdinand Braudel. Braudel first developed an application of the concept of the longue durée (pioneered by Marc Bloch) during the 1940s when, as a German prisoner of war, he wrote the initial draft of his book The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II; later, in 1958, he published his famous conceptual piece on the longue durée in Annales. Braudel posits that time moves at different speeds, defined as geographic, social, and individual, each corresponding to a different durée (literally, a duration of time). The longue durée (usually translated as “long perspective” or “long term”) is the slowest-moving, operating on the scale of centuries, in which historical changes are humanly imperceptible. Braudel's Mediterranean constructs a geography commensurate with his theory of time, the methodological and conceptual frameworks of his book-its geohistorical plan, its comparative approach, its macrohistorical, multidimensional perspective, shifting from the longue durée to the courte durée of political events, embodied in its tripartite division into structures, conjunctures, and events, each section proposing a different mode of periodization and time scale. Braudel's Mediterranean thus consists spatially of multiple seas unfolding temporally over the longue durée and as such simultaneously provides literary studies with a flexible tool for revisionist periodization and Atlantic studies, both historical and literary, with the powerful model of a region as a unit of geographic and chronological analysis.
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MURTHY, VIREN. "MODERNITY AGAINST MODERNITY: WANG HUI'S CRITICAL HISTORY OF CHINESE THOUGHT." Modern Intellectual History 3, no. 1 (2006): 137–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147924430500065x.
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In the last fifteen years or so, Chinese intellectuals have been heatedly debating the complex relationships between China's prospects, China's past, and the modern predicament. In this context Wang Hui has emerged as one of China's most challenging and controversial intellectuals. His work is controversial. At a time when intellectuals take modernization as a goal, Wang has consistently voiced reservations. Readers find his works challenging because, instead of criticizing modernity or capitalism from simple moral tenets, Wang has always sought to redefine the terms of the debate through detailed and sensitive historical analysis. Hence amidst his busy life as editor, professor, and polemicist, Wang has devoted more than ten years to writing his magisterial four volume book The Rise of Modern Chinese Thought (Zhongguo sixiang de xingqi), in which he fundamentally rethinks the relationship between modernity and Chinese thought. However, Wang's book is not just an immense contribution to historical and historiographical scholarship; his work is a self-consciously political intervention. Specifically, he highlights the role of intellectual history as critique and attempts to recover repressed elements of the past in order to question the structures that govern the present. In the last line of the conclusion to his book he writes, “the history that modernity loftily and even proudly rejects contains the inspiration and possibilities for overcoming its crisis.” Taking China as his focus, Wang attempts to write this history.
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Lohmann, Friedrich. "Göttliches und menschliches Recht. Zur Rechtsbegründung bei Jacques Ellul." Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik 42, no. 1 (1998): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14315/zee-1998-0119.
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AbstractThe French scholar Jacques Ellul is nearly forgotton in German-speaking theology. The author presents Ellul's book of 1946 in which he developed a theological foundation of law, puts it in its historical context and tries a theological evaluation. In spite of some fundamental Iacks, particularly in the comprehension of revelation, at least three ideas (which can be found even more in the later work of Ellul) still merit consideration: no sphere of human reality is independent of God; therefore, theology comprehends an investigation of the inner structures of society; in this, it is focused on the Christan hope.
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Roark, Ryan. "“Stonehenge in the Mind” and “Stonehenge on the Ground”:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 77, no. 3 (2018): 285–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2018.77.3.285.
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In Stone-Heng Restored (1655), Inigo Jones, the father of English neoclassicism, used drawings, histories, and questionable logic to argue that Stonehenge was built by the ancient Romans and that it originally exhibited perfect Platonic geometries. This argument was never given much credence, but by 1725 the subject matter and the architect had received enough attention that two book-length responses (a challenge and a defense) were published, and both were then republished in a single volume alongside Jones's original text. While most Jones scholars have neglected this work because of its logical and historical shortcomings, Ryan Roark argues in “Stonehenge in the Mind” and “Stonehenge on the Ground”: Reader, Viewer, and Object in Inigo Jones's Stone-Heng Restored (1655) that it was in fact exemplary of what made Jones, for many, a protomodern architect and scholar. Rather than viewing Jones's book as an earnest attempt to prove a historical inaccuracy, Roark considers it as an exercise in formal analysis, one that set the precedent for the contemporary pedagogical trend of using geometric simplifications of existing structures as a first step in new design. Jones's idiosyncratic reading of Stonehenge belied the idea that such analysis could be anything but intensely reliant on the subjectivity of both architect and viewer.
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Dow, Katharine, and Janelle Lamoreaux. "Situated Kinmaking and the Population “Problem”." Environmental Humanities 12, no. 2 (2020): 475–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/22011919-8623230.
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Abstract Contemporary concern about climate change has been accompanied by a resurgence in questions about what part human numbers play in environmental degradation and species loss. What does population mean, and how is this concept being put to use at a moment when the urgency of climate change seems to elevate the appeal to/of numbers? What role has and should kinship play in understanding “population”? Through a discussion of three recent books—Adele Clarke and Donna Haraway’s edited collection Making Kin Not Population, Michelle Murphy’s The Economization of Life, and Jade Sasser’s On Infertile Ground—this book review essay grapples with the place of human numbers in our understanding of the connections between human reproduction, kinship, and environmental issues. This essay engages most closely with the chapters by Clarke and Haraway in Making Kin, setting out concerns about their turn to (over)population through the analytical insights, historical perspectives, and empirical data of Murphy and Sasser. By putting these three books in dialogue with one another, this essay argues that responsibility for limitations on one’s ability to make kin lies within a heteronormative, White supremacist, capitalist political-economy and its inherent structures of inequality rather than in individual (decision) making.
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Leone, Mark P., Douglas V. Armstrong, Yvonne Marshall, and Adam T. Smith. "The Archaeology of Liberty in an American Captial: Excavations in Annapolis." Cambridge Archaeological Journal 18, no. 1 (2008): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959774308000115.
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Over the last two decades, there has been increasing attention to community archaeology, an archaeology which acknowledges the impact of archaeological research upon the communities among which it is conducted. Doing fieldwork has tangible effects upon the people we work among: archaeologists provide employment, spend money locally, negotiate local power structures, provide exotic connections, and, not least, change the landscape of knowledge by helping local people understand more or different things about their ancestors and about their own historical identity. While this is true worldwide, within American Historical Archaeology this strand of research has converged with a tradition of sophisticated materialist analysis highlighting not only class domination but also resistance and the persistence of alternative practices, ideologies and identities. A key element of this archaeology is public participation in the process of revealing a past of domination, struggle and resistance. The result is an archaeology which aspires not only to revise traditionally endorsed accounts of American history, but also to be an activist archaeology.Mark Leone began this line of activist, participatory historical archaeology many years ago in Annapolis, and many of the scholars currently contributing to this body of work have been trained or inspired by this project. In The Archaeology of Liberty in an American Capital, Leone summarizes twenty-five years of research at Annapolis.The Archaeology of Liberty in an American Capital: Excavations in Annapolis has received the Society for Historical Archaeology's James Deetz Book Award for 2008.
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Wiles, Ellen. "Three branches of literary anthropology: Sources, styles, subject matter." Ethnography 21, no. 2 (2018): 280–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1466138118762958.
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‘What is literary anthropology?’ – a deceptively simple question, posed by anthropologist Paul Stoller – unleashes debate about the perceived identity of the field. Through the lens of three book reviews, this essay proposes conceptualizing literary anthropology as a central stem with three branches. The first is the use of literary texts as ethnographic source material, particularly for historical anthropologists. The second is the use of literary modes of writing ethnography, ranging from the incorporation of metaphorical language and the subversion of conventional ethnographic structures to the production of fiction as ethnography. The third is the anthropological examination of literary cultural and production practices. The third has been underexplored in the academy to date, the second has been at the centre of fierce controversy within the wider field of anthropology, while the first has arguably been limited by restrictive disciplinary and epistemological assumptions.
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Grodecki, Mateusz. "Building social capital: Polish football supporters through the lens of James Coleman’s conception." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 54, no. 4 (2017): 459–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690217728728.
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The purpose of the presented study is to understand and describe the mechanisms for generating social capital in the groups of devoted football supporters in Poland, by: (a) exploring those features of football supporters’ social structures that are essential for creating social capital and enabling them to maintain it within those groups; and (b) trying to identify the historical processes which foster emergence of these features in supporters’ social structures. The presented analysis is part of a wider research project on Polish football supporters’ social capital. It draws on a qualitative approach based on the triangulation of a variety of methods: on-going ethnography, participant observation, individual interviews and content analysis (internet forums, book biographies, magazines, zines and qualitative research materials from previous research). Drawing on Coleman’s concept, this study identifies the presence of specific forms of social capital ( appropriate social organization, obligations and expectations, norms and effective sanctions and information channels) and internal factors ( ideology, closure and stability) facilitating maintenance of this ‘source’ in the structures of devoted supporters’ groups in Poland. The results show also that social capital is created on the stands and then transferred to the other areas of social life. Furthermore, the social capital used in areas other than where it was first created can strengthen efficiency and trust in the original organization. Further, external factors like the co-production process and ‘war’ with the state are considered as variables fostering the emergence of social capital in the analysed structures. However, these same external factors also made those structures very exclusive.
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George, Jibu Mathew. "Joyce à la Braudel: The Long-Temporality of Ulysses." Kronoscope 13, no. 1 (2013): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685241-12341256.
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Abstract Although James Joyce’s Ulysses (1922) covers only eighteen hours of a single day, the characters’ reflections and the symbolic networks of the text stretch the temporal reach of Ulysses to incredibly remote events of personal, historical, and mythical pasts. This essay focuses on a peculiar temporal dynamic in the text: by self-consciously basing itself upon the inconspicuous routine occurrences of everyday life rather than upon plot-making ‘events,’ the book hypostasizes what the Annales School of historians considers a long-temporal historical process into diurnal images. This temporal analysis of Joyce’s text draws upon Fernand Braudel, for whom history operates at multiple levels and is subject to various temporalities. Braudel’s interest lies in the imperceptibly slow-moving geographical time (longe durée), which characterizes the deep-lying “structures” of day-to-day life. Under such a micro-historical exegetical paradigm, the everyday objects and material practices of Ulysses, simultaneously synchronic and diachronic in signification, become the residual fragments of an evolving material civilization. Here Joyce’s modernist practice with regard to time provides an alibi for creating parallel narratives and histories. The long-temporality implied in the everyday furnishes Joyce with a perspectival basis on which history and its politics can be reconceived. It enables Joyce to present the claims, priorities, and challenges of the everyday lives of ordinary people, the real makers of a lasting history, as an experiential contrast to the ruptures and discontinuities of a nightmarish ‘grand history.’
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Borisyonok, Yuriy A. "The “Polish-Belarusian Knot” 1918–1921 in the interpretation of modern Polish historiography." Slavic Almanac, no. 3-4 (2020): 568–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2073-5731.2020.3-4.7.02.
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1918–1921 became an important milestone in the formation of both Polish and Belarusian statehood. The goals and aspirations of various political forces on both sides are reflected in detail in an extensive collection of documents and materials, which has no analogues in Polish historiography. It was edited by the famous Polish historian Wojciech Materski and published in Warsaw in 2018. The significance of the book is not only that it first published several dozen sources on Belarusian topics, iamong them those available only in the archives of the United States and Great Britain, but also in a new formulation of a number of research problems for the historical science of Poland. Among them, it is worth highlighting the concept of the “Polish-Belarusian knot” and the comparison of attempts to restore Polish statehood since 1916 with the formation of Belarusian state structures since 1918.
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Wood, Joyce Rilett. "Tragic and Comic Forms in Amos." Biblical Interpretation 6, no. 1 (1998): 20–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851598x00219.
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AbstractThe literary distinction between the poetry of Amos and its prophetic update is matched by a difference in the form of the two works. Amos composed a dramatic piece, and its plot structure has the downward movement of tragedy. His commentator changed the tragic poetry into a historical piece, and its narrative structure has the upward movement of comedy. Each narrative movement takes on a definite but contradictory form, and the form structures each literary text as a whole and also shapes its individual components. Understanding the tragic and comic forms in Amos is the way to capture the flow and meaning and interwoven complexities of the whole book. The idea that Amos composed a dramatic monologue or tragic monody for recitation before an audience is supported by the literary evidence and corroborated by the wider cultural background of the Mediterranean world. The comic author, in common with Greek comic writers, commented on the tragic poet and his poetry by way of parody, imitation, quotation and allusion.
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Loma, Svetlana. "Two epigraphic-historical notes." Starinar, no. 58 (2008): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta0858189l.
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Recently a monograph appeared dealing with Roman epigraphical monuments from the West-Serbian town of Cacak and its neighbourhood (S. Ferjancic / G. Jeremic / A. Gojgic, Roman Epigraphic Monuments from Cacak and its Vicinity Cacak 2008, Engl. Summary pp. 103-107). Authored by one specialist in Roman history and epigraphy and two archaeologists, the book is rather thin and does not provide much new data, apart from the identification of the equestrian officer Tiberius Claudius Gallus with Severus' senator - which was taken from my PhD thesis without citing it - and from two inscriptions, ? 20 and ? 21, forming the subject of the present paper. Published here for the first time, they both contain important information which the co-authors failed to notice. The consuls of 227 A.D. in an inscription from Cacak The ? 21 (fig. 1) was found in the site of Gradina on the mountain Jelica, S. of Cacak. It is engraved on a whitish limestone monument, apparently an ara, the middle and lower parts of which are preserved after it has been reshaped to be used as building material. The four-line inscription was read by the editors as follows: [- - -] Aur(elius) F[- - - v(otum)] l(ibens) p(osuit) Mal+[- - -]et Al[- - - co(n)s(ulibus)] Idibus [- - -]. Unable to identify the pair of consuls mentioned in lines two and three, the authors interpret the inscription as a funerary one: [- - -]Aur(elius or -elio) F[- - - vix(it) ann(is)] L P. Mal+[- - -]et Al[- - - f(ecerunt) ? die ?] Idibus [- - -]. In fact, they misread the final cluster of the line two, by having mistaken for L the long right serif of M (in ligature with A) together with a trace of a subsequent letter, which proves to be an X. The alignment of the letters at the beginning of the lines suggests that the left side of the inscription is entirely preserved. The inscription reads as folows: ] \ Aur(elius) F+[ -] \ l(ibens) p(osuit) Max[imo] \ et Al[bino co(n)s(ulibus)] \ Idibus [ -]. M. Laelius Maximus Aemilianus (PIR2 L56) - probably son of Marcus Laelius Maximus (PIR2 L55), one of the leading senators under Septimius Severus - and M. Nummius Senecio Albinus (PIR2 N235) were the eponymous consuls of 227. The pair is attested in several inscriptions, e.g. CIL VIII 18831 from Numidia which resembles this one in recording the exact date: Bacaci Aug(usto) \ sac(rum) \ Albino et Ma\ximo co(n)s(ulibus) \ Kal(endis) Mai(is) [3] Si\ttius Novellus \ et Q. Galerius Mu\stianus magg(istri) \ [Thib(ilitanorum?)]. Here Albinus' name precedes that of Maximus, which is usually the case. Nevertheless, a parallel with Maximus named before Albinus is provided by an inscription from Dacia (ILD 774, near Cluj): Deae Ne\mesi sac\rum Aur(elius) Ru[f]inus \ be(ne)f(iciarius) co(n)s(ularis) \ leg(ionis) XIII Gem(inae) \ Sever(ianae) v(otum) l(ibens) p(osuit) Maximo et Albi\[no] co(n)s(ulibus). Consequently, ? 21 is a votive inscription, largely restorable and precisely datable. The Collegium curatorum of the Cohors II Delmatarum in an inscription from Cacak Forty years ago within the Ascension Church yard in Cacak the lower part of a Roman limestone monument has been accidentally unearthed, bearing an inscription, three last lines of which are partially preserved (? 20 of the catalogue, (fig. 2), wherein only the mention of a cohort was recognized by the editors, who read: ]\[- - -]ALB[- - -| -]GIATI +[- - -|- - -co]h(ortis) eiusde(m) [- - -|- - - The elegant, shaded letters are lined up one below the other, which suggests that the text was arranged following the principle of centering. Above the L in the first line there is a trace of an O or a Q, unnoticed by the editors. So, there are 4 lines partially preserved. The space left between the lines 2 and 3 being larger than that between 1-2 and 3-4 respectively, the two last lines seem to constitute a separate entry. The genitive case cohortis eiusdem implies a preceding designation of the dedicant(s), and what we have before is a nominative plural ending in ?giati followed by a word of which only the first letter, C or O, is still discernible. As the most probable, if not the only possible, we propose the following restoration of the last two lines (fig. 8): [colle]giati c[urat(ores)]|[co]h(ortis) eiusde[m] possibly with a p(osuerunt) or d(edicaverunt) in the end. Despite its fragmentariness, the present inscription bears an important testimony to the existence, within the Roman army, of professional associations (collegia militaria) independent of regular military structures. The evidence for them is based solely on epigraphic sources; some hundred inscriptions contradict the paragraph of the Digesta (47.22) forbidding the soldiers to organize corporate associations in the camps. The cohort in question is doubtless the cohors II Aurelia Delmatarum milliaria equitata, which is known to have been stationed permanently, from the seventies of the second century A.D. to the fifties of the third century, in the eastern part of Dalmatia around the modern city of Cacak. It was a mixed infantry and cavalry unit, and the rank of curator (curator equitum singularium, curator alae, curator cohortis) is attested exclusively in the mounted units of the Roman army. It was higher than the simple eques; in the auxiliary troops, the curators may have been charged with special tactical or economic-administrative tasks. The lower officers (principales) and the soldiers with special tasks were allowed to form private associations fostering loyalty to the Emperor. All Roman collegia including the military ones, had their religious purpose and their official meeting room (schola) was also a sanctuary of their patron deity. It might be a part of the headquarters building, as in the case of the Castra Nova equitum singularium in Rome, where, beneath the Basilica of St John Lateran an Ionic capitel was uncovered with inscription on it dated with AD 197 recording the dedication of the schola curatorum to Minerva Augusta (AE 1935 156 = AE 1968, 8b).
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ANDRIESCU, Mircea, Sorin TALĂ, and Dan Mircea ENESCU. "Anatomical and functional correlations in feminizing genitoplasty in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia." Romanian Journal of Medical Practice 10, no. 3 (2015): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjmp.2015.3.13.
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Objectives. To establish the anatomical and functional correlations which are necessary in feminizing genitoplasty through the study of the specialized literature, following the changes in surgical procedures gained with the improvement of anatomical knowledge. Materials and method. There were studied references from internet database, some with historical importance but representative as evolutionary steps in establishing the current procedures accessed in feminizing surgery. There were searched case reports, reviews, technical presentations, descriptive, retrospective and prospective studies, also book chapters. Results. Of the studied materials have been selected 43 titles, including articles and papers that bring in the fore the importance of the anatomical and functional features present within the studied pathology, making correlations that developed, perfected and refined surgical techniques used in feminizing genitoplasty. Some observations and technical applications have historical value in these days but aspects were reiterated in this study, trying to select some surgical procedures in according with current requirements. Conclusions. Although techniques have gained value thanks to the thorough study of functional anatomy, each surgical stage winning accuracy and functional value, keeping the sensitivity of the genital area through the observance of structures with tactile and erectile importance, there are controversies which are emphasized by the pitiful of long-term outcomes, but also by ethical and deontological implications of this type of treatment. For cases of Congenital Adrenalian Hyperplasia keeping the integrity of the tissue and reproductive function is the main reason which eases the surgical decision.
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Varganova, G. "Philosophy and the library and information studies: Vectors of interaction." Scientific and Technical Libraries 1, no. 11 (2019): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2019-11-17-24.
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The author analyzes the origins of interest towards philosophical issues the book and library scientists and researcher bibliographers take. The need for more close interaction between philosophy and the library and information science in the circumstances of transition from information society to knowledge society and digital economy is substantiated. The process of cognitive institutionalization of philosophical knowledge in the library and information science is examined. The author analyzes several works by Arkady V. Sokolov on the content and specific features of bibliosophy as a philosophical system focused on biblioshere within the historical context. The key functions of philosophical knowledge are discussed as related to library and information science which enables rationalizing and reliable, accurate and relevant assessment of multiple and unique processes and phenomena in this disciplines. The focus is made on the worldview, ontological, gnoseological, methodological and axiological functions. The authors emphasizes the role of philosophy in developing conceptual, theoretical, logical and methodological structures for serious study of bibliosphere and its rational perception as one of the fundamental cultural segments
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Sharp, Elaine B. "The Politics and Economics of the New City Debt." American Political Science Review 80, no. 4 (1986): 1271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055400185107.
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This paper contrasts nonguaranteed city debt with taxation and general obligation debt. Drawing upon Bureau of the Census, Advisory Commission on Intergovernmental Relations (ACIR) and Municipal Year Book data, the analysis shows that both per capita tax revenue and outstanding general obligation debt are best explained by background factors such as total population, functional scope, and region, while fiscal strain plays a secondary role. Political structures, in the shape of legal constraints on taxation and debt and of form of government, do not account for patterns of these traditional revenue sources. By contrast, nonguaranteed debt is best explained by a model in which fiscal strain has a paramount role, but with both legal constraints on taxing and regional differentiation contributing significantly to the explanation, at least for data collected prior to 1978. The findings suggest a two-tiered model of the revenue side of fiscal decision making, with historical accommodations to powerful economic and demographic factors dominating taxing and general obligation debt, while nonguaranteed debt serves as a flexible instrument of shorter-term strategy.
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Hennigfeld, Iris. "From Phenomenological Self-Givenness to the Notion of Spiritual Freedom." PhaenEx 13, no. 2 (2020): 38–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/p.v13i2.6217.
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In my paper, I want to focus not only on the notions of givenness and evidence in Husserl’s phenomenology, but also on phenomenological work “after” Husserl. I will elaborate on how these phenomenological key ideas can methodologically be made fruitful, especially for an investigation into religious phenomena. After giving an outline of Husserl’s notions of (self-)givenness, evidence, and original intuition (I), I want to portray key elements of Steinbock’s discovery of a generative dimension in Husserl’s phenomenology and show how this approach correlates to the field of religious experiences (II). Subsequently, I want to focus on Steinbock’s book Phenomenology of Mysticism: The Verticality of Religious Experience (2007), and elucidate how for Steinbock different historical examples of mystical experiences can serve as leading clues for the revelation of the essential, eidetic structures of “vertical experiences”—or, phenomenologically speaking, the eidos of religious experience, which turns out to be “epiphany” (III). The expression “verticality,” as opposed to “horizontality,” denotes the existential and dynamic dimension of experiences which are oriented toward a new height (religiously or morally) “beyond” ourselves.
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Kapinos, Elena V. "Epic, Lyrical and Dramatic Story in Theoretical and Historical Aspects: Chronicle of the All-Russian Conference “Theory of Literary Plot / Narratology – 6”." Studies in Theory of Literary Plot and Narratology 14, no. 2 (2019): 274–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2410-7883-2019-2-274-282.
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This article presents the chronicle of the “Theory of Literary Plot / Narratology – 6” conference, held on May 14–16, 2019, by the Literary Studies Department of the Institute of Philology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS). About 60 reports, prepared by researchers working in educational and scientific institutions of Siberia (Novosibirsk, Tomsk, Kemerovo, Barnaul, Krasnoyarsk, Rubtsovsk), as well as of Moscow, St. Petersburg, Perm and other cities, were delivered at the conference. Same as in previous years, this traditional conference was dedicated to the problems of creating a Dictionary of subjects and motifs of Russian literature (the work on compiling this multi-volume book is being carried out in the departments for the second decade). At the conference, the questions of literary plot theory and motif were discussed, the plot was taken as a concept of narratology, the history of specific plots was reconstructed, the review of plot and motif thesauruses of individual authors or works was made. The plot was considered in relation to the intertext in the motif – poetic path – poetic formula – name – word series of notions, taking into account the opposition of lyrical and epic, anarrative and narrative. In addition to theoretical reports, as well as studies reconstructing the transversal history of certain plots, works on the narratology and motif theory of the Siberian texts were also presented at the conference. The subject structure of opinion journalism (separately or in comparison with artistic subject structures) and multigenre works were also considered. A separate section was devoted to the ancient literature, and a rather large group (about a dozen) of researchers focused on the study of the lyrical plot, although the main interest was traditionally focused on the study of epos.
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Pavlov, Ilia. "An Ontology of Power as an Ontology of History: An Appraisal of Vladimir Bibikhin’s Political Philosophy." Sotsiologicheskoe Obozrenie / Russian Sociological Review 18, no. 3 (2019): 195–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2019-3-195-223.
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The paper deals with the phenomenological, ontological, and existential grounds of the political philosophy and the philosophy of history as proposed by Vladimir Bibikhin in a course of lectures called (It’s) Time (Time-Being). Following the crucial ideas of Martin Heidegger’s Being and Time, Bibikhin introduces the concepts of “early” and “late” disciplines, illustrated by the rules of Sophia Alekseyevna and Peter the Great, accordingly. These concepts are introduced to indicate two different ontological structures of historical and political action. An ‘early’ discipline stands for an ontological basis for democracy, whereas a ‘late’ one refers to autocracy and despotism. Drawing on multiple Bibikhin’s works dedicated to Russia, such as Introduction to the Philosophy of Law, The Power of Russia, and Our Place in the Word, the author argues that Bibikhin further elaborates the political and ontological aspects of the above-mentioned concept of the ‘late’ discipline in these texts. In contrast, the book New Renaissance is considered as an illustration of an ‘early’ discipline which is prevalent in the West, according to Bibikhin. Finally, the author proposes a critical evaluation of Bibikhin’s political philosophy in regards to its close link with an ideology and outlines the possible perspectives of implementing some of Bibikhin’s ideas in contemporary debates about the political.
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Laslett, Peter. "The Emergence of the Third Age." Ageing and Society 7, no. 2 (1987): 133–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00012538.
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ABSTRACTThis article is based upon a chapter in a book to be called Britain! Be Your Age! It begins with a discussion of schemes for dividing the life-course, describes the fresh division to which the title the Third Age belongs and refers briefly to a general theory of the Third Age. It is claimed that the Third Age as thus defined did not emerge in Britain and other Western countries until the 1950s, nor did it become a settled feature of their social structures until the 1980s. Expectation of life in a number of countries, developed and developing, is contrasted, and a comparison is undertaken between life expectation in the contemporary Third World and that in England in the historical past, that is since the early 16th century. It is concluded that contemporary developing societies have much longer life expectation than that in the English past, but markedly fewer elderly people. The implications of this for the modernisation theory in relation to ageing are drawn out, and the concept of modernisation shown to be unacceptable to historical sociologists. A Third Age Indicator (3AI) is then suggested, expressing the probability of a person of 25 years attaining 70 years. The Third Age is defined demographically in a two-fold way, as a condition of a population in which the general expectation of living from 25 to 70 is 0.5 or over for men, and so more for women, and of 10% or more of the whole population being over age 65. 3AIs for a number of contemporary countries are then presented, along with those for England since the 1540s. A list of countries demographically qualified on the two counts is then drawn up, along with the appropriate dates of their attaining that status.
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Malinkowskaya, Augusta V. "Author’s Comments in the Conceptual Space of Musical Text: to the Methodology of Research of Musician Teacher." Musical Art and Education 7, no. 3 (2019): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2309-1428-2019-7-3-9-29.
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This article presents the problem of the relationship between two landmark subsystems in the conceptual space of the musical composition text: notation and author’s instructions, comments of various types and functions. The author contrasts the text formal division (it is used in performing and pedagogical practice, non-binding “notes” and instructions by the composer of minor importance) and views of musicians who see in the traditional dichotomy “musical text – comments on it” a theoretical problem. The differences in approaches to it are analyzed in the works by S. E. Feinberg, E. Ya. Liberman; it is proposed to consider the position of the author of the article, treating the first of these subsystems as a base, the second as a superstructure in a united conceptual space of a musical text. The author develops the theme and carries out historical-style excursions and reveals the evolution of the composer’s comments in the music in 17th – early 20th centuries due to aesthetic, artistic, technological and other factors. In the historical-style sections of the article, the author relies on the concept by S. S. Skrebkov, that is in the book “The Artistic Principles of Musical Styles”. In particular, the author uses the principle of centralizing unity postulated by the scientist as a methodological guide, and interpreted broadly in the article as a general dialectical principle of musical logic. This allows to differ stylistically and at the same time to study dialectically the practice of composer commentary in musical works of the Baroque, classical and romantic eras. The main conclusion of the article is the reference to the need for performers and teachers to deepen into essential, substantial relations in a united conceptual space of a musical text of two main plans: notated, reflecting introverted, immanently musical meaning, and composer comments, where denotation is carried out, symbolization of the deep structures of music.
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Fox, Charlie. "Book Reviews : FOR FREEDOM AND DIGNITY: HISTORICAL AGENCY AND CLASS STRUCTURES IN THE COALFIELDS OF NEW SOUTH WALES By Andrew Metcalfe. Allen & Unwin, Sydney, 1988, xiv + 268 pp., $19.95 (paperback)." Journal of Industrial Relations 34, no. 2 (1992): 339–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002218569203400210.
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Zelizer, Julian E. "Stephen Skowronek’s Building a New American State and the Origins of American Political Development." Social Science History 27, no. 3 (2003): 425–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200012591.
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This roundtable celebrates the twentieth anniversary of Stephen Skowronek’s Building a New American State: The Expansion of National Administrative Capacities, 1877–1920 (1982). Skowronek’s book introduced scholars to the emerging field of historical institutionalism, offering an interdisciplinary approach to analyzing government and public policy. Tackling three different policy areas, the book offered a pathbreaking examination of institutional development and a treatment of political actors that moved beyond standard accounts of elites who responded only to societal or corporate demands. Building a New American State demonstrated how politics could be understood only historically, since current conditions were layered over preexisting institutions. Through this book, Skowronek became one of those rare authors able to influence scholarship in several academic fields. The theoretical and substantive insights of his book influenced the first and second generations of scholars who built the field of American Political Development, using historical data to examine how institutions structured politics over long periods of time and how policies reconfigured politics. This roundtable explores how this classic book affected the study of government in the disciplines of political science, history, and sociology. The authors discuss ways each discipline developed a distinct version of American Political Development. The roundtable also explores how the interdisciplinary project of historical institutionalism has evolved since the early 1980s and new directions in which the field might go.
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SHEARER, RHONDA ROLAND. "FROM FLATLAND TO FRACTALAND: NEW GEOMETRIES IN RELATIONSHIP TO ARTISTIC AND SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTIONS." Fractals 03, no. 03 (1995): 617–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x95000540.
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Abbott’s 19th century book, Flatland, continues to be popularly interpreted as both a social commentary and a way of visualizing the 4th-dimension by analogy. I attempt here to integrate these two seemingly disparate readings. Flatland is better interpreted as a story with a central theme that social, perceptual, and conceptual innovations are linked to changes in geometry. In such cases as the shift from the two-dimensional world of Flatland to a three-dimensional Spaceland, the taxonomic restructuring of human importance from Linnaeaus to Darwin, or the part/whole proportional shift from Ptolemy’s earth as the center of the universe to Copernicus’s sun, new geometries have changed our thinking, seeing, and social values, and lie at the heart of innovations in both art and science. For example, the two greatest innovations in art — the Renaissance with geometric perspective, and the birth of modern art at the beginning of this century with n-dimensional and non-Euclidean geometries — were developed by artists who were thinking within new geometries. When we view the history of scientific revolutions as new geometries, rather than only as new ideas, we gain direct access to potential manipulations of the structures of human innovation itself. I will discuss the seven historical markers of scientific revolutions (suggested by Kuhn, Cohen, and Popper), and how these seven traits correlate and can now be seen within the new paradigm of fractals and nonlinear sciences.
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Toldi, Éva. "Life Stories and Interculturality." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Philologica 6, no. 1 (2014): 87–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausp-2015-0009.
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Abstract This article examines two short stories: Teréz Müller’s Igaz történet [A True Story] and József Bálint senior’s Imádkozzál és dolgozzál [Pray and Work]. The argument explores the way the texts reflect on shifts in power in the Hungarian region of Vojvodina, and the way power structures define the relationship between majority and minority in a society that undergoes constant and radical changes. Contemporary historical events of the twentieth century, changes, faultlines, traumatic life events and identity shifts emerge as the contexts for these narratives of the daily experiences of a Jewish merchant family and a farmer family respectively. Thus, the two texts analysed are representative works rooted in two fundamentally different social backgrounds. The discourse about the I is always also about the other; the construction of identity is already in itself a dialogic, intercultural act, which makes it an ideal topic for the exploration of the changes and shifts in one’s own and the other’s cultural identity. Translational processes of transmission are also required for the narration of traumatic experiences. Teréz Müller was the grandmother of the Serbian writer Aleksandar Tišma. Her book is not primarily a document of their relationship; however, it does throw light on diverse background events of the writer’s life and oeuvre. Comparing the experiences of identity in the autobiographical novel of Aleksandar Tišma and the recollections of his grandmother reveals geocultural characteristics of their intercultural life experiences.
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Ki, Patricia. "“Hap Walk”: A Reading of Living a Feminist Life by Sara Ahmed and “Docile Bodies” in Discipline and Punish by Michel Foucault." Canadian Journal of Disability Studies 9, no. 1 (2020): 191–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cjds.v9i1.600.
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 This paper grew from the imagining that Sara Ahmed and Michel Foucault, both influential scholars in my ever-developing understanding of the world, met face-to-face one ordinary day, discussed their ideas, responded to each other’s queries, reflected on historical and ongoing social injustices, and shared hopeful imaginings for the future. In this imaginary account, through the form of dialogues, I compare, contrast, and examine concepts in Foucault’s and Ahmed’s works—specifically, the chapter “Docile Bodies” in Discipline and Punish, published in 1977, and the book Living a Feminist Life, published 40 years later in 2017.1 Following Ahmed, I use path, walls, and tables as both metaphors and material effects of disciplinary power to link theorizations from the two texts regarding the embodiment of discipline, through which white, capitalist, and heteropatriarchal norms persist. Further, I ask questions of Foucault’s text about the seeming invisibility of women and disabled people in its discussion of docile bodies and disciplinary power and echo other feminist scholars in arguing that it is through the perspectives and experiences of those who have been cast out of belonging and rendered invisible that we may find the means to expose the most cemented and hidden structures and techniques of domination and to imagine forms of resistance and subversions that point to a different future. For the purpose of clarity, direct quotes from Ahmed’s and Foucault’s texts are italicized within the dialogues, accompanied by in-text citations.
 
 
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Misyurov, Nikolay N. "Roman social «community» in epigram of Martialis (axiology of the socially differentiated whole)." Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, no. 3 (2020): 365–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2020-3-365-374.
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The study deals with differentiated social «communities» peculiar to the Roman society of the late period (Empire era), which formed the «meaningful contents» of the everyday life culture constructs. As one of the typical «artifacts» there are considered «book» texts (epigrams of Martialis), reflecting «small» events of social and family life of Rome. The study aims to trace the transformation of traditional social communities (of the class, family, political, professional, ethnic types) caused by historical social practice, Roman ideology, mental concepts and stereotypes of social behavior. The methodology of the study is determined by the interrelations of the «epistemological fields» of related disciplines within which the studied phenomena are represented in different aspects. The research is conducted at the intersection of philosophy, sociology (including sociology of culture) and textual criticism; the axiological aspect of the problem under discussion acquires a special meaning. The analyses of literary sources allows to trace the static and dynamics of the daily culture of antiquity, reflecting the profound changes that occurred both in the formation structures of the «great» Rome and in the sociocultural space of Roman antiquity. The scope of application of the research results is not limited to the field of humanities; possible follow-up may involve expansion of the range of sources (up to material sources, such as archaeological, statistical) and specialization in one of the areas indicated in the paper. The conclusions demonstrate the potential of the axiological approach (in conjunction with the philosophy of culture and social psychology) to the studied social and cultural phenomena.
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Addis, Bill. "Book reviewStatische Beurteilung historischer Tragwerke. Band 2: Holzkonstruktionen [Statical Assessment of Historical Structures. Volume 2: Timber construction] Stefan Holzer, Ernst und Sohn, Berlin, Germany, 2015, ISBN 978-3-433-03058-5, €55·00, 293 pp." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage 168, no. 4 (2015): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jenhh.2015.168.4.187.
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DZISIAK, Yaroslav. "DESCENDANTS OF THE NOBILITY ARE LEADERS OF THE UKRAINIAN ARMED FORMATIONS OF GALICIA OF THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE 20TH CENTURY." Contemporary era 6 (2018): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/nd.2018-6-20-31.
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From the beginning of its historical existence, the people of Ukraine-Ruthenia appear as a people with weapons: preparing for campaigns, organizing the defense of their land, carrying out colonization measures in the reconquered territories and creating state structures that are intended to organize the socio-military potential of the people. The state structures are based on the military structure. For centuries, the socio-political elite of our people has naturally been of military origin. Thousands of years ago, for the Ruthenian warlord, as later - for the Ruthenian nobility, the Cossacks, the soldiers of the UNR army, and the Galician army, the basic life priorities were concentrated around such concepts as military glory, honor, dignity, courage, etc. Sudden death on the battlefield opened the way to immortality before the fallen warrior - to Vyrii-paradise. Over the centuries, the persistent threat from different sides, first of all, from the nomadic steppe, dictated the military character of different social groups, not excluding the clergy. When, for some reason, the old upper classes were no longer able to perform the military-political task, it was replaced by a new militarized elite who, with renewed vigor and energy, assumed the defense functions. The Ukrainian land gave birth to elites who were capable of holding weapons. The phenomenon of social mobility existed during the Middle Ages, manifested itself in the years of national liberation competitions 1917-1920s. The armed struggle of the Ukrainian people for independence and unity of the First World War and the post-war revolutionary events was one of the most striking pages. This was marked by the rise of national consciousness, a powerful explosion of liberation energy. In terms of the social scale and political importance, the Ukrainian National Democratic Revolution has been a phenomenon of European history, taking a prominent place in the liberation-making processes of Eastern Europe. Objective knowledge of national history is an important task not only for the modern professionals of young Ukrainians but also for Ukrainian citizens in general. Long decades of information blockade and historical fraud, which continued in the east and south of Ukraine in the years of independence, created a distorted, even anti-national, idea of Ukrainians' liberation struggles. The millennial history of peoples and the state testify that their existence was determined by the presence of two significant factors: political leadership and capable armed forces. Naturally, the army has always occupied high levels among public institutions. At the same time, history eloquently testifies that no army, however well-armed, can defeat without professional commanders. The generality and the officer corps determine the army - the army's backbone, which concentrates and embodies the historical military experience, national military traditions, preserves the continuity of generations. The names of the active contributors to the development of the Armed Forces during the first quarter of the 20th century, including nearly five hundred generals and at least three thousand colonels, remain white patches of national historiography. This article is not about a purely military elite, but about the military as the offspring of the nobility - people who were formed in the aura of education, culture, traditionalism, and social constructivism. In numerous examples, the descendants of the Ukrainian nobility were the very resource of the nation- and state-building that survived in times of statelessness and denationalization. Keywords Union for the Liberation of Ukraine, publishing, book, periodical.
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Sabet, Amr G. E. "Europe and the Arab World." American Journal of Islam and Society 23, no. 2 (2006): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v23i2.1627.
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Concise, succinct, and informative, this book skillfully elucidates andassesses the patterns, prospects, and complexities of Arab-European relationscontextualized in a globalizing (read “Americanizing”) world. It alsoidentifies the ambiguities and limitations of social movements and struggleswithin the Arab world, as well as their implications for mutual relationships(p. vi). The authors’ main thesis is that both global capitalism and theAmerican determination to construct a “new” Middle East in its own imagehave undermined the possibilities of domestic reforms and external realignmentsin most Arab countries. American hegemonic influence, together withthe growing sway of politicized Islam on public life, have added more limitationsand constraints to other failures to transform the underlying economicand political structures defining the relations between members onboth sides of the Mediterranean.The book comprises four chapters: three written by Amin (chapters 1, 2,and 4), and one (chapter 3) by El Kenz. The first chapter is a critical surveyof conditions in the Arab world in general and that of the Arab “state” in particular.Amin designates the latter structure as a manifestation of “mamelukepower,” reflecting a complex traditional system that has merged the personalizedpower of warlords, businessmen, and men of religion (p. 3). The Arabstate, he argues, has never really embraced or understood modernity. Egypt,Syria, and the Ottoman Empire underwent a first phase of ineffective modernizationduring the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The secondphase was associated with the populist nationalism of Nasserism, Baathism,and the Algerian revolution between the 1950s and 1970s. With the end ofthis phase, a multiparty system gave way to a paradoxical regression into themameluke type of autocracy (pp. 10-12). Whereas Europe broke with itspast, which allowed for its modern progress, the Arabs have not. Amin identifiesmodernity with such a historical break as well as with secularism, thedifferentiation of religion and politics, the emancipation of women, and therest of the term’s conventional elements (pp. 2-3).He criticizes currents “claiming to be Islamic” (p. 6), particularly thoseof the Wahhabi type, viewing Islamic militant groups as manifestations of arevolt against “destructive” capitalism and “deceptive” modernity (p. 6),more interested in sociopolitical issues than in matters of theology. Amin dismissesIran as being no different, although he provides no details (p. 8), and ...
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Addis, Bill. "Book reviewStatische Beurteiling historischer Tragwerke. Band 1: Mauerwerkskonstruktionen [Structural assessment of historical structures. Volume 1: Masonry construction] Stefan Holzer, Ernst und Sohn, Berlin, Germany, 2013, ISBN 978-3-433-02959-6, £45·00 paperback, 311 pp." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage 168, no. 3 (2015): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/ehah.15.00010.
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Sabet, Amr G. E. "Islam Unveiled." American Journal of Islam and Society 20, no. 3-4 (2003): 215–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v20i3-4.1847.
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Rehashing historical animosities, polemics, and stereotypes, Spencer's work is an admirable contribution to the clash of civilizations underway. Basically a collection of diatribes, invective, and ranting against Islam consolidated by a heavy dose of disinformation, Islam Unveiled reflects a discursive piece of work consistent with the lmperium's policies and inter ests. With a pure secular discourse having proven ineffective in confronting Islam, the same discourse has been repackaged in a religious garb, pouring old wine into an even older bottle in order to fight fire with fire. The subtitle of the book, Disturbing Questions About the World's FastestGro-wing Faith, expresses the author's main worries and underscores thatsimilar publications are not mere religio-polemical enterprises to be responded to by sheer counter-polemics. Rather, they are part and parcel of a strategy of conflict seeking to undermine basic beliefs and identity structures for the purpose of essential mastery and domination - military, political, economic, and, above all, cultural. The basic polemical frame is whether and to what possible extent Islam can be made compatible with supposedly "superior" western values. Alternatively, instances in which such compatibility is not possible is taken as a standard point indicating Islamic irrelevance and failure. In the book's IO chapters, therefore, Spencer raises typical questions and issues that, in line with the purposes of western discourse, beg their own answers. Most chapters are in the form of a question probing, for instance, whether Islam is a religion of peace, promotes sound moral values, respects human rights and women, is compatible with liberal democracy or secularism, and is tolerant of others, particularly non-Muslims ...
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Oliver Villalobos, Lorena. "Cambio organizacional y disciplinario en México." CPU-e, Revista de Investigación Educativa, no. 1 (November 14, 2012): 183–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/cpue.v0i1.156.
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En los años noventa, la Educación Superior sufrió cambios organizacionales y estructurales, adquiriendo un mayor auge el desarrollo de la ciencia y la tecnología. Conocer los diferentes modelos de operación en la educación superior nos permite tener en cuenta cómo ha sido el proceso de cambio, y la dificultad que implica romper con las estructuras tradicionales e individualistas que la han permeado a través de su desarrollo histórico. El libro reseñado permite visualizar las debilidades a las que se enfrenta el desarrollo científico en México; los pros y los contras de las políticas que se han desarrollado en torno a las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES); el cambio en la concepción del papel del investigador; la importancia del trabajo colegiado y de dar a conocer resultados; también nos permite comprender las dificultades que imperan en los mecanismos institucionales que no permite fortalecer los espacios colegiados.AbstractIn the 90's, the higher education system underwent organizational and structural changes, with emphasis on the development of science and technology. If we know the different operating models of higher education, it will allow us to consider how the process of change has taken place, as well as the difficulty of breaking with traditional and individualistic structures that have been present all along its historical development. The book described permits us to visualize the weaknesses of Mexican scientific development, the pros and cons of the policies developed around the Institutions of Higher Education (IHES), the change in the conception of the researcher's role, the importance of collegiate work and of making the results known. It also allows us to understand the difficulties that prevail in the institutional mechanisms and do not permit the strengthening of collegiate work.
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Yeutukhou, Ihar A. "Old English poem «Judith» as a reflection of Anglo-Saxon early medieval mentality." Journal of the Belarusian State University. History, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33581/2520-6338-2020-1-62-68.
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The article analyzes the reflection of the Western European early medieval mentality in the Оld English poem «Judith». The following research methods were used: clustering (formation of a cluster of verbal reflections of mental attitudes) and historical-semantic analysis of objects included in the cluster. Poem «Judith» information, connected with the mentality, concerns two lines: the motivation to participate in the battle, and the posthumous punishment of the main antagonist of Holofernes. The analysis allowed the author to draw the following conclusions. Firstly, the poem «Judith» is not a direct poetic paraphrase of the eponymous book of the Оld Testament. The text contains a number of additions that carry completely new information, revealing in particular problems associated with the mentality (Judith speech, the posthumous fate of Holofernes). Secondly, the poem «Judith» allows us to distinguish two levels in the mentality of Anglo-Saxon society – basic one and emerging. The first of them is represented by the concept of «glory» (wuldor and tir). The use of the word wuldor indicates a significant stability of structures associated with the foundations of the mentality of society. For Anglo-Saxon society such a basis was war and glory. The glory had been denoted by the word, rooted in the days of the Old German community (linked to the Gothic language), and unknown to the Vikings. The same stability shows respect for the leader of the enemy troops. The second level is represented by the image of «snake hall» (wyrm-sele), which was formed during the wars with the Vikings in the 10th century for the liberation of the occupied territories. Thirdly, the presence of two levels in the mentality allows author to consider the period of its formation as open. Thus the innovation, arised under Scandinavian influence, was not entrenched in mentality.
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Uyumaz, Ali, and İsmail Dabanlı. "Architect Sinan's Kırkçeşme water supply system outside the city of Istanbul and city network." Water Supply 13, no. 3 (2013): 626–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2013.065.
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The city of Istanbul has important water system remnants from old civilizations among which water line systems begun with Byzantine period and continued during Ottoman era, including Kırkçeşme water supply system. The original gallery structure within the Kırkçeşme system has been altered with time at some places as a result of necessary planning activities, restoration and repair works. All these activities helped to keep almost the system originality. Since its first opening in 1564, its discharge increased steadily as a result of additional drainage feeding line connections to the main gallery. However, through time only a couple of the 570 additional lines have remained in operation. Although other similar establishments have perished in time without leaving even traces, the Kırkçeşme system is its vivid and harmonious appearance in front of eyes even today. Four dams were constructed at the most convenient locations along the water supply lines from 1620 to 1818. The water from the streams was collected during the rainy season and discharged to the city at times of need with increasing capacity. In general, the Kırkçeşme system has two branches: one extends towards the east, which seemed to have more water, due to its feedback from the Kirazlı, Topuz and Paşa tributaries of the Kağıthane stream; the other branch is westwards which is fed by the Ayvad Deresi, Orta Dere and Bakraç Dere tributaries of the Kağıthane stream. All the water are brought together at Başhavuz (main pool) south of Kemerburgaz, where they collectively enter the main supply line crossing the Alibey Stream over the Mağlova Aqueduct, and then joining a branch from the Cebeciköy Stream and finally flow in towards the south. In a historical document called Tezkiret'ül Bünyan, (The Book of Structures) the author states that Sinan pledged to the Sultan about the existence of some old waterways. However, the Roman waterway still remains in the vicinity of Cebeciköy, which is located at a higher elevation than the Kırkçeşme water supply line but ran parallel to it. The water supply system should have integrated perspective for operation and maintenances. On the other hand, standing structures give to humanity the impression that the stability and design carry not only water, but also valuable cultural heritage. Moreover, they connect many civilizations with each other and also past as well as future.
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Babirad, Amanda. "Book Review: The Use and Abuse of Police Power in America: Historical Milestones and Current Controversies." Reference & User Services Quarterly 57, no. 3 (2018): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.57.3.6631.
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This reference book is a timely encyclopedia that captures some of the most recent and critical events that involved law enforcement, as well as a number of historically significant milestones in the relationship between law enforcement and citizens in the United States. This book is a quick reference that is structured in a way to give researchers an easy-to-use timeline of events, technological advances, changes in the law, and debates and incidents with police that have infiltrated everyday life and the news.