Journal articles: 'Historical causality'

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Lunteren, Frans van. "Historical Explanation and Causality." Isis 110, no. 2 (June 2019): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/703333.

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STEWART-STEINBERG, SUZANNE. "SEXUAL CAUSALITY." Modern Intellectual History 17, no. 1 (May 6, 2018): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244318000033.

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Close on the thematic heels of her groundbreaking Sex after Fascism, Dagmar Herzog offers us in her new book Cold War Freud: Psychoanalysis in an Age of Catastrophes a further elaboration on her earlier thesis about the complex relationship between sex and politics. Sex after Fascism made an immensely productive but counterintuitive argument, one that crucially relied on the proposition of three historical periods, each defined by its particular relationship with sex(uality). Herzog claimed, first, that German fascism was not sexually repressive; second, that the immediate postwar environment was, on the contrary, sexually repressive; and third, that the “sexual revolution” beginning in the late 1960s and expanding into the 1970s was consciously contesting fascist repression, while in fact it was actually and unconsciously in dialogue with the more immediate past of the postwar era. Her tour de force argument here was that this historical sequencing had the overall effect of obscuring, indeed repressing, the sex-positive policies of the Nazis and therefore “misunderstanding” not only fascism itself but also—and especially—fascism's (sexual) appeal. Herzog suggested that not only did the generation of the 1968-ers espouse a politics of the missed object; more nefariously, the repression of fascism's sexual appeal also opened the road to all sorts of varieties of historical revisionism.

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Mikhaylov, Andrey I. "Methodological Problems of Modelling Historical Causality." Voprosy Filosofii, no. 2 (2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2020-2-51-59.

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Rioux, Sébastien. "International Historical Sociology: Recovering Sociohistorical Causality." Rethinking Marxism 21, no. 4 (October 2009): 585–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08935690903145820.

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HANDLER, RICHARD. "high culture, hegemony, and historical causality." American Ethnologist 19, no. 4 (November 1992): 818–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ae.1992.19.4.02a00110.

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Volk, John. "Lonergan on the Historical Causality of Christ." Method 3, no. 1 (2012): 63–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/method2012315.

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Arifin Anis, Mohamad Zaenal, Sriwati Sriwati, and Fitri Mardiani. "SISI ABU-ABU KAUSALITAS DAN EVALUASINYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SEJARAH." Jurnal Socius 9, no. 2 (October 10, 2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jurnalsocius.v9i2.9317.

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The development of historical science in exploring the causes of historical phenomena or causality with monocausal and multicausal approaches has progressed rapidly. However, it is inversely proportional to the study of history which still often explains historical causality with a single one (monocausality) or a centric logo without a scientific approach with a cognitive assessment only. Whereas the causes of history can be explained by the approach of a science (monocausality) and various (multi causality) with a multidimensional approach. The purpose of this study is to provide an alternative for teachers who teach history so that students can analyze various historical causality so that they are not only able to think critically but also be creative and adults so they can get used to the differences. Likewise, the assessment must be directed towards authentic assessment that can bring students to be creative and mature so that they are familiar with differences. The source of this study is through literature studies. The results of the writing are an alternative for history teachers so that students are accustomed to analyzing causality in seeing historical phenomena both mono under the demands of the 2013 curriculum.

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Nicolopoulos, Philippos. "Historical Causality, Deductive - Nomotogical Explanation and Marxist Approach." Philosophical Inquiry 22, no. 4 (2000): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/philinquiry20002247.

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Anttila, Raimo. "Causality in Linguistic Theory and in Historical Linguistics." Diachronica 5, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1988): 159–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.5.1-2.09ant.

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Bourgeois-Gironde, Sacha, and Éric Monnet. "Natural Experiments and Causality in Economic History: On Their Relations to Theory and Temporality." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 72, no. 4 (December 2017): 699–728. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ahsse.2021.8.

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A recent and influential research methodology, mainly endorsed by economists, proposes to renew historical analysis based on the notions of natural experiment and causality. It has the dual ambition of unifying various disciplines around a common understanding of causality in order to tackle major historical questions (such as the role of colonization, political regimes, or religion in economic development) and of making the analysis of history more scientific. The definition of causality it promotes—of the “interventionist” type—tends to liken historical events to laboratory experiments. This is articulated with a neo-institutionalist perspective aimed at measuring the long-term effects of past institutional changes, which are considered exogenous. In the first part of this article, we present the ambitions, contributions, methods, and hypotheses (implicit and explicit) of this approach, showing how it differs from more traditional quantitative economic history and placing it in the context of the recent empirical and neo-institutionalist “turns” of the economic discipline. In a second stage, we consider the criticism—often scathing—voiced by historians or economists against this method and its objectives. Finally, we emphasize the many difficulties posed by this approach when it comes to taking into account the historicity of phenomena, to producing general statements based on particular cases, and to providing a complete and coherent definition of causality in history.

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O'Grady, Richard T. "Historical processes, evolutionary explanations, and problems with teleology." Canadian Journal of Zoology 64, no. 4 (April 1, 1986): 1010–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z86-151.

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Organisms are subject first to general, physical causes and then to restricted, biological causes. This internesting contains evolutionary causes that were once contingent but have since been incorporated into the inherited historical causality of descendants. These historical causes should be used as null hypotheses in evolutionary explanations. This is the approach of historical structuralism, which considers function to be an effect of structure and evolution to be structural change that may or may not involve functional change. Conversely, historical functionalism looks to function for evolutionary explanations. This produces an unacceptable appeal to teleological causation. Biological teleology is acceptable only as an explanatory analogy in nonhistorical studies, which do not address organisms' etiology. These treat organisms as machines but do not consider the implied teleology to be real. Neo-Darwinian explanations encounter the unacceptable teleology of historical functionalism when they cite adaptedness as an explanation for how an organism came to exist. This error is difficult to detect because of (i) incomplete theory structure and (ii) three types of "what for" questions in biology, two of which are legitimate, one of which is not. Another approach to evolutionary studies, ahistorical structuralism, avoids problems with teleology, but underestimates historical causality.

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Ermakoff, Ivan. "Causality and History: Modes of Causal Investigation in Historical Social Sciences." Annual Review of Sociology 45, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 581–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-073117-041140.

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Studies at the confluence of history and social science address issues of causation in three ways: morphological, variable-centered, and genetic. These approaches to causal investigation differ with regard to their modi operandi, the types of patterns they look for, their underlying assumptions and the challenges they face. Morphological inquiries elaborate causal arguments by uncovering patterns in the empirical layout of socio-historical phenomena. To this end, these inquiries draw on descriptive techniques of data formalization. Variable-centered studies engage causal issues by investigating patterns of association among empirical categories under the twofold assumption that these categories a priori have explanatory relevance and each category empirically has the same meaning across cases. Genetic analyses ground their causal claims by identifying patterned processes of emergence or production.

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Tolstrup, Kai. "Incidence and causality of Anorexia Nervosa seen in a historical perspective." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 82, s361 (November 1990): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb10745.x.

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Tolstrup, Kai. "Incidence and Causality of Anorexia Nervosa seen in a historical perspective." Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 82 (June 28, 2008): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb11075.x.

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Hirschman, Daniel, and Isaac Ariail Reed. "Formation Stories and Causality in Sociology." Sociological Theory 32, no. 4 (December 2014): 259–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0735275114558632.

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Sociologists have long been interested in understanding the emergence of new social kinds. We argue that sociologists’ formation stories have been mischaracterized as noncausal, descriptive, or interpretive. Traditional “forcing-cause” accounts describe regularized relations between fixed entities with specific properties. The three dominant approaches to causality—variable causality, treatments and manipulations, and mechanisms—all refer to forcing causes. But formation stories do not fit the forcing-causes framework because accounts of formation violate the assumptions that ground forcing-cause accounts and instead emphasize eventfulness, assemblage, and self-representation. Yet these accounts are, we argue, fundamentally causal. In particular, formation stories provide the historical, empirical boundaries for the functioning of forcing-cause accounts. We catalog the breadth of formation stories in sociology and use examples from diverse literatures to highlight how thinking of formation stories as causal accounts can improve our understanding of the relationship of history and culture to causal analysis.

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Slomovitz, Brian, Christopher de Haydu, Michael Taub, Robert L. Coleman, and Bradley J. Monk. "Asbestos and ovarian cancer: examining the historical evidence." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 31, no. 1 (October 9, 2020): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-001672.

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Asbestos recently returned to the spotlight when Johnson & Johnson halted sales of baby powder due to lawsuits claiming that the talc in baby powder may have been contaminated with asbestos, which has been linked to the risk of ovarian cancer development. Although talc and asbestos have some structural similarities, only asbestos is considered causally associated with ovarian cancer by the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer. While it is useful to understand the types and properties of asbestos and its oncologic biology, the history of its association with ovarian cancer is largely based on retrospective observational studies in women working in high asbestos exposure environments. In reviewing the literature, it is critical to understand the distinction between associative risk and causality, and to examine the strength of association in the context of how the diagnosis of ovarian cancer is made and how the disease should be distinguished from a similar appearing but unrelated neoplasm, malignant mesothelioma. Based on contextual misinterpretation of these factors, it is imperative to question the International Agency for Research on Cancer’s assertion that asbestos has a clear causal inference to ovarian cancer. This has important clinical implications in the way patients are conceivably counseled and provides motivation to continue research to improve the understanding of the association between asbestos and ovarian cancer.

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Do Vale, Hélder Ferreira. "Temporality, causality and trajectories: comparative historical analysis in social and political sciences." Revista Debates 9, no. 1 (April 27, 2015): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1982-5269.54058.

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O artigo examina a metodologia comparativa proposta no âmbito da abordagem “Análise Comparativa Histórica” (CHA). O proposito do artigo é destacar as vantagens adquiridas com a aplicação desta metodologia comparativa na interpretação de eventos complexos da atualidade. Ao fazê-lo, o artigo propõe orientações concretas sobre como aplicar esta metodologia para reforçar comparações históricas. Na tentativa de alcançar esses fins, o artigo visa três objetivos. Primeiro, mostrar como as comparações históricas são úteis para a identificação de padrões, mecanismos e dinâmicas por trás de processos complexos nas ciências sociais e políticas. Segundo, explicar as vantagens metodológicas da utilização da CHA em processos históricos complexos e explora algumas inovações metodológicas. E, por último, aplicar as proposições feitas pela CHA em dois eventos atuais: o surgimento do grupo armado “Estado Islâmico” e a disputa territorial russo-ucraniana. O artigo conclui que a CHA oferece um esquema comparativo inovador para compreender processos históricos complexo entre vários países.

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Kohler, Tobias, Zachary Reed, and Max Nutt. "Vasectomy and prostate cancer risk: a historical synopsis of undulating false causality." Research and Reports in Urology Volume 8 (July 2016): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/rru.s71325.

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Isaac, Larry W. "Transforming Localities: Reflections on Time, Causality, and Narrative in Contemporary Historical Sociology." Historical Methods: A Journal of Quantitative and Interdisciplinary History 30, no. 1 (January 1997): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01615449709601171.

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Štroblová, Kateřina. "Whose Nostalgia is Ostalgia? Post – Communist Nostalgia in Central-European Contemporary Art." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 47, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.481.

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The paper is focused on a particular group of visual artists from Poland, Hungary, and the Czech and Slovak republics dealing with the issue of memory, history and nostalgia in their work. A common feature of their art is the perception of local space in its historical connotations, the exploration of historical content, causality reception, and the time-space orientation of man. Using space, with its physical and symbolic expression, is their strategy; a specific interest is the process of searching, changing or losing the identity in a historically complicated area of Central Europe. The article examines relations between collective memory, identity and nostalgia, captured in the artistic reflection and thus mirroring the actual state of a society.

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Nyczak, Artur. "Przyczynowość i celowość w dziejach w hermeneutyce Hansa-Georga Gadamera i Odo Marquarda." Studia Philosophica Wratislaviensia 15, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1895-8001.15.1.7.

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The aim of the paper is to determine to what extent the concepts of causality and finality are theoretically applicable in interpreting history from the perspective of hermeneutic philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer and Odo Marquard. The author demonstrates that causality and finality, in their metaphysical and epistemological sense, are subject to explicit criticism by these two authors. He also shows that, despite their explicit repudiation, the senses of those concepts are reappropriated, thus revealing their key importance in their hermeneutical conceptions. The cause-and-effect relationship is being transformed into a game occurring in-between the present and the past. The finality expresses itself in three interrelated ways in: the autotelic nature of historical tradition, the task of understanding a specific tradition, and the interpretation of the current historical situation.

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Pai, Ping-Feng, Ling-Chuang Hong, and Kuo-Ping Lin. "Using Internet Search Trends and Historical Trading Data for Predicting Stock Markets by the Least Squares Support Vector Regression Model." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2018 (July 24, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6305246.

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Historical trading data, which are inevitably associated with the framework of causality both financially and theoretically, were widely used to predict stock market values. With the popularity of social networking and Internet search tools, information collection ways have been diversified. Instead of only theoretical causality in forecasting, the importance of data relations has raised. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate performances of forecasting stock markets by data from Google Trends, historical trading data (HTD), and hybrid data. The keywords employed for Google Trends are collected from three different ways including users’ definitions (GTU), trending searches of Google Trends (GTTS), and tweets (GTT) correspondingly. The hybrid data include Internet search trends from Google Trends and historical trading data. In addition, the correlation-based feature selection (CFS) technique is used to select independent variables, and one-step ahead policy is adopted by the least squares support vector regression (LSSVR) for predicting stock markets. Numerical experiments indicate that using hybrid data can provide more accurate forecasting results than using single historical trading data or data from Google Trends. Thus, using hybrid data of Internet search trends and historical trading data by LSSVR models is a promising alternative for forecasting stock markets.

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Mangan, J. A., and P. J. Rich. "Chains of Empire: English Public Schools, Masonic Cabalism, Historical Causality, and Imperial Clubdom." History of Education Quarterly 34, no. 1 (1994): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/369236.

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Van Den Braembussche, Antoon. "Comparison, Causality and Understanding: the Historical Explanation of Capitalism by Marx and Weber." Cultural Dynamics 3, no. 2 (June 1990): 190–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/092137409000300205.

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Montanero, Manuel, and Manuel Lucero. "Causal discourse and the teaching of history. How do teachers explain historical causality?" Instructional Science 39, no. 2 (October 10, 2009): 109–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11251-009-9112-y.

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Eriksson, Björn. "Small events-big events: A note on the abstraction of causality." European Journal of Sociology 31, no. 2 (December 1990): 205–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003975600006056.

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The aim of the article is to define and delimit a fundamental historical change in the construction of causal models and causal explanations on topics dependent on time. The author met with the problem while working with a study on the emergence of the sociological discourse, but had no opportunity then to elaborate it.

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Jossa, Bruno. "Is Historical Materialism a Deterministic Approach? The Democratic Firm and the Transition to Socialism." Review of Radical Political Economics 50, no. 1 (July 22, 2016): 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0486613416635055.

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Determinism is considered to be the doctrine teaching that a particular aspect or part of the social whole has a predominating influence on all the others. Several authors hold that economic determinism reflects the idea of a linear causality, i.e. of direct relations between a paramount economic cause and the effects that passively flow from it. Due to this linear notion of causality—they argue—the economic base is the necessary and, in itself, sufficient cause, whereas the super-structure is stripped of its autonomous role and production relations are the direct offshoot of the prevailing state of technology. In fact, this conception is typical of mechanistic, rather than Marxian, materialism, and as it tends to obliterate the role of super-structural factors, it is unable to account for the rise of existing forms of society and their different characteristics. The author’s arguments against the characterization of historical materialism as a deterministic approach are linked to his claim that socialism can be implemented by creating a system of democratically managed firms. JEL classification: P2, P5, D4, B14

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Olusegun, Atere Clement. "Ethnic Memory And Historical Injustices In Nigeria." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 7, no. 5 (June 7, 2020): 545–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.75.8340.

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It is a known fact that not few Nigerians believed that the country has committed atrocities against her citizen and this has caused mutual suspicion, deep divisions, inter-ethnic wrangling, and unending disputations in this ethnically and geographically diverse nation. The aim of this paper is to provide fresh insight on the causality of the deep mistrust and mutual suspicion among the various ethnic groups which in turn has caused the Nigeria nation much needed unity. The paper argued that recurring memorialization of unresolved historical injustices has been a potent poison to the glowing of communal and organic wellbeing of the nation. The paper concluded that the government must redress the past historical injustices, explore how Nigerians together can search for common memories to meet present needs, and allow the various ethnic group to come to terms with their past. The paper recommended new Truth and Reconciliation Commission

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Ren, Xuefei. "From a comparative gesture to structured comparison: an analysis of air pollution control in Beijing and Delhi." Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 13, no. 3 (August 18, 2020): 461–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsaa017.

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Abstract Drawing upon the scholarship in historical-comparative sociology, this article presents some guidelines for theoretically structured urban comparison by spotlighting four methodological issues: case selection, causality, historical analyses and wider implications. This is demonstrated with a comparative analysis of air pollution control in Beijing and Delhi. The analysis finds that Beijing’s clean air campaign features a territorial logic, centring on territorial institutions and authorities, while Delhi’s clean air campaign features an associational logic, led by environmental NGOs in conjunction with the judiciary.

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Didikin, Anton. "The idea of retribution in Ancient philosophy as a prototype of the principle of causality: normativist arguments." ΣΧΟΛΗ. Ancient Philosophy and the Classical Tradition 13, no. 1 (2019): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1995-4328-2019-13-1-386-392.

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The paper analyzes the arguments of normativism on historical and philosophical reconstruction of the idea of retribution in ancient philosophy as a prototype of the principle of causality. Based on the Kelsen’s ideas presented in the book Society and Nature, the features of mythological, religious and philosophical justification of the idea of retribution for sins and violations of positive rules in ancient society are revealed. The author comes to the conclusion that the idea of retribution, which is methodologically important for building a pure theory of law, is further transformed into the principle of imputation, which characteristic for the social studies and humanities, within Kelsen denies the principle of causality.

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Sur, Basabi. "Technology and Social Organisation in the Contemporary World: A Search for the Historical Causality." Social Scientist 20, no. 3/4 (March 1992): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3517688.

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Baffes, John, and Anwar Shah. "Causality and comovement between taxes and expenditures: Historical evidence from Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico." Journal of Development Economics 44, no. 2 (August 1994): 311–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3878(94)90046-9.

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Abbas, Ghulam, Roni Bhowmik, Laxmi Koju, and Shouyang Wang. "Cointegration and Causality Relationship Between Stock Market, Money Market and Foreign Exchange Market in Pakistan." Journal of Systems Science and Information 5, no. 1 (June 8, 2017): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21078/jssi-2017-001-20.

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AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between stock market (KSE-100), money market (M2 and 180 days T-bill rate), and foreign exchange market (ER: PKR/USD) in Pakistan by using monthly data covering the period from 2000:M1 to 2015:M12. The study investigates long-run equilibrium relationship between these three financial markets by employing Johansen and Juselius[1] cointegration tests. Long-run and short-run causality relationship between stock market and other macroeconomic variables is also established by employing vector error correction model (VECM) and pairwise granger causality tests. The results of multivariate cointegration test (trace test) indicate a one cointegrating vector, and the significant normalized cointegrating coefficients are evident of long run equilibrium relationship between all the selected variables. Negative and significant ECT (− 1) for all variables during full sample period witness the presence of long-run causality connection among variables, while during the military regime and democratic regime, significant difference of long-run causal connections are identified across the regimes. Moreover, the results of granger causality test also indicate that there are significant variations in the causality relationship among variables across the regimes. Therefore, it is essential for forecasting, planning and policy making to consider the importance of political governance system while analyzing the historical cointegration among financial market and make the necessary adjustments accordingly.

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Guellil, Mohammed Seghir. "Agriculture gross production value – arable land – active population in agricultural sector and energy consumption causality in 76 countries: A dynamic panel data approach." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 10 (January 15, 2018): 406–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i10.3111.

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The overall goal of this paper is to investigate the long run and casual relationship between agriculture gross production value (AGPV), arable land (AL), total economically active population in agricultural sector (APA) and total primary energy consumption in the agricultural sector given the historical trend of these variables. For a panel of 76 countries during the period 1991–2012, the paper’s three main findings are that: (i) Neutrality hypothesis is adopted because there is no causality between AL and AGPV.; (ii) APA-led AGPV; (iii) Feedback hypothesis indicates that there are four cases of bidirectional causality between the rest of the variables. Adaptation measures are recommended for both authorities and farmers to ensure food security, such as providing incentives for farmers to adopt more recent technologies, which consumes less energy, land reclamation, steer more employees towards the agricultural sector. Keywords: Agriculture gross production value, arable land, active population, energy consumption, panel co-integration, panel Granger causality.

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Arondekar, Anjali. "The Sex of History, or Object/Matters." History Workshop Journal 89 (2020): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbz053.

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Abstract The mandate to think of Stonewall as a global historical event within South Asia necessitates a difficult act of translation. Was my goal as a historian of sexuality and South Asia to decentre the primacy of Stonewall with local historical events of import? Or was it more epistemological, to address instead the question of why historical causality and memorialization works differently within the fabular geography that is South Asia? In other words, did the history of the Stonewall riots create more of a political demand on subaltern collectivities to ‘produce’ their own seismic historical event, or did it foreground even further the epistemological divide between the West and the Rest? This brief essay is a meditation on these questions and more.

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Lemercier, Claire. "A History Without the Social Sciences?" Annales (English ed.) 70, no. 02 (June 2015): 271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398568200001163.

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Abstract According to David Armitage and Jo Guldi, digitized sources and quantification almost naturally lead to the sort of longue durée history that they seek to promote. This article questions that assertion on the basis of the long tradition of quantitative history, open to exchanges with the social sciences and revived, not annihilated, by microhistory. The digitization of numerous historical sources does not call for less caution in our analyses—quite the contrary, as it creates new biases. More importantly, it does not solve the crucial question of controlled anachronism, that is, the need for carefully constructed categories in any quantification based on the longue durée. The article also addresses the implications of choosing the longue durée as the exclusive basis for reflections on historical processes and causality. Is the longue durée purely a scale for description? If not, can it escape a simplistic vision, a monocausal path dependency? If we are to avoid such pitfalls, the wider debates within all the social sciences on time-scales and causality must be taken into account.

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R. Manjunath, B., J. K. Raju, and M. Rehaman. "Testing of causality relationship between Indian and Australian mutual funds performance: standard vs customized benchmarks." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 3 (September 24, 2020): 231–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(3).2020.18.

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Most Australian domestic investors rely on fund managers, and in India, this is not the same as they are primarily in direct investment rather than indirect. The study attempts to investigate the causal relationship between the returns of the standard indices, namely BSE500 and ASX300, and customized indices, MIMF and MAMF, for both India and Australia. The study uses econometric tools and techniques such as unit root test, vector error correction model, Wald test, Johansen co-integration, and model efficacy assumptions on the historical closing NAV of the selected mutual fund schemes for the period from April 2008 to March 2018. The econometric investigation using Johansen’s Co-Integration test confirmed the co-integration between BSE500, ASX300 and customized indices. Empirical evidence suggests that the Australian customized MAMF index is not Granger-caused by the Indian customized index MIMF, and therefore the MIMF index value cannot be used to predict the future rate of index MAMF returns, and vice versa.

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Swinburne, Richard. "The Limits of Explanation: The Limits of Explanation." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 27 (March 1990): 177–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246100005105.

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In purporting to explain the occurrence of some event or process we cite the causal factors which, we assert, brought it about or keeps it in being. The explanation is a true one if those factors did indeed bring it about or keep it in being. In discussing explanation I shall henceforward (unless I state otherwise) concern myself only with true explanations. I believe that there are two distinct kinds of way in which causal factors operate in the world, two distinct kinds of causality, and so two distinct kinds of explanation. For historical reasons, I shall call these kinds of causality and explanations ‘scientific’ and ‘personal’; but I do not imply that there is anything unscientific in a wide sense in invoking personal explanation.

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Головашина, О. В. "Social framework of historical responsibility: in search of rational grounds for historical estimates." Диалог со временем, no. 76(76) (August 17, 2021): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2021.76.76.027.

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Автор статьи настаивает на необходимости определения оснований социальной ответственности, чтобы избежать апелляции к эмоциям и моральному дискурсу при оценке исторических событий. Показано, что идеи И. Канта не дают возможности разрешить проблему ответственности вне свободы и концептуализировать коллективную ответственность. Некоторые решения предложены Х. Арендт, осмысляющей политическую ответственность как коллективную. Структурный подход А.М. Янг позволяет перенести акцент на деперсонализацию в условиях большого числа посредников, последствия действий которых невозможно просчитать, и оценивать ответственность в категориях каузальности. Говоря о присвоении коллективной ответственности личностью и оценивая степень ответственности, необходимо учитывать уровень вовлеченности в структуру и качество выполняемых задач. In the proposed article, the author insists on the need to determine the grounds of social responsibility, since this will avoid appeals to emotions and moral discourse when evaluating historical events. At the first step, the author turns to the ideas of I. Kant, showing that the resources of his theory do not allow solving the problems of responsibility outside of freedom and conceptualizing collective responsibility. The author finds some solutions in X. Arendt, conceptualizing political responsibility as a collective one. A.M. Young's structural approach allows us to shift the focus to depersonalization in the conditions of a large number of intermediaries, the consequences of whose actions cannot be calculated, and to assess responsibility in the categories of causality. Thus, the author speaks about the assignment of collective responsibility by an individual; while assessing the degree of responsibility, it is necessary to take into account the level of involvement in the structure and quality of the tasks performed. This allows us to understand the role of historical dynamics actors without emotional and moral assessments.

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West-Pavlov, Russell. "Proximate historiographies in Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi’s Kintu." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 58, no. 1 (May 7, 2021): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tl.v58i1.8284.

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Jennifer Nansubuga Makumbi’s novel Kintu (2014) places alongside forms of historical fiction familiar to European readers, a form of historical causality that obeys a different logic, namely, one governed by the long-term efficacity of a curse uttered in pre-colonial Buganda. The novel can be read as a historiographical experiment. It sets in a relationship of ‘proximity’ linear historical narration as understood within the framework of European historicism and the genre of the historical novel theorised by Lukács, and notions of magical ‘verbal-incantatory’ and ‘somatic’ history that elude the logic of hegemonic European historicism but nonetheless cohabit the same fictional space. Makumbi’s novel thus sketches an ‘entanglement’ of various historical temporalities that are articulated upon one another within the capacious realm of fiction, thereby reinforcing a cosmic ontology and axiology of reciprocity and fluid duality whose infringement in fact triggers the curse at the origin of the narrative.

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Gilkerson, Sarah, and Jared Heuck. "Zawiya Ahansal: Environmental Geolographic Causality on Human Historical Development in the High Atlas of Morocco." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Cultural Studies 10, no. 1 (2015): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2327-008x/cgp/v10i01/59372.

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Yun, Larisa Vladimirovna. "Development of legal culture of Russia: historical and legal questions of legal education." Development of education, no. 1 (1) (September 25, 2018): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-21466.

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The author of the article notes that the legal culture determines the level of legal knowledge, legal understanding and legitimacy. The article considers the peculiarities of the formation of the legal culture of the reign of Peter the Great. Attention is paid to causality and factors affecting the quality and condition of the legal consciousness and legal culture of the period under study looked through in the historical and legal context. The researcher concluded that the reforms of Peter I significantly changed the content of the legal culture of Russian society, primarily due to the increasing role of legislation and politics.

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WU, JUAN, and MENGYAO LONG. "Cultural Anthropology Study on Historical Narrative and Jade Mythological Concepts in Records of the Great Historian: Annals of the First Emperor of Qin." Journal of Arts and Humanities 5, no. 10 (October 31, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v5i10.1003.

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This paper takes Records of the Great Historian: Annals of the First Emperor of Qin, an essential historical narrative at the dawning of Chinese civilization, as a case to illustrate the causality of historical incidents and the underlying mythological concepts, reveal the underlying mythological concepts that dominate the ritual behaviors and narrative expressions, and highlight the prototype function of mythological concepts in the man’s behavior and ideology construction. Once the prototype of certain cultural community is revealed, the evolvement track of its historical cultural texts and the operative relations between coding and re-coding will be better understood.

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Sorhun, Engin. "Is Economic Integration a Historical Shock to City-size Distribution?" Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 21, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 83–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cer-2018-0005.

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Based on the assumption that the economic integration process contributes, via market reforms, to the dynamics of the space distribution in candidate countries, this study examines (i) whether agglomeration forces or dispersion forces are dominant; (ii) whether EU-integration causes a structural break to the space distribution over time; (iii) whether EU-integration makes the city-size distribution more even or uneven in eight eastern European Union members (EU–8). To carry out the analysis, the Ziwot-Andrew and Cusum Square tests are used to detect structural breaks; the ARDL Bound test is used to reveal the interaction between long-run and short-run equilibrium; and the Granger test is used to determine the direction of the causality among the variables. The main results are: the integration with the EU (i) caused a structural break to the city-size distribution, (ii) made the city-size distribution more uneven and (iii) stimulated the agglomerating forces over the spreading forces in the EU–8.

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Silverstein, Albert. "Teleological behaviorism and internal control of behavior." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 18, no. 1 (March 1995): 142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00037845.

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AbstractThe Aristotelian position on causality advocates explaining biological events by the configuration of outcomes they normally achieve. Rachlin's analysis follows this strategy as an alternative to explanation via hypothetical “inner” events, though he omits considering one definition of “inner” explanation (historical definition) as being complementary to teleological explanation. He also fails to provide a detailed teleological analysis of the role of bridging responses in allowing animals to select larger-outcome alternatives.

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MacKenzie, Niall G., Zoi Pittaki, and Nicholas Wong. "Historical approaches for hospitality and tourism research." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 32, no. 4 (September 16, 2019): 1469–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-03-2019-0273.

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Purpose This paper aims to show how historical approaches can better inform understanding of hospitality and tourism research. Recent work in business and management has posited the value of historical research and narrative frameworks to explicate business phenomena – here the authors propose an approach to hospitality and tourism studies could be similarly beneficial. Design/methodology/approach Three principal historical approaches are proposed: systematic study of historical archives, oral histories and biography and prosopography. The paper further proposes that such work should be aligned to Andrews and Burke’s framework of the 5Cs: context, change over time, causality, complexity and contingency to help situate research appropriately and effectively. Findings This paper suggests that historical methods can prove particularly useful in hospitality and tourism research by testing, extending and creating theory that is empirically informed and socially situated. The analysis put forward shows that undertaking historical work set against the framework of the 5Cs of historical research offers the potential for wider and deeper understandings of hospitality and tourism research by revealing temporal and historical dynamics in the field that may hitherto be unseen or insufficiently explored. Originality/value Much of the existing work on the benefits of historical approaches in business and management has focussed on the why or the what. This paper focuses on the how, articulating how historical approaches offer significant potential to aid the understanding of hospitality and tourism research.

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Schriewer, Jürgen. "La reconciliación entre la historia y la comparación." Revista Española de Educación Comparada, no. 34 (June 30, 2019): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/reec.34.2019.25170.

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Since its definition as a method considered as ‘scientific’, towards the end of the 19th century, the comparative method in the social sciences has relied on the principle of causality. In shaping this conception of comparative methodology, the example of the natural sciences and the impact of the orthodox philosophy of science have always been crucial. However, in contrast to scientistic assumptions of this kind, this article refers to far-reaching paradigm shifts and theoretical reorientations that are associated with the emergence of interdisciplinary theory programs on 'self-organization', 'autopoiesis' and 'complex causality'. The article is aimed, then, at delineating an alternative approach to comparative analysis, i.e. an approch that promises to take more adequately into account the complex causal relationships that are characteristic of macrosocial configurations, as well as the irrevocably historical nature of the social world.

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Reynolds, Cecil R. "Inferring Causality from Relational Data and Designs: Historical and Contemporary Lessons for Research and Clinical Practice." Clinical Neuropsychologist 13, no. 4 (November 1999): 386–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/1385-4046(199911)13:04;1-y;ft386.

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Cojanu, Valentin. "The logic of inquiry in social sciences, the case of economics in particular." Social Science Information 48, no. 4 (November 17, 2009): 587–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0539018409344781.

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The present-day epistemology of social science resembles a picture puzzle whose pieces are scattered to and fro across the vast domain of philosophical inquiry. This study attempts to assemble them in what appears to be a common thread of thinking for a necessary epistemic reconstruction, the historical specificity of social sciences. This understanding reveals itself as a method of validating truth in acknowledgement of three logical principles: (1) causality indeterminately becomes embedded in spatial—temporal distortions; (2) linear time is replaced by multiple, overlapping timescales, ‘multiple’ being a cultural rather than numerical concept; and (3) prediction remains associated with the least historical events, the particulars; that is, event-regularities normally specific for short periods of time.

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Tellings, Agnes. "Evidence-Based Practice in the social sciences? A scale of causality, interventions, and possibilities for scientific proof." Theory & Psychology 27, no. 5 (August 21, 2017): 581–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354317726876.

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This article discusses Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in the social sciences. After a brief outline of the discussion, the work of William Herbert Dray (1921–2009) is examined. Dray, partly following Collingwood, worked on different forms of causality and methodology in historical explanation (in comparison to the social sciences), based on a distinction between causes and reasons. Dray’s ladder of rational understanding is also explored here. Taking his argumentation further and sometimes turning it upside-down, a scale of forms of causality is developed with accompanying types of interventions and possibilities for scientific proof of their effectivity. This scale makes it possible to weigh interventions regarding the degree to which “hard” scientific proof is possible for them. The article concludes with a brief discussion of how interventions in psychology and education should be chosen and can be justified, both those that do and those that don’t lend themselves to empirical research.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Historical causality'

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