Academic literature on the topic 'Historical encyclopedia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Historical encyclopedia"
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Graf, Ann M., and Richard P. Smiraglia. "Transition in Education: Domain Analysis from the Encyclopedia of Milwaukee." NASKO 4, no. 1 (2013): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7152/nasko.v4i1.14647.
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Encyclopedism and its products, encyclopedias are an important form of knowledge organization system. Encyclopedias are deliberate cultural syntheses. Local online encyclopedias represent an emerging trend in the development of KOSs. The Encyclopedia of Milwaukee is one of the most recent additions to this trend. An interesting problem for research is how to visualize the domain of an evolving online encyclopedia. In this study, the base bibliography for one disciplinary cluster—education—is submitted to bibliometric domain analytical techniques. While parameters of a typical domain emerge, other atypical results also emerge, raising questions about the differences represented in encyclopedia domains as well as questions about the historical evolution of scholarship. Nonetheless, transitions in the evolution of the domain of education in Milwaukee, including increased author productivity and enhanced granularity, as well as local cultural distinction, clearly emerge.
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Ishchenko, Oleksandr. "THE COVERAGE OF UKRAINE AND UKRAINIANS IN THE AUSTRALIAN ENCYCLOPEDIA." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1 (December 17, 2020): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-151-156.
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In this article, we present an analysis of the 10-volumed Australian Encyclopedia published in 1958. The purpose of the analysis is to identify encyclopedic information concerning the Ukrainian people. Since the late 19th century, a part of the Ukrainian ethnic group inhabits the Australian continent, so it is natural to expect the appearance of Ukrainians in encyclopedic publications of Australia. But do Australians mention Ukrainians in their own fundamental encyclopedias? This question is caused not only by the general interest, but also by the fact that Ukraine is shown in the national narratives of many countries through various myths generated by Soviet propaganda. Therefore, the analysis of the representation of Ukrainians in the pages of foreign encyclopedias is a topical issue of contemporary Ukrainian studies in general. In this study, we found that the main body of information about Ukrainians is statistical data about the Ukrainian community in Australia, which settled after the Second World War. Among the 10 volumes there are no mentions of Ukraine, its capital, prominent people of the nation, etc. In addition, general highlights of the Australian encyclopedia publishing sphere are proposed. It is noted that the Australian Encyclopedia as a fundamental work published in six editions during 1925–1996 is the main achievement of the Australian encyclopediography. It is noteworthy that there is currently no national online encyclopedia in Australia. At the same time, there are domain (subject-specific) publications by research teams among other achievements of contemporary Australian encyclopedia publishing, such as the Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia, the Historical Encyclopedia of Western Australia, the Companion to Tasmanian History, etc.
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Nikulin, A. M. "Encyclopedias as tools of modernization: Stalinist versions of agrarian knowledge." RUDN Journal of Sociology 21, no. 1 (2021): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2021-21-1-154-168.
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The article considers directions of the agrarian modernization as presented in the four editions of the Soviet agricultural encyclopedia from the mid-1920s to the mid-1950s. On the basis of some historical examples and theoretical concepts, the author explains the scientific, ideological and political significance of encyclopedias in the formation of social knowledge and ideology; shows how during the Stalinist period, the Soviet agricultural encyclopedias passed through several successive great leaps in the representation of agrarian knowledge under the accelerated Soviet modernization; stresses the manipulative way of managing agrarian knowledge and human capital in agriculture - on behalf of the leader and ruling party. The article describes the transition from the first Soviet encyclopedia of the 1920s, which focused on the modernization of peasant Russia, to the encyclopedia of the early 1930s, which denied the importance of the peasantry and praised the projects of large-scale industrial-agricultural production; many authors of the first peasant encyclopedia were repressed. The encyclopedia of the late 1930s reflects the fight against the authors of the previous encyclopedia of the great leap and the purges in the name of the ideology of the planning-management approach in the further modernization of Soviet agriculture. The encyclopedia of the late 1940s - early 1950s reflects the victory of the technocratic-bureaucratic worldview and personnel approach to the agrarian sphere, which prevailed in the agriculture of the USSR until the very end of the Soviet era. The author focuses on the influence of the subjective factor (political leaders, editors-in-chief and anonymous authors) on the ideology, topics and style of encyclopedic articles. In conclusion, the author notes that the strong ideological control and volatile political situation distorted knowledge in the Soviet agrarian encyclopedias, which negatively affected the quality of rural human capital and largely predetermined the stagnation of rural development in the late USSR.
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Savchuk, Mykola. "The Encyclopedia of Kolomyia: from concept to realization." Entsykpopedychnyi Visnyk Ukrainy [The Encyclopedia Herald of Ukraine] 12 (2020): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37068/evu.12.7.
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The article presents the experience of the Encyclopedia of Kolomyia’s compiling. The specialties of the structure this multivolume encyclopedic work as well as the editorial and publishing process are characterized. The historical preconditions of the appearance of this encyclopedia about Kolomyia region are described, the important information of this region and the necessity of their coverage in the encyclopedic format are highlighted.
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Loveland, Jeff. "When History Caught Up with Historians." Eighteenth-Century Life 45, no. 1 (2021): 47–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00982601-8793934.
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Thanks in part to the influence of Friedrich Brockhaus’s Konversations-Lexikon, a German encyclopedia inaugurated in 1796, biographies of the living had become unremarkable in Europe’s encyclopedias by the early nineteenth century. Today, they are pervasive. Between 1674 and 1750, they remained rare and controversial in the alphabetical ancestors of the modern encyclopedia. In this article, I explain why, and show how encyclopedists’ practices evolved in the period in which the historical dictionary and other alphabetical proto-encyclopedias burst onto the European literary scene, that is, the late seventeenth century and the first half of the eighteenth. I begin by exploring early encyclopedists’ motives for not treating the living. My second section then examines the most influential historical dictionaries as well as the encyclopedia that best covered the living, tracking how practices regarding contemporary biographies evolved. Finally, I consider some of the broader social and cultural changes, both internal and external to the history of encyclopedia-making, that are reflected in encyclopedias’ growing coverage of the living and the recently deceased.
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BORCHUK, Stepan, and Maryana ZASYPKO. "ZUNR (WEST UKRAINIAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC) IN ENCYCLOPAEDIC EDITIONS." Ukraine: Cultural Heritage, National Identity, Statehood 32 (2019): 238–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33402/ukr.2019-32-238-246.
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The encyclopedic editions that cover the topic of ZUNR are analyzed in this article. The main focus is on the Soviet encyclopedic editions "Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia" and "Soviet Encyclopedia of the History of Ukraine" in which the authors covered the history of ZUNR under the crushing Soviet propaganda way. These articles describe the position of the Soviet authorities regarding the history of the ZUNR and the independence of Ukraine. Historical aspects of statehood are revealed, but as destructive and crushing for the Soviet apparatus. The unilateral nature of these articles was characterized as they covered ZUNR policy from a subjective point of view. The tendency of repetition of encyclopedic texts on ZUNR that passed from one Soviet edition to another is revealed. Changes in the emphasis on the study of the history of ZUNR with the restoration of Ukraine's independence have been observed. Significant attention is focused on modern encyclopedic projects, which cover the history of ZUNR and have become a kind of quintessence and business card of all previous scientific work on the subject of ZUNR. Examples in changing the emphasis in ZUNR research by modern researchers are given. The basic conceptual bases of national historiography concerning the history of ZUNR are formulated. In the article, the author emphasizes the position of changing the assessment of the state policy of ZUNR officials to the state policy. Domestic researchers in new encyclopedic editions re-submit ZUNR history and most of the stigmatized spots have been cleaned up and fairly introduced into national encyclopedic editions. The article emphasizes the need to develop new archival data that will become available in the archives of the Catholic University of Rome. Declassification of these materials will make it possible to review articles in encyclopedic editions of already independent Ukraine. Make their own adjustments and add to existing present historical material. The author emphasizes that encyclopedic science is an important field of historical disciplines, because it covers a large amount of material in an accessible abbreviated form. Key words: Western Ukrainian People's Republic 1918–1919, national democratic revolution, «Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia», «Soviet Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine», «Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine», «Western Ukrainian People's Republic 1918–1923. Encyclopedia», Ukrainian Galician Army.
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Rudy, Seth. "Knowledge and the Systematic Reader: The Past and Present of Encyclopedic Learning." Culture Unbound 6, no. 3 (2014): 505–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.146505.
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Though digital media have unquestionably affected the features and functions of modern encyclopedias, such works also continue to be shaped by factors thoroughly conventional by the end of the historical Enlightenment. As William Smellie, editor of the first Encyclopædia Britannica (1768-71) wrote, “utility ought to be the principal intention of every publication. Wherever this intention does not plainly appear, neither the books nor their authors have the smallest claim to the approbation of mankind.” The “instructional designers” and “user-experience specialists” of the online Britannica are the inheritors of all those authors and editors who before and after Smellie’s time devised different plans and methods intended to maximize the utility of their works. The definition of utility and with it the nature of encyclopedic knowledge continues to change both because of and despite technological difference; if digitization has in some ways advanced the ideals of Enlightenment encyclopedias, then it has in other ways allowed for the re-inscription of certain flaws and limitations that encyclopedias like the Britannica were specifically designed to overcome. By examining not only what one might read in the encyclopedia but also the ways in which one might read it, this article demonstrates the extent to which the notion of encyclopedic utility depends on historical context.
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DE OLIVEIRA, BERNARDO JEFFERSON. "Science in The Children's Encyclopedia and its appropriation in the twentieth century in Latin America." BJHS Themes 3 (2018): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bjt.2018.4.
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AbstractIn the early twentieth century, encyclopedias addressed to children and youths became special reference works concerning science and technology education. In search of greater comprehension of this historical process, I analyse The Children's Encyclopedia’s representation of science and technology, and how it was re-edited by the North American publishing company that bought its copyrights and promoted its circulation in several countries. Furthermore, I examine how its contents were appropriated in its translations into Portuguese and Spanish, which circulated in Latin America in the first half of the twentieth century. The comparison between the different versions reveals that the writings of science and technology are practically the same, with significant changes only in literature and in the approach of historical and geographical themes. I then argue that, even keeping the scientific contents virtually unchanged, these versions of the encyclopedia gave it a new meaning, because of the contexts in which they circulated. Finally, I show how the appropriations of the encyclopedia contributed to the promotion of scientific values and technological innovation as the core development and as a model of civilization for South American nations.
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Robison, Rick. "Sources: Encyclopedia of Populism in America: A Historical Encyclopedia." Reference & User Services Quarterly 54, no. 1 (2014): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rusq.54n1.63b.
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Borowski, Lisa, and Stephen E. Atkins. "Historical Encyclopedia of Atomic Energy." History Teacher 35, no. 3 (2002): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3054447.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Historical encyclopedia"
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Tolley, Rebecca. "American Masculinities: A Historical Encyclopedia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2003. https://www.amzn.com/0761925406.
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Book Summary: American Masculinities: A Historical Encyclopedia is a first-of-its-kind reference, detailing developments in the growing field of men′s studies. This up-to-date analytical review serves as a marker of how the field has evolved over the last decade, especially since the 1993 publication of Anthony Rotundo′s American Manhood. This seminal book opened new vistas for exploration and research into American History, society, and culture. Weaving the fabric of American history, American Masculinities illustrates how American political leaders have often used the rhetoric of manliness to underscore the presumed moral righteousness and ostensibly protective purposes of their policies. Seeing U.S. history in terms of gender archetypes, readers will gain a richer and deeper understanding of America′s democratic political system, domestic and foreign policies, and capitalist economic system, as well as the "private" sphere of the home and domestic life. The contributors to American Masculinities share the assumption that men′s lives have been grounded fundamentally in gender, that is, in their awareness of themselves as males. Their approach goes beyond scholarship which traditionally looks at men (and women) in terms of what they do and how they have influenced a given field or era. Rather, this important work delves into the psychological core of manhood which is shaped not only by biology, but also by history, society, and culture.
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Tolley, Rebecca. "Review of Historical Encyclopedia of American Labor." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5627.
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Fischer, Catarina Justus. "Johann Heinrich Alsted e a árvore dos conhecimentos no século XVII." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13267.
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Previous issue date: 2012-05-23<br>Johannes Heinrich Alsted (1588-1638), a Calvinist scholar from Hesse, which at that time was a part of the Holy Roman Empire was the reputed author of Encyclopaedia Septem Tomis Reserata.
Due to the singular historical context within which his life and works developed, he was taught by several important theologians, philosophers, linguists and mathematicians belonging with the German-Calvinist contemporary network.
Nevertheless, he appealed to the Aristotelian tradition, Raymond Lull and Petrus Ramus as main sources to build his own method for a systematic approach to knowledge. Since his main concern was with pedagogy, Alsted s method sought to make learning easier, and for this purpose he appealed to the concept of encyclopedia.
The present study analyzes the multiple sources employed by Alsted to elaborate a Tree of Knowledge of his own, and the fundamental epistemic and methodological principles that underpin a project that culminated in the renowned Encyclopaedia. Special attention was paid to the section on music taken as study case, in order to understand better the internal structure as well as the historical-scientifically determinants of this extraordinary work<br>Johannes Heinrich Alsted (1588-1638), um estudioso calvinista de Hesse, situado no então Sacro Império Germânico, é o reconhecido autor de Encyclopaedia Septem Tomis Reserata.
Em função do peculiar contexto histórico em que se desenvolveu sua vida e sua obra, foi discípulo de importantes teólogos, filósofos, linguistas e matemáticos da rede germânico-calvinista da época.
Apesar disso, para a construção de um método próprio de abordar o saber de modo sistemático, tomou como suas principais fontes obras aristotélicas, assim como as de Raimundo Lullio e de Petrus Ramus. Tendo a pedagogia como sua meta principal, o método desenvolvido por Alsted visava facilitar o aprendizado e, para tanto, valeu-se do conceito de enciclopédia.
O presente estudo busca analisar as múltiplas fontes utilizadas por Alsted na elaboração da sua própria árvore do conhecimento , assim como os princípios epistêmicos e metodológicos que subjazem esse projeto, o qual culmina na célebre Encyclopaedia. Destaque especial foi dado à música, enquanto estudo de caso, de maneira a compreender melhor tanto a estrutura interna, quanto as motivações histórico-científicas dessa obra magna
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Otaviani, Márcia Cristina. "Chrestomathia: arte e ciência para Jeremy Bentham." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13276.
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Previous issue date: 2012-10-20<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) was an English philosopher who lived
during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a period when major events
occurred in the world, not only on philosophical grounds, but also in economic
and apart from being entitled as the "founder" utilitarian school, and suggest
new ideas about moral issues and legislation, Bentham also brought new
perspectives and solutions to issues such as education.
In the book named Chrestomathia, Bentham exposes your beliefs
about how teaching should be done in a standard school, the School
Chrestomathia as its name. The main function of the school would be to
promote greater quantity and better quality of knowledge and, consequently,
wellness for all involved. It is in this work that he presents he believed to be
the more correct way to categorize and divide the different areas of
knowledge.
In this work we aim to show how the Tree of Knowledge that he
proposed is built, showing the intimate connection with teaching, and also
trying to analyze the ideas behind their proposals, as well as the criticism that
the author makes to the current way of classifying the human knowledge<br>Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) foi um filósofo inglês que viveu durante
os séculos XVIII e XIX, em um período em que grandes acontecimentos
ocorreram no mundo, não só no campo filosófico, mas também no
econômico, e além de ser apresentado como o fundador da escola
Utilitarista, e de sugerir novas idéias para assuntos sobre moral e legislação,
Bentham buscou, também, trazer soluções e novas perspectivas para
assuntos como educação.
No livro Chrestomathia, Bentham expõe suas convicções sobre como
o ensino deveria ser feito em uma escola padrão, a Chrestomathia School,
conforme sua denominação. A principal função da escola seria a de promover
a maior quantidade e melhor qualidade de conhecimento e, em
conseqüência, de bem-estar para todos os envolvidos. É nessa obra que
Bentham apresenta o que acreditava ser a maneira mais correta de
categorizar e dividir as diferentes áreas do saber.
Nesse trabalho de Doutorado procuraremos mostrar a maneira como
está construída a Árvore do conhecimento de Bentham, proposta numa
íntima ligação com o ensino, buscando analisar as idéias por trás de suas
propostas, bem como as críticas que o autor faz à maneira vigente de
classificar o conhecimento humano
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Bedel, Marie. "La « matière troyenne » dans la littérature médiévale : Guido delle Colonne Historia destructionis Troiae : introduction, édition-traduction partielles et commentaire." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20042.
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Ce travail propose d’étudier l’un des nombreux textes médiévaux portant sur le mythe de la guerre de Troie. Transmis à l’Occident médiéval non pas par le biais d’Homère mais par celui des classiques latins et de certains auteurs de l’Antiquité tardive, ce mythe connut un immense succès en Europe durant tout le Moyen Âge, malgré l’ignorance du grec et de l’Iliade. Nous avons choisi d’éditer partiellement et de commenter l’un des plus importants monuments de la matière troyenne médiévale, texte presque inédit aujourd’hui, car totalement délaissé depuis la Renaissance et le retour aux textes anciens. Dans une introduction, nous avons exposé les principes de notre travail d’édition, c'est-à-dire listé les différents manuscrits utilisés par l’éditeur précédent (Nathaniel Griffin), puis surtout présenté notre manuscrit de base, le Cod. Bodmer 78, absent de la liste des manuscrits collationnés par Griffin. Puis nous avons consacré un chapitre à la langue du texte, un latin médiéval très lisible quoiqu’empreint de « modernismes », notamment au niveau du lexique. Puis, après avoir présenté le texte, sa langue et notre méthode d’édition, nous avons exposé le peu d’éléments que nous avions sur notre auteur, sa vie, son œuvre et le contexte intellectuel au milieu duquel il évolua dans la Sicile du XIIIe siècle, ainsi que l’engouement européen pour la matière troyenne qui explique son choix de reprendre ce grand mythe dans son Historia. Enfin il nous a fallu évoquer les nombreuses sources utilisées par Guido delle Colonne, ses sources directes, indirectes ou inavouées. En dernier lieu, nous avons offert un résumé de chaque livre édité et traduit. Suit une bibliographie détaillée sur les manuscrits et éditions anciens de ce texte, des manuels, le contexte culturel et historique en Europe et en Sicile au Moyen Âge, les textes grecs, latins et vernaculaires se rapportant à la guerre de Troie et ayant influencé notre auteur de près ou de loin, les ouvrages critiques sur le traitement de cette matière troyenne dans l’Antiquité et au Moyen Âge, et enfin les quelques éléments bibliographiques portant sur Guido et sur son œuvre. Vient ensuite notre édition-traduction. La traduction est accompagnée d’un double apparat : un apparat des sources et réminiscences ainsi qu’un apparat critique qui prend en compte et compare les leçons contenues dans notre manuscrit de base avec les variantes citées par l’éditeur précédent dans les quelques manuscrits qu’il a utilisés. Au bas de la traduction, figurent des notes d’érudition destinées aux noms ou des faits cités dans le texte et qui méritent une explication. Après cette partie introduction philologique et édition, la deuxième grande partie de cette thèse consiste en un commentaire et des annexes. Dans notre commentaire, nous avons souhaité interroger notre texte dans ses aspects narratologiques, thématiques, génériques, linguistiques et idéologiques. C’est pourquoi nous avons consacré un premier chapitre à l’étude narratologique du texte, son contenu, son agencement, ses techniques narratives, son utilisation des sources et ses principales thématiques. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons abordé le genre et le ton de cette Historia, qui se veut un texte historique quoique traitant une matière fictionnelle puisque mythologique à une époque où les genres littéraires ne sont pas encore définis et encore moins cloisonnés ; nous avons en outre longuement commenté et illustré le choix de l’écriture en prose et en latin à une époque où la mode est au vers et au vernaculaire. Enfin, notre troisième chapitre porte sur le contenu scientifique, politique et idéologique de ce texte truffé de parenthèses érudites et morales. En dernier lieu, nous avons proposé une édition diplomatique de la partie non éditée ni traduite du manuscrit, ainsi que des annexes sur les manuscrits et le vocabulaire, et bien sûr des index des noms propres et un glossaire des mots rares ou surprenants<br>This work proposes to explore one of the many medieval texts on the myth of the Trojan War. Transmitted to medieval Europe not through Homer but by the Latin classics and some authors of late Antiquity, this myth was a huge success in Europe during the middle Ages, despite the ignorance of the Greek and the Iliad. We chose to partially edit and comment on one of the most important monuments of the medieval Trojan material, almost unpublished text today because totally abandoned since the Renaissance and the return to the ancient texts. In an introduction, we exposed the principles of our editing work, that is to say, listed the various manuscripts used by the original publisher (Nathaniel Griffin) and especially presented our basic manuscript, Cod. Bodmer 78, absent from the list of manuscripts collated by Griffin. Then we have a chapter on the language of the text, a medieval Latin highly readable although full of "modernism", particularly in terms of vocabulary. Then, after introducing the text, the language and our editing method, we exposed the little things we had on our author, his life, his work and the intellectual context in which he evolved in thirteenth century Sicily, and the European craze for the Trojan material explains his choice to take this great myth in his Historia. Then, we had to mention the many sources used by Guido delle Colonne, its indirect or direct or unacknowledged sources. Lastly, we provided a summary of each book published and translated. Then follows a detailed bibliography on manuscripts and old editions of this text, textbooks, historical and cultural context in Europe and Sicily in the Middle Ages, the Greek texts, Latin and vernacular related to the Trojan War and that influenced our author near or far, the critical works on the treatment of this Trojan material in antiquity and the Middle Ages, and finally some bibliographic elements on Guido and his work. Then comes our edition-translation. The translation is accompanied by a double pageantry: one for the sources and reminiscences, and a critical apparatus that considers and compares the lessons contained in our manuscript with basic variants cited by the previous editor in some manuscripts that he used. At the bottom of the translation include scholarly notes for names or facts mentioned in the text and deserve an explanation. After this introduction and part philological edition, the second major part of this thesis consists of a comment and annexes. In our review, we wanted to examine our text in its narratological, thematically, linguistic, generic and ideological aspects. That is why we have devoted the first chapter to the narratological study of the text, its content, its layout, its narrative techniques, use of sources and its main themes. In a second part, we discussed the type and tone of the Historia, which intends to be a historical text while attending a fictional material since mythological, at a time when genres are not yet defined and less compartmentalized; we have also commented extensively and illustrated the choice of writing in prose and Latin at a time when fashion is to poetry and vernacular. In the end, our third chapter focuses on the scientific, political and ideological content of this text peppered with parentheses and moral scholars. Finally, we proposed a diplomatic edition of the unedited or translated part of the manuscript, as well as appendices on manuscripts and vocabulary, and of course the name index and a glossary of rare or surprising words
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Rydberg, Christina. "En annan tid : Definitioner av tid i franska uppslagsverk, 1690-1835." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för kultur och estetik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-169814.
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Another time. Definitions of time in French encyclopedias, 1690-1835 The point of departure for this study is the common conception that the idea of time became "modern" in the late 18th century, meaning among other things a new, future-oriented and empowered individual. Such a view has been expressed by scholars like Lynn Hunt, Lucian Hölscher, François Hartog, Dan Edelstein as well as Reinhart Koselleck. This thesis investigates whether such a transformation is visible in eight French encyclopedias, published between 1690 and 1835. Definitions of time-related key-words are studied from a perspective of conceptual history and discourse analysis. The result of the study indicates a change in the notion of time. However, this change does not concur with the presumed breakthrough of "modernity". The dominant change is rather words that disappear during the period. The study argues that the dichotomy of time versus eternity was questioned, which changed the expectations. Definitions eventually turned away from a predetermined future, however they did not include an individual freedom to act. A new temporal consciousness is visible with the update of history, as pointed out by Koselleck. Mythology was mocked when definitions underlined rationality. The texts substituted religion with science. Diversity between individual definitions is visible mostly during the middle of the 18th century. Finally, the study discusses a possible time lag for encyclopedias used as witnesses of a discourse.<br>Autres temps. Les définitions du temps des encyclopédies françaises, 1690-1835 La notion de temps au sens moderne semble avoir pris forme vers la fin du 18e siècle. Cette conception du temps comme « moderne » implique entre autres choses que l'homme est conscient de la dimension temporelle, et de sa liberté de créer son propre avenir. Depuis les années 1960, plusieurs penseurs, dont François Hartog, Lynn Hunt, Lucian Hölscher, Dan Edelstein et Reinhart Koselleck, ont abordé ce décalage de la dite notion. Dans cette thèse sont examinés les changements de la notion du temps à travers les définitions de huit encyclopédies publiées entre 1690 et 1835. Au 18e siècle, les dictionnaires et les encyclopédies jouaient un rôle important quant au savoir et à la maitrise de la langue. Les analyses des définitions sont conduites à la lumière des théories conceptuelles et discursives. Les résultats de l'étude, dont le matériau s'étend sur 150 ans, confirment un changement de la notion de temps mais non pas celui dont a parlé la recherche antérieure. Les définitions témoignent d'un certain nombre d'effacements et de substitutions de différentes parties des textes. Les textes semblent avoir été plus homogènes au début et à la fin du 18e siècle et plus hétérogènes au milieu du même siècle. Les références religieuses s'y sont souvent substituées à des textes provenant des sciences naturelles, comme par exemple la mécanique. Successivement, les explications mythologiques étaient qualifiées de purs « mythes ». La dichotomie temps—éternité est remise en question et commence à disparaître. Selon d'autres chercheurs dans ce domaine, cela signifie une des conditions d'un futur non prédéterminé. Cependant, même au début du 19e siècle, les définitions parlent d'un futur contingent et non d'un homme maître de son propre futur. Pendant cette période (1690-1835), il y a aussi eu lieu un changement dans la façon de concevoir la notion d' «histoire », un phénomène qui a été souligné par Koselleck. Ce changement semble avoir entrainé une nouvelle conceptualisation de la temporalité. Dans la thèse sont discutées les encyclopédies comme étant des sources scientifiques et la possibilité d'un « time lag » dû aux définitions comparées au discours où celles-ci sont produites. Les résultats montrent l'introduction apparemment tardive d'un nouveau discours.<br><p>Masterprogram i historiska studier, inriktning idéhistoria</p>
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Andersson, Jesper. "Rasdefinition i förändring : En kvalitativ textanalys av svenska uppslagsverks framställning av folk (ras) i Afrika, Asien och Orienten, under perioden 1845-2020." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-81953.
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The use of encyclopedias has since their entry in Sweden, played a central role in communicating and defining knowledge to society. This essay examines the representation of peoples (race) in Africa, Asia and the Orient in encyclopedias between 1845-2020. The essay aims to explain and show how several selected concepts have changed in the encyclopedias’ descriptions over time in Sweden. The results show that the encyclopedias were highly influenced by racial biology and scientific racism the further back in time the encyclopedias were issued. People from Africa, Asia and the Orient were described with external characteristics and at times associated with different psychic characteristics. Through the representation of appearance, at times presented as different and foreign, one can see a construction between “we” and “the others”. The encyclopedias also made descriptions of people with generalizing derogatory concepts that were imbued by racism and dogmatic views on the different. Descriptions of peoples appearance and character traits were something that gradually disappeared over time.
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Ortega, Molinos Neus. "Enciclopedisme i cànon. La literatura moderna a Dell’origine, progressi e stato attuale d’ogni letteratura de Joan Andrés." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668515.
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En el meu treball d'investigació analitzo l’estudi sobre la literatura universal de l’abate Joan Andrés i Morell (1740 Planes, Alacant – 1817, Roma), comprès en la seva magna obra: Dell’origine, progressi e stato attuale d’ogni letteratura (1882-1899). Es tracta d’una obra historiogràfica que esdevé una recopilació crítica del coneixement humà i dels principals inventors, creadors i investigadors que han destacat fins al segle XVIII. La repercussió d’aquesta obra és cabdal en vida de l’autor a l’Europa Occidental, però cau en l’oblit immediatament després de la seva mort i durant tot el segle XIX. No és fins a la segona meitat del segle XX que es comença a recuperar lentament el seu estudi.
El meu objectiu principal ha estat caracteritzar el cànon particular d’Andrés, que no es formula explícitament sinó que emergeix de l’anàlisi de la seva obra enciclopèdica. En la valoració de les obres literàries, dels escriptors i en general dels diferents períodes culturals, l’escriptor valencià aplica un cànon que és essencialment il·lustrat i, per tant, lligat tant a la tradició estètica neoclassicista com als principis racionalistes i empiristes, sobre els quals s’erigeix la Il·lustració. M’ha interessat especialment la seva aplicació a les tres èpoques que conformen l’Edat Moderna: el Renaixement, el Barroc i la Il·lustració. Per tal d'entendre el seu pensament literari he analitzat també l’estudi que desenvolupa sobre algunes literatures precedents, especialment la grega i romana d’època clàssica, i dues literatures medievals, l'àrab i la catalano-provençal —entesa com una sola literatura. Aquest treball inclou també un breu estudi dels apunts d’Andrés sobre literatures llunyanes com l’escandinava, la xinesa, l’índia i la jueva.
La sistematització que he efectuat de les seves valoracions literàries va precedit d’una explicació dels conceptes principals que vertebren la seva crítica literària: l’enciclopedisme, el comparatisme, la idea de progrés, la relació entre religió i literatura en la seva obra i la descripció del cànon neoclàssic, que m’ha permès permet definir la naturalesa del seu cànon particular. Joan Andrés esdevé precursor dels estudis comparatistes. En el meu treball he pretès establir les similituds i sobretot les diferències principals entre l’enciclopedisme francès i Dell’origine. Aquesta comparació abasta àmbits diversos com la religió, l’epistemologia o la refutació d’algunes de les bases que sustenten l’hegemonia cultural francesa, com per exemple el concepte de progrés.
En un moment en què a Europa triomfa l’esperit enciclopedista de la Il·lustració, la recopilació d’informació va acompanyada d’una interrelació de tot el saber. El mètode comparatista de Joan Andrés és de gran interès perquè posa en relació gran nombre de termes de comparació. La valoració de les obres i dels autors s’estableix des de tres marcs comparatius: el gènere literari, l’època i la nacionalitat. L'escriptor és avaluat tenint en compte el propòsit essencial de la literatura des de l'òptica il·lustrada: la instrucció i el gaudi. Andrés demana la conjunció d'aprenentatge i d'entreteniment, seguint la lectura canònica d'Horaci, però els seus comentaris revelen una interpretació diferent: el plaer és l'eina indispensable per arribar a la instrucció, que esdevé l'objectiu principal de la literatura perquè està vinculada a la idea il·lustrada de progrés. Al mateix temps relaciona el gaudi no només amb la diversió sinó amb l'efecte d'emocionar el públic o el lector, una idea que està en consonància amb la importància que es concedeix a les emocions i al receptor en la teoria literària de la segona meitat del segle XVIII. El prestigi que mantenen els escriptors entre els crítics il·lustrats i la influència que han exercit en la història literària són factors que incideixen també en la seva valoració.
A partir d’aquest plantejament he pogut establir el seu sistema de valoració i constatar les qualitats que considera essencials d’una obra literària, que he examinat en funció dels gèneres i de les literatures més destacades. Finalment he examinat quatre escriptors que considero paradigmàtics en el seu estudi: Ariosto, Shakespeare, Lope de Vega i Voltaire. En resum, en aquesta investigació he pogut exposar la complexitat del seu pensament, discernir les bases teòriques de les seves valoracions i establir els criteris que empra per constituir el seu cànon literari.<br>The objective of this research is to analyse the literary thought of Joan Andrés i Morell in his great work Dell'origine, progressi e stato attuale d’ogni letteratura (1782-1799). For this purpose I will attempt to systematize his judgements and to point out which aspects are traditional and which are innovative within the framework of neoclassical poetics, taking into consideration that at the end of the century in Italy and Spain neoclassicism was becoming more and more heterodox, reflecting the aesthetic and literary transformations of the period.
Joan Andrés’ magnum opus, aims to offer up examples of model authors to serve as a reference points for future writers. Andrés assesses authors and literary works both critically and comparatively, from three different perspectives: time period, nation, and literary genre. His commentaries facilitate the establishment of a hierarchy of authors for each of these comparative frameworks and ultimately lay down universal models. The factors that determine an author’s quality largely relate to their concept of literature, their recognition from other literary writers and critics, to classicist poetics, and the author’s own sensitivity, which is partly innate. Andrés’ assessment of writers incorporates an enlightenment understanding of the essential purpose of literature: of instruction and enjoyment. Enjoyment is not just associated with fun, it is also linked to the effect of moving the audience, an idea which is certainly in keeping with the importance granted to the emotions and the audience in the literary theory of the second half of the 18th century.
The prestige afforded to writers from enlightenment critics and the influence they exerted on literary history are factors that also influence his assessment. Regarding classicist poetics, Andrés considers how knowledge of literary theory and models allows authors to identify the essential qualities of a work and its adaptation to its given genre. This last procedure encompasses aspects such as theme choice, plot development, character type, and the specific purpose the work is supposed to fulfil. Notwithstanding the above, Andrés values authorial qualities capable of creating beauty and maintaining the audience’s interest beyond the scope of neoclassical poetics.
Books on the topic "Historical encyclopedia"
Book chapters on the topic "Historical encyclopedia"
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Chhabra, Deepak, and Shengnan Zhao. "Historical Tourism." In Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_368-1.
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Chhabra, Deepak, and Shengnan Zhao. "Historical tourism." In Encyclopedia of Tourism. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01384-8_368.
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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Historical Landmarks." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_1473.
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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Historical Landmarks." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_1473-2.
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Noble, Vergil E. "Historical Archaeology." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51726-1_1374-2.
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Batlló, Josep. "Historical Seismometer." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-36197-5_171-1.
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Batlló, Josep. "Historical Seismometer." In Encyclopedia of Earthquake Engineering. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35344-4_171.
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Noble, Vergil E. "Historical Archaeology." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0465-2_1374.
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Leroy, Suzanne A. G., and Raisa Gracheva. "Historical Events." In Encyclopedia of Natural Hazards. Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-4399-4_169.
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Noble, Vergil E. "Historical Archaeology." In Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_1374.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Historical encyclopedia"
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Ilyin, A., and S. Lyamin. "Electronic Tambov Encyclopedia: Functionality and Prospects for Project Development." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1806.978-5-317-06529-4/173-177.
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The article presents the results of the implementation of the project to create an electronic Tambov encyclopedia. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the capabilities of the Wiki-platform on which the electronic encyclopedia is created.
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Ilyin, A., and S. Lyamin. "Electronic Tambov Encyclopedia: Functionality and Prospects for Project Development." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1806.978-5-317-06529-4/173-177.
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The article presents the results of the implementation of the project to create an electronic Tambov encyclopedia. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the capabilities of the Wiki-platform on which the electronic encyclopedia is created.
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Hookk, D. "Web Analytics as a tool for analyzing a network resource with a variety of sources on the archaeological research materials." In Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1837.978-5-317-06529-4/384-390.
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Despite the already introduced concept of Webometrics, the visitors counter has considered as a main indicator of the effectiveness of the museum open sources. The article presents the statistical data and observations made during the work on the start-up project “Digital Encyclopedia of the Hermitage. Vol. 1. Archaeology”, as well as during the COVID-19 quarantine period, when communication with virtual visitors became a priority in museums.
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Mansyur, Mr. "Encyclopedia of Local Historical Figures as a Learning Source of Independent Local Content for Students of Junior High School in South Kalimantan." In 1st International Conference on Social Sciences Education - "Multicultural Transformation in Education, Social Sciences and Wetland Environment" (ICSSE 2017). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icsse-17.2018.46.
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Motta, Eduardo, Alexandre Andreatta, and Sean Siqueira. "Populating a domain ontology from web historical dictionaries and encyclopedias." In the 2008 Euro American Conference. ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1621087.1621108.
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