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1

Layton‐Jones, Katy. "Visual Quotations: Referencing Visual Sources as Historical Evidence." Visual Resources 24, no. 2 (2008): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01973760802042762.

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van Hover, Stephanie, David Hicks, and Hilary Dack. "From Source to Evidence? Teachers' Use of Historical Sources in Their Classrooms." Social Studies 107, no. 6 (2016): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00377996.2016.1214903.

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Bába, Barbara. "Sources in historical dialectology." Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 29, no. 1 (2021): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2021-0002.

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Abstract Any scholarly description of Hungarian dialects may only be possible for the time period after the settlement of the Hungarian-speaking population in the Carpathian Basin. Research in historical dialectology has primarily focused on the phonological characterization of 11th-14th century conditions, while in terms of sources, scholars have so far relied primarily on early data related to tribes’ names, historical data recorded in charters, today’s dialects, as well as evidence provided by related languages and elements borrowed from others. My paper sets out to establish the value of v
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Hawley, E. Haven. "Revaluing Mimeographs as Historical Sources." RBM: A Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 15, no. 1 (2014): 40–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/rbm.15.1.414.

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Curators are partners with printing historians, collectors, and conservators, as well as with communities, in selecting, preserving, and interpreting cultural heritage. Uncovering the role of a technology such as mimeography reveals more than a history of a specific machine or technical process. It secures a better understanding about social experience by authenticating accounts about how diverse groups communicated with their own communities and to others. Special collections professionals need to be archaeologists to recover evidence from and to best preserve 20th-century publications. Curre
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Jaskot, Paul B., and Ivo van der Graaff. "Historical Journals as Digital Sources:." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 76, no. 4 (2017): 483–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2017.76.4.483.

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Historical Journals as Digital Sources: Mapping Architecture in Germany, 1914–24 demonstrates how historical journals can provide information for digital mapping and how mapping can tell us something new about the German construction industry in a moment of crisis. Digital maps can expand the art historical research process and raise fundamental art historical research questions. Paul B. Jaskot and Ivo van der Graaff developed a database from all issues of the German journal Deutsche Bauzeitung published in the period 1914–24 and visualized the evidence they collected using geographic informat
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Wilkinson, James. "A Choice of Fictions: Historians, Memory, and Evidence." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 111, no. 1 (1996): 80–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463135.

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Contemporary historians' definition of what constitutes historical evidence has expanded dramatically since the mid-1970s, but so have their doubts about the interpretation of evidence, especially for difficult and evanescent sources such as collective memory. As the ambitions of historical practice have challenged the limits of interpretation, the use of novel sources has necessitated recourse to “foundationalist” assumptions, without which errors in historical witnesses cannot be detected or evaluated.
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Sattarnejad, S., K. H. Bastani, B. Afkhami та H. S. Shiran. "ЛОКАЛИЗАЦИЯ КОМПЛЕКСА ПАНДЖ ГОНБАДАН В МАРАГЕ (СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНЫЙ ИРАН) НА ОСНОВЕ АРХЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ И ИСТОРИЧЕСКИХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ". Краткие сообщения Института археологии (КСИА), № 268 (10 червня 2023): 395–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.25681/iaras.0130-2620.268.395-406.

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Studies aimed at identifying the exact location of historic buildings is of special interest for archaeologists. The historic buildings of Panj Gonbadan (Five Domes) are among the constructions of the Islamic period in the northwestern region of Iran mentioned in the historical sources of the Seljuk (5 and 6 AH) and Ilkhanid (7 and 8 AH) periods. Antiquities of the Seljuk period in northwestern Iran were neglected in archaeological studies for a long time, no research has been carried out, which show the necessity of their investigation. This research is aimed at exact localization of this arc
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Torrez, Cheryl Franklin, and Scott M. Waring. "Elementary School Students, Artifacts and Primary Sources: Learning to Engage in Historical Inquiry." Social Studies Research and Practice 4, no. 2 (2009): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-02-2009-b0007.

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This article highlights some of the experiences of elementary students learning to use primary sources to engage in historical inquiry. Two teacher educators developed and taught social studies lessons in collaboration with 5th and 6th grade teachers. The elementary students had little previous experience evaluating primary sources and artifacts. Using both digital and non-digital sources, the students began to understand historical perspective and use historical evidence as the basis of their conclusions. However, difficulties were encountered during lessons using artifacts to understand hist
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VANSINA, JAN. "LINGUISTIC EVIDENCE AND HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION." Journal of African History 40, no. 3 (1999): 469–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853799007598.

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A Green Place, a Good Place: Agrarian Change, Gender and Social Identity in the Great Lakes Region to the Fifteenth Century. By David Lee Schoenbrun. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann: Oxford: James Currey, 1998. Pp. xiv+301. £40 (ISBN 0-325-00041-7); £15.95, paperback (ISBN 0-325-00040-9).An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400. By Christopher Ehret. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia; Oxford: James Currey, 1998. Pp. xvii+354. £35 (ISBN 0-8139-1814-6).Recently several historical reconstructions based on linguistic evidence and dealing w
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10

Troesken, W. "The Sources of Public Ownership: Historical Evidence From the Gas Industry." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 13, no. 1 (1997): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jleo.a023374.

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Žemgulienė, Aušra, and Aistė Babachinaitė. "ARGUMENTAVIMAS PRADINĖSE KLASĖSE DIRBANT SU ISTORINIAIS ŠALTINIAIS: 4 KLASĖS MOKINIŲ ARGUMENTAVIMO IR ŠALTINIO SUPRATIMO GEBĖJIMŲ KAITA [ARGUMENTATION IN PRIMARY CLASS WHILE WORKING WITH HISTORICAL SOURCES: THE DEVELOPMENT OF 4TH FORMERS’ ARGUMENTATION AND UNDERSTANDING HISTORICAL SOURCE ABILITIES]." ŠVIETIMAS: POLITIKA, VADYBA, KOKYBĖ / EDUCATION POLICY, MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY 10, no. 1 (2018): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/spvk-epmq/18.10.27.

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This research addresses the issue of development of argumentation and understanding historical sources abilities in 4th year classes. The theoretical section has revealed that the foreign studies propose to change educational system moving from the direct memorization, the knowledge reproduction to the knowledge interpretation, reasoning and using historical sources not only to obtain the necessary information, but to use it as evidence to create historical understanding. This approach is influenced by constructivism ideas, which encourage students to be active in the learning process. The bas
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Serkova, Vera, and Alla Safonova. "Biography as a historical problem." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2021, no. 02 (2021): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202102statyi17.

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Biography as a historical description is possible in different forms: as historical evidence, as a value or value judgment, as modeling history according to the principle “als ob” (“as if”). The latter type of biography can be accepted as a heuristic and hypothetical model of events in the absence of reliable evidence, when the biography is created from indirect sources. Modeling by the principle “als ob” was invented by Hans Feichinger, a little-known original follower of the philosophy of I. Kant.
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Smith, Gaye. "Inspiration and information: sources for the fashion designer and historian." Art Libraries Journal 14, no. 4 (1989): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200006465.

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A number of sources of inspiration and information, in addition to books on costume history, are invaluable to the fashion designer and the historian of fashion. They include predictions of style and market trends, visual sources of creative inspiration, and a variety of forms of historical evidence. Sources of information on style and market trends include forecasting services, trade magazines, newspapers, advertising material, and fashion magazines. Sources from which the designer can draw inspiration include paintings and visual imagery from the theatre, cinema, and popular culture. Histori
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Žemgulienė, Aušra, and Nijolia Balcevič. "Development of Historical Literacy: 3rd–4th Formers’ Abilities to Understand a Historical Source." Pedagogika 123, no. 3 (2016): 86–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2016.35.

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The article analyses the problem of development of historical literacy in primary classes. Following the foreign theory and research, the article analyses which abilities to understand a historical source should be developed in primary forms. It is also discussed, which requirements for abilities to investigate and understand a historical source are imposed on primary learners in foreign countries (Cooper, 1995; 2006; 2012; Chapman, 2011; Lee, Ashby, 1995; Lee, 2005; Levstik 1993; Perikleous, Shemilt, 2011; Petri, 2014; Seixas 1996; 2006; Van Drie, Van Boxtel, 2007; Wineburg, 2010). The theore
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Kariyev, Y. M., and D. B. Samratova. "Archaeological sites as a historical source: historiographical overview." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. HISTORICAL SCIENCES. PHILOSOPHY. RELIGION Series 134, no. 1 (2021): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7255-2021-134-1-63-80.

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As we know, the material objects of the past are the most important sources of historical science. Also, we are aware that material monuments were not immediately included in the orbit of interests of history. Archaeology is recognized as a field of history. It has come a long and difficult way from general evidence of the past and art history to an academic discipline with its base of sources, methodology and other inherent attributes of a full-fledged scientific unit. There are many works on the history of archaeology, archaeological thought and archaeological research of different scale and
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Solé, Glória. "Portuguese Primary Students' Ideas About Historical Evidence Using Old Newspapers As Sources." History Education Research Journal 12, no. 1 (2013): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18546/herj.12.1.10.

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Kawamura, Hidehisa, Nobuaki Matsuoka, Noriyuki Momoshima, Masami Koike, and Yoshimasa Takashima. "Isotopic Evidence in Tree Rings for Historical Changes in Atmospheric Sulfur Sources." Environmental Science & Technology 40, no. 18 (2006): 5750–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es060321w.

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18

Nazarkulova, Nodira. "THE ROLE AND INTERPRETATION OF VISUAL IMAGE IN HISTORICAL STUDIES." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 6, no. 6 (2024): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume06issue06-27.

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This paper explores the role and significance of visual images in the field of history. It examines how visual sources such as photographs, paintings, and other visual media contribute to historical understanding and interpretation. The study delves into the methodologies employed by historians to analyze visual images, discusses the epistemological implications of visual evidence, and considers the challenges and limitations associated with using visual images in historical research. Through a review of literature and case studies, the paper aims to highlight the importance of visual images a
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Supriyanto, Supriyanto. "Digitalization of Ancient Manuscripts from Tuban Regency as Historical Sources." Tarikhuna: Journal of History and History Education 6, no. 2 (2024): 316–43. https://doi.org/10.15548/thje.v6i2.10110.

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Manuscripts are the result of a person's handwriting, which contains various information, including thoughts, community culture, life history, customs in the past, which become a source of historical studies, and so on. Manuscripts in Indonesia are widely scattered throughout the country, including manuscripts in Tuban Regency. Tuban has a solid Islamic history. This is evidenced by the existence of handwritten evidence that contains various ancient manuscript information. Many people need to learn more information about the existence of manuscripts. Until care and preservation are often ignor
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20

Chichinov, Vladislav Alekseevich. "Chronological evidence relating to the reign of the Khans of Sartak and Ulagchi." Manuscript 17, no. 4 (2024): 729–35. https://doi.org/10.30853/mns20240108.

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This article examines the chronological evidence of historical sources relating to the reign of the Khans Sartaq and Ulaghchi in the Ulus of Jochi. The purpose of the study is to establish the accuracy and reliability of the dating information contained in such historical sources as Arabic sources, Russian chronicles and the Jami' at-Tawarikh of Rashid al-Din. In the article, the author carries out a detailed analysis of the chronological elements relating to the reign of the Khans Sartaq and Ulaghchi. The chronological evidence was verified by the methods of historical chronology, for example
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Maulana, Wildhan Ichzha. "Polemik Salakanagara: Meninjau Kebenaran Bukti Historis Salakanagara dalam Pentas Sejarah Kuno di Indonesia." Diakronika 23, no. 1 (2023): 88–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/diakronika/vol23-iss1/334.

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This study aims to analyze historical evidence and the views of the Banten people towards the existence of the Salakanagara Hindu kingdom. The research method used is a historical method covering 4 stages, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography which is supported by a correspondence theory framework to explore the historical truth of Salakanagara based on the support of objective facts in the form of written sources and archaeological remains. The results of this study indicate that (1) the historical facts of Salakanagara are not supported by strong primary histor
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YÁÑEZ-BOUZA, NURIA. "ECEP: historical corpora, historical phonology and historical pronouncing dictionaries." English Language and Linguistics 24, no. 3 (2020): 475–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674320000040.

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This article presents the Eighteenth-Century English Phonology Database (ECEP) in the context of historical phonology and historical corpora. The eighteenth century witnessed the proliferation of works on elocution and orthoepy and yet the field lacks searchable digital sources comparable to those available in other disciplines like historical syntax or historical pragmatics. Because of this and for other reasons such as the difficulty in deciphering idiosyncratic notation systems in the original materials, there has been a certain disregard for the study of eighteenth-century phonological evi
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Setumu, Tlou, and Mpho Ngoepe. "AUGMENTING CONVENTIONAL SOURCES WITH ALTERNATIVE SOURCES IN RESEARCH: AN ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL DISSERTATIONS AND THESES FROM UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH AFRICA." Mousaion: South African Journal of Information Studies 32, no. 3 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/0027-2639/1664.

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In most historical research works, conventional sources are used. In most cases these are primary sources (eg, professionally obtained archaeological material, rock art, archival records and oral evidence) and original documents (eg, newspapers, reports and diaries), as well as secondary sources (eg, books, journal articles, theses, etc). There is consensus among historical scholars that alternative sources, such as old objects, and artefacts (eg, machinery, wagons, epitaphs, etc), are not always used adequately in research as compared to conventional sources. Researchers point out that rich s
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Gaffield, Chad, and Peter Baskerville. "The Automated Archivist: Interdisciplinarity and the Process of Historical Research." Social Science History 9, no. 2 (1985): 167–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200020435.

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The basis of most historical research including social science history is quite unsystematic. This characteristic results from the ways in which researchers find and choose historical sources for examination. Despite claims to be systematic, historians still tend to identify relevant evidence in impressionistic ways. Many social science histories involve the rigorous study of a source happily discovered by chance. Of course, access to the past has never been easy. Researchers have always lamented a presumed lack of “essential” records. Nonetheless, the actual ways we discover existing evidence
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Gasperini, Paolo, Filippo Bernardini, Gianluca Valensise, and Enzo Boschi. "Defining seismogenic sources from historical earthquake felt reports." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 89, no. 1 (1999): 94–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0890010094.

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Abstract We present a method that uses macroseismic intensity data to assess the location, physical dimensions, and orientation of the source of large historical earthquakes. Intensity data contain a great deal of information that can be used to constrain the essential characteristics of the seismic source. In particular, both the seismological theory and its practice suggest that the orientation of the source of significant earthquakes is reflected in the elongation of the associated damage pattern. A plausible and easily manageable way of describing a seismic source is by representing it as
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Schelske, Claire L. "Historical Nutrient Enrichment of Lake Ontario: Paleolimnological Evidence." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 48, no. 8 (1991): 1529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f91-181.

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Recent studies of Lake Ontario show four periods of nutrient enrichment that can be identified from the sediment record in this phosphorus-limited system: pristine phosphorus loads (early 1800s before European settlement), moderate increase in phosphorus loading after settlement (beginning approximately 1850), exponential increase in phosphorus loading from urban sources (approximately 1940–70), and decreased phosphorus loading as the result of phosphorus abatement strategies (beginning in mid-1970s). Paleolimnological data are used to infer new paradigms about historical dynamics and cycling
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Langbein, John H. "Historical Foundations of the Law of Evidence: A View from the Ryder Sources." Columbia Law Review 96, no. 5 (1996): 1168. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1123403.

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Dr., T. Athithan. "Paper Manuscript in Early Aganaanooru Edition History." Maayan International Journal of Tamil Research (MIJTR) 3, no. 1 (2023): 113–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7768942.

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Historical evidences include inscriptions, copper plates, coins, palm leaf manuscripts and paper manuscripts. Many literary, grammatical, mathematical, medical, astronomical and historical works handed down to us by our forefathers are also present in paper trails. These are also primary sources of evidence in the field. In that sense, the role of paper traces is also primary in the edition history of Aganaanooru, one of the Sangam literatures. Considering the scope of the research, this article examines the editions that came before 1940 and highlights the utility of paper manuscripts in them
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Papstein, Robert. "Creating and Using Photographs as Historical Evidence." History in Africa 17 (January 1990): 247–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3171815.

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The use of photographs as research data is becoming of increasing interest to historians of Africa. The School of Oriental and African Studies' Workshop on “Photographs as sources for African history” is only the most recent example of this emerging concern. This paper is designed to discuss some of the conceptual problems one might meet when attempting to understand photographs as data. It also discusses making photographs as a systematic part of field research. Lastly, it provides a brief primer on the type of photographic equipment best suited for fieldwork.Historians of Africa are used to
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Wescoat, James L. "Water and Work in Mughal Gardens and Landscapes." Journal of Material Cultures in the Muslim World 3, no. 1 (2022): 112–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26666286-12340027.

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Abstract Laborers and draft animals played underexamined roles in building and operating the waterworks of Mughal gardens and landscapes. This article analyzes four sources of evidence about water-related work: Mughal paintings; historical texts on the political economy of Mughal waterworks; historical sources assessed in relation to modern estimates of human and animal energy needed to build and operate the waterworks; and historical sources considered in relation to the work of natural waters shaping land and society in material and cultural terms. Taken together, these four lines of inquiry
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Waring, Scott M., Carol LaVallee, and Tammara Purdin. "The power of agentic women and SOURCES." Social Studies Research and Practice 13, no. 2 (2018): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-01-2018-0005.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to outline the SOURCES framework for teaching with primary sources and document why it is imperative that students utilize a variety of sources, as they become aware of the power of history and become more proficient at discussing, expressing, and persuasively defending opinions about various issues and topics from history. The focus of the inquiry investigations outlined is on the agentic power of women throughout the American history. Design/methodology/approach To initiate and cultivate historical thinking practices and working with primary sources with
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Koyama, Akihiro, Kathleen Kavanagh, and Andrew Robinson. "Marine nitrogen in central Idaho riparian forests: evidence from stable isotopes." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62, no. 3 (2005): 518–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f04-220.

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Terrestrial and marine ecosystems are linked by the annual migration of salmonids. We examined the contribution of anadromous fish to foliar nitrogen (N) in central Idaho riparian forests where anadromous fish have been in sharp decline for approximately 30 years. To determine if the amount of N from anadromous fish carcasses can be assessed from conifer foliage, we fertilized seedlings with varying proportions of N from marine sources and analyzed their foliar 15N/14N ratio (δ15N). Also, to evaluate whether N obtained from marine sources was evident in riparian forests, we analyzed the δ15N o
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Godovova, Elena. "Materials on the Historical and Statistical Description of the Orenburg Cossack Army as a Collection of Historical Sources for the Study of Acculturation Processes on the Southeastern Frontier of the Russian Empire." ISTORIYA 15, no. 1 (135) (2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840029889-6.

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The article analyzes the historical sources collected in the Materials on the historical and statistical description of the Orenburg Cossack army. The four groups of source material identified by the author are extracts from the files of the military archive; legislative and regulatory legal acts; stories, travel notes and memoirs of Cossack officers; oral historical evidence — contains unique evidence of the imperial policy of acculturation in relation to the Orenburg Cossack army, occupying the frontier territory of the south-east of the Russian Empire and created by the government to protec
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Marom, Roy, Matthew J. Adams, and Yotam Tepper. "The Mosque of Ibrahim." Journal of Islamic Archaeology 11, no. 2 (2025): 123–46. https://doi.org/10.1558/jia.28376.

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This paper discusses the Mosque of Ibrahim/Abraham at Lajjūn, a now lost building known from Early Islamic and Mamluk historical sources (10th–15th centuries CE). These sources describe the mosque as a pilgrimage site: early Muslim tradition attributes Ibrahim with the miraculous creation of Lajjūn’s main spring, and it is written that the mosque was constructed to commemorate this event. However, despite featuring prominently in geographical treaties, pilgrimage compendia and chronicles over six centuries, the mosque had disappeared from the historical record by the Ottoman period, and even i
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Napier, Christopher J. "THE HISTORIAN AS AUDITOR: FACTS, JUDGMENTS AND EVIDENCE." Accounting Historians Journal 29, no. 2 (2002): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.29.2.131.

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Both history and auditing are “evidence-based” practices. Accounting historians, who may be skilled in audit as well as historical research, may have special insights into how sources provide evidence to support judgments and opinions. Considerations of evidence by theorists of history may be of relevance to theorists of auditing, and vice versa. The work in this area of recent historiographers Richard Evans, Keith Jenkins and Behan McCullagh is reviewed. McCullagh's claim that fairness as well as truth is central to making historical judgments is shown to resonate with the work of auditors an
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Suh, Yonghee. "Past Looking: Using Arts as Historical Evidence in Teaching History." Social Studies Research and Practice 8, no. 1 (2013): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-01-2013-b0010.

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This is a comparative case study of how three high school history teachers in the U.S.A. use art in their practice. The following research question was investigated: How do secondary history teachers incorporate the arts—paintings, music, poems, novels, and films—in their teaching of history and why? Data were collected from three sources: interviews, observations, and classroom materials. Grounded theory was utilized to analyze the data. Findings suggest these teachers use the arts as historical evidence roughly for three purposes: First, to teach the spirit of an age; second, to teach the hi
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Vasconcelos, Anselmo Ferreira. "Mapping Brazilian workforce diversity: a historical analysis." Management Research Review 39, no. 10 (2016): 1352–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-04-2015-0104.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how Brazilian organizations have handled diversity. Design/methodology/approach This study draws upon the historical analysis by focusing essentially on secondary sources of data, surface-level indicators, namely, race, gender and age. Accordingly, the major sources of information used in this study are the rankings of the Great Place to Work® Institute Brazil (between 2005 and 2013) and from the Brazilian Ministry of Labor and Employment’s reports (between 2009 and 2013). Findings The evidence gathered from the Great Place to Work® Institute Bra
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Abduzhemilev, Refat R. "Argumentation of the autoethnonym “Crimean Tatars” by indigenous and foreign historical sources." Crimean Historical Review 11, no. 2 (2024): 16–28. https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2024.2.16-28.

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The article aims to prove the endoethnonymous nature and refute the exoethnonymous hypothesis of the self-designation of the Crimean Tatars. The foundation of the evidence base is laid in the written sources of the Crimean Khanate era. Foreign historical sources are considered and the main forms of self-designation are determined. The philological aspect of the autoethnonym (izafet construction) is analyzed. The reflection of the name “Tatars” in the toponymy of the Crimean Peninsula is indicated. A brief historical excursion into the evolution of the self-designation is given.
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Emboden, William A. "“Natural Highs” in an Historical and Biological Context." Journal of Drug Education 18, no. 1 (1988): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/gq0b-4cbx-bb15-m6lh.

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Historical and contemporary patterns of substance use and abuse are recognized, and the error in believing psychoactive natural substances to be reasonably safe is pointed out. The plethora of literature on drug-induced ecstasies among diverse peoples produces over-confidence in the safety of inducing altered states by means of natural chemicals. Given the current level of experimentation, the lack of a context for use, and the lack of knowledge of the toxicity of many plant sources presents a very real problem. Documented evidence of recent changes in patterns of experimentation with diverse
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Batool, Munazza. "DECLINE OF BUDDHISM IN PAKISTAN: A HISTORICAL REVIEW." Pakistan Journal of Social Research 04, no. 01 (2022): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/pjsr.v4i1.2.

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The decline of Buddhism in the regions now in Pakistan is usually associated with the arrival of Islam. There is no doubt that the regions that are now dominantly Muslim were once dominantly Buddhist. But whether it is a simple matter of arrival of Islam to these areas that the entire Buddhist population turned into Islamic demography? How this transformation took place and at which historical juncture? This paper reconsiders such a narrative in light of some historical evidence traced form the contemporary sources f the period. While doing so a sketch of religious situation of the subcontinen
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Gasanov, Elinur Liatif. "Research of historic-arhaeological relocations of Ganja city based on the study of craftsmanship samples." Revista Arheologică 21, no. 1 (2025): 215–25. https://doi.org/10.52603/ra.xxi.1.2025_14.

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In scientific paper on the basis of numerous scientific works, the reasons for the displacement of Ganja city, which has a very ancient and honorable historical past, at different times, the conditions that made possible the historical and geographical change of the area, are studied. sources, written sources, archaeological and ethnographic material evidence. Based on various local and international archaeological and ethnographic expeditions and excavations conducted by local and foreign researchers and archaeologists in the territory of city over the past two centuries, the historical and c
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Agzamova, Nozima. "Analysis of Studies on The History of Early Christian Communities." Indonesian Culture and Religion Issues 2, no. 1 (2025): 10. https://doi.org/10.47134/diksima.v2i1.168.

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This study aims to analyze the primary sources and historiographical approaches in studying early Christian communities. Using a historical and textual analysis method, the research examines canonical and apocryphal sources, apologetic writings, and archaeological evidence to understand the development of Christian thought and its institutionalization. The results highlight the role of early Christian literature, the influence of theological debates, and the historical narratives shaping Christian traditions. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of religious historiography and inter
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Mokhtar, Noor Aisyah. "The Building of A’Famosa Malacca on The Ruins of The Grand Mosque of Melaka – Based on Historical Records." Jurnal Kejuruteraan si6, no. 1 (2023): 509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-si6(1)-41.

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Melaka Sultanate Kingdom through its long centuries ruling must have majestic civilisation as lots of historical records by Europeans voyagers mentioned the great and powerful kingdom of Melaka during the Melaka Sultanate Empire - especially its Grand Mosque. Despite the many records of the mosque, its existence was still doubtful and questionable because there was no clear or obvious physical evidence that can be used as a basis support to the legitimacy of its existence. Thus, this study aims to uncover and identify historical evidence which state the validity of the its existence. The scope
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Markus, Manfred. "Joseph Wright’s sources in the English Dialect Dictionary: evidence of spoken English from EDD Online." Dialectologia et Geolinguistica 29, no. 1 (2021): 77–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dialect-2021-0005.

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Abstract Linguists of historical English, of traditional dialects and present-day varieties of English, generally rely on written texts, now often available in the form of corpora. However, the historical development of English, including its regional dialects, was naturally rooted in the spoken vernacular, rather than the literary standard. This paper, based on EDD Online (3.0), therefore, argues that the wealth of sources as used by Wright in his comprehensive English Dialect Dictionary (EDD) should no longer be disregarded, given that no better information is available. After a critical ass
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Watt, Paul. "Street Music in London in the Nineteenth Century: ‘Evidence’ from Charles Dickens, Charles Babbage and Lucy Broadwood." Nineteenth-Century Music Review 15, no. 1 (2017): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479409817000040.

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What evidence is there that street music was widespread, problematic and immoral in nineteenth-century London? This article re-examines a substantial literature that has been used to build a case or argument of the pervasive notion that street music was a curse in nineteenth-century London. Looking at a variety of sources afresh the article argues that historical evidence has often been misunderstood, misread or misconstrued in establishing historical narratives about street music in nineteenth-century London.
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Houlton, B. Z., S. L. Morford, and R. A. Dahlgren. "Convergent evidence for widespread rock nitrogen sources in Earth’s surface environment." Science 360, no. 6384 (2018): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aan4399.

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Nitrogen availability is a pivotal control on terrestrial carbon sequestration and global climate change. Historical and contemporary views assume that nitrogen enters Earth’s land-surface ecosystems from the atmosphere. Here we demonstrate that bedrock is a nitrogen source that rivals atmospheric nitrogen inputs across major sectors of the global terrestrial environment. Evidence drawn from the planet’s nitrogen balance, geochemical proxies, and our spatial weathering model reveal that ~19 to 31 teragrams of nitrogen are mobilized from near-surface rocks annually. About 11 to 18 teragrams of
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Minyar-Belorucheva, A. "Primary Sources as a Means of Intertemporal Communication: Linguistic Aspect." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 14, no. 1 (2025): 7–14. https://doi.org/10.12737/2587-9103-2025-14-1-7-14.

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The article examines the role of historical sources as a means of communication connecting the past, the present and the future, and providing historians with the possibility of studying the historical past by obtaining raw information and firsthand evidence of the bygone events. The relevance of this paper is determined by the value of the information contained in the medieval chronicles. Historical sources serve the foundation of the historical research fostering the reconstruction of the events that had occurred more than a thousand years before. As historical sources are diverse, their sel
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Ceruzis, Raimonds. "Origin and understanding of the geographical term “Baltics”: historical evidence from the 19th and 20th century." Folia Geographica 20, no. 2 (2023): 90–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/fg.20.2.10.

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The aim of this study is to explain the historical origin, development and understanding of the geographical term “Baltic” or “Baltics”. A wide range of local and foreign historical sources have been used for the study. Applied historical sources show the use of term by different ethnic groups in local society as well as abroad. Events of two centuries are marking a different trend in the semantical content of the term. The results of the study show that period of the rule of Russian Empire over the Baltics is closely connected with a rather narrow understanding of the concept, which was forme
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Sun, Jia Ze, Guo Hua Geng, and Xiao Ying Pan. "D-S Algorithm Based on SCO for Matching Fragments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 1876–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.1876.

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The Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory is an effective method for uncertain information fusion. Because multiple evidences from different sources of different importance or reliability in the reassembling fractured 3D objects are not equally important when they are combined. This paper presents a social cognitive optimization algorithm (SCO) to generate optimal evidence weight values based on historical training data. In the algorithm, a constrained nonlinear optimized model is established, which is solved by SCO. Compared with the two methods, optimization weight D-S proves more effective
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Bondi, Marina, and Annalisa Sezzi. "Evidence (re)presentation and evidentials in popular and academic history: facts and sources speaking for themselves." Kalbotyra 69, no. 69 (2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/klbt.2016.10365.

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The paper pivots around the different roles of evidentials and the different ways in which evidence is represented in the discourse of popular and academic history, thereby exploring the dynamics of both genres from a discourse analytical perspective. The analysis is based on two corpora of academic and popular articles on history. In particular, it is focused on those lexico-grammatical resources for tracing the speaker’s source and mode of information that constitute the distinguishing features of the two genres. The analysis shows that the high frequency of saw in popular articles refers to
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