Relevant bibliographies by topics / History, 20th Century – United States – Interview

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'History, 20th Century – United States – Interview'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "History, 20th Century – United States – Interview"

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Rabins, Peter V. "The History of Psychogeriatrics in the United States." International Psychogeriatrics 11, no. 4 (December 1999): 371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610299005980.

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During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, elderly individuals with severe mental illness living in the United States were cared for in state-run facilities that went by various names (asylums, psychopathic hospitals, state hospitals, state mental hospitals, and medical centers). Since the beginning of the 20th century, approximately 20% of patients in state hospital facilities had brain diseases such as dementia, usually complicated by behavioral disorder.
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Lemon, James. "Plans for Early 20th-Century Toronto." Articles 18, no. 1 (August 7, 2013): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017821ar.

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On several occasions in the early twentieth century, advocates of urban planning proposed significant measures for altering the layout of Toronto streets. Planning historians often have proposed that an interest in beautification was superseded by a focus on efficiency by the 1920s, but Toronto's plans largely were lost amidst private development processes and business cycles. Confusion over planning priorities, the short-term perspectives of politicians, and a lack of urgency also impeded city and regional planning. Toronto experienced less planning initiatives than major United-States cities.
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Crafts, Nicholas, and Alexander Klein. "Spatial concentration of manufacturing industries in the United States: re-examination of long-run trends." European Review of Economic History 25, no. 2 (January 27, 2021): 223–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ereh/heaa027.

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Abstract We re-examine the long-run geographical development of US manufacturing industries using recent advances in spatial concentration measures. We construct spatially weighted indices of the geographical concentration between 1880 and 2007 taking into account industrial structure and checkerboard problem. New results emerge. Average spatial concentration was much lower in the late 20th than in the late 19th century, and it was the outcome of a continuing reduction over time. Spatial concentration did not increase in the early 20th century but declined, and we find no inverted-U shape pattern of long-run spatial concentration. The persistent tendency to greater spatial dispersion was characteristic of most industries.
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Yamin, P. "Inventing the Modern American Family: Family Values and Social Change in 20th Century United States." Journal of American History 100, no. 3 (November 1, 2013): 883–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jat497.

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De Ville, Kennethe. "Medical Malpractice in Twentieth Century United States: The Interaction of Technology, Law, and Culture." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 14, no. 2 (1998): 196–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300012198.

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AbstractAlthough medical malpractice litigation in the United States has generated extensive professional and scholarly attention, few analyses of the issue have explored its underlying causes. This essay develops and employs an historical framework to explain the late 20th century phenomenon and concludes that widespread medical malpractice suits are the result of a combination of short-term topical causes and long-term cultural changes that are ignored or left untouched by most reform efforts. Most importantly, however, the development and proliferation of new and improved medical technologies has played a pivotal role throughout the entire history of the litigation, an effect that has become most prominent and important in the last third of the 20th century.
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Warner, John Harley. "The Humanizing Power of Medical History: Responses to Biomedicine in the 20th-Century United States." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 77 (April 2013): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.03.090.

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Warner, J. H. "The humanising power of medical history: responses to biomedicine in the 20th century United States." Medical Humanities 37, no. 2 (July 31, 2011): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2011-010034.

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Skop, Emily, and Wei Li. "Diaspora in the United States: Chinese and Indians Compared." Journal of Chinese Overseas 6, no. 2 (2010): 286–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/179325410x526131.

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AbstractIn recent years, the migration rates from both China and India to the U.S. have accelerated. Since 2000 more than a third of foreign-born Chinese and 40% of foreign-born Indians have arrived in that country. This paper will document the evolving patterns of immigration from China and India to the U.S. by tracing the history of immigration and racial discrimination, the dramatic transitions that have occurred since the mid-20th century, and the current demographic and socioeconomic profiles of these two migrant groups.
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Chireau, Yvonne. "Looking for Black Religions in 20th Century Comics, 1931–1993." Religions 10, no. 6 (June 25, 2019): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10060400.

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Relationships between religion and comics are generally unexplored in the academic literature. This article provides a brief history of Black religions in comic books, cartoons, animation, and newspaper strips, looking at African American Christianity, Islam, Africana (African diaspora) religions, and folk traditions such as Hoodoo and Conjure in the 20th century. Even though the treatment of Black religions in the comics was informed by stereotypical depictions of race and religion in United States (US) popular culture, African American comics creators contested these by offering alternatives in their treatment of Black religion themes.
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Schmidt, Josef M. "Die Entwicklung der Homöopathie in den Vereinigten Staaten." Gesnerus 51, no. 1-2 (November 27, 1994): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0510102007.

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After an enormous spread in the United States of America during the 19th century homeopathy had almost completely vanished from the scene by the beginning of the 20th century. For the past two decades, however, it seems once again to experience a kind of renaissance. Major aspects of this development—in terms of medical and cultural history, sociology, politics, and economics—are illustrated on the basis of a general history of homeopathy in the United States. Using original sources, a first attempt is made to reconstruct the history of homeopathy in San Francisco which has some institutional peculiarities that make it unique within the whole country.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "History, 20th Century – United States – Interview"

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Whiting, Sarah. "The jungle in the clearing : space, form and democracy in America, 1940-1949." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8748.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2001.
"February 2001."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 237-248).
Combining aesthetic theory with theories of the public sphere, this dissertation examines the brief appearance of a publicly empathetic civic realm in the United States during the 1940s. The argument begins with a reevaluation of the debate over monumentality initiated in modernist architectural circles, which included such figures as Sigfried Giedion, Lewis Mumford, Henry-Russell Hitchcock, and Philip Johnson. Centering on the city, this debate recast monumentality in terms more progressive than commemorative; it posited open-ended architectural and urban strategies that offered a non-restrictive yet sympathetic public resonance. If empathy is understood as the viewer's physical and psychological engagement with an object, then the 'publicly empathetic' collects and communicates the public 's individualized engagements. The term 'publicly empathetic' underscores the distinction between totalitarian consensus, exemplified by the modernism of Mussolini's fascist Italy, and what Alexis de Tocqueville identified in 1835 as America's collective individualism, which persisted in the 1940s under the umbrella of Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. Springboarding from Ernst Cassirer and Susanne Langer's philosophies of symbolic form as unconsummated symbol, I argue that the modernism of this period did not define the public but rather expressed architecture's publicness through the recasting of form, programming, and modernism's public mandate. The chapters of this dissertation examine in turn the texts, projects and urbanism of this empathetic modernism. The projects constituting this realm are both public and private in nature; they include Charles Franklin and ...
by Sarah Whiting.
Ph.D.
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Hubbell, Gaines S. "A brief history of topical invention in 20th century United States rhetorical studies." Thesis, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3727031.

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This dissertation is a history of topical invention in U.S. rhetorical studies. Topical invention is the procedurally structured and/or organized thinking-out of propositions in text, speech, or other symbolic products; it is the structured and systematized method of invention originally developed by Aristotle, often referred to by the Greek topoi or the Latin loci. Although it goes by many names in recent history, topical invention has a structure based on Michael Leff’s definition of topical invention that shares five common aspects: data, claims or conclusions, linkages, sources, and topics. Data are some set of contextual knowledge, claims or conclusions are statements that express a truth value based on data, linkages are the expressed or implicit relationship between data and claims or conclusions, sources are methods for finding linkages, and topics are the naming of discrete entities in a system for invention.

This history selects texts dealing with topical invention in U.S. rhetorical studies discourse published between 1914 and 2014. A text was considered to be dealing with topical invention if it had an explicit discussion of topical invention or a discussion matching the structure of topical invention. U.S. rhetorical studies is the discourse community present in journals published by the four major United States professional societies studying rhetoric—the National Communication Association, the National Council of Teachers of English, the Rhetoric Society of America, and the American Society for the History of Rhetoric—and the publications Philosophy & Rhetoric and Rhetoric Review. Texts were selected and interpreted using a deconstructive reading and pluralistic and idiographic ideologies of history.

Although work on topical invention in the last century has neither a single coherent concept nor consistent terminology, it maintains a deep structure in which topics identify the sources for linkages that connect claims and conclusions to the data upon which they are based. This structure can be used to identify instances of topical invention in scholarly discussions and to analyze the shifts, trends, developments, and changes in topical invention over the last 100 years. The changes to, various conceptions of, and potential future developments for topical invention as evidenced by its shifting structure across the last century are presented in this dissertation.

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MacDonald, Alexander M. "Decorated Vitrolite pigmented structural glass : its development, applications, and methods of production, 1907-1958." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1327783.

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Pigmented structural glass started being produced in the early years of the twentieth century, reached its height in popularity during the 1930's, and was no longer produced by 1960s. Vitrolite was one of the most popular brands of pigmented structural glass, It was first used as a white glass background for decalcomania advertisements and as cladding in areas were sanitation was desired. Several types of applied decoration were developed for Vitrolite that helped to expand it's applications in building beyond sanitary applications. These types of decoration include painted, sand-blasted, inlaid, laminated, agate, and surface textured designs. Decorated Vitrolite was commonly used on store fronts, in signage, and for restaurant interiors and lobbies. All decorated Vitrolite was completed in the Vitrolite factory prior to shipping to customers. The processes of creating the various types of ornamentation, how they developed, and their applications are the focus of this thesis.
Department of Architecture
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Probert, Thomas John William. "The politics of human rights in the United States of America and in the United Kingdom, 1963-76." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648500.

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Wang, Chongyuan, and 王重圆. "Taiwan's propaganda activities in the United States, 1971-1979." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50605847.

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In the 1970s, Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC),suffered a series of diplomatic setbacks. Nixon’s visit to Beijing in 1972 preluded the normalization between the United States (US) and the People’s Republic of China (PRC), as well as the estrangement between the Republic of China (ROC)and the US. A year before, Taiwan was forced to withdraw from the United Nations (UN). Many countries then ceased to cooperate with Taiwan and turned to the PRC. This made Taiwan the “Orphan of Asia”. To survive and prevent further isolation, Taiwan rallied support from the international community, especially the US, its old ally. It strengthened propaganda in the US and attempted to build a prosperous and democratic image of itself. It sought to appeal to the American public. This thesis investigates Taiwan’s propaganda activities in the US and explores how the Kuomintang (KMT) government built a favorable image of Taiwan during the 1970s. The most notable propaganda organization of the ROC was the Government Information Office (GIO). The GIO’s overseas branch in New York, the Chinese Information Service, launched propaganda campaigns in the US through organizing political, economic and cultural activities. Although the GIO was centrally responsible for propaganda, the execution of the campaigns was a product of collaboration between various government organizations. This thesis analyzes the GIO’s responsibilities within this network of collaboration. The thesis then explores the variety of Taiwan’s propaganda strategies. The KMT tried very hard to solicit support from different sectors in the US. They appealed to the general public by launching advertising campaigns, cultural exhibitions and art performances. Apart from the general public, they also targeted reporters, members of Congress and scholars by offering material benefits including free trips to Taiwan and academic funding. Several public relation firms were also hired to publicize Taiwan in the US media. Some of these publicity campaigns were even illegal. The overseas Chinese formed a large constituent to the Taiwan government’s propaganda efforts. However, the overseas Chinese were not a singular group of people and recognizing this, the GIO tailored their campaigns accordingly. Taiwan wooed Chinatown leaders by giving them financial benefits and educated Chinatown residents through controlling the Chinese media and Chinese language schools. Meanwhile, the KMT threatened and punished Taiwan Independence Movement supporters in American universities. They also made attempts to re-educate these supporters and their families in and out of Taiwan. Through these activities, Taiwan hoped to create an illusion that the KMT supporters were not limited to people in Taiwan, but included the majority of Chinese around the world. By examining Taiwan’s propaganda organizations and strategies in the 1970s, the thesis aims to expand our knowledge of US-PRC-ROC relations in the 1970s, and show how Taiwan adapted to the changing international environment.
published_or_final_version
History
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Heath, Karen Patricia. "Conservatives and the politics of art, 1950-88." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d62a078b-4009-40a8-8765-1a4f5e0fbcbc.

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This thesis offers a new policy history of the National Endowment for the Arts, the federal agency responsible for providing grants to artists and arts organisations in the United States. It focuses in particular on the development of conservative perspectives on federal arts funding from the 1950s to the 1980s, and hence, illuminates the broader evolution of conservative political power, especially its limits. The most familiar narrative holds that the Endowment found itself caught up in the Culture Wars of the late 1980s when Christian right groups objected to certain federal grants, particularly to Andres Serrano's Piss Christ and Robert Mapplethorpe's Self-Portrait with Whip. This thesis, however, uncovers the older origins of conservative opposition to state support for the arts, analyses conservative conceptions of art, and illuminates the limited federal role the right sought to secure in the arts in the post-war period. Numerous studies have analysed the meanings and origins of the Culture Wars, but until now, scholars had not examined conservative approaches to federal arts politics in a historical sense. Historians have generally been too interested in explaining change to the detriment of examining continuity, but this approach under-emphasises the long-term tensions that underlie seemingly sudden political eruptions. This work also offers a deep account of the conservative movement and the arts world, an area that has so far been almost completely ignored by scholars, even though a focus on marginalised players is essential to understanding the limits of conservatism. In a general sense then, this thesis evaluates the range and diversity of the conservative movement and illuminates the overall odyssey of the right in modern America. In so doing, it provides a new insight into the ways we periodise political history and also invites a broader view of how we understand politics itself.
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Harmsworth, Thomas. "Gary Snyder's green Dharma." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e4c2e123-0b71-45c9-8535-eb09ac8cfa15.

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Twentieth-century environmentalist discourse often laid the blame for environmental degradation on Western civilization, and presented the religious traditions of the East as offering an ecocentric antidote to Western dualism and anthropocentrism. Gary Snyder has looked to Chinese and Japanese Buddhism to inform his environmentalist poetry and prose. While Snyder often writes in terms of a dualism of East and West, he synthesizes traditional forms of Buddhism with various Western traditions, and his green Buddhism ultimately undermines more simplistic oppositions of East and West. The first chapter reads Snyder's writing of the mid-1950s alongside several of his West Coast contemporaries - Kenneth Rexroth, Allen Ginsberg, Michael McClure, Philip Whalen and Jack Kerouac - showing that these writers evoked the natural world together with Buddhist themes before the advent of the modern environmental movement in order to mount a critique of Cold War American culture. Snyder's early interest in Buddhism was motivated largely by translations of Chinese poetry and Chapter Two examines his own translations of the Tang Dynasty poet Hanshan. In Snyder's translations and contemporaneous original poetry, Buddhist poetics mingle with American conceptions of wilderness. Chapter Three shows how Snyder's Buddhism was influenced by Anglophone writers such as D.T. Suzuki and Alan Watts, and argues that from the late 1960s Snyder aimed to Americanize Buddhism as ideas of localism became more central to his environmentalism. Chapter Four examines Snyder's synthesis of Hua-yen Buddhism and Western scientific ecology in the 1970s and 1980s. Chapter Five examines 'The Hokkaido Book,' an unfinished prose work on environmental attitudes in the Far East in which Snyder considers the relationship between the civilized and the primitive. Chapter Six examines the influence of Chinese landscape painting and Japanese No drama, two forms steeped in Buddhist ideas, on the poems of 'Mountains' and 'Rivers Without End'.
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Byers, Mark. "After the new failure of nerve : Charles Olson and American modernism, 1946-1951." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:02478ea1-832a-4ecc-9c47-a264ba746c49.

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One medium has dominated accounts of American art in the years following the Second World War. The period witnessed, in the words of one critic, a 'Triumph of American Painting', with advances in the easel picture far surpassing those in other media. Whilst more recent accounts have nuanced this view, drawing attention to developments in music and sculpture, literary contributions to the new American modernism have gone almost without assessment. Were there advances in literature comparable to those of Mark Rothko and Barnett Newman, David Smith and John Cage? Drawing extensively on his unpublished writings, After the New Failure of Nerve reveals the poet Charles Olson to have been the keenest literary advocate of the new American avant-garde and one of the most astute observers of its conditions and possibilities. Paying special attention to unpublished notes, lectures, and correspondence, the thesis utilises Olson's early writings in order to examine the momentum given early postwar modernism by a potent contemporary reaction against abstract rationality, a reaction identified at the time as a 'New Failure of Nerve'. Born of recent disillusionment with 'scientific' Marxism and New Deal progressivism, the thesis demonstrates the several ways in which this 'New Failure of Nerve' fuelled vanguard American art from the middle of the Second World War to the end of the decade. It argues that the new critique of abstract rationality - which was also reflected in the contemporary American work of the Frankfurt School - defined the way American artists understood the function of postwar modernism, the posture of the postwar modernist artist, and the status of the postwar modernist artwork. This pivotal moment in the history of modernism was shaped, I contend, by a philosophical critique explored most ambitiously by an American poet.
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Roush, Edward W. (Edward Wesley). "The Emergence of Christian Television: the First Decade, 1949-1959." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc504286/.

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The purpose of this research was to describe the relationship and to compare the programming of major Christian ministries during the first decade of Christian television. A historical perspective was the method used in identifying and explaining the events and activities that constituted Christian television from 1949 to 1959. The results of the research concluded that Christian television began at a time of social trauma, unrest, and confusion in America. Competition for a viewing audience was not a factor. Leading personalities presented themselves as independent thinkers who also saw themselves as "preachers" with a strong desire to succeed. Motivation was provided by a sense of "dominion" that emerged from the Great Awakenings within the churches of America that became a driving force in the first three decades of this century.
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MacNeill, Molly. "Church and state : public education and the American religious right." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21237.

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In the late 1970's and 1980's, education issues formed a pivotal part of the American religious conservative agenda. The issues of school prayer, textbook content and the teaching of evolution in particular inspired lively debate and committed activism on the part of conservative Protestant leaders and activists. Confronting the behemoth of secular humanism, these leaders sought to win converts and to foment action in the converted through two separate modes of rhetoric: the emotional, which used impassioned arguments, and the intellectual, a more phlegmatic approach used to achieve political ends. Finding their roots in the 1920's, conservative Protestants have placed paramount importance on education issues throughout American history, believing that the United States is a fundamentally Christian nation, founded on a normative Protestant world view, and that American children should be taught according to these principles.
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Books on the topic "History, 20th Century – United States – Interview"

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Libby, Van Cleve, ed. Composer's voices from Ives to Ellington: An oral history of American music. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005.

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Raymond Adams: A life of mind and muscle. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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Oliver, Stone, ed. On history: Tariq Ali and Oliver Stone in conversation. Chicago, Ill: Haymarket Books, 2011.

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Michael, Wreszin, ed. Interviews with Dwight Macdonald. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2003.

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Preston, Daniel. 20th century United States history. New York, N.Y: Harper Perennial, 1992.

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The United States in the 20th century. New York: Scholastic Reference, 1995.

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Philip, Johnson. Philip Johnson: Turning point. Wien: Springer, 1996.

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1962-, Lewis Hilary, and O'Connor John T, eds. Philip Johnson: The architect in his own words. New York: Rizzoli, 1994.

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McGilligan, Patrick. Tender comrades: A backstory of the Hollywood blacklist. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012.

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Herringshaw, DeAnn. The United States enters the 20th century. Ann Arbor, Mich: Cherry Lake Pub., 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "History, 20th Century – United States – Interview"

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"Organization and Innovation in the Early 20th Century 1898–1928." In History of Professional Nursing in the United States. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826133137.0006.

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Russell, Gül A. "A variation on forced migration: Wilhelm Peters (Prussia via Britain to Turkey) and Muzafer Sherif (Turkey to the United States)." In Forced Migration in the History of 20th Century Neuroscience and Psychiatry, 95–122. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315187877-6.

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Peters, Enrique Dussel. "Mexico–United States–China." In China, The United States, and the Future of Latin America, edited by David B. H. Denoon. NYU Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479899289.003.0005.

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Mexico and the United States share a long history of political, military, social, immigration, cultural and economic relations. Mexico has been among the three main trading partners of the US in recent decades, while the US has been the top trading partner of Mexico since statistics have been available. This chapter examines the “new triangular relationship” between the US, Mexico, and China, particularly from a Mexican perspective. With the global reemergence of China since the last decade of the 20th century, the relationship between Mexico and the US has substantially shifted in a variety of ways. The analysis first focuses on the general socioeconomic triangular relationship of Mexico with the US and China, based on a literature review; issues involving Chinese trade and foreign direct investment (FDI), are highlighted, as well as the overall relationship of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) with China. The next section discusses topics concerning this triangular relationship that are currently being analyzed in Mexico, particularly regarding China. The final part of the analysis concentrates on the main characteristics of this “new triangular relationship,” policy questions, and future research issues.
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Mizock, Lauren, and Zlatka Russinova. "The History of the Treatment of Mental Illness." In Acceptance of Mental Illness, 1–16. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190204273.003.0001.

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Chapter 1 reviews the history of psychiatric treatment of people with mental illness in the United States and Western Europe, highlighting past perspectives in care, such as ancient trephination and exorcism during the demonology era, humorism in early Greek and Roman thought, a return to demonological perspectives in the Middle Ages, as well as mesmerism and psychoanalysis in the 19th and 20th centuries. The 20th-century biological perspective is described, including the use of insulin shock therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, and lobotomy. Next, the development of more humane treatment approaches is discussed, such as the moral treatment movement of the 1800s. The ex-patient’s movement of the 1970s is reviewed, leading up to the contemporary recovery-oriented and psychosocial rehabilitation models of care. The impact of stigma on the acceptance of serious mental illness is explored throughout this history. Discussion questions, activities, and diagrams are also included.
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Cordell, Rosanne M. "A Short History of Instruction in the Use of Libraries." In Professional Development and Workplace Learning, 1–10. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8632-8.ch001.

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Instruction in the use of academic libraries has a long history but was not well established as a permanent and formal part of academic libraries in the United States until well into the 20th century. It has taken many forms, but none are likely to be maintained as formal programs unless measures are taken to move them beyond the status of the efforts of single individuals. The development of information literacy as an area of study coincided with the institutionalization of instruction programs and has given academic context and form to the curricula for instruction in the use of academic libraries.
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Baker, Sarah E., and Erica Hua Fletcher. "The Public Psychiatrist in History." In Public and Community Psychiatry, 3–30. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190907914.003.0002.

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Just as the patient’s history is important to understanding his or her current situation, an understanding of the social, economic, and political forces that have shaped public psychiatry can offer insight into the public psychiatrist’s contemporary role in the United States. This chapter reviews the many historical factors that shaped the field’s development and that continue to motivate system transformation within public psychiatry today. It explores psychiatry’s shifting understanding of mental illness and treatment, alongside the rise and fall of the asylum movement and the evolution of outpatient psychiatry in the early 20th century and beyond. Then, it describes national legislation that led to the deinstitutionalization movement, the fragmentation of social services in the 1980s and 1990s, and the efforts of patient advocates that resulted in public psychiatry’s adoption of recovery-oriented services under the George W. Bush administration. Last, this chapter provides context to mental health parity laws under the Affordable Care Act.
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Chaney, Anthony. "The Hurly-Burly of Natural History." In Runaway. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469631738.003.0004.

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This chapter investigates how double-bind theory was received by the psychiatric community with respect to contested views of the etiology and treatment of schizophrenia. A moral model of schizophrenia is contrasted with a medical model of an earlier, more rigorously defined dementia praecox. The treatment of schizophrenics in the United States, especially during and after the world wars, is described as pragmatic and eclectic. The double-bind theory's environmental, biological, interactive model of the disease was met with hope among clinicians and helped shape new treatments such as group therapy and family therapy. As the double-bind group continued its work, Gregory Bateson was conflicted with his research team over fundamental matters of science: he recommended an approach that focused on pattern and relationship; they, more conventionally, focused on substance and measurement. His collaboration with Frieda Fromm-Reichmann lead to the Natural History of an Interview research project. It also took Bateson further from clinical work and toward research with octopi and the editing of the journals of an early 19th-century schizophrenic, later published as Perceval's Narrative.
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Barbin, Évelyne. "From experimental to theoretical geometry in new pedagogical movements at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries (1872-1906)." In “DIG WHERE YOU STAND” 6. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on the History of Mathematics Education, 219–32. WTM-Verlag Münster, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37626/ga9783959871686.0.17.

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There exist many historical works on the new pedagogical movements in the beginning of the 20th century, at the level of one country and at the international level also. Our purpose is to focus on teaching of geometry with comparing situations in four countries: United Kingdom, France, Germany and United States. We show that, behind the agreements, there are deep differences in relation with questions posed by geometrical teaching. We use two kinds of materials, discussions and textbooks, and we specially examine the questions on parallels definitions and their introduction in teaching. Keywords: laboratory method, concrete geometry, experimental geometry, intuitive geometry, practical geometry, rational geometry, Émile Borel, Carlo Bourlet, John Dewey, George Halsted, Julius Henrici, Adelia Hornbrook, Jules Houël, Charles Méray, Eliakim Moore, John Perry, Peter Treutlein.
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Fox, Karin. "The Natural History of the Normal First Stage of Labor." In 50 Studies Every Obstetrician-Gynecologist Should Know, 97–102. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190947088.003.0018.

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This article provides a summary of a landmark study on labor, in a large, multicenter modern cohort of women with singleton, vertex gestations. Emanuel Friedman published his original labor curve showing the expected progression of normal labor in 1955, and that for multiparous patients in 1956.2,3 He plotted the individual labor progression of 500 nulliparous laboring women from a single center to calculate the average progression of labor. In his cohort, 70% of whom were between 20 and 30 years old, many were Caucasian, and 55% of women were delivered via forceps. Dr. Friedman classically identified the second stage of labor starting at 4cm dilatation. Since the mid-20th century, many practice patterns have changed, and today’s population of women delivering in the United States is diverse and, on average, older and heavier than in 1955; therefore, use of the traditional labor curve has been questioned. The investigators in this study performed a secondary analysis of data from a multicenter cohort of 26,838 patients with singleton gestation, spontaneous labor, and normal outcomes. Using a sophisticated statistical approach Zhang et al. produced a modern labor curve.
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Greco, Albert N. "The Product and Pricing of Scholarly Books." In The Business of Scholarly Publishing, 96–140. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190626235.003.0004.

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Scholarly book publishing and printing has a long tradition, starting with Oxford University Press (1478) and Cambridge University Press (1584). The American colonies, and later the United States, lived in the shadow of these two great presses. While many of the US presses today are quite large, with global operations, they were, in the late 19th century and the early years of the 20th century, far from the professional operations of today. This chapter gives an introduction to book history in the United Kingdom and the United States with an emphasis on university presses and competition from commercial publishers for authors, readers, and sales. It provides a review of substantive market drivers, revenues, new title output, and production costs. A sample book contract and profit and loss statement (for a hardcover and digital book) are presented and analyzed.
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Conference papers on the topic "History, 20th Century – United States – Interview"

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Vandenbergh, Alex. "Terra Cotta Flat Arches: A Historic Modern-Day Challenge." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2542.

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<p>At the turn of the 20th century, terra cotta flat arches (TCFA’s) were a popular floor system in steel framed buildings for industrial and office construction in the United States. These arches were lighter but just as fireproof as standard brick arches, and were designed empirically using proprietary allowable load tables, which were based mostly on load testing.</p><p>In the 21st century, the proprietary nature of the TCFA makes evaluating these systems problematic for the modern engineer, architect, and contractor. Renovations of buildings with TCFA floor assemblies typically will have new penetrations as well as altered loading conditions from its original construction.</p><p>It is important for all parties involved in the design and construction process of a renovation to understand the history, mechanisms, and limitations of TCFAs in order to have a successful renovation from both a design and a cost perspective. Conversely, renovating a building without the proper knowledge or experience with the existing materials can lead to change orders, time overruns, and most importantly life safety risks.</p><p>This paper is a summary of a presentation given by the same author to the Association for Preservation Technology (APT) conference in September, 2018. A more in-depth paper by the same author and colleagues Derek Trelstad and Rebecca Buntrock will appear as an article in the APT Bulletin in 2019.</p>
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