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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'History – Arizona'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Murphy, John T. "The Arizona Anthropologist: History, Heritage, and Prospects." University of Arizona, Department of Anthropology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/110028.

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2

Young, Don W. "The History of Cattle Grazing in Arizona." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296478.

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3

PEIFFER, REBECCA TESS. "UNCOVERING ARIZONA’S CHILDHOOD: A HISTORY OF CHILDREN IN TURN-OF-THE-CENTURY ARIZONA." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613389.

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This project seeks to understand the cultural complexities of life in Arizona from 1900-1920 from the perspective of the children that grew up during this time. Children reflect the societal norms of their time, yet also change and add to existing cultural practices as they develop. Their interactions with the unique culture of Arizona reveals a great deal about the specific ways culture changed and developed over this period. Various history classes and supplemental research provide context for this period in Arizonan history. Borderlands theory helps tie together seemingly disparate cultural threads from the archives. Memoirs of children and students from different cultural groups give children a voice in the story, while other sources that discuss children provide background on the views of children during this period. This study reveals that though Anglo culture dominated during this period, this required white community leaders to actively push against the natural blending of culture throughout the region, occurring in large part due to the mixed cultural upbringing of children.
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4

Ffolliott, Peter F., Leonard F. DeBano, and Malchus B. Jr Baker. "A Short History of the Arizona Watershed Program." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296489.

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5

Shapiro, Erik-Anders 1956. "Cotton in Arizona: A historical geography." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291975.

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This thesis is a historical geography of cotton production in Arizona from the prehistoric Hohokam cotton farms to the large-scale agribusiness operations that dominate modern Arizona agriculture. The purpose is to chart the expansion and distribution of cotton production and identify important cultural, biological, and physical factors that have influenced cotton planting decisions and so contributed to the evolution of Arizona's commercial cotton production region. In a final analysis, the businesses that are backward- and forward-linked to the growers--such as banks, agricultural implement and agricultural chemical dealers, and cotton ginners and cottonseed processors--have more responsibility in the evolution and endurance of Arizona's cotton production region than do the growers.
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6

Smith, C. C. "Some Unpublished History of the Southwest." Arizona State Historian (Phoenix, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623653.

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7

Gottfried, Gerald J., and Daniel G. Neary. "THE SIERRA ANCHA EXPERIMENTAL FOREST, ARIZONA: A BRIEF HISTORY." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621696.

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The availability of adequate and reliable water supplies has always been a critical concern in central Arizona since prehistoric times. The early European settlers in 1868 initially utilized the ancient Hohokam Indian canal system which drew water from the Salt River. However, the river fluctuated with periods of drought and periods of high flows which destroyed the diversion structures. The settlers proposed a dam to store water and to regulate flows. In 1903, the Salt River Water Users Association was formed and an agreement was reached with the U.S. Government for the construction of a dam on the Salt River at its junction with Tonto Creek. The Salt River drains more than 4,306 square miles (mi2) from the White Mountains of eastern Arizona to the confluence with Tonto Creek. Tonto Creek drains a 1,000-mi2 watershed above the confluence. The agreement was authorized under the Reclamation Act of 1902. The Theodore Roosevelt Dam was started in 1905, completed in 1911, and dedicated in 1911 (Salt River Project 2002). The dam has the capacity to store 2.9 million acre-feet (af) of water. However, between 1909 and 1925, 101,000 af of sediment were accumulated behind Roosevelt Dam (Rich 1961). Much of it came from erosion on the granitic soils from the chaparral lands above the reservoir, and much of the erosion was blamed on overgrazing by domestic livestock. Water users were concerned that accelerated sedimentation would eventually compromise the capacity of the dam to hold sufficient water for downstream demands. The Tonto National Forest was originally created to manage the watershed above Roosevelt Dam and to prevent siltation. The Summit Plots, located between Globe, Arizona, and Lake Roosevelt were established in 1925 by the U.S. Department of Agriculture to study the effects of vegetation recovery, mechanical stabilization, and plant cover changes on stormflows and sediment yields from the lower chaparral zone (Rich 1961). The area initially was part of the Crook National Forest which was later added to the Tonto National Forest. The Summit Watersheds consisted of nine small watersheds ranging in size from 0.37 to 1.23 acres (ac). Elevations are between 3,636 and 3,905 feet (ft). The treatments included: exclusion of livestock and seeding grasses, winter grazing, hardware cloth check dams, grubbing brush, sloping gullies and grass seeding. Protection from grazing did not pro duce changes in runoff or sedimentation. Treatments that reduced surface runoff also reduced erosion. Hardware cloth check dams reduce total erosion, and mulch plus grass treatments checked erosion and sediment movement. Runoff was reduced by the combined treatments (Rich 1961). The Summit Watersheds were integrated into the Parker Creek Erosion-Streamflow Station in 1932.
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8

Booth, Peter MacMillan 1963. "The Civilian Conservation Corps in Arizona, 1933-1942." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291464.

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During the early days of his administration, Franklin Delano Roosevelt established the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) to protect and enhance the nation's natural resources and speed economic recovery. He designed the agency to use unemployed young men and World War I veterans on a multitude of conservation projects. In Arizona, as the second largest funded federal program (behind the Bureau of Reclamation), the CCC significantly impacted the state in many ways. Socially, the corps reinforced American values among one segment of the population while introducing the same values to Native American peoples. Environmentally, the CCC programs altered Arizona's land use. When prosperity returned, the state's economy was more diversified and better prepared for the demands of World War II. From 1933 to 1942, the CCC not only played a vital role in transforming Arizona's economy and society but also provided a boost into the modern era.
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9

Radtke, Lisa B. "Rehabilitating historic residential landscapes: Tucson, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278806.

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Widespread rehabilitation of historic residential properties in Tucson, Arizona offers numerous benefits to the community. The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Property provides the best practical guidelines for the rehabilitation of historic landscapes, currently. However, interpreting national guidelines for use on local projects is necessary before widespread application can occur. Accordingly, the first section of this work addresses means by which the national standards might be applied to landscape rehabilitation of residential properties in Tucson, including mid to small-scale residences and historic houses of more recent construction. Because these homes often lack traditional sources of documentation, expanding research options within the design process is often necessary. The second part of this work utilizes suggested research options, including academic and non-academic sources, to synthesize information regarding local historic residential landscape practices useful in interpretive and design processes of historic landscape rehabilitation projects.
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10

DeBano, Leonard F., and Peter F. Ffolliott. "Riparian History of the Southwest." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296571.

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11

RIFFE, TERRI DEAN. "A HISTORY OF WOMEN'S SPORTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA (ATHLETICS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183782.

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The intercollegiate athletic program for women at the University of Arizona evolved from a rich heritage of activities of dedicated sportswomen. The first provision for physical pursuits on the University of Arizona campus was made in 1895 when President Howard Billman hired Gertrude Hughes to teach physical culture. From that foundation in 1895, a fully developed intercollegiate athletic program for women has developed. This study focuses on the people and events which have shaped that program. Chapter Two provides a survey of the development of women's athletics programs in both institutions of higher education and the society at large with some attention to the history of women in America in order to form a context and comparative format for the Arizona program. Chapters Three and Four center on the administrative leadership of physical education and athletics for women at the University of Arizona. The influences of Ina Gittings, Marguerite Chesney, Mary Pilgrim, and Donna Miller are presented. Chapter Five focuses on the transition period from women's club sports to an intercollegiate athletic program for women, the impact ot Title IX on the development of that program, the merging of women's athletics with men's, and the role that Mary Roby has played in the development of the University of Arizona's women's intercollegiate athletic program. From its fledgling beginning, due to the contribution of people and events, the program has developed into one of the nation's finest from which highly successful individuals and teams have emerged. The present program offers to current highly skilled female athletes at the University of Arizona the opportunity for a qualitative athletic experience in which they can maximize their capabilities both as students and athletes.
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12

Underhill, Karen Jean 1960. "Albert J. Beveridge's congressional report on Arizona Territory in 1902." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278349.

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From November 10 to November 24, 1902, a four-member subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Territories, led by Indiana Republican Albert J. Beveridge, investigated the fitness of Arizona, New Mexico, and Oklahoma for statehood. This thesis focuses on the brief hearings conducted in four Arizona towns--Prescott, Phoenix, Tucson, and Bisbee. The hearings provided a wealth of information about the economic, social, and political character of Arizona Territory at the turn of the century. Over 300 annotations illuminate the people, places, events, and industries mentioned in the hearings. Sectionalism, party politics, and personal biases influenced the type of evidence collected. The investigation and resultant document (Senate Document 36, 57 Congress, 2 Session, Serial 4420) generated a political tempest which delayed admission for a decade.
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13

Ffolliott, Peter F., Daniel G. Neary, and Gerald J. Gottfried. "A Brief History of the Hydrology Section." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296616.

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14

Fox, Gordon Allen. "Adaptation, history, and development in the evolution of a desert annual life history." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184710.

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Individuals of Eriogonum abertianum Torr. (Polygonaceae) flower in spring, or following onset of summer rains, or both. Within populations flowering time is mainly environmentally determined: there is little genetic variance for flowering time, and experimental moisture limitation significantly delays flowering. In the field a Sonoran Desert population experienced significantly more mortality during the foresummer droughts, and had a significantly greater proportion of spring-flowering plants, than a Chihuahuan Desert population. Greenhouse experiments suggest a genetic basis for differences in size and time of flowering between these populations. Fossil and biogeographic evidence support an adaptive interpretation of earlier flowering in the Sonoran Desert. A model of selection comparing spring-plus-summer flowering with spring-only flowering suggests that expected summer fecundity may not offset the risk of foresummer mortality in the Sonoran population. Rather than switching to a spring-only habit as predicted by the model, the species' range ends where summer rainfall declines abruptly. The invariance of the spring-plus-summer habit is not explained by the demographic, historical, or genetic data. Plants which live for more than a year in the wild have offspring which, in the greenhouse, live longer than the offspring of the general population. This suggests a genetic basis for the occasional observed perennation. Analysis of a quantitative genetic model suggests that when adult survivorship is low, selection will generally reduce perennation. The annual habit is thus likely to persist even in the presence of genetic variation for perennation. Optimal control models of plant carbon allocation are extended to include within-season mortality and allometric growth constraints. When parameters are varied in numerical experiments, resulting predictions for easily measurable characters (e.g., time to first flower) often vary only slightly; most differences are in fitness, suggesting that satisfactory empirical tests may be difficult to conduct. Arbitrary mortality functions can optimally lead to multiple flowering episodes, and this can depend sensitively on parameter values. Optimal trajectories with allometric constraints are divided into a period of vegetative growth and another period of mixed growth.
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15

Faulds, James E. 1957. "Tertiary geologic history of the Salt River Canyon region, Gila County, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191881.

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An early Tertiary northeast-flowing consequent drainage in the Transition Zone of east-central Arizona excavated an 1170+-m-deep, 14- to 23-km-wide, 30+-km-long, northeast-trending paleocanyon in a broad Laramide uplift west of the Canyon Creek fault, which included, but was not confined to, the Apache uplift of Davis et al. (1982). Detritus removed from the paleocanyon was deposited in the form of Eocene-early Oligocene gravels in the Flying "V" Canyon region. The northeast-flowing drainage was disrupted by down-to-the-west Oligocene normal faulting, which induced a long period of internal drainage in which the paleocanyon served as a depositional basin for Oligocene fanglomerates, the 20 m.y. Apache Leap Tuff, and Miocene fanglomerates, evaporites, and basalts. Post-14 m.y. down-to-the-west normal faulting completed the 180° Tertiary drainage reversal by permitting development of the southwest-flowing Salt River, which has partly exhumed the paleocanyon.
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16

Danzer, Shelley Rae 1951. "Fire history and stand structure in the Huachuca Mountains of Southeastern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278665.

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Historically, wildfires in mixed conifer forests of Southwestern sky islands were frequent events. Dendrochronological methods were used to reconstruct fire regimes and stand age structures in the Huachuca Mountains of Southeastern Arizona. Pre-settlement (i.e., before ca. 1870) fire intervals ranged from 4 to 10 years, with many fires spreading over the entire sample area. Stand age distributions show an increase in more shade-tolerant tree species. Although ponderosa pine is still the dominant overstory tree species, recent recruitment is predominantly southwestern white pine and Douglas-fir. Establishment of Ft. Huachuca in 1877 was a precursor to extensive use of timber, mineral, range and water resources in the Huachuca Mountains. The fire regime was altered at this time, with only one subsequent widespread surface fire recorded in 1899. Settlement era land-use practices may be responsible for changes in stand structure and composition.
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17

Lefevre, Robert E., and Daniel G. Neary. "Rucker Lake: A History of Recent Conditions Affecting a Southeastern Arizona Watershed." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296538.

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18

Kartus, Sidney. "Helen Duett Ellison Hunt." Arizona State Historian (Phoenix, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623654.

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19

Southworth, C. H. "A Pima Calendar Stick." Arizona State Historian (Phoenix, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623656.

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20

Wyllys, Rufus Kay, and Sidney Kartus. "Book Reviews." Arizona State Historian (Phoenix, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623690.

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21

Swetnam, Thomas W., Christopher H. Baisan, Peter M. Brown, and Anthony C. Caprio. "Fire History of Rhyolite Canyon, Chiricahua National Monument." Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, School of Renewable Natural Resources, University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/246091.

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22

College, of Law University of Arizona, and John Kenneth Nichols. "The University of Arizona College of Law, 1915-1987." College of Law, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/611538.

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23

Janecke, Susanne Ursula 1959. "Structural geology and tectonic history of the Geesaman Wash area, Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558061.

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24

Kopec, David M., Mary W. Olsen, Jeff J. Gilbert, Donna M. Bigelow, Michele Kohout, and Mick Twito. "Response of Cool Season Turfs when Overseeded on a Putting Green with a History of Rapid Blight Disease." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216577.

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Rapid blight disease is a potentially devastating disease on cool season overseed turfs when irrigated with saline water. A two year test was conducted on a closely mowed Tifgreen bermudagrass turf which was infected with visual symptoms of necrotic patches of turf, and various degrees of blighting. The test included a broad representation of turf species for overseeding in an effort to (1) determine selected specie/cultivar susceptibility and disease expression to rapid blight in the field and (2) survey and assess the association of laboratory isolate detection from field sampling, with disease occurrence and severity of expression of field maintained overseed turf. Over a two year period, Rapid blight, caused by Labyrinthula terrestris was capable of infesting most cool season grasses in this test. In year one, Dawson CRF, SRX 555 slender creeping red fescue, and SR 105210 slender creeping red fescue showed no positive lab detection results from field plots. In year two (2003-2004), only SRX 555 SLQ had only 1 plot known to carry Labyrinthula throughout the main infestation season. In year two, essentially all turf plots showed some symptomology of disease expression. This was confirmed by lab identification. Tiller infection rates varied from 2% to 80% infection in the lab from field samples. The relationship between tiller infection rates and field plot disease expression was determined by Pearson’s product and Spearman Rank correlation coefficients. Field plot disease scores were correlated with percent tiller infection rates, R² = -0.56 plot basis, and R² = –0.71 treatment mean basis, respectively. Spearman Rank correlation coefficients were R² =; -0.62 on a plot basis, and R² =–0.78 based on treatment means Agreement between the disease condition (yes/no) vs. lab findings (positive/negative) occurred on 51 of 59 plot cases, and was significant compared to chance alone occurrences. Over two years, entries which had low disease scores included Fult’s alkali grass, Dawson creeping red fescue, SRX 555 SLQ slender creeping red fescue, SR 5210 slender creeping red fescue, and Providence creeping bentgrass. Over two years, entries which produced high field disease rating scores included SR 3100 Hard fescue, TransEze intermediate ryegrass, SR 4400 perennial ryegrass, SR 7200 velvet bentgrass, SR 7100 colonial bentgrass, Sabre and Laser Poa trivialis, and Redtop.
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25

Hughes, Lee. "History, Observations and Monitoring of Pediocactus peeblesianus var. fickeiseniae on the Arizona Strip." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/554196.

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26

Sylvia, Dennis Ashton. "Depositional, diagenetic, and subsidence history of the Redwall Limestone, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558026.

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27

Williams, Jack Stephen. "Architecture and defense on the military frontier of Arizona, 1752-1856." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185464.

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The relationship between architecture and defense during the mid-eighteenth to mid-nineteenth centuries in the portion of Hispanic Sonora that later became southern Arizona is examined. Included are a description and analysis of presidio fortifications, and a comparison of these defense works with other kinds of fortified and garrisoned places found in the region. Separate sections offer appraisals of how raw materials, labor, and tools, were used to plan and build frontier strongholds in northern New Spain and early Mexico. Also provided is a description of the weapons and tactics used in the defense of fortified places. An evaluation is made of the role of fortifications in grand strategy. Based on this evidence, it is argued that defense involved a wider variety of institutions than has traditionally been recognized. The survey of defensive sites also indicates that the presidios do not share certain important features. These differences reflect gradual changes in design concepts over time. It is argued that the causes of these modifications are principally the results of shifts in strategy.
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28

House, Peter Kyle. "Reports on applied paleoflood hydrological investigations in western and central Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191206.

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Interdisciplinary and unconventional research methods offer important insights into geomorphic, hydrologic and hydroclimatologic characteristics of large floods that are often difficult or impossible to resolve in the framework of conventional flood analysis. Four detailed studies of modern floods, historical floods, and paleofloods in western and central Arizona demonstrate the benefits of analyzing recent and historical extreme floods within the conceptual framework of paleoflood hydrology and flood hydroclimatology. Analysis of the hydroclimatological and paleohydrological context of extreme flooding in Arizona during the winter of 1993 provides a detailed analog to the likely climatic, meteorologic, and hydrologic conditions associated with the largest events in the regional paleoflood record. Investigation of the distribution of relict high-water evidence from extreme floods on the lower Verde River in 1993 improves the accuracy of the river's paleoflood record and reveals interesting hydrological phenomena of extreme floods in the Verde River Basin. A multidisciplinary study of the extraordinarily large Bronco Creek, Arizona, flood of August 1971, shows the original estimate to be significantly overestimated because of complex flow behavior of an extreme flood and the related dynamic morphological response of a high-gradient alluvial channel. The approach to this study is a template for similar analyses of extreme floods and extraordinary flood discharge estimates. A similar, more comprehensive application of paleoflood research methods is demonstrated by the compilation of a detailed regional chronology of flash-flooding in small desert drainage basins (7-70 km²) in western Arizona. The occurrences of large, recent and historical floods were documented with nearly annual resolution, and a 1200-year regional paleoflood record was compiled. Comparison of these records to conventional regional flood-frequency relations indicates that the regional equations are probably inaccurate because of data limitations. The study presents a viable approach to developing a quantitative assessment of regional flood frequency in areas with no conventional data on real floods. The results of each of these studies extend the spatial and temporal scope of the paleoflood and historical flood record of the lower Colorado River Basin and provide further support for the concept of a regional upper limit to flood peak magnitudes.
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29

Fulginiti, John Vincent 1959. "Reliability of the Arizona Clinical Interview Rating Scale: A confirmatory study." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276763.

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Reliable measurement of student capability for a skill allows educators to verify student mastery. A major part of a physician's ability to gather information involves patient interviewing, and instruction of this skill is a substantial portion of a medical curriculum. Since 1974, the University of Arizona College of Medicine has employed patient-instructors (PIs), lay persons who function in the roles of patient and teacher for training of interview skills in the Preparation for Clinical Medicine (PCM) program. PIs provide "real" patient-interview experiences and immediate feedback to the students. The PCM program currently has four topic areas: Adult, Pediatric, Geriatric, and Psychiatric. The Arizona Clinical Interview Rating (ACIR) Scale was developed in 1976 to measure the technical performance aspects of interviewing. This study was undertaken to determine reliability of the ACIR. Implication of the results are discussed and suggestions made for the continued application of the ACIR Scale. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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30

Ivanyi, Craig Stephen 1960. "Selected aspects of the natural history of the desert sucker (Catostomus (Pantosteus) clarkii)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276993.

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Selected aspects of the life history of desert suckers were examined in four southeastern Arizona streams. Diet, age class structure, reproduction, and habitat use were analyzed from field data obtained from April 1987 through October 1988. Adults fed primarily on plant matter, while fry fed almost exclusively on diatoms. Aging of suckers by scales was not possible and length frequencies were too evenly distributed to determine age class structure. In 1988, ovary and teste development occurred from late January through April, with spawning commencing in May. Suckers primarily used pools with high water flow and significant (∼80%) cover formed by tree limbs, branches, leaves, and other debris. Deterioration or loss of suitable habitat is reducing the range of the sucker due to reductions in and manipulations of surface waters.
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31

Grubensky, Michael J. "Structure, geochemistry, and volcanic history of mid-Tertiary rocks in the Kofa Region, southwestern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558071.

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32

Downum, Christian Eric. "'One grand history': A critical review of Flagstaff archaeology, 1851 to 1988." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184630.

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The history of archaeological research in the Flagstaff area since 1851 is reviewed. The thesis of this study is that critical analysis of archaeological history can yield significant insights into both the process and the products of archaeological research. These insights in turn may lead to conclusions about the general nature of intellectual disputes and transitions in archaeology, and the validity of particular reconstructions and explanations of prehistoric behavior. The history of archaeological research in the Flagstaff area is broken into nine major divisions, each of which is separated by a significant intellectual or institutional transition. Particular attention is devoted to historical analysis of the period immediately before World War II, when the fundamental concepts and methods of Flagstaff archaeology were developed by Harold Colton and his associates at the Museum of Northern Arizona (MNA). These developments took place during a remarkably prolific period of archaeological investigation designed to disclose a prehistoric sequence of occupation conceived by MNA workers as "one grand history" of the Hopi people. It is argued, on the basis of the historical review, that Flagstaff archaeology, in its specific examples, indeed reveals much about the nature of intellectual disputes and transitions in American archaeology, and demonstrates that knowledge of the prehistoric past can indeed be cumulative. The study concludes with specific recommendations for improving such knowledge in the Flagstaff area, particularly for the issues of chronology and ceramic taxonomy.
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33

Klein, Kerwin Lee 1961. "The last resort: Tourism, growth, and values in twentieth-century Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291521.

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In 1950s Arizona, manufacturing and tourism replaced mining and agriculture as the leading sources of revenue in the state. Yet the images of Arizona found in the popular media emphasize rural vistas and rugged individualism. Arizona's success as a consumer commodity is based on the endurance of stylized "frontier" images. The endurance of these images, apart from their popularity with affluent Anglo-American consumers, rests on Arizona's preservation of cultural landscapes associated with the mythic past: the public lands, the Indian Reservations, and the Arizona-Sonora border. Boosters and consumers alike have emphasized the cultural and environmental differentiation that these borders or frontiers are seen as protecting. Since consumer preconceptions of Arizona are as varied as the consumers themselves, this celebration of difference poses difficulties for Arizona's pluralistic society.
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34

Grey, Amy. "Educated Arguments: Schooling and Citizenship in Turn-of-the-Century Tucson, Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/325418.

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This dissertation examines some of the ongoing debates about American citizenship in the context of new school development in the small, desert town of Tucson, Arizona, between 1870 and the late 1920s. Arizona officials were actively in pursuit of statehood during most of this period; bringing citizenship to the forefront of public discussion. New schools were one vital resource in the efforts to "civilize" Arizona to meet national expectations for statehood. It was in the fundraising and organizing of these new schools that Arizonans often voiced their expectations about who could and should be a fully active American citizen. Beginning with the development of the first school, in the 1870s, Tucson private and public schools became spaces for educators, state officials, missionaries, and parents to assert their interpretation of the good American citizen. The term cultural citizenship is used to describe the process of social debate and enactment of various interpretations of American citizenship. Tucson's first school, a Catholic girl's academy, at first united the town and territorial boosters who saw the school as an orderly influence on the roughness of the desert settlement. The later creation of local public or common schools led to polarization between Catholics and Protestants as they debated the connections between citizenship and religion. A series of public and private schools opened to segregate Native American, African American, and Mexican American children from the general school population. Each of these schools promoted an agenda about preparing a population of students for American citizenship--often envisioned as necessitating a complete adoption of Anglo-American behaviors and standards--as well as continued segregation. Students in these schools, however, pushed with their words and actions for a wider vision of a more multicultural American citizenship. Rather than adopting Anglo-American mission teachings in their entirety, Native-American and Mexican-American mission school students mixed and adapted traditional culture, mission teachings, and popular culture in ways that had particular meaning in their own lives. Students who attended Tucson schools recognized the benefits of educational opportunities, but almost always adapted that education to meet the needs of their more expansive visions of American citizenship.
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35

Hill, Ellen Louise. "The History and Process of Hoover Power Allocation: The Case of Arizona Post-2017." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/579151.

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The western region of the United States would not have developed without proper water development and management. The use of dams and other public works have developed ways of managing the West's natural water resources and its hydroelectric power. This paper explains the full history of how the West came to be United States territory and how water management developed in the West. Once a federal organization was set in place to control the water of the West, public works projects began to take shape in order to harness rivers, especially the Colorado River, for productive use in agriculture throughout the year. The paper goes into depth as to how he Hoover Dam was a major building block for control over the Colorado River. It not only held back the water, but also created clean, cheap power for the states of Arizona, California, and Nevada. The Arizona Power Authority allocates power for Arizona and they are currently in the process of determining who is eligible to receive power distribution for the post-2017 era. This process will be discussed in length and analysis as to what is best for the overall economic benefit for the state of Arizona.
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O'Connell, Brennan. "Sedimentology and depositional history of the Miocene-Pliocene southern Bouse Formation, Arizona and California." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22300.

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The Miocene to Pliocene southern Bouse Formation preserves a record of depositional environments immediately prior to and during integration of the Colorado River to the Gulf of California. Uncertainty over Bouse paleoenvironments obscures our understanding of the timing and magnitude of regional uplift, as well as the conditions and processes that were active during integration and early evolution of the Colorado River. Prior studies over the past 20 years have concluded that the southern Bouse Formation accumulated in chain of lakes isolated from the ocean. Sedimentologic analyses presented here aid interpretation of depositional environments and provide evidence for a strong tidal influence on deposition, consistent with a marine interpretation of other prior studies. This interpretation places a critical constrain on the elevation of these deposits at ca. 5 Ma, and suggests post-Miocene uplift of the Lower Colorado River corridor. This thesis includes previously published coauthored material.
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Ousley, Christopher Allen 1969. "Open records in Arizona: How much information is too much?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291957.

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This thesis examines conflicts concerning public access to government records. By examining the beginning, evolution and current state of public records access in America, and specifically in Arizona, this thesis explores the question, "How much access to personal information contained in government records is too much?" It is my thesis that American democracy cannot survive without open government records. Open government records, including voter records, educational records, motor vehicle records, property tax records and real estate records, allow citizens to keep informed concerning government matters and to oversee the conduct of government employees and elected officials. American democracy is based upon this oversight by citizens. Without public access to government records, the principles of democracy would be undermined and freedoms eroded. This thesis concludes that the citizen's right to know, though not a constitutional right, is a right that Americans must protect to ensure a strong democracy.
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Psaltis, June. "Climate response, age distribution, and fire history of a Corkbark Fir (Abies Lasiocarpa Var. Arizonica) stand in the Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278758.

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The southernmost known North American stand of corkbark fir ( Abies lasiocarpa var. arizonica (Merriam) Lemm.) is found in the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of Tucson, Arizona. Climate response, age distribution, and fire history were studied in this small corkbark fir stand to provide baseline information for future management. Response function analysis indicated April--June precipitation from the current growing season, April--June temperature from the current growing season, November--March precipitation prior to the growing season, and August--October precipitation from the previous growing season as the most highly correlated factor with ring-width variance. Age distribution appeared to be steady state. A fire chronology developed for the corkbark fir site was used to test synchroneity of fire events with previously developed chronologies from nearby sites. Chi-squared analyses indicated significant association of fire years for all sites but not spread of fire from one site to another.
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Lewis, Cecelia Ann, and Cecelia Ann Lewis. "Breaking Borders: Women of Mexican Heritage in Douglas, Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/620954.

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This study examines the manifold ways in which fifteen women of Mexican heritage actively participated in the secular, spiritual, and social spheres to improve conditions for themselves and their community in Douglas, Arizona during the first half of the twentieth century. Using interviews, newspapers, US census reports, ephemera, and secondary sources, it highlights the women's agency and the various ways they employed critical and innovative approaches to break through the economic, personal, and structural borders imposed by a corporate and industrial smelter town created by Phelps-Dodge and Company and the Calumet and Arizona Company. In this dissertation I ask, and seek to answer questions such as: why did these women of Mexican heritage choose to settle in Douglas; why did those who were born there remain; and what did this newly established town offer the women in this study that perhaps more established cities in the southwestern United States did not? Because Mexicanas are invisible in the archives and in the historical chronicles of Douglas Arizona, this dissertation employs an interdisciplinary methodology designed to highlight their actions and their contributions to their communities, city, and nation. Influenced by Chicana theorist Gloria Anzaldua, I seek to recover history, and what she refers to as la facultad, by relying on the words of the women and their families to offer answers and insight. Despite the challenges of living in the borderlands in a time of limited access to economic and social resources, these women's contributions to history confirm that Mexicanas were not passive subalterns.
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Parker, Marie Ann 1960. "The Hopi Craftsman Exhibition at the Museum of Northern Arizona: Only the finest in Hopi art." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291572.

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Mary-Russell and Dr. Harold Colton, co-founders of the Museum of Northern Arizona in Flagstaff, opened the Hopi Craftsman Exhibition, a show of fine Hopi art, in July of 1930. Believing that traders' emphasis on mass production of tourist trinkets contributed to a decline in the quality of Hopi art, Mary-Russell determined to introduce the buying public to quality Hopi art, hoping this would stimulate better prices. Through the Hopi Craftsman Exhibition, Mary-Russell encouraged Hopi artists to use quality materials and sought ways to help them improve their techniques. Throughout the years, the goals and logistics of the Hopi Craftsman Exhibition have changed to keep up with the ever-increasing interest in Hopi arts. Today, the Hopi Marketplace showcases quality Hopi art to a discerning public. Hopi artists appreciate the encouragement, exposure, and recognition the Hopi Craftsman Exhibition has given them and their art over the years.
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Burtner, Marcus. "Crafting and Consuming an American Sonoran Desert: Global Visions, Regional Nature and National Meaning." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/268613.

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From the 1840s to 1950s, interpretations of nature played a central role in the defining and enculturating the Sonoran Desert into the American nation. Written works and physical nature like plants became an archive for cultural interpretations of the region. Scientific descriptions of nature became stories of place as they were consumed. Proxy landscapes like national monuments became the spaces for demonstrating these stories. Throughout the period of this study, a constant give and take between regional nature and global arid lands shaped the national interpretations used to describe regional nature within the American nation-state. This work follows the production and consumption of meaning and the definition of a desert region.
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42

Rivas, Bahti Dolores. "Aztlan in Arizona: Civic narrative and ritual pageantry in Mexican America." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279792.

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This study examines Mexican American popular culture, including seasonal festivals, professional stage plays, journal essays, and ritual narratives in early Arizona. Through these various cultural forms, Mexican American residents negotiated and countered prevalent notions of U.S. national identity aligned with nineteenth-century ideas about Western modernity and Mexican antiquity articulated at the 1889 Paris Exposition Universelle and the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition, in Chicago, that presented Mexican America as an 'Orient,' an internal Orient named Aztlan. Civic rhetoric in the early twentieth-century Spanish-language press created an intimate cultural landscape that casts light and shadow upon prior histories of Mexican America in Arizona. In addition to social criticism in local journals, scripted plays in print and on stage extending beyond Iberia and Mexico into the Southwest affirmed local forms of Mexican American popular culture. Staged narratives of class relations within border space defined by international economic and labor interests are also noteworthy registers of allegorical formulations of cultural identity. In addition to frontier drama and border journals, personal correspondence and candid images of rural and urban parishes also demonstrate processes by which religious farms became unfolding and inclusive demonstrations of public devotion and civic rhetoric. Popular Catholicism nurtured by an early generation of Spanish Discalced Carmelite priests in Arizona created devotional societies, public processions in religious precincts, Spanish plays in parish halls, and festival parades in commercial districts that embodied local demonstrations of Mexican American culture of Aztlan in Arizona.
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Meeks, Eric Vaughn. "Border citizens race, labor, and identity in south-central Arizona, 1910-1965 /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034985.

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Young, David Paul. "The history of deformation and fluid phenomena in the top of the wilderness suite, Santa Catalina Mountains, Pima County, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558089.

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WEBB-VIGNERY, JUNE. "JACOME'S DEPARTMENT STORE: BUSINESS AND CULTURE IN TUCSON, ARIZONA, 1896-1980 (HISPANIC, MEXICAN-AMERICAN, HISTORY, MANAGEMENT, BORDERLANDS)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/188107.

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In 1896, Carlos Jacome opened "La Bonanza," a general mercantile store in downtown Tucson. For eighty-four years the store flourished, evolving into a mainstay of Tucson's retail life as Jacome's Department Store. As the store grew and prospered it developed a distinctive image derived from the Mexican-American background of its owners and managers which set it apart from other retail establishments in Tucson's downtown business district. Special attention placed on the two men guiding Jacome's growth and development, Carlos and later his son, Alex, Sr., provided an opportunity to examine the interaction between Mexican-American culture and the store's internal and external environments. Additionally, comparisons between Jacome's and their competitors, Anglo-owned retail stores in the downtown business district, delineated the effect of culture upon Jacome's organizational structure and the store's survival strategy. Like Jacome's, each of these stores had its roots in an era when Tucson was far removed from the mainstream of American economic life and local concerns dictated survival. Fundamental changes in American business organization, economy, and values beginning with World War I and reaching maturity during the 1920's portended an end to Tucson's placid retail environment. Many of these changes brought short-term benefits, but by the 1960's it was evident that in the long run they had worked against the independent retailers' interests. Increasingly, like their counterparts across the United States, Tucson's merchants encountered increased competition from chain stores and shopping centers, as well as problems tied to their central city location and the repeal of federal and state fair trade laws. As problems multiplied each retailer in downtown Tucson pursued a separate survival strategy. Primary in Jacome's strategic decisions was the precedence family interests took over the maximum exploitation of economic opportunities. Ultimately, however, whatever decision was reached, Tucson's independent department stores faced extinction. Within a few years of Jacome's closing in 1980 the last of the old-time department stores, at one time synonymous with retailing in Tucson, were gone.
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46

Pinto, Robin Lothrop. "Cattle Grazing in the National Parks: Historical Development and History of Management in Three Southern Arizona Parks." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3625734.

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This dissertation traces the history of cattle grazing at Saguaro NP, Organ Pipe Cactus NM and Fort Bowie NHS in southern Arizona. This collection of studies examines the factors affecting that use, the ranchers who made their living from the landscape, and the federal land managers responsible for sustaining the natural and cultural resources.

A dominant industry on arid public lands since the Civil War, grazing was altered by a variety of influences: environmental and human-derived. Ranching communities developed from homesteading settlements. Success was determined by climate, topography, and natural resources; social and cultural pressures; economic events and political legislation; and later federal regulations and decisions.

The first agency to oversee grazing, USFS was under constant pressure to maximize short-term human benefits. The NPS Organic Act of 1916 mandated conservation of natural resources "by such means as will leave them unimpaired for future generations" and yet approved cattle grazing, an extractive use, under USFS management. Park managers were frustrated by grazing practices not under their control. Parks were at a cultural and social disadvantage. Residents and politicians often expressed displeasure at park reservations; communities feared that parks would interfere with local industries.

Park employees supervised visitors and developed recreation infrastructure; they came with little experience to manage livestock. Lack of funding for research, limited manpower, and political and administrative interference allowed cattle grazing to continue unregulated for decades altering vegetation and enhancing erosion. In the 1960s, changing values from the environmental movement, the waning power of the livestock industry, and the rise of activist scientists impelled NPS to act. Without monitoring data, NPS turned to legal opinions to terminate grazing.

Now grazing is regulated and carefully monitored. NPS is mandated to incorporate research results into management decisions. Older grazing permits are being retired, but land acquisitions for park additions add new management challenges. Purchasing permits offers a new but financially limited opportunity to protect sensitive lands. Grazing has ended at all three parks, yet ecological changes and historic structures remain. As cultural and administrative legacies, those remnants offer opportunities to interpret a significant regional tradition and an untold controversy.

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Young, Monica Zappia, and Monica Zappia Young. "THE SPANISH COLONIAL EXPERIENCE AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY OF SAN AGUSTIN DEL TUCSON: A CASE STUDY OF SPANISH COLONIAL FAILURE." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/620721.

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In the 1690s, Father Kino described Tucson as a highly suitable place to establish a mission community. Once founded, Mission San Agustin del Tucson became a visit a of the neighboring Mission San Xavier del Bac, which served as the cabecera. After Mexico gained its independence from Spain in 1821, the nearby Pima village of El Pueblito was abandoned, and the mission fell into ruin as the church property was homesteaded, given away, or sold. Physical evidence of the mission, including a convento and gardens, was further compromised after a brick manufacturing plant and, later, a landfill took their toll on the archaeological record. By the middle of the twentieth century, the last evidence of the mission era was destroyed. Mission San Agustin can be interpreted as an example of colonial failure that does not conform to traditional culture contact models of a unilinear sequence from diffusion to acculturation and, ultimately, to assimilation. San Agustin was for a short period a thriving, productive, complex mission community that overshadowed its neighboring cabecera, San Xavier del Bac. Using a historical archaeological approach, this paper describes the cultural context in which Tucson's mission was constructed, abandoned, fell into ruin, and disappeared. Major historical events and processes are suggested as possible causes for this failure.
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Adams, Jenny Lou. "The development of prehistoric grinding technology in the Point of Pines area, east-central Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186928.

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The development of grinding technology is a topic that has not received much attention from archaeologists in the American Southwest. Presented here is a technological approach to ground stone analysis capitalizing on the methods of ethnoarchaeology, experimentation, and use-wear analysis. These methods are applied to an existing collection of ground stone artifacts amassed by the University of Arizona field school's excavation of the Point of Pines sites in east-central Arizona. The heart of the technological approach is the recognition that technological behavior is social behavior and as such is culturally distinct. Both puebloan and nonpuebloan ethnographies provide models for understanding how ground stone tools were used by different cultural groups in daily activities and for making inferences about gender-specific behaviors. Culturally distinct behaviors are sustained through technological traditions, defined as the transmitted knowledge and behaviors with which people learn how to do things. A technological approach is applied to the ground stone assemblages from nine Point of Pines sites that date within eight phases, from A.D. 400 to A.D. 1425-1450. The assemblages are compared and assessed in terms of variation that might reflect developments in grinding technology. Developments may have derived from local innovations or from introduced technological traditions. Assemblage variation is evaluated in light of major events in Point of Pines prehistory, particularly the change from pit house villages to pueblo villages and the immigration of Tusayan Anasazi. Point of Pines grinding technology continued relatively unchanged until late in the occupation. Around the mid-1200s, an Anasazi group immigrated to the Point of Pines area and took up residence in the largest Point of Pines pueblo. Foreign technology was introduced but not immediately adopted by the resident Mogollon. Food grinding equipment of two different designs coexisted for about 100 years, until around A.D. 1400 when there is evidence of a change in the social organization of food grinding. It is this change that signals the blending of Mogollon and Anasazi into Western Pueblo.
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MacLaury, Maria Isabel 1953. "La Placita: Vantages of urban change in historic Tucson." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/292057.

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Cognition and social values prevail in urban evolution. Analysis of these values reconstruct an era that has largely vanished; the context is historic downtown Tucson, and the significance is the Mexican enclave that had La Placita as its social focus. The historical evolution and the urban character of La Placita and its surrounding barrio is documented with emphasis on the social meaning of its change. A newly developed cognitive theory of vantages and coordinates provides a model to depict the viewpoints that defined urban development in Tucson. The analysis of personal viewpoint provides a statement of the manner that social values and cognition shaped architecture and urban change throughout the years of growth in the center of Tucson.
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Pecotte, de Gonzalez Brenda Christine. "The Farm Worker Story: The Cyclical Life of Farm Workers in San Luis, Arizona from History to Habitus." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293396.

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The farm workers who diligently tend and harvest the US fields and produce is a major component of the agriculture industry. This research explores the current issues and challenges that domestic, seasonal farm workers face through the lenses of embodiment and habitus theory. Narratives and insights from interviews were integrated with current literature to present a complete picture of the cyclical life of the domestic farm worker in San Luis, Arizona. This thesis argues that farm work is a unique profession which has left its mark on the body and the behavior. Those in the border region have added agency due to the opportunities the border presents. As this research highlights, additional attention and research is needed to redesign policies and initiatives to adequately assist and provide for a population that provides so much.
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