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1
Martz, John D. "U. S.-Latin American Relations." Hispanic American Historical Review 67, no. 1 (February 1, 1987): 194–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-67.1.194.
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Alm, Martin. "American-European Relations in U. S. World History Textbooks, 1921-2001." American Studies in Scandinavia 44, no. 2 (September 1, 2012): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/asca.v44i2.4918.
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This article studies U.S. views of the historical relationship between the U.S. and Europe as conceived during the 20th century. This is examined through U.S. World history text books dating from 1921 to 2001. The textbooks view relations within a general teleological narrative of progress through democracy and technology. Generally, the textbooks stress the significan ce of the English heritage to American society. From the American Revolution onwards, however, the U.S. stands as an example to Europe. Beginning with the two world wars, it also intervenes directly in Europe in order to save democracy. In the Cold War, the U.S. finally acknowledges the lea ding role it has been assigned in the world. Through its democratic ideals, the U.S. historically has a spe cial relationship with Great Britain and, by the 20th century, Western Europe in general. An American identity is established both in conjunction with Western Europe, by emphasizing their common democratic tradition, and in opposition to it, by stressing how the Americans have developed this tradition better than the Europeans, creating a more egalitarian and libertarian society. There is a need for Europe to become more like the U.S., and a Europe that does not follow the American lead is viewed with suspicion.
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Martz, John D. "Early U S.-Hispanic Relations, 1776–1860: An Annotated Bibliography." Hispanic American Historical Review 76, no. 4 (November 1, 1996): 754–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-76.4.754.
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Palmer, David Scott. "Talons of the Eagle: Dynamics of U. S.-Latin American Relations." Hispanic American Historical Review 77, no. 3 (August 1, 1997): 559–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-77.3.559.
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Haider, Zaglul. "Canadian Policy Towards Bangladesh: How Does the North Look at the South?" African and Asian Studies 10, no. 4 (2011): 281–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921011x605562.
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Abstract The goal of the paper is to analyze the Canadian policy towards Bangladesh. In this paper I argue that Canadian approach towards Bangladesh was different in different phases of history. In the liberation war of Bangladesh Canada played a role that went against the interest of Bangladesh and suited with the triple alliance of the US-Pakistan and China. Against the backdrop of Cold War politics, Canadian policy demonstrated the reflection of her national interest. In the dawn of the independence of Bangladesh in the early 1970’s Canada revised its policy, immediately recognized the new nation and supported Bangladesh’s admission in to the Commonwealth, the United Nations and other international organizations. Since the threshold of Bangladesh’s journey Canada emerged as a development partner of the new nation. Apart from significant aid, Canada also provided immigration facilities to the Bangladeshis. All these are consistent with its national interest. I also focus on the Canadian concerns over the violation of human rights and poor governance that gradually eroded the image of Bangladesh among the Canadian policy makers. Finally, I suggest a way out to improve relations between the two countries of the ‘North’ and ‘South’.
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Ahmad, Eqbal. "Racism and the State: The Coming Crisis of U. S.-Japanese Relations." boundary 2 18, no. 3 (1991): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/303201.
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Joel P. Stillerman. "Close Encounters of Empire: Writing the Cultural History of U. S.-Latin American Relations (review)." Arizona Journal of Hispanic Cultural Studies 3, no. 1 (1999): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hcs.2011.0313.
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Perez, Michael P. "Interethnic Antagonism In the Wake of Colonialism: U. S. Territorial and Ethnic Relations at the Margins." Ethnic Studies Review 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2000.23.1.1.
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Since the proliferation of scholarship on racial and ethnic antagonism following the Civil Rights era, neo-Marxist, colonialism, and other power-conflict theories reached popularity and have been widely applied to explain racial and ethnic conflict throughout the world, particularly in the United States. However there is a lack of scholarship on racial and ethnic relations in the U.S. territories in general and the Pacific Islands in particular. Although a few works exist in terms of interethnic antagonism and anti-immigrant sentiment in Puerto Rico, Melanesia, and Hawaii, there is a lack of research on interethnic antagonism in Micronesia; therefore comparative analyses of race and ethnicity in the context of U.S. territorial relations would contribute to the general body of knowledge in ethnic studies. In light of Micronesia's complex colonial history and its contemporary political and economic context (i.e. immigration, labor exploitation, territorial relations, neocolonialism, indigenous sovereignty struggles, and garment, tourist, and construction industries), understanding of intergroup relations in Micronesia would also benefit from an analysis of interethnic antagonism.
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Matošević, Andrea. "“Čovjek je ujedno i ono što može biti”." Politička misao 57, no. 1 (May 4, 2020): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.1.03.
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U radu se analizira pojam otuđenja, odnosno alijenacije u dvostrukom smislu: s jedne strane kao značajna artikulacija filozofskih i socioloških problema u jugoslavenskoj socijalističkoj misli i šire, ali i istovremeno kao vrlo prisutna akcentuacija detektiranih stanja u industrijskim postrojenjima. Na toj dvostrukoj poziciji grade se djelomična analiza i usporedba s kontekstom današnjih uvjeta rada u sektoru koji Franco “Bifo” Berardi naziva “kognitarijatom”, ali iz kojega su detekcija i konstatacija otuđenja gotovo u potpunosti odstranjene i zamijenjene nizom supstituta poput “beznađa”, “ravnodušnosti”, “besperspektivnosti”, “samoizrabljivanja” ili pak “sagorijevanja na poslu”. U radu se interpretira nedostatnost takve zamjene, jer je otuđenje, unatoč konstantno naglašavanoj apstraktnosti njegova značenja, konotiralo kritiku, promjenu i nadilaženje trenutnog stanja, odnosno napor ka razotuđenju, što nije slučaj s nizom spomenutih termina. Iz tog je razloga rad prožet jezičnom analizom te pokušava odgovoriti na pitanje o mogućnosti govora i analize dijela današnjih, poglavito radnih, uvjeta i stanja u terminima otuđenja.
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Ribarević, Luka. "Politička ekonomija u Levijatanu." Politička misao 57, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.2.06.
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U magistralnoj studiji razvoja klasične političke ekonomije Robna proizvodnja i udruženi rad u Marxovoj kritici političke ekonomije Daga Strpića veoma važno mjesto zauzima Thomas Hobbes. Prema Strpiću Hobbes uspostavlja novi metodološki i kategorijalni okvir za razumijevanje političke zajednice u moderni. Za razliku od velike većine interpretacija Hobbesove philosophiae civilis Strpić Hobbesa ne čita samo kao utemeljitelja moderne političke teorije, nego i klasične političke ekonomije. U tekstu se političko-ekonomski aspekt Hobbesove znanosti o politici razmatra posredstvom kritičke analize dijaloga koji Strpić vodi s utjecajnim tumačenjem C. B. Macphersona. Strpić usvaja bitne elemente Macphersonove interpretacije fokusirane na e konomske pretpostavke Hobbesova političkog mišljenja, ali istovremeno odstupa od njegova razumijevanja Levijatana. Na toj se pozadini nastoji utvrditi spoznajne domete i ograničenja političko-ekonomskog čitanja Hobbesa koje dijele Strpić i Macpherson.
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Mujkić, Asim. "Ideologija, klasa i pitanje političke subjektivizacije u Bosni i Hercegovini." Politička misao 56, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.56.2.02.
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Autor propituje ulogu ideologije, mita i klase u razumijevanju kompleksnih procesa savremene političke subjektivizacije u BiH. Polazeći od revolucionarnog konteksta s početka devedesetih godina dvadesetog stoljeća koji razumijeva kao paralelni proces nacionalne i kapitalističke reaproprijacije, autor na pitanje pod kojim uslovima, diskurzivnim i institucionalnim, određene etničke razlike postaju politički relevantnima, postaju izvorom političke moći i mobilizacije, razvija odgovor u vidu antireprezentacionalističke hipoteze po kojoj su to s jedne strane diskurzivni i institucionalni uslovi “nacionalne države” shvaćene kao države homogenog etnonacionalnog domaćina i zanemarive etnonacionalne manjine, a s druge strane njima komplementarni diskurzivni i institucionalni uslovi kapitalističkog poretka iz kojega se nacionalni poredak historijski izdiže, a koji podrazumijeva klasnu strukturiranost. Subjekt proizvodnje nacionalno-kapitalističkog poretka je vladajuća klasa, u slučaju BiH klasa etnopolitičkih poduzetnika koja je u posjedu sredstava za proizvodnju društvenog života uopće: i materijalnog i onog simboličkog.
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Vejzagić, Saša. "Tržište i grad: Simbioza poduzeća i općine u Jugoslaviji na primjeru Građevnog kombinata Međimurje – Čakovec (1963.-1981.)." Politička misao 57, no. 3 (November 5, 2020): 121–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.3.05.
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Članak prati ekspanziju Građevnog kombinata Međimurje iz Čakovca od njegova nastanka u 1960-ima do vrhunca svog poslovnog razvoja na samom kraju 1970-ih. S jedne strane članak predstavlja zanimljivu povijest tehnokracije, poduzetništva i poslovnog razvoja u vrijeme deregulirane planske ekonomije. S druge priča o modernizacijskom iskustvu jugoslavenske agrarne periferije i provincijalnog grada na samim marginama političkog interesa Beograda i Zagreba. Ovo istraživanje, između ostalog, ističe najvažnije karakteristike stvaranja velikih poslovnih sustava u samoupravljanju, a istovremeno proučava odnose i interakciju između poslovne i političke domene na lokalnoj razini. Također posredno preispituje uspjeh tržišne reforme u Jugoslaviji i istražuje odnose između poduzeća i Partije.
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Marsh, Christopher, and Mark Heppner. "When Weak Nations Use Strong States: The Unintended Consequences of Intervention in the Balkans." Nationalities Papers 31, no. 3 (September 2003): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0090599032000115493.
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In the years that have passed since NATO forcibly compelled Yugoslavia to withdraw its military and police forces from Kosovo and the province was placed under U. N. guardianship, the Kosovo crisis of 1999 has been examined from a variety of angles. Although many insightful analyses have documented the horrific and deplorable events that led up to the crisis, one important factor that has received relatively short shrift is the way in which the U. S. was drawn into the conflict. In particular, it has remained overlooked that the United States, qua superpower, had a significant impact on the policy formulations of the belligerent parties. This essay is based on the proposition that the United States does not formulate policy and operate in a vacuum, but rather that the U. S. is itself a critical factor in the calculations of other actors in the international system. These actors make strategic calculations based upon their expectations of American actions and reactions. The U. S. policymaking community, on the other hand, seems to formulate policies without considering the implications of the fact that other actors might anticipate U. S. actions or even attempt to provoke a desired response.
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Drvendžija, Igor, and Vinko Drača. "Analiza emocija u iskazima preživjelih iz sustava logora Gospić-Jadovno-Pag u ljeto 1941. godine." Politička misao 56, no. 2 (October 14, 2019): 116–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.56.2.05.
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U ovom radu autori istražuju emocije preživjelih logoraša iz sustava logora Gospić-Jadovno-Pag u kojem su u ljeto 1941. ubijani ljudi srpskog i židovskog etniciteta te komunisti i ostali politički protivnici ustaškog režima. Pristup proučavanja emocija bazira se na svjedočanstvima koja je objavio povjesničar Đuro Zatezalo. U radu se prvo govori o analizi emocija u historiji s naročitim osvrtom na svjedočanstva preživjelih kao poseban i izuzetno važan izvor u studijama Holokausta i genocida. Autori također problematiziraju intenciju zapisivača, sjećanje i emocije kao aspekte koje povjesničar koji analizira svjedočanstva mora imati na umu. Daje se i opis djelovanja rasnih zakona Nezavisne Države Hrvatske i logora smrti Gospić-Jadovno-Pag, nakon čega se sustavno analiziraju emotivi izneseni u svjedočanstvima. Pritom se fokus istraživanja usmjerava na emocije straha, strepnje, nade i radosti. Također se problematizira odnos sjećanja i emocija te način na koji protok vremena može izmijeniti intenzitet i sadržaj emocije, što može biti vrijedan metodološki prilog proučavateljima povijesti genocida i oralne povijesti uopće.
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Grdešić, Marko. "Što donosi moderna monetarna teorija?" Politička misao 57, no. 3 (November 5, 2020): 99–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.3.04.
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Ovaj rad daje kritički pregled Moderne monetarne teorije (MMT). Riječ je o pristupu ekonomskoj politici koji naglasak stavlja na autonomnu ulogu države, na njen monopolni položaj u sferi izdavanja novca te na mogućnost države da osigura punu zaposlenost kroz program zajamčenog zaposlenja. Rad iznosi glavne teorijske i policy elemente MMT-a, a zatim prikazuje glavne kritike koje se upućuju MMT-u iz liberalne, kejnzijanske i marksističke perspektive. Osim toga, ovaj rad raspravlja i mogućnost da periferne zemlje, poput Hrvatske, primijene ekonomske alate koje preporuča MMT. S obzirom na to da je MMT prešao s terena relativno marginalnih akademskih debata na teren šire političke javnosti, može se očekivati da će utjecati na ekonomsku agendu u narednim godinama.
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Kovač, Bogomir. "Političkoekonomske marginalije o recepciji Marxa u XXI. stoljeću (u povodu čitanja knjige Daga Strpića Robna proizvodnja i udruženi rad u Marxovoj kritici političke ekonomije)." Politička misao 57, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 13–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.2.01.
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Političkoekonomskom analizom recepcije Marxa u Strpićevoj knjizi o Marxovoj kritici političke ekonomije autor želi pokazati kakav je suvremeni položaj i koja je moguća aktualnost Marxove analize. Do aktualizacije i povratka Marxu uvijek dolazi u vrijeme kriza, njegova intelektualna sudbina ovisi o preobrazbi sadašnjeg kapitalizma i njegovoj alternativi. Paradoks teorijske nedovršenosti u Marxovoj analizi zbog njegove spoznajne težnje za savršenstvom epistemologije kapitalizma postaje sudbina svih marksističkih interpretacija, pa tako i Strpićeve. Problem Marxa danas je upravo u metafizici teorije vrijednosti i cijeloga robnog sustava koji ne omogućuje ontologijske preobrazbe vrijednosti, kapitala i kapitalizma. Njegov teorijski pristup je više fiziokratski nego novčani, više ekonomski nego politički. Zato Bidetova rekonstrukcija Marxa u okvirima moderne polazi od “metastrukture” općega političkopravnog momenta, koji u marksovskoj kritici nedostaje. Primjeren pristup podrazumijeva poimanje kapitalizma kao eminentno političkoga: politički kapitalizam, kako pokazuje autor, nije poseban oblik kapitalizma, nije historijski vezan uz suvremeni oblik kapitalizma XXI. stoljeća (Kina...), nego je njegova univerzalna povijesna forma. Marxova je kritika političke ekonomije moderna upravo na tom nedovoljno određenom putu njegove analize. Politički kapitalizam kao “kapitalizam općenito” pokazuje svoju relevantnost u analizi suvremenih kriza, koje nisu više samo ekonomske nego ekologijske, pa i pandemijske. U nizu recentnih kriza političkog kapitalizma pokazuje se kako smo suočeni s izborom između realnog autokratskog “barbarskog kapitalizma” i više utopijskog “kozmopolitskog ekosocijalizma”.
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Matošević, Andrea. "Labinska republika 1921." Politička misao 58, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 7–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.58.1.01.
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U radu se povodom stote obljetnice analiziraju politički, egzistencijalni i kulturološki razlozi poradi kojih je u jugoistočnom dijelu Istre u ožujku i travnju 1921. došlo do podizanja rudarske pobune – Labinske republike. Karakterizirana radničkim zauzećem tvornica, organizacijom života, obrane i proizvodnje “za sebe i svoj račun” u trajanju od 36-37 dana te na kraju i sukobom talijanskih vlasti i rudara, njezino se podizanje organizira netom nakon vrlo sličnih procesa koji su se odigravali diljem Italije. Taj period (1919-1920), poznat i kao biennio rosso, crveno dvogodište, diljem će Apeninskog poluotoka biti zaoštren u rujnu 1920. zauzećem industrijskih postrojenja u lakoj i teškoj industriji. Unatoč srodnosti i povezanosti dešavanja na poluotocima, Apeninskom i Istarskom, upravo će rudari Labinštine – na tragu naprednih revolucionarnih ideja o “proleterskim republikama”, “radničkim samoupravama” i “rudarskim savjetima” – inzistirati na nizu značajnih dinamika i karakteristika tijekom pobune: anacionalnosti, suradnji sa seljaštvom i zemljoradništvom te na kraju oružanom sukobu s vlastima. Također, rad prožima antropološka teza o specifičnostima rudarskih zajednica koje su činile značajnu razliku u artikulaciji događaja u odnosu na šire radništvo.
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Žagar, Davorin. "Machiavelli." Politička misao 57, no. 3 (November 5, 2020): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.3.01.
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Autor u članku ukazuje na suvremenu relevantnost Machiavellijeva nauka sadržanog u Vladaru i Raspravama. U dijalogu s Lefortom i njegovim epohalnim tumačenjem Firentinca (1972) članak nudi alternativno, subverzivno čitanje Machiavellijeve teorije političkog konflikta i pritom, u kritičkom odnosu spram Honnetha (1995), osvjetljuje elemente specifične, makijavelijevske teorije priznanja. Autor tvrdi da je fundamentalno demokratski karakter Machiavellijeva projekta izravno povezan sa sposobnošću plebsa da prepozna svoju novu funkciju u društvenom polju i da na sebe odvažno preuzme queer “identitet”. To je moguće samo uz pomoć i potporu vladara. Plebs u tekstu označava dinamičku koaliciju na različite načine potlačenih skupina. Uz pomoć političke instance pučani trebaju preobraziti svoju težnju da ne budu tlačeni od velikaša u pozitivno usmjerenu težnju da bivstvuju na način koji čuva razliku u odnosu na težnju velikaša za posjedovanjem. Otkrivajući sebstvo kao mjesto nesvodive drugosti, pučani neprestano izumljuju nove načine postojanja u razlici spram “režimā normalnosti” i na taj način postaju nepresušni izvor društvene inovacije koja stoji na dispoziciji čitavom društvu. Poqueeravanje plebsa omogućuje viši stupanj zajedničkog bivstvovanja. Snaga demokratskog društva izravno ovisi o vitalitetu težnje pučana i njihovoj sposobnosti da neprestano osmišljavaju i proizvode nove načine života.
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Bacevich, Andrew J. "John J. Mearsheimer and Stephen M. Walt,The Israel Lobby and U. S. Foreign Policy." Diplomacy & Statecraft 19, no. 4 (December 16, 2008): 787–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09592290802564684.
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Birač, Dimitrije. "Politička ekonomija Hrvatske." Politička misao 57, no. 3 (November 5, 2020): 63–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.3.03.
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Rad se ponajviše bavi analizama hrvatskih ekonomista o procesu pretvorbe i privatizacije 1990-ih. Posljednjih desetljeća, posebno od prvih višestranačkih izbora u travnju 1990., proces političko-ekonomske transformacije presudno je utjecao ne samo na društveno-ekonomsku strukturu Hrvatske nego i na hrvatsku polit-ekonomsku misao. Pregledom znanstvenih radova hrvatskih ekonomista, polit-ekonomista i sociologa te njihovom daljnjom analizom rad ima ambiciju pridonijeti novom pristupu proučavanja procesa pretvorbe i privatizacije. Uza sve razlike u mišljenjima te istraživačkim zaključcima, hrvatski analitičari u jednom su suglasni – bez pretvorbe i privatizacije ne bi se razvio ni kapitalizam u Hrvatskoj. U ovom radu razvija se teza da je proces pretvorbe i privatizacije u suštini bio obnova kapitalizma putem primarne akumulacije kapitala. Ono što se još naziva i divljim kapitalizmom, crony, pa i tajkunskim kapitalizmom, zapravo je bio uobičajeni tijek nastanka i razvoja kapitalizma periferije. Pritom se njegova specifična osobina tiče nacionalne države kojoj je pripala uloga stvaratelja sistema i vladajuće klase, umjesto da se zbilo obrnuto – da je vladajuća klasa stvorila državu i ekonomski sistem. Istovremeno je namjera rada pokazati da nisu dovoljno precizne tvrdnje prema kojima je proces pretvorbe i privatizacije trebao i mogao biti pravedniji u slučaju pobjede druge političke opcije. Na temelju navedenog može se bolje razumjeti paradoks da je Hrvatska u proces pretvorbe i privatizacije ušla kao jedna od zemalja s najboljim pretpostavkama, a iz njega izašla kao jedan od najneuspješnijih primjera.
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Laranjeira, Inês, and João A. Mota. "O T H E R V I S U A L : Onto the Audiovisual Cooking." International Journal of Film and Media Arts 6, no. 1 (June 9, 2021): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24140/ijfma.v6.n1.04.
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This paper inquiries about the kitchen as space of vibrant materiality for representation and agency for art, design and architecture practices. On meeting the challenges posed by the coronavirus pandemic, it is not incidental that the 5th Istanbul Design Biennial curated by Mariana Pestana under the theme “Empathy Revisited: designs for more than one” has chosen the kitchen as a means to create spaces of discourses, exchange and collective reflection. Taking into account Jeffrey and Shaowen Bardzell’s view of “What Is ‘Critical’ about Critical Design?” (2013), this paper surveys the biennial’s programme “The Critical Cooking Show” which presents a digital programme of films, lectures and performances that reimagine the kitchen as a space central to design thinking and production. Deepening our sensibilities as to how criticality occupies design practices, we have to further understand the expanded space of the kitchen and what it really offers to expand the space of design. From the triangulation kitchen, design and process, evidence is searched for bridging process between the fields of kitchen and design following Buchanan’s theory of rethinking placements over categories by way of signs, things, actions and thoughts. Kitchen and design are thus understood as liberal arts disciplines seeking to privilege a placement-based approach to projectual practice where observations on the speculative allow reflections of the self and modes of action. Pallasmaa’s conception of an architecture of the senses, for whom the role of the body is understood as the locus of perception, thought and consciousness, helps explore and convoke the space of kitchen visited by artists and designers throughout recent history, as a means to establish relations between theories, processes, and projectual methodologies in kitchen and design. The reading of the space finds its translation through diverse processes applied by these creators leading to an understanding of a kitchen milieu: process as context. From the interpretation of the empirical work it is suggested that kitchen multiplies design (k x d). It implies that the context of kitchen multiplies the space of the discipline of design, becoming, in Buchanan’s term, a “quasi-subject matter of design thinking”. If so, kitchen as other placements may offer, or are open to receive and edify, an expanded view of the discipline of design. Deepening our sensibilities as to how criticality occupies design practices, we have to further understand the expanded space of the kitchen and what it really offers to expand the space of design. From the triangulation kitchen, design and process, evidence is searched for bridging process between the fields of kitchen and design following Buchanan’s theory of rethinking placements over categories by way of signs, things, actions and thoughts. Kitchen and design are thus understood as liberal arts disciplines seeking to privilege a placement-based approach to projectual practice where observations on the speculative allow reflections of the self and modes of action. Pallasmaa’s conception of an architecture of the senses, for whom the role of the body is understood as the locus of perception, thought and consciousness, helps explore and convoke the space of kitchen visited by artists and designers throughout recent history, as a means to establish relations between theories, processes, and projectual methodologies in kitchen and design. The reading of the space finds its translation through diverse processes applied by these creators leading to an understanding of a kitchen milieu: process as context. From the interpretation of the empirical work it is suggested that kitchen multiplies design (k x d). It implies that the context of kitchen multiplies the space of the discipline of design, becoming, in Buchanan’s term, a “quasi-subject matter of design thinking”. If so, kitchen as other placements may offer, or are open to receive and edify, an expanded view of the discipline of design.
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Lalović, Dragutin. "Strmim stazama politologa Daga Strpića u čitanju Marxa." Politička misao 57, no. 2 (October 1, 2020): 72–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.20901/pm.57.2.04.
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U tekstu se prikazuju i vrednuju glavne odlike znanstvenog pristupa, načina argumentacije i mogućih analitičko-istraživačkih i razvojno-općedruštvenih dosega Strpićeve teorijske ostavštine kada je riječ o njegovu fundamentalnom istraživanju Marxove epohalne kritike političke ekonomije, ponajprije u knjizi Robna proizvodnja i udruženi rad u Marxovoj kritici političke ekonomije (2017/1991). Najprije se predstavlja inicijalni Strpićev istraživački program suvremenoga marksovskog dovršavanja i razvijanja Marxove “Kritike” (1982). U središtu izlaganja sažeto su prikazani glavni elementi Strpićeva čitanja Marxove kritike političke ekonomije. Prvo, ocjena Marxove recepcije klasične britanske političke teorije i političke ekonomije, kao i recepcije te baštine u Hegelovoj filozofiji. Drugo, rekonstrukcija logike Marxova kategorijalnog aparata kao apstraktne sfere “kapitala općenito”, u razlici spram konkretne sfere konkurencije “mnogih kapitala”, a unutar tog polja primjereno određenje “robe općenito” kao logičkog polazišta cjelokupnoga teorijskog sustava i vrijednosti kao zakona kretanja tržišnih cijena. Treće, primjereno je Kapitalu pristupiti iz dinamičke perspektive teorije socijetalnih ciklusa i cikličkoga razvoja; iz tendencijskih zakona povijesnog razvoja kapitalističke akumulacije valja razumjeti strukturu kapitala kao društvenog procesa proizvodnje, prometa i reprodukcije. Četvrto, razlikovanje marksovskoga (znanstvenog i kritičkog) od marksističkoga (ideologijskog i klasno zasnovanog) pristupa kritici političke ekonomije. Zatim se pomno prikazuje i kritički vrednuje Strpićevo intrigantno shvaćanje dvojstva klasičnih političkih teorija, koje se, po njegovu sudu, očituje kao razlikovanje između Machiavellijeve “politikologije”, koja politiku shvaća u kategorijama vlasti i vladanja, i Hobbesove “politologije”, kao sistematske znanosti o građanskoj zajednici. U tom se sklopu problematizira Strpićevo hobsističko politologijsko razumijevanje Marxa. Završno se pokušavaju dokučiti razlozi Marxova sustajanja u dovršavanju projekta kritike političke ekonomije, što njegove interprete suočava s jedva premostivim teorijskim poteškoćama u nastojanju da se Marxovo znanstveno nasljeđe razvija do moguće osnove suvremenih teorijskih i empirijskih istraživanja temeljnih problema našeg vremena.
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Pivovarenko, Alexander Al. "Local History or New Dimensions in Croatian-Italian Relations? A Review of a Book by F. Škiljan “Italians in Zagreb” [Škiljan F. Talijani u Zagrebu. Zagreb: Zajednica Talijana u Zagrebu, 2015. 95, 101 s.]." Slavic World in the Third Millennium 15, no. 3-4 (2020): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2020.15.3-4.13.
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This review is dedicated to the monograph by Filip Škiljan, а Researcher from the Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies (Zagreb), whose area of interest includes the position of ethnic minorities in contemporary Croatia. The book is an extremely detailed and scrupulous piece of research on the origins and history of the Italian community in Zagreb from the 12th Century to the present day. A significant part of the work is devoted to the results of field research conducted by the author, including interviews with different representatives of the Italian diaspora. As a result, this work creates a very comprehensive picture of the Italian presence in Zagreb with a broad historical perspective, which makes it a great contribution to the question of the position of the Italian minority in Croatia as a whole. It is worth emphasizing that this work is not free from different theoretical and methodological limitations which reveal a great deal about the historical and national psychology of Croatia. In this respect, it is quite interesting to look in particular at the chapter devoted to the Middle Ages regarding the methods, evaluations, and approaches used by author. According to F. Škiljan the Ottoman conquest of the Balkan peninsula led to the divide between Croatia and the Italian (and, consequently, European) civilizational space, which had a serious impact on Croatian identity.
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Clarke, G. K. C., G. M. Cross, and C. S. Benson. "Airborne UHF Radar Measurements of Caldera Geometry and Volcanic History, Mount Wrangell, Alaska, U.S.A." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260305500000707.
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The ice-filled caldera of Mount Wrangell, Alaska, provides an unusual opportunity to examine the interaction between a glacier and an active volcano. The caldera acts as a giant calorimeter, preserving a rough balance between snow precipitation at the glacier surface and bottom melting. In April 1982 we sounded the glacier using an airborne 840 MHz pulsed radar (Narod B B, Clarke G K C 1983 UHF radar system for airborne surveys of ice thickness. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 20(7): 1073–1086). The data were recorded on magnetic tape, then computer processed and plotted as depth, rather than time, sections. In addition to mapping ice thickness, we detected extensive internal layers presumed to have been deposited during past eruptions of Mount Wrangell. The challenge of interpreting these internal reflectors inspired us to develop a unified interpretation model that incorporates both glaciological measurements and phenomenological equations for firn and ice. The interpretation model yields the variation with surface-normal depth z of temperature T, heat flux q, ice pressure p, density ρ, surface-normal component of flow velocity w, down-slope component of flow velocity u, depositional age ta, two-way wave travel time τ2, and two-way propagation loss P2. The following system of linear differential equations is integrated using the Runge-Kutta method: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 together with physical property relations such as the following 10 11 12 13 14 The boundary conditions on the integration variables are T(0) = Ts,T(h) = TM, p(0) = 0, ρ(0) =ρs, w(0) = ws, u(h) = uB, t a(0) = 0, τ2(0) = 0, and P2(0) = 0, where Ts is surface temperature, TM is bottom temperature, ρs is surface density, ws is surface-normal velocity measured at the glacier surface, and uB is sliding velocity. The remaining variables are thermal conductivity K, specific heat capacity c, flow-law constant B0, creep activation energy Q, universal gas constant R, shape factor F, surface slope α, flow-law exponent n, gravity acceleration g, empirical constants m1, m2, and p* from Benson’s firn-densification law (Benson C S 1962 Stratigraphie studies in the snow and firn of the Greenland ice sheet. SIPRE Research Report 70), ice density ρI, surface value of two-dimensional flow divergence Δ0 = (∂u/∂x + ∂v/∂y)s, relative dielectric permittivity ∈, free-space electromagnetic wave velocity v0, propagation loss rate D,T0 = 273.16 °K, thermal conductivity of ice K.I, loss-law constant D0, and activation energy for propagation loss E. The units of temperature and density in the above equations are respectively K and kg m−3. Preliminary modelling has yielded an age-depth relationship for internal reflecting layers that roughly matches the known eruption record for Mount Wrangell and extends the volcanic history by more than 200 years. High signal absorption rates restrict interpretation of the caldera geometry. Reflections from the bed are not consistently detectable beyond a depth of approximately 350 m, suggesting a loss rate of 7–8 dB per 100 m of path length. The anomalous losses are attributed to abnormally high concentrations of ionic impurities and scattering sources.
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Clarke, G. K. C., G. M. Cross, and C. S. Benson. "Airborne UHF Radar Measurements of Caldera Geometry and Volcanic History, Mount Wrangell, Alaska, U.S.A." Annals of Glaciology 9 (1987): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/s0260305500000707.
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The ice-filled caldera of Mount Wrangell, Alaska, provides an unusual opportunity to examine the interaction between a glacier and an active volcano. The caldera acts as a giant calorimeter, preserving a rough balance between snow precipitation at the glacier surface and bottom melting. In April 1982 we sounded the glacier using an airborne 840 MHz pulsed radar (Narod B B, Clarke G K C 1983 UHF radar system for airborne surveys of ice thickness. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 20(7): 1073–1086). The data were recorded on magnetic tape, then computer processed and plotted as depth, rather than time, sections.In addition to mapping ice thickness, we detected extensive internal layers presumed to have been deposited during past eruptions of Mount Wrangell. The challenge of interpreting these internal reflectors inspired us to develop a unified interpretation model that incorporates both glaciological measurements and phenomenological equations for firn and ice. The interpretation model yields the variation with surface-normal depth z of temperature T, heat flux q, ice pressure p, density ρ, surface-normal component of flow velocity w, down-slope component of flow velocity u, depositional age ta, two-way wave travel time τ2, and two-way propagation loss P2. The following system of linear differential equations is integrated using the Runge-Kutta method:123456789 together with physical property relations such as the following 1011121314The boundary conditions on the integration variables are T(0) = Ts,T(h) = TM, p(0) = 0, ρ(0) =ρs, w(0) = ws, u(h) = uB, t a(0) = 0, τ2(0) = 0, and P2(0) = 0, where Ts is surface temperature, TM is bottom temperature, ρs is surface density, ws is surface-normal velocity measured at the glacier surface, and uB is sliding velocity. The remaining variables are thermal conductivity K, specific heat capacity c, flow-law constant B0, creep activation energy Q, universal gas constant R, shape factor F, surface slope α, flow-law exponent n, gravity acceleration g, empirical constants m1, m2, and p* from Benson’s firn-densification law (Benson C S 1962 Stratigraphie studies in the snow and firn of the Greenland ice sheet. SIPRE Research Report 70), ice density ρI, surface value of two-dimensional flow divergence Δ0 = (∂u/∂x + ∂v/∂y)s, relative dielectric permittivity ∈, free-space electromagnetic wave velocity v0, propagation loss rate D,T0 = 273.16 °K, thermal conductivity of ice K.I, loss-law constant D0, and activation energy for propagation loss E. The units of temperature and density in the above equations are respectively K and kg m−3.Preliminary modelling has yielded an age-depth relationship for internal reflecting layers that roughly matches the known eruption record for Mount Wrangell and extends the volcanic history by more than 200 years. High signal absorption rates restrict interpretation of the caldera geometry. Reflections from the bed are not consistently detectable beyond a depth of approximately 350 m, suggesting a loss rate of 7–8 dB per 100 m of path length. The anomalous losses are attributed to abnormally high concentrations of ionic impurities and scattering sources.
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Kim, Ray Dongryul. "Paradigm Conflicts among Allies: Historical Origins of the U. S.-ROK Split over North Korea." North Korean Review 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2010): 37–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3172/nkr.6.1.37.
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PERCHARD, ANDREW. "This Thing Called Goodwill: The Reynolds Metals Company and Political Networking in Wartime America." Enterprise & Society 20, no. 4 (August 27, 2019): 1044–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2019.25.
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This article examines the Reynolds Metals Company’s political networking activities in Washington, D.C., and the state capitals of the U.S. South in the 1940s and 1950s. It argues that Reynolds’ astute recruitment of senior staff from federal and state governments, its adept building of elite networks in the legislative and executive branches, its judicious espousing of key political rhetoric (antitrust, regional development, national security), as well as its nurturing of Democratic circles in the South were crucial to their attainment of competitive advantage. This saw the company rise from being a new entrant in the U.S. primary aluminum production during World War II to the second-largest national producer by 1946 and a major global player by the mid-1950s. This same political networking was critical in maintaining that advantage after World War II in the face of competition from the Aluminum Company of America and the Canadian multinational Aluminium Company of Canada. Both “wartime” (covering the period from World War II and into the Cold War) and the legacy of government intervention (from the early twentieth century until the 1960s, including the New Deal) provided a fertile context for RMC’s business strategy. The company’s success owed much to founder Richard S. Reynolds Sr.’s acumen in hiring the right people, creating or joining the right networks, having the right social capital, as well as his experiences and connections accrued from working with his uncle, the noted tobacco magnate R. J. Reynolds. The article offers insights into the nature of U.S. business–government relations.
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Fountain, Steven M. "Donald S. Johnson, La Salle: A Perilous Odyssey from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico. New York: Cooper Square Press, 2002. xxvii + 262 pp. ISBN 0-8154-1240-1." Itinerario 28, no. 1 (March 2004): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300019197.
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Van Den Auweele, Dirk. "Rechtshistorisch Onderzoek in België: 75 Jaar Canonistiek." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 61, no. 3 (1993): 349–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181993x00204.
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AbstractL'étude de l'histoire du droit canonique en Belgique (1918-1993) est portée, essentiellement, par les facultés de droit canonique de l'université de Louvain. Jusqu'en 1968 l'Université Catholique de Louvain (U. C.L. et K.U. Leuven) était dotée d'une faculté unitaire de droit canonique (Faculté de Droit canonique / Faculteit Kerkelijk Recht). En 1968, à l'occasion du "splitsing", deux facultés autonomes et indépendantes furent creées: une Faculté de Droit canonique à l' U. C.L. (Louvain-la-Neuve), qui s'intégrait très rapidement dans la Faculté de Théologie et qui perdait ainsi très vite sa spécificité - on vient d'ailleurs de la suspendre -; une Faculteit Kerkelijk Recht à la K. U. Leuven (Leuven) dotée d'un statut spécial et particulier ("bijzondere faculteit"), qui connaît une expansion toute relative (e.a. grâce à son orientation anglo-américaine). Evidemment, la position actuelle du droit canonique positif se caractérise par un rétrécissement grandissant, dû à la position de l'Eglise en tant qu'institution (la séparation de l'Eglise et de l'Etat) et, à l'intérieur de l'Eglise, à une perte certaine de sa fonctionnalité en faveur d'une approche théologique. Ces conditions particulières ne favorisent pas l'étude de l'histoire du droit canonique. Deux chercheurs éminents d'une renommée internationale, issus de ces facultés, ont déterminé l'étude du droit canonique: Monseigneur A. Van Hove (1872-1947) et le Chanoine Gérard Fransen (°1915). Van Hove doit sa renommée à ses études sur les rapports juridiques concernant la principauté de Liège, sur l'histoire de l'université de Louvain en général et, en particulier, sur la faculté de droit canonique et sur la doctrine médiévale, mais, avant tout, à ses Prolegomena. Parmi ces élèves on compte, e.a., H. Wagnon et W. Onclin. G. Fransen s'est concentré et se concentre davantage sur l'étude des manuscrits canoniques (analyses, stemmata codicum) et les sources canoniques (éditions critiques et approche typologique). On lui doit, e.a., une édition modèle de la Summa 'Elegantius in iure divino'seu Coloniensis, des contributions approfondies sur les collections canoniques, les décrétales et les collections de décrétales, les questiones et la doctrine canonique médiévale. Il compte parmi ses élèves, e.a., C. Van de Wiel, E. Van Balberghe et D. van den Auweele. Monseigneur H. Wagnon (1906-1983) et Monseigneur W. Onclin (1905-1989) ont largement contribué à l'étude de l'histoire de droit canonique. Wagnon était un spécialiste reconnu de relations entre l'Eglise et l'Etat au XIXe siècle. Le nom de Onclin, promoteur de Fransen, est associé à Vaticanum II et au nouveau Code de droit canonique (1983). L'étude de l'histoire du droit canonique ne se limite pas à ces facultés ni, d'ailleurs, à l'université de Louvain. Signalons, à titre d'exemple, les études de J. Warichez (Etienne de Tournai), M. Nuttinck (Zeger-Bernard Van Espen), de J. Roegiers, D. van den Auweele, W. Prevenier, P.C. Boeren, e.a. A l'université de Gand deux élèves de R.C. van Caenegem, à savoir D. Lambrecht et M. Vleeschouwers-Van Melkebeek, ont examiné la pratique judiciaire (la synode paroissiale, les officialités). L'avenir de l'histoire du droit canonique se situe dans la grande tradition instaurée par H. Kantorowicz, S. Kuttner, E. Kantorowicz, P. Legendre, G. Fransen, P. Landau (la genèse et la généalogie du droit canonique à partir du XIe-XIIe siècles, tout en conservant son approche érudite et scientifique classique (S. Kuttner, G. Fransen) et en s'alignant sur la voie tracée par P. Landau (la perspective de l'élaboration d'un droit européen).
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O'reilly, Marc J. "Aviel Roshwald, Ethnic Nationalism & the Fall of Empires: Central Europe, Russia & the Middle East, 1914–1923. New York: Routledge, 2001, xii, 273 pp." Nationalities Papers 31, no. 2 (June 2003): 225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905990307128.
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In early 2003, President George W. Bush touted the prospects for democratization in Iraq, as well as in adjacent countries of the Middle East, following a U. S.-led invasion. He neglected to explain, however, how a country home to Kurds, Arab Sunnis, and Arab Shi'a—groups that historically have not co-existed harmoniously—would adjust to new and imposed political arrangements. Both the Shi'a, who constitute a majority, and the Kurds seek to escape Sunni oppression, omnipresent since the creation of Iraq in the 1920s. Although democracy may end Sunni privilege, Washington's commitment to the territorial integrity of Iraq will likely dissatisfy some if not many Kurds and Shi'a, who, presumably, not only expect improved representation within an Iraqi parliament but also enhanced political and cultural autonomy. Nearly a century ago, similar yearnings manifested themselves only to remain unfulfilled. This theme of dashed expectations pervades Aviel Roshwald's superb book, Ethnic Nationalism & the Fall of Empires: Central Europe, Russia & the Middle East, 1914–1923.
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Ahmetović, Amir. "Social and political divisions in Bosnia and Herzegovina after the 1990 elections." Historijski pogledi 4, no. 5 (May 31, 2021): 163–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52259/historijskipogledi.2021.4.5.163.
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Bosnia and Herzegovina represents a very suitable experimental space for the analysis of integrative policy in the conditions, war and long-lasting crisis, of a devastated society which, due to the challenges of history, is deeply divided. In such a space, applying the analytical model designed and used by Seymour Lipset and Stein Rokan, the paper deals with the detection of social divisions that underlie party preferences in the 1990 elections for the Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Analyzes of pre-election and post-election activities of political entities show the existence of an important link between ethno-confessional characteristics and attitudes on political issues and party preferences, which in accordance with the used theoretical model creates preconditions for talking about social divisions that have turned into party divisions. It can be determined that they are bh. political parties formed, with all their specifics, on the basic lines of Bosnia and Herzegovina social divisions. In the analysis of the relationship between social and political space and the influence of the structure of society on political relations and divisions, it is possible to determine that party divisions and divisions, their segmentation and polarization are conditioned, above all, by the depth and dynamics of fundamental Bosnia and Herzegovina social divisions. The divisions that emerged in the pre-election period of 1990 (we can conditionally define them as divisions communism vs anti-communism) were pushed into the background in the first post-election year and priority was given to the split that S. Lipset and S. Rokan defined as the center-periphery split. (or the territorial-cultural split as, after adaptation, Professor Nenad Zakošek called it). The second part of the paper presents an overview of the most important political parties in the 1990 elections and continues to examine the applicability of S. Lipset and S. Rokan's theory of turning social divisions into party divisions, this time in the first year of ethno-confessional parties in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Analyzing the basic lines of historical ethnic and confessional divisions in Bosnia and Herzegovina society and in the sphere of political (sub) system through indicators such as: predominant (ethnic, confessional, linguistic, cultural and regional) identifications, the relationship between ethno-confessional and civil, the relationship to the rights and freedoms guaranteed in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the Constitution, the attitude towards different solutions to the state question (remaining in the common state of Yugoslavia vs. the independent Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina) tested the hypothesis that historical lines of ethno-confessional splits represent the basic determinant of political goals. It can be seen that the territorial-cultural divide (primarily in the form of center-periphery conflict) is actually a kind of complete split, given that it is a split that involves conflict between stable social groups (residents of the center and periphery but also members of different ethnic and confessional communities). In the Bosnia and Herzegovina case, these are (ethnic and confessional) communities that have different views on the most important issues of the social organization of the common state, which results in open conflict on the political scene in the form of voting for different political options, which can be transformed by ethnopolitical elites. (very easily) into various forms of violence against others and different in the territory that is under their political (and police) control.
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Suzdaltsev, Ilya. "Modern English Historiography of the Communist International: A General Overview." Novaia i noveishaia istoriia, no. 4 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640013465-9.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of the 21st-century English-language historiography of the Communist International. Contemporary historians are showing increasing interest in the study of this international organization. Three available conceptual approaches to this topic (“traditionalist”, “revisionist”, and “post-revisionist”) are considered and characterized, the works of historians from Great Britain, the USA, Canada, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand are analyzed. The article demonstrates an increase in research interest in the Communist International. In a fairly large volume of studies, there are monographs and articles devoted to the organization both directly (the historiography of the Comintern, the activities of its sections around the world, etc.) and indirectly, i.e., to related issues such as the history of communism, in particular, and the left forces, in general, international relations of Soviet Russia, the communist movement in individual countries, etc. These studies touch on the period of the Comintern's activity from 1920 to the end of the 1930s, including several controversial issues: the impact on the policy of the national communist parties of the “The Twenty-one Conditions”, united front tactics, Bolshevization, Stalinization, and the Popular Front. The author believes that most of the studies (especially those published in the first decade of the 21st century) are based on studies published long before the 2000s, however, archival materials are being used in increasing volumes, which makes modern research more objective. This gives grounds for a conclusion about the revision of the historiographic tradition of the Comintern that existed in the 20th century: new approaches (“revisionist” and “post-revisionist”) entailed a change in emphasis and a revision of some established points of view. Authors adhering to these approaches rely mainly on modern literature (including Russian) and a wide source base represented by materials from both national archives and the Russian State Archives of Social-Political History.
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Kirkey, Christopher. "Delineating Maritime Boundaries: The 1977-78 Canada-U. S. Beaufort Sea Continental Shelf Delimitation Boundary Negotiations." Canadian Review of American Studies 25, no. 2 (January 1995): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cras-025-02-03.
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Mackenzie, Hector. "Golden Decade(s)? Reappraising Canada's International Relations in the 1940s and 1950s." British Journal of Canadian Studies 23, no. 2 (September 2010): 179–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bjcs.2010.10.
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ANWER, SHAHNAZ, MUHAMMAD YOUNIS KHAN, and SHEIKH ATIQ-UR REHMAN. "RISK FACTORS;." Professional Medical Journal 16, no. 04 (December 10, 2009): 518–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.04.2730.
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O b j e c t i v e : To determine the risk factors associated with hepatitis B and C carriers versus healthy pregnant women. Materiala n d M e t h o d s : It was a single center based, cross sectional comparative study, conducted at Gynae ward II, B-V hospital Bahawalpur. Durationof study was from March to August 2008.100 patients were enrolled in the two groups, 50 HbsAg/Anti HCV positive women (cases) to comparewith 50 healthy women (controls) match for parity. The data were recorded on a proforma. R e s u l t s : 100 pregnant women were enrolled. Sixtyeight (68.0%) were aged 25 years or less with a mean age ± S.D of 24.62 ± 3.40. Ten (20%) women had HBV and 40(80%) were HCV positive.The risk factors were compared between the two groups by uni-variate and multivariate analysis which showed that history of dental treatment,blood transfusion, surgery, parenteral treatment and jaundice were significant risk factors for hepatitis B and C carrier status. C o n c l u s i o n :There appears to be a strong co-relation of history of blood transfusion and dental treatment with HbsAg/ Anti HCV carrier state in pregnantwomen. The anti HCV seropositivity was appreciably high (80%) as compared to HbsAg (20%) in carrier pregnant women.
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Guy, Will. "“No Soft Touch”: Romani Migration to the U. K. at the Turn of the Twenty-first Century." Nationalities Papers 31, no. 1 (March 2003): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0090599032000058848.
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This paper discusses Romani migration to the U. K. from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) in the closing years of the twentieth century, with particular reference to the Czech and Slovak Republics. These case studies were chosen to illustrate wider points because they are the best documented, particularly with regard to illuminating sociological research on motivations for migration. Comparisons with similar migration to Canada shed further light on the situation. Refugees from these CEE countries have met a hostile reception in the U. K. It is argued here, however, that popular ignorance alone does not provide a sufficient explanation for this hostility: rather, the condemnation of Romani asylum seekers is seen as an expression of a deep-rooted and long-standing anxiety in the U. K. about immigration and its potential consequences. In spite of their relatively insignificant numbers, Roma have acted as convenient motifs in this ongoing discourse, being assigned a prominent symbolic role at a time of heightened political sensitivity.
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Suryana, Dadan, Fitriana Sari Khairma, Novi Engla Sari, Lina, Farida Mayar, and Sri Satria. "Star of The Week Programs Based on Peer Relationship for Children Social Emotional Development." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 14, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 288–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.142.07.
Full textAbstract:
The influence of family, school and peers on students' emotional social development is very important as a starting point for the design of school activities that will also improve student development in an integral way. The Star of the Week program was developed with the aim of helping students apply the knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to socialize and understand and manage emotions. This study uses the Thiagarajan model stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate (4D). The results of the validity test from the experts show that this program has workable value with 91.1% material aspects, 90% emotional development aspects and 92% presentation aspects. For the practicality test results through teacher questionnaires obtained scores of 90%, and 88.67% through teacher observations of children who are in the high practical category. The results of the program effectiveness test showed a value of 89.08% on children's social-emotional development, because it showed an increase in values before and after the intervention. The implication of further research is that it is hoped that various kinds of learning methods will develop aspects of child development based on cooperation and peer relationships.
Keywords: Early Childhood, Peer Relationships, Star of the Week Program, Social Emotional
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Sweeney, Jon D., and Jean J. Turgeon. "LIFE CYCLE AND PHENOLOGY OF A CONE MAGGOT, STROBILOMYIA APPALACHENSIS MICHELSEN (DIPTERA: ANTHOMYIIDAE), ON BLACK SPRUCE, PICEA MARIANA (MILL.) B.S.P., IN EASTERN CANADA." Canadian Entomologist 126, no. 1 (February 1994): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent12649-1.
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AbstractThe life cycle of Strobilomyia appalachensis Michelsen, a maggot exploiting black spruce seed cones, was studied in two plantations in northern Ontario in 1987 and 1988, and two seed orchards in New Brunswick in 1991 and 1992. Oviposition by S. appalachensis occurs slightly later than the white spruce cone maggot, S. neanthracina Michelsen, relative to seed cone development; otherwise the life cycles of the two species are similar. Adults were trapped near host foliage in May and early June. Eggs were laid between the scales of seed cones during early June, starting when the scales on most cones were closed and ending 1 week after cones were fully pendant. Up to five eggs per cone were observed but single eggs were most common. The first larval molt occurred within the egg chorion and second-instar larvae emerged from the egg. Second-instar larvae were found in the cones during the 2nd and 3rd week of June, and third instars from the 3rd week of June until mid to late July. Larvae tunneled around the cone axis and destroyed an average of 60% of the total seed per cone before exiting and dropping to the soil. Larval drop occurred from late June to late July and was significantly correlated with periods of rainfall. Mature larvae moved into the duff and overwintered in the soil as pupae. Aspects of the maggot’s life history are discussed in relation to pest management strategies.
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Smith, Keith. "A Glimmer of Hope: A Review of Recent Works on the Relations between Indigenous Peoples and Settler SocietyCompact, Contract, Covenant: Aboriginal Treaty-Making in Canada. By J.R. Miller. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2009. 448 pp. $35.00 (paper) ISBN 9780802095152.Home is the Hunter: The James Bay Cree and Their Land. By Hans M. Carlson. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2008. 344 pp. $85.00 (cloth) ISBN 9780774814942. $34.95 (paper) ISBN 9780774814959.The Importance of Being Monogamous: Marriage and Nation Building in Western Canada to 1915. By Sarah Carter. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press and Athabasca University Press, 2008. 383 pp. $34.95 (paper) ISBN 9780888644909.The Indian Commissioners: Agents of the State and Indian Policy in Canada’s Prairie West, 1873-1932. By Brian Titley. Edmonton: University of Alberta Press, 2009. 266 pp. $39.95 (cloth) ISBN 9780888644893.Lament for a First Nation: The Williams Treaties of Southern Ontario. By Peggy Blair. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2008. 352 pp. $85.00 (cloth) ISBN 9780774815123. $34.95 (paper) ISBN 9780774815130.Landing Native Fisheries: Indian Reserves and Fishing Rights in British Columbia, 1849-1925. By Douglas C. Harris. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2008. 256 pp. $85.00 (cloth) ISBN 9780774814195. $34.95 (paper) ISBN 9780774814201.Lines Drawn upon the Water: First Nations and the Great Lakes Borders and Borderlands. Ed. Karl S. Hele. Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2008. 378 pp. $85.00 (cloth) ISBN 9781554580040.Makúk: A New History of Aboriginal-White Relations. By John Sutton Lutz. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 2008. 448 pp. $85.00 (cloth) ISBN 9780774811392. $34.95 (paper) ISBN 9780774811408.The Red Indians: An Episodic, Informal Collection of Tales from the History of Aboriginal People’s Struggles in Canada. By Peter Kulchyski. Winnipeg: Arbeiter Ring, 2007. 158 pp. $19.95 (paper) ISBN 9781894037259." Journal of Canadian Studies 44, no. 2 (February 2010): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.44.2.219.
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White, Chris E., Sandra M. Barr, Donald W. Davis, David S. Swanton, John W. F. Ketchum, and Peter H. Reynolds. "Field relations, age, and tectonic setting of metamorphic and plutonic rocks in the Creignish Hills – North Mountain area, southwestern Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada." Atlantic Geology 52 (February 4, 2016): 037. http://dx.doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2016.003.
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The Creignish Hills and North Mountain areas of southwestern Cape Breton Island consist mostly of Neoproterozoic rocks typical of the Ganderian Bras d’Or terrane. U-Pb ages presented here for detrital zircon in the Blues Brook Formation of the Creignish Hills confirm a depositional age no greater than about 600 Ma. Although it is possible that some components of the formation are much older, similarities in rock types and field relations suggest that this is not the case. It is likely that the equivalent Malagawatch Formation of the North Mountain area, as well as high-grade metasedimentary rocks of the Melford Formation and Chuggin Road complex in the Creignish Hills and Lime Hill gneiss complex in the North Mountain area, represent the same or stratigraphically equivalent units as the Blues Brook Formation. The minimum ages of all of these units are constrained by cross-cutting syn- and post-tectonic plutons with ages mostly between 565 and 550 Ma, indicating that sediments were deposited, regionally metamorphosed, deformed, and intruded by plutons in less than 40–50 million years. The assemblage of pelitic, psammitic, and carbonate rocks indicates that a passive margin in a tropical climate was quickly changed to an active Andean-type continental margin in which voluminous calcalkaline dioritic to granitic plutons were emplaced. This sedimentary and tectonic history is characteristic of the Bras d’Or terrane and is shared by its likely correlative, the Brookville terrane in southern New Brunswick.
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Kramar, Kirsten, and Richard Jochelson. "Governing Through Harm to Promote Liberal Values: The Canadian Approach to Obscenity and Indecency Following R. v. Labaye." Canadian Journal of Sociology 36, no. 4 (December 21, 2011): 283–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjs9373.
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This paper traces the history of the Supreme Court of Canada’s construction of harm(s)
tests in the context of its obscenity and indecency jurisprudence from Hicklin (1868)
through Labaye (2005). At the core of these tests is a functionality linked to presumptive
societal norms. The contemporary harm assemblages are risk-based, and concern the
maintenance of cohesion, organized in relation to the impact of obscenity or indecency on
abstract political values rather than concretized sexual subjects. What is more, the Labaye
Court has constituted an expanded harms-based test which reifies risk of harm as
tantamount to proven harm while propagating the nimble lie that Courts are required to
rely on expert opinion evidence of harm, when the Courts, in fact, rely on their own
judgment. Ultimately, the Court is still concerned in the main with the proper functioning
of society, targeting those whose conduct is deemed harmful to a particular view of
society.
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FitzGerald, JM, DE Fester, MM Morris, M. Schulzer, FE Hargreave, and MR Sears. "Relation of Airway Responsiveness to Methacholine to Parent and Child Reporting of Symptoms Suggecting Asthma." Canadian Respiratory Journal 3, no. 2 (1996): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/631713.
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BACKGROUND:The lack of a relationship between airway responsiveness and respiratory symptoms in epidemiological studies of children may, in part, reflect inaccuracies in symptom reporting or inadequate knowledge by the parent of the child's symptoms.OBJECTIVE:To relate airway responsiveness to methacholine in children with symptoms of respiratory illness in the child as reported by the parent and as reported by the child.POPULATION:Eight- to 10-year-old (n=290) randomly sampled schoolchildren.SETTING:Seven randomly selected schools in Ontario.METHODS:Parents completed a mailed questionnaire regarding the child's respiratory health. Children completed a similar interview-administered questionnaire at school and underwent methacholine challenge testing by the tidal breathing method.RESULTS:The cumulative prevalence of a history of physician-diagnosed asthma was 9.0%, and of any wheezing it was 25.5%. A further 9% of children reported wheezing not documented by their parent. Of 229 children consenting to methacholine challenge, 78 (34.1%) showed airway responsiveness in the range generally associated with asthma in adults (provocation concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall [PC20] in forced expired volume in 1 s [FEV1] 8 mg/mL or less); half of these children had no history of respiratory symptoms reported by the parent. The sensitivity of airway hyperresponsiveness defined by a cut-point for PC208 mg/mL or less in relation to any history of recurrent wheezing reported by the parent was 48% and did not improve if only symptoms within the past year were considered (sensitivity 44%); the specificity of the test for parent-reported symptoms ever was 71%, and 68% in those with symptoms in the past year. None of these sensitivities or specificities was increased by using symptoms reported by the child or by combining parent and child reported symptoms. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for sensitivity and specificity of the methacholine test were constructed for parent and child reports of symptoms. For all symptom strata, the cut-point of PC20producing optimal balance of sensitivity and specificity was between 4 and 8 mg/mL. A parental questionnaire positive for physician-diagnosed asthma was strongly related to methacholine response, producing an ROC curve with an area significantly different from 0.5 (P=0.006), as did all parent-reported wheezing (P=0.009). If the child reported asthma, there was an equally strong relationship, with a positive ROC curve (P=0.001), as there was for all child-reported wheezing (P=0.048).CONCLUSIONS:Airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in children relates closely with asthma and wheezing reported by either the parent or the child. In addition, the results confirm that respiratory symptoms and airway hyperresponsiveness are common in Canadian children, and that airway hyperresponsiveness may be found in children with no history of respiratory illness either at present or in the past.
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Errington, Jane. "A Renewal of Interest: The Writing of Colonial History Jane ErringtonPRE-CONFEDERATION CANADA: THE STRUCTURE OF CANADIAN H!STORYTO 1867. J.L. Finlay. Scarborough: Prentice Hall, 1990.LE CANADA ET LA REVOLUTJON FRAN<; AISE. Ed. Pierre H. Bou lie and Richard A. Lebnm. Montreal: lntenmiversity Centre for European Studies, 1989.THE WAROF1812:THEWARTHATBOTH SIDES WON. Wesley Turner. Toronto: Dundurn Press, 1990.OTTAWA RIVER CANALS AND THE DEFENCE OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. Robert Legget. Toronto: Universit of Toronto Press, 1988.BORDER DIPLOMACY: THE CAROLINE AND MCLEOD AFFAIRS IN ANGLOAMERICAN- CANADIAN RELATIONS, 1837-1842. KennethR. Stevens. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1989.PATRONS, CLIENTS, BROKERS: ONTARJO SOCIETY AND POLITICS, 1791-1896. S.J. R. Noel. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990.HISTORY AS SCIENCE OR LITERATURE: EXPLAINING CANADIAN CONFEDERATION, 1858-67. Ged Martin. Canada House Lecture Series 41. London: Canadian High Commission, 1989.OLD ONTARJO: ESSAYS IN HONOUR OF J .M. S. CARELESS. Ed. David Keane and Colin Read. Toronto: D11nd11111 Press, 1990." Journal of Canadian Studies 26, no. 3 (August 1991): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.26.3.175.
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Gournay, Isabelle, and Jane C. Loeffler. "Washington and Ottawa: A Tale of Two Embassies." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 61, no. 4 (December 1, 2002): 480–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/991870.
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In 1927, when the United States and Canada established their first relatively unpretentious legations in Ottawa and Washington, no one imagined how quickly they would become functionally and symbolically obsolete. By the end of World War II, both countries were seeking to expand their office space, and by the late 1960s, they were looking for ways to build new buildings. Each understood that the challenge was how most effectively to enhance the building's diplomatic presence. At the same time, planners in both capitals saw these projects as means of reinforcing the city's governmental core and promoting urbanity and civic identity. They encouraged the two governments to choose conspicuous downtown locations of great symbolic significance. Arthur Erickson designed the Canadian Embassy (1981-89), which stands on Pennsylvania Avenue at the foot of Capitol Hill, and David M. Childs headed the team at Skidmore, Owings & Merrill that designed the U. S. Embassy (1994-99) for an equally prominent site across from Ottawa's Parliament. Both architects faced daunting challenges: how to create a multipurpose structure to accommodate an array of different government offices; how to make a bold statement of national identity while showing respect for the host city and its urban design; and how to reconcile openness and accessibility with ever-increasing demands for security. This study examines architecture's role in public diplomacy and uses the two chanceries to explore the process through which design becomes purposeful civic achievement.
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Dzelebdzic, Dejan. "Jedan zanemareni aspekt simbolike jabuke u vizantijskoj knjizevnosti - povodom Vita Basilii, 4. 14-20." Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, no. 41 (2004): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi0441123d.
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(francuski) Cet article s'int?resse ? la signification symbolique de la pomme dans deux l?gendes byzantines. La premi?re de ces l?gendes relate la rencontre entre le khan bulgare Omourtag et le jeune Basile (Vita Basilii, 4. 14-20), lorsque le khan offre au jeune gar?on une pomme, ce qui a ?t? interpr?t? comme un signe annon?ant que cet enfant deviendrait plus tard empereur. La seconde a trait au choix de l'?pouse de l'empereur Th?ophile d'apr?s la version qu'en offre la vie de Theodora (??oz Theod?raz, 3. 6-46), en vertu de laquelle il est possible de conclure que dans cette histoire la pomme symbolise non seulement une offre de mariage (comme il est possible d'en conclure d'apr?s une seconde version conserv?e chez les chroniqueurs byzantins), mais aussi la transmission de l'autorit? imp?riale ? la future imp?ratrice. En se fondant sur ces deux l?gendes il est possible d'?tablir que dans la tradition byzantine la pomme ?tait, entre autre, per?ue comme un symbole de l'autorit? imp?riale, et ce nonobstant la raret? des t?moignages attestant une telle perception. Cette symbolique est confirm?e par une pr?diction turque dans laquelle il est dit que la pomme rouge repr?sente ?une grande ville imp?riale bien rempar?e?, ce qui se rapporte avant tout, vraisemblablement, ? Constantinople, ainsi que par un r?cit populaire serbe, dans lequel le nouvel empereur est choisi en jetant une pomme en l'air, l'?lu ?tant celui sur laquelle la pomme retombe. La l?gende tir?e de Vita Basilii peut ?tre mise en relation avec l'histoire d'H?rodote sur la fondation de la dynastie mac?donienne des Arg?ades par Perdiccas (Herodotus 8. 137-139). Il existe en effet de nombreuses ressemblances entre ces deux histoires: 1) Perdiccas tout comme Basile se sont retrouv?s, alors qu'ils ?taient encore enfants, dans un pays ?tranger 2) Tous deux, ? la veille de quitter ce pays, ont re?u du souverain un cadeau (plus pr?cis?ment un salaire dans l'histoire d'H?rodote) 3) Ce geste a ?t? compris par les entourages des souverains respectifs comme un pr?sage que ces enfants deviendraient plus tard eux m?me souverains, alors que les souverains, eux-m?me, n'en ?taient pas conscients. La seule diff?rence r?side dans la nature des cadeaux, Perdiccas ayant re?u un soleil d'apr?s le r?cit d'H?rodote. Toutefois, certaines sources venant confirmer que la pomme pouvait avoir une symbolique solaire, vraisemblablement en raison de sa couleur (or ou rouge) et de sa forme (chez Jean le G?om?tre, v. Progymnasmata, 23. 3-7 et Eustathe de Thessalonique, v. Opuscula, ?d. Tafel, 308, 19-22), il est permis de supposer que cette substitution n'a rien de fortuit. Dans la seconde partie de cet article l'auteur constate qu'approximativement ? la m?me ?poque o? ont ?t? enregistr?es ces deux l?gendes byzantines, certains ?crivains byzantins (de la seconde moiti? du dixi?me si?cle) commencent ? utiliser le mot m?lon au lieu du mot spha?ra ou p?loz, jusqu'alors usuels, afin de d?signer le globe tenu en main par les repr?sentations d'empereurs byzantins, qui, comme l'attestent de nombreuses sources byzantines, symbolise le pouvoir de l'empereur byzantin sur l'ensemble de l'oecum?n?e. L'auteur constate toutefois, malgr? cette co?ncidence chronologique, que l'existence d'un lien entre les l?gendes ?voqu?es ci-dessus et ce ph?nom?ne philologique est peu probable, compte tenu qu'en grec, et non seulement en grec, toute forme sph?rique peut ?tre appel?e pomme. Finalement, l'auteur rel?ve plusieurs cas de transfert de ce ph?nom?ne philologique dans d'autres langues. Certaines raisons permettent ainsi de penser que l'emploi du mot pomme pour d?signer le globus cruciger en latin a ?t? repris du grec. Il en est de m?me, et ce avec une plus grande certitude, pour le russe. En l'occurrence lorsque trois p?lerins russes (St?phane de Novgorod, un Anonyme et Zosime) ont visit? Constantinople au cours de la seconde moiti? du XIVe et au d?but du XVe si?cle, ils ont appel? pomme le globe tenu en main par la statue ?questre de Justinien, ce qui signifie qu'ils ont vraisemblablement repris ici le terme employ? par les guides constantinopolitains qui se tenaient ? leur disposition.
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Evans, S. G., O. Hungr, and E. G. Enegren. "The Avalanche Lake rock avalanche, Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada: description, dating, and dynamics." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 5 (October 1, 1994): 749–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-086.
Full textAbstract:
At Avalanche Lake, located in the Backbone Ranges of the Mackenzie Mountains, about 200 × 106 m3 of massive Devonian carbonate rock slid down remarkably planar bedding surfaces dipping at 30° and created a spectacular runup on the opposite valley side onto a topographic feature called the Shelf. The interpretation of events at Avalanche Lake has recently been subject to controversy. It has been argued by other workers that the rock avalanche could not have run onto the Shelf without glacier ice partially filling the valley, thus reducing the magnitude of the actual runup, and implying that the rock avalanche took place at the end of the Pleistocene. Evidence is presented indicating that the rock avalanche occurred in an ice-free environment. It consists of the nature of the detachment surface, the morphology and location of the rock avalanche debris, the presence of levees in the debris and isolated patches of debris on valley-side slopes, and the entrainment of alluvial deposits and conifer fragments from the valley floor in the Shelf Lobe debris. In addition, radiocarbon ages obtained from entrained wood in the debris, converted to calendric years, indicate that the landslide took place in this millennium, with a 95% probability of it having occurred no earlier than 1440 A.D. No glacier ice then existed in the valley. Based on this evidence the behaviour of the rock avalanche is reconstructed. It is characterized by dramatic mobility in which the rock avalanche split into two parts. The west part smashed into the opposite valley side and about 5 × 106 m3 rode up onto the Shelf. The remainder (155 × 106 m3) fell back into the valley, partially running back up the detachment surface to an elevation 360 m above the valley, and then, reversing direction again, ran back into the valley bottom where it was deposited. The east part, the South Lobe (40 × 106 m3), ran down a valley reentrant opposite the detachment surface. The maximum vertical drop in the path is 1220 m, and the maximum runup is 640 m. The fahrböschung is 8° for the Shelf Lobe and 10° for the South Lobe. An analysis of the movement of the centre of gravity using a version of Koerner's dynamic model simulates the runup onto the Shelf, indicating that the presence of glacier ice is not necessary to account for the runup magnitude. Estimated maximum velocities during the movement reached 80 m/s. The runup is the highest recorded and on an empirical runup plot is highly anomalous in relation to the height of the descent slope. The case history illustrates the limitation of a dynamic model applied to a rock avalanche when it is assumed that the centre of gravity of the mass is displaced from the highest point on the detachment surface to the farthest tip of the debris. It also demonstrates that massive detachments have taken place in the Mackenzie Mountains in the comparatively recent past. Key words : rock avalanche, runup, Avalanche Lake, dynamics, radiocarbon dating, Mackenzie Mountains.
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Betteridge, K., A. D. Mackay, T. G. Shepherd, D. J. Barker, P. J. Budding, B. P. Devantier, and D. A. Costall. "Effect of cattle and sheep treading on surface configuration of a sedimentary hill soil." Soil Research 37, no. 4 (1999): 743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr97014.
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Pastures with a 6-year history of grazing by cattle (cattle pasture) and sheep (sheep pasture) were used to measure the effects on soil disturbance of a single severe grazing/treading event by sheep (S), one by cattle (C1), or 2 events within 3 weeks by cattle (C2). Treatments were stocked at 35 500 kg LW 0·9 /ha (≡ 200 cattle/ha) for 48 h when the soil was wetter than the plastic limit. A control plot (untrodden, U) was grazed only lightly by sheep to control pasture cover while causing minimal observable surface damage. Change in surface contour, random roughness, soil surface damage, and pasture cover were determined with a ‘contometer’. The construction and use of the contometer to measure change in microtopography and to describe the soil surface and vegetative state by grazing is described. Disturbance was calculated as the change in height (mm) of soil level at fixed positions along transects within treatment plots. Both sheep and cattle pastures were affected similarly (P > 0·05) in relation to absolute and net disturbance of soils. Averaged across both pasture types, very little absolute surfacesoil disturbance was measured on S, whereas cattle-treading caused significant upward and downward movement of soil. Mean ( s.d.) absolute surface disturbance (sum of upward and downward movement on a transect) was greater by cattle (C1, 11·2 8·1; C2, 9·9 5·0 mm) than by sheep (5·1 1·8 mm) (P < 0·01) after the single treading and 9·0 4·1 mm for C2 after the second treading. Net disturbance (average of upward and downward movement on atransect) was 1·9 4·0, 1·8 4·0, and 3·0 1·8 mm for C1, C2, and S (P > 0·05), respectively, after the first treading and 4·1 3·7 mm for C2 after the second treading. Cumulative net disturbance resulting from C2 on sheep pasture was greater than on cattle pasture (P <0·05), especially after the first treading, suggesting sheep pasture was more susceptible to compaction than the previously damaged cattle pasture. Random roughness and percentage of surface soil penetrated by hooves, based on observation, was greater following cattle than sheep treading. Random roughness tended to increase more (P < 0·07) following treading of sheep than of cattle pastures, which were already rougher. It was concluded that the effect on soil surface configuration of severe short-term treading events on wet soils was greater by cattle than by sheep stocked at the same metabolic liveweight per hectare and that this occurred irrespective of the previous grazing history. Although absolute disturbance in each of the 2 cattle treadings in C2 was similar, net disturbance (compaction) on sheep pasture was more than twice that on cattle pasture (P < 0· 05).
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 76, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2002): 117–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002550.
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-James Sidbury, Peter Linebaugh ,The many-headed Hydra: Sailors, slaves, commoners, and the hidden history of the revolutionary Atlantic. Boston: Beacon Press, 2000. 433 pp., Marcus Rediker (eds)-Ray A. Kea, Herbert S. Klein, The Atlantic slave trade. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1999. xxi + 234 pp.-Johannes Postma, P.C. Emmer, De Nederlandse slavenhandel 1500-1850. Amsterdam: De Arbeiderspers, 2000. 259 pp.-Karen Racine, Mimi Sheller, Democracy after slavery: Black publics and peasant radicalism in Haiti and Jamaica. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. xv + 224 pp.-Clarence V.H. Maxwell, Michael Craton ,Islanders in the stream: A history of the Bahamian people. Volume two: From the ending of slavery to the twenty-first century. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998. xv + 562 pp., Gail Saunders (eds)-César J. Ayala, Guillermo A. Baralt, Buena Vista: Life and work on a Puerto Rican hacienda, 1833-1904. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. xix + 183 pp.-Elizabeth Deloughrey, Thomas W. Krise, Caribbeana: An anthology of English literature of the West Indies 1657-1777. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999. xii + 358 pp.-Vera M. Kutzinski, John Gilmore, The poetics of empire: A study of James Grainger's The Sugar Cane (1764). London: Athlone Press, 2000. x + 342 pp.-Sue N. Greene, Adele S. Newson ,Winds of change: The transforming voices of Caribbean women writers and scholars. New York: Peter Lang, 1998. viii + 237 pp., Linda Strong-Leek (eds)-Sue N. Greene, Mary Condé ,Caribbean women writers: Fiction in English. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1999. x + 233 pp., Thorunn Lonsdale (eds)-Cynthia James, Simone A. James Alexander, Mother imagery in the novels of Afro-Caribbean women. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2001. x + 214 pp.-Efraín Barradas, John Dimitri Perivolaris, Puerto Rican cultural identity and the work of Luis Rafael Sánchez. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000. 203 pp.-Peter Redfield, Daniel Miller ,The internet: An ethnographic approach. Oxford: Berg Publishers, 2000. ix + 217 pp., Don Slater (eds)-Deborah S. Rubin, Carla Freeman, High tech and high heels in the global economy: Women, work, and pink-collar identities in the Caribbean. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2000. xiii + 334 pp.-John D. Galuska, Norman C. Stolzoff, Wake the town and tell the people: Dancehall culture in Jamaica. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2000. xxviii + 298 pp.-Lise Waxer, Helen Myers, Music of Hindu Trinidad: Songs from the Indian Diaspora. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998. xxxii + 510 pp.-Lise Waxer, Peter Manuel, East Indian music in the West Indies: Tan-singing, chutney, and the making of Indo-Caribbean culture. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000. xxv + 252 pp.-Reinaldo L. Román, María Teresa Vélez, Drumming for the Gods: The life and times of Felipe García Villamil, Santero, Palero, and Abakuá. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2000. xx + 210 pp.-James Houk, Kenneth Anthony Lum, Praising his name in the dance: Spirit possession in the spiritual Baptist faith and Orisha work in Trinidad, West Indies. Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers. xvi + 317 pp.-Raquel Romberg, Jean Muteba Rahier, Representations of Blackness and the performance of identities. Westport CT: Bergin & Garvey, 1999. xxvi + 264 pp.-Allison Blakely, Lulu Helder ,Sinterklaasje, kom maar binnen zonder knecht. Berchem, Belgium: EPO, 1998. 215 pp., Scotty Gravenberch (eds)-Karla Slocum, Nicholas Mirzoeff, Diaspora and visual culture: Representing Africans and Jews. London: Routledge, 2000. xiii + 263 pp.-Corey D.B. Walker, Paget Henry, Caliban's reason: Introducing Afro-Caribbean philosophy. New York: Routledge, 2000. xiii + 304 pp.-Corey D.B. Walker, Lewis R. Gordon, Existentia Africana: Understanding Africana existential thought. New York; Routledge, 2000. xiii +228 pp.-Alex Dupuy, Bob Shacochis, The immaculate invasion. New York: Viking, 1999. xix + 408 pp.-Alex Dupuy, John R. Ballard, Upholding democracy: The United States military campaign in Haiti, 1994-1997. Westport CT: Praeger, 1998. xviii + 263 pp.-Anthony Payne, Jerry Haar ,Canadian-Caribbean relations in transition: Trade, sustainable development and security. London: Macmillan, 1999. xxii + 255 pp., Anthony T. Bryan (eds)-Bonham C. Richardson, Sergio Díaz-Briquets ,Conquering nature: The environmental legacy of socialism in Cuba. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2000. xiii + 328 pp., Jorge Pérez-López (eds)-Neil L. Whitehead, Gérard Collomb ,Na'na Kali'na: Une histoire des Kali'na en Guyane. Petit Bourg, Guadeloupe: Ibis Rouge Editions, 2000. 145 pp., Félix Tiouka (eds)-Neil L. Whitehead, Upper Mazaruni Amerinidan District Council, Amerinidan Peoples Association of Guyana, Forest Peoples Programme, Indigenous peoples, land rights and mining in the Upper Mazaruni. Nijmegan, Netherlands: Global Law Association, 2000. 132 pp.-Salikoko S. Mufwene, Ronald F. Kephart, 'Broken English': The Creole language of Carriacou. New York: Peter Lang, 2000. xvi + 203 pp.-Salikoko S. Mufwene, Velma Pollard, Dread talk: The language of Rastafari. Kingston: Canoe Press: Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. Revised edition, 2000. xv + 117 pp.
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Yıldırım, İrfan, Özkan Işık, Gözde Ersöz, Melek Büyükkök, Güler Zengin, and Özge Özel. "Correlation between depression and eating attitudes and behaviors among those who performed regular physical activitiesDüzenli fiziksel aktivite yapan bireylerde depresyon ve yeme tutum davranışları ilişkisi." Journal of Human Sciences 13, no. 2 (August 23, 2016): 3590. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i2.3899.
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The current study aimed at identifying correlational status between depression level and eating attitudes and behaviors among those who performed regular physical activities. The study designed in descriptive model was done with relational screening model. The sample of the study was composed of 294 individuals who performed regular physical activities at least three days a week in Afyonkarahisar Province. The data of the study were collected using a questionnaire consisted of Personal Information Form, Eating Attitudes Scale and Beck Depression Inventory. The data were processed with SPSS. The distribution of the data was assessed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. As a result of test; it was seen that the data did not follow a normal distribution and thus were analyzed with non-parametric tests. For the data analyses; descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U-Test, Kruskal Wallis H- Test and Spearman Correlation coefficients were employed.According to the findings, it was found that those who performed physical activities regularly had no depression and had normal eating behavior in the 72.45%' s of the individuals and abnormal eating behavior detected in the 27.55% of the individuals. Besides; it was found that there was statistically significant difference in eating attitudes and behaviors in terms of sex variable but there was not statistically significant difference in depression level in terms of sex variable. As for sports history; there was no statistically significant difference in eating attitudes and behaviors while there was statistically significant difference in depression levels.As a result; it was detected that there was a positive relationship between depression levels with eating behavior and attitudes in the individuals who performed regular physical activity. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapan bireylerin yeme tutum davranışları ile depresyon düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Bu çalışma betimsel araştırma türü olup, ilişkisel tarama yöntemi ile yapıldı. Örneklem grubunu Afyonkarahisar ilinde haftada en az 3 gün düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapan 294 birey oluşturdu. Araştırma verileri; kişisel bilgiler, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) ve Yeme Davranışları Testinden (EAT-26) oluşan anket formu ile elde edildi. Veriler SPSS paket programında değerlendirildi. Verilerin analizinde öncelikle tanımlayıcı istatistikler yapıldı. Verilerin Dağılımı Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi ile değerlendirildi. Test sonucunda verilerin normal dağılım göstermediği saptanmış olup, verilerin analizinde parametrik olmayan testlerden, Mann Whitney U-Testi ve Spearman korelasyon katsayısı kullanıldı.Araştırma sonucunda düzenli Fiziksel Aktivite (FA) yapan bireylerin %72,45’inde “normal yeme davranışı, %27,55’inde ise “anormal yeme davranışı” olduğu saptanmıştır. Bireylerin % 79,93’ünde depresyon olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Cinsiyet’e göre bireylerin yeme davranışlarında farklılık olduğu (p<0,01), ancak depresyon durumlarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca spor geçmişlerine göre bireylerin yeme davranışlarında bir farklılık olmadığı, depresyon düzeylerinde ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05).Sonuç olarak; düzenli FA yapan bireylerin depresyon düzeyleri ile yeme davranışları arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi.
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Stankovic, Vlada. "Novelisim Konstantin, Mihailo V i rod Paflagonaca." Zbornik radova Vizantoloskog instituta, no. 40 (2003): 27–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zrvi0340027s.
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La lign?e des Paphlagoniens, leur conqu?te de la couronne imp?riale, mais aussi leur destruction rapide et totale, repr?sentaient un ph?nom?ne unique dans l'histoire de Byzance du Xle si?cle. Depuis leur premi?re apparition dans les sources byzantines, jusqu'au d?clin final de la famille en 1042, ce n'est qu'une dizaine d'ann?es plus tard, pendant lesquelles les membres de la branche des Paphlagoniens avaient r?ussi ? se soumettre toute une administration de l'Empire, et gr?ce ? la solidarit? familiale, ? parvenir ? une ?norme richesse. Ils ?taient aussi sp?cifiques par le fait qu'ils repr?sentaient un genos clos, une ?lite autosuffisante, les Paphlagoniens par leur politique ont indiqu? l'importance des relations familiales dans l'Empire qui apr?s la mort de Basile II et Constantin VIII ?tait rentr? dans une longue lutte pour la conqu?te de la couronne imp?riale, mais aussi pour la l?gitimit? souveraine qui avait ?t? requise dans la relation avec les membres f?minines de la dynastie mac?donienne, Zo? et Theodora. Le r?gne des Paphlagoniens a ?t? interrompu pendant les r?bellions ? Constantinople en avril 1042, lorsque Michel V a ?t? chass? du tr?ne et aveugl? avec son oncle - le fr?re de sa m?re - le nob?lissime Constantin. La relation de Michel V le Calfat avec le nob?lissime Constantin, leur coop?ration et discordes mutuelles avec l'autre partie de la famille des Paphlagoniens ? la t?te de laquelle se trouvait Jean Orphanotrophe, repr?sentaient le point de d?part du pr?sent ouvrage. Plus pr?cis?ment, la circonstance que Michel V se soit vivement confront? aux membres de la famille des Paphlagoniens, ? laquelle lui-m?me appartenait par la ligne f?minine, imposait une relecture et une nouvelle interpr?tation des sources, afin de tenter de d?passer leurs donn?es contradictoires. Parmi les sources qui d?crivent les ?v?nements depuis le r?gne de Romain III Argyros (1028-1034) lorsque les Paphlagoniens apparaissent pour la premi?re fois dans les sources et lorsque d?bute leur apog?e, jusqu'au d?clin de toute la famille en 1042, l'une des plus importantes est aussi celle de Jean Skylitz?s. Cependant, c'est aussi la plus probl?matique, c'est-?-dire sa d?claration et ses donn?es divergent au premier abord m?me assez visiblement - des donn?es de Michel Psellos Jean Zonaras ou Michel Attaliate. Une lecture plus d?taill?e de Skylitz?s apporte sa d?claration en harmonie, avant tout avec certains d?tails uniques que nous transmet Michel Psellos, mais aussi avec l'image compl?te de l'expansion, du r?gne et du d?clin de la famille de Paphlagoniens. En premier lieu, Skylitz?s souligne l'importance des eunuques influents de Constantin VIII, qui avaient eu un grand r?le ?galement dans la venue au pouvoir de Michel IV, en 1034, de Michel V, en d?cembre 1041, mais aussi dans sa destitution seulement quatre mois plus tard. Le cercle de personnes influents dans la cour de Constantin VIII, a ?t? partiellement repouss? d?j? par la politique familiale de Romain Argyros, ? moins qu'ils ne soient pass?s dans le clan de ce basileus aristocrate, comme cela a ?t? le cas avec l'eunuque Sym?on (pendant le r?gne de Romain, il ?tait le domestique des scholes d'Orient et le pr?tovestiaire qui avait aid? l'ancien ?parque de Constantinople ? acc?der au tr?ne imp?rial). Insatisfait par le r?gne de Romain Argyros, les courtisans influents de la cour de Constantin VIII avaient tent? de voir en la famille des Paphlagoniens une mani?re de reprendre leurs anciennes positions et de reconqu?rir leur ancienne influence. Dirig?s par ces id?es, et jouissant des faveurs et de la confiance de l'imp?ratrice Zo?, sur laquelle ils exer?aient une grande influence, avec son aide ? elle, avec l'Orphanotrophe, ils ont ramen? Michel IV au pouvoir. Jean Skylitz?s et encore plus explicitement Jean Zonaras soulignent leur retour dans le palais imp?rial apr?s la mort de Romain Argyros, c'est-?-dire leur complicit? dans la venueau tr?ne de Michel. D?s la conqu?te du pouvoir, les Paphlagoniens se sont charg? ? placer les membres de leur genos aux plus importantes positions, afin de repousser l'influence des assistants de Romain Argyros, mais aussi les puissants du cercle de Zo?. C'est ainsi que la suite de la cour de l'imp?ratrice Zo? a ?t? remplac?, suite que maintenant ? la place de ses fid?les servantes repr?sentaient les membres f?minines de la famille des Paphlagoniens, les cousines de Michel IV et de l'Orphanotrophe. Pour le duc d'Antioche ? la place de Th?ophylacte Dalass?ne a ?t? plac? le troisi?me fr?re par a?nesse Nik?tas, et lorsque ce dernier est mort, cette m?me ann?e 1034, il a ?t? remplac? par le fr?re suivant Constantin, alors que le plus jeune Georges ?tait devenu pr?tovestiaire ? la place de l'eunuque Sym?on. La commande militaire ? l'ouest avait ?t? confi?e par les Paphlagoniens ? leurs cousins par ligne f?minine: leur beau-fr?re le patrice Etienne Calfat, ?tait le commandant de la flotte, et en 1040, le commandant de Th?ssalonique ?tait le patrice Constantin - vraisemblablement le fils d'Etienne Calfat et le fr?re germain de Michel V. D'une fa?on similaire, les Paphlagoniens propageaient ?galement leur influence dans l'?glise. Comme Romain III Argyros, eux aussi faisaient venir sur les chaires de mitropolites leurs cousins (Antoine Pahys ? Nicom?die), s'attiraient les faveurs des anciens membres du clan de Romain Argyros dans la tentative de faire venir l'Orphanotrophe sur le tr?ne patriarcal (D?m?trios de Kyzikos), ou pla?aient des personnes proches ? eux le plus souvent originaires de Paphlagonie (L?on, l'archev?que de Bulgarie voir aussi l'eunuque Constantin Fagitz?s, Paphlagonien de naissance et membre de leur clan). D?s 1034, probablement pendant la premi?re ann?e de leur r?gne, les fr?res Paphlagoniens ont fait de leur mieux afin d'assurer l'h?ritage de la couronne dans le cadre de leur famille. Le fils d'Etienne Calfat et de leur soeur Maria, Michel, a ?t? proclam? c?sar, comme celui qui h?riterait Michel IV, puisque le seul fr?re qui n'avait pas ?t? eunuque Nik?tas, ?tait mort d?j? en cette ann?e 1034. Pourtant, ce qui manque chez Skylitz?s, Zonaras et Attaliate, est compl?t? par les donn?es de Michel Psellos - de la Chronographie, mais aussi d'un discours du d?but du r?gne de Constantin Monomaque o? Psellos avait donn? un court histoire de l'Empire et des empereurs depuis Basile II jusqu'? Monomaque. Dans les deux lieux Psellos mentionne que Jean l'Orphanotrophe, rapidement avoir s'?tre brouill? avec son neveu Michel Calfat, avait tent? dans le cadre de sa famille ? retrouver nouvel h?ritier de la couronne. Les donn?es des autres ?crivains confirment la querelle de Michel IV et de l'Orphanotrophe avec leur neveu mais aucun d'eux ne l'explique de plus pr?s et ce ne sont que les allusions de Psellos dans ce cas-l?, plut?t claires, qui contribuent ? une meilleure consid?ration des relations dans la famille des Paphlagoniens mais aussi dans le sommet-m?me de l'?tat. Ce n'est qu'apr?s comparaison de leurs donn?es que nous pouvons avoir une id?e plus claire sur les ?v?nements qui se sont d?roul?s de 1034 jusqu'? 1042: d?s la prise du pouvoir, Michel IV et l'Orphanotrophe proclament leur neveu Michel c?sar; un peu plus tard, ils renoncent ? ce dessein, en interdisant ? Michel Calfat m?me d'acc?der au palais; en cherchant un nouvel h?ritier appartenant ? leur lign?e, ils se retournent vers le fr?re de Michel Calfat, Constantin, commandant de Th?ssalonique en 1040, qui avec succ?s avait fait la guerre avec les Bulgares et a re?u le haut titre de magistros; Michel Calfat retrouve le soutien pour la lutte contre l'Orphanotrophe dans le cadre de sa lign?e - ? son c?t? se trouvent les deux plus jeunes fr?res des Paphlagoniens Constantin et Georges apr?s la mort de Michel IV, ils r?ussissent ? repousser l'Orphanotrophe et ? obtenir un accord avec l'imp?ratrice Zo? et son entourage -apr?s quoi Zo? adopte Michel et il devient basileus; Michel V r?gle tout d'abord les comptes avec les adversaires au sein de sa lign?e tandis qu'? son oncle il attribue le haut titre de nob?lissime. Apr?s cela ils se l?vent ouvertement contre l'imp?ratrice Zo?; apr?s avoir chass? Zo? une r?volte ?clate ? Constantinople, ? la t?te de cette r?volte se trouvent les puissants de l'?poque de Constantin VIII, repouss?s par les politiques familiales de Romain Argyros et des Paphlagoniens. Ils tirent de son couvent la princesse Theodora, la proclament imp?ratrice et, m?fiants envers Zo? ils cr?vent les yeux ? Michel V et au nob?lissime Constantin. Craignant de confier le pouvoir ? l'imp?ratrice Zo? - dont les accords politiques leur ont caus? la perte de leurs positions - ils r?ussissent ? r?aliser leur influence ? travers le r?gne commun des deux s?urs; apr?s avoir renvers? les Paphlagoniens, les organisateurs du soul?vement gagnent de nouveau les plus hauts rangs dans l'arm?e: Nicolas, l'eunuque le plus puissant de Constantin VIII devient de nouveau le domestique des scholes d'Orient, Constantin Kabasilas, substitu? au tout d?but du r?gne des Paphlagoniens, devient le domestique des scholes d'Occident. Le nob?lissime Constantin, que Michel Attaliate surnomme ? tort le patradelps?z de Michel V, a ?t? renvoy? ? Constantinople uniquement dans le but de d?couvrir l'abri du tr?sor pr?s de son oikos pr?s des Saints Ap?tres o? ont ?t? dissimul?s, selon Skylitz?s presque 1700 kilogrammes d'or.