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Journal articles on the topic 'History of houses'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

SYKES, KATHARINE. "‘Canonici Albi et Moniales’: Perceptions of the Twelfth-Century Double House." Journal of Ecclesiastical History 60, no. 2 (March 24, 2009): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022046908006970.

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In contrast with recent assertions that the term ‘double house’ is both anachronistic and dysfunctional when used with reference to mixed communities of the twelfth century, this paper demonstrates that contemporary writers did in fact perceive a difference between religious houses that housed both men and women, and a small group of ‘houses of canons and nuns’. The absence of a more specific term was in itself an indication of the perceived novelty of such houses, which were seen as diverging both from earlier Anglo-Saxon mixed communities, and from other twelfth-century houses for men and women.

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2

Smith, J. T., and M. W. Barley. "Houses and History." Economic History Review 40, no. 3 (August 1987): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2596257.

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3

Johnson, Matthew. "Houses and History." Archaeological Journal 151, no. 1 (January 1994): 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00665983.1994.11078130.

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4

LEHTSALU, LIISE. "CHANGING PERCEPTIONS OF WOMEN'S RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS IN EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY BOLOGNA." Historical Journal 55, no. 4 (November 15, 2012): 939–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x12000386.

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ABSTRACTEighteenth-century convents are little studied, and women's third order houses even less so, despite the growing numbers of the latter. Through a case-study, this article explores the origins and functions of one eighteenth-century third order house in an Italian urban community. Relying on the rich meeting minutes of Santa Maria Egiziaca in Bologna, the article analyses the everyday realities and the changing perceptions of women's religious institutions among the urban elites connected to the house. Santa Maria Egiziaca emerges as neither only a convent nor a shelter, the two institutional types recognized in current scholarship, but rather as both. The diverse goals of the house's administrators and benefactors suggest why third order houses thrived in the eighteenth century when more traditional convents came under increasing criticism and declined.

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Draşovean, Florin, Wolfram Schier, Alex Bayliss, Bisserka Gaydarska, and Alasdair Whittle. "The Lives of Houses: Duration, Context, and History at Neolithic Uivar, Romania." European Journal of Archaeology 20, no. 4 (July 13, 2017): 636–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2017.37.

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There is a considerable mix of models for house durations in the literature on Neolithic Europe. This article presents a summary of a formal chronological model for the Neolithic tell of Uivar in western Romania. We provide estimates of house duration and relate houses to other features of the development of this tell, from the later sixth to the mid-fifth millennium calbc. Three wider implications are discussed: that the house must be contextualized case by case; that house duration gives powerful insights into the sociality of community; and that houses, surprisingly often taken rather for granted in Neolithic archaeology, should be fully integrated into the interpretation of Neolithic histories. From what perspective, anthropocentric or relational, that may best be done, is open to question; while it may be helpful to think in this case in terms of the lives and vitality of houses, the ability of people to create and vary history should not be set aside lightly.

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6

Quiney, Anthony. "Houses and History. By MauriceBarley." Archaeological Journal 145, no. 1 (January 1988): 446–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00665983.1988.11077906.

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7

Robinson, Kathryn. "History, Houses and Regional Identities." Australian Journal of Anthropology 8, no. 2 (August 1997): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1835-9310.1997.tb00178.x.

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8

Quinault, Roland. "Westminster and the Victorian Constitution." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 2 (December 1992): 79–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3679100.

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The British constitution is unwritten, but not unbuilt. The character of Britain's government buildings reflects the nature of its political system. This is particularly true with respect to the Houses of Parliament. They were almost entirely rebuilt after a fire, in 1834, which seriously damaged the House of Commons and adjacent buildings. The new Houses of Parliament were the most magnificent and expensive public buildings erected in Queen Victoria's reign. Their architectural evolution has been meticulously chronicled by a former Honorary Secretary of the Royal Historical Society, Professor Michael Port. But constitutionalists and historians have shewn little or no interest in the political character of the Victorian Houses of Parliament. Walter Bagehot, in his famous study, The English Constitution, published in 1867, made no reference to the newly completed Houses of Parliament. Likewise most modern books on Victorian political and constitutional history make no mention of die rebuilding.

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9

Aladzic, Viktorija. "Compatibility, adaptability and use of different types of ground floor houses in 19th century town planning: Case study Subotica." Spatium, no. 25 (2011): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1125050a.

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A lack of knowledge of the history of architecture and town planning in the 19th century resulted in underrated regard towards this historic period and consequently in a devastation of urban and architectural heritage of the 19th century. This research was intended to clarify some segments of the history of architecture and town planning in the 19th century based on the example of Subotica. Research has shown that the basic types of ground floor houses built during the 19th century in Subotica were mutually compatible and that by a simple addition of rooms on the simple base house, more complex base houses could be built. In the same way rural houses could also be transformed into urban ones. This pattern allowed for utmost rationality of the construction of individual houses as well as of the whole town. The town, due to the application of compatible house plans, reflected a semblance of order which improved year on year, because every house at any given moment represented a finished structure. Simple attachment of building parts also allowed the houses that were located in the middle of the lot to be elongated to the street regulation line. Compatible house plans, as an auxiliary means, facilitated the application of building rules, the realization of regulation plans and provided continuous development of the town of Subotica in the period of over 150 years.

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10

Watson, Donald. "A House of Sticks: A History of Queenslander Houses in Maryborough." Queensland Review 19, no. 1 (June 2012): 50–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2012.6.

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Some years ago, when South-East Queensland was threatened with being overrun with Tuscan villas, the Brisbane architect John Simpson proposed that revenge should be taken on Italy by exporting timber and tin shacks in large numbers to Tuscany. The Queenslanders would be going home – albeit as colonial cousins – taking with them their experience of the sub-tropics. Without their verandahs but with their pediments intact, the form and planning, fenestration and detailing can be interpreted as Palladian, translated into timber, the material originally available in abundance for building construction. ‘High-set’, the local term for South-East Queensland's raised houses, denotes a feature that is very much the traditional Italian piano nobile [‘noble floor’]: the principal living areas on a first floor with a rusticated façade of battens infilling between stumps and shaped on the principal elevation as a superfluous arcade to a non-existent basement storey. Queensland houses were very Italianate.

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11

Moody, Jessica, and Stephen Small. "Slavery and Public History at the Big House." Journal of Global Slavery 4, no. 1 (February 25, 2019): 34–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2405836x-00401003.

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Abstract This article considers the public history of slavery at plantation museums in the US South and at country houses in Britain. Drawing on original research, the authors critique recent and current efforts to bring connections between these “Big Houses” and the history of slavery to the fore through different methods of interpretation. These elite residences are argued to have largely obscured such connections historically through distancing, distortion, and denial. However, some notable efforts have been made in recent years to diversify public history narratives and more fully represent histories of enslavement. Comparing these American and British house museums, this article contextualizes public history work at these sites and proposes possible lessons from this research, presenting some points to be taken forward which emerge from this transatlantic comparison.

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12

Tantner, Anton. "Addressing the Houses: The Introduction of House Numbering in Europe." Histoire & mesure XXIV, no. 2 (December 31, 2009): 7–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/histoiremesure.3942.

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13

Özmen, Sema Tuba, and Beyza Onur. "Government houses as presentation of power and ideology in the Ottoman State: The case of Safranbolu Government House." Volume 6, Issue 3 6, no. 3 (August 7, 2021): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26809/joa.6.3.05.

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Architecture, which is associated with the practice of producing space, has always rendered the powers and ideologies visible. This study investigates the government houses in the 19th century Ottoman State with regard to the notions of power and ideology and focuses on the Government House of Safranbolu. It is known that, in the specified period, government houses were important ideological interventions to urban space. This study aims to address the ideological context of the Safranbolu Government House, which is positioned with the ideal of the state. Based on this, first, the urban history of Safranbolu was examined. The importance of Safranbolu Government House in the history of the city, its relationship with the city, its ideological message to the city-dwellers and its architectural style were analyzed through a method based on archival research. All government houses of the period are the artifacts of urban-spatial structures and their architectural style as well as a shared ideology. Safranbolu Government House, which is one of the structures symbolizing the Ottoman State, was also built with a similar ideological consideration. Thus, the readability of the dominant ideology through the production style of Safranbolu Government House, one of the final period architectural artifacts of the Ottoman State, was verified.

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14

Sánchez-Eppler, Karen. "American Houses: Constructions of History and Domesticity." American Literary History 4, no. 2 (1992): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/4.2.345.

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15

Adams, Annmarie. "Eden Smith and the Canadian Domestic Revival." Articles 21, no. 2 (July 3, 2013): 104–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1016794ar.

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The designer of more than 2500 detached houses in late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century Toronto, Eden Smith has been hailed as the author of a distinctly Canadian style of domestic architecture. Yet his self-promotion and the reception of his work in both the professional and popular presses of the time emphasize the Englishness of his houses. This paper considers the domestic architecture of Eden Smith as an index of attitudes held by Toronto's upper middle class toward Britain in the early twentieth century. What did the image of an "English house" represent in Edwardian Toronto? Why were these particular qualities attractive to Toronto's landed gentry? Eden Smith's architecture was both distinct and derivative. The language of the elevations was unmistakably British, while the plan of his houses was something completely new. Smith's popularity and his influence on subsequent generations of Canadian house-architects speak eloquently of the willingness of Toronto's middle class to try new things, but only clothed in the auspices of a British past.

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16

Brady, Jennifer, and Ian Donaldson. "Jonson's Magic Houses." Sixteenth Century Journal 29, no. 3 (1998): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2543746.

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17

Buchanan, Alexandrina, and John Schofield. "Medieval London Houses." Sixteenth Century Journal 35, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 1254. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20477235.

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18

MACLACHLAN, IAN. "A bloody offal nuisance: the persistence of private slaughter-houses in nineteenth-century London." Urban History 34, no. 2 (June 20, 2007): 227–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926807004622.

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British slaughter-house reformers campaigned to abolish private urban slaughter-houses and establish public abattoirs in the nineteenth century. Abolition of London's private slaughter-houses was motivated by the congestion created by livestock in city streets, the nuisance of slaughter-house refuse in residential neighbourhoods and public health concerns about diseased meat in the food supply. The butchers successfully defended their private slaughter-houses, illustrating the persistence of the craftsman's workshop and the importance of laissez-faire sentiments in opposition to municipalization in Victorian London.

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19

VAN VOREN, ROMY. "Getuigen van de Arubaanse geschiedenis en identiteit." Tijdschrift voor Historische Geografie 5, no. 3 (January 1, 2020): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/thg2020.3.004.vore.

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Testimonials of Aruban history and heritage: the kunuku houses and cas floria On the island of Aruba, traditional houses are often decorated with unique symbols. Houses with these decorations are called ‘cas floria’, meaning decorated house. The origin for this style of building and the meaning of the symbols presumably stem from the culture of the native inhabitants of Aruba (Indians). Over the course of time, the Dutch colonial power had influence on the residential culture on Aruba. They introduced stone houses and building materials such as roof tiles and cement. The native population gradually started replacing their loam houses for stone versions. In the 19th century, the building style of cas floria arose. These houses were found mostly in the historic native settlements. For the colonial settlers, these symbols had no special meaning and so they did not live in decorated houses. Nowadays, a lot of cas floria and traditional kunuku houses have become ruins. However, many of those historic houses have remained and are still inhabited to this day. The Monumentenbureau Aruba has been lobbying with the Aruban Government to grant the traditional kunuku houses and cas floria a protected monumental status, so that this part of Aruban heritage and identity will be preserved for future generations.

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20

Cox, Oliver. "Jewish country houses and country house studies." Journal of Modern Jewish Studies 18, no. 4 (September 13, 2019): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14725886.2019.1664020.

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21

Revell, Louise. "Military Bath-houses in Britain — a Comment." Britannia 38 (November 2007): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3815/000000007784016368.

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Bath-houses are a frequent part of Roman military installations in Britain. This work explores differences in the social meaning of bathing between legionary fortresses and auxiliary forts. It demonstrates variations in the scale of and investment in these facilities between the two groups. It also argues for greater complexity in the legionary bath-houses, with duplication of facilities, and more activities being catered for. A comparison of the proportion of space allocated for bathing and non-bathing activities reveals that the two groups respond to different ideas of what a visit to the bath-house entailed.

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22

Novita, Novita, Hasbi Amiruddin, Husaini Ibrahim, Teuku Muhammad Jamil, Syaukani Syaukani, Emiko Oguri, and Katsuyuki Eguchi. "Investigation of Termite Attack on Cultural Heritage Buildings: A Case Study in Aceh Province, Indonesia." Insects 11, no. 6 (June 22, 2020): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060385.

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Surveys of the conditions of termite attack were conducted in two regencies, Pidie and Greater Aceh, Aceh Province, Indonesia (40 houses in each location). Interviews were also conducted with home owners to collect data on the building history; culture, such as daily life in the house; the frequency and intensity of termite attacks; and traditional knowledge for avoiding and/or suppressing termite attacks. We found that 51% of traditional houses were infested by two termite species: Coptotermes gestroi and Nasutitermes matangensis. The lower parts of traditional houses were frequently attacked and severely damaged by termites. Previous land use and the ages of the traditional houses affected the intensity of the termite attacks. Several measures for avoiding and/or suppressing termite attacks on cultural heritage buildings are also proposed.

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23

Dudding, Michael. "A Final Formality: Three Modernist Pavilion Houses of the early 1960s." Architectural History Aotearoa 2 (October 3, 2005): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v2i0.6706.

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The Beard, Alington, and Mackay houses represent the endpoint of a direction in New Zealand domestic architecture that was both internationalist and based within the realities of local house building in the mid-twentieth century. Imi Porsolt, while reviewing Stephanie Bonny and Marilyn Reynolds'book Living with 50 Architects in 1980, specifically points to the Alington house as the final formalisation of this purist trend. Porsolt's review provides an historical subtext to Living with 50 Architects that opposes the "altogether austere style" of the pavilion with the vernacularism of what is best described as the "elegant shed" tradition of New Zealand house design. More elegant than the elegant shed, these pavilions reveal something of a "blind spot" in New Zealand's architectural history – aside from the inclusion of the Beard and Alington houses in Living with 50 Architects,they have not appeared in any of the canon-forming historical surveys such as Mitchell and Chaplin's The Elegant Shed or Shaw's A History of New Zealand Architecture. The Mackay house also has not featured until its recent appearance in Lloyd Jenkins' At Home: A Century of New Zealand Design. This paper uses Porsolt's view as a useful starting point from which to consider the relationship that exists between the Beard, Alington, and Mackay houses, and their place in the development of New Zealand's domestic architecture during the 1960s.

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24

Hartnett, Jeremy. "Imperial Houses." Classical Review 55, no. 2 (October 2005): 675–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clrevj/bni366.

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Rossiter, Jeremy. "ROMAN HOUSES." Classical Review 54, no. 2 (October 2004): 498–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cr/54.2.498.

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26

Sorrentino, Janet. "In houses of nuns, in houses of canons: a liturgical dimension to double monasteries." Journal of Medieval History 28, no. 4 (December 2002): 361–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4181(02)00040-4.

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27

ZEITLHOFER, HERMANN. "Land, family and the transmission of property in a rural society of South Bohemia, 1651–1840." Continuity and Change 22, no. 3 (December 2007): 519–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416007006364.

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ABSTRACTThis article deals with the changing patterns of transmission of land and houses in pre-industrial rural Bohemia. By linking different sources, such as land registers, census-like lists and a family reconstitution, this study focuses on both the demographic and the economic factors that influenced peasant transmission strategies as well as on the consequences of changing transmission patterns for access to land-ownership in the local society. The results of this study show that patterns of land transmission changed profoundly after about 1720. Between 1651 and 1720 many houses with or without land were sold to non-kin as well as to kin although in both cases a customary and not a market price was paid. Imperfect market mechanisms are also indicated by the frequency of exchanges of houses between families. After around 1720 transmissions of property from father to son progressively became the dominant pattern. The chances of women (both widows and daughters and their husbands) to become property-holders diminished and it became extremely difficult for persons not born into house-owning families to acquire any houses or land.

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28

Rashid, Sabrizaa, Nurfaisal Baharuddin, and Kartina Alauddin. "THE HISTORY AND TRANSFORMATION OF PERAK MALAY TRADITIONAL HOUSE." Malaysian Journal of Sustainable Environment 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/myse.v8i1.12661.

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Apart from shelter, traditional houses were built to accommodate the spiritual factors such as religious, cultural values and way of life. Thus, it tends to evolve over time to reflect the environmental, cultural, technological and historical context in which it exists. This paper discusses the development of architectural style on the Malay traditional houses in Perak. It is based on data collectively gathered from KUTAI researchers conducted since 1997. More than 400 houses were observed. Architectural transformation found in the roof design, spatial organization, architectural elements and decorative elements within the period of 150 years. Findings of this study strengthening and establish the Perak Malay architectural style.

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29

Hidayat, Muhammad, Budi Prayitno, and Dwita Hadi Rahmi. "Mix Methods for Ethnic Acculturation Study on History of Architectural Elements: Vernacular Houses during Pontianak Sultanate." ARSITEKTURA 18, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/arst.v18i1.40488.

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<p class="Abstract"><em>This study aims to find the embodiment of ethnic acculturation in the vernacular architectural elements of Pontianak's old houses showing multicultural culture in the past. The Pontianak community has been a multi-ethnic community from the start, with four dominant ethnic groups forming the Pontianak city, namely the Arab, Bugis, Banjar and Riau ethnic groups. The research used a qualitative-rationalistic method with the deeply observed in field case based on the mixed approach between the historical study of the role of each ethnic group and the typology study of architectural building elements. Research sample data in the form of Pontianak old houses are houses built between the early 19th century and the mid-20th century. The results of this study, firstly, the occurrence of ethnic acculturation on the elements of housing architecture in an integrated-assimilative manner. Secondly, the existence of the order of acculturation remained alive in traditional Pontianak community institutions until the mid-20th century shows a strong indication of the continuation of Vernacular Architecture discourse of the Pontianak Malay House.</em></p>

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30

Touzot, Jean. "Local History in France and Regional Publishing Houses." Collection Management 15, no. 1-2 (August 7, 1992): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j105v15n01_18.

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31

Rasmussen, Linda. "Why Small Monastic Houses Should Have a History." Midland History 28, no. 1 (June 2003): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/mdh.2003.28.1.1.

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32

Peters, J. E. C. "Lincolnshire Houses." Vernacular Architecture 49, no. 1 (January 2018): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03055477.2018.1523647.

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33

VRÁNA, Filip. "Ice making in Brno - History of Jundrov Ice-Houses. Part 1: From the ice-houses foundation till 1918." Kvasny Prumysl 60, no. 7-8 (July 1, 2014): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.18832/kp2014020.

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34

BECKETT, J. V. "COUNTRY HOUSE LIFE Creating paradise: the building of the English country house, 1660–1880. By Richard Wilson and Alan Mackley. London: Hambledon, 2000. Pp. xx+428. ISBN 1-85285-252-6. £25. The polite tourist: four centuries of country house visiting. By Adrian Tinniswood. London: The National Trust, 1998. Pp. 224. ISBN 0 7078 0224 5. £24.99. Country house pastimes. By Oliver Garnett. London: The National Trust, 1998. Pp. 48. ISBN 0-7078-0284-9. £4.99. The British country house in the eighteenth century. By Christopher Christie. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2000. Pp. xvi+333. ISBN 0-7190-4724-2 (hb); 0-7190-4725-0 (pb). £49 and £17.99. The fate of the English country house. By David Littlejohn. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Pp. xviii+344. ISBN 0-19-508876-X. £20. The dukes: the origins, ennoblement and history of twenty-six families. By Brian Masters. London: Pimlico, 2001. Pp. x+390. ISBN 0-7126-6724-5. £12.50." Historical Journal 45, no. 1 (March 2002): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x0100231x.

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It is nearly a quarter of a century since the publication in 1978 of Mark Girouard's magnificent study, Life in the English country house. The book appeared at what we can now recognize to have been an important moment for the stately homes of England. After the years of post-war austerity, the growth in private car ownership had begun to make the countryside increasingly accessible. Many of the weekend journeys spawned by this new affluence were to country houses, a trend speeded up by the exposure several high profile houses enjoyed as period settings for television dramas. Brideshead revisited in 1981 was the pioneer, set as it was in the grounds of Castle Howard. In many respects it has never been bettered, but it has certainly been followed, to the extent that hardly a great house has failed to attract a film crew and some have been visited repeatedly. Nor has this new exposure been confined to the cinema and television. The private mansions from which the working classes were traditionally excluded have opened their doors to paying customers, and their shops to anyone with cash and credit cards.

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35

Jones, Iestyn. "Ulster’s Early Medieval Houses." Medieval Archaeology 57, no. 1 (November 2013): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/0076609713z.00000000021.

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36

BORSAY, PETER. "Why are houses interesting?" Urban History 34, no. 2 (June 20, 2007): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926807004671.

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Shortly into his path-breaking study of The Small House in Eighteenth-Century London, Peter Guillery remarks that ‘houses are principally interesting because people live in them’ (p. 10). To urban historians the observation might seem unexceptional, even banal. To many architectural historians his comment would be incomprehensible. Therein lies the difficulty for the urban historian with a concern for housing, public buildings and planning. There is a wealth of serious academic studies of architecture, but the majority are written in a language which can seem arcane to the uninitiated and address an agenda which appears little interested in those who inhabited the buildings. At the heart of the problem lies the requirement to treat the built form primarily as a work of art, so that what is studied has to justify itself as an object worthy of aesthetic consideration, and has to relate to an established stylistic canon and chronology. Judged in this light, considerations of user and usage are largely irrelevant, and can appear an invitation to slip into the sort of popular architectural discourse, common in the Victorian and Edwardian periods, in which dwellings are valued primarily for the celebrities and anecdotes associated with them. People are germane only to the extent that they designed buildings, as architects, or commissioned them, as patrons of the arts. Among the two most influential figures in developing and in particular disseminating the art-history perspective on architecture in twentieth-century Britain were Nikolaus Pevsner and John Summerson. Today their presence is felt not only in the world of scholarship, where it has not gone unchallenged, but also and more importantly in popular perceptions of architecture, as mediated through guide literature, the amenity societies (like the National Trust, the Georgian Group and the Victorian Society) and the conservation movement. It is an influence which has been ambivalent. On the one hand, it has led to a far deeper popular understanding and appreciation of architectural form and its history, and has saved many fine buildings. On the other hand, it is has led to a dissociation of form and human usage, a devaluation of structures and traditions not defined as canonic and a blindness to the subjective and ideological nature of architectural history itself.

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37

Haddad, Naif Adel, Fatima Y. Jalboosh, Leen A. Fakhoury, and Romel Ghrayib. "URBAN AND RURAL UMAYYAD HOUSE ARCHITECTURE IN JORDAN: A COMPREHENSIVE TYPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AT AL-HALLABAT." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 10, no. 2 (July 29, 2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v10i2.835.

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The Umayyad period represents one of the most prosperous periods in the history of Jordan. Most of the studies, however, have long been focused on palatial and luxurious architecture. In Jordan, few examples of Umayyad houses have survived in their entirety. However, the new discoveries at al-Hallabat rural houses allow an architectural enrichment of our knowledge for that period, even from a socio-economic point of view. In contrast with the better-known desert palaces that dominate the evidence for this period, they also assist in establishing the houses’ typological patterns. This paper attempts to present and discuss the main Umayyad urban and rural house architecture in Jordan, while addressing al-Hallabat Umayyad houses based on recent unpublished reports and preliminary results of excavations. It aims to present a comparative typological pattern analysis of al-Hallabat houses excavated at two phases (1979-1982, 2002-2006) with parallel examples from Bilad al-Sham. The paper defines three typological patterns; nucleus, courtyard, and complex houses. All have at least one courtyard. The study shows that there were continuity and parallelism in Bilad al-Sham between these types and those used at least in early Byzantine and early Islamic period, such as these at ar-Risha and Khirbet al-Askar in Jordan.

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Polson, Edward, and Laine Scales. "Good Neighbor House: Reimagining Settlement Houses for 21st Century Communities." Social Work & Christianity 47, no. 3 (April 30, 2020): 100–122. http://dx.doi.org/10.34043/swc.v47i3.144.

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Scholars have documented many challenges facing communities in the 21st century including increasing inter-group conflict, declining levels of social trust, growing skepticism of institutions, and diminishing public resources. Such challenges threaten to weaken social ties and undermine relationships at the local level. We contend there is a significant opportunity and a need for the development of innovative models of community practice which emphasize bringing residents together and strengthening mutually beneficial relationships in neighborhoods and communities. Moreover, we believe Christian community practitioners and faith-based organizations have unique contributions to make. In this paper, we propose one faith-based model, a reimagining for 21st century communities the settlement house model that first emerged in the late 19th century. Drawing on the history of the settlement house movement and the experiences of one faith-based house in Texas, the Good Neighbor House, we explore and suggest strategies for Christian community practitioners in 21st century communities.

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Bird, D. G., and A. D. McWhirr. "Houses in Roman Cirencester." Britannia 19 (1988): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/526228.

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Harrison, Martin. "How poets build houses." Twenty-First Century Society 3, no. 2 (June 2008): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17450140802062243.

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Dobrivojević Tomić, Ivana. "PROBLEMI U NASELJAVANJU I PRILAGOĐAVANJU KOLONISTA NA ŽIVOT U VOJVODINI U PRVIM GODINAMA POSLE DRUGOG SVETSKOG RATA." Istorija 20. veka 39, no. 2/2021 (August 1, 2021): 313–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2021.2.dob.313-332.

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The Decision to Confiscate German-Owned Property (1944), the Law on Agrarian Reform and Colonization (August 1945) and the Decree on the Implementation of Veterans’ Settlement (1945) provided a legal framework for the colonization of Vojvodina. People from the outback regions applied for colonization in large numbers since it was believed that migration guaranteed deliverance from decades of dearth and poverty. The journey of the colonists was fraught with numerous difficulties, primarily due to poor organization and frequent changes of plans. The distribution of houses, cattle, and inventory was done by local commissions. The bias of these commissions was obvious. Thus, the division of houses and inventory was accompanied by great social injustices. Some families were housed in buildings with electrical installations, while others had to settle into houses without floors. Such actions caused indignation and revolt among the colonists. Dissatisfied with their new life, as many as 4,000 families decided to return. Those who remained needed time to adapt to the new way of life. With time, big families disintegrated, the position of women improved, new work habits were developed, and neighborly relations became better.

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Jezhyzhanska, Tetyana. "PR COMMUNICATIONS OF PUBLISHING HOUSES AS A SCIENTIFIC OBJECT." Integrated communications, no. 3 (2017): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2524-2644.2017.3.6.

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The article studies the current state and prospects of researches of publishing house’s communications, namely PR communications of book publishers. The attention is drawn to insufficient scientific development of this problem, on t one hand, and obvious importance in the modern conditions to provide publishing house with competitiveness, on the other one. The literature and sources related to this issues are analyzed, the theoretical and practical possibilities of using PR in the activity of book publishers are determined, the history and current state of research of publishing house`s PR communications is studied. The prospects for further scientific study and practical use of PR communications in the activities of publishing houses are determined. The relevance of the research topic is that communication in the information society is a fundamentally new phenomenon that creates new values, changes the technologies and product configurations, systems of work with the clients. The companies have always tried to establish communication, that is built around and within the system of interactions, which would help managers to achieve a strategic goal. However, the modern communications are different from traditional ones. The objective of the article is to investigate formation of theoretical basis of PR-communications of publishing houses in the modern media space of Ukraine. The realization of this objective involves performing the following research tasks: to analyze the professional literature on the main issues of research; to find out the positions of foreign and domestic communications researchers in the publishing industry; to consider the theoretical studies of PR communications of publishing houses in the modern media space. To achieve this objective, we use such general scientific methods as analysis that allowed us to separate the actual tendencies of communication in publishing industry for their subject study, synthesis, by which the integral picture of theoretical basis of the research of communications of publishing industry of Ukraine is integrated into the whole. The method of generalization allowed to study, to systematize and to structure the information. Also, the descriptive method and method of comparison were used, as well as with the help of the method of scientific forecasting we were able to determine the prospects of development of PR- communications of publishing houses in the modern media space

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Hind, Charles, Mary Woods, and Arete Swartz Warren. "Glass Houses. A History of Greenhouses, Orangeries and Conservatories." Garden History 16, no. 2 (1988): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1586972.

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Hutchison, Janet A., Jessica Foy, and Thomas J. Schlereth. "If Rooms Could Talk: History, Houses, and Home Life." Reviews in American History 22, no. 4 (December 1994): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2702808.

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Dixon, Diana. "Lost Country Houses of Norfolk: History, Archaeology and Myth." Reference Reviews 30, no. 5 (June 20, 2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rr-03-2016-0066.

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Patrick, Amber. "Homes and Places; A History of Nottingham’s Council Houses." International Journal for the History of Engineering & Technology 88, no. 2 (July 3, 2018): 277–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17581206.2019.1575101.

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Machin, Richard. "Homes and places: a history of Nottingham’s council houses." Housing Studies 31, no. 5 (May 18, 2016): 627–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2016.1184903.

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Tibbles, Anthony. "Through Other Eyes: Changing Attitudes to the Decoration and Interpretation of an English Country House, Speke Hall, Liverpool." Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire: Volume 169, Issue 1 169, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/transactions.169.4.

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The manner in which historic houses have been maintained and regarded has varied over the centuries and has been subject to the attitudes and lifestyles of their owners. Acquisition by the National Trust or other heritage organisations is often regarded as bringing an end to this process and effectively ‘freezing’ the appearance of the house. Since it was completed in the early seventeenth century, the way in which Speke Hall, near Liverpool, has been treated and lived in by its owners has altered regularly according to fashion and taste, at times cherished, at other times neglected. However, even in the decades since the National Trust accepted the house in 1943, there have been different approaches to the house’s presentation to the public. This article examines the changing attitudes to Speke Hall over four centuries and suggests that the period of public ownership should be seen as another phase in the history of the house.

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Grenville, Jane, and Anthony Quiney. "Town Houses of Medieval Britain." Sixteenth Century Journal 36, no. 1 (April 1, 2005): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20477351.

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Searing, Helen, and Paul R. Baker. "Stanford White's Houses of Mirth." Reviews in American History 19, no. 3 (September 1991): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2703186.

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