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Journal articles on the topic 'History of Scottish whaling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Vaughan, Richard. "Bowhead whaling in Davis Strait and Baffin Bay during the 18th and 19th Centuries." Polar Record 23, no. 144 (September 1986): 289–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247400007117.

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ABSTRACTHistories of individual whale fisheries mainly undertaken by Europeans have yet to be written. This article provides an outline history of whaling in the Davis Strait area during the 18th and 19th centuries. Current knowledge is reviewed of whaling west of Greenland by ships from Danish, Dutch and German ports, and from English, American and Scottish ports. The land-based West Greenland whale fishery is also mentioned, and the activities of whalers from France and Spain. In spite of recent national whaling histories of the English, Dutch and Danish industries, quantitative data for the Davis Strait fishery are still virtually non-existent.

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2

Sanger, Chesley W. "Scottish Over-Winter Whaling at Cumberland Gulf, Baffin Island, 1853–1890." International Journal of Maritime History 19, no. 2 (December 2007): 161–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140701900208.

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3

Sanger, Chesley W. "THE ROLE OF FOREIGN EXPERTS IN THE REVIVAL OF SCOTTISH NORTHERN WHALING: 1750–1784." Mariner's Mirror 96, no. 3 (January 2010): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2010.10657147.

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4

Harper, Kenn. "The collaboration of James Mutch and Franz Boas, 1883-1922." Études/Inuit/Studies 32, no. 2 (October 6, 2009): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038215ar.

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Abstract James Mutch, whaler and manager of the Scottish whaling station at Kekerten in Cumberland Sound, assisted Franz Boas in his field study of Inuit culture from 1883 to 1884. Subsequently, the two men carried out an extensive correspondence, lasting over thirty years. At Boas invitation, Mutch made three collections of ethnographic material for the American Museum of Natural History, which allowed Boas to publish two major works on Inuit material and intellectual culture without venturing north again. Mutch’s contribution to our knowledge of Inuit culture has never been described and has therefore gone unrecognised.

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5

Sanger, Chesley W. "Prologue to Scottish Domination of Northern Whaling: The Role of the French Revolutionary War, 1793–1801." International Journal of Maritime History 20, no. 1 (June 2008): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140802000105.

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6

Kjaer, Kjell-G., and Hilary Foxworthy. "The Arctic ship Danmark." Polar Record 40, no. 1 (January 2004): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247403003231.

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The steam barque Danmark, used on Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen's expedition to northeast Greenland (1906–08), was originally a Scottish whaler named Sir Colin Campbell, built in 1855 in Sunderland. After nine years of whaling out of Peterhead, in 1865 Sir Colin Campbell started the transportation of cryolite from the mines of Ivigtut in southwest Greenland to the United States and several European ports. This trade lasted for 103 years, until 1968. In the early 1870s, the ship was sold to Norwegian owners, renamed Magdalena, fitted with a steam-engine, and used as part of the Tønsberg sealing fleet. In 1894 she was the ship in which Roald Amundsen made his first voyage to the Arctic. In 1905 Magdalena was chartered by the estate of William Ziegler for a relief expedition to Bass Rock, northeast Greenland, to search for members of the Fiala-Ziegler expedition. The next year she was sold to the Danmark-Expedition and renamed Danmark. The main task for the expedition was to survey the coast from 77°N to Independence Bay, an area that was completely unknown. In addition to geographical exploration, much ethnographical, ornithological, zoological, hydrographical, meteorological, and botanical work was carried out on the expedition. In 1909, Danmark was sold to the mining company Grønlandske Minedrifts Aktieselskab of Copenhagen. She made voyages every year to Greenland, returning with copper and graphite. In 1916 she was chartered by the American Museum of Natural History to bring home the members of the Crocker Land Expedition. When in December 1917 she returned to Denmark, her captain did not know that, in their two years' absence, the coastal signals had been changed due to conditions in World War I. Danmark grounded off Høganes, Sweden; condemned, she was sold to a breaker's yard, and her masts, sails, engine, and other fittings were sold at auction the following year.

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7

Credland, Arthur G. "Scottish Arctic Whaling." Mariner's Mirror 103, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 496–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2017.1344438.

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8

Basberg, Bjørn L. "Chesley W. Sanger, Scottish Arctic Whaling." Northern Scotland 10, no. 1 (May 2019): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nor.2019.0173.

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9

Ayre, Matthew. "Scottish Arctic Whaling, by Chesley W. Sanger." ARCTIC 70, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.14430/arctic4650.

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10

Hill, Simon. "Georgian Liverpool’s northern whaling trade reconsidered: Ranking, significance and geography." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 4 (November 2020): 808–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420974057.

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This article re-appraises Liverpool’s involvement in the northern whaling trade c.1750-1823. It shows that the town ranked second amongst England’s whaling ports at different times during the 1750s, 1760s, 1770s, and again in 1794. This is much earlier and frequent than previously thought, and therefore has implications for our understanding of the geography of the nation’s whaling industry. Gordon Jackson famously asserted that all the major whaling ports were on the east coast. Whilst this article does not contest the broad thrust of Jackson’s thesis, it does suggest a slight modification. The ability of west coast Liverpool to achieve ‘second’ rank, even if this was for only brief periods, shows that the dominance of the east coast in whaling, though clearly strong, was not absolute.

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11

Coffey, Barbara L. "The nineteenth-century US whaling industry: Where is the risk premium? New materials facilitate updated view." International Journal of Maritime History 33, no. 2 (May 2021): 344–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08438714211013537.

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Materials that were born digital, and printed materials that have been digitized, have aided an updated examination of nineteenth-century US whaling voyages’ financial returns. Items included the American Offshore Whaling Voyages dataset from whalinghistory.org , The Whalemen’s Shipping List and Merchant’s Transcript, a congressman’s speech and a state’s census reports. These works and others, with analysis, showed that for the 11,257 analysable voyages ending in the 1800s, the mean return was 4.7% and 4.6% for whaling and US government bonds, respectively. Ideally, this work will place the nineteenth-century US whaling industry returns in context of other investments.

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12

Hacquebord, Louwrens, Frits Steenhuisen, and Huib Waterbolk. "English and Dutch Whaling Trade and Whaling Stations in Spitsbergen (Svalbard) before 1660." International Journal of Maritime History 15, no. 2 (December 2003): 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140301500207.

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13

Simpson, John M. "Cowan, Scottish History and Scottish Folk." Scottish Historical Review 80, no. 2 (October 2001): 301–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2001.80.2.301.

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14

Allen, A. M. "Scottish History Society, Miscellany of the Scottish History Society." Journal of Scottish Historical Studies 36, no. 1 (May 2016): 112–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jshs.2016.0175.

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15

Credland, Arthur G. "London and the Whaling Trade." Mariner's Mirror 106, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 106–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2020.1703403.

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16

Credland, Arthur G. "Shetland and the Greenland Whaling." Mariner's Mirror 106, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.2020.1703404.

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17

Wolfe, Adam. "Australian Whaling Ambitions and Antarctica." International Journal of Maritime History 18, no. 2 (December 2006): 305–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140601800215.

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18

Ylitalo, Matthew. "Maritime labour and economic opportunity: Shetlanders and the Dundee Arctic whaling trade during the late nineteenth century." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 2 (May 2019): 347–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871418824973.

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From the late eighteenth century until the early twentieth century, British Arctic whaling vessels called at the Shetland Islands to hire additional crew members. Whalers valued Shetlanders for their boat-handling expertise, and Shetlanders benefitted from earning cash wages. After 1872, local documentation on Shetlanders in Arctic whaling becomes scarcer. This article traces social, economic and environmental factors to contextualise Shetland’s involvement in Arctic whaling during its last decades. It draws information from British merchant marine crew agreements to identify prosopographical characteristics of Shetlanders joining the whalers, and it links this information to other Shetland sources to understand how whaling influenced Shetland’s society and economy. The article also demonstrates the value of using crew agreements to develop alternative perspectives of social, economic and labour histories across a multiscalar range of local, regional and transoceanic histories.

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19

Fielding, Russell, and Christian Barrientos. "History of whaling in AnnobÃ³n, Equatorial Guinea, and new evidence of its continued occurrence." J. Cetacean Res. Manage. 22, no. 1 (April 8, 2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.47536/jcrm.v22i1.217.

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A regular, though infrequent, artisanal whaling operation targeting humpback whales has been known to occur from the West African island of AnnobÃ³n, Equatorial Guinea, since the late 18th century. Little has been known outside of Equatorial Guinea about this whaling operation since the mid-1970s. This paper presents a brief history of AnnobonÃ©s whaling, describes recently surfaced evidence of its continuation as recently as 2017 and considers the future of the operation.

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20

HOLT, SIDNEY J. "The Tortuous History of “Scientific” Japanese Whaling." BioScience 53, no. 3 (2003): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2003)053[0205:tthosj]2.0.co;2.

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21

Barthelmess, Klaus. "Book Review: A History of World Whaling." International Journal of Maritime History 3, no. 2 (December 1991): 176–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387149100300212.

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22

Reeves, Randall R. "Leviathan: the history of whaling in America." Marine Mammal Science 24, no. 1 (January 2008): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.2007.00166.x.

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23

Edwards, Mary K. Bercaw. ":Leviathan: The History of Whaling in America." American Historical Review 113, no. 5 (December 2008): 1518–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/ahr.113.5.1518.

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24

Basberg, Bjørn L. "Chr. Christensen and C. A. Larsen: A comparative analysis of two whaling entrepreneurs." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 1 (February 2019): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871418822436.

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Chr. Christensen and C. A. Larsen are usually considered among the most important pioneers in the transfer of whaling to Antarctic waters in the early twentieth century. After a period of close cooperation during the 1890s, they took different courses and built up their Antarctic enterprises independently of each other. While Larsen initiated the foundation of shore station whaling at South Georgia, Christensen sent a floating factory ship to the South Shetland Islands. The main aim of the paper is to make a systematic comparison of the two entrepreneurs and their companies, and focus explicitly on the considerations and decisions they made when whaling was transferred from north to south. They obviously chose different strategies, but we will ask how different they really were in their thinking about how southern whaling was going to develop. Both entrepreneurs brought along their experiences from how whaling had been undertaken in the northern waters. It was not obvious what organizational patterns would work in the south, and we shall study how familiar and new ways of organizing the industry were combined – as is often the case in entrepreneurial innovations.

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25

Wormald, Jenny, and Gordon Donaldson. "Scottish Church History." American Historical Review 92, no. 2 (April 1987): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1866688.

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26

TANNER, DUNCAN. "Scottish Labour History." Twentieth Century British History 3, no. 2 (1992): 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/3.2.191.

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27

Sanger, Chesley W. "The Impact of the American Revolutionary War on Scottish Northern Whaling: The Dunbar Factor." Northern Scotland 20 (First Serie, no. 1 (May 2000): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nor.2000.0005.

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28

Barrow, Tony. "THE NEWCASTLE WHALING TRADE 1752–1849." Mariner's Mirror 75, no. 3 (January 1989): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00253359.1989.10656255.

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29

Basberg, Bjørn L. "Book Review: The British Whaling Trade." International Journal of Maritime History 18, no. 1 (June 2006): 439–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140601800152.

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30

Basberg, Bjørn L. "Whaling or Shipping? Conflicts over the Use of the Norwegian Whaling Fleet during World War II." International Journal of Maritime History 3, no. 1 (June 1991): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387149100300109.

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31

Keys, Jennifer, and Henry Guly. "The medical history of South Georgia." Polar Record 45, no. 3 (July 2009): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003224740800781x.

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ABSTRACTThe first landing on South Georgia was made in 1775. Sealing expeditions arrived soon afterwards, and during the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries men plundered the beaches and seas surrounding the island for seals and whales. Sealing and whaling ceased in the 1960s, when declining whale numbers and the increasing use of other forms of oil made the industry uneconomical. Although an isolated island with a small population and a severe climate, South Georgia has a rich history. Its medical history has not been previously studied. This paper aims to look at some aspects of the medical history of the island, from early expeditions of discovery, through to the 20th century whaling industry. Surviving whalers and whaling doctors were interviewed. Published material with any relevance to South Georgia, including academic texts and personal memoirs, were searched for details of hospitals, doctors and medical events on the island. Documents archived in South Georgia, the Falkland Islands and the United Kingdom revealed much useful information, and occasional documents came to light from other sources. Aspects of the provision of medical services over two centuries from 1775 to the beginning of the 1960s are described. Morbidity and mortality are summarised and discussed, as are differences between medical care in South Georgia and standard care.

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32

LÜTTGE, FELIX. "Whaling intelligence: news, facts and US-American exploration in the Pacific." British Journal for the History of Science 52, no. 3 (June 14, 2019): 425–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087419000177.

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AbstractThis paper investigates the history of a discursive figure that one could call the intelligent whaler. I argue that this figure's success was made possible by the construal and public distribution of whaling intelligence in an important currency of science – facts – in the preparatory phase for the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–1842). The strongest case for the necessity of the enterprise was New England whalers who were said to cruise uncharted parts of the oceans and whose discoveries of uncharted islands were reported in the local press. The document that stood at the core of the lobbying for an expedition was a table that newspaperman and public lecturer Jeremiah Reynolds had compiled after interviewing whaling captains in the country's principal whaling ports. Presenting whalers’ experience in tabular and synoptic form, Reynolds's table helped forge the figure of the ‘intelligent whaler’, a mariner who had better geographical knowledge than other seafarers. By investigating the paper technologies that produced the ‘intelligent whaler’, this paper shows how Reynolds's translation of ‘whaling intelligence’ from news into facts marks the beginning of the intelligent whaler's long career in US-American debates about expansionism, exploration and science.

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33

Rouleau, Brian. "Leviathan: The History of Whaling in America (review)." Journal of the Early Republic 27, no. 4 (2007): 756–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jer.2007.0071.

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34

Schokkenbroek, Joost CA. "Sailors in wonderland: Dutch sperm whaling during the nineteenth century, 1827–1849." International Journal of Maritime History 29, no. 2 (May 2017): 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871417694001.

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The Dutch engaged in whaling between 1612 and 1964, with intervals of non-activity in the last quarter of the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth centuries. Under varied circumstances, the Dutch have relied upon the expertise of foreign whalemen. The involvement of Basque whalers in the foundation and organisation of Dutch whaling expeditions during the first half of the seventeenth century is fully documented. Less well known is the collaboration between the Dutch and whaling experts from the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century. This article relates to a number of expeditions undertaken by Dutch and American whalemen, who headed for hunting grounds unfamiliar to the Dutch. It examines the political and economic contexts within which American involvement should be considered, and identifies the results of this involvement.

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35

Higdon, Jeff W. "Second reply to the comment by Romero and Kannada on “Genetic analysis of 16th-century whale bones prompts a revision of the impact of Basque whaling on right and bowhead whales in the western North Atlantic”Appears in Can. J. Zool. 84(7): 1059–1065." Canadian Journal of Zoology 86, no. 1 (January 2008): 76–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z07-118.

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The comments by A. Romero and S. Kannada (2006. Can. J. Zool. 84: 1059–1065) provide a brief summary of North Atlantic whaling history as a critique of T. Rastogi et al. (2004. Can. J. Zool. 82: 1647–1654) . However, they fall far short of providing an accurate review of whaling history in this region. The authors present a number of factual errors, misuse several key sources, and make significant omissions, ultimately defeating the purpose of providing information to biologists, managers, and historians. In this comment I highlight the mistakes in their representation of the history of North Atlantic whaling for bowhead whales ( Balaena mysticetus L., 1758). There are unacceptable errors for most nations covered, and for American whaling in particular. The authors assert that over 30 000 bowhead whales were landed by Yankee whalers in the North Atlantic when the vast majority were in fact taken on the Pacific grounds. Although a summary of whaling history is an admirable goal and of potential value, it is unfortunate that the authors missed such an opportunity by failing to adequately research this topic, failing to include important citations, and by including sources that do not provide the information indicated. Providing a whaling summary with such errors and omissions only adds further confusion to an already confusing theme.

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36

DEVINE, THOMAS M. "Whither Scottish History? Preface." Scottish Historical Review 73, no. 1 (April 1994): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.1994.73.1.1.

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37

Murdoch, Alex. "Cox, Exploring Scottish History." Scottish Historical Review 80, no. 2 (October 2001): 300–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2001.80.2.300.

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38

Goodare, Julian. "ECONOMIC HISTORY, PEOPLE'S HISTORY AND SCOTTISH HISTORY." Scottish Economic & Social History 13, no. 1 (May 1993): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/sesh.1993.13.13.77.

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39

Rand, Niall Alexander. "Reforming the International Whaling Commission: Indigenous Peoples, the Canadian Problem and the Road Ahead." International Community Law Review 19, no. 2-3 (June 13, 2017): 324–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18719732-12341358.

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The International Whaling Commission (iwc) conceals within its history a perennial battle between nations. Since the moratorium on commercial whaling took effect in 1986 both sides of the whaling debate have been unable to substantively advance their cause. This has led many commentators to question its purpose and ability to adapt to issues of modern significance. Given the interdisciplinary breadth of the debate at hand, this article primarily focuses on place of Indigenous peoples within the history of whaling and what role, if any, they will play in the future relevance of the iwc. It is argued that Canada’s withdrawal from the iwc, in the interest of its Indigenous peoples, should generally be regarded as a domestic regulatory success. Nevertheless, the time is ripe for Canada to re-establish itself at the international level with the goal of reforming the state of the Aboriginal Subsistence Whaling exception and perhaps the iwc itself.

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40

Sanger, Chesley W. "Book Review: London and the Whaling Trade." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 4 (November 2019): 930–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871419874006h.

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41

Kraus, Scott D. "Book Review: Whales, Whaling, and Ocean Ecosystems." International Journal of Maritime History 20, no. 1 (June 2008): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140802000138.

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42

Dyer, Michael P. "Book Review: Shetland and the Greenland Whaling." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 2 (May 2020): 504–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420920957c.

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43

Bosworth, Amanda L. "In the hands of one nineteenth-century whaling cooper: Finding ourselves at sea." International Journal of Maritime History 32, no. 3 (August 2020): 573–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871420956492.

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The cooper, or barrel maker, on an American nineteenth-century commercial whaling voyage occupied such a valuable position that his life was not risked hunting whales. The cooper was both part of the action and distanced from it, enabling him to create, through his collection of casks of whale oil, the archive of the whaling voyage. A close reading of one cooper’s logbook from the 1850s allows us to consider the process of whaling from his standpoint, as well as to theorize how the cooper was like the archivist, the chronicler, of the voyage. The cooper gave the ocean a history by creating its archive with his barrels, bearing them safely to shore, and sharing them with the world. The single cooper discussed here presents readers with two archives – his barrels of whale oil and his private logbook – which expose two different temporalities in which the potential archives of scholars exist.

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44

Thompson, Corey Evan. "Melville, Ishmael, Teaching, and Whaling." ANQ: A Quarterly Journal of Short Articles, Notes and Reviews 18, no. 4 (September 2005): 40–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/anqq.18.4.40-42.

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45

Johnson, Niall P. A. S. "Scottish 'flu – The Scottish Experience Of ‘spanish Flu’." Scottish Historical Review 83, no. 2 (October 2004): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2004.83.2.216.

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46

Miller, Gavin. "Scottish science fiction: writing Scottish literature back into history." Études écossaises, no. 12 (April 30, 2009): 121–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesecossaises.197.

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47

Sanger, Chesley, and Anthony Dickinson. "The Origins of Modern Shore Based Whaling in Newfoundland and Labrador: The Cabot Steam Whaling Co. Ltd., 1896–98." International Journal of Maritime History 1, no. 1 (June 1989): 129–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387148900100109.

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48

Macleod, Jenny. "“By Scottish hands, with Scottish money, on Scottish soil”: The Scottish National War Memorial and National Identity." Journal of British Studies 49, no. 1 (January 2010): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/644535.

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49

McKenzie, Matthew. "Book Review: Leviathan: The History of Whaling in America." International Journal of Maritime History 19, no. 2 (December 2007): 478–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140701900248.

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50

Campbell, R. H., and R. A. Houston. "Scottish Literacy and the Scottish Identity." Economic History Review 39, no. 4 (November 1986): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2596489.

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