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An, Hyoung Joon Hyoung. "National aspirations, imagined futures, and space exploration: The origin and development of Korean Space Program 1958-2013." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54426.
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The goal of my dissertation is to describe the history of the South Korean1 space program and to use it to offer some insights on reframing space history from a global point of view. South Korea is a new player among the space faring nations. While some of the necessary infrastructure was put in place in the 30 years after the launch of Sputnik, the country only really made a commitment space in the 1990s, developing rapidly to become a significant presence today. The launch of KITsat-1 (Uribyul-1, the first Korean satellite) in 1992 marks its first major achievement, after which it built up its technological capabilities in the space sector in a relatively short period. South Korea now has twelve satellites and operates several space projects, and successfully developed its first space launch vehicle, KSLV-1, also known as Naro, in 2013. Although KSLV-1 is derived from the first stage of the Russian Angara rocket, combined with a solid-fueled second stage built by South Korea, its successful launch was the crucial step for the development of the country’s civilian space program. South Korea aims to develop the first wholly Korean-made launch rocket, KSLV-2 by 2020, which will additionally be used to launch a moon orbiter later that year.
Korea’s recent aspiration to space exploration can be seen as part of global narrative in which the conquest of space is not dominated by a few superpowers. Our understanding of the past half-century of space development is, however, still firmly rooted in the framework of the old Cold-War-centered approach to space history. Until recently, only large and powerful nations have been able to mobilize the resources necessary for access to space, so the early years of space exploration produced a simple narrative: a fierce space competition between the Soviet Union and the U. S., with a few countries following behind in a struggle to increase their presence in space. Yet emerging powers’ stories of space development were barely noticed in comparison with the abundant literature on the space history of the super-powers and the increasing literature on middle-range space powers. In order to situate the South Korean space program in this evolving global context, this dissertation attempts to answer the following critical questions: What is the origin of Korean space development? Why is South Korea a late-comer in space, and why is it becoming more active today? How have its motivations and rationales evolved in defining relationships with other countries including the U.S., Russia, France, China, Japan, and even North Korea? Why does it continue to emphasize the need for “Korean” technology in space? In essence, what is Korean about the Korean space program?
I seek answers to these questions by examining the relationship between a “space program” and “the construction of national identity” in a political, social, and transnational context. Through historical analysis, I will show that South Korea’s space program has been primarily driven by nationalistic rationales implicit in the argument that space development served “modernization,” “self-defense,”, “economic security”, and “national prestige.” By tracing the multiple links between technological prowess and national imagination, I connect these four rationales using to periodization; 1950s~1960s, 1970~1984, 1985~1997, and 1998~2013. A close examination of the history of the development of space exploration in South Korea offers a fertile ground for exploring the question how the rationales of space development have evolved as the Korean state worked on nation-building in a global context.
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BHOLA, GAURAV. "INDIA AND CHINA SPACE PROGRAMS: FROM GENESIS OF SPACE TECHNOLOGIES TO MAJOR SPACE PROGRAMS AND WHAT THAT MEANS FOR THE INTERNATI." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3276.
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The Indian and Chinese space programs have evolved into technologically advanced vehicles of national prestige and international competition for developed nations. The programs continue to evolve with impetus that India and China will have the same space capabilities as the United States with in the coming years. This will present new challenges to the international community in spheres civilian, to space and military applications and their residual benefits.<br>M.A.<br>Department of Political Science<br>Sciences<br>Political Science MA
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Maharaj, Doraisamy Ashok. "Space for "development": US-Indian space relations 1955 -1976." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/45973.
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Through four case studies of technological systems - optical tracking of satellites, sounding rockets, instructional television through a geosynchronous satellite, and a launch vehicle--I explore the origins and development of the Indian space program from 1955 through 1976, a period critical in shaping the program's identity and its relationship to the state. Institutionalized, and constructed in different geographic regions of India, these systems were embedded in the broader political, economic, and social life of the country and served as nodes around which existing and new scientific and technological communities were formed. These organic, highly networked communities in turn negotiated and developed a space program to meet the social and strategic demands of a new modernizing nation state. That modernizing program was, in turn, embedded in a broader set of scientific, technological and political relationships with industrialized countries, above all the United States. The United States' cooperation with India began with the establishment of tracking stations for plotting the orbits of artificial satellites. Cognizant of the contributions made by Indian scientists in the field of astronomy and meteorology, a scientific tradition that stretched back several decades, the officials and the scientific community at NASA, along with their Indian counterparts outlined a cooperative program that focused on the mutual exploration of the tropical space for scientific data. This initial collaboration gradually expanded and more advanced space application projects brought the two democratic countries, in spite of some misgivings, closer together in the common cause of using space sciences and technologies for developing India. In the process India and the United States ended up coproducing a space program that responded to the ambitions of the postcolonial scientific and political elite of India. The global Cold War and the ambiguities, desires and tensions of a postcolonial nation-state vying for leadership among the newly decolonized states in the Afro-Asian region are critical for understanding the origins and the trajectory of India's space program. Without this political context and the construction of a transnational web of relationships, it is highly unlikely that the Indian scientific and technological elite, along with their industrial and political partners, would have succeeded in putting India on the space map of the world.
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Johnson, Michael P. "Skylab: The Human Side of a Scientific Mission." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3659/.
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This work attempts to focus on the human side of Skylab, America's first space station, from 1973 to 1974. The thesis begins by showing some context for Skylab, especially in light of the Cold War and the “space race” between the United States and the Soviet Union. The development of the station, as well as the astronaut selection process, are traced from the beginnings of NASA. The focus then shifts to changes in NASA from the Apollo missions to Skylab, as well as training, before highlighting the three missions to the station. The work then attempts to show the significance of Skylab by focusing on the myriad of lessons that can be learned from it and applied to future programs.
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Alston, Giles. "International prestige and the American space programme." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1990. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b5b224dc-8612-413b-87a5-4ef75c2debd3.
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This thesis considers the role of prestige in international relations through a case study of the early years of the American space programme. After discussing the dearth of literature on the place of prestige in international relations, it examines the effect of prestige considerations on the space policy of the Eisenhower and Kennedy Administrations. Although urged to pursue a spectacular space programme for the sake of American prestige, Eisenhower believed that international prestige was not a matter requiring government intervention. Consequently, he favoured a small civilian space programmme structured according to scientific rather than political criteria. The opposite was the case for President Kennedy. It is shown how his experience in Congress, followed by his 1960 election campaign, gave him a different perspective on the political importance and utility of international prestige. This was appreciated by advocates of a manned lunar landing, who were able to present the Apollo project to him in terms of its international prestige value. Finally, after noting the changing attitude towards the space programme between 1961 and 1963, as well as the diminished American interest in international prestige by 1969, the thesis compares the experiences of the two administrations to draw some conclusions about the factors necessary for prestige to play an important role in international policy.
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Mooney, Ryan E. "Guiding “Big Science:” Competing Agency of Scientists and Funding Organizations in American Cold War Research." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1444054145.
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Scatolin, Vivian. "O Brasil em busca do domínio da tecnologia aeroespacial." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13408.
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Previous issue date: 2008-10-21<br>The establishment of the aerospace science in Brazil is the subject of this
investigation under the perspective of Science History. Mainly by analyzing
official documents and legislation, we search for the ideas and concepts that
guided the actions in three distinct moments: when Casimiro Montenegro Filho
created the Aeronautics Technological Institute in the 1940 decade, known by
the nationalism of the Vargas era; on the research efforts that permitted the
foundation of the aircraft maker Embraer during the development-oriented
decade of 1950 and the beginning of the Brazilian military dictatorship; and in
the elaboration of the Brazilian space program, between the dictatorial regime
and re-democratization.
It starts from the hypothesis that the factor which led to the wellsucceeded
nowadays performance of the country on building aircraft was the
adoption of a model based on the tripod science teaching research
industrial production. Meanwhile, in the space sector, internal difficulties and
others imposed by international circumstances impede the goals of the Brazilian
Complete Space Mission from being fully achieved.
The relevancy of this work relies on the understanding that aviation and
the reaching of space constitute state projects for the national modernization<br>A institucionalização da ciência aeroespacial no Brasil é o objeto desta
investigação sob a perspectiva da história da ciência. Por meio da análise
principalmente de documentos oficiais e da legislação, procurou-se apreender
as concepções presentes em três momentos distintos: quando da criação, por
Casimiro Montenegro Filho, do Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica na década
de 1940, marcada pelo nacionalismo da Era Vargas; no esforço de pesquisa
que propiciou a fundação da Embraer durante o desenvolvimentismo da
década de 1950 e o início da ditadura militar, e na formulação do programa
espacial brasileiro, entre o regime ditatorial e a redemocratização.
Parte-se da hipótese de que o fator que levou ao atual bem sucedido
desempenho do país na fabricação de aeronaves foi a aplicação de um modelo
baseado no tripé ensino de ciência pesquisa produção industrial. Enquanto
isso, no setor espacial, dificuldades internas e impostas pelo contexto
internacional impedem que os objetivos da Missão Espacial Completa
Brasileira sejam plenamente alcançados.
A relevância deste trabalho reside na compreensão de que a aviação e o
acesso ao espaço constituem projetos do Estado para a modernização
nacional
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Yes, Melissa R. "Space Program." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1494286481799127.
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Carper, Richard D. "Data Standards for the Space Station Freedom Program." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614720.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 30-November 02, 1989 / Town & Country Hotel & Convention Center, San Diego, California<br>The Space Station Freedom Program (SSFP) plans to utilize several of the Recommendations of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS). As it establishes the standard for space/ground communications formats and protocols, the development, use, and baselining of the CCSDS Recommendation for Advanced Orbiting Systems (AOS) is of particular interest to this audience. This paper focuses on the AOS, only incidentally addressing other CCSDS Recommendations. The Space Station Freedom Program is constituted of four separate flight elements. They are the manned Space Base, the European Space Agency (ESA) provided Manned Tended Free Flyer, the NASA provided Polar Orbiting Platform (POP), and the ESA provided Polar Orbiting Platform. The Manned Base flight element itself has four major components furnished by four different national agencies. These are two pressurized modules provided by NASA, a pressurized module provided by ESA, a pressurized module provided by the National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA), and a manipulator arm system similar to that used on the Space Shuttle, provided by Canada. The number of international interfaces involved clearly provides an environment in which data systems standards are not only an advantage but a necessity. This paper discusses four aspects of the effect of the AOS within the SSFP which are of special interest. First, the AOS is a new Recommendation of the CCSDS, and the SSFP has been in the unique position of playing a major role in the development of the Recommendation even as the SSFP was maturing it's own data systems concepts and executing it's preliminary design. Several advantages accrued to both the Program and the CCSDS from these parallel processes, including a level and breadth of review and of test bed activities which probably would not otherwise have been possible. These advantages and the interactions of the process are discussed. Second, the four flight elements of the SSFP are quite diverse, and therefore the data systems needs of each is significantly different from those of the others. The AOS Recommendation defines a spectrum of Services from which the flight system designers select those which are needed by their spacecraft. The specific application of the CCSDS AOS Recommendation to each SSFP flight element and the resulting sets of Services provided on each element are discussed. Third, simply by it's existence, the AOS Recommendation has provided a common language and a common framework in which data systems issues could be addressed. The usefulness and importance of the AOS Recommendation within the context both of the international nature of the SSFP and as a part of the generation of inter-organizational support agreements within NASA are discussed. Fourth, the current status of baselining various CCSDS Recommendations, especially the AOS, into the SSFP requirements structure is given.
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Wanigasekara, Prashan. "Latent state space models for prediction." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/106269.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, System Design and Management Program, Engineering and Management Program, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 95-98).<br>In this thesis, I explore a novel algorithm to model the joint behavior of multiple correlated signals. Our chosen example is the ECG (Electrocardiogram) and ABP (Arterial Blood Pressure) signals from patients in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit). I then use the generated models to predict blood pressure levels of ICU patients based on their historical ECG and ABP signals. The algorithm used is a variant of a Hidden Markov model. The new extension is termed as the Latent State Space Copula Model. In the novel Latent State Space Copula Modelthe ECG, ABP signals are considered to be correlated and are modeled using a bivariate Gaussian copula with Weibull marginals generated by a hidden state. We assume that there are hidden patient "states" that transition from one hidden state to another driving a joint ECG-ABP behavior. We estimate the parameters of the model using a novel Gibbs sampling approach. Using this model, we generate predictors that are the state probabilities at any given time step and use them to predict a patient's future health condition. The predictions made by the model are binary and detects whether the Mean arterial pressure(MAP) is going to be above or below a certain threshold at a future time step. Towards the end of the thesis I do a comparison between the new Latent State Space Copula Model and a state of the art Classical Discrete HMM. The Latent State Space Copula Model achieves an Area Under the ROC (AUROC) curve of .7917 for 5 states while the Classical Discrete HMM achieves an AUROC of .7609 for 5 states.<br>by Prashan Wanigasekara.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Backman, Fredrick. "Making Place for Space : a History of 'Space Town' Kiruna 1943-2000." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-101725.
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Science and technology have a tendency to clump together in places where they spawn other forms of societal activities. Sometimes these places become famous through processes known as place-making, or the social construction of place. Because the scientific and technological activities affect the places, and the places conversely affect the science and technology, it is relevant to study how and why these connections emerge. This dissertation examines the particular case of the northern Swedish town of Kiruna, which has become known for being a `space town' because of its scientific, technological, and other activities that relate to the near space around the earth. The overall objective is to analyse the processes underlying the making of Kiruna as a space town in the period 1943--2000. Five parts make up the study. First is an examination of how the development of space physics research in Kiruna led to the setting up of a scientific observatory. The second part studies how the Swedish participation in the European Space Research Organisationmade Kiruna the place for a rocket base. Next follows an analysis of how local business efforts contributed to forming a new satellite technology business and the Space House office building. The fourth part concerns how the visions to establish a space `university' eventually led to the emergence of the Space Campus. Last is an epilogue that briefly analyses the space tourism efforts in Kiruna. A central finding is that the space town has emerged as the result of entwined processes where, on the one hand, ideas about the near space around the earth have led to new activities and physical structures, and, on the other hand, these new activities and built structures conversely have inspired to new ideas. Of importance is also the geographical place where these developments have occurred. Here, a reoccurring argument to placing the activities and structures in Kiruna was the town's geographically favourable location for specific scientific and technological activities. Another finding is that the development has gradually led to the emergence of a kind of identity or notion of Kiruna as a particular place for space activities. Although this form of place-making has occurred largely through spontaneous processes, it was also the result of intentional efforts. Together, these different place-making processes have formed the `space town' of Kiruna.
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Scherer, Clay S. "Army space and transformation." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FScherer.pdf.
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Dunley, Kathleen Ann. "The space between: Ruins, narratives, and history." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3284468.
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Cook, Danielle N. "Public space and nation| Constructing national culture after independence." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527908.
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<p> In this thesis, I use the cities of Yamoussoukro, Cote d'Ivoire; Phnom Penh, Cambodia; and Montreal, Canada as case studies to analyze the connection between architecture, nationalism, and the influence of colonialism. Each of these cities was directly influenced by French urban development as these cities were reshaped in order to change the people, history, or culture of specific geographies. As these countries gained independence from France they used architecture as a way to express national identity to local populations in order to collectivize them, as well as a way to express this "unified" identity to the international community. This is rooted in the urban policies of the European colonizers which focused on teaching indigenous populations European morality, aesthetics, and rational use of space, but also in the creation of maps, drawings, and other material to express the colonial identity of these territories.</p>
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Rising, John M. (John Michael). "Safety-guided design & analysis of space launch vehicles." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118525.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 103-108).<br>The advent of commercial launch systems has brought about a new age of space launch vehicle design. In order to survive in a competitive market, space launch providers must design systems with new technologies in shorter development times. This changing nature of space launch vehicle design requires a new way to perform safety analysis. Traditional hazard analysis techniques do not deliver adequate insight early in the design process, when most of the safety-related decisions are made. Early design decisions are often made using "lessons-learned" from previous launch systems, rather than interactive feedback from the new vehicle design actually being developed. Furthermore, traditional techniques use reliability theory as their foundation, resulting in the use of excessive design margin and redundancy as the "default" vehicle design choices. This equivocation of safety and reliability may have made sense for simpler launch vehicles of the past, but most modern space launch vehicle accidents have resulted from incorrect software specifications, component interaction accidents, and other design errors independent of the reliability of individual components. The space launch industry needs safety analysis methods and design processes that identify and correct these hazards early in the vehicle design process, when modifications to correct safety issues are more effective and less costly. This work shows how Systems-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) can been used as a powerful tool to identify, mitigate, and possibly eliminate hazards throughout the entire space launch vehicle lifecycle. This work begins by reviewing traditional hazard analysis techniques and the changing nature of launch vehicle accidents. Next, it describes how STPA can be integrated into the space launch vehicle lifecycle to design safer systems. It then demonstrates the safety-guided design of a small-lift launch vehicle using STPA. Finally, this work shows how STPA can be used to satisfy regulatory and range safety requirements. The thesis of this work is that integration of STPA into the design of space launch vehicles can make a significant contribution to reducing launch vehicle accidents.<br>by John M. Rising.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Whyte, Neil Edgar. "United Kingdom space policy, 1955-60." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338677.
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This is a policy history of the earliest period of ·space' and the United Kingdom. tt is mainly concemed with the creation of the UK's first space policy, announced in 1959, but considers key precursor programmes as well as operational aspects of the policy itself. It treats both civil and military factors. Part I considers the precursors, i.e. the early upper atmosphere sounding rocket programme set up in 1955, and the early military interest in reconnaissance from satellites. Key to the former was the coincidence of civil and military interest in the upper atmosphere, the former for purely scientific reasons, the latter on account of the development of Blue Streak, the UK's medium range ballistic missile. The crucial development of the concept of using Blue Streak as the basis of a satellite launcher arose and is considered under the reconnaissance interest. Part II narrates developments between 1958 and 1959, when the UK's first policy was being developed in Whitehall. This process amounted to the fonnulation of a proposal for a civil scientific space programme based on Blue Streak, and the proposal's subsequent assessment. The roles of the key actors are analysed in detail - government departmentslbodies, the Royal Society, leading individual ministers, officials, advisers and independent scientists. Central is the assessment exercise mounted by the government's AdviSOry Council on Scientific Policy (ACSP), and the vexed question of scientific and technological priorities. Part III examines operational aspects. Though only a comparatively modest programme was agreed in 1959, it engendered serious problems in operation, some symptomatic of ailments in the whole system of government funded science. This part also considers all-important developments in the military's attitude towards space between 1959 and 1960
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Fitriani. "Multiscale Dynamic Time and Space Warping." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45279.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Computation for Design and Optimization Program, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-151).<br>Dynamic Time and Space Warping (DTSW) is a technique used in video matching applications to find the optimal alignment between two videos. Because DTSW requires O(N4) time and space complexity, it is only suitable for short and coarse resolution videos. In this thesis, we introduce Multiscale DTSW: a modification of DTSW that has linear time and space complexity (O(N)) with good accuracy. The first step in Multiscale DTSW is to apply the DTSW algorithm to coarse resolution input videos. In the next step, Multiscale DTSW projects the solution from coarse resolution to finer resolution. A solution for finer resolution can be found effectively by refining the projected solution. Multiscale DTSW then repeatedly projects a solution from the current resolution to finer resolution and refines it until the desired resolution is reached. I have explored the linear time and space complexity (O(N)) of Multiscale DTSW both theoretically and empirically. I also have shown that Multiscale DTSW achieves almost the same accuracy as DTSW. Because of its efficiency in computational cost, Multiscale DTSW is suitable for video detection and video classification applications. We have developed a Multiscale-DTSW-based video classification framework that achieves the same accuracy as a DTSW-based video classification framework with greater than 50 percent reduction in the execution time. We have also developed a video detection application that is based on Dynamic Space Warping (DSW) and Multiscale DTSW methods and is able to detect a query video inside a target video in a short time.<br>by Fitriani.<br>S.M.
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Sharma, Tanay. "Vacuum Maglev : an international endeavour for a global space program." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/43099/.
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This thesis focuses on the use of magnetic levitation technology as a means to provide launch capability to future space bound vehicles. Building on past work and after an extensive literature review, we aim to show how magnetic levitation and propulsion can be an economically and socially justifiable means to launch cargo and passengers for the purpose of reconnaissance, space tourism, and deep space exploration. Based on the validity of the technology, we look at the economic and political viability of establishing a magnetic levitation and propulsion launch system and compare it with current launch systems. With the recession caused due to the market crash in 2008-09 and the national space budget constrictions that followed, it is easy to establish that any project of this scale would not only require international collaboration and cooperation, but also an international framework developed from the ground up to engage private enterprise and promote public-private partnerships. As the United States of America accounts for over 75% of global space spending, we focus on the impact of its internal policy and legislation such as the International Traffic in Arms Regulations and the United States munitions list that have a direct impact on collaborative and cooperative efforts made by public and private entities within the United States. The thesis goes on to describe how a new global space policy for civil and commercial projects could potentially pave the way for new avenues of collaboration and inclusion of actors who for the time being are unable to participate in the space arena either due to lack of available funds or technology inputs. This thesis and the publications based upon it, aims to define a new era in international cooperation, with a magnetic levitation and propulsion project being a technological test -bed that would help validate the cooperation scenario.
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Johnson, Matthew B. "The Desert Legume Program - A Brief History." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556718.
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Magiawala, Kiran R. (Kiran Ramanlal). "The B-1B bomber : a program history." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34036.
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Thornton, Robert F. (Robert Francis). "A systems thinking approach to defining a space force architecture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121801.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2019<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 87-89).<br>The United States military services, government, and civilian population rely on the US military's historic technical dominance in outer space. Space-enabled capabilities have become fundamental across the spectrum of military and civilian activities. The space superiority gap that the US military has held for decades is narrowing as access to space technology, and to space itself, becomes more widespread, allowing more nations, private industry, and non-state actors to become significant players in space. In response to this trend, the US Department of Defense and Congress are seeking to establish the Space Force as an independent branch of the Armed Forces. This thesis applies a systems thinking method to designing the structure and function of the Space Force. Through review of open-source literature, the study summarizes the current state of the military space enterprise and assesses the arguments made by advocates of various approaches to organizing the space forces.<br>The US military possesses extensive space power, executing critical missions such as navigation, imagery, and communications. US government space functions also include space intelligence, managing space traffic, and regulating the space industry. The literature review enables understanding of the existing architecture, five proposed alternative architectures and the eight key decisions on which they are based, and eight utility and cost metrics for evaluating the options. Tradespace analysis reveals the relative value of the six architectures and how they compare to other possible configurations to inform the Space Force debate. This limited investigation expressly does not include classified information or insider perspectives, and therefore does not offer policy recommendations, but within its limitations and assumptions the tradespace analysis offers some useful conclusions.<br>First, creating the Space Force as a separate branch of the military is consistent with national security priorities and the current circumstances of the military and industry. Second, making the Space Force a whole-of-government organization yields the highest utility, though at the highest cost, amongst the six architectures under consideration. Third, military space capability commercialization can allow reduced cost and improved utility compared to the current architecture. Finally, consolidated space acquisitions only, without additional steps toward a separate Space Force, might not improve the military space enterprise compared to the existing baseline. Recommendations for future study include incorporating classified data and key stakeholder input into the framework, further decomposing the military space functions to elaborate the tradespace in greater detail and defining criteria for commercialization of space capabilities.<br>These additional steps will enable the research to reliably inform policy decisions.<br>by Robert F. Thornton.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management<br>S.M.inEngineeringandManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program
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Silva, Rosana Rodrigues da. "A história da matemática no portal do professor : uma análise hermenêutica dos planos de aula." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2015.
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Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Virgínia Cardia Cardoso<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa De Pós-Graduação em Ensino, História, Filosofia das Ciências e Matemática, 2015.<br>A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar como a História da Matemática tem sido abordada nos planos de aulas para o Ensino Fundamental, elaborados e publicados no Portal do Professor no "Espaço da Aula". O portal é um espaço para a troca de experiências entre professores do ensino fundamental e médio de todo o país. Conta com sugestões de aulas de acordo com o currículo de cada disciplina e recursos metodológicos variados, dentre deles destacam-se vídeos, fotos, mapas, áudio e textos. Essas sugestões são preparadas pelos professores e publicadas com o objetivo de disseminar experiências educacionais nas e das diferentes regiões do Brasil. A pesquisa terá uma abordagem qualitativa, apresentando um enfoque analítico. Será realizada uma análise de dez planos de aula selecionados no Espaço da Aula do Portal do Professor (MEC) utilizando o Referencial Teórico da Hermenêutica de Profundidade (Thompson, 2011). Este referencial estrutura-se em três "dimensões" interligadas que são denominadas de análise sócio-histórica, análise formal ou discursiva e interpretação/reinterpretação. Realizamos uma análise discursiva das aulas selecionadas com a confrontação do nosso referencial teórico. Foram coletadas 741 aulas de Matemática dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental, elaboradas e publicadas no Espaço da Aula. Destas, a História da Matemática esteve presente em 71 aulas publicadas, das quais escolhemos dez planos de aulas, um de cada bloco/tema de conteúdo matemático para a análise. Em nossas análises verificamos que os recursos à HM indicados nos planos convergem com as possibilidades pedagógicas apontadas em nosso referencial e são abordados em diferentes itens das aulas elaboradas. Vislumbramos o Portal do Professor como um espaço formativo e de autoria, para o acesso e criação de aulas, também com a HM, por professores de todo o país. Neste trabalho, consideramos a HM importante como um conhecimento para o professor, para o preparo de suas aulas e que tem potencialidades para ser abordada de diferentes formas, sendo uma possibilidade relevante, dentre outras, a ser considerada pelo professor, de acordo com os seus objetivos, apresentando a Matemática como criação humana de diferentes culturas.<br>This research aims to analyze how the history of mathematics has been addressed in the lesson plans for the elementary school, prepared and published in the Teacher Portal in "Space Lesson". The portal is a space for the exchange of experiences among middle and high school teachers across the country. Has suggestions classes according to the curriculum of each discipline and various methodological resources, among them stand out videos, photos, maps, audio and texts. These suggestions are prepared by teachers and published in order to disseminate the educational experiences and from different regions of Brazil. The research will have a qualitative approach, with an analytical approach. An analysis ten lesson plans selected in the Classroom Teacher Portal Space (MEC) using the Theoretical Reference Depth Hermeneutics (Thompson, 2011) will be held. This framework is structured in three "dimensions" intertwined that are called historic partner analysis, formal or discursive analysis and interpretation / reinterpretation. We conducted a discourse analysis of selected classes with the confrontation of our theoretical framework. They collected 741 classes of Mathematics of the final years of elementary school, prepared and published in the Lecture Room. Of these, the mathematics of history was present in 71 lessons published, which chose ten lesson plans, one at a block / mathematical content theme for analysis. In our analysis we find that the resources at HM indicated in the plans converge with the pedagogical possibilities outlined in our framework and are addressed in different items of elaborate lessons. We see the Teacher Portal as a formative and authoring space for access and creating classes, also with HM, teachers across the country. In this paper, we consider the important HM as a knowledge for the teacher to prepare their lessons and that has the potential to be approached in different ways, one relevant possibility, among others, to be considered by the teacher, according to their goals, presenting mathematics as a human creation of different cultures.
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Vora, Parul Shailesh 1979. "Simulacrum : situated memory for architectural space." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62961.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2003.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-78).<br>The immediacy and transportability of digital images has changed the spatial and temporal relationship between the viewer and the image. The malleability and large volume of these images affords us the ability to set up new such relationships. This thesis introduces a system that creates an asynchronous channel of connection and interaction by allowing two people or two groups of people to simultaneously inhabit a temporally neutral space. Construed as an elastic collective memory, the system intelligently documents audio and visual activities in a social space. This data is dynamically recomposed and manifested in the present as an interactive display environment that composites the past with the present, collapsing the temporal gap between them.<br>by Parul Shailesh Vora.<br>S.M.
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Grdzelidze, Tamara. "The concept of place/space in the writings of Maximus the Confessor : liturgical space according to the Mystagogia." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285248.
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Moeketsi, Solomon Monare. "Space and characterization in Sesotho novels." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53060.
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Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study examines space and characterization in Sesotho novels focussing on three
main categories such as the space of travelling characters; the space of migrating
characters; and the space as an abstraction.
CHAPTER 1 introduces the aims of study as well as the theoretical framework which forms
the basis on which the study is analysed. The notions of space and character are
discussed within the theoretical framework of structuralism, and the focus is placed on
narratology.
CHAPTER 2 studies the travelling characters, focus is on Mofolo's novels, Moeti wa
botjhabe/a and Pitseng which depict two types of space where one space is presented as
traditional, and the other as a westernized space. The traditional and westernized spaces
are symbolized by means of bad and good characters respectively. The good characters
are depicted as angels, and the bad characters as monsters.
CHAPTER 3 examines the space of migrating characters that leave their rural spaces for
the urban spaces. Their characters are shown by means of changes that they experience
at different spaces. In most of the novels examined, characters are motivated by certain
desires to act in a particular way, and the change in them is the result of a crucial situation
in life, hence we say characterization and space in those novels are reconciled in an
appropriate way. CHAPTER 4 deals with the space as an abstraction which shows how the characters'
personalities are affected by the political, psychological and socio-economic factors.
Characterization in these novels is good except in Makappa's novel, Thatohatsi.
In CHAPTER 5 we look as to whether the novels are good or bad in terms of literary
appreciation and conclusion is drawn to the effect that it is not heredity that makes up a
character, but the social environment. This is achieved through the literary aspects such
as the way conflict is handled, types of characters and the portrayal of the space in which
the characters live.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die navorsing wat hierdie proefskrif gedoen is het die soeklig op ruimte en karakterisering
in Sesotho novelles laat val. Klem is op drie hoof-kateqorie gele. uimte wat deur
rondreisende karakters ingeneem word, die ruimte wat deur nomadiese of rondtrekkende
karakters beslaan word, en ruimte as n bepaalde begrip.
Hoofstuk 1 stel die leser voor aan die doelwitte van die navorsing, sowel as die teoretiese
raamwerk wat die grondslag waarop die studie berus, vorm. Die begrippe 'ruimte' en
'karakter' word binne die teoretiese raamwerk van die strukturalisme bespreek en die
fokus word in hierdie geval op die vertelkunde geplaas.
Hoofstuk 2 Ie klem op rondreisende karakters en ondersoek Mofolo se novelles Moeti wa
botjhabela en Pits eng waarin twee soorte ruimtes uitgebeeld word; naamlik, tradisionele
ruimte en verwesterse ruimte. Tradisionele en verwesterse ruimtes word onderskeilik deur
slegte en goeie karakters versinnebeeld. Die goeie karakters word as engele uitgebeeld,
terwyl die slegte karakters as monsters voorgestel word.
In Hoofstuk 3 word die ruimte van die nomadiese karakters wat hulle plattelandse ruimte
vir 'n stedelike ruimte verruil, ondersoek. Hierdie karakters word deur middel van
veranderinge wat in verskillende ruimtes plaasvind, voorgestel. In die meeste novelles wat
ondersoek is, het die karakters op n sekere manier opgetree omdat hulle deur bepaalde
begeertes daartoe gedryf is. Die verandering in die lewens van hierdie karakters as
gevolg hiervan, kan dan beskou word as die direkte gevolg van sekere deurslaggewende
gebeurtenisse. Karakteriseering en ruimte word dus in hierdie novelles op n geskikte
wyse met mekaar verbind. Hoofstuk 4 neem die begrip 'ruimte' onder die loep om sodoende aan te dui hoe die
karakters se persoonlikhede deur politieke, sielkundige en sosio-ekonomiese faktore
beinvloed word. Karakterisering in hierdie novelles is geslaagd, behalwe in Makappa se
novelle Thatohatsi.
In Hoofstuk 5, word aandag geskenk aan die beoordeling van die novelles in terme van die
hulle literere waarde en daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat dit nie oorerflike
eienskappe is wat gestalte aan 'n bepaalde karakter gee nie, maar veel eercer sy
omgewing. Oit word veral duidelik as gelet word op bepaalde literere aspekete soos die
manier waarop konflik uitgebeeld word, asook die beskrywing van die ruimte waarin die
karakters hulle bevind.
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MacDonald, Alexander. "The long space age : an economic perspective on the history of American space exploration." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711674.
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Deiber, Camilla R. "Breaking Mason Dixon's line : transformation of the kitchen space." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/897486.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the societal and technological influences on the modernization and design of the kitchen space between the years of 1890 and 1940. The development of the kitchen space is an important reflection of the conditions in which women worked and of women's role in the family. Examining the physical transformation of the kitchen space is the principal foundation on which to build a fundamental understanding of women's changing role in the home. The influences of advancing technology in home appliances and the advice of Home Economists were examined and weighed against each other as to their impact on the kitchen space. Transformation of the kitchen space began with the organization of tasks into work centers by Home Economists. Equipment and appliances were grouped together according to the task, such as cooking. Organization of work in the kitchen resulted in three distinct work areas centered around the sink, stove, and refrigerator. These principles of work organization were established by the end of the 1930's. It is at this time that advancements in appliance technology truly began to impact on the kitchen space. Affordability and acceptance of electricity as a "fuel" for kitchen appliances in the 1930's made electric stoves and refrigerators more appealing to the average household. Electric and gas appliances used "cooler" fuels which emitted less heat on the exterior. This property allowed these appliances to be built into cabinetry without danger of fire, a principle that had prevented the extensive use of built-in cabinetry prior to the 1930's.<br>Department of Architecture
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Panetta, P. V. (Peter V. ). "Risk management strategies for developing complex space systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91747.
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Bennett, James Thomas. "A struggle in space: contesting interpretations of monastic and urban space during the Abbatical Vacancy at Bury St. Edmund's, 1379-1385." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406631794.
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Camburn, Albert. "The history of the principal preparation program : planned program change at Virginia Tech /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-170917/.
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Hurst, Kyle B. "Applying the engineering systems multiple-domain matrix framework to nanosatellite space systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113513.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 86-88).<br>The nanosatellite industry is expanding rapidly, as academic and private institutions develop new technologies for experimentation on orbit. These "CubeSats" are resource constrained, complex socio-technical systems that have complicated interdependencies across multiple domains. To improve understanding and reduce ambiguity, systems engineers apply a variety of modeling frameworks to model system behavior. Introduced in 2007, the Engineering Systems Multiple- Domain Matrix (ES-MDM) framework addresses the interdependencies of a complex engineering system, such as a CubeSat, across five domains: environmental, social, functional, technical and process. Using the Free-space Lasercom and Radiation Experiment (FLARE) CubeSat constellation as an example engineering system case, the ES-MDM is constructed using the qualitative knowledge construction framework to model and analyze the system drivers, stakeholders, objectives, function, objects and processes of the system. The primary objective of this analysis is to provide a structured systems design approach for nanosatellite development that encompasses the entire system holistically. The second objective is to analyze the interactions and interdependencies within a highly-constrained system and determine key design nodes that are critical to system flexibility. The third objective is to evaluate the ability of the ES-MDM methodology to analyze a highly-constrained system. The fourth objective of thesis is to provide recommendations for future work to improve the ESMDM framework and the s7102 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Integrated Design and Management Program.<br>by Kyle B. Hurst.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Burke, Monica. "Mat space for at-risk youth| A comprehensive wellness program grant." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10014957.
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<p> The purpose of this grant proposal was to develop and fund a wellness program incorporating yoga for at-risk youth in Los Angeles County, California. Operation Jump Start and United Dream factory were the agencies selected as the potential hosts of this project. </p><p> A thorough review of the literature indicated that youth are particularly vulnerable to issues that may negatively affect their healthy development and well-being (physical, psychological, social and environmental). Previous research also indicated that the best way to address the issues of adolescent health include collaborative approaches that address a variety of factors. Therefore, the grant writer designed a comprehensive wellness program that incorporates yoga, physical activity, mindfulness training and nutrition education; Mindful Active Teens Stretching, Practicing Awareness and Cultivating Ease or MAT SPACE. Private and public potential funding sources were researched and The Give Back Yoga Foundation was identified, as their goals are similar to the goals of MAT SPACE. </p><p> Actual submission and/or funding of the grant were not required for the successful completion of this project.</p>
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Richards, Matthew G. "On-orbit serviceability of space system architectures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35587.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-182).<br>On-orbit servicing is the process of improving a space-based capability through a combination of in-orbit activities which may include inspection; rendezvous and docking; and value-added modifications to a satellite's position, orientation, and operational status. As a means to extend the useful life or operational flexibility of spacecraft, on-orbit servicing constitutes one pathway to a responsive space enterprise. Following launch, traditional satellite operations are tightly constrained by an inability to access the orbiting vehicle. With the exception of software upgrades from ground controllers, operators are wedded to supporting payload technologies that become rapidly obsolete and to bus structures that deform during the stress of launch and degrade in the harsh environment of space. On-orbit servicing offers satellite operators an option for maintaining or improving space-based capabilities without launching a new spacecraft. Numerous studies have been performed on on-orbit servicing, particularly regarding the architecture of the servicing provider. Several customer valuation case studies have also been performed to identify the economic case (or lack thereof) for different categories of servicing missions.<br>(cont.) Little work, however, has been done to analyze the tradespace of potential on-orbit servicing customers-a global analysis of operational satellites currently orbiting the Earth. The goal of this research is to develop and test a methodology to assess the physical amenability of satellites currently in operation to on-orbit servicing. As defined here, physical amenability of a target satellite, or "serviceability," refers to the relative complexity required of a teleoperated or autonomously controlled robotic vehicle to accomplish on-orbit servicing. A three-step process is followed to perform serviceability assessments. First, a taxonomy of space systems is constructed to add structure to the problem and to identify satellite attributes that drive servicing mission complexity. Second, a methodology is proposed to assess serviceability across the four servicing activities of rendezvous, acquire, access, and service.<br>(cont.) This includes development of an agent-based model based on orbital transfers as well as a generalized framework in which serviceability is decomposed into four elements: (1) knowledge, (2) scale, (3) precision, and (4) timing. Third, the value of architecture frameworks and systems engineering modeling languages for conducting serviceability assessments is explored through the development of a discrete event simulation of the Hubble Space Telescope. The thesis concludes with prescriptive technical considerations for designing serviceable satellites and a discussion of the political, legal, and financial challenges facing servicing providers.<br>by Matthew G. Richards.<br>S.M.
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Lillie, Anita Shen. "MusicBox : navigating the space of your music." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46583.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-124).<br>Navigating increasingly large personal music libraries is commonplace. Yet most music browsers do not enable their users to explore their collections in a guided and manipulable fashion, often requiring them to have a specific target in mind. MusicBox is a new music browser that provides this interactive control by mapping a music collection into a two-dimensional space, applying principal components analysis (PCA) to a combination of contextual and content-based features of each of the musical tracks. The resulting map shows similar songs close together and dissimilar songs farther apart. MusicBox is fully interactive and highly flexible: users can add and remove features from the included feature list, with PCA recomputed on the fly to remap the data. MusicBox is also extensible; we invite other music researchers to contribute features to its PCA engine. A small user study has shown that MusicBox helps users to find music in their libraries, to discover new music, and to challenge their assumptions about relationships between types of music.<br>by Anita Shen Lillie.<br>S.M.
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Holschuh, Bradley Thomas. "Space exploration challenges : characterization and enhancement of space suit mobility and planetary protection policy analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62036.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics; and, (S.M. in Technology and Policy)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology and Policy Program, 2010.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 189-193).<br>This thesis addresses two challenges associated with advanced space and planetary exploration: characterizing and improving the mobility of current and future gas pressurized space suits; and developing effective domestic Planetary Protection policies for the emerging private space industry. Gas-pressurized space suits are known to be highly resistive to astronaut movement. As NASA seeks to return to planetary exploration, there is a critical need to improve full body space suit mobility for planetary exploration. Volume effects (the torque required to displace gas due to internal volume change during movement) and structural effects (the additional torque required to bend the suit materials in their pressurized state) are cited as the primary contributors to suit rigidity. Constant volume soft joints have become the design goal of space suit engineers, and simple joints like the elbow are believed to have nearly achieved such performance. However, more complex joints like the shoulder and waist have not yet achieved comparable optimization. As a result, it is hypothesized that joints like the shoulder and waist introduce a third, and not well studied, contributor to space suit rigidity: pressure effects (the additional work required to compress gas in the closed operating volume of the suit during movement). This thesis quantifies the individual contributors to space suit rigidity through modeling and experimentation. An Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) space suit arm was mounted in a -30kPa hypobaric chamber, and both volume and torque measurements were taken versus elbow angle. The arm was tested with both open and closed operating volumes to determine the contribution of pressure effects to total elbow rigidity. These tests were then repeated using a full EMU volume to determine the actual impact of elbow pressure effects on rigidity when connected to the full suit. In both cases, structural and volume effects were found to be primary contributors to elbow joint rigidity, with structural effects dominating at low flexion angles and volume effects dominating at high flexion angles; pressure effects were detected in the tests that used only the volume of the arm, but were found to be a secondary contributor to total rigidity (on average < 5%). These pressure effects were not detected in the tests that used the volume representative of a full EMU. Unexpected structural effects behavior was also measured at high (> 75°) flexion angles, suggesting that the underlying mechanisms of these effects are not yet fully understood, and that current models predicting structural effects behavior do not fully represent the actual mechanisms at work. The detection of pressure effects in the well-optimized elbow joint, even if only in a limited volume, suggests that these effects may prove significant for sub-optimized, larger, multi-axis space suit joints. A novel, fast-acting pressure control system, developed in response to these findings, was found to be capable of mitigating pressure spikes due to volume change (and thus, pressure effects). Implementation of a similar system in future space suit designs could lead to improvements in overall suit mobility. A second study, which focused on the implications of the development of the US private space industry on domestic Planetary Protection policy, is also presented. As signatories of the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space (commonly known as the Outer Space Treaty), the United States is responsible for implementing Planetary Protection procedures designed to prevent biological contamination of the Solar System, as well as contamination of the Earth by any samples returned from extra-terrestrial bodies. NASA has established policies and procedures to comply with this treaty, and has successfully policed itself independently and autonomously since the signing of the treaty. However, for the first time in the history of the American space program, private entities outside of NASA have developed the capability and interest to send objects into space and beyond Earth orbit, and no current protocol exists to guarantee these profit-minded entities comply with US Planetary Protection obligations (a costly and time-consuming process). This thesis presents a review of US Planetary Protection obligations, including NASA's procedures and infrastructure related to Planetary Protection, and based on these current protocols provides policy architecture recommendations for the emerging commercial spaceflight industry. It was determined that the most effective policy architecture for ensuring public and private compliance with Planetary Protection places NASA in control of all domestic Planetary Protection matters, and in this role NASA is charged with overseeing, supporting, and regulating the private spaceflight industry. The underlying analysis and architecture tradeoffs that led to this recommendation are presented and discussed.<br>by Bradley Thomas Holschuh.<br>S.M.in Technology and Policy<br>S.M.
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Zellmeyer, Stephan. "A place in space : the history of Swiss participation in European space programmes, 1960-1987 /." Paris : Beauchesne, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9782701015323.
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Ffolliott, Peter F., Leonard F. DeBano, and Malchus B. Jr Baker. "A Short History of the Arizona Watershed Program." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296489.
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Catron, Rhonda Karen. "Dual Credit English: Program History, Review, and Recommendations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27146.
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Wytheville Community College implemented the Dual Credit English program in 1988 following the Virginia Community College Systemâ s adoption of the Virginia Plan for Dual Enrollment. Essentially, the program allows qualified high school seniors to enroll in the collegeâ s freshman-level ENG 111: College Composition I and ENG 112: College Composition II courses while simultaneously completing senior English. The guarantee of college credit for students who earn at least a â Câ average and other cost-saving and time-saving features have contributed to the increased popularity of the program in recent years. This institutional study examines multiple facets of the program and determines program strengths and weaknesses. The dissertation provides historical data on the rationale for the program and presents perspectives from various constituencies involved in the program, including community college administrators, high school administrators, community college English faculty, dual credit English faculty, program graduates, and currently enrolled dual credit English students.
The study found that both the community college and high schools are committed to providing dual credit English courses that are of comparable quality to the collegeâ s regular freshman composition courses. Generally, students and graduates reported a high rate of satisfaction with the program. Students benefit monetarily from the program because the public school systems, not individual students, pay tuition costs. Also, students save time by accumulating college credits while still enrolled in high school and, thus, are often able to complete college degrees in a shorter time frame. Articulation agreements guarantee the transferability of dual credit English courses to most state-supported colleges and universities.
The study also discusses relevant administration issues such as curriculum development, placement policies and procedures, faculty selection, and program evaluation. Administrators strongly support the program, pointing out that it helps build student confidence and encourages students to consider higher education opportunities. Faculty perception varies, with community college faculty expressing concerns about student preparation and philosophical issues related to combining senior English with freshman composition. Dual credit English faculty, on the other hand, generally expressed more positive views, noting many of the same benefits students had cited.
The final chapter summarizes program successes, identifies concerns, and makes recommendations for improvements in the dual credit English program.<br>Ed. D.
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Kadambi, Achuta. "Computational light transport using space, time, and polarization." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115742.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 261-273).<br>Understanding how light travels through macroscopic scenes can transform autonomous driving, medical imaging and consumer photography. Unfortunately, this understanding is difficult to achieve: trillions of light paths are measured by millions of pixels. The framework of computational light transport was introduced to model this complex interaction between light and matter in a tractable space. In this thesis, we study new methods to invoke space, time, and polarization into a computational light transport framework. First, we study how probing the time dimension enables cameras to separate bounces from multiple light paths. Our solutions are inspired by prior work on multipath in wireless and telecommunications. We then invoke both time and space to provide the first provable bound on resolution for seeing around corners or through scattering media. Finally, we jointly invoke space, time, and polarization to propose an ultra-high quality form of 3D imaging. This thesis contributes a few analytical theories, including: (1) provable bounds on multipath separation; (2) provable bounds on seeing around corners; and (3) proof of shape reconstruction from polarimetric measurements. The thesis also contributes new applications that span: (a) micron-scale 3D cameras; (b) real-time object tracking around corners; and (c) single-shot computational relighting of images. Future applications encompass equipping self-driving cars the ability to see through fog, or enabling doctors to see deeper inside the body using light.<br>by Achuta Kadambi.<br>Ph. D.
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Karasopoulos, Harry A. "Supply, demand, and entrepreneurial ventures in the space launch industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8885.
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Thesis (S.M.M.O.T.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Management of Technology Program, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 202-221).<br>Responsive, affordable space transportation, using reusable launch vehicles (RL Vs) to place payloads into orbit at a fraction of today's exorbitant costs, will become a reality within the next few decades. As the railroads unlocked the American West, and as the modern airplane shrank our planet, reusable launch vehicles will open space with vast scientific, commercial, humanistic, and military payoffs. The large amount of financing required for commercial RLV development coupled with significant market risk, the employment of a myriad of high-risk technologies, the lack of Federal assistance beyond early stage RLV technology development, and numerous other barriers to entry have greatly undermined successful RLV system development. Historically, the U.S. government has stepped into the fray of past transportation technology and infrastructure development with investments and funding incentives. Over the past two decades, however, the U.S. government's record in RLV development has been dismal, characterized by repeated attempts to leapfrog critical technologies rather than applying a pragmatic, stepping stone, "build a little, fly a little" approach that was so successfully utilized in experimental aircraft development a few decades before. Despite a number of failed launch vehicle development endeavors since the development of the Space Shuttle, a wave of private entrepreneurial firms are currently attempting to develop innovative reusable launch vehicle concepts independently of the U.S. government. Originally bolstered by a late 1990s bullish low Earth orbit (LEO) market, the success of these endeavors may be destined to echo that of an analogous wave of failed entrepreneurial expendable launch vehicle development efforts from a few years before, especially now that the LEO market has declined so drastically. This thesis addresses several aspects of the development of reusable launch vehicles. Demand for space launch is examined, with attention on commercial satellite trends and emerging markets. Space launch supply is assessed, with discussion of the current situation of launch vehicle over-capacity and high global competition. Several reusable and expendable launch vehicle development programs are examined, including the efforts of both small entrepreneurial ventures and large national programs. An introduction to barriers to entrepreneurial RLV development is also presented, focusing on legitimacy issues and the problems of financing such high-risk ventures. Finally, technology and market entry competitive strategies for entrepreneurial RLV ventures are discussed and recommendations offered.<br>by Harry Karasopoulos.<br>S.M.M.O.T.
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Smith, Robert Hanson 1964. "Comparative system architecture for large, government-sponsored space systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9757.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 1999.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-119).<br>The fundamental issues in any discussion of a proposed system architecture must involve the relative quality of the architecture when compared to other proposals and the architecture's ability to satisfy the needs and abilities of the customer, the system environment and the system developer. While the latter issue can often be easily addressed through standard system architecture methods, the former comparative issue can often be quite difficult due to some of the uncertainty and ambiguity in the· relative merit of system architecture factors. In large government-funded space system architectures, which often span years of development/production and cost tens of billions of dollars, this difficulty is especially apparent and highlights the need for an effective method for comparative evaluation. This thesis research has developed a unique tool by which comparisons of system architectures ca.n be made. This technique, which is a. fuzzy set extension of the Axiomatic Design method, has the ability to incorporate and capture both technical and non-technical parameters that are vital to the comparison process. This tool is effectively applied to architectural proposals for the human exploration of Mars. As supporting objectives, the research examines the structure of advanced technology developments, explores the affects of the government budgetary process and comments on the government/contractor managerial relationship as they pertain to space system architectures.<br>by Robert Hanson Smith.<br>S.M.
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Elayyadi, Abdeljalil. "Post-Colonial Immigration in France: History, Memory, and Space." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1082688426.
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Bennett, Zoë. "Finding a critical space : practical theology, history, and experience." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2013. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/313911/.
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This submission for a PhD by Published Work contains a selection of my published work from the period 2002-2012. The submission demonstrates my contribution in the field of practical theology to the quest to find a critical space in the dialectic between tradition and experience. The motor of my work has been the varied character of my context, and the discovery within that context of critical spaces to reflect upon its diversity. The publications are divided into three groups. The first outlines and explores the features of this foundational dialectic, with particular emphases on feminist theology and on the Bible. The second discusses and disseminates my pioneering work in developing the Professional Doctorate in Practical Theology, through a pedagogy in which this dialectic is illuminated. The work on the Professional Doctorate programme, which began in 2003 with the first student intake in 2006, constitutes the professional and practical context in which the majority of the publications submitted have been written. The third group of publications identifies the contribution which my research on John Ruskin’s interpretation of the Bible makes to our understanding of Ruskin and to the discipline of practical theology. The work on Ruskin includes the discovery and discussion of unpublished lectionary annotations and diary material, and analysis of these, both in order to demonstrate the ongoing significance of the Bible to Ruskin, and to understand and categorise Ruskin's biblical interpretation. Ruskin offers an analogue to the contemporary dialectic between experience and text/tradition/Bible. Through this exploration an innovative argument is made for the use of an historical figure in the work of practical theology. Conceptualising the pedagogical philosophy and practice of the Professional Doctorate is inextricably entwined with the research on Ruskin, and together they have given shape and form to the finding of a critical space.
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Campbell, Lee Winston. "Recognizing classical ballet steps using plase space constraints." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61085.
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Schwartz, Nanci. "'A MAN'S WORLD'?: A STUDY OF FEMALE WORKERS AT NASA'S KENNEDY SPACE C." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2358.
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By focusing on women workers at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida, this study seeks to understand why women were initially congregated in certain occupations such as clerical work and later moved into non-traditional jobs such as engineering and the sciences. Such an investigation requires careful examination of the changing attitudes towards female workers in technical or non-traditional fields and why and how those attitudes changed over time and the extent to which this occurred. It also attempts to identify areas of continuing concern. The study reveals that several factors contributed to the women's progress in the workplace. These included the rise of the second wave of feminism, the federal government's support for the new feminism, favorable U.S. Supreme Court decisions and the willingness of officials at NASA's Kennedy Space Center to implement federal decrees. In addition, the women's movement expanded its efforts to encourage women to gain the skills and education that were necessary to move women into scientific and technical fields, although recently that effort has reached a plateau. The research for this study includes employee data from NASA and KSC, oral histories with female KSC workers, articles from KSC's official employee newsletter, Spaceport News, websites, and other secondary sources about women in technical fields, women in the workplace, and the recruitment of women into the labor force. Data from NASA and Spaceport News articles was also compared with information obtained through oral histories, to determine if the official policies of KSC influenced the behavior of its employees. Attention is also given to the legislation and court cases that opened doors for women seeking new avenues of advancement and the extent to which these outside factors influenced changes in women's employment and opportunities at KSC. This study shows that the status of women at KSC changed along with the larger women's movement in America. Supreme Court cases and Equal Employment Opportunity laws helped women gain headway in fields traditionally occupied by men. Women received token representation at first, but later moved up in their fields and even became senior managers. This change took place over a long period of time and is still ongoing. At the same time, there is still strong evidence of backlash and some weakening on the part of federal government in terms of its willingness to support women's drive for equality.<br>M.A.<br>Department of History<br>Arts and Sciences<br>History
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Boorman, Francis Calvert. "The political space of Chancery Lane, c.1760-1815." Thesis, School of Advanced Study, University of London, 2013. http://sas-space.sas.ac.uk/5797/.
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This is a study of Chancery Lane from the accession of George III in 1760 until the end of the Napoleonic wars in 1815, a time of explosive growth in London and rapid change to the society, economy and politics of Britain. The aim of this thesis is to explain the relationship between space and political activity in part of London, connecting local and national issues and adding to our understanding of the political geography of the capital. The locality around Chancery Lane is an important focus for study because it is an area of transition between the oft-studied centres of Westminster and the City, spanning the border between the two and falling into an exceptional number of different parochial jurisdictions. It is an area that has received little attention from historians, although it reveals much about the political dynamics of the metropolis. Chancery Lane was an interstice within the city, a position which profoundly influenced community politics and daily life. Using a broad range of source material, including newspapers, parochial records, histories, maps and guides of London, satires, poetry, prints and the records of Lincoln's Inn, this thesis examines political culture, built environment, policing, crime, prostitution, social policy and political associations in the area around Chancery Lane. Chancery Lane was at the heart of 'legal London' and lawyers played an important role in local politics. This thesis furthers our relatively poor understanding of the social and political history of lawyers, and in particular the ways in which their developing professional status shaped their interaction with the local community. Chancery Lane was liminal in the standard bipolar conceptualisation of London and it is discussed how local people responded to the challenges that presented, in terms of their preoccupation with respectability, independence and urban improvement.
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Mueller, Caitlin T. "High-dimensional design space visualization for conceptual structural design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90083.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Computation for Design and Optimization Program, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 63-66).<br>This thesis focuses on visualizing high-dimensional design spaces for early-stage design problems in structural engineering and related disciplines. The design space, which is defined as the n + 1-dimensional surface that relates n design variables to a performance metric, contains all possible solutions to a formulated design problem. Graphical views of the design space are highly useful for designers because they organize a wide range of design possibilities in a compact, intuitive, and logical manner, illuminating global patterns, variable behaviors and relationships, and the nature of paths taken during iterative design processes. Design problems with two or fewer variables can easily be visualized in Euclidian space, through a curve or surface, but high-dimensional problems are difficult to display graphically. This is the key challenge addressed in this thesis. The thesis includes a critical review of existing methods for high-dimensional design space visualization, highlighting the unmet needs across a range of approaches. In response to these needs, the thesis makes a key contribution in the form of a new design space visualization method, called isoperforming parallel coordinate clusters (IPC clusters), that overcomes the issues of previous techniques. The IPC cluster approach is demonstrated on several conceptual structural design problems, and its application in optimization, directed exploration, and related design strategies is illustrated. Finally, the thesis concludes with a discussion of applications, impact, and future research directions. Key words: design space visualization, conceptual design, structural design, structural optimization<br>by Caitlin T. Mueller.<br>S.M.
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Messeri, Lisa Rebecca. "Placing outer space : an earthly ethnography of other worlds." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/69451.
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Thesis (Ph. D. in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS))--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Program in Science, Technology and Society, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 269-283).<br>This dissertation concerns the role of place in scientific practice. Ideas of place, I argue, shape and are shaped by science. I specifically look at the community of planetary scientists who, though they cannot step foot on the objects they study, transform planets into places. This is an ethnographic work that draws on 18 months of fieldwork during which time I encountered several different communities of planetary scientists. At MIT, I worked alongside astronomers looking for planets around other stars. These "exoplanet" astronomers transformed numerical counts of photons into complex worlds with atmospheres and weather. Data visualizations characterized the work of a community learning to see unseen planets in specific, place-based ways. I also traveled with an astronomer to a Chilean observatory where she studied the night sky hoping to find a "habitable planet." Many other astronomers share this goal and have designed various ways to detect a planet like Earth. The importance of these projects signifies that exoplanet astronomers are more interested in finding planetary kin - planets that are familiar places - than exotic aliens. To determine how the planetary places created by exoplanet astronomers differ from those in our own Solar System, I spent time at the NASA Ames Research Center with a group of computer scientists who create high resolution and three-dimensional maps of Mars. These maps reflect the kind of place Mars is today: it is available to everyone to explore, it is displayed such that you can imagine standing on the surface, and it is presented as geologically dynamic in ways similar to Earth. Even though these maps help give Mars a sense of place, Martian science is still stymied by the inability to send humans to its surface. Instead, planetary scientists travel to terrestrial sites deemed to be "Mars-like" to approximate performing geologic fieldwork on Mars. I went to one of these locations to see how, during these outings, Mars and Earth become entwined as scientists forge connections between two planetary places. These diverse scientific activities, I conclude, are transforming our view of the cosmos. Outer space is becoming outer place.<br>by Lisa Rebecca Messeri.<br>Ph.D.in History, Anthropology, and Science, Technology and Society (HASTS
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Wong, Chi-hung, and 黃自鴻. "Space in Taiwan urban novels." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B35808068.
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Reele, Maximilien H. (Maximilien Harry). "Development of a domestic space launch ecosystem for optimal support of US national interests." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122888.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2018<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 120-125).<br>This thesis researches the current capabilities of the US Government's (USG) space launch portfolio and the processes in place to establish new-entrant launch providers for National Security Space payloads. It is hypothesized that there is an infeasibility of the current space launch enterprise to scale to satisfy increased demand. If true, the USG will be unable to meet projected launch requirements to satisfy nominal demand for NSS disaggregated constellations. Moreover, the USG will be unable to maintain space superiority in the aftermath of the eventual loss of NSS satellites due to adversary attacks and environmental events. A USG space launch enterprise system architecture analysis is conducted using a quantitative and qualitative approach that is designed to promote objectivity, resulting in a prioritized list of system requirements and primary stakeholders.<br>In turn, the results are used in generating goals and establishing an implementation strategy for any proposed changes to the system. In addition, the current state of the commercial space launch market is surveyed to gain an understanding for the existing and planned capabilities available in the commercial sector for potential transition into the USG space launch enterprise. Questions are posited on the relevance of funding and infrastructure investment for new-entrant space launch companies as well as on how current certification processes are impacting innovation in the industry. Investment and certification methods are further explored to determine if approaches can be generated that foster new-entrant participation, innovation, and competition through establishing fairness across the industry, setting performance targets, and removing barriers to entry for new market participants.<br>A System Dynamics model is built to represent the global space launch industry and serves as a testbed for the evaluation of current and future space launch performance. Data outputs from simulations validate the hypothesis that the current USG space launch enterprise is unable to scale capabilities to meet greater demand conditions. Simulations are also used to assess various combinations of proposed changes to the USG space launch enterprise in an effort to uncover areas for systematic improvements in key performance attributes. In order to 1) enable space superiority by offering greater resiliency and responsiveness through diversity of space launch capabilities, and 2) to stimulate industry competition, innovation, and learning by continuously refreshing the base of domestic launch providers, it is concluded and recommended that the USG adopt a series of investment, certification, and process proposals.<br>A call for future work to experiment with the recommended approaches is made in order to validate, improve upon, and refine implementation of a Domestic Space Launch Ecosystem.<br>by Maximilien H. Reele.<br>S.M. in Engineering and Management<br>S.M.inEngineeringandManagement Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program