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1
Atkin, Michael. "The 1984/85 miners strike in east Durham : a study in contemporary history." Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2015/.
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Kirby, Peter Thomas. "Aspects of the employment of children in the British coal-mining industry, 1800-1872." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1995. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296852.
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Montrie, Chad. "To save the land and people : a history of opposition to coal surface mining in Appalachia /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486398528557428.
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Samson, Daniel Joseph. "Industry and improvement, state and class formations in Nova Scotia's coal-mining countryside, 1790-1864." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq20585.pdf.
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Peck, Thomas Russell. "The demographic history of an English coal mining parish : Houghton-le-Spring, County Durham 1660-1820 /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487332636477659.
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Smith, D. J. "Army contracting, banking and coal mining : a business history of the Lowes of Denby 1750-1830." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332989.
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Hall, Valerie Gordon. "Aspects of the political and social history of Ashington, a Northumberland coal mining community, 1870-1914." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.530758.
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This thesis examines the political and social history of Ashington, a coal mining community in Northumberland, in the years 1870 to 1914. This community was the first in the county to move from the Liberal Party to the Labour Party in the early twentieth century and to reject the conciliatory policies of the late Victorian era in favour of a position of assertiveness and national solidarity in industrial relations. It was also central to persuading the accommodationist county union to adopt a similar stance. This study explores the process by which Ashington made such changes and took the lead in the county. It also analyses the actual outlook which emerged amongst the miners. In addition, this study also links the timing of the change in Ashington and the role which this community took in the county to significant developments which occurred at the local level in the early twentieth century: in the organisation of work; in the nature of community life; in the structure and character of the population and in the respective roles of the company and workers in the social realm. It is clear that these changes, along with broader developments in the nation as a whole, created a milieu which was favourable to the adoption of new policies. Though the study of only one community, this analysis illuminates the behaviour of other workers. It reveals the number of factors which can influence their outlook and it shows the complex interaction between events at the local and the national level. It also sheds light on the confusing picture of political change in the years before the First World War and upon an industrial group which played a very important part in workers' politics. In addition, it reveals the close links between change in the work sphere, in the social arena, both at the national and the local level, and in the outlook of workers.
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Gildart, Keith. "The social and political development of the North Wales miners 1945-1996." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286039.
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Wilson, Phillip J. "Surface Mining in Van Buren County, Iowa: History and Consequences." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1332357832.
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Kirshner, Eli Martin. "Race, Mines and Picket Lines: The 1925-1928 Western Pennsylvania Bituminous Coal Strike." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin158825965126023.
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Seow, Victor Kian Giap. "Carbon Technocracy: East Asian Energy Regimes and the Industrial Modern, 1900-1957." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11472.
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Carbon Technocracy argues for the centrality of fossil fuel energy to the making of global industrial modernity and to the emergence of East Asian technocratic imaginaries in the first half of the twentieth century. It advances the premise that coal and later oil enabled not only the transformation of human society’s material foundations, but also allowed for new kinds of publics and politics.East Asian Languages and Civilizations
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Ackers, Peter Brian Harry. "Christian brethren, union brother : a study of the relationship between religious nonconformity and trade union leadership, in the life of the coal mining deputies' official, W.T. Miller (1880-1963)." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/108113.
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Peters, Gregory Merrill Deschaine. "Forever wild journeys through the North Fork /." Diss., [Missoula, Mont.] : The University of Montana, 2009. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-12292009-115313.
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Haffert, Laura, and n/a. "Metalloid mobility at historic mine and industrial processing sites in the South Island of New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of Geology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090921.144328.
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Rocks of the South Island of New Zealand are locally enriched in metalloids, namely arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) and boron (B). Elevated levels of As and Sb can be found in sulphide minerals mostly in association with mesothermal gold deposits, whereas B enrichment occurs in marine influenced coal deposits. The mobility of these metalloids is important because they can be toxic at relatively low levels (e.g. for humans >0.01 mg/L of As). Their mobilisation occurs naturally from background weathering of the bedrock. However, mining and processing of coal and gold deposits, New Zealand's most economically important commodities, can significantly increase metalloid mobility. In particular, historic mines and associated industrial sites are known to generate elevated metalloid levels because of the lack of site remediation upon closure. This work defines and quantifies geological, mining, post-mining and regional processes with respect to metalloid, especially As, mobility.
At the studied historic gold mines, the Blackwater and Bullendale mines, Sb levels in mineralised rocks were generally negligible (<14 ppm) compared to As (up to 10,000 ppm). Thus, Sb concentrations in solids and in water were too low to yield any meaningful information on Sb mobility. In contrast, dissolved As concentrations downstream from mine sites were found to be very high (up to 59 mg/L) (background = 10⁻� mg/L). In addition, very high As concentrations were found in residues (up to 40 wt%) and site substrate (up to 30 wt%) at the Blackwater processing sites (background < 0.05 wt%). Here, roasting of the gold ore converted the orginal As mineral, arsenopyrite, into the mineral arsenolite (As[III] trioxide polymorph) and volatilised the sulphur. The resultant sulphur-defficient chemical system is driven by arsenolite dissolution and differs significantly from mine sites where arsenopyrite is the main As source.
Arsenolite is significantly more soluble than arsenopyrite. In the surficial environment, arsenolite dissolution is limited by kinetics only, which are slow enough to preserve exposed arsenolite over decades in a temperate, wet climate. This process results in surface waters with up to ca. 50 mg/L dissolved As. In reducing conditions, dissolved As concentrations are also controlled by the solubility of arsenolite producing As concentrations up to 330 mg/L.
Field based cathodic stripping voltammetry showed that the As[III]/As[V] redox couple, in particular the oxidation of As[III], has a major control on system pH and Eh. Site acidification is mainly caused by the oxidation of As[III], resulting in a close link between As[V] concentrations and pH. Similarly, a strong correlation between calculated (Nernstian) and measured (electrode) Eh was found in the surface environment, suggesting that the overall Eh of the system is, indeed, defined by the As[III]/As[V] redox couple.
Once the metalloid is mobilised from its original source, its mobility is controlled by at least one of the following attenuation processes: (a) precipitation of secondary metalloid minerals, (b) co-precipitation with - or adsorption to - iron oxyhydroxide (HFO), or (c) dilution with background waters. The precipitation of secondary minerals is most favoured in the case of As due to the relatively low solubility of iron arsenates, especially at low pH (~0.1 mg/L). Observations suggest that scorodite can be the precursor phase to more stable iron arsenates, such as kankite, zykaite, bukovskyite or pharmacosiderite and their stability is mainly controlled by pH, sulphur concentrations and moisture prevalence. Empirical evidence indicates that the sulphur-containing minerals zykaite and bukovskyite have a similar pH dependence to scorodite with solubilities slightly lower than scorodite and kankite. If dissolved As concentrations decline, iron arsenates potentially become unstable. Their dissolution maintains a pH between 2.5 and 3.5. This acidification process is pivotal with respect to As mobility, especially in the absence of other acidification processes, because iron arsenates are several orders of magnitude more soluble in circum-neutral pH regimes (~100 mg/L). From this, it becomes apparent that external pH modifications, for example as part of a remediation scheme, can significantly increase iron arsenate solubility and resultant As mobility. In contrast to As, the precipitation of secondary Sb and B minerals is limited by their high solubilities, which are several orders of magnitude higher than for iron arsenates. Thus, secondary Sb and B minerals are restricted to evaporative waters, from which they can easily re-mobilised during rain events.
Metalloid adsorption to HFO is mainly controlled or limited by the extent of HFO formation, which in turn is governed by the availability of Fe and prevailing Eh-pH conditions. Thus, mineralisation styles and associated geochemical gradients, in particular pyrite abundance, can control the amount of HFO and consequent metalloid attenuation, and these can vary even within the same goldfleld. Furthermore, it was found that there is a mineralogical gradation between ferrihydrite with varying amounts of adsorbed As, amorphous iron arsenates and crystalline iron arsenates, suggesting that the maturity of mine waste is an important factor in As mineralogy.
Once dissolved metalloids enter the hydrosphere, dilution is the main control on metalloid attenuation, which is especially pronounced at the inflow of tributaries. Dilution is, therefore, closely related to the size and frequency of these tributaries, which in turn are controlled by the regional topography and climate. Dilution is a considerably less effective attenuation mechanism and anomalous metalloid concentrations from mining related sites can persist for over 10 km downstream.
The complex and often inter-dependent controls on metalloid mobility mean that management decisions should carefully consider the specific site geochemistry to minimize economic, health and environmental risks that can not be afforded.
On a regional scale, background metalloid flux determines the downstream impact of an anomalous metalloid source upstream. For example, the Bullendale mine is located in a mountainous region, where rapidly eroding slopes expose fresh rock and limit the extent of soil cover and chemical weathering. Consequently, the background As flux is relatively low and As point sources, such as the Bullendale mine, present a significant contribution to the downstream As flux. In contrast, the bedrock at the Blackwater mine has undergone deep chemical weathering, resulting in an increased background mobilisation of As. Thus, the Prohibition mill site discharge, for example, contributes only about 10% to the downstream As flux. This information is relevant to site management decisions because the amount of natural background metalloid mobilisation determines whether site remediation will influence downstream metalloid chemistry on a regional scale.
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Godard, Michel. "Enjeux et impacts de l'exploitation minière du bassin houiller de Ronchamp (1810/1870)." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01010900.
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Le petit bassin minier de Ronchamp Champagney, situé dans les Vosges saônoises à environ soixante-dix kilomètres au Sud de Mulhouse, a été exploité de 1750 à 1958. Ce mémoire retrace l'histoire de l'exploitation charbonnière de 1812 à 1867, période de basculement technique au moment de la première révolution industrielle. Le mode d'extraction change de technologie et d'échelle pour stabiliser à la fois ses structures techniques et son espace d'exploitation. L'analyse prend le parti d'un double regard celui des enjeux de fond et des contraintes de surface, appréhendés principalement à partir des procès-verbaux des délibérations des conseils d'administration et des assemblées générales. Cette histoire reste liée à la vision entrepreneuriale de quelques notables locaux et à la persistance de relations familiales et personnelles. Ignorée par une métallurgie comtoise agonisante, paradoxalement la concession houillère contribue fortement au processus d'industrialisation alsacien, fournissant du charbon aux chaudières des machines à vapeur. L'histoire du bassin minier de Ronchamp, bien qu'enclavé dans son territoire, atteste néanmoins la réalité d'une modernité technique, et la quête permanente d'une rationalité productive.
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Meyer, Petrus C. "Feasibility of thin seam coal mining at Dorstfontein Coal Mine." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09072005-113231/.
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Meyer, Petrus Cornelius. "Feasibility of thin seam coal mining at Dorstfontein Coal Mine." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27806.
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Troch, Kevin. "Ne pas grever l'avenir au bénéfice du présent : Une histoire environnementale de l’extraction du charbon de la fin du 18e siècle à l’Entre-deux-guerres : un développement non soutenable. : L’exemple du Couchant de Mons et du Valenciennois." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H004.
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Ce travail de recherche étudie l’histoire des impacts environnementaux de l’extraction du charbon dans les bassins miniers du Couchant de Mons et du Valenciennois du 18e siècle jusqu’à l’Entre-deux-guerres ainsi que l’émergence de la logique extractiviste en Belgique et en France. Il met en lumière les fondements culturels et les bases scientifiques et législatives qui ont permis l’expansion de l’extraction du charbon dans ces deux pays, notamment au point de vue de la régulation des dégâts miniers. Ensuite les réactions des États, des entreprises minières et des habitants des bassins aux dégradations environnementales causées par l’extraction du charbon sont abordées. Les processus de négociation, les jeux de pouvoir et les mouvements d’opposition au charbon sont au cœur de cette interrogation. Le poids important des charbonnages dans la régulation des dégâts miniers, la volonté des gouvernements à permettre l’extraction du charbon et le développement d’une « guerre contre le charbon » par les habitants des bassins houillers sont analysés à partir de plusieurs situations exemplatives. Enfin, la thèse envisage l’influence des géologues et des ingénieurs des mines dans la création d’une « science des dégâts miniers » à travers trois controverses scientifiques : la séismicité induite, les théories des affaissements miniers et les inondations engendrées par l’extraction de la houilleThis is a study on the history of the environmental impacts of coal mining in the « Couchant de Mons » and the « Valenciennois » basins and the development of extractivism in Belgium and France from the 18th century to the Inter-war Period. It highlights the cultural foundations and the scientific and legal basis explaining the expansion of coal mining in these two countries, especially regarding the regulation of mining damages. Reactions of the States, mining companies and the inhabitants of the basins to the environmental damages caused by coal extraction are also analyzed. Processes of negotiation, power strategies and movements against coal mining are at the heart of this thesis. The heavy weight of collieries in the regulation system of mining damages, the willingness of governments to allow the extraction of coal and the development of a « War against coal » by the inhabitants are analyzed from several exemplary situations. Finally, this work considers the influence of geologists and mining engineers in the creation of a « science of mining damages » through three scientific controversies : induced seismicity, theories on mining subsidence and flooding engendered by coal mining
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Beresford, Richard. "Coal, coal mining and the enterprise culture : a study of Doncaster." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/80000/.
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This study adopts an historical approach to explore the impact of coalmining on the town of Doncaster. It finds that although Doncaster was not a typical mining town nevertheless coal's impact was widespread, and extended beyond direct employment to impact on socio-political factors including the town's external image. Whilst the study explores the impact over the entire one hundred years of mining around Doncaster, the rationale and focus of the study is an assessment of the legacy of the local mining industry, and the extent to which it has inhibited the town's economic competitiveness in what is today called an enterprise economy. In this regard the study contributes to a wider understanding of the nature of change in old industrial regions as well as considering the efficacy of current regional enterprise policy. In particular the study has explored the extent to which path contingency captures the transition from growth to decline in former industrial regions, more adequately than does that of path dependency (Hudson, 2005). The key distinction drawn between the two concepts is human agency which is identified as operating at a range of decision-making levels. Analysis comes through two related case studies which show that the coal industry provided the basis for diversification in to new products and markets offering the possibility to extend the industry's lifecycle and that of towns such as Doncaster which had come to depend on it. It is shown the fact that these opportunities were not taken was due to institutional failure associated with cognitive lock-in. This rather than any specifically industry or place-based factor explains the nature of Doncaster's decline.
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Payne, A. R. "Longwall coal pillar deformation behaviour." Thesis, Bucks New University, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356674.
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Veldman, Kirmar Adriaan. "A focussed approach towards safety in support of coal mining operations in the South African coal mining industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/978.
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Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African Mining industry has had a poor safety performance over the past couple of years, which led to a lot of questions being asked about how effective mining operations are managed. Numerous concerns and opinions have been raised on the reasons why no improvement is seen in organisations’ safety trends. The general concern in the mining industry is that safety and operations are managed as separate entities and not as an integrated unit. Besides the perception of operational issues that are managed more diligently than safety issues, the associated competency levels of line personnel are also questioned. Safety management systems in mining organisations are also under the spotlight in respect of quality, effective application and a positive contribution in preventing accidents and incidents. A more intensified focus on safety is required by the respective mining houses. The main contributing factors that lead to accidents and incidents need to be determined. The possible reasons for the unsatisfactory safety results can be divided into controllable and uncontrollable elements when seen from a safety perspective. The controllable elements are all possible reasons for why a safety management system is not working. There might also be different contributors to poor safety performance but these are definitely underlying to the main reasons identified. The influence of human behaviour on accidents as well as the considered organisation safety system is essential in safety management. Human behaviour is a function of the characteristics of both the person and the environment. Individuals bring elements to the organisational setting, including abilities, personal beliefs, expectations and past experiences. The environment provided by an organisation has a number of features: jobs, relationships between people, work that needs to be done, rewards available to individuals, and so on. Behaviour results from the interaction of individual and organisational characteristics. The behaviour of humans and the understanding thereof will be a science in its own right. To prevent incidents, one should know their causes. As Louis Pasteur put it, over 100 years ago: “All things are hidden obscure and debatable if the cause of the phenomena be unknown, but everything is clear if the cause be known.”
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse mynboubedryf presteer die afgelope aantal jaar swak wat betref veiligheidsbestuur en ʼn hele aantal vrae word gevra oor hoe effektief mynbouoperasies bestuur word. Verskeie besorgdhede en opinies is gelug oor die moontlike redes waarom daar geen verbetering in ondernemings se veiligheidsindekse ervaar word nie. Die algemene bekommernis in die mynboubedryf is dat veiligheid en operasionele verantwoordelikhede afsonderlik bestuur word en nie as ʼn geïntegreerde eenheid nie. Afgesien van die persepsie dat operasionele uitdagings meer doelgerig bestuur word as veiligheid, word die gepaardgaande bevoegdheidsvlakke van lynpersoneel ook bevraagteken. Veiligheidsbestuurstelsels in mynbouondernemings is ook onder verdenking wat betref gehalte, effektiewe toepassing en ’n positiewe bydrae ten opsigte van ondersteuning en voorkoming van insidente en ongelukke. ʼn Meer intense fokus op veiligheid word benodig by die onderskeie mynhuise. Die belangrikste bydraende faktore wat tot ongelukke en insidente lei, moet bepaal word. Die moontlike redes vir onbevredigende veiligheidsresultate kan verdeel word in beheerbare en onbeheerbare elemente wanneer gesien vanuit ʼn veiligheidsperspektief. Die beheerbare elemente is moontlike redes waarom ʼn veiligheidbestuurstelsel nie werk nie. Daar kan moontlik ook ander bydraende faktore wees tot ʼn swak veiligheidsprestasie maar dit is definitief onderliggend tot die hoofredes soos geïdentifiseer. Die invloed van menslike gedrag op ongelukke sowel as die inaggenome veiligheidstelsel van die organisasie is essensieel by veiligheidsbestuur. Menslike gedrag is ʼn funksie van die eienskappe van beide die persoon en die omgewing. Individue bring sekere elemente na die organisatoriese opset wat vermoëns, persoonlike oortuigings, verwagtings en ondervinding insluit. Die omgewing geskep deur organisasies behels ʼn aantal elemente: werksomskrywing, verhoudings tussen mense, werk wat gedoen moet word, vergoeding van individue, ens. Gedrag is die resultaat van die interaksie tussen individue en die kenmerke van die organisasie. Die gedrag van mense en begrip daarvan sal ʼn wetenskap in eie reg bly. Om insidente te verhoed, moet die oorsake bekend wees. Soos Louis Pasteur dit meer as 100 jaar gelede gestel het: “All things are hidden obscure and debatable if the cause of the phenomena be unknown, but everything is clear if the cause be known.”
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Noppé, Mark Adrian. "Geological controls for coal exploration and mining." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005566.
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The identification and interpretation of geological features is essential for the planning and ultimate success of any mining venture. Examples of geological features significant for mining are presented, and their identification during exploration discussed. In particular, the importance of coal qualities, seam thickness and seam elevation are emphasised in relation to longwall mining. Geostatistical analysis provides a powerful tool for improving the prediction and decision-making capabilities of both exploration and mine geologists. The availability of geostatistics, and the benefits resulting from its application, are demonstrated using actual data for calorific value, seam thickness and seam elevation. Contamination of run-of-mine coal is a common problem on highly-mechanised collieries. The problem generally arises from over-cutting of the designated mining horizon. A practical system for monitoring and controlling contamination on a mechanised bord-and-pillar and longwall colliery is presented. The results and benefits of applying such a system are cited for an actual longwall colliery. Numerical geological predictions are not always reported in terms of the reliability of such estimates. Many of these values can be reported in terms of confidence limits, particularly for routine grade control purposes. The methods and benefits of such reporting are described and illustrated by way of examples for calorific value and contamination levels.
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Kehase, B. "Interaction of coal face control systems." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334977.
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MacNamara, Liam. "Development of short turn coal spirals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243434.
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Roy, Mimi. "A detailed sequential extraction study of selenium in coal and coal-associated strata from a coal mine in West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4431.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2005.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains x, 93 p. : ill. (some col.), map (part col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 75-78).
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Kragh, J. Edward. "Borehole seismic methods for opencast coal exploration." Thesis, Durham University, 1990. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6178/.
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Surface seismic techniques lack the resolution to image the top 100m or so of the earth's surface necessary for opencast coal exploration. The work reported in this thesis is the development of borehole seismic methods making use of the closely spaced boreholes that are routinely drilled by British Coal. The first method investigated was to use a tomographic technique to observe any reduction in seismic velocities above old workings, and hence infer the presence of old workings. In order to obtain clear images of the subsurface, it was necessary to interpret the field data for the presence of head waves, and to pick the later arrival direct waves for the tomographic inversions. However, independent data obtained from uphole surveys showed that there was no measurable reduction in the seismic velocity above old workings for strata below the water table, and the tomographic method was abandoned in favour of borehole seismic reflection methods. Fifteen hole-to-surface seismic reflection surveys were acquired using down- hole explosive charges as sources and a linear spread of surface geophones passing through the borehole position as receivers. A complete package of processing software was developed for processing the data, and eight of the surveys are presented in this thesis. The final migrated and stacked sections delineate a washout and faulting at both large and small scales. The vertical resolution of the data is high due to the wideband temporal frequencies in the data, typically up to 300Hz.The hole-to-surface method is compared to the crosshole seismic reflection method, which was developed in parallel by M. J. Findlay. The relative merits of the two techniques are discussed, and suggestions are made to improve the acquisition of the data to make both methods applicable to a wider variety of problems. Although the vertical resolution of the hole-to-surface method is lower than the crosshole method, this could be more than compensated for by extending the hole- to-surface method to three-dimensions, using areal arrays of surface geophones around the borehole.
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Ojo, O. "Aspects of slope stability in opencast coal mining." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377864.
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Forrest, W. "The development of new coal mines." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378766.
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Findlay, Michael John. "Cross-hole seismic reflection surveying in coal measures." Thesis, Durham University, 1991. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6163/.
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This thesis is concerned with the development of the cross-hole seismic reflection surveying method with particular application to the shallow Coal Measures strata found in opencast coal mining prospects in the U.K.A field acquisition technique developed for shallow boreholes utilising explosive sources and hydrophone receivers is described. Data have been acquired from several test sites in northern England. Data-processing techniques including wavefield separation and waveshaping deconvolution have been developed for cross-hole data and the theories behind these techniques are discussed. Methods of imaging cross-hole reflection data including the 'VSP-CDF transformation and Generalised Kirchhoff migration are applied to computer- generated synthetic data and to real data in order to yield a depth section of the seismic reflectivity between the boreholes. Finally, the data-processing and imaging techniques developed are applied to real data acquired at British Coal Opencast exploration sites in northern England between 1987 and 1990.
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Blanchfield, Richard. "Volume change characteristics of opencast coal mine backfill." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.480898.
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Foley, Lucy Margaret. "Numerical modelling of methane flow in coal seams." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8493.
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Harvey, Harvey Blevins Madison D. Soyini. "Mines-bodies a performance ethnography of Appalachian coal mining /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,187.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication Studies (Performance Studies)." Discipline: Communication Studies; Department/School: Communication Studies.
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Kapusniak, S. "Long-term stability of major coal mining tunnel projects." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373812.
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Grey, Catherine Vyvian. "Physiochemical Treatment Options for High-Conductivity Coal Mining Runoff." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/85011.
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In recent years, the excessive specific conductance (SC) of Appalachian coal mining runoff waters has become a parameter of concern with the EPA due to its negative effect on aquatic life and water quality. In order to comply with the EPA guidance suggesting an effluent SC of 500 µS/cm, the Appalachian Research Initiative for Environmental Science (ARIES) Center at Virginia Tech requested that testing be done to determine the most effective technologies for reduction of SC. Runoff water was collected from two sites in southwestern Virginia and characterized to determine the source of SC in the water. The main contributing ions were determined to be Na⁺, Mg²⁻, Ca²⁺, and SO₄²⁻. Testing was performed to assess the possibility of using the speciation software, MINEQL+, with a set of empirical equations which predict SC using ionic composition for natural waters with a low to medium SC.
The physicochemical treatment methods tested were ion exchange, excess lime-soda softening, and the Cost Effective Sulfate Removal (CESR) process. Both cation (H⁺ exchanger) and anion (Cl⁻ exchanger) exchange media were tested separately in batch reactors, which resulted in a higher effluent SC than initial SC. The softening method investigated, excess lime-soda softening, also resulted in increased SC levels because non-carbonate hardness levels were high and carbonate concentrations were low. The CESR process successfully lowered SC from 1,500-2,500 µS/cm to below the proposed EPA limit of 500 µS/cm. The success of this process was due to its ability to remove more than 85% of the calcium, magnesium, and sulfate from the water, which together accounted for more than 90% of ions in the source water.Master of Science
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Li, Qi. "International technology transfer in the Chinese coal mining industry." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2363.
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This study investigated international technology transfer (ITT) of the coal mining industry in the Chinese context, and it focused primarily on how to achieve successful ITT by identifying affecting factors. The coal mining industry, as a dominant industry in China, hopes to achieve technological innovation and leapfrogging by ITT, because innovation distinguishes a leader from a follower and followers will have to continue purchasing technology from leaders. ITT is a complex process and many factors affect its success, so understanding of the affecting factors facilitates the industry to sufficiently learn and absorb foreign technology to achieve innovation. A number of researchers have studied the ways in which ITT can be achieved successfully in contexts other than the Chinese coal mining industry. However, in the Chinese context, it is still relatively unclear what factors affect the effectiveness of ITT. Owing to the scant literature on ITT in the industry, a pilot case studies was firstly designed and conducted with involvement of the following three types of coal mines: large state-owned, local state-owned and small coal mines. Then a main case studies was designed through observing these types of coal mines and conducting eighteen in-depth semi-structured interviews with general managers, general engineers and directors from the respective three coal mines. The aim of the design is to develop a substantial theoretical framework for generating hypotheses by combining extant literature with the findings of the pilot case studies. In addition, a self-completion questionnaire was designed based on findings from the case studies and then administered through a web-based survey in order to test hypotheses and identify the affecting factors. 629 questionnaires were collected from large stated-owned coal mines and they were analysed by multiple linear regression. Design of the survey enables the researcher to generalize the qualitative findings beyond the specific case. Data from the case studies and survey were used to triangulate perspectives and 5 findings. The main finding of the research revealed that the Chinese government made relevant safeguard regulations and punished IPR violation, which facilitated ITT. However, the government drew up encouragement policies and innovation strategies blindly based on its own visions or goals rather than the practical situation of coal mines; a number of managers of the coal mines interfered excessively with learning activities even without relevant background knowledge; and these interventions resulted in poor ITT performance. Furthermore, the large state-owned coal mine as transferee owned relevant background knowledge and provided relevant training to staff as well as building a good learning environment and establishing efficient team learning, which improved the effectiveness of its ITT. The theoretical contribution of this study lies in filling gap in the ITT literature in China and tested the generalizability of the existing theories. The findings suggested that a number of extant theories are not applicable to the Chinese context. In order to make extant theories better ‘fit’ into the Chinese context, this study suggests modifying extant theories based on government, technology management and team learning, which are three controllable and vital dimensions affecting the effectiveness of ITT in the Chinese coal mining industry.
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Tuck, M. A. "Computer simulation of climate on a longwall coal face." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373791.
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Pariti, Uma Mahesh 1969. "Coal sorption behavior using gas mixture." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291953.
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This thesis discusses an experimental study involving sorption studies using methane, carbon dioxide, and a multicomponent gas mixture representative of in situ gas composition. Using the isotherms for pure methane and carbon dioxide, isotherm and variation in gas composition with desorption for gas mixture were established using a numerical technique. When using gas mixture, composition of the desorbing gas at each pressure level was monitored. Results indicate that during desorption, methane concentration decreased as the pressure was decreased while carbon dioxide concentration increased. Experimental results for sorption and variation in gas composition of the gas mixture compare very well with the theoretically obtained results. It is, therefore, possible to establish the sorption isotherm, Langmuir constants for gas mixtures and estimate the variation in gas composition with desorption theoretically, if the sorption isotherms for individual component gases are available and the in situ gas composition is known.
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Grundy-Warr, Carl. "Engineering linkages with the coal chain." Thesis, Durham University, 1989. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6494/.
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"Industrial restructuring without parallel in recent British industrial history" is how the current Chairman of British Coal, Sir Robert Haslam, has described events in that industry. Since 1960 upwards of three quarters of a million jobs have gone in the deep coal mining industry alone. Numerous studies have analysed the underlying mechanisms behind the rapid decline of the nationalised coal industry, but hitherto little attention has been paid to the national linkage effects of that decline. This thesis is an attempt to analyse the consequences of industrial restructuring in coal mining on its UK engineering suppliers. In so doing, the thesis develops into much more than an empirical case study of industrial linkage and becomes a critical analysis of state capital-private capital relations. In particular, it focusses on the shifting boundaries of state ownership in the energy sector of the 'eighties. It considers what are the main processes involved and some of the consequences for those people and places most dependent on mining related jobs for their livelihoods.
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Corbett, Gary Robert. "The development of a coal mine portable microseismic monitoring system for the study of rock gas outbursts in the Sydney coal field, Nova Scotia /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27212.
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Rock gas outbursts are a coal mine dynamic phenomena similar to rock bursts, however, they involve the active participation of large quantities of asphyxious and explosive gases under pressure. These events have occurred in the Sydney coal field, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, where they have resulted in injury and economic hardship.Because these phenomena are life threatening and not well understood and because geophysical methods have been identified as a means of studying these phenomena, an intrinsically safe microseismic monitoring system and method suitable for underground coal mines has been developed to gather information about these events.
This thesis documents research encompassing the design and development of the intrinsically safe coal mine portable microseismic system (CPMS), and its application to outburst research in coal mine development headings advanced in virgin ground, where the phenomena have occurred.
The CPMS has provided an increased understanding of the rock gas outburst phenomena in the Sydney coal field by recording various mining activity related seismicity and by partially recording the first rock gas outburst in an advance development headings driven by machine.
Monitoring is continuing in a development heading driven by the drill and blast method in an attempt to capture rock gas outburst precursory information and more rock gas outbursts events which are required to more clearly define the mechanisms involved.
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Brendliner, Robert Lee. "Toxicity analysis of coal mining industry NPDES discharges in Southwest Virginia /." This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01122010-020036/.
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Griffin, Kenneth R. "Design Criteria for Wireless Mesh Communications in Underground Coal Mines." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76759.
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The Mine Improvement and New Emergency Response (MINER) Act of 2006 was enacted in response to several coal mining accidents that occurred in the beginning of 2006. The MINER Act does not just require underground mines to integrate wireless communication and tracking systems, but aims to overall enhance health and safety in mining at both surface and underground operations. In 2006, the underground communication technologies available to the mining industry had inherent problems that limited communication capabilities. Since the passage of the MINER Act, there have been several developing applications for underground wireless communications. Underground wireless communications allow signals to propagate and take multiple paths to destinations providing a survivable, redundant, and adaptable means of communication and tracking. An underground wireless communications allow underground and surface personnel to directly correspond to one another without being as restricted as hardwired systems. Communication systems also allow miners to be tracked underground to provide a real-time or last known post-accident position, and ensure a more efficient rescue operation.
In order to increase the overall efficiency of developing communication systems there is a need for modeling of wireless signal propagation in underground mines. Research, modeling, and analysis of wireless signal propagation in underground mines ongoing and developing with underground communications systems as the systems progress. The work on this project is based upon the Accolade system from L-3 Communications Global Security and Engineering Solutions but applies to all underground wireless mesh systems currently available. A general approach is taken to solving underground wireless communications networks to allow the design criteria to be adaptable to other communication systems belong the Accolade system.
The data is based upon measurements and field work that took place July 2007 through December 2008 in International Coal Group's Sentinel Mine in Philippi, West Virginia. Comms, a computer method developed at the Virginia Center for Coal and Energy Research at Virginia Tech, allows underground mine communication networks to be solved and analyzed. Comms was developed to solve and analyze underground wireless communication networks. The method which Comms solves communication networks is not mine specific and may be adapted to predict the performance of a system(s) in another mine.
The developed model discussed in Chapters 3 and 4 highlights the general signal loss parameters that are encountered by wireless signals in a mine. The model predicted the signal strength observed when encountering those categorized signal losses within 16 percent of the data measured during a mine survey. The model has been developed in a general manner to allow future investigation and pinpointing of additional interferences that occur within the underground environment.
Wireless communications have proven to be the way of the future and will continue to be integrated into underground coal mines as mandated by the MINER Act. Wireless communications systems are a redundant and survivable means of communication that will be utilized in not only emergency and rescue efforts but daily operational communication as well.Master of Science
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Jozefowicz, R. R. "The post-failure stress-permeability behaviour of coal measure rocks." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339717.
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Jones, Neil S. "Sedimentology of Westphalian coal-bearing strata and applications to opencast coal mining, West Cumbrian coalfield, U.K." Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332597.
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Md, Azmi Ahmad Zharif. "CFD ANALYSIS OF AIRFLOW PATTERNS IN HIGH MINING AREAS OF ROOM-AND-PILLAR COAL MINING." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1574.
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This thesis studies airflow patterns in the face area of a typical room-and-pillar mining area, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling. This research is designed to develop a scientific understanding of airflow distribution in room-and-pillar mining areas that is fundamental to developing engineering controls. The overall goal of the study is to develop improved engineering controls to minimize dust exposure of mine workers in the face area. Dust exposure can be a health hazard in underground coal mining industry based on historical data of coal workers' pneumoconiosis among underground mine workers. Current regulatory dust exposure standards of 1.5 mg/m3, averaged over an 8-hour period, have been recently revised with approval of new MSHA standards in April of 2014. Mining companies are currently seeking new technologies in order to comply with the new dust standards. Since mining geometries are complex and do not lend themselves to closed-form analytical solutions, CFD numerical modeling approach was used to develop an understanding of airflow distribution in the face areas. Since previous studies had focused on some cuts in mining heights of less than 2.4 m (8-ft), this study was performed for high mining areas of 4.2 m (14-ft). Such mining heights are very common in longwall mine development areas, particularly in the State of Illinois. The primary goal was to identify major differences in airflow between the two mining heights and how they affect development of engineering controls for minimizing dust exposure. Simulations were done using ANSYS software such as DesignModeler for modeling and meshing and FLUENT for calculations. Recirculation (RC) and low air velocity (LAV) zones were located for straight deep cut, straight deepest cut, cross-cut right, cross-cut right mine through, left turn cross-cut, and left turn cross-cut mine through for low mining height (LMH) and high mining height (HMH) with varying air quantity at the end of the line curtain (ELC). Air at the ELC was adjusted to achieve a ratio of 0.85, 1.00 and 1.15 over the wet scrubber fan (WSF) discharge capacity. Results show that the air velocity in HMH case is much lower than for the LMH. In addition, the location of RC and LAV zones differ based on mining height and air quantity at the ELC. Furthermore, lower air quantity at the ELC causes the air exhausted by the WSF to recirculate back to the face area in order to satisfy the WSF requirement. Recommendations to deal with these differences are formulated.
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Chelin, Monique Josette. "Water in the coal mining industry : an assessment of water management issues facing the coal mining industry of the Witbank and Middelburg Dam catchments." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05292006-103231/.
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Dow, Robert. "Technology transfer for mining projects in developing countries." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328732.
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DuBois, Cale. "Comprehensive design methodology for coal mining under competent sandstone roof." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/6011.
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This thesis presents a logical design methodology for coal mine extraction optimization under massive sandstone roof as developed though a case study analysis of the Quinsam Coal 4 South mine, a shallow underground room and pillar mine with a massive sandstone roof. This research is intended to guide Quinsam Coal and other coal mines globally in efforts to develop or optimize coal extraction and address the geomechanical challenges presented by massive sandstone roof. In this thesis, the tools required to facilitate effective site characterization, ground support design, excavation stability, pillar design, environmental risk management and mining method optimization are presented, as part of a comprehensive design methodology.
Guidelines for pillar design are presented based on software assisted gravity-wedge analysis, and review of empirical and analytical design methods. Tools for addressing temporal change in pillar size, shape and stress as well as pillar jointing effects are provided. Pillars are designed to accommodate stresses and strains arising from the known range of overburden depths.
An optimized non-caving checkerboard partial pillar extraction method is presented to mitigate environmental risk, address the poor and unpredictable caving mechanics of the massive sandstone roof and provide adequate coal extraction. Modeling of in-line pillar mining and checkerboard partial pillar mining methods was completed with ExamineTAB, a pseudo-3D displacement discontinuity program in support of checkerboard partial pillar mining. Instructional training is required with any modification in mining methods or conditions to apprise the underground workforce on the technical details of the mine design and the importance of adhering to the standards thereof.
Using this research work and analysis of the 4 South mine as a backdrop, the design of coal mines under massive sandstone roof is facilitated. The application of the design methodology to the 4 South mine illustrated serves as a 'terms of reference' document for other professionals addressing similar geotechnical and environmental challenges to design safe coal pillar extraction under a massive sandstone roof.
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Clark, Murray C. "Interpersonal trust in the coal-mining industry : a facet analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632642.
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The importance of trust as a basic variable in interpersonal and group behaviour has been the subject of much thought and research. It seems apparent from the many references to trust in the organizational behaviour literature that trust acts as a fundamental building block upon which basic human interaction is based. Despite all these references, however, there has been relatively little research into what is meant by trust as an organizational variable and more importantly, perhaps, how it is developed. This thesis is a theoretical and empirical exploration of the nature of trust at work, and in particular, presents an investigation of the characteristics of trust in the context of worker-manager relationships at UK coal mines. There is a great deal of conceptual diversity concerning the nature and meaning of trust and in order to conduct useful research, it was deemed necessary to firstly unravel some of the confusion surrounding interpersonal trust by examining it as a concept rather than investigating its links to other variables. A definitional framework for the construct of trust was, therefore, developed: a framework that permitted the formulation of an operational definition of trust at work, one that could then be related to empirical observation. The 'formulation of the framework was facilitated by the use of the research methodology termed "Facet Theory" which is based upon the theory of facets developed principally by Louis Guttman. The facet approach may be seen as providing an approach to defining behavioural constructs and to testing hypotheses concerning the correspondence between behavioural definitions and empirical observations on variables that are representative of the construct. The facet approach encouraged clearer thinking in the construction of a pertinent definitional framework and enabled significant characteristics and possible sources of trust to be identified. Five distinct components with respect to an individual's attitude to trust significant others in the work environment were identified. These related to workmen's and manager's perception of the other's competence, integrity, fairness of behaviour, loyalty and openness. Instruments to measure aspects of these trust components were developed and were shown as having good reliability and validity with respect to theoretically and conceptually related measures. It was then shown that these could be used to identify differences between trust profiles of individuals and groups, and provided useful insights into what influences the development of trust. The contribution of this thesis to the study of trust is argued as resting principally on the development of a strong definitional framework from which to conduct further meaningful research.
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Moore, Sara. "An Investigation of How Surface Coal Mining Affects Water Quality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/5.
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Surface coal mining has become the ideal method for extracting coal from the Appalachia Mountains. However, surface coal mining generates large amounts of waste which may decrease the water quality in central Appalachia. This research is an attempt to determine whether surface coal mining negatively impacts water quality. This research consists of a literature review in addition to an analysis of data obtained through the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality. This data was analyzed at three separate locations along the Clinch River, VA to determine trends and cycles in pH, temperature, total hardness, and chloride, sulfate and metal concentrations. After analysis of data, it was concluded surface mining did not negatively impact water quality at these three locations. In addition, more research must be done to make a more accurate, concise conclusion between water quality and surface mining.
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Holman, Darren Wayne. "Development of an Underground Automated Thin-Seam Coal Mining Method." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32935.
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It is predicted that coal mining in Southwest Virginia, and the economic stability that it brings to the area, will continue to decline over the next decade unless an environmentally sound, and economically viable means can be found to extract seams of high quality coal in the thickness range of 14 to 28 inches. Research into autonomous machine guidance, coupled with developments of thin-seam mining equipment, offer new opportunities for devising mining layouts suitable for extracting these thin seams in a cost effective manner. These layouts must involve well-planned transportation and ventilation routes that will allow safe conditions for personnel. This implies that the mining face, where coal is extracted, will be completely automated, ensuring the safety of the workers.
This thesis presents a brief overview of current technologies utilized for underground coal mining in the United States. This is followed by a review of developments in highwall mining that are potentially applicable in underground mining of thin seams. Some past attempts at thin seam mining are discussed, and evaluated for their short comings. An overview of the more recent advances in the guidance systems for use in autonomous mining machines is also presented. The new advances that several manufacturers are developing to address the integration of mining and continuous haulage systems are also investigated. That background is employed in devising a conceptual mining system for the underground mining of coal seams in the 14 to 28 inch range of thickness. This thesis proves that adapting new technologies and concepts from existing ones can lead to meaningful advances in the field of natural resources recovery. This system utilizes a newly designed panel layout that takes into account haulage, supplying, ventilation, equipment, and machine guidance. This system is proposed to show that new ways can be developed to take advantage of the reserves in the 14 to 28 inch range of thickness. This shows that new technology and design innovation can turn currently uneconomic resources, into economic reserves. This kind of innovation is what is needed to keep this region of Southwest Virginia economically viable.
This system is a huge step in the direction that thin-seam research needs to take. Most of the equipment suggested for this proposed system is already available.Master of Science