Academic literature on the topic 'History of the settlement'

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Journal articles on the topic "History of the settlement"

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Ripley, Charles F. "Preloading thick compressible subsoils: a case history." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 32, no. 3 (1995): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t95-049.

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A case history of preloading and surcharging a more than 300 ft (1 ft = 0.3048 m) thick compressible subsoil is presented, with data on the settlement analysis, the fill design, other measures used for control of settlements, and the 24 year postconstruction performance. The essential factors for successful application of preloading to thick compressible subsoils are discussed. Key words : preloading, settlement analysis, construction control, settlement behaviour.
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Lewis, Hana. "Elitism and Status: Reassessing Settlement Hierarchy in Early Medieval England." Studia Historica. Historia Medieval 38, no. 2 (2020): 9–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14201/shhme2020382942.

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The complexities of identifying and understanding settlement hierarchy in early medieval England (c. 5th–11th centuries) is the focus of much debate. Within this field of enquiry, settlement arrangements, architecture, landholding patterns and material culture are commonly used in the identification of a range of settlement types. These include royal complexes, monastic institutions, towns and trading/production sites such as emporia. This same evidence is also used to interpret the status and role of these sites in early medieval England. This paper advances the current understanding of settlement hierarchy through an assessment of rural settlements and their material culture. These settlements have received comparatively less scholarly attention than higher profile early medieval sites such as elite, ecclesiastical and urban centres, yet represent a rich source of information. Through analysis of material culture as evidence for the consumption, economic and social functions which characterise rural settlements, a picture of what were inherently complex communities is presented. The findings further support the need to reassess settlement hierarchy in early medieval England and a new hierarchical model is proposed.
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Duncan, J. M. "Thirteenth Bjerrum Memorial Lecture: A case history of mysterious settlements in a building." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 29, no. 1 (1992): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t92-001.

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This lecture describes the investigation of large and damaging settlements in the One Lombard Building in San Francisco Calif. The cause of the settlements was a mystery. Although it was known that settlement began during construction of a major new sewer near the building, it was not clear how the settlements could be related to the sewer construction activities. The paper explains the cause of the settlements and describes the technique used to remedy the problem. The legal and insurance aspects of the case, in some ways more mysterious than the technical aspects, are also described. Key words : settlement, foundations, clay, dewatering, pile driving, underpinning.
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Bose, Arpita. "The Chinese in Calcutta: A Study on Settlement and Demographical Patterns." Indian Historical Review 46, no. 1 (2019): 132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0376983619856540.

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The present article will shed light on the settlement and demographic pattern of the Chinese community living in Calcutta over more than 200 years. The Calcutta Chinese settlement was one of the oldest if it is compared with the other settlements of them in other parts of South Asia. It also intends to focus on their arrival and the reasons behind their migration. The present article will also indicate the routes of migration and the evolution of their settlement in and around Calcutta.
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Kong, Jing, Li Qiu, Ming Ma, et al. "Research on the Morphological Evolution of Sanye House Village Located in Farming-Pastoral Zone of Eastern Inner Mongolia." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.64.

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San ye House Village are located in Farming-pastoral zone of eastern Inner Mongolia after a hundred years of development history, from mainly nomadic settlements into agricultural and pastoral settlements. The evolution of the settlements' pattern experienced a total of three stages. With the combination of different periods of settlement pattern analysis, the characteristics of San ye House village settlement pattern development is studied and the reasons for its formation and evolution process are presented.
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Ankusheva, Polina S., Irina P. Alaeva, Sergey A. Sadykov, et al. "“STEPPE CORRIDORS” OF ALAKUL PASTORALISTS: ISOTOPE AND PALEOBOTANICAL STUDIES AT THE CHEBARKUL III SETTLEMENT." Ural Historical Journal 72, no. 3 (2021): 26–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30759/1728-9718-2021-3(72)-26-38.

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The paper is devoted to the determination of the preferred ecological niche of the Alakul population of the forest-steppe Trans-Urals and considers the problem of Andronovo colonization in the northern direction. Radiocarbon dating, paleobotanical and isotopic studies were carried out based on the Chebarkul III settlement materials. The Alakul period of the settlement dates back to the 18th–17th centuries BC. The species composition of plants from the settlement’s cultural layer is similar to the Bronze Age steppe settlements of the Southern Trans-Urals and mainly represented by plant seeds of the meadow and ruderal zones with a minimum amount of forest and the absence of domesticated plants. The δ13C, δ15N values in the livestock bones reflect the diet consisting of C3 photosynthesis type plants with a small proportion of C4 plants. The decreased values of δ13C and δ15N in comparison with the Late Bronze Age steppe sites in the Ural-Kazakhstan region may indicate a high moisture content of the settlement’s pastures. The data obtained indicate the preservation of the settled cattle-breeding model, which is typical for the steppe Alakul sites, with cattle grazing in the surrounding territories and the possible preparation of fodder for the winter. The development of northern territories by the Alakul populations took place in the landscape zones habitual for the steppe population: with the presence of open spaces, wide meadows for grazing animals, and preparing forage, as well as forests. For this reason, the so-called Chebarkul steppe corridor was also populated, capturing the shore of the lake of the same name, on which the settlement under study is located.
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Asube, L. C. S., J. M. Daquiado, and B. J. P. Lavapiz. "DETECTION AND SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF LAND-USE: A CASE OF BUTUAN CITY WITH HISTORY OF MAJOR INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-4/W6-2021 (November 18, 2021): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-4-w6-2021-41-2021.

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Abstract. This study detects the significant informal settlements in Butuan City proper. It determines the growth rate in 15 years with the given five-year interval. Machine learning algorithms and spatial analysis were applied to obtain the possible locations of informal settlement buildings. The projected locations of informal settlement buildings were validated thru aerial image validation using Remote Sensing and GIS-based techniques in ArcGIS software. Eight (8) barangays satisfy all the informal settlement building characteristics during the aerial validation process and ground-truthing, namely, Golden Ribbon, Holy Redeemer, Limaha, New Society, Ong Yiu, Port Puyohon, San Ignacio, and Tandang Sora. The eight (8) barangays were manually digitized from the given 5-years interval from 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2010. The value of the major informal settlement buildings area was computed to excel. The area growth rate was calculated using the growth rate formula. This study showed that the significant informal settlement in the study area increased. Among the eight (8) focused barangays, Tandang Sora ranked the highest informal settlements growth from 2005 to 2020. Its area increases up to 178.52%, a total of 24,608.43 square meters. Finally, the results revealed that the area of informal settlement buildings in Butuan City from 2005–2020, in 15-years, its value increases up to 9.74%, a total of 19,172.88 square meters.
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Gerasimov, Yu V., M. Yu Zdor, and M. A. Korusenko. "The settlement of Chertaly in the Tarsky Irtysh region: SOME results of the study." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Historical studies 9, no. 4 (36) (2022): 186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2312-1300.2022.9(4).186-199.

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The article presents some results of the archaeological study of the settlement of Chertaly I, located in the middle reaches of the Tara River, left by the historical ancestors of the Siberian Tatars. Some information about the history of the monument research is provided as well as characterization of its current state. The settlement has been excavated for several seasons, with the total area of the digs equated to 660 m2. As a result, the remains of two residential buildings, the utility zone and the adjacent space have been studied. On the basis of the data collected, some construction technologies are described, the issues of the planographic organization of settlements are touched upon, the special characteristics of the economy of the indigenous population are discussed. The data obtained convincingly connects the archaeological complex with the historical settlement of Chertaly, which existed until the middle of the XIX century. Additionally, the data allows us to conclude that the studied complexes represent the final stage of the settlement's existence
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Fedina, I. M. "FIRST SETTLEMENTS OF BLACK SEA COSSACKS." Scientific Notes of V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Historical science 7 (73), no. 4 (2022): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1741-2021-7-4-107-115.

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The article analyses the initial stage in the settlement of the Kuban at the end of the XVIII century. The study of the history of the first settlements of the Black Sea Cossacks allows one to recreate a historical picture of the settlement in the Black Sea region, to identify the features that are characteristic to the development of the first Cossack settlement structures in the south of Russia. The settlements’ modus vivendi was largely predetermined by the type of settlement and the moment of its creation in the regional historical space, although given some special conditions of the Kuban (South Russian) frontier, the importance of consolidation and sustainability of the Cossack settlements has grown quite largely. The process of peopling an extensive territory of the Black Sea originally did not meet with a noticeable success and broad scale, since for the first ten years after the resettlement there was not a single new settlement with a new Cossack community. Particular attention is paid to the Cossack commercial villages and kuren settlements, as primary residential units, as well as their arrangement and planning
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Lobo, Jose, Luis MA Bettencourt, Michael E. Smith, and Scott Ortman. "Settlement scaling theory: Bridging the study of ancient and contemporary urban systems." Urban Studies 57, no. 4 (2019): 731–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098019873796.

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A general explanatory framework for the social processes underpinning urbanisation should account for empirical regularities that are shared among contemporary urban systems and ancient settlement systems known throughout archaeology and history. The identification of such shared properties has been facilitated by research traditions in each field that define cities and settlements as areas that capture networks of social interaction embedded in space. Using Settlement Scaling Theory (SST) – a set of hypotheses and mathematical relationships that together generate predictions for how measurable quantitative attributes of settlements are related to their population size – we show that aggregate properties of ancient settlement systems and contemporary metropolitan systems scale up in similar ways across time, geography and culture. Settlement scaling theory thus provides a unified framework for understanding and predicting these regularities across time and space, and for identifying putative processes common to all human settlements.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "History of the settlement"

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Boswell, Anna. "‘Shakey Notions’ : settlement history on display." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/11044.

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This thesis offers a critical examination of strategies employed by museums and heritage sites in representing settler-colonial history. Its concerns are focused through the lens of the northernmost region in Aotearoa New Zealand, Te Tai Tokerau, an area selected for its strong significance in this history. While several chapters deal with museums and heritage sites located within the region— including Waitangi National Trust, Ruapekapeka pa, the Kauri Museum at Matakohe, Te Rerenga Wairua, and the Kerikeri basin—the thesis interprets this designation in a broader way, too. Acknowledging that the region‟s history is not confined within its own geographical boundaries, it also discusses displays which have been staged in Canberra and in Salem, Massachusetts, and which relate to Te Tai Tokerau through the movement of materials, figures and stories. The thesis draws on a range of sources and theoretical models in order to devise approaches to loosely-framed phases of settlement. In its course, it deals with international trade carried out on distinct-but-related early cross-cultural frontiers; considers the concerted transformation of new world environments in terms of historical re-enactment; examines modes of display at the so-called birthplace of the nation in relation to „privileged settings‟, „hard facts‟ and historic turning points; explores counter-conventional ways of making sense of frontier conflict; and reflects on how notions of progress may be applied to emergent possibilities for tribal museums. In each of these cases, the thesis is concerned to examine the impact of postcolonial critiques on museum story-telling, and to examine the role that resurgent indigenous populations have played in shaping or re-shaping certain kinds of representations. The thesis pays particular attention to strains evident in contemporary modes of display, interpreting these as markers of the extent to which representations of settlement continue to be unsettled by the „shakey notions‟ (Maning 1967, 44) upon which they are necessarily founded. While its interests are primarily analytical, the thesis does offer a number of „experimental‟ possibilities for alternative displays—possibilities which may well, because of their own „shakey‟ nature, prove impossible in the context of a settler society.<br>Whole document restricted until Feb. 2014, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.
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Martin, James. "Site and settlement : land and settlement structures in rural Northumberland." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/558.

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There is a growing awareness of concerns expressed by people who live in the countryside as arguments for and against new housing developments on farmland receive widespread and regular publicity. The debate follows several different perspectives from participant and nonparticipant parties with a focus of contention on erosion of traditional values. A persuasive argument in this debate is found in traditionalists' opposition to physical and social changes to existing hamlets, villages and small towns, on evidence of the effects of C20 housing accretions, and recognition of the threat to the nature of earlier settlements posed by urban standards of development. This raises fundamental questions about interpretations of rurality in the context of settlement growth, and raises a challenge for developers to retain much admired rural characteristics in a climate of new housing need. The study addressest hese issuesb y examining literature from a wide range of disciplines to develop a concept for meaningful analysis of settlements, in which site and social processes are manifest in building forms. It informs the debate by pinpointing formative elements in settlement development from investigation of linkages between building configurations and particular properties of location and place in a chronology of events and processes. Hamlets,v illagesa nd small towns are in many sensesb eautifulp laces,c ombiningv ariety and interaction of different qualities of forms and spaces in single buildings and groups of buildings. Part of this complexity is a combination of physical and socio-cultural elements which are reflectedi n particularu sesa nd arrangementosf buildings and spaces. The study proposest hat settlementsa re social constructsin which landscapeis a unique elementa nd central to the formation of their distinctive configurations. The study is composed of two parts of empirically based research of settlements in Northumberland. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies are used to explore the prevalence of relationships between building configurations and topographical and geological divisions, and to investigate the phenomena of social-cultural relationships with site. The analysis identifies key elements of landscape which are negotiated by groups of buildings to give distinctive qualities to configurations. The research helps understand site/settlement relationships, by acknowledging the processes and differences which occur over different locations and uses at different times. The research develops new methodologies in tracing site/settlement relationships, and promotes an analytic approach, as an instrument in development processes, to contextualise settlement formations by providing a rich insight into some of their essential characteristics. It concludes that site offers opportunities for and sets limits on development and provides a cohesion between physical and socio-cultural processes of development in a climate of continuous change.
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Poussa, Patricia Mary. "Relativisation and settlement history in north Norfolk." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.297513.

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Muraca, David. "Martin's Hundred: A Settlement Study." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625801.

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Arráiz, Irani. "Essays on sovereign debt default, settlement, and repayment history /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3752.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.<br>Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Marrinan, Rafael. "The Ptolemaic army : its organisation, development and settlement." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301234.

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Clausen, Amy. "Playing with history : settlement narratives in performance at three history museums of the Lower Mainland." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/48626.

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This is a qualitative study of the settlement narratives that are performed at three Lower Mainland historic sites and museums. Employing costumed interpreters to animate and interpret staged historic environments and texts, museum sites are understood as performance spaces. Using this lens, combined with postmodern sensibilities of narrative and ethics, and a critical eye toward racist and colonial worldviews, I observe and analyze narratives of settlement at Fort Langley National Historic Site, Irving House Museum, and Burnaby Village Museum. With careful attention to the material signifiers of theatre, and the uses of staging environments, I also analyze how narratives at each site open or close themselves to contestation. I advance an argument that certain theatrical devices may hold narratives temporally, spatially, aesthetically captive in performative museum spaces. In resisting these captivating devices, performers and audiences alike can confront and contemplate narratives that complicate the status quo, and ultimately come closer to the expression of radical intellectual equality.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational Studies (EDST), Department of<br>Graduate
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Reed, Janet. "Experiments in Social Salvation: The Settlement Movement in Chicago, 1890-1910." TopSCHOLAR®, 2000. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/697.

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In this study, the settlement movement in Chicago is presented as a crucible for the development of Progressive reform. The subjective and objective necessities for social settlements are described through the lives of men and women central to the movement. Reformers such as Jane Addams, Graham Taylor, and Mary McDowell fused their personal motives to their expanding assumptions regarding public welfare in their pursuit of social salvation. The settlement community advanced a methodology of experimentation and flexibility, which was instrumental to the transformation of nineteenth century ideas of charity into the new twentieth century science of social work. The processes of reform were greatly influenced by the evolving concepts of class, gender, and race. The feminine nature of settlement work and the opportunities afforded to generations of college-educated women were integral to the impact the settlement community had on Progressive reform in general and to the role settlement workers played in affecting public opinion. Primary sources include Jane Addams' correspondence, Twenty Years at Hull-House, and issues of the periodical The Commons. The historiography of the Progressive Era is also considered, and the effects of class, gender, and race upon its development throughout the twentieth century.
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Mulder, Ymke Lisette Anna. "Aspects of vegetation and settlement history in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10367/.

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Although the Outer Hebrides today are virtually treeless, many parts of the islands appear to have sustained woodland during the early Holocene. The reasons for the decline in trees and shrubs, which took place between the Mesolithic and Iron Age periods, may include natural factors (e.g. climate or soil change) and/or human impact. In order to gain an insight into the relationship between people and vegetation change, profiles from five sites were analysed for pollen, spores and microscopic charcoal content: Loch a' Chabhain and Loch Airigh na h-Achlais (South Uist), Fobost (a valley mire in South Uist); Loch Olabhat (North Uist), and the Neolithic archaeological site of Eilean Domhnuill (located in Loch Olabhat). Other than at the archaeological site, arboreal pollen values were high (>75%) at the beginning of the Holocene. There is no evidence for a clear Mesolithic presence at any of the sites. Inferred woodland decline started c. 7900 BP (8690 cal BP) at Frobost, probably due to an expansion of the mire, and c. 5300 BP (6080 cal BP) at Loch a' Chabhain, probably also due to natural factors. Both areas may have been used for grazing from the Neolithic onwards. At Loch Airigh na h-Achlais woodland reduction started in the Neolithic, accelerating during the Bronze Age, perhaps due to climatic deterioration and/or grazing pressures. The profile from Loch Olabhat has strong evidence of human impact during the early Neolithic: a decline in arboreal taxa, an increase in cultural indicators, and signs of erosion in the catchment area. Woodland removal and cultivation here may ultimately have led to rising loch levels and the inundation of Eilean Domhnuill. At Loch Airigh na h-Achlais and Loch Olabhat there may be evidence for heathland management by fire during prehistoric and historical times. Archaeological evidence points to a shift in settlement areas between the Iron Age and the Neolithic, from peat-covered inland areas to the machair along the west coast. A general expansion in heath and mire communities suggests that inland localities may have become increasingly infertile.
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Fujiwara, Aya. "Ethnicity and local community building, the Opal/Maybridge farm settlement in east-central Alberta, 1919-1945." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ60055.pdf.

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Books on the topic "History of the settlement"

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Koroscil, Paul Michael. British Columbia: Settlement history. Dept. of Geography, Simon Fraser University, 2000.

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Wukas, Mark. The worn doorstep: Informal history of Northwestern University Settlement Association, 1891-1991. The Association, 1991.

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László, Blazovich. A Körös-Tisza-Maros köz középkori településrendje. Békés- és Csongrád Megye Tanácsa VB Művelődési Osztálya, 1985.

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Gabbedy, J. P. Group settlement. University of Western Australia Press, 1988.

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White, Rosalie. A history of Gracehill Moravian settlement. s.n., 1996.

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Dougherty, Douglas M. L. A history of Getchell Settlement-Mayfield. The Author, 1988.

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B, Barry Terence, ed. A history of settlement in Ireland. Routledge, 2000.

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University Settlement Society of New York. Legacy of light: A history of social change : University Settlement : 1886-2011. University Settlement Society of New York, 2012.

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Roberts, Brian K. An atlas of rural settlement in England. English Heritage, 2000.

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Roberts, Brian K. An atlas of rural settlement in England. English Heritage, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "History of the settlement"

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Griffiths, Mel, and Lynnell Rubright. "Settlement History." In Colorado. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429049422-9.

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Laidlaw, Ronald W. "Early British settlement." In Mastering Australian History. Macmillan Education UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-09168-3_3.

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Shepherd, Verene A. "Gender, Migration and Settlement." In Engendering History. Palgrave Macmillan US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-07302-0_13.

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Bucher, Enrique H. "History of Human Settlement." In The Mar Chiquita Salt Lake (Córdoba, Argentina). Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15812-5_11.

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Currer-Briggs, Noel. "The settlement of Canada." In Worldwide Family History. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003544746-32.

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Wand, J. W. C. "The Elizabethan Settlement." In A History of the Modern Church. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003464549-7.

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Currer-Briggs, Noel. "Anglo-Saxon settlement of America." In Worldwide Family History. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003544746-22.

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Blake, Robert. "Settlement and War 1890-93." In A History of Rhodesia. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003585473-8.

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Marriott, J. A. R. "The European Settlement of 1815." In A History of Europe. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003608868-2.

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Bowle, John. "The Settlement of Man." In A New Outline of World History. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003626732-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "History of the settlement"

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Leon, Javier, Javier Torrico, Isabel Lorenzo, Benedetta Orfeo, and Iñaki Jaime. "Restoration of a masonry Bridge in Deba (Spain)." In IABSE Congress, San José 2024: Beyond Structural Engineering in a Changing World. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2749/sanjose.2024.0138.

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&lt;p&gt;This paper deals with the singular rehabilitation process carried out to partially rebuild a masonry bridge over the Deba River (Spain). The central pier of this built heritage suffered, on July 2018, a one-meter sudden settlement provoking a partial collapse of the adjacent vaults, leaving the structure in a precarious condition and exposing it to a global collapse. This paper provides a detailed description of the structural system, main load-bearing elements, materials and the anastylosis-based method to rebuild the collapsed vaults. All the activities were supported by a combination of ancient construction techniques obtained from old treatises on masonry bridges and actual cutting-edge technologies. This paper raises awareness about the importance of studying construction history for proper restoring the built heritage. The intervention was awarded with the Grand Prix Europa Nostra award in the category "Conservation and Adaptation to New Uses" in the 2023 call.&lt;/p&gt;
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Requesens, José, and Matías A. Valenzuela. "Resilience in Chilean Railway Infrastructure: Application of BrIM to Historic Metal Bridges." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.1471.

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&lt;p&gt;Since 2020, Chile has made significant progress in implementing innovative methodologies for project coordination and transportation infrastructure management, with a particular emphasis on the adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM). Within the framework of the 2020-2030 strategic plan of the Ministry of Public Works, the need to apply these methodologies to develop resilient infrastructure, with a specific focus on bridges, has been highlighted. In this context, the Empresa de Ferrocarriles del Estado de Chile (EFE), which manages approximately 365 historic metal bridges built between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, has faced significant challenges due to phenomena such as flooding and settlement. These challenges have underscored the urgency of improving inspection and monitoring systems for these critical infrastructures. The implementation of advanced methodologies such as Bridge Information Modelling (BRIM) and the development of Digital Twins (DT) emerges as a strategic solution to address these challenges. This study, conducted in collaboration with the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso and funded by national programs, aims to identify key variables for the effective application of BRIM to riveted metal lattice railway bridges in Chile. Additionally, this paper focuses on the analysis of critical pathologies such as fractures, corrosion, and the continuous use of these essential assets for the country's railway network.&lt;/p&gt;
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Pykin, V. M. "About the times of Old Belivers (Semeyskie) settlement in Transbaiklia." In Old Belief: History and Modernity, Local Traditions, Relations in Russia and Abroad. Buryat State University Publishing Department, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18101/978-5-9793-0771-8-109-114.

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Plyku Demaj, Marsela, Joli Mitrojorgji, and Klodjana Gjata. "Beyond the walls - The impact of urban sprawl on the fortifications in Albania." In FORTMED2024 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2024.2024.17946.

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The need for protection of human settlements has existed since the earliest times of human society. It is reflected in the choice of the terrain, strategic location and through the construction of castles and fortification walls to protect the life inside the settlement. Being interdependent to the human settlement that they aim to protect, fortifications, apart from reflecting the building and military techniques of the time, are also a significant indicator of the life and extent of the historic built settlement within the walls, its accessibility, main transportation routes, etc. In Albania, fortifications, based on a classification on typology, function, building techniques, among others, are one of the first architectural genre designated as monuments of culture in the first national List of Cultural Monuments back in 1948. When in urban areas, these elements often constituted the core of the settlement. As such, they are permanent urban nodes in times of growth, development and change during the centuries and often conditioning/determining the growth policies around them. In present days, many only preserve traces of the protective structures and the walls and few still continue to host living neighborhoods within the perimeter. This article focuses on the fortifications in urban areas linked to historic settlements and impacted from the urban sprawl through history or currently due to urban development pressures. How do these permanent features of the city face urban growth, offering a categorization of the impacts being: building within, out or close to the encirclement of walls, or even the impact on the traditional landscape? By displaying a detailed view of the nature and range of impacts the study aims at helping national and local authorities dealing with cultural heritage, to undertake informed decisions for the protection and management of cultural heritage facing risk or loss of cultural values, and to be able to produce contemporary urban landscapes where historical layers combine.
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Lingwall, Bret N., and Steven F. Bartlett. "Settlement of a Structure Adjacent to Large Embankment Construction A Case History." In Geo-Congress 2013. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412787.140.

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Marzuki, Irfanuddin Wahid. "The Pattern of Minahasa Chinatown Settlement in Colonial Era: Urban Archaeology Study." In 9th Asbam International Conference (Archeology, History, & Culture In The Nature of Malay) (ASBAM 2021). Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220408.011.

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Lei, Dongxue, and Andong Lu. "A Study of Chinese Traditional Wetland Island Settlement Combining Morphological and Narrative Analyses." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5895.

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A Study of Chinese Traditional Wetland Island Settlement Combining Morphological and Narrative Analyses Dongxue Lei¹, Andong Lu² School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Nanjing UniversityHankou Road 22#, Gulou District, Nanjing, ChinaE-mail: dxlei@outlook.com, andonglu@gmail.com Keywords (3-5): wetland island settlement, morphology, townscape, cognitive map Conference topics and scale: Tools of analysis in urban morphology The Lixiahe region, a low-lying wetland located to the eastern side of the Huaiyang section of the Grand Canal, is characterized by a complex hydrological environment and has changed slowly in the urbanization process. The historical town of Shagou, a representative case of island settlements in this region, has a recorded history of continuous morphological change over six hundred years. Regarding Shagou as a cultural-geographical entity, this article aims at combining morphological analysis and narrative-based cognitive mapping to revel the characteristic townscape that strongly depends on cultural-geographic complexity. Based on survey work, this article will first define distinguishable plan elements that underpins the spatial form of Shagou: 1) natural context; 2) streets system; 3) plots system, and then investigate diachronically different phases of the formation of its spatial structure. On the other hand, based on archiving and data analysis of the oral history study, this article will generate a narrative cognitive map, in terms of paths, nodes, landmarks and areas. In conjunction with fieldwork and documentary record, this study testifies that the method derived from the plan analysis developed by Conzon is applicable to the study of wetland island settlement form in China and that narrative spatial analysis provides important supplemental spatial information. A careful combination of these methods might be used for understanding culturally embedded settlement forms in China. References (100 words) Conzen, M. R. G. (1960) Alnwick, Northumberland: A Study in Town-plan Analysis (London, George Philip). Herman, D. (ed.) (2003) Narrative theory and the cognitive sciences (Center for the Study of Language and Information Publication). Whitehand, J. W. R. and Gu, K. (2007) ‘Extending the compass of plan analysis: a Chinese exploration’, Urban Morphology, 11(2), 91-109. Whitehand, J. W. R. and Gu, K. (2007) ‘Urban conservation in China: Historical development, current practice and morphological approach’, The Town Planning Review, 78(5), 643-670.
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Fesikova, Oksana, M. Strebkov, and Aleksandr Borovskoy. "THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF AN IDEAL CITY FROM ANCIENT PHILOSOPHERS TO THE PRESENT." In Reproduction, monitoring and protection of natural, natural-anthropogenic and anthropogenic landscapes. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/rmpnnaal2021_257-262.

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Along with the concept of an "ideal state", known since ancient times, there is also the concept of an "ideal city", which expresses the idea of people of every era about what an urban settlement should be like in order to provide maximum comfort and convenience to its inhabitants and neighbors. Analyzing the history of these ideas, we can trace the path of development of the relationship between man and nature, the main threats that philosophers and city planners feared in different eras, the goals that they set when planning their settlements, and thereby better understand the inner world of these people, if you like, the soul era.
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Sun, Jianping, Junhua Xiao, and Qingpeng Wang. "SETTLEMENT OF COMPOSITE FOUNDATION - A CASE HISTORY WITH REINFORCEMENT OF STEEL PIPE MICRO-PILE." In International Conference on Engineering and Technology Innovations (ICETI). Volkson Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/iceti.01.2017.109.112.

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White, David J., and Kenneth Hoevelkamp. "Settlement Monitoring of Large Box Culvert Supported by Rammed Aggregate Piers — A Case History." In GeoTrans 2004. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40744(154)148.

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Reports on the topic "History of the settlement"

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Smith, Steven D., and Chris J. Cochran. The History of American Settlement at Camp Atterbury. Defense Technical Information Center, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada513125.

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Kramintsev, V. A., S. A. Kiselev, and E. V. Chernikov. THE SETTLEMENT AMUR SANATORIUM. HISTORY OF RESEARCH AND RESCUE ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATIONS IN 2017. "Росток", 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/kra-2018-20.

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Cole, David. Russian Oregon: a history of the Russian Orthodox Church and settlement in Oregon, 1882-1976. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2331.

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Haider, Huma. Political Settlements: The Case of Moldova. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.065.

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The new elite in post-1991 independent Moldova gradually captured state institutions, while internal drivers of reforms have generally been weak. Civil society has had limited effectiveness; and the media is largely dominated by political and business circles (BTI, 2022). The Moldovan diaspora has emerged in recent years, however, as a powerful driver of reform. In addition, new political parties and politicians have in recent years focused on common social and economic problems, rather than exploiting identity and geopolitical cleavages. These two developments played a crucial role in the transformative changes in the presidential and parliamentary elections in 2020 and 2021, respectively.1 The new Moldovan leadership has experienced many challenges, however, in achieving justice and anti-corruption reforms—the primary components of their electoral platform—due to the persistence of rent-seeking and corruption in the justice sector (Minzarari, 2022). This rapid review examines literature—primarily academic and non-governmental organisation (NGO)-based—in relation to the political settlement of Moldova. It provides an overview of the political settlement framework and the political history of Moldova. It then draws on the literature to explore aspects of the social foundation and the power configuration in Moldova; and implications for governance and inclusive development. The report concludes with recommendations for government, domestic reformers, Moldovan society, and donors for improving inclusive governance and development in Moldova, identified throughout the literature. This report does not cover political settlement in relation to Transnistria.
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Fuelberth, August, James Wilcoski, Peter Stynoski, et al. Burgess-Capps Cabin : historic context, maintenance issues, and measured drawings. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47703.

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The Burgess-Capps Cabin is located on the US Air Force Academy (USAFA), Colorado, and was placed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1975 under the name of “Pioneer Cabin.” The building is currently not occupied but used as a history interpretive site. It is one of the few log cabins that remain in this part of Colorado from the time of European settlement. All buildings, especially historic ones, require regular planned maintenance and repair. The most notable cause of historic build-ing element failure or decay is not the fact that the historic building is old, but rather, it is caused by incorrect or inappropriate repair or basic neglect of the historic building fabric. This document is a maintenance manual compiled with as-is conditions of construction materials of the cabin. The secretary of interior’s guidelines on rehabilitation and repair per material are discussed to provide the cultural resources manager at USAFA a guide to maintain this historic building. Additional chapters include information regarding the historic materials and a structural analysis. This report satisfies Section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966 as amended and will help USAFA’s Cultural Resources Management Office to manage this historic building.
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Revi, Aromar, ed. Natural systems in IIHS campus, Kengeri. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2024. https://doi.org/10.24943/9788198702340.

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The IIHS Campus, Kengeri sits at the intersection of the Ramasagara Lake, Sulikere Forest and an urban settlement, making it an excellent site to examine the interconnectedness between natural systems and the built environment. The Campus aspires to become an archetype of a safe space for humans and nature alike, to build eco-friendly and climate resilient structures, and to establish a living lab that brings together people and ideas from multiple disciplines to overcome challenges of rapid urbanisation, growing population and a heating planet. The NATURAL SYSTEMS Box Set contains books that document in detail the water systems and biodiversity on Campus, integrated Campus Agriculture, and related experiments. 1. Flowing towards sustainability: Innovations in campus water management 2. Surface water systems: Adaptive practices in design and construction 3. Natural history of IIHS campus: A future of urban biodiversity 4. Sustainable urban agriculture: Innovations and practices at IIHS campus, Kengeri
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Crafts, Nicholas, Emma Duchini, Roland Rathelot, et al. Economic challenges and success in the post-COVID era: A CAGE Policy Report. Edited by Mirko Draca. CAGE Research Centre, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31273/978-1-911675-01-3.

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In 2008 there was an expectation of major reform to social and economic structures following the financial crisis. The European Union (EU) referendum of 2016, and the UK’s subsequent exit from the EU in 2020, was also signalled as a turning point that would bring about epochal change. Now, in the waning of the coronavirus pandemic, we are experiencing a similar rhetoric. There is widespread agreement that the pandemic will usher in big changes for the economy and society, with the potential for major policy reform. But what will be the long-term impacts of the pandemic on the UK economy? Is the right response a “new settlement” or is some alternative approach likely to be more beneficial? This report puts forward a new perspective on the pandemic-related changes that could be ahead. The central theme is assessing the viability of epochal reform in policymaking. There seems to be a relentless desire for making big changes; however, there is arguably not enough recognition of how current settings and history can hold back these efforts. Foreword by: Dame Frances Cairncross, CBE, FRSE.
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Avis, William. Armed Group Transition from Rebel to Government. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.125.

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Governments and political parties with an armed history are not unusual, yet how these groups function during and after the transition from conflict has largely been ignored by the existing literature. Many former armed groups have assumed power in a variety of contexts. Whilst this process is often associated with brokered peace agreements that encourage former combatants to transform into political parties, mobilise voters, and ultimately stand for elections, this is not always the case. What is less clearly understood is how war termination by insurgent victory shapes patterns of post-war politics. This rapid literature review collates available evidence of transitions made by armed groups to government. The literature collated presents a mixed picture, with transitions mediated by an array of contextual factors that are location and group specific. Case studies are drawn from a range of contexts where armed groups have assumed some influence over government (these include those via negotiated settlement, victory and in contexts of ongoing protracted conflict). The review provides a series of readings and case studies that are of use in understanding how armed groups may transition in “post-conflict” settings.
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Downes, Jane, ed. Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.184.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building the Scottish Bronze Age: Narratives should be developed to account for the regional and chronological trends and diversity within Scotland at this time. A chronology Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report iv based upon Scottish as well as external evidence, combining absolute dating (and the statistical modelling thereof) with re-examined typologies based on a variety of sources – material cultural, funerary, settlement, and environmental evidence – is required to construct a robust and up to date framework for advancing research.  Bronze Age people: How society was structured and demographic questions need to be imaginatively addressed including the degree of mobility (both short and long-distance communication), hierarchy, and the nature of the ‘family’ and the ‘individual’. A range of data and methodologies need to be employed in answering these questions, including harnessing experimental archaeology systematically to inform archaeologists of the practicalities of daily life, work and craft practices.  Environmental evidence and climate impact: The opportunity to study the effects of climatic and environmental change on past society is an important feature of this period, as both palaeoenvironmental and archaeological data can be of suitable chronological and spatial resolution to be compared. Palaeoenvironmental work should be more effectively integrated within Bronze Age research, and inter-disciplinary approaches promoted at all stages of research and project design. This should be a two-way process, with environmental science contributing to interpretation of prehistoric societies, and in turn, the value of archaeological data to broader palaeoenvironmental debates emphasised. Through effective collaboration questions such as the nature of settlement and land-use and how people coped with environmental and climate change can be addressed.  Artefacts in Context: The Scottish Chalcolithic and Bronze Age provide good evidence for resource exploitation and the use, manufacture and development of technology, with particularly rich evidence for manufacture. Research into these topics requires the application of innovative approaches in combination. This could include biographical approaches to artefacts or places, ethnographic perspectives, and scientific analysis of artefact composition. In order to achieve this there is a need for data collation, robust and sustainable databases and a review of the categories of data.  Wider Worlds: Research into the Scottish Bronze Age has a considerable amount to offer other European pasts, with a rich archaeological data set that includes intact settlement deposits, burials and metalwork of every stage of development that has been the subject of a long history of study. Research should operate over different scales of analysis, tracing connections and developments from the local and regional, to the international context. In this way, Scottish Bronze Age studies can contribute to broader questions relating both to the Bronze Age and to human society in general.
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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.
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