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1

Pabst, Philipp, and Hannah Zipfel. "„Bye SPEX! What’s next?“ Zur Historisierung einer Pop-Kulturzeitschrift." Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 45, no. 1 (June 4, 2020): 135–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iasl-2020-0008.

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AbstractIn 2018, the crisis of print media hit German pop journalism hard. Following Groove, Intro and Melodie und Rhythmus, Spex – the most influential magazine of German pop journalism – too ceased production. This article examines the history of Spex as one fraught with frequent endings and crises – a process that ultimately led to the self-historicization of the magazine.
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Priatna, Priatna. "Mengapa Pembaca Berlangganan Majalah Berita?" Jurnal Pewarta Indonesia 1, no. 2 (October 11, 2019): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25008/jpi.v1i2.15.

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Publishing industry is a business that relies on the advertising and circulation. As part of it, the print magazine industry’s total revenue mainly is received from its subscription and retail. As the rapid development of online media nowadays, the print magazine company is hit hard. Its revenue were decreased, especially from both revenue sources. On the side of online media, the total revenue is growing significantly. Although the percentage growth is only about 10% at the moment, the figure continues to grow. Although the trend in recent years continues to decline, the print magazine company still depend on its business to generate greater revenue. In the same time, they develops its digital media business. Several theoretical studies and previous research revealed how to maintain the print magazine business. One of it says that publishers should enlarger the number of customers compared to retail buyers, because the growing number of subscribers could give the assurance for its revenue. In the long run, it could bring more power to the company to survive. For this reason, this study aims to determine the factors that affect the magazine readers to subscribe. The method used quantitative approach by relying on the survey through questionnaires. The data processing tools were using Excel, SPSS 16 and Structural Equation Model (SEM). The result of this study is, service quality of the magazine publisher become the most dominant factor that attract people to subscribe. Then it followed by customer service quality, physical magazine quality, corporate reputation and brand, price, objectivity and promotion.
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Bal, Abhijit M. "Hit for six: BMJ needs to decide whether it is a journal or magazine." BMJ 328, no. 7454 (June 17, 2004): 1500.1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1500.

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Fleming, Tyler, and Toyin Falola. "Africa's Media Empire: Drum's Expansion to Nigeria." History in Africa 32 (2005): 133–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2005.0008.

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Publishing in Africa remains so difficult an enterprise that many publishers have collapsed, their dreams disappearing with them. This is especially true of the print media, particularly newspapers and magazines. During the past century, many magazines and newspapers failed to establish a loyal readership, keep costs down, insure wide circulation, or turn a huge profit. Consequently, not many African magazines can be viewed as “successful.” Drum magazine, however, remains an exception.In 1951 Drum, a magazine written for and by Africans, was established in South Africa. Drum enjoyed a great deal of success and is now widely recognized as having been a driving force in black South African culture and life throughout the 1950s and 1960s. In the South African historiography Drum has been thoroughly researched. The magazine's impact on South African journalism, literature, gender configurations, African resistance, and urban South African culture has been documented and often lauded by various scholars. Many former members of the South African edition's payroll, both editors and staff alike, have gone on to become successes in literature, journalism, and photography. Often such staff members credit Drum for directly shaping their careers and directly state this in their writings. Consequently, Drum is often associated only with South Africa. While Drum greatly influenced South Africa, its satel¬lite projects throughout Africa were no less important. These satellite projects cemented Drum's reputation as the leading magazine newspaper in Africa and each edition became fixtures in west African and east African societies.
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Parker, Martin. "Reading the charts – making sense with the hit parade." Popular Music 10, no. 2 (May 1991): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000004517.

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One of the formations which helps to shape the meaning of modern pop music is the charts. In theory, the charts define the most popular of popular musics, the goal, the pinnacle of success. Both professionals and audience dedicate large amounts of time and money to producing and consuming this series of comparative market histories produced at rapid and regular intervals. Technology is bent to the service of the research in order that the figures be produced more quickly and with the appearance of accuracy. But why should we be interested in the Top 40 itself rather than its music? Writers on pop have provided us with some detailed descriptions of the charts (Frith 1978; Harker 1980; Wallis and Malm 1984; Street 1986), but few have noted that this level of consumer obsession with sales figures is almost unique to the record industry. Consumers of other commodities do not usually consult a specialist book or magazine in order to discover the past sales history of their favourite brand, nor do they listen to particular radio stations in order to ascertain the best selling product of the week. Why then should the sales results of EMI, Polygram, WEA and others be of interest to their consumers when the same data about multi-national corporations in other market sectors are primarily of interest to market insiders and analysts? An important caveat needs to be added in that popular music is now not the only type of cultural production that foregrounds sales figures. More recently popular literature (the ‘Bestsellers List’), video and films have all begun to use this format but in none of these cases is the chart as central as it is with pop music.
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Saito, Fumihiko. "A fragile seed of social and solidarity economy in post-disaster affected areas of Tohoku, Japan." Revista Calitatea Vieții 31, no. 2 (2020): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.46841/rcv.2020.02.01.

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The world today faces a series of crises, and many observers have started to realize that the root cause of these crises is market capitalism. In such a context, the triple disasters of earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear power plant accident hit the north-eastern part of Japan on 11 March 2011. “3.11” has accelerated the long-term structural changes of rural Japan such as depopulation. Nine years since the disasters, one positive sign is the emergence of networks between producers and consumers who are now reciprocally connected. This article pays particular attention to a new monthly delivery package of magazine and food called, Tohoku Food Communication (TFC), first released in July 2013. The experiences of TFC can be interpreted as a fragile yet significant seed to promote social and solidarity economy (SSE). This paper critically examines both possibilities and limitations of SSE, which may contribute to making our society more sustainable than now. Keywords: “3.11”; natural disaster; Tohoku Food Communication (TFC); social and solidarity economy (SSE); sustainability.
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O'Donnell, Catherine. "Magazines and the Making of America: Modernization, Community, and Print Culture, 1741–1860." Business History Review 91, no. 2 (2017): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680517000721.

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Someone could go a long way toward telling the story of my life through its magazines: the Highlights my parents gave me, determined that my small self should be as entertained and enlightened as possible; my grandparents’ neatly collected Readers’ Digests, which I eagerly read until learning my freshman year in college that they were hopelessly bourgeois; the New Yorkers I loved and displayed in my graduate student apartment, the Vanity Fairs I loved and hid under the bed. Magazines tell the story of who I was supposed to be and who I wanted to be. Or perhaps they don't; how much of what the magazines meant to me is visible in the historical record? I didn't purchase all that I read, after all, nor did I read all that I purchased. A magazine I loved one year might embarrass me the next, and then find its way back into favor, my subscription all the while remaining unchanged. Magazines, in short, are both perplexing and promising subjects of analysis, with the question of how they create communities of readers posing perhaps the most promising and perplexing question of all.
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Rip, Berber. "Uitgelicht: Het Bedrijfsmaatschappelijk werk Magazine." Vakblad Sociaal Werk 18, no. 2 (April 2017): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12459-017-0036-3.

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Purba, Eni Tiganni, Siti Kudriyah, and Jujur Siahaan. "DIE NOMINALISIERUNG IN DER DEUTSCHEN UND INDONESISCHEN SPRACHE IM VERGLEICH." STUDIA Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Jerman 7, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/studia.v7i1.9952.

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AUSZUGDas Ziel dieser Untersuchung ist es, die Nominalisierung aus den Adjektiven und aus den Verben in der magazin “Bild der Frau”Edition April/Mai Nr.2 2017 und Dezember Nr.49.2017. In dieser Untersuchung wird die deskriptive qualitative Methode verwendet. Die Datenquelle dieser Untersuchung ist die Nominalisierung aus den Verben und Nominalisierung aus den Adjektive verwendet. Die Untersuchung verwendete die Tecknik der Datensammlung, um die zu kennen, zu markieren, zu versammeln, zu analysieren, und zu Vergleichen mit den angesammelten die Nomen zu verallgemeinen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung gibt es 222 die Nominalisierung, darunter sind 156 die Nominalisierung aus den Verben und 66 die Nominalisierung aus den Adjektiven. Das Ergebnis zeigt, dass die Nominalisierung aus den Verben mit dem Suffixen; -ung, -er, -ion/tion, -nis, -n gebildet werden. Die Nominalisierung aus den Adjektiven mit dem Suffixen; -keit, -heit, -nis, -tät, -schaft gebildet werden. Schlüsselwörter : Die Nominalisierung, Magazine“Bild der Frau”
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Cibes, Margaret. "The Sierpinski Triangle: Deterministic versus Random Models." Mathematics Teacher 83, no. 8 (November 1990): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mt.83.8.0617.

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Recently a book on mathematics—Gleick's Chaos: Making a New Science (1987)—hit the best-seller lists and bookclub catalogs. Graphics displays on the subject have found their way into art galleries and magazines.
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van den Braber, Helleke. "Geven en krijgen rond het tijdschrift De Beweging (1905-1919)." Nederlandse Letterkunde 19, no. 3 (December 1, 2014): 301–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/nedlet2014.3.brab.

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Abstract Patterns of Giving and Receiving: the Case of the Cultural Magazine De Beweging (1905-1919)The Dutch poet Albert Verwey was editor of the cultural magazine De Beweging between 1905-1919. This article uses gift theory to investigate the alliances he forged with his publishers, with his readers, and with the writers he worked with, and takes stock of the ways he tried to keep the insolvent magazine financially afloat. Verwey struggled to find a balance between his own agenda and the interests of his associates, and had to tread carefully as he appealed to their clemency and goodwill. Following Aafke Komter, who differentiates between four types of gift relationship, this article demonstrates that Verwey positioned himself predominantly within the modes of what Komter calls community sharing and authority ranking.
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Yammine, Bruno. "De “Flamenpolitik”, breuk of continuïteit in de Duitse politiek? Nieuw licht op het tijdschrift "Germania"." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 68, no. 3 (January 1, 2009): 214–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v68i3.12434.

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Het artikel Nieuw licht op het tijdschrift 'Germania' (1898-1905) behandelt het Duits-Vlaamse tijdschrift Germania in het licht van de Duitse geopolitiek. Meerbepaald wordt de vraag naar Germania als radertje binnen een mogelijke continuïteit van het vooroorlogse, Duitse imperialisme naar 1914 toe onderzocht. Daarvoor worden eerst, bonding, de bestaande stellingen in de literatuur bekeken. Vervolgens wordt ingegaan op de Brusselse kunstkring De Distel, waar men met name de voorzitter Jan-Matthijs ijverig propaganda voerde voor een Duits-Vlaamse toenadering. Daarna wordt de vorming van de redactie van het tijdschrift besproken. Daarin speelden het imperialistische Alldeutscher Verband en met name de figuur van Theodor Reismann-Grone een sleutelrol. Tot slot wordt een inhoudsanalyse gemaakt van bepaalde aspecten van het tijdschrift. De studie gaat dieper in op de ideologie van de Vlaamsgezinden die medewerking verleenden aan het blad. Bovendien wordt de ideologische lijn die de Alduitsers uitstippelden hiermee in verband gebracht. Het economische luik, dat apart behandeld wordt, brengt een merkwaardige synergie tussen Lodewijk De Raet en de Alduitsers aan het licht. ________"Flamenpolitik", break with or continuation of the German policy? Seeing the magazine "Germania" (1898-1905) in a new lightIt remains an important topic of research to decide whether the Flamenpolitik pursued by the occupier during the First World War was a break with- or a continuation of the German policy in regard to Belgium. This contribution investigates this within the framework of the German-Flemish magazine Germania (1898-1905). At its creation De Distel, the Germanophile art circle in Brussels, was not as important as is sometimes suggested by the scientific literature. Rather more important was the German-imperialistic Alldeutscher Verband (ADV) with Theodor Reismann-Grone in a key role. Almost none of the supporters of the Flemish Movement who gave their cooperation to the magazine acknowledged sharing the objectives of Pan-Germanism of the German initiators. However, the content and history of the magazine illustrate elements in the pre-war German policy including the economic interest in Flanders, which point at a link with the Flamenpolitik during the First World War
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Ram, Titia. "The Gentleman's Magazine in het Engelse literaire veld." Tijdschrift voor Tijdschriftstudies, no. 01 (June 1, 1997): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/ts.65.

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Diser, Lyvia. "Priester Frans Drijvers (1858-1914) en “De Student”. Over de oprichting en beginjaren van “De Student”, een van de meest succesvolle Vlaamsgezinde katholieke studententijdschriften van zijn tijd." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 67, no. 4 (January 1, 2008): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v67i4.12501.

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Dat het werken achter de schermen van de Vlaamse beweging even intens maar veel minder roemrijk is, bewijst het leven van Priester Jan Frans Drijvers (° 1858, Rotselaar - 1914, Willebroek). Drijvers speelde een cruciale rol in de katholieke Vlaamse studentenbeweging van zijn tijd: in 1880 richtte hij als seminarist samen met een paar vrienden De Student op, dat het eerste wijdverspreide katholieke Vlaamsgezinde leerlingentijdschrift werd. De redactie verborg haar identiteit onder schuilnamen, om mogelijke tegenkanting van de geestelijke overheid te vermijden. De belangrijkste verwezenlijking van De Student was dat het ervoor zorgde dat de katholieke schoolgaande jeugd, na een eerdere poging vanuit West-Vlaanderen in de jaren 1870, nu opnieuw werd gebundeld onder eenzelfde ideeënpakket. Drijvers was hun ‘studentenleider’, zij het dat hij hen aanvoerde met de pen, in alle anonimiteit. Hij probeerde zijn lezers een vastberaden Vlaamsgezindheid bij te brengen, maar ook een genuanceerde houding tegenover de geestelijke overheid, die Drijvers beschouwde als de ware aanvoerder van de Vlaamsgezinde katholieken. De Student bracht zijn boodschap onder de vorm van artikels, gedichtjes, verhalen, taallessen enz., waarbij humor en ernst elkaar afwisselden. De door De Student gecreëerde eensgezindheid kreeg in 1890 concrete gestalte met de oprichting van het Katholiek Vlaams Studentenverbond. Twee jaar later werd De Student echter getroffen door een tijdelijk bisschoppelijk verbod. Drijvers leek er niet in te slagen deze teleurstelling te verwerken. In 1902 verliet hij de redactie, na ideologische meningsverschillen met de nieuw aangetreden medewerkers. Drijvers volgehouden anonimiteit als stichter van De Student had het spijtige resultaat dat hij in de vergeetput van de geschiedenis terechtkwam.________The priest Frans Drijvers (1858-1914) and "De Student". About the foundation and the early years of "De Student", one of the most succesful pro-Flemish Catholic student magazines of its timeThe life of the Priest Jan Frans Drijvers proves that working behind the scenes of the Flemish movement is just as intensive but far less glorious. Drijvers played a crucial role in the Catholic Flemish student movement of his time: as a seminarian in 1880 he – together with a few friends – founded De Student that became the first widely distributed Catholic pro-Flemish student magazine. The editors hid their identity behind pen names in order to avoid any antagonism from the ecclesiastical authorities. The most important achievement of De Student was that it ensured that the Catholic children of school age now were collectively exposed to one set of ideas, after the failure of a similar attempt originating in West-Flanders in the 1870’s. Drijvers was their "student leader" even if he led them with his pen, completely anonymously. He attempted to teach his readers not only a determined pro-Flemish attitude, but also a differentiated attitude towards the ecclesiastical authorities, whom Drijvers considered as the true leaders of the pro-Flemish Catholics. De Student propagated its message in the form of articles, short poems, stories, language lessons etc., alternating humour and seriousness. The unanimity created by De Student was substantiated in 1890 by the foundation of the Catholic Flemish Student Union. Two years later, however, De Student suffered a temporary Episcopal interdiction. It appeared that Drijvers was not able to overcome this disappointment. In 1902 he left the editorial board, after ideological differences of opinion with the newly appointed correspondents. Because Drijvers' anonymity as founder of De Student had been maintained, it had the regretful result that he passed into historical oblivion.
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Treichler, Willi. "Die Schweizerische Nationalbibliothek hat ihr neues unterirdisches Magazin eingeweiht." Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie 57, no. 1 (February 15, 2010): 047–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3196/186429501057183.

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Ustinov, Andrei. "Piotr Potiomkin’s “Green Hat” and Russian Émigré children’s literature." Children's Readings: Studies in Children's Literature 18, no. 2 (2020): 180–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2020-2-18-180-229.

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The essay reconstructs history of the 1924 publication of Piotr Potiomkin’s (1886—1926) poem for children Green Hat in a wider context of the Russian émigré literary culture. A well-known writer before the revolution, the author of two books of poetry Funny Love and Geranium, Potiomkin found himself after emigrating to Chishinau and further to Prague, on the periphery of the Russian Diaspora. In 1922 he slowly started to publish his works in the periodicals of “Russian Berlin.” Sasha Chiornyi, his friend from the era of the Satyricon magazine, included two of Potiomkin’s poems in the Rainbow, the first children’s anthology which Chiornyi edited for the Slovo publishing house. By that time Chiornyi occupied a leading position in the émigré children’s literature. He began to invite Potiomkin’s partici- pation in the publishing enterprises of “Russian Berlin,” and recommended the poet to the Volga publishing house as a potentially valuable author. Potiomkin was one of the creators of the genre of “a poem for children” in pre-revolutionary children’s literature—-in 1912 the magazine Galchionok published his “story in verse” Boba Skvozniakov in the Country. Therefore, Potiomkin offered the Volga to publish another “poem for children” Green Hat. As a book designer he invited Hans Fronius (1903—1988) who at the time was a student at the Kunstakademie in Vienna. Later Fronius became the first illustrator of the literary works of Franz Kafka.
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Belisle, Donica. "Conservative Consumerism: Consumer Advocacy in Woman’s Century Magazine During and After World War I." Histoire sociale/Social history 47, no. 93 (2014): 111–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/his.2014.0002.

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Vanlandschoot, Romain. "Van “de soldaat Johan” tot “Herman den ss-soldaat”. Peiling naar de verhouding tussen literatuur, Vlaamse beweging en collaboratie, 1940-1944." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 66, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 322–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v66i4.12569.

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In Van "de soldaat Johan" tot "Herman den SS-soldaat" peilt Romain Vanlandschoot naar de verhouding én de verstrengeling tussen literatuur, Vlaamse beweging en collaboratie tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog. De auteur stelt daarbij het vizier scherp in op het politieke en culturele Nieuwe-Ordekader (VNV en De Vlag) waarin het literair-artistieke eenheidstijdschrift Westland ontstond. De populaire romancier én gezaghebbende Vlaamsgezinde militant Filip De Pillecyn (1891-1962) werd de centrale figuur in de langdurige aanloop-periode van het tijdschrift. De Pillecyn dankte die rol aan zijn belangrijke inbreng in de nieuwe, "völkische" oriëntering van het culturele leven in Vlaanderen én aan zijn nauwe banden met zowel het VNV als het concurrerende De Vlag. Daarenboven genoot hij grote achting en waardering in Duitse intellectuele en artistieke kringen. Het hoofdredacteurschap van De Pillecyn was echter kort als gevolg van een al te opdringerige De Vlag- en SS-invloed. Dat heeft hem wellicht behoed voor een totale wegdeemstering na de Tweede Wereldoorlog: hij beleefde toen integendeel een onbetwistbare rehabilitering als kunstenaar.________From "soldier Johan" to "Herman the SS-soldier"In From " soldier Johan" to "Herman the SS-soldier" Romain Vanlandschoot investigates the relation and the linkage between literature, the Flemish movement and collaboration during the Second World War. The author focuses in this study on the political and cultural New Order framework (VNV [Flemish National Union] and De Vlag [German Flemish Working Community]) within which the literary-artistic unity magazine Westland had its origins. The popular novelist and authoritative pro-Flemish militant Filip De Pillecyn (1891-1962) became the central character during the protracted start-up phase of the magazine. De Pillecyn obtained this role because of his important input in the new "völkische" orientation of the cultural life in Flanders as well as his close links both with the VNV and the competing De Vlag. Moreover he was also much esteemed and valued in German intellectual and artistic circles. However, De Pillecyn held the job of general editor only briefly, because of the too aggressive influence of De Vlag and the SS. This may well have protected him from a total disappearance after the Second World War: on the contrary he then experienced an undeniable rehabilitation as an artist.
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Gaede, Kirsten, and Nina Sickinger. "Sympathieträger." kma - Klinik Management aktuell 14, no. 04 (April 2009): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1575130.

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Die Fluggesellschaften und Kassen haben sie, die Bahn hat sie – in der Klinikbranche dagegen sind Kundenmagazine die Ausnahme. Dabei gibt es für Krankenhäuser unterschiedliche – und oft auch unaufwendige – Wege zu einem ansprechenden Magazin: Besonders Kooperationen mit Tageszeitungen sind im Kommen.
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Costabile, Thomas. "Upswing of Innovation." Mechanical Engineering 140, no. 12 (December 1, 2018): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2018-dec-1.

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New products and ideas seem to be adopted at an ever-increasing rate. These technologies are reshaping the world. Mechanical Engineering magazine’s Emerging Technology Awards honor five ascending technologies this year. The editors have examined the trends in each of ASME’s five core technologies—energy, manufacturing, robotics, bioengineering, and pressure technology—and looked for recent innovations that have hit the marketplace. And from dozens of contenders, the editors have found five that seem poised to make an extraordinary impact on the coming decade.
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Egelmeers, Wouter, and Joris Vandendriessche. "DE REDACTEUR EN HET BUITENLAND." De Moderne Tijd 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 2–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/dmt2019.1.001.vand.

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IMPORTING TEXTS FROM ABROAD Editors’ reuse of foreign historical texts in Dutch periodicals, 1780-1860 This article explores the ways in which the editors of five Dutch history journals and three magazines for general circulation copied historical texts from abroad, between 1780 and 1860. By comparing original texts with reprinted versions, we show that the editors’ work involved not only ‘passive’ duplication (reprinting in full), but also more active forms of intervention, from the selection of text fragments to their translation, modification or critical review. These varied editorial practices point to a broader creative process through which historical knowledge was tailored to an emerging and nationally-oriented academic audience. Editors here assumed the role of mediators, gatekeepers even in the sense that their judgment determined the very choice of texts. At a time when the study of history was evolving at both the national and international level, and when the relationship between actors making up the disciplinary field was also in flux, editors thus became influential figures.
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Cachet, Tamar. "Motieven om oorlogsdoden te tonen in de pers." TMG Journal for Media History 19, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-7653.2016.249.

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Het geloof dat gruwelijke beelden in de media altijd choqueren is wijdverspreid. Met foto’s van oorlogsdoden die honderd jaar geleden, tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog, in de geïllustreerde pers verschenen, argumenteert dit artikel dat een verschrikkelijk beeld nooit tot slechts één mogelijke interpretatie leidt. Op Foucaultiaanse wijze gaat de aandacht uit naar het discours dat de betekenis van deze foto’s bepaalde. Aan de hand van een praktische methodologie ontleent aan het framing paradigma, worden vijf geïllustreerde magazines als casestudy geanalyseerd: Le Miroir uit Frankrijk, The War Illustrated (TWI) uit Groot-Brittannië, Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung (BIZ) uit Duitsland, 1914 Illustré uit België en Het Leven Geïllustreerd uit Nederland. Uit deze casestudy blijkt dat de pers niet alleen vandaag maar ook honderd jaar geleden gruwelijke foto’s publiceerde met een breed scala aan motieven. Choqueren was daar slechts één van.
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van den Bersselaar, Dmitri. "“Doorway to Success?”: Reconstructing African Careers in European Business from Company House Magazines and Oral History Interviews." History in Africa 38 (2011): 257–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hia.2011.0012.

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The largely literate African employees of European businesses during the colonial and postcolonial period have not been studied as a group, unlike miners, railway workers and colonial intermediaries. This group has nevertheless been of great importance. Many of its members became part of the core of the management of African-owned enterprises and organizations, others started their own businesses or became successful politicians. African employees of European business, alongside government employees, formed the basis of the rapidly growing middle classes during the period after the Second World War. They gave their children a Western-style education, often at well-respected schools. In many local communities the “manager” became a figure of respect. Many employees were elected to traditional office as chiefs. Such successes were not limited to those employees who made it into management. For example, a carpenter with a steady career with a European company could build and own several houses. These African employees domesticated capitalism in West Africa, mediated changes in consumption and the rise of a consumer society, and adopted European expectations of career progression and life cycle. Working for a European business, they also found themselves at important sites of contestation during colonial and postcolonial political struggles.
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Pas, Johan. "The Magazine is the Message: het papieren netwerk van de Europese neo-avant-garde (1958-1963)." Tijdschrift voor Tijdschriftstudies, no. 35 (July 10, 2014): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/ts.302.

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25

Van Goethem, Herman. "“De monarchie en ‘het einde van België': een naschrift"." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 68, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v68i1.12406.

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Toen Lode Wils tijdens een recente redactievergadering van Wt zijn recensie van Herman Van Goethems De Monarchie en 'Het einde van België'3 voorlegde, ontspon zich onder de redactieleden een inhoudelijke, spitse doch 'met redenen omklede' en hoffelijke discussie. Alles wel beschouwd, bezat dat dispuut de waarde van een unieke historiografische momentopname, waarin al het lichtgevoelige materiaal van heuristiek, interpretaties en referentiekaders van de Belgische, respectievelijk Vlaamse geschiedenis centraal stonden. Precies vanwege haar uniciteit, willen wij die momentopname niet onthouden aan de lezer van ons tijdschrift. Uit die overweging groeide ten slotte de drieledige bijdrage Controverse onder historici. Een triptiek.In die triptiek maakt de lezer in eerste instantie kennis met de recensie van Lode Wils, die hierboven reeds werd geciteerd. Vervolgens leert hij de wijze kennen waarop Harry Van Velthoven de discussie, die binnen de redactie werd gevoerd, contextueel benadert, haar filtert en haar analyseert. Ten slotte rondt Herman Van Goethem het corpus af dat door Wils en Velthoven wordt opgebouwd. Dat gebeurt in een naschrift, waarin hij de argumenten en analyses van zijn Wt-collega's tegen het licht houdt en zijn eigen bewijsvoering ernaast plaatst. Of ertegenover.Zo’n aanpak vormt een absoluut unicum voor ons tijdschrift. Maar de redactie wil op die wijze de ernst aantonen weermee zij intern aan inhoudelijke evaluatie doet. En tegelijk wordt daarbij het bewijs geleverd dat zo’n interne evaluatie kan leiden tot een kwalitatieve sprong in de geschiedschrijving. ________"The monarchy and the 'end of Belgium'": a postscriptWhen Lode Wils presented his review of Herman Van Goethem's De monarchie en 'het einde van België' during a recent meeting of the editorial board of Wt, the members of the editorial board became involved in a substantial, sharp, yet 'reasoned' and courteous discussion. All things being considered, that debate had the value of a unique historiographic snapshot in time, focusing on all the light sensitive material of heuristics, interpretation and reference frameworks of the Belgian, respectively Flemish history. Specifically in view of the uniqueness of this snapshot in time, we do not want to withhold it from the readers of our magazine. In the end it was that consideration that gave birth to the three-part contribution A dispute between historians. A triptique.In that triptique the reader is first introduced to the review by Lode Wils, which was already referred to above. Consequently he learns about the way in which Harry Van Velthoven contextually approaches, examines and analyses the discussion that took place among the editorial board. Finally Herman Van Goethem concludes the corpus that had been constructed by Wils en Velthoven. This takes place in a postscript in which he puts the arguments and analyses of his Wt colleagues in perspective and adds his own argumentation for comparison or contrast.This approach is absolutely unparalleled in our magazine. But the editors would like to manifest in this way how seriously they themselves approach the evaluation of the content. And at the same time this demonstrates that such an internal evaluation may lead to a qualitative leap in historiography.
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Wils, Lode. "De ideologische barst van België. Van Leopold I tot Albert II." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 68, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v68i1.12404.

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Toen Lode Wils tijdens een recente redactievergadering van Wt zijn recensie van Herman Van Goethems De Monarchie en 'Het einde van België'3 voorlegde, ontspon zich onder de redactieleden een inhoudelijke, spitse doch 'met redenen omklede' en hoffelijke discussie. Alles wel beschouwd, bezat dat dispuut de waarde van een unieke historiografische momentopname, waarin al het lichtgevoelige materiaal van heuristiek, interpretaties en referentiekaders van de Belgische, respectievelijk Vlaamse geschiedenis centraal stonden. Precies vanwege haar uniciteit, willen wij die momentopname niet onthouden aan de lezer van ons tijdschrift. Uit die overweging groeide ten slotte de drieledige bijdrage Controverse onder historici. Een triptiek.In die triptiek maakt de lezer in eerste instantie kennis met de recensie van Lode Wils, die hierboven reeds werd geciteerd. Vervolgens leert hij de wijze kennen waarop Harry Van Velthoven de discussie, die binnen de redactie werd gevoerd, contextueel benadert, haar filtert en haar analyseert. Ten slotte rondt Herman Van Goethem het corpus af dat door Wils en Velthoven wordt opgebouwd. Dat gebeurt in een naschrift, waarin hij de argumenten en analyses van zijn Wt-collega's tegen het licht houdt en zijn eigen bewijsvoering ernaast plaatst. Of ertegenover.Zo’n aanpak vormt een absoluut unicum voor ons tijdschrift. Maar de redactie wil op die wijze de ernst aantonen weermee zij intern aan inhoudelijke evaluatie doet. En tegelijk wordt daarbij het bewijs geleverd dat zo’n interne evaluatie kan leiden tot een kwalitatieve sprong in de geschiedschrijving. ________The ideological schism of Belgium. From Leopold I until Albert IIWhen Lode Wils presented his review of Herman Van Goethem's De monarchie en 'het einde van België' during a recent meeting of the editorial board of Wt, the members of the editorial board became involved in a substantial, sharp, yet 'reasoned' and courteous discussion. All things being considered, that debate had the value of a unique historiographic snapshot in time, focusing on all the light sensitive material of heuristics, interpretation and reference frameworks of the Belgian, respectively Flemish history. Specifically in view of the uniqueness of this snapshot in time, we do not want to withhold it from the readers of our magazine. In the end it was that consideration that gave birth to the three-part contribution A dispute between historians. A triptique.In that triptique the reader is first introduced to the review by Lode Wils, which was already referred to above. Consequently he learns about the way in which Harry Van Velthoven contextually approaches, examines and analyses the discussion that took place among the editorial board. Finally Herman Van Goethem concludes the corpus that had been constructed by Wils en Velthoven. This takes place in a postscript in which he puts the arguments and analyses of his Wt colleagues in perspective and adds his own argumentation for comparison or contrast.This approach is absolutely unparalleled in our magazine. But the editors would like to manifest in this way how seriously they themselves approach the evaluation of the content. And at the same time this demonstrates that such an internal evaluation may lead to a qualitative leap in historiography.
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27

Paasonen, Susanna, Katariina Kyrölä, Kaarina Nikunen, and Laura Saarenmaa. "‘We hid porn magazines in the nearby woods’: Memory-work and pornography consumption in Finland." Sexualities 18, no. 4 (February 22, 2015): 394–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460714550911.

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28

Van Velthoven, Harry. "De rol van de monarchie (vooral van Albert I) in de Vlaamse ontvoogding." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 68, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 28–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v68i1.12405.

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Toen Lode Wils tijdens een recente redactievergadering van Wt zijn recensie van Herman Van Goethems De Monarchie en 'Het einde van België'3 voorlegde, ontspon zich onder de redactieleden een inhoudelijke, spitse doch 'met redenen omklede' en hoffelijke discussie. Alles wel beschouwd, bezat dat dispuut de waarde van een unieke historiografische momentopname, waarin al het lichtgevoelige materiaal van heuristiek, interpretaties en referentiekaders van de Belgische, respectievelijk Vlaamse geschiedenis centraal stonden. Precies vanwege haar uniciteit, willen wij die momentopname niet onthouden aan de lezer van ons tijdschrift. Uit die overweging groeide ten slotte de drieledige bijdrage Controverse onder historici. Een triptiek.In die triptiek maakt de lezer in eerste instantie kennis met de recensie van Lode Wils, die hierboven reeds werd geciteerd. Vervolgens leert hij de wijze kennen waarop Harry Van Velthoven de discussie, die binnen de redactie werd gevoerd, contextueel benadert, haar filtert en haar analyseert. Ten slotte rondt Herman Van Goethem het corpus af dat door Wils en Velthoven wordt opgebouwd. Dat gebeurt in een naschrift, waarin hij de argumenten en analyses van zijn Wt-collega's tegen het licht houdt en zijn eigen bewijsvoering ernaast plaatst. Of ertegenover.Zo’n aanpak vormt een absoluut unicum voor ons tijdschrift. Maar de redactie wil op die wijze de ernst aantonen weermee zij intern aan inhoudelijke evaluatie doet. En tegelijk wordt daarbij het bewijs geleverd dat zo’n interne evaluatie kan leiden tot een kwalitatieve sprong in de geschiedschrijving.________A dispute between historians: the role of the monarchy (in particular of Albert I) in Flemish emancipationWhen Lode Wils presented his review of Herman Van Goethem's De monarchie en 'het einde van België' during a recent meeting of the editorial board of Wt, the members of the editorial board became involved in a substantial, sharp, yet 'reasoned' and courteous discussion. All things being considered, that debate had the value of a unique historiographic snapshot in time, focusing on all the light sensitive material of heuristics, interpretation and reference frameworks of the Belgian, respectively Flemish history. Specifically in view of the uniqueness of this snapshot in time, we do not want to withhold it from the readers of our magazine. In the end it was that consideration that gave birth to the three-part contribution A dispute between historians. A triptique.In that triptique the reader is first introduced to the review by Lode Wils, which was already referred to above. Consequently he learns about the way in which Harry Van Velthoven contextually approaches, examines and analyses the discussion that took place among the editorial board. Finally Herman Van Goethem concludes the corpus that had been constructed by Wils en Velthoven. This takes place in a postscript in which he puts the arguments and analyses of his Wt colleagues in perspective and adds his own argumentation for comparison or contrast.This approach is absolutely unparalleled in our magazine. But the editors would like to manifest in this way how seriously they themselves approach the evaluation of the content. And at the same time this demonstrates that such an internal evaluation may lead to a qualitative leap in historiography.
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29

Gadomska, Wiesława. "Humanizacja postindustrialnej przestrzeni miejskiej - przykład nowojorskiego parku High Line jako udanej rewitalizacji dawnej linii kolejowej." Humanistyka i Przyrodoznawstwo, no. 20 (September 4, 2018): 535–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/hip.513.

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Dawne tereny przemysłowo-składowe nowojorskiego Manhattanu zmieniają swoje oblicze, przekształcając się w atrakcyjne przestrzenie publiczne. Hudson River Park utworzony został na terenach portowych, a najnowszy park High Line powstał w wyniku rewitalizacji nieczynnej, napowietrznej linii kolejowej obsługującej magazyny, składy i fabryki. Inicjatorami pomysłu odzyskania dawnej kolei stali się lokalni pasjonaci, potrafiący dostrzec niezwykły potencjał unikatowego miejsca. Zawiązana organizacja non profit Friends of the High Line, budując strategię obrony torowiska, zdobyła szerokie poparcie społeczne. Zrealizowane w latach 2009 i 2011 dwa pierwsze odcinki parku o łącznej długości ok. 2,5 km osiągnęły bardzo wysoki poziom indywidualnych rozwiązań projektowych tak w zakresie elementów małej architektury, jak i ciekawie dobranej roślinności. To synergiczne łączenie elementów antropogenicznych ze światem przyrody wpłynęło na atrakcyjność High Line. Miejsce to jest bardzo chętnie odwiedzane zarówno przez nowojorczyków, jak i licznych turystów.
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30

Hardinghaus, Christian. "Das Spinnhaus an der Spree." Der Klinikarzt 49, no. 01/02 (February 2020): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1068-5089.

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Ein Magazin wie der klinikarzt verdient eine Kolumne zur Klinikgeschichte. Damit gemeint ist nicht die Geschichte allgemeiner Krankenhausentwicklung, sondern es soll in jeder Folge die Historie einer bedeutenden Klinik vorgestellt werden. Sie alle kennen diese Krankenhäuser. Einige von Ihnen arbeiten in dem ein oder anderen. Doch kennen Sie neben berühmten Ärzten, die Ihre Institution hervorgebracht hat, auch die Umstände ihrer Entstehung, die kleinen Rätsel der Vergangenheit, die Leichen im Keller, die prominentesten Patienten oder spektakulärsten Bauten? Beginnen wir mit dem ältesten Krankenhaus unserer Hauptstadt: Die Berliner Charité, die heute mit über 3000 Betten und fast 15 000 Beschäftigten zu den größten und bedeutendsten Krankenhäusern Europas zählt.
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31

Jansen, C. J. H., and W. J. Zwalve. "De Wetenschap Van Het Oudvaderlands Privaatrecht En Het Tijdschrift Voor Rechtsgeschiedenis." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'Histoire du Droit / The Legal History Review 61, no. 3 (1993): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181993x00240.

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AbstractThe history of Dutch private law, or - as it was called - 'ancient national law' ('oud vaderlands recht'), which was taught at Dutch universities since the days of S.J. Fockema Andreae sr (1844-1921), suffered from at least three serious disadvantages, viz. the absence of anything like a "Dutch nation" before the creation of the modern centralized state in 1798, the absence of anything like a "national law", least of all private law, before the enactment of the first Dutch civil code of 1809 and the inability to come to terms with the reception of Roman law, which was regarded as a cataclysmic event brought about by the "unhistoric" attitude of sixteenth-century Dutch lawyers (S.J. Fockema Andreae jr in 1950). Hence the emphasis on pre-reception medieval law and public rather than private law. On the other hand, the Dutch civilians were interested in "classical" Roman law rather than the history of private law after the reception of Roman law in the Netherlands. To most of them Roman law had become distorted and disfigured in the process. So the study of the history of substantive private law of the era between the reception of Roman law and the enactment of the first civil code was rather unattractive to both groups of legal historians. To the "germanists" national law was tainted with Roman law, whereas to the civilians, the "romanists", Roman law had become contaminated by the mould of ancient customary and statutory law and the expediency of legal practitioners. So, in spite of the fact that the very same era is commonly regarded as the heyday of Dutch legal science (Voetius, Grotius, Vinnius), no comprehensive introduction to what is also commonly regarded as a most important Dutch contribution to European legal culture, viz. "Roman-Dutch" law, was ever written in the Netherlands. Students had to be referred to R.W. Lee's Introduction to Roman-Dutch Law, an English textbook! The volumes of the Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis bear witness to this sorry state of affairs. There are many learned and solid articles on subjects of classical Roman law and French customary law, but relatively very few on subjects of substantive Dutch private law and even less on subjects of "Roman-Dutch" law. There is, of course, an explanation for this. The "germanists" had (and have) their own magazine, the "Verslagen en Mededeelingen" ("Reports and Proceedings"), published by de "Vereniging tot uitgaaf der bronnen van het oud-vaderlands recht" (the "Society for the edition of the sources of ancient national law"), founded in 1879, whereas there is also, as far as "Roman-Dutch" law is concerned, the "Tydskrif vir Hedendaagse Romeins-Hollandse Reg", published in South Africa. There is another consideration to be taken into account too: much of what has been written on the history of substantive Dutch private law in the last 75 years was not, or at least not primarily, written with a public consisting of legal historians in mind, but in view of practical questions of and developments in modern Dutch private law intended to be read by legal practitioners, rather than the professional historians. That is why so much which would have been of interest to professional historians at large, was published in Dutch and in Dutch legal journals. So, in the final analysis, it is the international profile and the emphasis on history that have prevented the publication of more articles on the history of substantive Dutch private law in the volumes of the Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis.
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32

Dalley, Stewart. "Recent changes to immigration laws: Implications for hospitality employers." Hospitality Insights 1, no. 1 (October 20, 2017): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/hi.v1i1.4.

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Immigration New Zealand (INZ) recently announced changes to the skilled migrant residence and essential-skills work visas based on a strong association between skills and salary. This shift will impact both employers and migrants, especially in hospitality. According to the INZ, the hospitality sector was the fourth-largest recipient of skilled migrant residence visas in their last reporting year [1,2]. INZ expects migrants employed as chefs, café/restaurant managers and retail managers to be the hardest hit by these changes [1,2]. Residence under the skilled migrant policy can be gained for jobs in skill levels 1–3 as defined in the Australian and New Zealand Standard Classification of Occupations (ANZSCO). Traditionally, hotel managers, chefs, and café/restaurant managers have been classed as level 2, and bakers at level 3 in accordance with ANZSCO. However, skills levels are now also assessed based on salary (at least $23.49 p/h) and specialist skills obtained through qualifications and/or work experience. Migrants paid a justifiable $35.24 p/h for a position previously considered unskilled (levels 4–5), or those with positions unclassified by ANZSCO, could gain residence under the new policy shift. While this could mean a residence visa for people whose jobs do not neatly fit within ANZSCO, INZ are not easily deceived. Indeed, the Labour Inspectorate reports that 20 percent of the published list of employers currently barred from recruiting migrants (due to breaches of employment and immigration laws) are in the hospitality sector. Accordingly, there is little to be gained by migrants claiming to be paid $80,000 for a housekeeping position. Approximately 21 percent of essential-skills work visas issued by Immigration New Zealand in the last reporting year were for migrants in the hospitality sector [1,2]. Essential-skills work visas cover five skills levels (as indicated by ANZSCO) but now have accompanying salary thresholds. The main change affects migrants earning below $19.97 p/h because they will now be unable to sponsor their partner’s work visa or child’s domestic student visa. While their partner and child would still be able to apply for visas, the partner would have to meet the visa requirements in their own right to obtain a work visa, and their child could only obtain an international student visa – the costs associated with which would likely consume the ‘low’ salary of the migrant worker. Additionally, this ‘low-skilled’ migrant will only be able to obtain one ‘low-skilled’ essential-skills work visa of three-year duration before experiencing a 12-month stand-down period, during which they would be barred from applying for another low-skilled essential-skills work visa. This does not, however, prevent the migrant from applying for an essential-skills visa at a higher skill level or for a visa in another category entirely. Those in positions assessed as skill levels 4–5 under ANZSCO and paid below $19.97p/h will only be issued a 12-month work visa, and will be unable to sponsor a partner for a work visa or a child for domestic student status. There are some elements of the policy change that are not retrospective. It is, therefore, vital to seek specific advice in each case. Many employers will now be faced with the prospect of increasing salaries to attract migrants or expending more time and resources to recruit and train New Zealanders. However, it is recalled that many employers, particularly in the regions, have experienced recruitment difficulties for decades. It is, therefore, unclear whether these changes will produce the desired increase in job opportunities and salaries for New Zealanders or whether they will only add to the recruitment woes of employers. Corresponding author Stewart is a Senior Solicitor with Ryken and Associates (www.rykenlaw.co.nz). He assists in all aspects of immigration and refugee law, including advising on visas, deportation and humanitarian claims. He has experience in representing clients at the Immigration and Protection Tribunal, Family Court, District Court and High Court. Stewart is an active member of the Auckland District Law Society’s Immigration and Refugee Law Committee, where he engages with Immigration New Zealand, the Immigration Protection Tribunal, and other outside organisations, to help shape and inform discussion on immigration and refugee-related policy matters. His work has been published in the New Zealand Law Society’s official magazine (LawTalk) and the New Zealand Law Journal. Stewart Dalley can be contacted at: stewart@rykenlaw.co.nz References (1) New Zealand Immigration. www.immigration.govt.nz/about-us/research-and-statistics/statistics (2) Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment. Aide Memoire Information for Ministers: Composition of the Skilled Migrant Category – updated slide pack, May 26, 2016.
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Lickhardt, Maren. "Und trotzdem Pop. Ruth Landshoff-Yorck in Amerika." Zeitschrift für Ideengeschichte 14, no. 4 (2020): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/1863-8937-2020-4-25.

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Nur wenig Selbstinszenierung ist im Spiel, wenn Ruth Landshoff- Yorck, vielleicht um das Blatt an Freundinnen und Freunde zu versenden, einen Ankündigungsflyer für ihre Vortragsreise durch die USA handschriftlich mit den Worten versieht: «Das war ich voriges Jahr …». Bei dem deutschen It-Girl und der deutschen Mode-Ikone der 20er-Jahre schlechthin, die sich offensiv auf den Berliner Boulevards – im Romanischen Café oder im Café des Westens und in Lifestyle-Magazinen wie Uhu oder Das Leben – zur Schau gestellt hat, gleicht die Glosse eher einem nachdenklichen Rückblick. Dass sie auf dem Flyer mit dem Namen Ruth Countess Yorck von Wartenburg angekündigt wird, weist sie als Ex-Ehefrau von Friedrich David Graf Yorck von Wartenburg aus. Dies verleiht ihr als «Interpreter of Europe for America» eine besondere Dignität. Als «Countess» verspricht sie einen elegischen Blick auf das versunkene Europa der Adelsgesellschaft, dem in Amerika gerne der rote Teppich ausgerollt wird. Ruth, die ihren Nachnamen oft gewechselt hat – von Levy zu Landshoff zu Yorck von Wartenburg zu L. Yorck zu Landshoff-Yorck und weiteren Varianten –, bedurfte freilich des Adelstitels durch die Heirat mit dem Grafen nie, um sich herauszuheben und zu unterscheiden.
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Lickhardt, Maren. "Und trotzdem Pop. Ruth Landshoff-Yorck in Amerika." Zeitschrift für Ideengeschichte 14, no. 4 (2020): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17104/1863-8937-2020-4-25.

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Nur wenig Selbstinszenierung ist im Spiel, wenn Ruth Landshoff- Yorck, vielleicht um das Blatt an Freundinnen und Freunde zu versenden, einen Ankündigungsflyer für ihre Vortragsreise durch die USA handschriftlich mit den Worten versieht: «Das war ich voriges Jahr …». Bei dem deutschen It-Girl und der deutschen Mode-Ikone der 20er-Jahre schlechthin, die sich offensiv auf den Berliner Boulevards – im Romanischen Café oder im Café des Westens und in Lifestyle-Magazinen wie Uhu oder Das Leben – zur Schau gestellt hat, gleicht die Glosse eher einem nachdenklichen Rückblick. Dass sie auf dem Flyer mit dem Namen Ruth Countess Yorck von Wartenburg angekündigt wird, weist sie als Ex-Ehefrau von Friedrich David Graf Yorck von Wartenburg aus. Dies verleiht ihr als «Interpreter of Europe for America» eine besondere Dignität. Als «Countess» verspricht sie einen elegischen Blick auf das versunkene Europa der Adelsgesellschaft, dem in Amerika gerne der rote Teppich ausgerollt wird. Ruth, die ihren Nachnamen oft gewechselt hat – von Levy zu Landshoff zu Yorck von Wartenburg zu L. Yorck zu Landshoff-Yorck und weiteren Varianten –, bedurfte freilich des Adelstitels durch die Heirat mit dem Grafen nie, um sich herauszuheben und zu unterscheiden.
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35

Langhendries, Maarten. ""Natuer en kunst gaen hier hand aen hand". Duitslandbeelden in de vroege Vlaamse beweging (1844-1848)." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 78, no. 4 (January 2, 2020): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v78i4.15778.

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In de jaren 1840 cultiveerde de jonge Vlaamse beweging een sterke band met de Duitse cultuur. Deze bijdrage belicht welk beeld de flaminganten in deze periode hadden van de Duitse gebieden en van de Duitstalige cultuur, met name de Duitse literatuur. Een analyse van de Duitsgezinde tijdschriften De Broederhand en Het Taelverbond toont dat er onder de Duitsgezinde flaminganten een sterk geïdealiseerd beeld leefde van een groen en ruraal Duitsland. Het Duitsland dat in de twee periodieken geschetst werd, is een land van ‘dichters en denkers’, waar muziek en literatuur hun ‘ware’ volkse karakter hebben weten te behouden. Dit authentieke karakter maakte de Duitse cultuur superieur aan met name de Franse. Vlaanderen diende zich volgens de twee tijdschriften te spiegelen aan haar oosterburen in het levend en ‘oorspronkelijk’ houden van haar taal en geschiedenis.__________ “Here, nature and culture walk hand in hand”. Images of German culture in the early Flemish movement (1844-1848). In the 1840s, the Flemish movement cultivated a strong connection to the German culture. This paper discusses the image of the German territories and German culture, in particular German literature, amongst the Flemish nationalists. An analyses of the pro-German periodicals De Broederhand and Het Taelverbond shows that these nationalists had a very romantic image of Germany as rural and characterized by unspoiled nature. The two periodicals sketch an image of a country where everybody is a poet or a philosopher. In the eyes of the Flemish nationalists, German music and literature managed to keep its ‘true’ folksy character. The authenticity of German culture made it superior to in particular French culture. According to the two magazines, Flanders has to follow the example of the Germans in keeping alive its language and past.
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Langhendries, Maarten. ""Natuer en kunst gaen hier hand aen hand". Duitslandbeelden in de vroege Vlaamse beweging (1844-1848)." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 78, no. 4 (January 2, 2020): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v78i4.15778.

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In de jaren 1840 cultiveerde de jonge Vlaamse beweging een sterke band met de Duitse cultuur. Deze bijdrage belicht welk beeld de flaminganten in deze periode hadden van de Duitse gebieden en van de Duitstalige cultuur, met name de Duitse literatuur. Een analyse van de Duitsgezinde tijdschriften De Broederhand en Het Taelverbond toont dat er onder de Duitsgezinde flaminganten een sterk geïdealiseerd beeld leefde van een groen en ruraal Duitsland. Het Duitsland dat in de twee periodieken geschetst werd, is een land van ‘dichters en denkers’, waar muziek en literatuur hun ‘ware’ volkse karakter hebben weten te behouden. Dit authentieke karakter maakte de Duitse cultuur superieur aan met name de Franse. Vlaanderen diende zich volgens de twee tijdschriften te spiegelen aan haar oosterburen in het levend en ‘oorspronkelijk’ houden van haar taal en geschiedenis.__________ “Here, nature and culture walk hand in hand”. Images of German culture in the early Flemish movement (1844-1848). In the 1840s, the Flemish movement cultivated a strong connection to the German culture. This paper discusses the image of the German territories and German culture, in particular German literature, amongst the Flemish nationalists. An analyses of the pro-German periodicals De Broederhand and Het Taelverbond shows that these nationalists had a very romantic image of Germany as rural and characterized by unspoiled nature. The two periodicals sketch an image of a country where everybody is a poet or a philosopher. In the eyes of the Flemish nationalists, German music and literature managed to keep its ‘true’ folksy character. The authenticity of German culture made it superior to in particular French culture. According to the two magazines, Flanders has to follow the example of the Germans in keeping alive its language and past.
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Van Hees, Pieter. "Studies breed en wijd als het polderlandschap. Enkele kanttekeningen bij het verschijnen van de De Pillecyn Studies III." WT. Tijdschrift over de geschiedenis van de Vlaamse beweging 67, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/wt.v67i2.12475.

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De presentatie van de De Pillecyn Studies III in Brussel op 13 februari 2008 geeft aan dat de belangstelling voor leven en werk van de Vlaamse auteur Filip De Pillecyn toeneemt. De eerste bundel verscheen in 2005.In de derde vinden we eerst studies over het literaire oeuvre. De eerste gaat over de betrouwbaarheid van de archivalia die ten grondslag liggen aan de roman over de priester Pieter Fardé. Vervolgens is er aandacht voor de romans Hans van Malmédy en Monsieur Hawarden, romans waarin het onvermogen van mensen om blijvende relaties aan te gaan centraal staat. Een thema dat vaker in zijn werk voorkomt. In de lichtvoetige en daardoor enigszins buiten het algemene patroon van De Pillecyns werk vallende roman De Veerman en De Jonkvrouw is er aandacht voor de literaire kritiek. Volgens een enkeling overschreed de roman de betamelijkheid. Bij de roman De soldaat Johan (1939) spitst de discussie zich toe op het al dan niet politieke karakter van de roman. Was het de opzet om een rechtse ideologie te verspreiden via deze historische boeren roman?Het maatschappelijke leven van De Pillecyn krijgt aandacht op het punt van zijn culturele collaboratie met het tijdschrift Westland. Ook komt zijn relatie met Hendrik Elias, zijn werk op het ministerie van onderwijs en zijn tocht naar Katyn in 1943 in bijdragen aan de orde.De bundel sluit af met studies over het woordgebruik in stukken over het Schelde, over zijn betrekkingen tot Antwerpen en een laudatio die gehouden werd bij de presentatie van de Russische vertaling van Mensen achter de dijk.________Large and wide like a polder landscape. Some short comments regarding the publication of the De Pillecyn Studies IIIThe presentation of the De Pillecyn Studies III in Brussels on 13 February 2008 demonstrates the increasing interest in the life and work of the Flemish author Filip De Pillecyn. The first volume appeared in 2005.The third volume first contains studies about the literary oeuvre. The first of these deals with the reliability of the archival documents that the novel about the priest Pieter Fardé is based on. Next it discusses the novels Hans van Malmédy and Monsieur Hawarden, which focus on the incapacity of people to form lasting relationships. This is a recurrent topic in his work. The light hearted and therefore – compared to De Pillecyns other work – somewhat atypical novel De Veerman en De Jonkvrouw (The ferryman and the maiden) pays attention to literary criticism. One or two people even considered that this novel transgressed the standards of decency. In the case of the novel De soldaat Johan (The soldier Johan) (1939) the discussion focuses on whether this novel was a political work. Was it his intention to propagate right-wing ideology by means of this historical peasant novel?De Pillecyn’s social life is reviewed from the perspective of his cultural collaboration with the magazine Westland. Other contributions discuss his relationship with Hendrik Elias, his work in the ministry of Education and his trip to Katyn in 1943. The volume concludes with studies about the use of words in essays about the Scheldt, his relation to Antwerp and a laudation which was pronounced at the presentation of the Russian translation of Mensen achter de dijk (People behind the embankment).
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Merrill, Samuel, and Sandra Jasper. "Was ist so Berlin? Eine kritische Rezension aktueller Linien und Fragestellungen der Stadtforschung in der deutschen Hauptstadt." sub\urban. zeitschrift für kritische stadtforschung 2, no. 2 (October 31, 2014): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36900/suburban.v2i2.145.

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Ende 2012 hat das Zitty Magazin des Tagesspiegels seine Werbekampagne „Das ist so Berlin“ gestartet. Seither sind kleine rot-weiße Aufkleber mit dieser Aussage überall in der Stadt aufgetaucht, auf Mülleimern, U-Bahn-Schildern und Bushaltestellen. Zum Teil als Reaktion auf diese Kampagne, fragt diese kritische, bilinguale Rezension Was ist so Berlin? um die aktuellen Linien und Fragestellungen der Stadtforschung in Berlin zu diskutieren. Dazu werden die Berlin-Sitzungen zweier internationaler Tagungen des Jahres 2013 rezensiert, die Sitzungen der Jahreskonferenz der Association of American Geographers (Los Angeles 9-13 April) und es Jahrestreffen des Research Committee 21 (Berlin 29-31), sowie der Sammelband – The Berlin Reader: A Compendium on Urban Change and Activism (Transcript, 2013), herausgegeben von Matthias Bernt, Britta Grell und Andrej Holm. Im Anschluss betont die Rezension die Notwendigkeit die Vorstellungen zu Berlin und Berlins exceptionalism, die in der Stadtforschung entwickelt werden, fortlaufend so zu beleuchten, dass eine pluralistische Rhetorik, die Position und Verantwortung von Forscher_innen und wissenschaftliche Forschungslücken, berücksichtigt werden.
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Durst, Elizabeth. "Designs for Everyone: Transforming Women’s Fashions in Early Twentieth-Century Russia." Experiment 22, no. 1 (November 15, 2016): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2211730x-12341279.

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The world of women’s fashion in early twentieth-century Russia provides a rich context for measuring shifts in class identity and in gender norms, as the major cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg were witnessing broad social transformation. If not for the Revolution, the late-Imperial period may well have anticipated the mature markets of the West, where haute couture and the garment industry fueled widespread consumption and became what are now essential components of modern collective social behavior. In Russia, the intensified urbanization of the early twentieth century also ushered in the rise of new forms of popular culture, which often intersected with the world of women’s fashion. Specialized periodicals, such as fashion magazines and the new art of cinema, fueled a cult interest in the latest sartorial trends. A reflection of this phenomenon can also be found in Teffi’s (pseudonym of Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Lokhvitskaia, 1872-1953) broadly circulated stories, which allowed readers to better understand the perceived transformative power of fashion, even when expressed on the seemingly minor level of a small collar or hat.
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McLellan, Josie. "From Private Photography to Mass Circulation: The Queering of East German Visual Culture, 1968–1989." Central European History 48, no. 3 (September 2015): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938915000813.

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AbstractThis article describes how a particular kind of queer figure moved from private photography into the mainstream of East German visual culture. It begins with a set of private photographs from the late 1960s from the collection of Heino Hilger, a regular, with his friends, at the East Berlin bar Burgfrieden. The photographs show how dressing in drag and the act of photography were important ways of constituting a gay male subculture. After the decriminalization of sex between men in 1968, the gay scene became bolder and more political in East Germany. The subversion of gender norms was central to the activism of groups such as the Homosexual Interest Group Berlin (HIB) and Gays in the Church. The visibility of the queer figure culminated in the late 1980s, when parts of the film Coming Out were filmed in Burgfrieden and when the popular monthly Das Magazin published a three-part feature on male homosexuality. What all these cultural artifacts and events had in common was not just a critique of the heterosexual norm, but also a queering of the boundaries between masculinity and femininity.
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Bickes, Hans, Tina Otten, and Laura Chelsea Weymann. "The financial crisis in the German and English press: Metaphorical structures in the media coverage on Greece, Spain and Italy." Discourse & Society 25, no. 4 (July 2014): 424–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926514536956.

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The German media presentation of the so-called Greek financial crisis caused an unexpected uproar in Germany. An anti-Greek sentiment evolved and spread among German citizens and solidarity for crisis-hit Greece was mostly rejected. Public surveys revealed that many Germans even wanted Greece to exit the Eurozone immediately. This article highlights the crucial role of the media in shaping the negative public opinion. In 2010, a period which has lately been referred to as Greek bashing, the German press had discussed the Greek financial crisis heatedly and controversially. Europe’s largest daily newspaper, BILD, published numerous reports that implicitly and explicitly constituted the myth of the corrupt and lazy Greeks in comparison to the hard-working Germans. In 2012, the crisis had spread much further, and not only Greece but other countries too were suffering from high debt, economic stagnation and unemployment. The news coverage became more moderate and conciliating and presented the dramatic social consequences for the respective population. This study highlights not only the development of the German media’s tenor on the Greek crisis through time, but adds an international perspective and widens the view by comparing the media treatment of the different countries involved. Based on 122 online articles, the study methodologically focuses on the analysis of metaphorical language in the news coverage of three comparable international news magazines: SPIEGEL (Germany), The Economist (the UK) and TIME (the USA), and contrasts the representation of Greece with the depiction of larger indebted European countries like Spain and Italy. The analysis shows remarkable differences in the evaluation and presentation of the crisis, which can be linked to the degree of involvement of Germany, the UK and the USA in European policies.
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Nygard, Travis E. "It is Time to Rethink Regionalism in Midwestern Life: How Two National Magazines Caricatured a Midwestern Art Movement and Hid Its Critical and Community-Engaged Edge." Middle West Review 7, no. 1 (2020): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mwr.2020.0008.

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Mulken, Margot van, Renske van Enschot, and Hans Hoeken. "Impliciet, implicieter, implicietst: Het effect van de mate van implicietheid op de waardering voor tijdschriftadvertenties /The more implicit, the better? The effect of implicitness on the appreciation of magazine advertisements." Tijdschrift voor Communicatiewetenschappen 34, no. 4 (December 2006): 368–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1347/tijd.34.4.368.

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LEVY, BRUCE. "The End of the World, The Beginners of a Nation: Edward Eggleston and the Crisis of National Meaning in the Gilded Age." Journal of American Studies 36, no. 3 (December 2002): 391–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875802006886.

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In a remarkable span of days at the turn of the year 1888, Edward Eggleston and Edward Bellamy issued critiques of Gilded Age America that employed a similar, and for the time, unusual, narrative device – the glance backward from the late twentieth century.1 Bellamy's, of course, was Looking Backward, 1887–2000, the most successful novel of the period, and one of the few works of American popular fiction to impel both social action and political reform.2 Eggleston's work, far less ambitious and visionary than Bellamy's, nonetheless warrants interest; not only does it provide a point of entry for recuperating Eggleston's considerable reputation in the nineteenth century as a regional novelist and social historian, it also allows us to recover the relation his writing bore then – and bears now – to American pluralist fantasies about race, class, and national identity.3 Entitled “A Prospective Retrospect,” Eggleston's backward glance purports to describe “The Age of Paradox,” an article from “a magazine called The Twentieth Century … dated November, 1987,” in which a future antiquarian “look[s] back but one hundred years upon American life.” To the observer from the future “the manners of the people of 1887” revealed the paradox of the age. On one hand, the “antiquary” noticed that democratic America had removed from the public arena “any mark of social distinction”; in this “paradoxical age,” he argued, fashion was no longer a reliable gauge of class: “the gentleman, and especially the statesman … held fellowship with cabby in wearing the high hat, the man of the upper walks of life was yet more intimately associated with the waiter, in the fact that the dress-coat of the gentleman was an exact copy of the working coat of the waiter.”
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Suwandi, Intan. "No Reconciliation without Truth: An Interview with Tan Swie Ling on the 1965 Mass Killings in Indonesia." Monthly Review 67, no. 7 (December 2, 2015): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-067-07-2015-11_2.

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In the early morning of October 1, 1965, self-proclaimed left-wing troops raided the houses of seven top army generals in Jakarta. In the process, six of the generals were killed&mdash;three were shot during the kidnapping attempt, while the others were taken to Lubang Buaya, an air force base located in the south of Jakarta, and then killed. The seventh general, Nasution, managed to escape. The perpetrators announced on national radio that they were troops loyal to President Sukarno, and they aimed to protect the president from the danger posed by the right-wing "Council of Generals"&mdash;who, they said, were planning to launch a military coup d'&eacute;tat.&hellip; This movement was very short-lived. Within one day, it collapsed. Major General Suharto&hellip;took control of the army during the morning of October 1 and quickly crushed the movement.&hellip; [W]hat happened on October 1, 1965 marked the fall of Sukarno and the rise of Suharto, who was soon to rule Indonesia under his military dictatorship for more than three decades. The brutality of Suharto's New Order is probably not news for people familiar with Indonesia. But there is "an episode the West would prefer to forget," as journalist John Pilger put it, that accompanied Suharto's rise to power: the destruction of Communism and the mass killings that followed&mdash;a phenomenon claimed by <em>Time </em>magazine in 1966 as "The West's best news for years in Asia."<p class="mrlink"><p class="mrpurchaselink"><a href="http://monthlyreview.org/index/volume-67-number-7" title="Vol. 67, No. 7: December 2015" target="_self">Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the <em>Monthly Review</em> website.</a></p>
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T’Sjoen, Yves. "Breyten Breytenbach in een zijspiegel: Het vizier van H.C. ten Berge Transnationale laterale beweging en particuliere “hetero-images” van een literaire actor/ Breyten Breytenbach Through H.C. ten Berge’s Looking-Glass: Transnational Lateral Movement and Particular “Hetero-Images” of a Writer." Werkwinkel 10, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/werk-2015-0003.

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Abstract At the end of the 1960s and in the beginning of the 1970s the South African poet Breyten Breytenbach had poetry and drawings published in the leading literary magazine Raster. The editor in charge at the time, H.C. ten Berge, gave the experimental writer and socially engaged Sestiger (the literary modernizing movement in South Africa in the sixties) pride of place in the line-ups of the Dutch modernist periodical. In the seventies, Ten Berge contributed to Vingermaan (1980), a collection of poems by Dutch writers (Lucebert, Kopland, Kouwenaar, Schierbeek) in support of the anti-apartheid activist. From 1975 Breytenbach was imprisoned in South Africa for political reasons. He served seven years of a nine year sentence. At that time, in the eighties, the Netherlands organized a cultural and economical boycott against the racist regime in Pretoria. Later on, Ten Berge presented his own poems dedicated to Breytenbach in his book of poetry Nieuwe gedichten (1981) and in the collection Materia prima: Gedichten 1963-1993 (1993). Before and during the imprisonment of Breytenbach Ten Berge played an important role in the introduction of the writer in the Low Countries. From a cultural-sociological point of view Breytenbach’s presence in the Dutch language area can be described, in the terminology of Francoise Lionnet and Shu-mei Shih and later on used by Louise Viljoen, as a transnational lateral movement in his writing career. This paper deals with the cultural transmission of an important political and experimental author in the literary system of Afrikaans and English in South Africa into the Dutch system. From a bibliographical viewpoint this paper affords special attention to the publication of Breytenbach’s volume of poetry in Skryt: Om ’n sinkende skip blou te verf ([1972] 1976), Vingermaan (1980) and Nieuwe gedichten ([1981] 1987). Ten Berge played an important role in the introduction of Breytenbach to the Low Countries in the way he presented the author’s political and aesthetic ideas to a Dutch-speaking audience.
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Jürgens, Hanco. "Ayatollahs tegen het establishment. De miraculeuze metamorfoses van Historisch Nieuwsblad - Rob Hartmans, Niet gehinderd door schroomvalligheid. Opkomst en bloei van Historisch Nieuwsblad (Veen Magazines; Diemen 2011), 181 p., ill., €9,95 ISBN 9789085710813." Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 126, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 445–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvgesch2013.3.b29.

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Franke, Viktoria. "Jan Verweij, Kanttekening van een Horrearius. De rol van het Magazyn voor de critische Wijsbegeerte en de Geschiedenis van Dezelve (1798-1803) in de Kantreceptie in Nederland." BMGN - Low Countries Historical Review 128, no. 4 (October 7, 2013): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18352/bmgn-lchr.9221.

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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 163, no. 1 (2008): 134–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003683.

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Michele Stephen; Desire, divine and demonic; Balinese mysticism in the paintings of I Ketut Budiana and I Gusti Nyoman Mirdiana (Andrea Acri) John Lynch (ed.); Issues in Austronesian historical phonology (Alexander Adelaar) Alfred W. McCoy; The politics of heroin; CIA complicity in the global drug trade (Greg Bankoff) Anthony Reid; An Indonesian frontier; Acehnese and other histories of Sumatra (Timothy P. Barnard) John G. Butcher; The closing of the frontier; A history of the maritime fisheries of Southeast Asia c. 1850-2000 (Peter Boomgaard) Francis Loh Kok Wah, Joakim Öjendal (eds); Southeast Asian responses to globalization; Restructuring governance and deepening democracy (Alexander Claver) I Wayan Arka; Balinese morpho-syntax: a lexical-functional approach (Adrian Clynes) Zaharani Ahmad; The phonology-morphology interface in Malay; An optimality theoretic account (Abigail C. Cohn) Michael C. Ewing; Grammar and inference in conversation; Identifying clause structure in spoken Javanese (Aone van Engelenhoven) Helen Creese; Women of the kakawin world; Marriage and sexuality in the Indic courts of Java and Bali (Amrit Gomperts) Ming Govaars; Dutch colonial education; The Chinese experience in Indonesia, 1900-1942 (Kees Groeneboer) Ernst van Veen, Leonard Blussé (eds); Rivalry and conflict; European traders and Asian trading networks in the 16th and 17th centuries (Hans Hägerdal) Holger Jebens; Pathways to heaven; Contesting mainline and fundamentalist Christianity in Papua New Guinea (Menno Hekker) Ota Atsushi; Changes of regime and social dynamics in West Java; Society, state and the outer world of Banten, 1750-1830 (Mason C. Hoadley) Richard McMillan; The British occupation of Indonesia 1945-1946; Britain, the Netherlands and the Indonesian Revolution (Russell Jones) H.Th. Bussemaker; Bersiap! Opstand in het paradijs; De Bersiapperiode op Java en Sumatra 1945-1946 (Russell Jones) Michael Heppell; Limbang anak Melaka and Enyan anak Usen, Iban art; Sexual selection and severed heads: weaving, sculpture, tattooing and other arts of the Iban of Borneo (Viktor T. King) John Roosa; Pretext for mass murder; The September 30th Movement and Suharto’s coup d’état in Indonesia (Gerry van Klinken) Vladimir Braginsky; The heritage of traditional Malay literature; A historical survey of genres, writings and literary views (Dick van der Meij) Joel Robbins, Holly Wardlow (eds); The making of global and local modernities in Melanesia; Humiliation, transformation and the nature of cultural change (Toon van Meijl) Kwee Hui Kian; The political economy of Java’s northeast coast c. 1740-1800; Elite synergy (Luc Nagtegaal) Charles A. Coppel (ed.); Violent conflicts in Indonesia; Analysis, representation, resolution (Gerben Nooteboom) Tom Therik; Wehali: the female land; Traditions of a Timorese ritual centre (Dianne van Oosterhout) Patricio N. Abinales, Donna J. Amoroso; State and society in the Philippines (Portia L. Reyes) Han ten Brummelhuis; King of the waters; Homan van der Heide and the origin of modern irrigation in Siam (Jeroen Rikkerink) Hotze Lont; Juggling money; Financial self-help organizations and social security in Yogyakarta (Dirk Steinwand) Henk Maier; We are playing relatives; A survey of Malay writing (Maya Sutedja-Liem) Hjorleifur Jonsson; Mien relations; Mountain people and state control in Thailand (Nicholas Tapp) Lee Hock Guan (ed.); Civil society in Southeast Asia (Bryan S. Turner) Jan Mrázek; Phenomenology of a puppet theatre; Contemplations on the art of Javanese wayang kulit (Sarah Weiss) Janet Steele; Wars within; The story of Tempo, an independent magazine in Soeharto’s Indonesia (Robert Wessing) REVIEW ESSAY Sean Turnell; Burma today Kyaw Yin Hlaing, Robert Taylor, Tin Maung Maung Than (eds); Myanmar; Beyond politics to societal imperatives Monique Skidmore (ed.); Burma at the turn of the 21st century Mya Than; Myanmar in ASEAN In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde no. 163 (2007) no: 1, Leiden
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Niesyto, Horst, and Winfried Marotzki. "Editorial: Visuelle Methoden in der Forschung." MedienPädagogik: Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung 9, Visuelle Methoden (June 8, 2005): i—vi. http://dx.doi.org/10.21240/mpaed/09/2005.06.08.x.

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Die Bedeutung der Bilder in der öffentlichen Kommunikation hat in den letzten Jahren stark zugenommen. Nicht umsonst spricht William Mitchell in seinem Buch «Picture Theory» (1994) von einem «pictorial turn», der sich an den «linguistic turn» anschliesse. Er konstatiert programmatisch: «we may find that the problem of the twenty-first century is the problem of the image». Betrachtet man den Bereich der erziehungs- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung unter der Perspektive, welche Bedeutung hier visuellem Material zukommt, dann stellt man nüchtern fest, dass in den Bereichen der Datenerhebung wie auch der Datenauswertung in methodologischer wie auch in methodischer Hinsicht Defizite bestehen. Das gilt für qualitative wie auch für quantitative Forschungsmethoden gleichermassen. Die wesentlichen Fortschritte qualitativer Methoden in den letzten dreissig Jahren sind beispielsweise vor allem mit neuen Entwicklungen im Bereich der Interpretation von Texten (Interviews, Gruppendiskussion, ethnografische Verfahren) verbunden. Sie stehen im Zusammenhang mit dem «linguistic turn» in den Sozialwissenschaften (konversations- und narrationsanalytische Auswertungsverfahren) und gehen einher mit einer Marginalisierung der Interpretation visueller Dokumente. Bilder wurden wesentlich auch als Texte gesehen («Die Welt als Text»). Artikulation und kommunikative Verständigung vollziehen sich aber nicht nur im Medium der Sprache und des Textes, sondern auch in demjenigen des Bildes bzw. bewegter Bilder (Film). Die Methoden zum Sprach- und Textverstehen sind relativ gut ausgearbeitet, die Methoden zur Film- und Bildinterpretation sind es im Kontext sozialwissenschaftlicher Forschung nicht. Natürlich gibt es ausgearbeitete Traditionen für die Bildinterpretation im Bereich der Kunstwissenschaft und für Filminterpretation im Bereich der Filmwissenschaft, aber hier liegen andere Fragestellungen zugrunde. Seit einigen Jahren hat eine stärkere Hinwendung zu visuellen Materialien stattgefunden. Inspiriert durch Modelle der Kunst- und Filmwissenschaft, der Medienwissenschaft und der Cultural Studies gibt es jetzt auch im deutschsprachigen Raum erste sozial-, erziehungs- und medientheoretische Versuche, visuelles Material in Forschungskontexten methodisch ernster zu nehmen. Ausdruck davon sind Publikationen wie das Handbuch «Foto- und Filmanalyse in der Erziehungswissenschaft» (Ehrenspeck/Schäffer 2003), die Tagungsdokumentation «Selbstausdruck mit Medien: Eigenproduktionen mit Medien als Gegenstand der Kindheits- und Jugendforschung» (Niesyto 2001) oder verschiedene Beiträge im Online-Magazin «MedienPädagogik» über «Methodologische Forschungsansätze» (Ausgabe 1/2001). Begonnen hatte dieser Prozess insbesondere in der Jugendforschung. So öffneten sich Teilbereiche der Jugendforschung auch für visuelle Methoden der Erhebung und Dokumentation. Zu erwähnen sind in diesem Zusammenhang u.a. Foto-Portraits im Rahmen der Shell-Jugendstudie von 1992, einzelne Projekte im Rahmen des DFG-Schwerpunktprogramms «Pädagogische Jugendforschung» (1980-1986) sowie Projekte der medienpädagogischen Praxisforschung auf der Basis von Eigenproduktionen mit Video (z.B. Projekt «VideoCulture – Video und interkulturelle Kommunikation»). Diese Eigenproduktionen können als Forschungsdaten genutzt werden; es lassen sich über sie auch weitere verbale Äusserungen anregen. Vor allem dann, wenn die sprachlichen Kompetenzen der Subjekte gering bzw. noch wenig ausgeprägt sind (Kinder, Migranten, Menschen aus benachteiligenden sozialen Milieus), ist es wichtig, non-verbale Äusserungsformen anzubieten (vgl. das aktuelle EU-Projekt «Chicam». In einer Zeit, in der Wahrnehmung und Welterleben von Kindern und Jugendlichen stark von Medienerfahrungen geprägt sind, eröffnet Forschung auf der Grundlage von Eigenproduktionen einen ergänzenden bzw. alternativen Zugang zu deren Lebenswelten. Die aktuelle Online-Ausgabe «Visuelle Methoden in der Forschung» knüpft an diesen Forschungsarbeiten und Diskussionen an und stellt mehrere Ansätze und Projektbeispiele für methodologische und methodische Reflexionen und Modelle zur Arbeit mit Visuellem und zur Interpretation solcher Materialien vor. Die Beiträge spiegeln unterschiedliche disziplinäre, thematische und methodische Zugänge zu visuellen Materialien wider und bieten zahlreiche Anregungen für Forscher/innen. Unabhängig von spezifischen Fragestellungen und Zugängen lassen sich drei Themenfelder benennen, die in unterschiedlicher Intensität und Breite in den Beiträgen deutlich werden: 1. Die Relevanz von medialen Dokumentationen und Eigenproduktionen als neuer Zugang zum Welterleben von Kindern und Jugendlichen DAVID GAUNTLETT (University of Bournemouth, UK) betont in seinem Beitrag «Using creative visual research methods to understand media audiences» vor allem die heuristische Dimension visueller Materialien und die Bedeutung künstlerisch-kreativer Ausdrucksformen, um einen Zugang zu Lebenswelten von Kindern und Jugendlichen zu erhalten und diese zu verstehen. Er plädiert für ethnografische und explorative Vorgehensweisen, die sich auf diese Ausdrucksformen und ihre Entstehungsprozesse einlassen («avoiding linearity») und nach den «mental pictures» in der Weltaneignung junger Menschen fragen. GAUNTLETT referiert eine breite Palette von künstlerisch-kreativen Ausdrucksformen und intendiert mit seinem Ansatz auch ein besseres Zusammenwirken von Forschung und Praxis. HEINZ MOSER (Pädagogische Hochschule Zürich) rekurriert in seinem Artikel «Visuelle Forschung – Plädoyer für das Medium «Fotografie» u.a. auf GAUNTLETTS Argumentation, dass visuelle Erfahrungen heute immer wichtiger für den Alltag der Menschen werden: «Wenn man deshalb auf einer visuellen Ebene operiere, spiegelten diese visuellen beziehungsweise kreativen Methoden letztlich die visuelle Natur der heutigen Medien.» Moser entwickelt in seinem Beitrag systematisch die Möglichkeiten visueller Forschung und konzentriert sich dabei auf das Medium Fotografie in ethnografischen Kontexten. Im Mittelpunkt steht das Konzept der «photo elicitation», das unter verschiedensten Labels seit langem vor allem in der Visuellen Soziologie eingesetzt wird. Der methodische Reiz liegt insbesondere in den Möglichkeiten, «räumliche Elemente einer Bildsprache mit den verzeitlichten und chronologisch aufgebauten narrativen ‹Geschichten› derjenigen, die fotografiert haben, zu verknüpfen» (MOSER). Diese Möglichkeiten werden am Beispiel von Kinderzimmer-Fotografie und Fotoberichten aus einem Züricher Migrationsprojekt konkretisiert. 2. Die Reflexion methodischer Möglichkeiten, visuelle Ausdrucksformen und Aneignungsprozesse adäquat zu dokumentieren, zu beschreiben und zu analysieren GEORG PEEZ (Universität Duisburg-Essen) rückt im Beitrag «Im Foto ist alles gleichzeitig» die Frage ins Zentrum, wie sich die Simultaneität einer Fotografie und die Sequenzialität eines sprachlichen Textes aufeinander beziehen lassen. Er setzt sich mit verschiedenen Verfahren auseinander, die darauf abzielen, Bilder – insbesondere Fotografien – sequentiell zu erschliessen, um sie einer sprachlichen Interpretation zugänglich zu machen. Unter Bezug auf die Aufzeichnungsmöglichkeit visueller Abtastbewegungen, wie sie seit geraumer Zeit in der Neuropsychologie, der Medienwirkungs- und der Medienmarktforschung praktiziert werden, sieht PEEZ in Anlehnung an den Soziologen THOMAS LOER methodische Anschlussmöglichkeiten für eine objektiv hermeneutische Bildanalyse (sukzessive Erschliessung von Bildräumen, Ermittlung «ikonischer Pfade» im Bild). Auch ULRIKE STUTZ (Kunstpädagogin, Berlin) geht es in dem Beitrag über «Ästhetische Annäherungen an Bilder in der qualitativen empirischen Forschung» um das Wechselspiel von Wahrnehmung und begrifflicher Verarbeitung, insbesondere unter Einbeziehung von ästhetischem Handeln. Ausgehend von einer rezeptionsästhetischen Bildinterpretationsmethode und einem handlungsorientierten Bildauslegungsverfahren skizziert sie am Beispiel eines kunstpädagogischen Foto- und Videoprojekts ästhetische Analysewege (Perspektbildung, Perspektivenwechsel), die auf die Rekonstruktion von Wahrnehmungsprozessen und das Neuentdecken weiterer Deutungsmöglichkeiten abzielen. SIEGLINDE JORNITZ und STEFANIE KOLLMANN (Deutsches Institut für Internationale Pädagogische Forschung, Frankfurt/Main) stellen an Beispielen aus der pädagogischen Bilddatenbank «Pictura Paedagogica Online» (DFG-Projekt) Möglichkeiten der systematischen Erschliessung von Bildern unter thematischen Aspekten vor. «Ins Bild hinein und aus dem Bild heraus» – unter diesem Titel fassen die Autorinnen ihre Erfahrungen mit der begrifflichen Verschlagwortung von Bildern zusammen. Am Beispiel des Themenbereichs «Spiel» wird aufgezeigt, wie eine Bilddatenbank als Quelle für eine historisch-pädagogische Forschung genutzt werden kann. Die gewählten Beispiele verdeutlichen den Eigenwert von Bildern gegenüber dem Text, der über bloss illustrierende Funktionen hinausgeht: Visuelle Aneignungs- und Zugangsprozesse eröffnen – entgegen einer meist textlichen Eindeutigkeit – vielfältigere Deutungsmöglichkeiten von Situationen. STEFAN ISKE und CHRISTIAN SWERTZ (Universität Bielefeld/Universität Wien) beziehen sich in ihrem Beitrag über «Methodologische Fragen der Verwendung von Bild-, Ton- und Textdaten zur Navigationsanalyse» auf aktuelle Forschungen im Bereich E-Learning. Ihre Ausgangsthese ist, dass die Untersuchung der Aneignungsprozesse von Lernenden während des E-Learning in der Forschung bislang unberücksichtigt bleibt. In methodologischer Perspektive entwickeln die Autoren eine Datentriangulation, die auf der audiovisuellen und digitalen Dokumentation von Aneignungsprozessen in hypermedialen Lernumgebungen beruht und eine weitergehende Rekonstruktion der Aneignungsprozesse möglich macht, als dies durch die Beschränkung auf Text- oder Tonaufzeichnungen möglich ist. 3. Die konzeptionelle Entwicklung und forschungspraktische Erprobung von Video-Dokumentationen und computergestützten Video-Analysen SVEN KOMMER und RALF BIERMANN (Pädagogische Hochschule Freiburg) bieten in ihrem Beitrag «Video(technik) in der erziehungswissenschaftlichen Forschung» einen Überblick über den methodologisch-methodischen Entwicklungsstand und geben konkrete Einblicke in das Projekt «Medienbiografien mit Kompetenzgewinn», das aktuell im Rahmen des Kompetenzzentrums für Genderforschung und Bildungsfragen (PH Freiburg) durchgeführt wird. Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass die ausschliessliche Nutzung von verbalen Selbstexplikationen in qualitativen Interviews nicht ausreicht, um die medialen Handlungspraxen der Befragten adäquat zu erfassen, stellen die Autoren ein Triangulations-Konzept vor, das wesentlich auf der videogestützten Beobachtung von Computerkursen beruht. Über rein methodologische Erörterungen hinausgehend werden die einzelnen Schritte der Datenerhebung sowie die Aufgaben bei der quantitativen Kodierung des aufgenommenen Videomaterials sehr konkret auf dem Hintergrund der Projekterfahrungen beschrieben. Die detaillierte Darstellung der Möglichkeiten der computergestützten Filmanalyse-Programme «Catmovie und Videograph», die für die Auswertung umfangreichen Materials geeignet sind (u.a. SPSS-Files), vermittelt eine Reihe forschungspraktischer Erfahrungswerte, die für die Planung eigener Vorhaben dienlich sein können. In einem Fazit-Kapitel halten KOMMER und BIERMANN im Hinblick auf die analysierten Befunde fest, dass sich erst über die Integration der Videodaten Erkenntnisse ergaben, die bei den Interviews von den Befragten nicht expliziert wurden und auch in einer vertiefenden Interpretation dieser Interviews nur bedingt herausgearbeitet werden konnten. PHILIPP MAYRING (Universität Klagenfurt), MICHAELA GLÄSER-ZIKUDA und SASCHA ZIEGELBAUER (Pädagogische Hochschule Ludwigsburg) stellen in ihrem Beitrag «Auswertung von Videoaufnahmen mit Hilfe der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse» ein Projektbeispiel aus der Unterrichtsforschung vor, das den Einfluss emotionaler Faktoren auf schulische Lernprozesse untersucht. Um die emotionale Befindlichkeit analysieren zu können, wurden Emotionen wie Langeweile, Freude oder Angst von SchülerInnen nicht nur nicht nur mit Hilfe von Befragungen erfasst, sondern darüber hinaus Videomitschnitte von Unterrichtsstunden angefertigt. Der Beitrag skizziert zunächst verschiedene Methoden und Instrumente zur videobasierten Unterrichtsbeobachtung, um dann am Beispiel der qualitativen Video-Inhaltsanalyse von Schüleremotionen detailliert das methodische Vorgehen unter Einbeziehen des Programms Videograph darzustellen. In der Diskussion ihrer methodischen Erfahrungen heben die AutorInnen hervor, dass die Logik der «Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse» (MAYRING) auch für Beobachtungsstudien gut anwendbar sei: Qualitative Video-Inhaltsanalyse versuche theoriegeleitet Kategorien zu definieren, genaue Zuordnungsregeln und Analyseablaufmodelle festzulegen und diese mit der Beobachterübereinstimmung zu überprüfen. Erst in der Zusammenschau von verbal und audio-visuell erhobenen Daten ergebe sich ein schlüssiges Bild der emotionalen Befindlichkeit der untersuchten Person. LARS GERHOLD und STEFAN BORNEMANN (Universität Kassel) stellen in ihrem Beitrag über «Qualitative Analyse audiovisueller Informationen mit ATLAS.ti» dar, weshalb das Videoanalyse-Programm ATLAS.ti aus ihrer Sicht besonders geeignet ist, um filmisches Material interpretativ zu erschliessen. Hervorgehoben werden – unter Verweis auf die konzeptionelle Anbindungsmöglichkeit an den Analyseansatz der Grounded Theory nach GLASER/STRAUSS – vor allem die einzelnen Komponenten der hermeneutischen Einheit (Primärdokumente, Kodes, Zitate und Memos). Die enge Verbundenheit von Analyse, Thesen- und Theorieentwicklung sei inhärenter Bestandteil sowohl der Grounded Theory als auch im strukturgebenden Umgang mit der Software ATLAS.ti. An einem Fallbeispiel aus der Nachrichtensendung «Wochenspiegel» stellen die Autoren die einzelnen Schritte des Kodierprozesses sowie die Entwicklung von Netzwerken vor. Abschliessend werden Vor- und Nachteile diskutiert und ein Ausblick auf mögliche Einsatzfelder der Filmanalyse mit ATLAS.ti gegeben. Neben den genannten Beiträgen erreichten uns weitere Artikel, die zwar auf Visualität eingingen, jedoch aus unterschiedlichen Gründen nicht zu den Intentionen des «Call for Papers» passten. Insgesamt zeigte sich ein starkes Interesse am Thema «Visuelle Methoden in der Forschung». Erfreulich ist die zunehmende Öffnung für interdisziplinär angelegte Diskurse und Projekte. Visuelle Methoden werden in den letzten Jahren in wachsendem Umfang in unterschiedlichen Forschungskontexten angewendet. Auch wenn die methodologische Diskussion und der Austausch über forschungspraktische Erfahrungen beim Einsatz visueller Methoden – gerade im Bereich computergestützter Dokumentations- und Analyseverfahren – erst begonnen haben, so zeigen doch verschiedene Beiträge in dieser Ausgabe des Online-Magazins: die Erhebung und die Zusammenschau von verbalen und nicht-verbalen Daten ist notwendig, um umfassendere Zugänge zum Welterleben von Kindern und Jugendlichen zu bekommen. Literatur Ehrenspeck, Yvonne / Schäffer, Burkhard (Hrsg.): Foto- und Filmanalyse in der Erziehungswissenschaft. Opladen 2003. Mitchell, William: Picture Theory: Essays on Verbal and Visual Representation. University of Chicago Press 1994. Niesyto, Horst (Hrsg.): Selbstausdruck mit Medien: Eigenproduktionen mit Medien als Gegenstand der Kindheits- und Jugendforschung. München 2001.
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