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1
Rottmann, Erik. His name is John!: The story of John the Baptist : Luke 1:5-80, Mark 1:1-8 for children. St. Louis, MO: Concordia Pub. House, 2007.
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2
Donais, Rosalie M. As many as received Him, to them gave He power: To become the sons of God, even to them that believe on His name, John 1:12. Tremont, IL (P.O. Box 151, Tremont 61568): Apostolic Christian Church Foundation, 1987.
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3
ill, Converse James, ed. God builds his church: Stories of God and his people from Acts, Galatians, 1 and 2 Thessalonians, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Romans, Philippians, Colossians, Ephesians, Philemon, 1 and 2 Timothy, Titus, Hebrews, Jude, James, 1 and 2 Peter, 1, 2, and 3 John, and Revelation. Scottdale, Pa: Herald Press, 1987.
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4
Following in His steps: Suffering, community, and christology in 1 Peter. Atlanta, Ga: Scholars Press, 1998.
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5
John, White. The ancient history of the Māori, his mythology and traditions: V. 1-3: Horo-Uta or Taki-Tumi Migration; v. 4-6: Tai-Nui. Christchurch [N.Z.]: Kiwi Publishers, 1997.
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6
God, his servant, and the nations in Isaiah 42:1-9: Biblical theological reflections after Brevard S. Childs and Hans Hübner. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2014.
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7
Alward, Donna, and Soraya Lane. Little Cowgirl on His Doorstep / Mission: Soldier to Daddy: 2 in 1. Harlequin Mills & Boon, Limited, 2013.
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8
Majid, Adrian, and Bruce L. Gilliam. Future Antiretrovirals, Immune-Based Strategies, and Therapeutic Vaccines. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190493097.003.0023.
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Highly active antiretroviral therapy remains the mainstay of treatment for patients chronically infected with HIV. Novel drugs, both within existing classes and new ones, are in various stages of development and testing. New medications within existing classes of antiretroviral agents are in clinical trials and will likely offer activity against resistant HIV-1 strains and provide alternatives for combination pill therapy. Novel therapeutics including oral attachment inhibitors and monoclonal antibody treatments continue to show efficacy against HIV-1 and progress in clinical trials. Tenofovir alafenamide is a prodrug that produces higher intracellular levels of tenofovir diphosphate with likely less renal and bone toxicity. Among traditional classes of HIV treatment, both doravirine (a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor) and cabotegravir (an integrase strand inhibitor) are newer agents with activity against resistant virus. Maturation inhibitors are a new class of treatment that block protease cleavage, leading to the release of an immature virion.
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Bernstein, Jeffrey A. Baruch Spinoza. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423632.003.0022.
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There is currently a paucity of literature relating to Agamben’s philosophical treatment of Spinoza (Julie Klein, Dimitris Vardoulakis and Miguel Vatter being notable exceptions).1 There has certainly been no attempt to show how Agamben’s manifold references to the seventeenth-century Dutch-Jewish philosopher form a constellation in his thought. In this chapter, I will attempt to bring those references together under the categorial headings of (1) ‘Living in the Middle Voice’ and (2) ‘The Contemplative Life as Inoperativity’. I choose these categories because Agamben’s key concern (as I read him) involves radically rethinking the figures of ‘life’ and ‘living’ as well as providing a new apologia for contemplation. First, however, a few methodological remarks.
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Cox, Josephine H., Stuart Z. Shapiro, Liza Dawson, Cynthia Geppert, Andrew M. Siegel, and M. Patricia D’Souza. Vaccines for The Prevention and Treatment of HIV Infection. Edited by Mary Ann Cohen, Jack M. Gorman, Jeffrey M. Jacobson, Paul Volberding, and Scott Letendre. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0032.
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While the HIV/AIDS pandemic continues, the overall incidence of HIV infections has fallen through use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and multiple prevention modalities. To achieve a durable end to the pandemic and avoid the requirement for daily antiretroviral medication over a lifetime, a safe and effective prophylactic vaccine remains essential. This chapter reviews current advances in prophylactic and therapeutic HIV-1 vaccine strategies and the challenges that lie ahead. Recent success in isolation of potent broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) from infected individuals, the discovery of mechanisms of bnAb induction, and progress in understanding mechanisms of CD8 T-cell killing of HIV-infected cells and the structure of the HIV envelope trimer have opened new strategies for HIV vaccine design. On the therapeutic front, the persistence of HIV reservoirs remains a formidable obstacle to achieving sustained virological remission in HIV-infected individuals after ART is discontinued. Development of a new generation of immune-based therapeutic agents might contribute to a curative intervention. The chapter closes with an overview of ethical challenges in vaccine development and clinical testing.
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McDonald, Grantley. The Johannine Comma from Erasmus to Westminster. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806837.003.0003.
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This chapter reconstructs the way early sixteenth-century humanists dealt with a textual corruption in the biblical text, the Comma Johanneum (1 John 5:7–8). The passage served as locus probandi for the doctrine of Holy Trinity, but before the fourteenth century it did not appear in versions of the New Testament other than the Latin Vulgate. In his Greek edition of the New Testament (1516) Erasmus noted the absence of the Comma and consequently omitted the passage. Critics accused him of promoting Arian heresy and promptly presented him with a Greek codex which did contain the contested lines. Besides the origin of this ‘Codex Montfortianus’, the debates caused by Erasmus’ edition are described in order to show how the passage remained a raw nerve for Roman Catholic and Reformed orthodoxy.
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Bartlett, John G., Robert R. Redfield, and Paul A. Pham. Bartlett's Medical Management of HIV Infection. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190924775.001.0001.
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With more than 30 million people living with HIV, nearly 2 million new HIV infections, and 1 million deaths in 2017 globally, the HIV epidemic continues to exert a considerable deleterious impact on the health of individuals, communities, and the economic growth of nations. However, remarkable advances have also been achieved: improvements in our scientific understanding of the biology of HIV, how it causes disease, and its prevention and treatment, coupled with unprecedented multi-sectoral global efforts, have resulted in rendering HIV infection essentially a manageable chronic disease. The 17th edition of Bartlett’s Medical Management of HIV Infection offers the best-available clinical guidance for treatment of patients with HIV, all in a portable, quick-reference format. Edited by preeminent and pioneering authorities in HIV research and clinical care, it has earned its status as the definitive work for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and anyone working in the care of persons with HIV.
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Sandkaulen, Birgit. Hegel’s First System Program and the Task of Philosophy. Edited by Dean Moyar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199355228.013.2.
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Until 1800, Hegel held that religion takes primacy over philosophy. That commitment alters fundamentally with his first publications in Jena. The Difference essay (1801) and Faith and Knowledge (1802) hold the key to the genesis of his mature thought. Chapter 1 focuses on Hegel’s efforts to define the task of philosophy and thereby to shore up his new position. Hegel’s first system program, dedicated to a holistic conception of reality, is shaped by his understanding of three central concepts: the absolute, speculation, and the system. Here the influence of Jacobi and Spinoza is formative. Critical analysis of his reception of their thought illuminates the epistemological problems Hegel was still facing in Jena and reveals the abiding convictions that will henceforth guide him. The system program of the Difference essay thus both sets the agenda and forms the template for the famous Preface to the Phenomenology of Spirit.
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Schmelz, Peter J. Alfred Schnittke's Concerto Grosso no. 1. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190653712.001.0001.
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This book provides for the first time an accessible, comprehensive study of Alfred Schnittke’s Concerto Grosso no. 1 (1977). One of Schnittke’s best-known and most compelling works, the Concerto Grosso no. 1 sounds the surface of late Soviet life, resonating as well with contemporary compositional currents around the world. This innovative monograph builds on existing publications about the Concerto Grosso no. 1 in English, Russian, and German, augmenting and complicating them. It adds new information from underused primary sources, including Schnittke’s unpublished correspondence and his many published interviews. It also engages further with his sketches for the Concerto Grosso no. 1 and contemporary Soviet musical criticism. The result is a more objective, historical appraisal of this rich, multifaceted composition. The Concerto Grosso no. 1 provided a utopian model of the contemporary soundscape. It was a decisive point in Schnittke’s development of the approach he called polystylism, which aimed to contain in a single composition the wide range of contemporary musical styles, including jazz, pop, rock, and serial music. Thanks to it and his other similar compositions, Schnittke became one of the most-performed and most-recorded living composers at the end of the twentieth century. The novel structure of this book engages the Concerto Grosso no. 1 conceptually, historically, musically, and phenomenologically: the six movements of the composition frame the six chapters. The present volume thus provides a holistic accounting of Schnittke’s Concerto Grosso no. 1, its influences, and its impact on subsequent music making in the Soviet Union and worldwide.
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Cameron, James. Rational Superiority, Crises, and Arms Control, 1961–1963. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190459925.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 describes how John F. Kennedy rose to power by articulating his own new nuclear strategy, which would use the latest advances in social and organizational sciences, combined with US superiority in nuclear weapons, to defend the United States’ national security interests. The foremost exponent of this strategy of “rational superiority” was Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara. The chapter then explains how this scheme was dealt a series of blows by Kennedy’s experiences during the Berlin and Cuban missile crises, which disabused him of the idea that nuclear superiority could be used to coerce the Soviet Union. Nevertheless, the Kennedy administration used the rhetoric of rational superiority to advance the Limited Test Ban Treaty and was planning to employ it as part of the president’s reelection campaign in 1964. Kennedy had not reconciled this gap between his public rhetoric and personal doubts at the time of his death.
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Redmayne Ross, Nancy, ed. The Diary of a Maritimer, 1816-1901. Liverpool University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780969588597.001.0001.
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This journal comprises the edited diaries of Canadian seafarer, Joseph Salter, arranged chronologically from 1839 through to 1899, chronicling the many voyages of his career. He took employment with John Leander Starr, a Halifax Merchant, between 1839 and 1841, then moved into ship owning and the purchase of the Moncton, New Brunswick shipyard in 1846. The mid-nineteenth century was a difficult time for shipping, and Salter declared bankruptcy in 1858. He continued to work in maritime industries but gradually moved toward landward business and politics, as shipping went into decline. The diaries provide a comprehensive view of the life of ship-owner, shipbuilder, ship’s agent, and shipbroker during the age of sail. The diaries are introduced by editor Nancy Ross, great-granddaughter of Salter. Chapter 1 serves as Salter’s introduction, Chapters 2 through 16 record his various voyages: to British Guiana; Jamaica; Sierra Leone; Grenada; and his maritime business dealings and later life. Interspersed with his diaries are collections of his letters and several of his renderings of ships and boats. Appendix 1 lists the vessels under his ownerships; Appendix 2 concerns patent applications; Appendix 3 details his genealogy; and Appendix 4 gives a history of the Moncton Shipyard in New Brunswick.
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Nemes, László Norbert. “Let the Whole World Rejoice!” Choral Music Education. Edited by Frank Abrahams and Paul D. Head. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199373369.013.5.
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Zoltán Kodály (1882–1967), one of the foremost figures of Hungarian culture and choral music in the twentieth century, laid the foundations of a new music pedagogical approach during the times immediately preceding and following the years of World War II. His concept of music education can be summarized into two important goals: (1) to draw more people near to classical musical art while developing the necessary skills in them for its in-depth understanding and reception, (2) to create opportunities from these precious musical experiences for the shaping of personality and the creation of valuable community bonds. Kodály Zoltán’s art was centered around choral music; singing and choral singing are of paramount importance in his educational philosophy. According to him singing was the most important tool for the development of musical literacy. And choral singing was a gateway to life-long inspiration received from the performance of masterpieces.
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Barducci, Marco. Contract, Allegiance, Protection. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754589.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 examines the way in which English authors used and interpreted Grotius as a source of absolutist doctrines. It posits two major reasons for the influence of Grotius’ arguments as they concerned the State’s stability and the total submission to sovereign authority. The first related to the repertoire of ideas he provided to his readers through his large output. The second aspect of Grotius’ success related to his capacity to concomitantly incorporate and convey a set of strands of thought about State order and political obligation that ranged from neo-Stoicism to Socinianism. Chapter 1 starts from the analysis of the political argument of the royalist members of the Great Tew Circle in the early 1640s, and it continues with the exploration of the debates concerning the origins and ends of the allegiance between subjects and the sovereign magistrate from the Civil Wars and Interregnum to the Glorious Revolution.
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Goyens, Tom. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252041051.003.0001.
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On May 30, 2012, the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation dedicated a plaque to Justus H. Schwab, who died in 1900, at the site of his Liberty Hall saloon at 50 East 1st Street on the Lower East Side.1 Born in 1847, Schwab was a German American mason by trade and one of the first anarchists in New York. He opened his saloon in 1875 or 1876, and it quickly became a “headquarters for anarchists,” as the ...
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Fischer-Lichte, Erika. Only with Beauty Man Shall Play. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199651634.003.0003.
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Chapter 1, ‘Only with Beauty Man Shall Play. Goethe’s Production of Ion in Weimar (1802)’, proceeds from Goethe’s and Schiller’s responses to the French Revolution. While Goethe hailed the Bildung of the individual—that is, the development of his potential to the full—as the substitute for a revolution, Schiller believed that it was the aesthetic education of the individual that would finally result in a free state. The production of a Greek tragedy as an autonomous work of art that precluded the formation of empathy in the spectator (contrary to the domestic tragedy) was supposed to offer the spectator the possibility of aesthetic distance and thus enable him to acquire Bildung. To this end, Goethe developed a completely new aesthetics that the majority of spectators rejected—Ion turned out to be a flop.
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O’Collins, SJ, Gerald. The New Testament as Inspired by the Old Testament. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824183.003.0003.
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2 Timothy 3: 16–17 and 2 Peter 1: 20–1 reflect on the production and inspiring impact of Old Testament texts. The Old Testament inspires the New Testament. Scriptures ‘inspired’ Jesus’ sense of his own identity and prophetic mission (e.g. as Son of man) and some of his teaching. He took up the Scriptures to innovate on matters like love of God and neighbour. Matthew, also inspired by Scripture, appealed to texts that commented authoritatively on the story of Jesus. Biblical interpretation was central to Paul’s teaching. Isaiah gave an inspired and inspiring encouragement to the apostle’s ministry. Over half the verses of the Book of Revelation quote from or allude to the Old Testament Scriptures: above all, Isaiah, Ezekiel, and Daniel. The author was conscious of a God-given, prophetic authority. This book has enjoyed an inspiring impact on the Christian imagination (e.g. Dürer’s woodcuts and Dante’s Divine Comedy).
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Zumstein, Jean. The Purpose of the Ministry and Death of Jesus in the Gospel of John. Edited by Judith M. Lieu and Martinus C. de Boer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198739982.013.19.
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The paratext of the narrative, i.e. the Prologue (1:1–18) and the conclusion (20:30–31), specify the identity of the Johannine Jesus. The dominant perspective in John’s presentation of the person of Jesus is that of the envoy. This Christology of the envoy constitutes the hermeneutical matrix of the story. This enables a career of three phases for Jesus in John: The first focuses on his pre-existence and the incarnation. The second, which takes place in the fulfilment of his mission, is realized in the signs he performs and the words he speaks in both dialogues and discourses. The third and last phase is the return of Jesus to the Father through the cross. The interpretation of Jesus’ death occupies an important place in the Gospel from the beginning. The Christology of the envoy in three phases leads the reader to a new understanding of monotheism.
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DeJonge, Michael P. The Free Responsible Action of the Individual. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824176.003.0014.
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If, as Chapter 12 argues, much of Bonhoeffer’s resistance thinking remains stable even as he undertakes the novel conspiratorial resistance, what is new in his resistance thinking in the third phase? What receives new theological elaboration is the resistance activity of the individual, which in the first two phases was overshadowed by the resistance role played by the church. Indeed, as this chapter shows, Bonhoeffer’s conspiratorial activity is associated with what he calls free responsible action (type 6), and this is the action of the individual, not the church, in the exercise of vocation. As such, the conspiratorial activity is most closely related to the previously developed type 1 resistance, which includes individual vocational action in response to state injustice. But the conspiratorial activity differs from type 1 resistance as individual vocational action in the extreme situation.
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McGuckin, John Anthony. St Gregory of Nyssa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826422.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 gives Biographical background and studies the historical context(s) of Gregory of Nyssa and his close family members, situating them as aristocratic and long-established Christian leaders of the Cappadocian area. It offers along with the course of Gregory’s Vita a general outline of the main philosophical and religious controversies of his era, particularly his ecclesiastical involvement in the Neo-Nicene apologetical movement associated with the leadership of his brother Basil (of Caesarea), which he himself inherited in Cappadocia, with imperial approval, after 380. It concludes with a review of Gregory’s significance as author: in terms of his style as a writer, his work as an exegete, his body of spiritual teaching, and lastly, the manner in which his reputation waxed and waned from antiquity to the present.
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Hazzard, Oli. ‘the barbarous wastes’. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822011.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 describes Ashbery’s relationship with W. H. Auden in a new way, attending as much to the substantial, productive antagonisms between the two poets as to developing important continuities outlined by earlier critics. It positions The Vermont Notebook—an underrated volume in Ashbery’s oeuvre—as the critical point in Ashbery’s response to his mentor. The chapter argues that The Vermont Notebook serves as a trenchant critique of the turn towards conservatism in Auden’s poetry and cultural outlook after his move to the US in 1939. Through his homage to and appropriation of techniques from The Orators, Ashbery attempts to bring the innovative and versatile early Auden out from the shadow of his later self.
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Roman, Eve, Alexandra Smith, and Lorelei Mucci. Leukemias. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190676827.003.0028.
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Leukemias are a diverse group of acute and chronic haematological malignancies, that account for 2% to 3% of cancers globally. Recent advances in molecular biology and therapy have transformed the landscape for several leukemia subtypes changing some, but by no means all, from rapidly fatal diseases to treatable conditions with a good prognosis. In general, however, this progress has not been matched by new aetiological insights. Albeit accounting for a relatively small proportion, genetic predisposition syndromes such as neurofibromatosis, Li-Fraumeni and Trisomy 21, have the biggest impact in children and young adults. At older ages, established chemical, physical and biological risk factors, which explain only a small proportion of the total disease burden, include chemotherapy for a preceding cancer, ionizing radiation, and the viral infections human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) which causes the rare adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) which is associated with an increased risk of acute lymphoid leukaemias. Workplace exposures to potential carcinogens such as benzene, butadiene, and styrene have also been linked to increased risk of leukemia.
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Gamble, Ruth. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190690779.003.0001.
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The introduction begins with a brief overview of Rangjung Dorje’s life. It describes his birth in the high Himalaya in southern Tibet, his recognition as the reincarnation of the second Karmapa, Karma Pakshi (1204–1283), his studies, his teaching and meditation career, and his journey to the Mongolian capitals of Dadu and Xanadu. It then gives an overview of the book’s primary topic, Tibet’s reincarnation traditions and institutions, and outlines Rangjung Dorje’s role in their invention. The introduction next describes the book’s theoretical framework; it highlights the book’s use of the New Historicist approach to Rangjung Dorje’s writings and its focus on the twin themes of time and place in his writing. A final overview explains that part 1 will examine several phenomena key to the reincarnation tradition’s development and part 2 will analyze how they influenced Rangjung Dorje’s life story.
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Colesworthy, Rebecca. Marcel Mauss and the Turn to the Gift. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778585.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 takes a cue from recent anthropologists who have stressed the influence of Mauss’s socialism on his sociological work. Returning to Mauss’s The Gift, the chapter argues that what links his essay to the experimental writing of his literary contemporaries is not their shared fascination with the primitive, as other critics have suggested, but rather their shared investment in reimagining social possibilities within market society. Mauss was, as his biographer notes, an “Anglophile.” Shedding light on his admiration of British socialism and especially the work of Beatrice and Sidney Webb—friends of Virginia and Leonard Woolf—as well as competing usages of the language of “gifts” in the social sciences and the arts, the chapter ultimately provides a new material and conceptual framework for understanding the intersection of largely French gift theory and Anglo-American modernist writing.
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Rondinone, Troy. The Tournament. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037375.003.0008.
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This chapter details the rising popularity of Gaspar Ortega. Since his first televised fight in March 1956, Gaspar Ortega had ascended from the mass of the unranked to nearly the top of his class. Coming into 1957, he was the number two-ranked welterweight in the world. He had won five straight matches against top-notch boxers. His odd style had “caught the fancy of fight fans and fistic experts alike,” enthused one sportswriter. He was “lithe and graceful” and possessed “dazzling speed,” which made for great TV. On November 1, 1957, Julius Helfand, chairman of the World Championship Committee and New York State Athletic Commission, announced the six contenders for the upcoming “official” welterweight tournament: George Barnes, Virgil Akins, Isaac Logart, Vince Martinez, Gil Turner, and Gaspar Ortega.
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Meyer, Michel. The basic features of the history of rhetoric. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199691821.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 considers the essential reference points in the history of rhetoric. Plato, Aristotle, Cicero, Quintilian, as well as the main transformations of rhetoric up to the twentieth century, are considered in detail. Plato based his theory of rhetoric on pathos or the manipulation of the audience through its emotions. Aristotle provided a theory of logos which allows rigorous science as well as rhetorical inference (enthymeme). Cicero grounded his new approach to rhetoric by giving a privileged role to the speaker or ethos. In its various revivals in the twentieth century, rhetoric continued this practice of granting primacy to either ethos, pathos, or logos; the various authors who participated in this renewal in the last century therefore followed in the footsteps of either Plato, Aristotle, or Cicero. It is now time for a synthesis with a new starting point: questioning.
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Rizvi, Sajjad, and Ahab Bdaiwi. ʿAllāma Ṭabāṭabāʾī (d. 1981),. Edited by Khaled El-Rouayheb and Sabine Schmidtke. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199917389.013.32.
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In modern Shiʿi intellectual history, Sayyid Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ṭabāṭabāʾī (d. 1981) stands out as the most important and influential philosopher and exegete in the twentieth century. The chapter is divided into parts: the first an account detailing his career and the intellectual milieu in which he lived; the second an exposition of his philosophical ideas, showing that Ṭabāṭabāʾī (1) formulated a realist theory of epistemology to combat skepticism; (2) rehearsed the traditional ontological proof for the existence of God for the new-theology of post-war Shiʿi intellectual history; (3) went to great lengths to demonstrate how philosophy could contribute to a more rigorous theological response to modernity; (4) provided the philosophy of being, championed by Mullā Ṣadrā (d. 1635), with a new impetus by stressing above all else the rationalistic facet of the tradition; and (5) reoriented philosophy to augment theological positions articulated in response to the challenges of modernity.
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Curtis, Cathy. Caretaking and Cave Paintings. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190498474.003.0010.
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In late 1975, Elaine bought a house in East Hampton, giving up her New York studio. She had come to rescue Bill from alcohol addiction. But she also traveled abroad, including trips to the Paleolithic caves in France and Spain, which provided subject matter for her last major painting series and a suite of prints. At home, she looked after Bill, worked in her studio, and roamed the beach with artist Connie Fox. Courtney Ross produced a documentary about Bill with commentary by Elaine, who served as his spokesperson as his dementia worsened. A partial lobectomy failed to stop the recurrence of Elaine’s lung cancer, yet she remained in high spirits, trying to work on her memoir. But immediately after the opening of her cave painting show at Fischbach Gallery, she was hospitalized. Elaine died on February 1, 1989; tributes at her New York memorial service lasted nearly three hours.
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Rebeggiani, Stefano. Riding among the stars. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190251819.003.0003.
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This chapter focuses on solar imagery in the Thebaid and its political and ideological implications. It begins by surveying uses of solar symbols in Rome prior to Domitian and in Domitian’s time. It shows that solar symbolism was extensively employed by Domitian and his entourage. In his exploitation of solar symbols, Domitian appropriated one of the most distinctive features of Nero’s self-representation. The chapter discusses Statius’ ability to navigate the ambiguities of Domitian’s relationship with Nero through a skillful use of solar imagery. In particular, this chapter provides a new reading of the chariot race in book 6 of the Thebaid. It also analyzes Amphiaraus’ death and succession in books 7 and 8, and Adrastus’ hymn to Apollo in book 1 of the Thebaid.
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Boutcher, Warren. The School of Montaigne in Early Modern Europe. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739661.001.0001.
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This major two-volume study offers an interdisciplinary analysis of Montaigne’s Essais and their fortunes in early modern Europe and the modern Western university. Volume 1 focuses on contexts from within Montaigne’s own milieu, and on the ways in which his book made him a patron-author or instant classic in the eyes of his editor Marie de Gournay and his promoter Justus Lipsius. Volume 2 focuses on the reader-writers across Europe who used the Essais to make their own works, from corrected editions and translations in print, to life-writing and personal records in manuscript. The two volumes work together to offer a new picture of the book’s significance in literary and intellectual history. The school of Montaigne potentially included everyone in early modern Europe with occasion and means to read and write for themselves and for their friends and family, unconstrained by an official function or scholastic institution. The Essais were shaped by the post-Reformation battle to regulate the educated individual’s judgement in reading and acting upon the two books bequeathed by God to man. The book of scriptures and the book of nature were becoming more accessible through print and manuscript cultures. But at the same time that access was being mediated more intensively by teachers such as clerics and humanists, by censors and institutions, by learned authors of past and present, and by commentaries and glosses upon those authors. Montaigne enfranchised the unofficial reader-writer with liberties of judgement offered and taken in the specific historical conditions of his era.
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Wicks, Robert L., ed. The Oxford Handbook of Schopenhauer. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190660055.001.0001.
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This collection of thirty-one essays written by contemporary Schopenhauer scholars has six sections: (1) Influences on Schopenhauer, (2) Schopenhauer’s Metaphysics of Will and Empirical Knowledge, (3) Aesthetic Experience, Music, and the Sublime, (4) Human Meaning, Politics, and Morality, (5) Religion and Schopenhauer’s Philosophy, and (6) Schopenhauer’s Influence. Some of the issues addressed concern the extent to which Schopenhauer adopted ideas from his predecessors versus how much was original and visionary in his central claim that reality is a blind, senseless “will,” the effectiveness of his philosophy in the field of scientific explanation and extrasensory phenomena, the role of beauty and sublimity in his outlook, the fundamental role of compassion in his moral theory, the Hindu, Christian, and Buddhistic aspects of his philosophy, the importance of asceticism in his views on how best to live, how pessimism and optimism should be understood, and his impact on psychoanalysis, as well as upon music, the visual arts, and literature. The collection is an internationally constituted work that reflects upon Schopenhauer’s philosophy with authors from a variety of backgrounds, presently working in Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Ecuador, England, France, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland, Spain, and the United States.
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Myers, Alicia D. Salvation and Childbearing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190677084.003.0005.
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Augustus’s prioritization of family life to promote his own masculinity resulted in a simultaneous emphasis on motherhood in the Roman world. Not only did motherhood advertise a man’s masculine purposing of his woman/wife, but it was also a legitimate path to increased agency for free(d) women. Situated in this context, New Testament and other early Christian traditions offer varying constructions of “feminine virtue,” some of which prioritize or assume motherhood and others of which downplay or even reject it. This chapter examines these themes in the Pastoral Epistles, New Testament household codes (Col 3:18–4:3; Eph 5:21–6:9; 1 Pet 2:9–3:12), the Acts of Thecla, Acts of Andrew, and the Martyrdom of Perpetua and Felicitas. In their sustained wrestling with and formations of Christian gender(s), these writings present salvation as masculinization for all followers of Christ, but they disagree on whether motherhood should be a part of this process.
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Irving, Washington. The Sketch-Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. Edited by Susan Manning. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199555819.001.0001.
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The Sketch-Book (1820–1) looks simultaneously towards audiences on both sides of the Atlantic, as Irving explores the uneasy relationship of an American writer to English literary traditions. He sketches a series of encounters with the cultural shrines of the parent nation, and in two brilliant experiments with tales transplanted from Europe creates the first classic American short stories, ‘Rip Van Winkle’ and ‘The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow’. The result was not only a hugely successful travel book; it exerted a strong formative influence on American writers from Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe to Henry James, and is well worth rediscovery in its own right today. Based on Irving’s final revision of his most popular work, this new edition includes comprehensive explanatory notes of The Sketch-Book’s sources for the modern reader. In her introduction, Susan Manning suggests that the author forged a new idiom, the ‘Literary Picturesque’, to accommodate and turn to advantage his dilemma of dual literary allegiances.
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McNaughton, James. “The same old mouldy words”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822547.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 develops Beckett’s “Politics of Aftermath.” In letters, Beckett expresses mistrust of “the usual” political positions, a mistrust rooted less in disengagement than in how political language loses its capacity to properly evaluate. Beckett learned these lessons crisply in the Irish Free State, and he applies them to political claims made for modernism and the avant-garde. More, he brings his frustration with exhausted conceptual models into his fiction. With new readings of More Pricks than Kicks, this chapter shows how Beckett’s collection fictionalizes sensational aspects of Irish political history, in particular state executions and big-house fires, the better to critique the Free State’s inability to examine its foundational violence and to warn against fascism emerging across Europe. Beckett’s personal attention to slogan and cliché and, in his creative writing, to the erasure of historical reference and the evacuation of political meanings, are specific analytical responses to encrusted political interpretations.
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Grand vocal & instrumental concert: Under the patronage of His Excellency Governor Seymour, in aid of the funds of the Hyack Engine co. No. 1, the above entertainment will take place on Thursday, February 9, 1865 ... [New Westminster, B.C.?: s.n., 1987.
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Teubner, Jonathan D. The Augustinianism 1 of the Opuscula sacra. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198767176.003.0008.
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Chapter 5 presents the first of two cases of the reception of Augustine’s understanding of prayer. This chapter treats Boethius’ Opuscula sacra (Theological Tractates). In these five little treatises, Boethius’ debt to Augustine is explicit, as seen most clearly in his references to prayer (à la Augustinianism 1) . The textual focus of this chapter will be on Boethius’ most developed theological treatises (OSI and OSV). It will be demonstrated that in these treatises Boethius’ primary references to prayer (deprecari and vota) are informed by Augustine, as both the terminologies and argumentative contexts overlap. This chapter provides the groundwork for the following chapter, in which a new interpretation of the Consolation of Philosophy is presented.
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Yü, Ying-shih. Chinese History and Culture. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231178587.001.0001.
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The recipient of the Kluge Prize for lifetime achievement in the humanities, Ying-shih Yü is a premier scholar of Chinese studies. Chinese History and Culture volumes 1 and 2 bring his extraordinary oeuvre to English-speaking readers. Spanning two thousand years of social, intellectual, and political change, the essays in these volumes investigate two central questions through all aspects of Chinese life: what core values sustained this ancient civilization through centuries of upheaval, and in what ways did these values survive in modern times? From Yü Ying-shih’s perspective, the Dao, or the Way, constitutes the inner core of Chinese civilization. His work explores the unique dynamics between Chinese intellectuals’ discourse on the Dao, or moral principles for a symbolized ideal world order, and their criticism of contemporary reality throughout Chinese history. Volume 1 of Chinese History and Culture explores how the Dao was reformulated, expanded, defended, and preserved by Chinese intellectuals up to the seventeenth century, guiding them through history’s darkest turns. Essays incorporate the evolving conception of the soul and the afterlife in pre- and post-Buddhist China, the significance of eating practices and social etiquette, the move toward greater individualism, the rise of the Neo-Daoist movement, the spread of Confucian ethics, and the growth of merchant culture and capitalism. A true panorama of Chinese culture’s continuities and transition, Yü Ying-shih’s two-volume Chinese History and Culture gives readers of all backgrounds a unique education in the meaning of Chinese civilization.
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Conley, Tom. Montaigne on Alterity. Edited by Philippe Desan. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190215330.013.41.
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Designating what is strange, or unknown, alterity stands at the core of the Essays. Inquiring of what escapes or exceeds representation, the essays embody a relation d’inconnu, a term to describe a basic condition of life, felt acutely when we realize that reason can inform us neither about why we are in the world nor about the nature of death. Montaigne gets at alterity through bodily alienation and alteration. Four areas are keynote: (1) alterity of the New World that acquires political inflection in “Of cannibals” and “Of coaches”; (2) his bodily alteration in the Travel Journal, when, plagued with urinary stones, he travels to Italy; (3) the enigma of biological life, when, following a brush with death and a fantasy of birth in “Of practice,” Montaigne fathoms the inner folds of his body; (4) resolutely, in the monstrous form and execution of the “Apology for Raymond Sebond.”
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Schaflechner, Jürgen. The Struggle Over Truth. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190850524.003.0002.
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In the first chapter, the author evaluates the various possibilities to engage with the empirical material collected for this book. Due to the shrine’s new accessibility, paired with its recent institutionalization, many formerly disconnected practices and narratives started to meet on a regular basis. Doing fieldwork at the site, together with engaging with a variety of texts and other media, the author was confronted with the question of how to organize all of these voices that uniformly claimed to speak the truth about the shrine and its annexed practices. Chapter 1 elaborates on the theoretical foundations of this work through a concept the author calls “the solidification of tradition.” Utilizing newer anthropological theories of the ontological turn and supplementing them with the political philosophy of post-foundationalism helps the author to produce his own engagement with the various truth-claims encountered during his research.
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Sole, Richard, and Santiago F. Elena. Viruses as Complex Adaptive Systems. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691158846.001.0001.
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Viruses are everywhere, infecting all sorts of living organisms, from the tiniest bacteria to the largest mammals. Many are harmful parasites, but viruses also play a major role as drivers of our evolution as a species and are essential regulators of the composition and complexity of ecosystems on a global scale. This book draws on complex systems theory to provide a fresh look at viral origins, populations, and evolution, and the coevolutionary dynamics of viruses and their hosts. New viruses continue to emerge that threaten people, crops, and farm animals. Viruses constantly evade our immune systems, and antiviral therapies and vaccination campaigns can be powerless against them. These unique characteristics of virus biology are a consequence of their tremendous evolutionary potential, which enables viruses to quickly adapt to any environmental challenge. This book presents a unified framework for understanding viruses as complex adaptive systems. It shows how the application of complex systems theory to viral dynamics has provided new insights into the development of AIDS in patients infected with HIV-1, the emergence of new antigenic variants of the influenza A virus, and other cutting-edge advances. The book also extends the analogy of viruses to the evolution of other replicators such as computer viruses, cancer, and languages.
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Norpoth, Helmut. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190882747.003.0008.
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On the day Franklin Roosevelt died, as reported on the front page of the New York Times, the “armies and fleets under his direction as Commander in Chief were at the gates of Berlin and the shores of Japan.”1 That very day, April 12, 1945, soldiers of the Ninth Army surged to within fifty miles west of Berlin, with the Russians closing in on the German capital from the east. In the Pacific, the First Marine Division, along with other elements of the largest amphibious task force assembled in that theater of operation, had just landed on the island of Okinawa, commencing the final battle against Japanese forces. Victory over Germany and Japan was in sight. In the last poll that probed the president’s approval before his death, he stood tall in the estimate of the American people: 71 percent approved of the way he handled his job. It is a rating that, through nearly three-quarters of a century since then, none of his successors, from Truman to Obama, has come close to at the end of his tenure. It is doubtful that any of FDR’s predecessors, except for Washington and Lincoln, and perhaps Theodore Roosevelt, left office on such a high note either....
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Hazzard, Oli. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822011.003.0001.
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This is an account of John Ashbery’s career in which, as he puts it in ‘Grand Galop’, the ‘minor eras / Take on an importance all out of proportion to the story’.1 The ‘minority’ of any part of any story is, of course, a relational status always open to dispute, but in the available narratives of Ashbery’s life and work his personal and textual engagements with contemporaneous English poets have, up to this point, occupied a certifiably marginal position. This is unsurprising. When compared with the most ambitious, compelling narratives of Ashbery’s place within literary history—portraying him as a late Romantic, a Francophile avant-gardist, or a coterie poet of the New York School, among many other possible identities—concentrating on his English connections might seem a limited perspective from which to view his work. Yet because the idea of ‘minority’ was a central preoccupation for Ashbery throughout his career, it is apt to discover that many of the important, enduring points of interest which occupied his poetry and poetics—the relation of the margin to the centre, the ways in which art represents the historical moment of its composition, the processes by which canons are formed, the methods through which aesthetic ‘strength’ and ‘weakness’ are determined, the connection between national identities and traditions and individual poetic expression—are foregrounded and illuminated when raised within such a ‘minor’ context. The limitation of scope in this study—which attends to Ashbery’s relationships with W. H. Auden, F. T. Prince, Lee Harwood and Mark Ford—allows for a localized, concentrated sample of his writing to be attended to, and obliquely to substantiate or complicate our understanding of more general themes or practices in his oeuvre. Ashbery’s body of work is broad and varied enough to justify its fragmentation into specific sub-categories, which in combination will allow for a larger, more comprehensive and more complex picture of this inexhaustible poet to be presented. This book hopes to make three central contributions to that broader picture: to demonstrate the significance of Anglo-American contexts to Ashbery’s work, to illustrate his importance ...
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Ng, Julia. Gershom Scholem. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423632.003.0030.
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Giorgio Agamben’s earliest encounter with Gershom Scholem concerns an essay from 1972 entitled ‘Walter Benjamin and his Angel’,1 Scholem’s first attempt to provide a definitive account of Benjamin’s legacy. At its centre was a short text entitled ‘Agesilaus Santander’, which Benjamin composed on 12 and 13 August 1933 as a gift for the Dutch painter Anna Maria Blaupot ten Cate. In the text, the narrator is first given a ‘secret’ Jewish name, which is then revealed to contain an image of the ‘New Angel’ as well as a ‘female’ and ‘male’ form. Before naming himself as such, the ‘new angel’ presents himself as one of a host of angels that God creates at every given moment, whose only task, according to the Kabbalah, is to sing God’s praises at His throne before returning to the void. By sending his ‘feminine aspect’ to the masculine one, however, the angel has only strengthened the narrator’s ‘ability to wait’; even when face to face with the woman he awaits he does not fall upon her because ‘he wants happiness: […] the conflict in which the rapture of that which happens just once [des Einmaligen], the new, the as-yet-unlived is combined with the bliss of experiencing something once more [des Nocheinmal], of possessing once again, of having lived’. Thus, the narrator continues, ‘he has nothing new to hope for on any road other than the road home’ to the future whence he came, where the as-yet-unlived will have been lived.
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Hall, Edith, ed. New Light on Tony Harrison. British Academy, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197266519.001.0001.
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This volume of essays arose from a conference which marked the 80th birthday of prizewinning British poet Tony Harrison on 30 April 2017 and with his agreement constitutes his ‘official’ Festschrift. The contributors include practising poets, playwrights, specialists in Classics, Theatre, Translation Studies, English and World Literature, and professionals in media (radio, newspapers, TV and film) where Harrison’s extensive work has been least researched. The aim of the volume is to open up new approaches to the understanding of the work of one of our most important poets. Although it is indeed intended to provide the substantial and sufficiently comprehensive contribution to Harrison scholarship that his official eight-decades-alive merit, and the Editor’s Introduction to the volume is sensitive to the needs of the reader in terms of bibliographical signposts, the four sections focus primarily on areas that have been hitherto little explored: (1) his more recent poems; (2) the continuation of his relationship with ancient theatre after the landmark Oresteia and Trackers of the 1980–1990 decade, his evolving dramatic relationship with Euripides, and with French authors (Hugo, Molière, Racine); (3) the international angle. This entails both the profound contribution made to his work by his periods of residence abroad, in Africa, North America, Moscow and Prague, and his popularity in French and Italian translation (both European translators have agreed to speak); (4) his extensive body of poems (about which almost nothing has been published) written specifically for delivery in the media of film, television and radio.
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Whyte, Jessica. Karl Marx. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423632.003.0028.
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In the concluding volume of his Homo Sacer project, The Use of Bodies, Giorgio Agamben briefly turns to Marx to distinguish his own account of what he terms ‘inoperativity’ from a Marxist account of production. Accepting Marx’s account of the decisive relationship between production, social relationships and culture, he nonetheless suggests that Marx neglected the forms of inoperativity that exist within every mode of production, opening it to a new use. ‘One-sidedly focused on the analysis of forms of production, Marx neglected the analysis of the forms of inoperativity’, he writes, ‘and this lack is certainly at the bottom of some of the aporias of his thought, in particularly as concerns the definition of human activity in the classless society’ (UB 94). Agamben’s reference to Marx is typically brief and enigmatic, and he neither expands on the claim that Marx, the thinker of the classless society, neglected inoperativity, nor identifies the aporias to which he refers. Nonetheless, in these brief and enigmatic remarks we find the crystallisation of a position developed in works stretching back to Agamben’s first book, The Man Without Content. Marx remains a subterranean influence on Agamben’s thought, and the diverse accounts of his work throughout Agamben’s oeuvre oscillate between critiques of his supposed productivism and praise for his thematisation of a non-substantive, self-negating subject.1 It is in the course of this oscillation that Agamben has clarified his own accounts of both political subjectivity and inoperativity.
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Boyd, Barbara Weiden. Fathers and Sons, Part Two: Paternity as Paradigm. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680046.003.0005.
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Chapter 4 continues the exploration of the poetics of paternity begun in chapter 2. The father-son relationship is a productive one for Ovid, both thematically and metatextually, and he explores its implications in a number of other episodes or poems that are not explicitly Homeric in origin but that bear the stamp of Ovid’s Homeric engagement. The Daedalus and Icarus story in Metamorphoses Book 8 sets the stage for the discussion. The chapter then considers the Phaethon story of Metamorphoses Books 1 and 2, in which Phaethon undergoes a metamorphosis himself as he abandons his earlier role model Telemachus for a new and less auspicious one, Astyanax. Finally, the chapter examines the narratives concerning the catasterism of Julius Caesar and the arrival of Aesculapius in Rome, both in Metamorphoses Book 15.