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Journal articles on the topic 'HIV (Viruses) – Burkina Faso'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Ouedraogo, Henri G., Seni Kouanda, Sara Goodman, Hermann Biènou Lanou, Odette Ky-Zerbo, Benoît C. Samadoulougou, Charlemagne Dabire, et al. "Hepatitis B, C and Delta Viruses’ Infections and Correlate Factors Among Female Sex Workers in Burkina Faso, West-Africa." Open Virology Journal 13, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874357901913010009.

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Background:Female Sex Workers (FSW) have increased vulnerability to viral hepatitis B, C and D transmission. Our study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C and D viruses and their associated factors among FSW in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study among FSW at least 18 years old in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Data were collected from February 2013 to May 2013 using Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS). Hepatitis B, C, and D tests were performed on FSW storage serums using fourth generation ELISA kits. Survey-weighted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version 14 to identify factors associated with viral hepatitis infections.Results:Population-weighted prevalence of viral hepatitis infections in FSW was respectively 18.2% (95%CI: 14.4-22.9) for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), 10.6% (95%CI: 07.5-14.8) for Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and 1.5% (95Cl: 0.2-10.3) for Hepatitis D Virus (HDV). Factors independently associated with HCV include positive HIV status, inconsistent condom use during the last 12 months, condom reuse with clients, sex with clients in the street, bars or public gardens. No sociodemographic or behavioral factors were independently associated with HBV infection.Conclusion:The prevalence of HBV and HCV was high among FSW and the prevalence of HDV was relatively low in this group in Burkina Faso. These findings suggest urgent and comprehensive prevention of these viruses through education for safer sex and behaviors, and immunization against HBV for FSW.

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Fonjungo, Peter N., Marcia L. Kalish, Amanda Schaefer, Mark Rayfield, Jennifer Mika, Laura E. Rose, Orville Heslop, Robert Soudré, and Danuta Pieniazek. "Recombinant Viruses Initiated the Early HIV-1 Epidemic in Burkina Faso." PLoS ONE 9, no. 3 (March 19, 2014): e92423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0092423.

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YOODA, Arzouma Paul, Serge Theophile SOUBEIGA, Kompingnin Yacouba NEBIE, Birama DIARRA, Salam SAWADOGO, Abdoul Karim OUATTARA, Dorcas OBIRI-YEBOAH, et al. "IMPACT OF MULTIPLEX PCR IN REDUCING THE RISK OF RESIDUAL TRANSFUSION-TRANSMITTED HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUSES IN BURKINA FASO." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 10, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): e2018041. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2018.041.

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Background and ObjectiveThe improved performance of serological tests has significantly reduced the risk of human immunodeficiency and hepatitis B and C viruses transmission by blood transfusion, but there is a persistence of residual risk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of multiplex PCR in reducing the risk of residual transmission of these viruses in seronegative blood donors in Burkina Faso.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September 2017. The serological tests were performed on sera using ARCHITECTSR i1000 (Abbot diagnosis, USA). Detection of viral nucleic acids was performed by multiplex PCR on mini-pools of seronegative plasma for HBV, HCV and HIV using SaCycler-96 Real Time PCR v.7.3 (Sacace Biotechnologies). Multiplex PCR-positive samples from these mini-pools were then individually tested by the same method.Results A total of 989 donors aged 17 to 65 were included in the present study. "Repeat donors" accounted for 44.79% (443/989). Seroprevalences for HIV, HBV, and HCV were 2.53% (25/989), 7.28% (72/989) and 2.73% (27/989), respectively. Of the 14 co-infections detected, HBV/HCV was the most common with 0.71% (7/989) of cases. Of 808 donations tested by multiplex PCR, 4.70% (38/808) were positive for HBV while no donation was positive for HIV or HCV.Conclusion: Our study showed a high residual risk of HBV transmission through blood transfusion. Due to the high prevalence of blood-borne infections in Burkina Faso, we recommend the addition of multiplex PCR to serologic tests for optimal blood donation screening.

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Tao, Issouf, Cyrille Bisseye, Bolni Marius Nagalo, Mahamoudou Sanou, Alice Kiba, Guzin Surat, Tegwinde Rebecca Compaore, et al. "SCREENING OF HEPATITIS G AND EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUSES AMONG VOLUNTARY NON REMUNERATED BLOOD DONORS (VNRBD) IN BURKINA FASO, WEST AFRICA." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 5, no. 1 (September 2, 2013): e2013053. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2013.053.

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In most sub-Saharan countries screening of blood-transmitted infections includes mainly HIV, HBV, HCV and syphilis. Many viruses such as Hepatitis G (HGV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) which also carry a risk of transmission by blood transfusion raise the question of the extent of screening for these pathogens. This work aims to evaluate the prevalence of HGV and EBV in first-time blood donors in Ouagadougou. The prevalence of HGV and EBV in 551 blood donors was 7.4% and 5.4% respectively. HGV prevalence was significantly higher in blood donors with hepatitis B antigens and positive for HCV compared to donors negative for HCV and no hepatitis B antigens (respectively p<0.001 and p=0.004). EBV prevalence was higher among blood donors of < 20 years age group. This study shows significant results with regard to the prevalence of HGV and EBV prevalence in blood donors in Burkina Faso and emphasizes the need for a general screening.

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TRAORE, Lassina, Ouéogo NIKIEMA, Abdoul Karim OUATTARA, Tegwindé Rébéca COMPAORE, Serge Théophile SOUBEIGA, Birama DIARRA, Dorcas OBIRI-YEBOAH, et al. "EBV AND HHV-6 CIRCULATING SUBTYPES IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV IN BURKINA FASO, IMPACT ON CD4 T CELL COUNT AND HIV VIRAL LOAD." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 9, no. 1 (September 1, 2017): 2017049. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2017.049.

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Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) and Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) are responsible for severe diseases, particularly in immunocompromised persons. There are poor data on the infection with these opportunistic viruses in Burkina Faso.The purpose of this study is to characterize EBV and HHV-6 subtypes and to assess their impact on CD4 T cell count, HIV-1 viral load and antiretroviral treatment in people living with HIV-1.The study population consisted of 238 HIV-positive patients with information on CD4 count, HIV-1 viral load and HAART. Venous blood samples collected on EDTA tubes were used for EBV and HHV-6 Real Time PCR subtyping.An infection rate of 6.7% (16/238) and 7.1% (17/238) were found respectively for EBV and HHV-6 in the present study. Among EBV infections, similar prevalences were noted for both subtypes (3.9% [9/238] for EBV-1 vs 4.6% [11/238] for EBV-2) with 2.1% (5/238) of co-infection. HHV-6A infection represented 6.3% (15/238) of the study population against 5.0% (12/238) for HHV-6B. . EBV-2 infection was significantly higher in patients with CD4 count ≥ 500 compared to those with CD4 count less than 500 cells (1.65% vs 8.56%, p = 0,011). The prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 infections were almost similar in HAART-naive and HAART-experienced patients.The present study provides information on the prevalence of EBV and HHV-6 subtypes in people living with HIV-1 in Burkina Faso. The study also suggests that HAART treatment has no effect on infection with these opportunistic viruses in people living with HIV-1.

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Tao, Issoufou, Tegwindé R. Compaoré, Birama Diarra, Florencia Djigma, Theodora M. Zohoncon, Maléki Assih, Djeneba Ouermi, Virginio Pietra, Simplice D. Karou, and Jacques Simpore. "Seroepidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in the General Population of Burkina Faso." Hepatitis Research and Treatment 2014 (August 5, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/781843.

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Objectives. In Burkina Faso, few studies reported the prevalence of HBV and HCV in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses in the general population and to determine the most affected groups in relation to the risk factors associated with the infection. Method. A voluntary testing opened to anyone interested was held at Saint Camille Medical Centre in Ouagadougou. Rapid tests were carried out on 995 persons who voluntarily answered a range of questions before the venous blood sampling. Results. The results revealed that the antigen HBs carriers in the general population represented 14.47% (144/995) and the prevalence of HCV was 1.00% (10/995). The difference between HBV’s prevalence in men (18.58%) and that in women (11.60%) was statistically significant (P = 0.002). The most affected groups were undergraduated students (19.57%) and persons working in the informal sector (15.98%). The least affected group was high level students (8.82%). Conclusion. Burkina Faso is a country with a high prevalence of HBV, while the incidence of HCV is still low in the general population. Therefore, more campaigns on the transmission routes of HBV and HCV are needed to reduce the spread of these viruses in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Zohoncon, Theodora M., and Jacques Simpore. "PREVALENCE OF HPV HIGH-RISK GENOTYPES IN THREE COHORTS OF WOMEN IN OUAGADOUGOU (BURKINA FASO)." Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases 5, no. 1 (September 1, 2013): e2013059. http://dx.doi.org/10.4084/mjhid.2013.059.

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The development of cervical cancer is associated with high-risk Human papilloma viruses (HPV-HR). In sub-Saharan Africa cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women and the leading cause of death attributed to malignant tumors. This study aims to identify HPV genotypes within the 30'S and 50'S HPV families found in two previous studies from our laboratory, and to determine the prevalence of twelve HPV-HR genotypes in a population of women in Ouagadougou. The twelve HPV-HR genotypes were determined by real-time multiplex PCR, in 180 samples from the general population and among a group of HIV-1 infected women. The most common genotypes found were HPV 35 (29.4%) and HPV 31 (26.1%) of the 30’S family, and HPV 52 (29.4%) and HPV 58 (20.6%) of the 50'S family. Multiple infections of HPV-HR were observed in 78.03% of infected women. The frequencies of HPV genotypes from the 30'S and 50'S families were higher, while the genotypes HPV-16 and18 were lower among the women in our study.

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Tebit, Denis M., Jean Ganame, Kanokporn Sathiandee, Youssouf Nagabila, Boubacar Coulibaly, and Hans-Georg Krausslich. "Diversity of HIV in Rural Burkina Faso." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 43, no. 2 (October 2006): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.qai.0000228148.40539.d3.

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De Benedictis, P., A. Sow, A. Fusaro, C. Veggiato, C. Talbi, A. Kaboré, W. G. Dundon, H. Bourhy, and I. Capua. "Phylogenetic Analysis of Rabies Viruses from Burkina Faso, 2007." Zoonoses and Public Health 57, no. 7-8 (December 8, 2009): e42-e46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01291.x.

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10

Goubau, P., M. Sanou, A. T. Vandebroucke, and J. Ruelle. "Polymorphism of HIV-2 genomes in Burkina Faso." Journal of Clinical Virology 36 (January 2006): S54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1386-6532(06)80908-x.

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11

Lagarde, Emmanuel, Zakari Congo, Nicolas Meda, Banza Baya, Seydou Yaro, Gabriel Sangli, Yves Traoré, Henk Van Renthergem, and Michel Caraël. "Epidemiology of HIV infection in urban Burkina Faso." International Journal of STD & AIDS 15, no. 6 (June 2004): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646204774195254.

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Guiguemdé, Robert T., Oumar S. Sawadogo, Christian Bories, Kadidiatou L. Traore, Désiré Nezien, Laetitia Nikiema, Francine Pratlong, Pierre Marty, René Houin, and Michele Deniau. "Leishmania major and HIV co-infection in Burkina Faso." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 97, no. 2 (March 2003): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0035-9203(03)90109-x.

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13

Khan, Maria R., Padmaja Patnaik, Lisanne Brown, Nicolas Nagot, Souleymane Salouka, and Sharon S. Weir. "Mobility and HIV-Related Sexual Behavior in Burkina Faso." AIDS and Behavior 12, no. 2 (October 30, 2007): 202–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-007-9314-8.

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14

Chu, Daniel K. W., Kenrie P. Y. Hui, Ranawaka A. P. M. Perera, Eve Miguel, Daniela Niemeyer, Jincun Zhao, Rudragouda Channappanavar, et al. "MERS coronaviruses from camels in Africa exhibit region-dependent genetic diversity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 12 (March 5, 2018): 3144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1718769115.

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes a zoonotic respiratory disease of global public health concern, and dromedary camels are the only proven source of zoonotic infection. Although MERS-CoV infection is ubiquitous in dromedaries across Africa as well as in the Arabian Peninsula, zoonotic disease appears confined to the Arabian Peninsula. MERS-CoVs from Africa have hitherto been poorly studied. We genetically and phenotypically characterized MERS-CoV from dromedaries sampled in Morocco, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, and Ethiopia. Viruses from Africa (clade C) are phylogenetically distinct from contemporary viruses from the Arabian Peninsula (clades A and B) but remain antigenically similar in microneutralization tests. Viruses from West (Nigeria, Burkina Faso) and North (Morocco) Africa form a subclade, C1, that shares clade-defining genetic signatures including deletions in the accessory gene ORF4b. Compared with human and camel MERS-CoV from Saudi Arabia, virus isolates from Burkina Faso (BF785) and Nigeria (Nig1657) had lower virus replication competence in Calu-3 cells and in ex vivo cultures of human bronchus and lung. BF785 replicated to lower titer in lungs of human DPP4-transduced mice. A reverse genetics-derived recombinant MERS-CoV (EMC) lacking ORF4b elicited higher type I and III IFN responses than the isogenic EMC virus in Calu-3 cells. However, ORF4b deletions may not be the major determinant of the reduced replication competence of BF785 and Nig1657. Genetic and phenotypic differences in West African viruses may be relevant to zoonotic potential. There is an urgent need for studies of MERS-CoV at the animal–human interface.

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Sangare, Lassina, Nicolas Meda, Salif Lankoande, Eddy Van Dyck, Michel Cartoux, Issaka Pierre Compaore, Joseph Catraye, Paul Thomas Sanou, and Robert Soudre. "HIV infection among pregnant women in Burkina Faso: a nationwide serosurvey." International Journal of STD & AIDS 8, no. 10 (October 1, 1997): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462971918797.

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To determine the prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women in Burkina Faso and to identify factors associated with HIV infection in this population, we performed in 4 antenatal clinics in 4 urban centres located in the centre, the north, the east and the south-west of the country cross-sectional serological surveys between 7 October 1994 and 7 February 1995 using unlinked anonymous HIV screening method. In the towns included in the study more than 94% of pregnant women attend at least 2 antenatal consultations. In each centre all pregnant women attending an antenatal consultation during a 2-week period were invited to take part in a study to measure the prevalence of syphilis. Women with positive syphilis serology were offered treatment free of charge. A total of 1294 pregnant women were recruited into the study. There were no refusals. Thirty-two women (2.5%) had positive syphilis serology. The overall seroprevalence of HIV infection was 8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6-9.6). There was no evidence that the prevalence of syphilis or HIV infection varied between the 4 towns ( P =0.12 and 0.52 respectively). In logistic regression analyses only the presence of syphilis infection was associated with risk of HIV (odds ratio=3.4; 95% CI: 1.4-7.9). The prevalence of syphilis among pregnant women in Burkina Faso is relatively low compared with that of HIV infection. These results suggest that HIV epidemic in Burkina Faso is important and that there is an urgent need to intensify HIVprevention activities. The need for HIV surveillance in this sentinel population is urgent to follow the course of the epidemic and to measure the impact of interventions. One of the consequences of the high prevalence of HIV infection among pregnant women which requires greater attention in Burkina Faso is the increasing number of children who will be infected with HIV by vertical transmission.

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Kirakoya-Samadoulougou, Fati, Seydou Yaro, Paulin Fao, Marie-Christine Defer, François Ilboudo, Youssouf Langani, Nicolas Meda, Annie Robert, and Nicolas Nagot. "Who Is Going for VCT? A Case Study in Urban Burkina Faso." ISRN AIDS 2012 (December 30, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/307917.

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Introduction. Voluntary HIV counselling and testing (VCT) is a key element of treatment and is essential for prevention of vertical HIV transmission. Little information is available on the uptake of VCT in Burkina Faso. This study aims to assess the prevalence of VCT in urban Burkina Faso, where the epidemic is still highly concentrated. Methods. We conducted a two-stage clustered population-based survey among 1,694 subjects living in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. After informed consent was obtained, a behavioural questionnaire was administered to participants. Results. Overall, 10.2% of individuals had used VCT, while 9% were women. Among women who had a child after the launch of the programme to prevent mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT), only 10.4% have been tested for HIV. Almost all participants (99.3%) were aware of HIV/AIDS, and 65% knew the main methods of prevention. In multivariate analysis, older age and being married and better educated were independent factors associated with VCT. Conclusions. Despite high public knowledge and awareness about HIV, VCT uptake was still very low and PMTCT coverage was poor. New strategies are required to increase VCT uptake in urban areas, in particular among the youngest age.

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Ky Ba, A., M. Sanou, L. Toguyeni Tamini, I. Diallo, A. S. Ouédraogo, J. Catrayé, P. T. Sanou, et al. "Residual mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Burkina Faso." African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology 18, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v18i2.7.

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Yonaba, Caroline, Angèle Kalmogho, Kongnimissom Apoline Sondo, Madi Nacoulma, Kigocha Okengo, Flore Ouédraogo, Chantal Zoungrana, Aissata Kabore, Fla Koueta, and Ludovic Kam. "Ocular Manifestations among HIV Infected Children in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso." Open Journal of Pediatrics 06, no. 02 (2016): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojped.2016.62027.

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Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Augustin Sankara, Vincent Bastien, and Michelle Parsons. "Gender and HIV testing in Burkina Faso: An exploratory study." Social Science & Medicine 69, no. 6 (September 2009): 877–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.07.003.

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Issiaka, S., M. Cartoux, O. Ky-Zerbo, S. Tiendrebéogo, N. Meda, F. Dabis, and P. Van de Perre. "Living with HIV: Women's experience in Burkina Faso, West Africa." AIDS Care 13, no. 1 (February 2001): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540120020018224.

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Djigma, Florencia, Charlemagne Ouedraogo, Tani Sagna, Djeneba Ouermi, Korotini Sanogo, Cyrille Bisseye, Abdoulaye Kabre, et al. "HIV-infected women of Burkina Faso: a “reservoir” of mycoplasma infection." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 5, no. 03 (March 21, 2011): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.950.

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Introduction: The objective of this work was to assess the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and genital mycoplasma colonization in 251 HIV-positive compared to 200 HIV-negative women at the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) service of Saint Camille Medical Center Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso). Methodology: After revealing the cervix with a speculum, we collected swabs of vaginal discharge for the detection of pathogenic bacteria. Results: Among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women, we identified respectively: Mycoplasma hominis (16.7% versus 5.5%); Ureaplasma urealyticum (16.3% versus 0.0%); co-infection M. hominis with U. urealyticum (13.14% versus 0.0%); Candida albicans (21.11% versus 41.5%); E. coli (9.96% versus 4.0%); and the presence of abundant vaginal discharge (27.5% versus 5.0%) respectively. The Nugent's score, utilized for the diagnosis of BV, was significantly higher in HIV-positive women (p < 0.001) associated with poor vaginal hygiene practices (p < 0.01) and no use of condoms (p < 0.01). Enterobacter, Klebsiella pneumonia, Klebsiella oxitocica, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Gardnerella vaginalis were also isolated, but in a low prevalence ranging from 0% to 5%. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the HIV-positive women of Burkina Faso are frequently affected by BV and represent a reservoir for mycoplasma infection. Since these germs can lead to sterility and premature delivery, it is important to develop a policy of screening.

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Meda, Nicolas, Michel Cartoux, François Dabis, Babou Bazié, John Hetherington, Honorine Dahourou, Amadou Ouangré, et al. "Stabilization of HIV infection rates in urban Burkina Faso, 1995–1999." International Journal of STD & AIDS 12, no. 7 (July 2001): 460–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462011923499.

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Compaore, Tegwinde Rebeca, Serge Theophile Soubeiga, Abdoul Karim Ouattara, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah, Damehan Tchelougou, Mamoudou Maiga, Maleki Assih, et al. "APOBEC3G Variants and Protection against HIV-1 Infection in Burkina Faso." PLOS ONE 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2016): e0146386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146386.

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Sanou, Armel M., Sampoko Carine M. Wandaogo, Armel Poda, Laure Tamini, Anselme E. Kyere, Tani Sagna, Macaire S. Ouedraogo, et al. "Epidemiology and molecular characterization of influenza viruses in Burkina Faso, sub-Saharan Africa." Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 12, no. 4 (April 24, 2018): 490–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/irv.12539.

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Ducatez, Mariette F., Zekiba Tarnagda, Marc C. Tahita, Adama Sow, Sebastien de Landtsheer, Brandon Z. Londt, Ian H. Brown, et al. "Genetic Characterization of HPAI (H5N1) Viruses from Poultry and Wild Vultures, Burkina Faso." Emerging Infectious Diseases 13, no. 4 (April 2007): 611–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1304.061356.

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Palanga, Essowè, Denis Filloux, Darren P. Martin, Emmanuel Fernandez, Daniel Gargani, Romain Ferdinand, Jean Zabré, et al. "Metagenomic-Based Screening and Molecular Characterization of Cowpea-Infecting Viruses in Burkina Faso." PLOS ONE 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2016): e0165188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0165188.

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Ducatez, M. F., C. M. Olinger, A. A. Owoade, Z. Tarnagda, M. C. Tahita, A. Sow, S. De Landtsheer, et al. "Molecular and antigenic evolution and geographical spread of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in western Africa." Journal of General Virology 88, no. 8 (August 1, 2007): 2297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.82939-0.

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In Africa, highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus was first detected in northern Nigeria and later also in other regions of the country. Since then, seven other African countries have reported H5N1 infections. This study reports a comparison of full-length genomic sequences of H5N1 isolates from seven chicken farms in Nigeria and chicken and hooded vultures in Burkina Faso with earlier H5N1 outbreaks worldwide. In addition, the antigenicity of Nigerian H5N1 isolates was compared with earlier strains. All African strains clustered within three sublineages denominated A (south-west Nigeria, Niger), B (south-west Nigeria, Egypt, Djibouti) and C (northern Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Sudan, Côte d'Ivoire), with distinct nucleotide and amino acid signatures and distinct geographical distributions within Africa. Probable non-African ancestors within the west Asian/Russian/European lineage distinct from the south-east Asian lineages were identified for each sublineage. All reported human cases in Africa were caused by sublineage B. Substitution rates were calculated on the basis of sequences from 11 strains from a single farm in south-west Nigeria. As H5N1 emerged essentially at the same time in the north and south-west of Nigeria, the substitution rates confirmed that the virus probably did not spread from the north to the south, given the observed sequence diversity, but that it entered the country via three independent introductions. The strains from Burkina Faso seemed to originate from northern Nigeria. At least two of the sublineages also circulated in Europe in 2006 as seen in Germany, further suggesting that the sublineages had already emerged outside of Africa and seemed to have followed the east African/west Asian and Black Sea/Mediterranean flyways of migratory birds.

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LeGrand, Thomas K., and Zourkaleini Younoussi. "Consensual Unions in Burkina Faso: Trends and Determinants." Canadian Studies in Population 36, no. 3-4 (December 31, 2009): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.25336/p6v616.

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This paper examines entry into consensual unions versus marriages in Burkina Faso, a topic that has received little attention to date in sub-Saharan Africa. Changes in marriage behaviors may entail or reflect profound changes in family organization, gender relations and fertility and, to the extent that consensual unions are relatively transitory and lead to more sexual partners, they may be associated with greater sexual risks including HIV. The determinants of new unions being consensual are estimated from national family-life type survey data that provide information on the timing of different types of marriages and the start of cohabitation. While consensual unions are not new to the country, they appear to be changing in nature and have been growing more common over time especially in urban areas. They are also more popular among men and women with greater schooling or who began cohabiting while living outside the country, and for women who have previously lived in union.

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Wongjarupong, Nicha, Sharad Oli, Mahamoudou Sanou, Florencia Djigma, Alice Kiba Koumare, Albert T. Yonli, Mohamed A. Hassan, et al. "Distribution and Incidence of Blood-Borne Infection among Blood Donors from Regional Transfusion Centers in Burkina Faso: A Comprehensive Study." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 104, no. 4 (April 7, 2021): 1577–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0601.

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ABSTRACTThere is a high prevalence of blood-borne infections in West Africa. This study sought to determine the seroprevalence of blood-borne infections, including hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), HIV, and syphilis, in blood donors in Burkina Faso. Blood donors were recruited from 2009 to 2013 in four major cities in Burkina Faso of urban area (Ouagadougou) and rural area (Bobo Dioulasso, Fada N’Gourma, and Ouahigouya). Serology tests including hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, and rapid plasma reagin test were used for screening and were confirmed with ELISA. Disease prevalence was calculated among first-time donors. Incidence and residual risk were calculated from repeat donors. There were 166,681 donors; 43,084 had ≥ 2 donations. The overall seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis were 13.4%, 6.9%, 2.1%, and 2.4%, respectively. The incidence rates (IRs) of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis infection were 2,433, 3,056, 1,121, and 1,287 per 100,000 person-years. There was lower seroprevalence of HBV and HCV in urban area than in rural area (12.9% versus 14.0%, P < 0.001; and 5.9% versus 8.0%, P < 0.001), and no difference in HIV (2.1% versus 2.1%, P = 0.25). The IRs of new HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis were 2.43, 3.06, 1.12, and 1.29 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The residual risk was one per 268 donations for HBV, one per 181 donations for HCV, and one per 1,480 donations for HIV, respectively. In conclusion, this comprehensive study from four blood donation sites in Burkina Faso showed high HBV and HCV seroprevalence and incidence with high residual risk from blood donation.

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Ouedraogo, Henri Gautier, Odette Ky-Zerbo, Adama Baguiya, Ashley Grosso, Sara Goodman, Benoît Cesaire Samadoulougou, Marcel Lougue, et al. "HIV among Female Sex Workers in Five Cities in Burkina Faso: A Cross-Sectional Baseline Survey to Inform HIV/AIDS Programs." AIDS Research and Treatment 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9580548.

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Background. Female sex workers (FSWs) are considered a vulnerable population for HIV infection and a priority for HIV/AIDS response programs. This study aimed to determine HIV prevalence among FSWs in five cities in Burkina Faso. Methods. FSWs aged 18 and older were recruited using respondent driven sampling (RDS) in five cities (Ouagadougou, Bobo-Dioulasso, Koudougou, Ouahigouya, and Tenkodogo) in Burkina Faso from 2013 to 2014. HIV testing was performed using the HIV testing national algorithm. We conducted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess correlates of HIV in all cities combined (not RDS-adjusted). Results. Among Ouagadougou, Koudougou, and Ouahigouya FSWs, RDS-adjusted HIV prevalence was 13.5% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 9.6–18.7), 13.3% (95% CI: 7.6–22.4), and 13.0% (95% CI: 7.6–21.3), respectively, compared to 30.1% (95% CI: 25.5–35.1) among Bobo-Dioulasso FSWs. Factors associated with HIV infection were age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 7.84 95% CI: 3.78–16.20), being married or cohabitating (aOR = 2.43, 95% CI: 1.31–4.49), and history of pregnancy (aOR = 5.24, 95% CI: 1.44–18.97). Conclusion. These results highlight the need to strengthen HIV prevention among FSWs, through behavior change strategies, and improve access to sexual and reproductive health services.

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Nicolas, Salif Lankoande, Meda Lassana Sangare, Issaka P. Compaore, Joseph Catraye, Paul T. Sanou, Eddy Van Dyck, Michel Cartoux, Olga Sankara, Valerie Curtis, and Robert B. Soudre. "Prevalence and risk of HIV infection among female sex workers in Burkina Faso." International Journal of STD & AIDS 9, no. 3 (March 1, 1998): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462981921909.

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Summary: Little information is available regarding human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among female sex workers (FSW) in Burkina Faso, West Africa. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso, the 2 largest cities of the country, to determine the prevalence of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among FSWs, and to investigate the factors which were associated with HIV infection in this population. From October to November 1994, 426 FSWs were recruited. The method of anonymous and unlinked HIV screening recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) was used. The overall HIV seroprevalence was 58.2% (95% confidence interval: 53.4-62.9) and 52.6% of FSWs had at least one STD agent. The most common STDs were trichomoniasis (23%), syphilis (15%) and gonorrhoea (13%). In a logistic regression analysis, risk factors for HIV infection were high gravidity ( 2 pregnancies), low perception of personal risk of HIV infection, syphilis and the presence of genital warts. These results suggest that FSWs in Burkina Faso need better information about HIV transmission and prevention and then need better access to STD detection and management services.

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Sanon, Patrice, Simon Kaboré, Jennifer Wilen, Susanna J. Smith, and Jane Galvão. "Advocating prevention over punishment: the risks of HIV criminalization in Burkina Faso." Reproductive Health Matters 17, no. 34 (January 2009): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0968-8080(09)34484-5.

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33

Low, Andrea J., Issouf Konate, Nicolas Nagot, Helen A. Weiss, Dramane Kania, Peter Vickerman, Michel Segondy, et al. "Cervicovaginal HIV-1 Shedding in Women Taking Antiretroviral Therapy in Burkina Faso." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 65, no. 2 (February 2014): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000000049.

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34

Gnimbar PODA, Ghislain, and Guillaume Sondet SANON. "HIV/AIDS Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Among Truck Drivers In Burkina Faso." Journal of Clinical Research In HIV AIDS And Prevention 2, no. 2 (May 19, 2015): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-14-416.

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35

Desclaux, Alice, Seni Kouanda, and Carla Makhlouf Obermeyer. "Stakeholdersʼ participation in operational research on HIV care: insights from Burkina Faso." AIDS 24, Suppl 1 (January 2010): S79—S85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aids.0000366086.21687.52.

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Méda, Ziemlé Clément, Issiaka Sombié, Olivier W. C. Sanon, Daouda Maré, Donald E. Morisky, and Yi-Ming Arthur Chen. "Risk Factors of Tuberculosis Infection Among HIV/AIDS Patients in Burkina Faso." AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 29, no. 7 (July 2013): 1045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2012.0239.

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37

Latora, Vito, André Nyamba, Jacques Simpore, Bahiré Sylvette, Sandwidi Diane, Bukiki Sylvére, and Salvatore Musumeci. "Network of sexual contacts and sexually transmitted HIV infection in Burkina Faso." Journal of Medical Virology 78, no. 6 (2006): 724–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.20614.

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38

Ouédraogo, Nafissatou, Jérôme Kaplon, Isidore Juste O. Bonkoungou, Alfred Sababénédjo Traoré, Pierre Pothier, Nicolas Barro, and Katia Ambert- Balay. "Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children with Diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso." PLOS ONE 11, no. 4 (April 19, 2016): e0153652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0153652.

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Minoungou, Germaine L., Mariame Diop, Marthin Dakouo, Abdoul Karim Ouattara, Tirumala Bharani K. Settypalli, Modou M. Lo, Satigui Sidibe, et al. "Molecular characterization of African Swine fever viruses in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Senegal 1989–2016." Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 68, no. 5 (July 29, 2021): 2842–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tbed.14240.

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Savadogo, Léon G. Blaise, Philippe Donnen, and Michèle Dramaix. "Socioeconomic Indices Performance for HIV Diagnostic on Severely Malnourished Children in Burkina Faso." World Journal of AIDS 04, no. 01 (2014): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wja.2014.41013.

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41

Chevalier, Philippe, Serge Diagbouga, Yves Traore, Anne-Marie Cassel-Beraud, and Philippe Van de Perre. "Thymic Size and Muscle Mass of HIV-Infected Asymptomatic Children From Burkina Faso." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 29, no. 4 (April 2002): 427–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200204010-00016.

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Rosendal Østergaard, Lise, and Helle Samuelsen. "Muted voices: HIV/AIDS and the young people of Burkina Faso and Senegal." African Journal of AIDS Research 3, no. 2 (November 2004): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/16085900409490324.

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Chevalier, Philippe, Serge Diagbouga, Yves Traore, Anne-Marie Cassel-Beraud, and Philippe Van de Perre. "Thymic Size and Muscle Mass of HIV-Infected Asymptomatic Children From Burkina Faso." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 29, no. 4 (April 2002): 427–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042560-200204010-00016.

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44

Khan, Maria, Lisanne Brown, Nicolas Nagot, Souleymane Salouka, and Sharon S. Weir. "HIV-Related Sexual Behavior in Urban, Rural and Border Areas of Burkina Faso." AIDS and Behavior 10, no. 5 (May 20, 2006): 607–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-006-9113-7.

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Saleri, N., S. Capone, V. Pietra, G. De Iaco, V. Del Punta, M. Rizzi, M. Levi, et al. "Outcome and Predictive Factors of Mortality in Hospitalized HIV-Patients in Burkina Faso." Infection 37, no. 2 (January 23, 2009): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-008-7406-7.

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Schwartz, Sheree R., Erin Papworth, Odette Ky-Zerbo, Simplice Anato, Ashley Grosso, Henri Gautier Ouedraogo, Sosthenes Ketende, Vincent Palokinam Pitche, and Stefan Baral. "Safer Conception Needs for HIV Prevention among Female Sex Workers in Burkina Faso and Togo." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/296245.

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Background. Reproductive health programming for female sex workers (FSW) may include contraceptive services but rarely addresses safer pregnancy planning.Methods. Adult FSW were enrolled into a cross-sectional study across four sites in Burkina Faso and Togo using respondent-driven sampling. Sociobehavioral questionnaires and HIV counseling and testing were administered. Sample statistics and engagement in HIV treatment were described and compared using Chi-squared statistics.Results. 1,349 reproductive-aged FSW were enrolled from January to July 2013. Overall, 267 FSW (19.8%) were currently trying to conceive. FSW trying to conceive were more likely to test positive for HIV at enrollment as compared to women not trying to become pregnant (24.5% versus 17.7%,P<0.01); however awareness of HIV status was similar across groups. Among FSW trying to conceive, 79.0% (211/267) had previously received HIV testing, yet only 33.8% (23/68) of HIV-infected FSW reported a previous HIV diagnosis. Overall 25.0% (17/68) of HIV-infected FSW trying to conceive were on antiretroviral therapy.Conclusion. FSW frequently desire children. However engagement in the HIV prevention and treatment cascade among FSW trying to conceive is poor potentiating periconception transmission risks to partners and infants. Programs to facilitate earlier HIV diagnosis for FSW and safer conception counseling are needed as components of effective combination HIV prevention services.

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Ouedraogo, O., J. B. Guiard Schmid, T. M. Ouedraogo, C. Mesenge, and C. Rapp. "HIV risk practices and access to prevention in a men's prison in Burkina Faso." Médecine et Santé Tropicales 23, no. 2 (April 2013): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/mst.2013.0208.

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Sagna, Y., J. Koulidiaty, I. Diallo, A. F. Sanou, P. A. Bagbila, T. Sagna, I. Nébié, O. Guira, H. Tiéno, and Y. J. Drabo. "Laboratory test features of newly diagnosed adult HIV-infected patients in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)." Médecine et Santé Tropicales 24, no. 3 (July 2014): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/mst.2014.0381.

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Hejoaka, Fabienne. "Care and secrecy: Being a mother of children living with HIV in Burkina Faso." Social Science & Medicine 69, no. 6 (September 2009): 869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.05.041.

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Coulibaly, Malik, Nicolas Meda, Caroline Yonaba, Sylvie Ouedraogo, Malika Congo, Mamoudou Barry, Elisabeth Thio, et al. "Missed Opportunities for Early Access to Care of HIV-Infected Infants in Burkina Faso." PLoS ONE 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2014): e111240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111240.

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