To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: HK2.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'HK2'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'HK2.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Réhault-Godbert, Sophie. "Etude fonctionnelle des kallicréines prostatiques humaines hK2 et hK3." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR4012.
Full textAbstract:
Les kallicréines humaines hK2 et hK3 sont deux protéases à sérine exprimées essentiellement dans la prostate. HK3 participerait à la liquéfaction du plasma séminal en dégradant les séménogélines, les protéines majeures du coagulum formé immédiatement après éjaculation. Le rôle physiologique des kallicréines hK2 et hK3 n'est cependant pas clairement établi. Chez les patients atteints de cancer de la prostate, les concentrations sériques en hK2 et hK3 augmentent fortement suggérant que ces protéases pourraient jouer un rôle dans la croissance tumorale. Afin de faciliter la détection de hK3 enzymatiquement active dans les fluides biologiques, nous avons dans un premier temps conçu des substrats fluorogéniques peptidiques pour hK3. Ces substrats, dérivés de la séquence des séménogélines, se sont avérés beaucoup plus sensibles à l'hydrolyse par hK3 que ceux actuellement utilisés pour mesurer l'activité de cette protéase. Nous avons montré dans un deuxième temps que hK2 et hK3 pourraient participer à la progression cancéreuse selon deux voies au moins. Ces kallicréines sont capables de dégrader les protéines de liaison des facteurs de croissance de type insuline (IGFBPs), ce qui contribuerait à augmenter la biodisponibilité des IGFs dont l'action mitogénique favoriserait la croissance tumorale. D'autre part, nous avons mis en évidence que hK2 et hK3 pourraient en inactivant les inhibiteurs physiologiques de l'urokinase et de la plasmine (PAI-1, inhibiteur de l'activateur du plasminogène-1 et alpha2-antiplasmine), augmenter indirectement l'activité protéolytique de ces deux protéases sur les protéines de la matrice extracellulaire et faciliter ainsi la dissémination des cellules cancéreuses<br>HK2 and hK3 are two serine proteases mainly expressed in the prostate gland. HK3 is thought to be responsible for the liquefaction of seminal plasma through proteolysis of the semenogelins, the major proteins forming coagulum immediately after ejaculation. Nevertheless, the physiological function of kallikreins hK2 and hK3 is still unclear. Men suffering from prostate cancer have high plasma concentrations of both kallikreins hK2 and hK3 which suggests that these two kallikreins could be involved in tumor growth. .
2
Gingras, Alexandre. "Hormonodépendance et activité des kallicréines hK2 et hK3 dans les cellules LNCaP." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33658.pdf.
Full text
3
Gravel, Caroline. "Effet d'un milieu conditionné fibroblastique sur l'activité des kallicréines prostatiques hK2 et hK3." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0019/MQ49021.pdf.
Full text
4
Cavalcante, Isadora Pontes. "Correlação da expressão de GLUT1, HK1, HK2 e HK3 com alta captação de 18/F-FDG em hiperplasia macronodular adrenal primária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5135/tde-12012015-125308/.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: Hiperplasia Macronodular Adrenal Primária (PMAH) é uma causa rara de Síndrome de Cushing (SC), caracterizada por macronódulos funcionantes geralmente acometendo ambas as glândulas adrenais. Recentemente, o exame 18F-FDG PET/CT detectou três pacientes com PMAH apresentando captação aumentada de 18F-FDG. No entanto, ainda não foi elucidado o mecanismo pelo qual a PMAH apresentaria uma alta captação de 18F-FDG. Objetivos: Os objetivos deste estudo foram investigar se a expressão de GLUT1, HK1, HK2 e/ou HK3 estão relacionados à alta captação de 18F-FDG na PMAH e comparar estas expressões com tecidos adrenais provenientes de pacientes com AAC e CAA. Métodos: 12 pacientes com PMAH que realizaram 18F-FDG-PET/CT, previamente à adrenalectomia. A captação de 18F-FDG foi quantificada como maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Expressão do RNAm foi investigada através de RT-PCR e a expressão proteica através de técnicas de imunoistoquímica. Expressão gênica e proteica dos pacientes com PMAH foi comparada com 15 pacientes com AAC e 10 pacientes com CAA. As correlações foram realizadas através do teste de coeficiente de correlação de Pearson e as comparações, através do teste Kruskal-Wallis, seguido do ajuste de Dunn. Significância estatística foi considerada quando p < 0.05. Resultados: Todos os pacientes com PMAH apresentaram alta captação de 18F-FDG, cujo SUVmáx variou de 3.3 a 8.9 e o tamanho do maior nódulo variou de 3.5 a 15cm. Foi observada forte correlação positiva entre o tamanho do maior nódulo e o SUVmáx nos pacientes com PMAH. No entanto, não foi estabelecida correlação entre a expressão de GLUT1, HK1, HK2 e HK3 e o SUVmáx nos pacientes com PMAH. A expressão do SLC2A1 e HK2 foi significativamente maior nos pacientes com CAA do que nos pacientes com AAC e PMAH. Conclusões: A captação aumentada de 18F-FDG na PMAH não está relacionada ao aumento da expressão de GLUT1, HK1, HK2 e HK3. Estudos futuros serão necessários para elucidar a via glicolítica que é responsável pelo metabolismo da glicose na PMAH<br>Introduction: Primary macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (PMAH) is a rare cause of Cushing\'s syndrome, characterized by functioning adrenal macronodules and increased cortisol production. Recently, integrated 18F-FDG-PET/CT examination revealed an increased 18F-FDG uptake in patients with PMAH. However, it is still unclear the mechanism by which PMAH would present with a high 18F-FDG uptake in PET/CT. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether GLUT1, HK1, HK2 and/or HK3 expression would account for the high18F-FDG uptake in PMAH and compare these expressions with ACA and ACC adrenal tisuue. Methods: 12 patients undergoing adrenalectomy for PMAH with previous 18F-FDG-PET/CT. 18F-FDG uptake was quantified as the maximum standardized uptake value (maxSUV). mRNA expression was investigated through quantitative RT-PCR and protein expression was investigated using immunohistochemical studies. PMAH gene and protein expression were compared to 15 patients with ACA and 10 with ACC. Correlations were performed through Pearson\'s correlation coefficient test and comparisons through Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn adjust. Statistical significance was considered when p < 0.05. Results: All patients with PMAH presented with high 18F-FDG uptake, the range of SUVmax in these patients varied from 3.3 to 8.9 and the nodule sizes varied from 3.5 to 15 cm. There was a strong positive correlation between the nodule size and 18F-FDG uptake. However, no correlation could be established between gene and protein expression of GLUT1, HK1, HK2 and HK3 and 18F-FDG uptake. SLC2A1 and HK2 expression was significantly higher in patients with CCA than in patients with AAC and PMAH. Conclusions: Increased 18F-FDG uptake in PMAH does not arise from the overexpression of GLUT1, HK1, HK2 or HK3. Further investigation is required to elucidate the glycolytic pathway involved in glucose metabolism in PMAH
5
Bourgeois, Luc. "Etude de la spécificité des kallicréines prostatiques humaines HK1, HK2 et HK3 à l'aide de substrats fluorescents dérivés de molécules naturelles." Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR4020.
Full textAbstract:
Dans la prostate humaine trois gènes de kallicréines tissulaires codent les protéases HK1, HK2 et HK3, libérées dans le fluide séminal. HK2, récemment purifiée, est étudiée comme marqueur sérique des pathologies prostatiques en remplacement ou en complément du marqueur actuel HK3 (PSA, Prostate specific antigen). HK1 est connue pour son activité productrice de kinine. Dans le tractus génital et les foyers métastatiques. Le rôle de ces protéases est méconnu. L'activité enzymatique de HK1 peut être suivie avec des substrats synthétiques contrairement à celles de HK2 et HK3. Des inhibiteurs de la famille des serpines régulent leur activité ; le PCI (protein C inhibitor) inhibe les trois enzymes. L'#1-Antichymotrypsine (ACT) inhibe HK3 et la Kallistatine HK1. Ces serpines interagissent comme des substrats suicides avec leur protéase cible et sont clivées au niveau de leur boucle réactive. Les séquences entourant ces sites de clivage ont été utilisées pour élaborer des substrats peptidiques fluorogéniques. La même stratégie a été utilisée pour développer des substrats à partir des semenogelines, protéines structurales du coagulum seminal et substrats naturels de HK3. Les peptides dérivés du PCI sont clivés préférentiellement par HK1 et HK2, et après modification permettent d'obtenir des substrats spécifiques pour chacune. Aucun substrat sensible de HK3 n'a pu être développé à partir des serpines ; le clivage d'un peptide dérivé de l'act, inhibiteur physiologique de HK3, obtenu dans des conditions expérimentales optimisées, suggère un mode d'interaction particulier entre ces deux partenaires. Un substrat 100 fois plus sensible que les substrats actuels a été synthétisé pour HK3 à partir d'une séquence entourant un site de clivage post-éjaculatoire de la semenogeline. Les séquences peptidiques de cibles naturelles des Kallicréines ont permis de synthétiser des substrats sensibles et spécifiques ; leur utilisation permettra de mieux comprendre le rôle biologique des enzymes<br>No summary available
6
Richardson, Susanne. "Effect of human kallikreins HK2 and HK3 on the anti-protease system of the cervical mucus of the human female." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0018/MQ38181.pdf.
Full text
7
Haidar, Malak. "Rôle du facteur de croissance transformant (TGF-β2) dans la virulence des macrophages infectés par Theileria annulata". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05T044.
Full textAbstract:
Les parasites Theileria (Theileria. annulata and T. parva) sont des protozoaires intracellulaires qui font partie du phylum des Apicomplexa. Theileria infecte les leucocytes bovins et les transforment en cellules cancéreuses, induisant un genre de leucémie chez le bovin et conduisant à la mort de l’animal. Les cellules infectées par Theileria démontrent certaines caractéristiques de cellules cancéreuses telles qu’une importante capacité d’invasion et de migration cellulaire. Cependant, le traitement de cellules infectées avec une drogue Theiléricide spécifique (buparvaquone) permet l'élimination du parasite et la réversion du phénotype transformé. De plus, la virulence peut être atténuée par passages répétés sur culture cellulaire. La similitude entre les cellules transformées par Theileria et la leucémie humaine fait de Theileria un modèle très important permettant l’étude des mécanismes cellulaires induits par le parasite au cours de la transformation de la cellule hôte. Mon laboratoire d’accueil a publié une augmentation significative de TGF-β2 dans les cellules virulentes et a constaté que parmi les 1158 cibles de TGF-β, 68 gènes ont été reconnus d'avoir modifié leurs niveaux de transcription concomitante avec l'atténuation. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons étudié les voies de signalisations impliquées dans la régulation de l’adhésion et l’invasion des cellules infectées par Theileria. Nous nous sommes particulièrement intéressés à l’étude de la voie de signalisation TGF-β2 et ses effecteurs. Nos résultats montrent que l’activation de la voie de signalisation de TGF-β2 par Theileria entraîne une augmentation de l’invasion et de l’adhérence des cellules transformées par deux mécanismes différents, soit en activant la voie de signalisation PGE2/EP4/cAMP/PKA/EPAC/CREB, soit en stimulant la voie GRB2/PI3-K/AP-1. Les macrophages atténués infectés par Theileria sont plus stressés oxydativement ce qui diminue leur adhérence et leur invasion cellulaire. Ceci nous a amené à étudier en collaboration avec un autre doctorant (Mehdi Metheni) le rôle de TGF-β2 dans la régulation du stress oxydatif dans les macrophages infectés par Theileria. Nos données montrent que les niveaux élevés de TGF-β2 stimule l’expression de la catalase, une enzyme anti-oxydante qui convertit le H2O2 en H2O et la baisse de H2O2 favorise la virulence en augmentant l’invasion et l’adhésion des cellules infectées par Theileria (résultats supplémentaires). De plus, nous avons examiné le statut de stress oxydatif et le type de glycolyse utilisé par les cellules infectées par Theileria. Les cellules transformées par Theileria agissent comme des cellules cancéreuses, elles consomment énormément de glucose. La protéine BAD joue un rôle important dans l’apoptose ainsi que dans la voie de glycolyse. Son activité est régulée par phosphorylation en réponse à des facteurs de croissance et de survie. BAD peut être phosphorylée par la PKA sur le résidu sérine 155. Durant ma thèse, nous avons examiné le rôle de la phosphorylation de BAD par la PKA dans la régulation du métabolisme cellulaire des macrophages infectés par Theileria. Nos résultats montrent que l’abolition de la phosphorylation de BAD par la PKA dissocie le complexe mitochondrial formé entre BAD et HK2, ce qui induit l’ubiquitynation et la dégradation de HK2 par le protéasome. La baisse de HK2 stimule la voie de phosphorylation oxydative en faveur de l’effet Warburg dans les cellules infectées par Theileria<br>Theileria parasites (Theileria. annulata and T. parva) are intracellular protozoa and members of the phylum Apicomplexa. Theileria parasites are the only eukaryotes that possess the property of being able to transform another eukaryote, their leukocyte host cells. Transformed leukocytes show many characteristics of tumour cells such as heightened invasive capacity; however the tumour-like phenotype can be totally reversed upon drug induced parasite death and attenuated by multiple in vitro passages. Such multiple-passaged attenuated lines are used as live vaccines against tropical theileriosis. The similarities in tumour hyper-invasiveness between Theileria-transformed leukcocytes and human lymphomas imply that observations on Theileria-induced leukocyte transformation have the potential to give generally applicable insights into the mechanisms underpinning tumour virulence. My host laboratory described higher TGF-β2 levels in virulent infected macrophages and following microarray analysis of virulent compared to attenuated macrophages found that among the 1158 TGF-β-targets, 68 genes had altered transcript levels concomitant with attenuation. In this study, we investigate the signalling pathways involved in the regulation of cellular adhesion and invasiveness of Theileria-infected cells. We were especially interested in the study of TGF-β2 signalling in Theileria-transformed virulent versus attenuated macrophages. My results indicate that following Theileria infection of macrophages, the TGF-β2 signalling pathway is activated and induces an increase in adhesion of virulent transformed macrophages through two different mechanisms: either by activating a PGE2 / EP4 / cAMP / PKA / EPAC / CREB signaling pathway, or by stimulating a GRB2 / PI3-K / AP-1 pathway. As attenuated macrophages display heightened oxidative stress, which underpins their loss of adhesion and invasiveness, in collaboration with another PhD student (Mehdi Metheni) we investigated the role of TGF-β2 in the regulation of the oxidative stress status of Theileria-infected macrophages. Our data show that high levels of TGF-β2 increase the expression of catalase, an anti-oxidant enzyme that converts H2O2 into H2O and the drop in H2O2 output results in regain of the virulence trait heightened adhesion of Theileria-transformed macrophages to fibronectin. Theileria-transformed macrophages display many features of cancer cells such as their consumption of larger quantities of glucose. The BCL-2 family protein BAD has an alternative function in glucose metabolism separate from its role in apoptosis. The activity of BAD is regulated by phosphorylation in response to growth/survival factors. BAD can be phosphorylated on Ser155 by PKA. So during my thesis studies I examined the role of PKA mediated phosphorylation of BAD in the regulation of the cellular metabolism of Theileria-transformed macrophages. My results showed that ablation of BAD S155 phosphorylation dissociates the mitochondrial complex of BAD and HK2 and cytosolic HK2 becomes ubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. Loss of HK2 switches the metabolism of Theileria-transformed leukocytes from Warburg-like to OXPHOS-like glycolysis
8
Zhang, Rui. "Metabolic Disorder leads to Retinal degeneration: Function, morphology and metabolic pathway analysis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/25459.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUCTION
The retina prefers to metabolize glucose through glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to meet their energy demand even when oxygen is abundant, known as the “Warburg effect”, despite having abundant functional mitochondria. We created transgenic mice with selective knockdowns of key enzymes in glycolysis and OXPHOS including hexokinase (HK) 2, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) A and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) E1α in rods to study the importance of glycolysis and OXPHOS in retinal metabolism and the role of metabolic derangement in the pathogenesis of retinal diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Immunohistochemistry and Western blots were performed to study the changes in protein expression and regulation. Scotopic electroretinography and optical coherence tomography were performed to study the retinal function and structure. Gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed to study the changes in13C-glucose-derived metabolites in the retina.
RESULTS
Knockdown of HK2 in rods led to photoreceptor degeneration, with reduction in the thickness of the retina and impaired retinal function. Knockdown of HK2 decreased pyruvate production but promoted the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in the retina.
Knockdown of LDHA and PDHE1α in rods also led to retinal degeneration, with thinning of the retina and impaired retinal function. Deletion of LDHA and PDHE1α suppressed glycolysis and the TCA cycle in the retina.
CONCLUSION
We found that HK2/LDHA-mediated glycolysis and PDHE1α mediated-OXPHOS in rods are indispensable for the maintenance of photoreceptor structure and function. Disturbance in aerobic glycolysis or OXPHOS leads to metabolic remodelling in the retina and photoreceptor degeneration.
9
Cloutier, Sylvain. "Sélection et production de scFv contre la kallicréine humaine hK2 par la technologie du phage display." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ33600.pdf.
Full text
10
Obiezu, Christina V. "Hormonal regulation of prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein in males and females in vivo, effects of androgens and antiandrogens on plasma and urinary PSA and hK2 levels." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0018/MQ49759.pdf.
Full text
11
Bui, Loan Thuy. "Localisation of kallikreins in the prostate and association with prostate cancer progression." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16276/1/Loan_Bui_Thesis.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
At present, prostate cancer is a significant public health issue throughout the world and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in older men. The prostate specific antigen or PSA (which is encoded by the kallikrein 3/KLK3 gene) test is the current most valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. However, it is insufficiently sensitive and specific for early diagnosis, for staging of prostate cancer or for discriminating between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. Recent research has revealed another potential tumour marker, glandular kallikrein 2 (KLK2 gene/hK2 protein), which may be used alone or in conjunction with PSA to overcome some of the limitations of the PSA test. Twelve new kallikrein gene family members have been recently identified and, like hK2 and PSA, many of these genes have been suggested to be involved in carcinogenesis. In this study, the cellular localisation and level of expression of several of these newer kallikreins (KLK4, KLK5, KLK7, KLK8 and KLK11) was examined in prostate tissue, to provide an understanding of the association of their expression with prostatic diseases and their potential as additional biomarkers. Like PSA and hK2, the present observation indicated that each of these proteins, hK4, hK5, hK7, hK8 and hK11, was detected within the cytoplasm of the secretory cells of the prostate glands. For the first time, all of these newly-identified proteins were shown to be expressed in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions, in comparison to normal glands and cancer lesions. In addition to cytoplasmic secretory cell expression, the localisation of hK4 to the basal cells and nuclei in prostatic lesions was intriguing. The intensity of hK4 staining in prostate tissue was strongest in comparison to the other newly-identified kallikrein proteins (hK5, hK7, hK8 and hK11). Therefore, KLK4/hK4 expression was characterised further to define this cellular localisation and examined in non-prostatic tissue and also in a larger number of prostate tissues in an attempt to determine its potential value as a biomarker for prostate disease. Three hK4 antipeptide polyclonal antibodies, derived against N-terminal, mid-region and C-terminal hK4 amino acid sequences, were used. The hK4 N-terminal antipeptide antibody was used to demonstrate the cellular localisation of hK4 in kidney, salivary glands, liver, testis, colon carcinoma, heart, endometrium and ovarian cancer, for the first time. The presence of hK4 in these non-prostate tissues was consistent with the previous reports using RT-PCR. The dual cytoplasmic and nuclear localisation of hK4 observed in the prostate above was also seen in these tissues. Although hK4 was found widely expressed in many human tissue types, indicating that it is not prostate specific in its expression, the highest expression level of hK4 was seen in the prostate. Therefore, detailed expression patterns and levels of KLK4 mRNA and hK4 protein in the normal prostate and prostatic diseases and histopathological lesions were investigated and reported for the first time in this study. Twelve benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 19 adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 2-5) and 34 bone metastases from prostate cancer were analysed. Using in situ hybridisation, the expression of KLK4 mRNA was detected in the cytoplasm of the secretory cells of both normal and diseased prostate tissue. KLK4 mRNA was also noted in both secretory and basal cells of PIN lesions, but the basal cells of normal glands were negative. Using the hK4 N-terminal and mid-region antipeptide antibodies, hK4 was predominantly localised in the cytoplasm of the secretory cells. The intensity of hK4 staining appeared lowest in normal and BPH, and increased in PIN lesions, high Gleason grade prostate cancer and bone metastases indicating the potential of hK4 as a histopathological marker for prostatic neoplasias. Further studies are required with a larger cohort to determine its utility as a clinical biomarker. Small foci of atypical cells, which were found within normal glands, were also intensely stained. Surprisingly, hK4 protein was found in the nucleus of the secretory cells (but not the basal cells) of high grade PIN and Gleason grade 3 prostate cancer. The detection of KLK4 mRNA and hK4 protein in PIN lesions and small foci of atypical cells suggests that up-regulation of KLK4 expression occurs early in the pathology of prostate carcinogenesis. The finding of basal cell expression is not typical for the kallikreins and it is not clear what role hK4 would play in this cell type. With the use of the hK4 C-terminal antipeptide antibody, the staining was mainly localised in the nuclei of the secretory cells of the prostate glands. Although the nuclear localisation was readily noted in more than 90% of epithelial cells of the prostate gland with the C-terminal antibody, no difference in staining intensity was observed among the histopathological lesions of the prostate. The prominent nuclear localisation with the C-terminal antipeptide antibody was also shown to be distributed throughout the nucleus by using confocal microscopy. Further, by using gold-labelled particles for electron microscopy, the intracellular localisation of these hK4 antipeptide antibodies was reported here for the first time. Similar to the immunohistochemical results, the cytoplasm was the major site of localisation with the N-terminal and mid-region antipeptide antibodies. To further characterise the involvement of KLK4/hK4 in human prostate cancer progression, the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) model was used in this study. In this study, mouse KLK4 (also known as enamel matrix serine protease -1, EMSP-1) was shown to be expressed in the TRAMP prostate for the first time. Previous studies had only shown the developing tooth as a site of expression for EMSP-1. The level of EMSP-1 mRNA expression was increased in PIN and prostate cancer lesions of the TRAMP model, while negative or low levels of EMSP-1 mRNA were seen in normal glands or in control mouse prostate tissue. The normal mouse prostate did not stain with any the three hK4 antipeptide antibodies. hK4 N-terminal and mid-region antipeptide antibodies showed positive staining in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of PIN and cancer lesions of the mouse prostate. The C-terminal antipeptide antibody showed distinctively nuclear staining and was predominantly localised in the nuclei of the glandular cells of PIN and cancer lesions of the mouse prostate. The expression patterns of both the mRNA and protein level for mouse KLK4 strongly supported the observations of KLK4/hK4 expression in the human prostate and further support the utility of the TRAMP model. Overall, the findings in this thesis indicate a clear association of KLK4/hK4 expression with prostate cancer progression. In addition, several intriguing findings were made in terms of cellular localisation (basal as well as secretory cells; nuclear and cytoplasmic) and high expression in atypical glandular cells and PIN, perhaps indicating an early involvement in prostate disease progression and, additionally, utility as basal cell and PIN histological markers. These findings provide the basis for future studies to confirm the utility of hK4 as a biomarker for prostate cancer progression and identify functional roles in the different cellular compartments.
12
Bui, Loan Thuy. "Localisation of kallikreins in the prostate and association with prostate cancer progression." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16276/.
Full textAbstract:
At present, prostate cancer is a significant public health issue throughout the world and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in older men. The prostate specific antigen or PSA (which is encoded by the kallikrein 3/KLK3 gene) test is the current most valuable tool for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. However, it is insufficiently sensitive and specific for early diagnosis, for staging of prostate cancer or for discriminating between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. Recent research has revealed another potential tumour marker, glandular kallikrein 2 (KLK2 gene/hK2 protein), which may be used alone or in conjunction with PSA to overcome some of the limitations of the PSA test. Twelve new kallikrein gene family members have been recently identified and, like hK2 and PSA, many of these genes have been suggested to be involved in carcinogenesis. In this study, the cellular localisation and level of expression of several of these newer kallikreins (KLK4, KLK5, KLK7, KLK8 and KLK11) was examined in prostate tissue, to provide an understanding of the association of their expression with prostatic diseases and their potential as additional biomarkers. Like PSA and hK2, the present observation indicated that each of these proteins, hK4, hK5, hK7, hK8 and hK11, was detected within the cytoplasm of the secretory cells of the prostate glands. For the first time, all of these newly-identified proteins were shown to be expressed in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) lesions, in comparison to normal glands and cancer lesions. In addition to cytoplasmic secretory cell expression, the localisation of hK4 to the basal cells and nuclei in prostatic lesions was intriguing. The intensity of hK4 staining in prostate tissue was strongest in comparison to the other newly-identified kallikrein proteins (hK5, hK7, hK8 and hK11). Therefore, KLK4/hK4 expression was characterised further to define this cellular localisation and examined in non-prostatic tissue and also in a larger number of prostate tissues in an attempt to determine its potential value as a biomarker for prostate disease. Three hK4 antipeptide polyclonal antibodies, derived against N-terminal, mid-region and C-terminal hK4 amino acid sequences, were used. The hK4 N-terminal antipeptide antibody was used to demonstrate the cellular localisation of hK4 in kidney, salivary glands, liver, testis, colon carcinoma, heart, endometrium and ovarian cancer, for the first time. The presence of hK4 in these non-prostate tissues was consistent with the previous reports using RT-PCR. The dual cytoplasmic and nuclear localisation of hK4 observed in the prostate above was also seen in these tissues. Although hK4 was found widely expressed in many human tissue types, indicating that it is not prostate specific in its expression, the highest expression level of hK4 was seen in the prostate. Therefore, detailed expression patterns and levels of KLK4 mRNA and hK4 protein in the normal prostate and prostatic diseases and histopathological lesions were investigated and reported for the first time in this study. Twelve benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 19 adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 2-5) and 34 bone metastases from prostate cancer were analysed. Using in situ hybridisation, the expression of KLK4 mRNA was detected in the cytoplasm of the secretory cells of both normal and diseased prostate tissue. KLK4 mRNA was also noted in both secretory and basal cells of PIN lesions, but the basal cells of normal glands were negative. Using the hK4 N-terminal and mid-region antipeptide antibodies, hK4 was predominantly localised in the cytoplasm of the secretory cells. The intensity of hK4 staining appeared lowest in normal and BPH, and increased in PIN lesions, high Gleason grade prostate cancer and bone metastases indicating the potential of hK4 as a histopathological marker for prostatic neoplasias. Further studies are required with a larger cohort to determine its utility as a clinical biomarker. Small foci of atypical cells, which were found within normal glands, were also intensely stained. Surprisingly, hK4 protein was found in the nucleus of the secretory cells (but not the basal cells) of high grade PIN and Gleason grade 3 prostate cancer. The detection of KLK4 mRNA and hK4 protein in PIN lesions and small foci of atypical cells suggests that up-regulation of KLK4 expression occurs early in the pathology of prostate carcinogenesis. The finding of basal cell expression is not typical for the kallikreins and it is not clear what role hK4 would play in this cell type. With the use of the hK4 C-terminal antipeptide antibody, the staining was mainly localised in the nuclei of the secretory cells of the prostate glands. Although the nuclear localisation was readily noted in more than 90% of epithelial cells of the prostate gland with the C-terminal antibody, no difference in staining intensity was observed among the histopathological lesions of the prostate. The prominent nuclear localisation with the C-terminal antipeptide antibody was also shown to be distributed throughout the nucleus by using confocal microscopy. Further, by using gold-labelled particles for electron microscopy, the intracellular localisation of these hK4 antipeptide antibodies was reported here for the first time. Similar to the immunohistochemical results, the cytoplasm was the major site of localisation with the N-terminal and mid-region antipeptide antibodies. To further characterise the involvement of KLK4/hK4 in human prostate cancer progression, the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) model was used in this study. In this study, mouse KLK4 (also known as enamel matrix serine protease -1, EMSP-1) was shown to be expressed in the TRAMP prostate for the first time. Previous studies had only shown the developing tooth as a site of expression for EMSP-1. The level of EMSP-1 mRNA expression was increased in PIN and prostate cancer lesions of the TRAMP model, while negative or low levels of EMSP-1 mRNA were seen in normal glands or in control mouse prostate tissue. The normal mouse prostate did not stain with any the three hK4 antipeptide antibodies. hK4 N-terminal and mid-region antipeptide antibodies showed positive staining in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells of PIN and cancer lesions of the mouse prostate. The C-terminal antipeptide antibody showed distinctively nuclear staining and was predominantly localised in the nuclei of the glandular cells of PIN and cancer lesions of the mouse prostate. The expression patterns of both the mRNA and protein level for mouse KLK4 strongly supported the observations of KLK4/hK4 expression in the human prostate and further support the utility of the TRAMP model. Overall, the findings in this thesis indicate a clear association of KLK4/hK4 expression with prostate cancer progression. In addition, several intriguing findings were made in terms of cellular localisation (basal as well as secretory cells; nuclear and cytoplasmic) and high expression in atypical glandular cells and PIN, perhaps indicating an early involvement in prostate disease progression and, additionally, utility as basal cell and PIN histological markers. These findings provide the basis for future studies to confirm the utility of hK4 as a biomarker for prostate cancer progression and identify functional roles in the different cellular compartments.
13
Frankland, Burgu Sorgunlu. "Electron interference in the collision He2+ + H2 : A complete analogy with photon interference." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2002.
Full textAbstract:
Le phénomène d’interférences obtenu suite à une collision entre un projectile He2+ de basse énergie et une cible H2 a été étudié expérimentalement et théoriquement. La première partie de la thèse est consacrée à un récapitulatif historique sur les expériences d’interférences avec les électrons. L’expérience réalisée par notre groupe et les premiers résultats obtenus sont rappelés. Une analyse plus approfondie des résultats expérimentaux mettant en évidence la possibilité d’étendre l’analogie entre les interférences électroniques et photoniques est présentée. Une nouvelle expérience d’interférences photoniques réalisée montre clairement que des oscillations observées dans les distributions angulaires ont des origines multiples : la largeur et la position maximum de la distribution de longueur d’onde. Deux modèles susceptibles de reproduire les résultats expérimentaux sont considérés. Le modèle le plus simplifié basé sur la différence de marche entre les chemins pris par l’électron pour aller jusqu’au détecteur est d’abord présenté. Les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de ce modèle sont en accord avec les résultats expérimentaux. Un second modèle, basé sur la mécanique quantique, ne reproduit pas les résultats expérimentaux. La raison de cet échec et les limites de ce modèle sont explicitées. Les perspectives expérimentales et théoriques qui permettront de mieux comprendre le phénomène d’interférences électroniques sont détaillées dans la conclusion<br>The phenomenon of interference obtained following a collision between a projectile He2 + low energy and a target H2 has been studied experimentally and theoretically. The first part of the thesis is devoted to a historical summary of the interference experiments with electrons. The experiment carried out by our group and its first results are recalled. Further analysis of experimental results is presented, demonstrating the possibility of extending the analogy between electronic and photonic interference. A new experiment performed on photon interferences clearly shows that the oscillations observed in the angular distributions have multiple origins: the width and the position of the maximum in the wavelength distribution. Two models are considered in order to reproduce the experimental results. The most simplified model based on the phase-shift between different paths taken by the electron to reach the detector is first presented. The results obtained in the framework of this model are in agreement with the experimental results. A second model, based on quantum mechanics, does not reproduce the experimental results. The reason for this failure and the limits of this model are explained. The experimental and theoretical perspectives that will allow a better understanding of the phenomenon of electron interferences are detailed in the conclusion
14
Sigulla, Janine. "The multifactorial regulation of the immune checkpoint PD-L1 in the course of H. pylori infection." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22545.
Full textAbstract:
Eines der prävalentesten humanen Pathogene ist das Magenbakterium Helicobacter pylori, welches ca. die Hälfte der Weltbevölkerung infiziert. Die Persistenz geht mit einer chronischen Gastritis einher, welche bis zu Magenkrebs fortschreiten kann. H.pylori bedient sich diverser Mechanismen um sich der Erkennung des Immunsystems zu entziehen und somit eine chronische Infektion zu ermöglichen. Erhöhte Expression des Immunzellinhibitors PD-L1 wurde in Magenepithelzellen gefunden, welche mit diesem Gram-negativen Erreger infiziert wurden. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Regulation auf in vitro Ebene untersucht, wobei zwei unterschiedliche Mechanismen identifiziert wurden. Ursächlich für die frühe PD-L1-Induktion ist die ADP-heptose/ALPK1 Signalkaskade. Der bakterielle Metabolit ADP-heptose, welcher für die Bildung von LPS benötigt wird, wurde als PAMP identifiziert, welcher durch das Sekretionssystems cagT4SS in die infizierte transportiert und anschließend von der Host Kinase ALPK1 erkannt wird. Gegensätzlich hierzu, wurde festgestellt, dass die zweite PD-L1-Hochregulation auf der metabolischen Reprogrammierung des Wirts beruht. Ein Merkmal von H. pylori ist dessen Bedarf an Cholesterin, welches es aus dem Medium oder aus membranösen Lipidregionen des Wirts extrahiert wird. Es konnte bewiesen werden, dass dieser Sterol-Abbauprozess zu einer erhöhten Stoffwechselaktivität führt, die spezifisch mit einer Zunahme der Glykolyse verbunden ist und mit einer Expressionsverschiebung des ersten Glykolyseenzyms Hexokinase von der Isoform 1 zu 2 einhergeht. Knockdown und Knockout- Experimente wiesen auf einen Zusammenhang mit der Regulation des Immunzellinhibitoren PD-L1 hin.<br>One of the most prevalent bacteria is the gastric bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which infects half of the world’s population. Persistence is accompanied with chronic gastritis which can progress towards gastric cancer. Several strategies are used by H.pylori to evade the immune system, enabling chronic infection. Heightened expression of the immune cell inhibitor PD-L1 was found in gastric epithelial cells, infected with this Gram-negative pathogen. Within this thesis, upregulation was studied in in vitro models, revealing two distinct mechanism. Causative for early PD-L1 induction is the ADP heptose/ALPK1 signaling axis. The bacterial metabolite ADP heptose, which is needed for LPS synthesis, was identified as PAMP, which is transported through the secretion system cagT4SS into the infected cell and is recognized by the host kinase ALPK1. In contrast, late upregulation of PD-L1 was found to be linked to metabolic reprogramming upon infection. Characteristic to H.pylori is its need of cholesterol, which it has to extract from the surrounding medium or lipid-rich regions within the host membrane. It could be shown that this sterol extraction process is accompanied with an increased metabolic activity which is linked with enhanced glycolysis and an expression shift of the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase isoform 1 to 2. Knockdown and knockout experiments showed a link between HK2 and regulation of the immune checkpoint PD-L1.
15
Chan, Chui-man Truman, and 陳聚文. "Chinese Medicing Building, HKU." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31985002.
Full text
16
Chan, Chui-man Truman. "Chinese Medicing Building, HKU." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25950204.
Full text
17
Palmer, DT, and P. Sidorko. "ETDs, Leveraging the HKU IR." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622576.
Full textAbstract:
Conferencia realizado del 12 al 14 de setiembre en Lima, Peru del 2012 en el marco del 15º Simposio Internacional de Tesis y Disertaciones Electrónicas (ETD 2012). Evento aupiciado por la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) y la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC).<br>A mandate for ETD deposit at The University of Hong Kong (HKU) was first made
in 2001. Retrospective conversion projects with author consent, and assumed
consent, finished in 2011, producing an ETD collection, 20,000 strong, online in open
access, making HKU first in Asia with all of its thesis collection online, and perhaps
the single institution in the world with the largest such collection. In 2011 these
ETDs were merged into the HKU IR, The HKU Scholars Hub. Usage statistics of the
Hub increased dramatically. The January 2012 Webometric rankings of world
repositories showed the Hub climbing 114 places to number 50. In the race to grab
stakeholder attention, the addition of ETDs to the Hub is a win / win situation. The
Hub shows records for publications, grant projects, author profiles, organizations, all
interlinked to each other, showing all aspects of research at HKU [use idea of
CRIS?]. Professoriate profiles in the Hub show a list of their supervised research
students, and links to their finished fulltext theses, also in the Hub. These links are
likewise reciprocated for thesis supervisors in the thesis records. All HKU theses
now carry a DOI which increases discovery, and allows import of CrossRef citation
data. Rates of download of HKU ETDs have doubled almost every year since 2001.
All indications lead to the conclusion that having all facets of research in one
repository, add value to each other, and increase rates of discovery and re-use. This
then further brings increases in invitations for collaborative research, employment,
speaking engagements.., with a concomitant increase of the hosting institution.
18
Sit, Chi-wai, and 薛志威. "Hall living of HKU students." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31984137.
Full text
19
Sit, Chi-wai. "Hall living of HKU students." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25956759.
Full text
20
Horsten, Hans Henning von. "HE2, ein humanes Spermienoberflächenantigen epididymaler Herkunft." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=965260402.
Full text
21
Sehlberg, Marie. "Att undervisa elever med ADHD : Undervisningsmetoder med hänsyn till elevernas specifika svårigheter." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap (UV), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-40546.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med denna undersökning är att beskriva hur de svårigheter elever med ADHD har i skolan, samt hur vi pedagoger kan hjälpa dem tillgodogöra sig utbildningen. Undersökningen är kvalitativ och bygger på intervjuer av lärare som arbetat mycket med ADHD-elever. Jag har även tagit stöd i litteraturen för att återge de svårigheter dessa elever har, samt hur man enligt forskarna stöttar dessa elever på bästa sätt. Resultatet visar att det råder en stor kongruens mellan forskarnas och lärarnas undervisningsmetoder, men det finns också skillnader. Elever med ADHD är ingen homogen grupp, utan deras svårigheter varierar. Därför behöver man som lärare en stor kunskap om hur dessa elevers svårigheter yttrar sig samt hur man på bästa sätt kan undervisa för att underlätta både för läraren, övriga elever och eleven med ADHD.
22
Cheung, Wing-him Edward, and 張穎謙. "HKU extension: Music & Fine Arts complex." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986341.
Full text
23
Cheung, Wing-him Edward. "HKU extension : Music & Fine Arts complex /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25948647.
Full text
24
麥志華 and Chi-wah Mak. "Nas benchmark evaluation of HKU cluster of workstations." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29872984.
Full text
25
Moon, Daniel Robert. "Heterogeneous reactions involving HO2 radicals and atmospheric aerosols." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20699/.
Full textAbstract:
The hydroxyl radical (OH), along with the closely coupled species the hydroperoxyl radical (HO2), have a profound effect on the concentration and distribution of most trace atmospheric species associated with climate change and poor air quality as they are essential to the daytime oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere. Tropospheric and mesospheric models that only consider gas-phase chemistry often over predict concentrations of HO2 indicating that heterogeneous reactions with aerosols could be a possible sink. In order to investigate the kinetics of such reactions, the HO2 uptake coefficient (γ(HO2), i.e. the probability that HO2 will collide and react within or on the surface of an aerosol) has been measured onto a variety of aerosols applicable to the troposphere, stratosphere and mesosphere using an aerosol flow tube experiment coupled to a highly sensitive HO2 detector, known as Fluorescence Assay by Gas Expansion (FAGE), and a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS). Deliquesced inorganic aerosols containing transition metal ions (TMI) have been shown to react rapidly with HO2. Measurements of γ(HO2) onto deliquesced inorganic aerosols doped with different concentrations of Cu(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), mixtures of Cu(II) and Fe(II) and I- are presented within this work. HO2 uptake onto deliquesced inorganic aerosols doped with transition metal ions may not be as significant as previously thought. The Thornton expression, used in global modelling studies of HO2 uptake, can predict γ(HO2) at a relative humidity (RH) of 65%, however at a RH of 43%, near the efflorescence point ((NH4)2SO4 = 37%), good agreement was only observed at higher concentrations of Cu(II) and Fe(II) (> 0.1 M) possibly indicating that HO2 solubility decreases as HO2 diffuses further into the bulk of the aerosol. It was expected that as deliquesced NaCl aerosols have a higher pH (7) that most HO2 accommodated within the aerosols will dissociated to the more reactive species O2-. This should result in high values of γ(HO2), however γ(HO2) onto Cu(II)-doped NaCl aerosols was measured to be lower than γ(HO2) onto Cu(II)-doped (NH4)2SO4 aerosols with a lower pH, possibly due to the formation of [Cu(Cl)4]2- complexes which are repelled into the bulk of the aerosol by enhanced concentrations of Cl- ions within the interfacial layer. Measurements of γ(HO2) onto Fe(II)-doped NaCl aerosols were relatively high and agreed with predictions made by the Thornton expression. When irradiated with UVA light, γ(HO2) onto Cu(II)-doped (NH4)2SO4 was lowered, however γ(HO2) onto Cu(II)-doped NaCl remained the same. When the effect of irradiating Fe(II)-doped (NH4)2SO4 aerosols on γ(HO2) was investigated, results indicated possible production of OH. Measurements of γ(HO2) onto mixed Cu(II) and Fe(II)-doped (NH4)2SO4 aerosols could not verify the Mao hypothesis that an electron transfer reaction occurs between Cu(I) and Fe(III) resulting in the conversion of HO2 to H2O, rather than H2O2. However, values of γ(HO2) did not simply equal the sum of γ(HO2) onto Cu or Fe-doped aerosols individually, indicating that the presence of both TMI in the aerosol does alter the chemistry of the aerosol in some way. Irradiation of Cu(II) and Fe(II)-doped aerosols resulted in an enhancement of γ(HO2), possibly indicating an alternative mechanism than that proposed by Mao, where HO2 is converted to H2O via a photochemical mechanism. The presence of I- within NaCl aerosols does not result in a change of γ(HO2), however when converted to I2 by reaction with Cu(II) an enhancement of γ(HO2) greater than when doped with Cu(II) alone was observed Measurements of γ(HO2) onto TiO2, a possible candidate aerosol for use within solar-radiation management (SRM) schemes, showed a positive dependence on Relative Humidity (RH) which correlated with the number of monolayers of water adsorbed onto the TiO2 nanoparticle. This dependence suggests a mechanism by which HO2 adsorbs to the surface of the TiO2 particle by forming complexes with water molecules bound to bridging OH groups. The TOMCAT chemical transport model was used by Professor Chipperfield to predict the possible effects of HO2 uptake (using an upper limit of γ(HO2) = 1) onto the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles on the stratospheric concentrations of HO2 and O3. The amount of TiO2 used was chosen to achieve a similar cooling to that following the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, but the model predicted a very small loss of both stratospheric HO2 and O3. Upon illumination of airborne TiO2 nanoparticles with UV light, significant quantities of HO2 was formed within the gas-phase, thought to be the first direct observations of radicals emitted from the surface of airborne particles. The reaction is dependent on the presence of gas-phase O2 and H2O within the system. The production of HO2 was shown to slow down as a function of time irradiated pointing towards a photochemical aging process occurring on the surface of the TiO2 particles. The dependence of HO2 production on O2 and H2O concentrations was determined, which shows a typical Langmuir adsorption saturation curve for O2 suggesting it is the gas-phase reactant in this process. The addition of H2O into the system inhibits the reaction and reduces the adsorption equilibrium coefficient for both species. Reduction of O2 by photogenerated electrons is likely to be the initial step in this process followed by reaction with a proton. Hydrogen extraction from hydroxyl bridging groups (OHbr) groups by O2- could explain the slow down observed in the rate of HO2 production. Production of gas-phase OH radicals was investigated and showed OH was produced only when large concentrations of TiO2 aerosols entered the aerosol flow tube, probably associated with the decomposition of H2O2 formed from reactive uptake. Although the production of HO2 by TiO2 aerosols initially would not be advantageous for its use within SRM schemes, the reaction ceases upon prolonged photocatalytic aging of the aerosol surface. Meteoric smoke particles (MSP) provide the only significant surfaces within the mesosphere for heterogeneous reactions to occur. To investigate whether such reactions could, in some part, be responsible for the ‘HOx Dilemma’ measurements of γ(HO2) onto analogues of MSP, forsterite, olivine and fayalite, were conducted at a RH of 10%. These experiments showed forsterite to have the lowest reactivity with HO2, similar to that of effloresced inorganic aerosols, and olivine and fayalite to have a similar reactivity that was more than an order of magnitude greater than that of forsterite, thus demonstrating that the presence of Fe within the MSP is required for significant reactivity with HO2. Electronic structure calculations, conducted by Professor Plane, predicts that the difference in reactivity is associated mechanistic and energetic differences between the binding of HO2 to Fe and Mg sites, however, the positive dependence of γ(HO2) with RH and similar values of γ(HO2) for olivine and fayalite suggests that OH bridging groups or complexing with water molecules adsorbed to such sites, as with TiO2 nanoparticles, are adsorption sites for HO2. Taking the measurements made in this work and the likely dependence of γ(HO2) on temperature and RH, a value of 0.2 for γ(HO2) was applied by Dr Sandy James in WACCM-CARMA. This modelling study predicted reductions in the HO2 volume mixing ratio of up to 40% in the polar vortex. Impact to HO2 budgets in the mesosphere was found to be dependent on latitude, giving agreement with the presence of MSPs in the polar night.
26
Glowacz, Bartosz. "Detection of metastable He2* molecules in helium plasma." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066303.
Full textAbstract:
Les molécules métastables He2*, dans lesquelles un atome métastable He* (23S) et un atome dans l’état fondamental sont liés, sont fréquemment rencontrées dans les fluides d’hélium. Leur détection via la transition optique à 465 nm 3Σu+(v=0)-e3Πg(v=0) a été faite dans des plasmas d’He (P=8−267 mbar) avec un laser continu accordable, utilisant une addition de fréquences (lasers à 923 et 937 nm) dans un cristal de PP-KTP. Des mesures d’absorption donnent accès aux densités de He2* à partir des données spectroscopiques obtenues pour les niveaux rotationnels étudiés, principalement pour 3He2*, mais aussi dans les mélanges isotopiques et dans 4He pur. Les spectres d’absorption moléculaire montrent une bonne thermalisation des niveaux rotationnels. En plus de l’alternance attendue (statistique) des intensités des raies, une alternance de formes de raies a été observée dans 3He2*, révélant la structure sous-jacente des niveaux rotationnels. Des mesures d’absorption en post-décharge fournissent des données quantitatives sur la cinétique et les densités des espèces métastables. Lors d’une excitation intense à 1083 nm, la densité de He2* augmente car le taux formation à partir de l’état 23P est 100 fois plus fort qu’à partir de He*. Des mesures d’absorption par les atomes et par les molécules métastables ont été faites lors d’expériences de pompage optique (par échange de métastabilité, POEM) pour étudier la contribution potentielle des molécules à la relaxation induite par le pompage observée en POEM. Seule une augmentation modérée des densités moléculaires a été observée, bien moindre que l’augmentation spectaculaire simultanément observée pour les taux de relaxation nucléaire
27
Mak, Chi-wah. "Nas benchmark evaluation of HKU cluster of workstations /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20843318.
Full text
28
Matthews, Pascale S. J. "Heterogeneous uptake of HO2 radicals onto atmospheric aerosols." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7469/.
Full textAbstract:
HO2 uptake coefficients were measured onto a variety of sub-micron aerosols and over a range of experimental conditions using an aerosol flow tube coupled with a sensitive Fluorescence Assay by Gas Expansion (FAGE) cell. Experiments showed that the deliquesced salt aerosols had larger HO2 uptake coefficients (γ = 0.003 – 0.016) than the effloresced salt aerosols (γ < 0.004). Similarly, solid organics had smaller uptake coefficients (γ < 0.004) than aqueous organics which were small (γ < 0.004 – γ = 0.008) unless metal ions were present. No observable dependence upon aerosol size or aerosol pH was measured for aqueous salt aerosols. The mass accommodation was measured as 0.5 ± 0.3 by doping the aerosols with copper. Measurements also showed that the HO2 uptake coefficient was highly dependent upon the copper and iron concentrations and increased between copper concentrations of 10-4 – 10-2 M within the aerosol. However, the addition of organics such as EDTA and oxalic acid to copper doped aerosols decreased the HO2 uptake coefficient by a factor of ~ 50 – 100. The HO2 uptake coefficient onto copper doped sucrose aerosols increased with increasing relative humidity. Secondary organic aerosols were generated in situ in a smog chamber and small uptake coefficients were measured onto α-pinene derived aerosols (γ < 0.001) and 1,3,5 trimethylbenzene derived aerosols (γ = 0.004 ± 0.002). Measurements onto Arizona Test Dust (ATD) aerosols showed much higher HO2 uptake coefficients (γ = 0.018 ± 0.006) than salt and organic aerosols at an initial HO2 concentration of 1 × 109 molecule cm-3 and increased with increasing humidity. Experiments were also performed over a temperature range of 263 -313 K onto effloresced sodium chloride and ammonium sulphate aerosols and onto deliquesced ammonium nitrate and copper doped ammonium nitrate. For the deliquesced ammonium nitrate aerosols the HO2 uptake coefficient increased with decreasing temperature. Finally, a time and apparent HO2 concentration dependence was observed for aqueous salt aerosols, copper doped aqueous aerosols and for ATD with larger HO2 uptake coefficients at shorter times and at lower HO2 concentrations. Modelling was performed using the kinetic multi-layer model of aerosol surface and bulk chemistry (KM-SUB) and showed that for undoped aqueous aerosols the time dependence could be explained by a decrease in the HO2 concentrations along the flow tube. The apparent HO2 concentration had the potential to be explained by a Fenton-like reaction whereby hydrogen peroxide exiting the injector was converted to HO2 within the aerosols, due to the presence of trace amounts of transition metal ions, which then partitioned back to the gas phase.
29
Chan, Carolyn. "Characterization of the extended kallikrein (KLK) gene family in the normal and malignant endometrium." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2003.
Find full text
30
Bb, Aa. "AA." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009718.
Full text
31
Martinez, David. "Habermas's project of social criticism : between normativity, institutions and practices." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/68219/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis maintains that Jürgen Habermas‘s moral and political theories rely on a modified version of Kant‘s notion of normativity. Taking this as a starting point, it examines this component in light of criticisms inspired by Hegel‘s critique of Kant. The thesis shows that Habermas can answer most of the criticisms that could arise from Hegel‘s critique. That said, Hegel‘s criticism of the will as a tester of maxims does apply to Habermas. This criticism states that Kant cannot connect the universal will of morality and the particular will of the empirical subject because he rules out particular contents as susceptible of being universalized. And it can apply to Habermas because he set strict limits to what can count as a content which may bleed into the justification of moral norms and, following Kenneth Baynes – in his interpretation of Habermas‘s theory –, of legal and political norms. To be justifiable, – according to Habermas – these norms need to embody generalizable interests and they cannot be based on particular interests. However, Habermas infers from this that norms can only be justified with impartial, that is agent-neutral reasons, and cannot be justified with agent-relative reasons. From this, emerges the question whether and to what extent a theory of this sort can successfully include particular contents (for example a particular agents‘ real interests, inclinations and needs). The strict version of the generalizability of norms seems to occlude this possibility. Nonetheless, it is possible to rebut this criticism by slackening the strong version of normative justification that Habermas has built into the theory. By means of an analysis of two elements that he incorporates into his reconstruction of the normative point of view, namely, the concept of ideal role taking and the notion of mutual recognition, it is possible to argue that the loosening of the strict notion of generalizability is a modification that does not contradict and actually coheres with Habermas‘s Kantian concept of moral reason, and this operation fortifies the theory in the face of the Hegelian criticism of the will as a tester of maxims. To develop these issues, this work is divided in two parts with two chapters each part. Part I is an analysis of Habermas‘s notion of moral reason and autonomy and it reconstructs its normative Kantianism. After that, it discusses Hegelian criticisms of Habermas‘s moral theory. Part II focuses on Habermas‘s political Kantianism in Between Facts and Norms and in the debate with Rawls and it examines Hegelian criticisms of that Kantianism.
32
Rees, Dafydd Huw. "Translating the sacred : religion and postsecularism in the recent work of Jürgen Habermas." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/58461/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the “postsecular turn” taken by the philosophy of Jürgen Habermas since 2001, with a particular focus on his political theory. It argues that the postsecular turn was motivated primarily by the limitations of Habermas' philosophical paradigm of postmetaphysical thinking. It then analyses his model of postsecular deliberative democracy, and argues that the model should be rejected due to its reliance on an unworkable procedure of sacred-to-secular translation. The thesis is divided into three parts. Part 1 is an analysis of the place of religion in Habermas' writings on social theory from the 1970s and 1980s. It outlines his original account of religious language, and of the “linguistification of the sacred” which accompanies the transition from traditional to modern societies. Part 2 focuses on Habermas' paradigm of postmetaphysical thinking, and shows that the paradigm creates the conditions for postmetaphysical thinkers to appropriate religious concepts. It also argues that Habermas' inability to address the “anthropic problem” in postmetaphysical terms led to his turn to postsecularism. Part 3 examines the model of postsecular deliberative democracy which Habermas has argued for since 2001. Drawing on the accounts of religious language from Part 1 and of appropriation from Part 2, it concludes that the procedure of sacred-to-secular translation on which the model relies is unworkable.
33
Sin, Nga-kwok Francesca, and 冼雅珏. "Issues of intercultural communication among undergraduate students of HKU." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44391146.
Full text
34
Olcer, Tuncay Ugurlu. "H2/h." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615636/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In fin actuation systems, the performance of classical linear control systems is not satisfactory due to uncertainty of the system parameters and disturbances of the working medium. For this reason, sliding mode, H2 or H&infin<br>robust controllers are widely used in literature for such systems. However, use of such controllers results in very conservative system responses. Based on this fact, in this thesis, development of a more effective robust controller is aimed via integration of the optimum properties of the existent pure H2 and H&infin<br>type robust controllers. To achieve this, during the controller synthesizing procedure, some of the optimization parameters are weighted according to H2 norm minimization, and parameter uncertainties and other variables are weighted according to H&infin<br>theorem. First, the system set up to be controlled is physically constructed and performed system identification processes. Then, two different types of robust controllers H2 and H&infin<br>controllers are designed and tested over both the real system and simulation. Finally an H2/H&infin<br>mixed type controller synthesized and the results are compared with the outputs of the robust controllers of the previous step.
35
Hänninen, Matilda. "Studio H2." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Tekniska Högskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-21739.
Full text
36
Menent, Melis. "Constitutional patriotism in Jürgen Habermas's political thought." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2018. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/79083/.
Full textAbstract:
Constitutional patriotism is a term introduced but not developed by Jürgen Habermas. Muller's approach to Constitutional Patriotism has brought more substance into it. This thesis is a journey through Habermasian scholarship, primarily, for finding pieces of constitutional patriotism. The scope of this is not limited to jurisprudence or sociology alone but it is interdisciplinary in nature. Constitutional patriotism was an idea put forward by Jürgen Habermas in the aftermath of the Second World War. I have a reconstructive approach to the emergence of CP in the first few chapters of my thesis. I lay down the intellectual and political context which gave rise to it. I will maintain that it is not only the immediacy of the German political context which gave rise to the emergence of the term Constitutional Patriotism. Constitutional Patriotism also stands on different aspects of his political philosophy. Philosophical and sociological aspects of Habermas`s work have different dimensions which could be interpreted into CP. His direct references to the term CP are very rare. This thesis aims to bring together the different meanings underlying his philosophy. I maintain that seemingly different concepts of his philosophy can, and ought to be read constructively with a view to a holistic umbrella term which I bring under CP. In this thesis, these concepts are identity, Europe, human rights, cosmopolitanism, the self and democracy. Constitutional patriotism, which I seek to construct here, is a new idea of attachment. It is based on existing forms of political and social attachment. In this respect, it is ‘post'-national. Identity, in Constitutional Patriotism, is a form of attachment. It's a relationship with your own self and with others. It accepts that the individual and the collective are closely linked while investigating the political and social dimension of these relationships. It seeks to increase the critical thinking capacity. This process paves the way for the realisation of abstract political and legal ideals such as human rights and democracy. Each chapter of this thesis follows the former and opens up the space for discussion for the latter. I hope that each reader will find a small piece of herself in it.
37
Furrer, Daniela. "The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in the breast cancer : from measurement to targeted treatment." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37361.
Full textAbstract:
La surexpression du récepteur 2 du facteur de croissance épidermique humain (HER2) et/ou l’amplification du gène HER2 sont des facteurs prédictifs du cancer du sein. Avec l’introduction du traitement ciblé au trastuzumab, l’évaluation fiable d’HER2 est devenue essentielle. Malheureusement, jusqu’à 50% des patientes HER2-positives développent une résistance envers ce médicament. Les objectifs étaient : 1) déterminer la façon la plus fiable et économique pour évaluer le statut HER2 (cohorte de 521 cas consécutifs de cancer du sein); 2) examiner l’association entre deux polymorphismes d’HER2 (Ile655Val et Ala1170Pro), la consommation de tabac et d’alcool et la réponse au trastuzumab (cohorte de 236 patientes HER2-positives traitées au trastuzumab). De plus, dans une étude pilote, nous avons examiné l’association entre les patrons de méthylation d’ADN dans la tumeur et la réponse au trastuzumab (cohorte de 12 patientes HER2-positives traitées au trastuzumab). Le statut HER2 a été évalué par immunohistochimie (IHC), hybridation fluorescente in situ (FISH) et essai TaqMan. Nous avons comparé le statut HER2 déterminé par FISH sur lame complète (LC, un tissu par lame) et par matrice tissulaire (TMA, 60 tissus par lame), ainsi que le statut HER2 évalué par IHC et FISH sur le bloc ayant servi pour le diagnostic (bloc diagnostique) et sur un bloc choisi aléatoirement (bloc aléatoire). Les informations cliniques ont été obtenues dans les dossiers médicaux, celles sur la consommation de tabac et d’alcool par des questionnaires validés. Le patron de méthylation d’ADN a été évalué en utilisant la micropuce Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. La concordance générale entre le statut HER2 déterminé par FISH sur LC et TMA était de 98,2%, et celle entre les blocs diagnostiques et aléatoires était de 98,0% au FISH et de 93,6% à l’IHC. La consommation de tabac et l’allèle Val étaient associés à une moins bonne réponse, tandis que la consommation d’alcool était associée à une meilleure réponse. Le patron de méthylation dans les tumeurs de patientes atteintes d’un cancer du sein HER2- positif qui ont développé une résistance au trastuzumab diffère de celui des patientes qui répondent au traitement. Cependant, ces résultats semblent dépendre de la méthode bioinformatique d’analyse utilisée. Nous concluons que l’évaluation d’HER2 par FISH sur TMA représente une méthode fiable et économique. Les taux de concordances obtenus par FISH, mais pas ceux observés à l’IHC, satisfont l’exigence du Collège des pathologistes américains d’au moins 95% de concordance entre les résultats obtenus avec la méthode de référence et la nouvelle méthode. Le tabagisme, la consommation d’alcool et le polymorphisme HER2 Ile655Val pourraient influencer la réponse au traitement au trastuzumab.<br>The overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and/or HER2 gene amplification are predictive factors in breast cancer. Following the HER2-targeted treatment with trastuzumab, the reliable evaluation of HER2 has become essential. Unfortunately, up to 50% of HER2-positive breast cancer patients develop resistance towards this drug. The objectives were: 1). To determine the most reliable and economical method to evaluate HER2 status (cohort of 521 consecutive breast cancer cases); 2). To examine the association between tobacco and alcohol consumption, and two HER2 polymorphisms (Ile655Val and Ala1170Pro), and the response to trastuzumab (cohort of 236 HER2-positive breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab). Moreover, in a pilot study, we explored the association between genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in breast cancer tissues and the response to trastuzumab (cohort of 12 breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab). HER2 status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and TaqMan assay. We compared HER2 status determined by FISH on whole tissue (WT, one tissue per slide) section and tissue microarray (TMA, 60 tissues per slide) section, and HER2 status evaluated by IHC and FISH on the block used for diagnostic (diagnostic block) and on a randomly chosen additional block (random block). Clinicopathological information were assessed by review of medical records, tobacco and alcohol consumption by an administered validated questionnaire. DNA methylation patterns were evaluated using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Overall concordance between HER2 status determined by FISH on WT and TMA sections was 98.2% and that between diagnostic and random blocks was 98.0% for FISH and 93.6% for IHC. Tobacco consumption and the Val allele were associated with a worse response, whereas alcohol consumption was associated with a better response. Methylation pattern in tumor tissues of HER2-positive breast cancer patients who acquired resistance to trastuzumab treatment differed from that of HER2-positive breast cancer patients who responded to trastuzumab treatment. However, this observation seemed to depend upon the method of bioinformatics analysis used. We conclude that FISH performed on TMA section represents a reliable and economical method for the evaluation of HER2. Results obtained by FISH, but not those obtained by IHC, fulfill the recommendations of the College of American Pathologists of concordance greater than 95% between the reference method and the new method. Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and Ile655Val HER2 polymorphism might influence the response to trastuzumab treatment.
38
謝得慧 and Tak-wai Deborah Tse. "The fundraising culture in tertiary institutions: the case of HKU." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41012707.
Full text
39
Tyutyaev, Pavel [Verfasser]. "Untersuchung der σ-Pore in spannungsabhängigen hKv-Kanälen / Pavel Tyutyaev". Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166757293/34.
Full text
40
Ястремська, Лариса Сергіївна, І. Прекрасна, О. Таширев, and г. Снєгур. "Resistance of Negev desert microbial community to Cu2+ and Hg2+." Thesis, National Aviation University, 2013. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/38607.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the work is to evaluate the ability to keep stabile functioning of microbial community of Negev Desert clay (Israel) in the presence of typical for damaging effect toxic metals - Cu2 + and Hg2+ .
The results show the stability of Negev desert microbial community to the extremely high bactericidal concentrations of toxic metals (1000 mg/l Cu2+and 10 mg/l Hg2+), despite the trace concentrations of these metals (0,23 mg/l Cu2+) in the desert ecosystem. This indicates a high resistance and ability of microbial cenosis to adapt to extreme factors. It can be supposed, according to obtained results, that Negev desert microbial community is able to interact with toxic metals and involve them in biogeochemical cycles. On the base of metal resistant microorganisms from Negev desert ecosystem development the technology of industrial heavy metal wastewater purification is available.
41
Schneider, Marc. "Nouveaux antagonistes 5-ht2 : derives de l'(indolyl-1) alkylamine." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991STR13181.
Full textAbstract:
L'historique de la decouverte des recepteurs serotoninergiques et leur classification sont discutes dans l'introduction. La structure et les principaux effets fonctionnels du recepteur 5-ht#2 sont decrits dans le chapitre suivant. Une etude bibliographique des antagonistes 5-ht#2 fait apparaitre 3 elements essentiels pour une bonne affinite: une amine tertiaire et 2 systemes aromatiques, ou un systeme aromatique et un systeme riche en electrons pi delocalises, dont l'un peut etre qualifie de principal, et l'autre de secondaire. Nous avons etudie l'importance du systeme secondaire en ajoutant un noyau phtalimide en tant que centre actif aromatique secondaire a des structures qui en sont depourvues: les (indolyl-1) et (phenyl-2 indolyl-1) alkylamines. L'activite antagoniste des molecules a ete determinee a l'aide d'un modele pharmacologique in vitro specifiquement lie aux recepteurs 5-ht#2: l'agregation plaquettaire. Les molecules testees inhibent l'agregation potentialisee par la serotonine et induite par l'adp. L'introduction du groupe phtalimide n'a pas ameliore l'ic50 des molecules de depart (1-10 microm). Le remplacement du noyau tetrahydro-1,2,3,4 quinazolinedione-2,4 centre actif aromatique secondaire de la ketanserine (ic50: 0,014 microm), par des noyaux indole ou phenyl-2 indole conduit a des derives ayant des ic50 de 0,067 et 0,198 microm respectivement. Ainsi, le centre actif aromatique principal d'un antagoniste 5-ht#2 ayant 2 systemes aromatiques doit etre inclu dans une structure peu flexible comportant l'amine tertiaire
42
Tse, Tak-wai Deborah. "The fundraising culture in tertiary institutions the case of HKU /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41012707.
Full text
43
Williams, Bryan J. "Discovery and characterization of the HP2 phage in haemophilus influenzae." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9998524.
Full text
44
Alarcon, fernandes previdello Bruno. "Effet de l'orientation sur les nanofilms de Pd/Pt(hkl) : électrodépôt, caractérisation et isothermes électrochimiques de Pd-H Orientation effect on Pd/Pt(hkl) nanofilms." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00820121.
Full textAbstract:
Le présent travail s'intéresse à l'électro-dépôt et à la caractérisation des nanofilms Pt/Pd(hkl) ainsi que leurs propriétés en relation avec le stockage d'hydrogène. Les effets de taille nanométrique, de l'épaisseur et de l'orientation cristallographique du substrat ont été étudiés.En comparant les films Pd/Pt(111) et Pd/Pt(100), des caractéristiques distinctes ont été observées aussi bien pour les courbes d'électro-dépôt que durant les caractérisations électrochimiques et par AFM ex situ. Les dépôts Pd/Pt(100) ont montré la présence d'un dépôt en sous tension jusqu'à deux couches atomiques, ce qui est assez inhabituel. Les films plus épais montrent la présence de pyramides à base carrée alignées sur l'orientation (100) du substrat. Au contraire, seule la première couche de Pd/Pt(111) se dépose en sous-tension et le dépôt présente un caractère pseudomorphe jusqu'à 10 couches complètes.L'absorption d'hydrogène dans les nanofilms de Pd/Pt(100) a été étudiée avec une méthode " classique " dans une solution d'acide sulfurique. Nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode recourant à une électrode tournante à ménisque suspendu pour mesurer l'insertion d'hydrogène dans les films les plus minces de Pd/Pt(111), où l'insertion d'hydrogène et le dégagement de H2(g) ne sont pas bien séparés.Les isothermes d'insertion d'hydrogène présentent des points communs entre les deux systèmes, comme la réduction du taux maximal d'insertion (H/Pd)max comparé au Pd massif, valeur qui décroît avec la réduction d'épaisseur. La largeur de la région biphasique décroît aussi avec la réduction d'épaisseur de film et présent une pente. Cette pente a été attribuée à la présence de sites d'insertion non-équivalents résultant des contraintes induites par le substrat. Cependant, pour Pd/Pt(100), la pente est moins prononcée et la valeur de (H/Pd)max décroît plus rapidement avec l'épaisseur. Sa valeur pour Pd5ML/Pt(100) est à peine supérieure au taux d'insertion αmax du Pd massif.
45
Alarcon, Fernandes Previdello Bruno. "Effet de l'orientation sur les nanofilms de Pd/Pt(hkl) : électrodépôt, caractérisation et isothermes électrochimiques de Pd-H Orientation effect on Pd/Pt(hkl) nanofilms." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENI003/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le présent travail s’intéresse à l’électro-dépôt et à la caractérisation des nanofilms Pt/Pd(hkl) ainsi que leurs propriétés en relation avec le stockage d’hydrogène. Les effets de taille nanométrique, de l’épaisseur et de l’orientation cristallographique du substrat ont été étudiés.En comparant les films Pd/Pt(111) et Pd/Pt(100), des caractéristiques distinctes ont été observées aussi bien pour les courbes d’électro-dépôt que durant les caractérisations électrochimiques et par AFM ex situ. Les dépôts Pd/Pt(100) ont montré la présence d’un dépôt en sous tension jusqu’à deux couches atomiques, ce qui est assez inhabituel. Les films plus épais montrent la présence de pyramides à base carrée alignées sur l’orientation (100) du substrat. Au contraire, seule la première couche de Pd/Pt(111) se dépose en sous-tension et le dépôt présente un caractère pseudomorphe jusqu’à 10 couches complètes.L’absorption d’hydrogène dans les nanofilms de Pd/Pt(100) a été étudiée avec une méthode « classique » dans une solution d’acide sulfurique. Nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode recourant à une électrode tournante à ménisque suspendu pour mesurer l’insertion d’hydrogène dans les films les plus minces de Pd/Pt(111), où l’insertion d’hydrogène et le dégagement de H2(g) ne sont pas bien séparés.Les isothermes d’insertion d’hydrogène présentent des points communs entre les deux systèmes, comme la réduction du taux maximal d’insertion (H/Pd)max comparé au Pd massif, valeur qui décroît avec la réduction d’épaisseur. La largeur de la région biphasique décroît aussi avec la réduction d’épaisseur de film et présent une pente. Cette pente a été attribuée à la présence de sites d’insertion non-équivalents résultant des contraintes induites par le substrat. Cependant, pour Pd/Pt(100), la pente est moins prononcée et la valeur de (H/Pd)max décroît plus rapidement avec l’épaisseur. Sa valeur pour Pd5ML/Pt(100) est à peine supérieure au taux d’insertion αmax du Pd massif<br>The present work focuses on the electro-deposition and characterization of Pd/Pt(hkl) nanofilms and on their properties concerning hydrogen storage. The effects of the nanometric size, of the thickness and of the substrate’s orientation have been studied.Comparing Pd/Pt(111) and Pd/Pt(100) films, distinct features were observed either in the electrodeposition curve or in the electrochemical and ex situ AFM characterizations. Pd/Pt(100) deposits have shown the presence of an UPD process up to two layers, which is a quite uncommon phenomenon. Thicker films show the presence of square based pyramids, following the substrate’s (100) orientation. On the contrary, only the first layer is Under Potentially Deposited in Pd/Pt(111) films and the deposit presents a pseudomorphic character up to about 10 complete layers.Hydrogen absorption into the Pd/Pt(100) nanofilms was studied following a “classical” method in sulphuric acid medium. We have developed a new method using the hanging meniscus rotating disk electrode (HMRDE) to measure the hydrogen insertion into ultra-thin Pd/Pt(111) films, where H insertion and HER (Hydrogen Evolution Reaction) are not well separated. The hydrogen insertion isotherms present some common points between the two studied systems, like smaller value of the maximum hydrogen insertion rate (H/Pd)max compared to bulk Pd, value which decreases with the decrease of the thickness. The two-phase region width decreases with film thickness as well and presents a slope. Such slope has been attribtued to the presence of non-equivalent insertion sites due to substrate induced constraints. Nevertheless, for Pd/Pt(100) the slope is less pronounced and (H/Pd)max value decreases more rapidly with thickness. Its value in correspondence of Pd5ML/Pt(100) is only slightly higher than the αmax insertion rate of bulk Pd
46
Ahlberg, Johan, and Roland Lindblom. "H2 För racing." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2636.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Abstract</p><p>Motor sports have been around as long as motor vehicles have been. Sports are often seen as costly polluter but in the same time the motor sports have encourages a large part of development, both for vehicles and other industries. Inventions like rear mirror and ABS brakes come from motor sports. </p><p>One way to once again drive development forward while making motor sports carbon-neutral is to run the race cars on hydrogen. </p><p>In this thesis, the goal is to convert a spark ignition engine for hydrogen operation. The basis for the hydrogen conversion is the current situation analysis, which raises questions about racing, safety, economy and technology. </p><p>In the current situation the most hydrogen are made from natural gas reforming, giving a net increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The technology and the desire are to produce hydrogen from all eco-friendly sources such as hydro, solar and wind power. Today, hydrogen is stored efficiently in 700 bars composite tanks. </p><p> This thesis shows how easy most diesel, wankel or spark ignition engines can be converted to hydrogen. Our engine has been converted through the reconstruction of ignition and fuel systems for hydrogen.</p><p>One possible scenario for hydrogen racing is to use professor Stenmark hydrogen balls (macro-spheres) in a piping system in the car. As the macro-spheres can be easily inserted in the pipe, the safety, space and emphasis in the car improved significantly against other storage methods of hydrogen. Today there are no race classes for hydrogen vehicles, but in the future, hydrogen vehicles can perhaps compete on equal terms or in their own classes.</p>
47
Mower, Alecia. "Effects of Water Vapor on the Kinetics of the Methylperoxy Radical Self-reaction and Reaction with Hydroperoxy." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2007. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2190.pdf.
Full text
48
Wöstheinrich, Karin. "Einsatzmöglichkeiten des Hüttlin-Kugelcoaters HKC 05-TJ unter Einbeziehung von Simulationen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963242717.
Full text
49
Liu, Limin. "Ab initio calculations on HX2-Systems (X=F, C1, Br, I)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0017/MQ54722.pdf.
Full text
50
Harrysson, Louise. "Kalibreringav mikrovågsinstrumentet HK1-Mc för ostarna Herrgård 17 % och Grevé 17 %." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-31287.
Full textAbstract:
Under föreliggande studie studerades vattenhalten och höjden hos hårdostsorterna Herrgård med en fetthalt på 17 % (H17 %) och Grevé med en fetthalt på 17 %(G17 %). Syftet med studien var att kalibrera mikrovågsinstrumentet HK1-Mc. Instrumentet använder produktens höjd och vattens dielektriska egenskaper, för att mäta vattenhalten hos ostarna. Arbetet inleddes med en enpunktskalibrering av instrumentet varpå erhållna mätdata jämfördes med analysvärden från ett FTIR-instrument, som användes som referensanalysmetod. Erhållna mätvärden från mikrovågsinstrumentet och IR-instrumentet matades in i ett kalkylprogram som rekommenderats av tillverkaren, (Harrer & Kassen), varpå lämpligt ”slope” och ”intercept” erhölls för mikrovågsinstrumentet. Enligt erhållna mätvärden på vattenhalt från HK1-Mc respektive FTIR-instrumentet förelåg en korrelation mellan instrumenten på 1,1 %. Enligt erhållna värden från instrumentet HK1-Mc, finns det ett samband mellan vattenhalten och höjden på ostarna, determinationskoefficient på 60,4 %, efter kalibrering. Resultatet kan ej anses rimligt vid kalibrering av instrumentet och enligt mätvärden erhållna från referensinstrumentet är sambandet betydligt svagare, determintationskoefficient på 3,5 %, mellan vattenhalt och höjd efter kalibrering. Detta värde kan anses rimligt vid kalibrering av instrumentet. Korrelationen mellan vattenhalt och höjd kan bero på en förändring i förhållande mellan bundet och fritt vatten i och med att höjden på ostarna förändras med tiden. Korrelationen kan även bero på att uttagna prover under pågående kalibrering inte haft en tillräckligt stor spridning, vilket kan leda till att lutningen hos kalibreringskurvan blir felaktig. I slutskedet av arbetet upptäcktes att samtliga tidigare kalibrerade kanaler i mikrovågsinstrumentet ger en korrelation mellan vattenhalt och höjd. Trenden hos samtliga kanaler gör att nuvarande pågående kalibrering är obrukbar. Det finns misstanke om att minnet eller höjdsensorn hos instrumentet på något sätt har förändrats eller påverkats. Flera andra tekniska orsaker kan ligga till grund för instruments beteende.Orsaken / orsakerna till de tekniska problemen är under utredning.<br>The present study investigated the water content and the height of the hard cheese varieties Herrgård with a fat content of 17% (H17%) and Grevé with a fat content of 17% (G17%). The aim of this study was to calibrate the microwave instrument HK1-Mc. The microwave instrument HK1-Mc uses the microwaves in combination with the product height and dielectric properties of water, to measure the water content in cheeses. The work began with a one-point calibration of the instrument, where obtained data were compared with assay values from an FTIR instrument, which was used as the reference method of analysis. The obtained measurement data from the microwave instrument and IR instrument where inserted into a spreadsheet program recommended by the manufacturer HK1-Mc, (Harrer & Kassen), from which the appropriate "slope" and "intercept" values were obtained for the microwave instrument. According to the measurements obtained on water from HK1-Mc respective FTIR instrument there is a correlation between the instruments of 1.1%.According to the measurements obtained from the instrument HK1-Mc, there is a correlation between water content and height of the cheeses, coefficient of determination of 60.4%, after calibration, this results can not be considered reasonable in the calibration of the instrument. According to measurements obtained from the reference instrument the relationship is significantly weaker, determintationskoefficient of 3.5% between water content and height after calibration, this value can be considered reasonable in the calibration of the instrument. The correlation between water content and height can be due to a change in the relationship between bound and free water because the height of the cheeses changes with time. The correlation may also be due to that the samples during calibration had a narrow distribution, which may have led to the “slope” of the calibration curve being incorrect. In the final stage of the work it was discovered that all of the previously calibrated channels in the microwave instrument provide a correlation between water content and height. The trend among all channels makes the current calibration unusable. There is a suspicion that the memory or height sensor of the instrument has been changed or influenced. Several other technical reasons can be the basis for the instrument's behavior. The cause / causes of the technical problems are under investigation.