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1
Sun, Fangfang, Qing Zheng, Hualin Fan, and Daining Fang. "The Mechanical Properties of Hierarchical Truss-Walled Lattice Materials." International Journal of Applied Mechanics 09, no. 02 (March 2017): 1750027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1758825117500272.
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To construct a hierarchical lattice structure (HLS), truss wall is introduced into ordinary lattice structure (OLS). Young’s modulus, yield strength and buckling stress of HLSs were evaluated theoretically. Failure maps of different HLSs were plotted and compared based on the theoretical analyses. It is indicated that mechanical behaviors of hexagonal HLSs made of triangular lattice walls can be greatly enhanced by the hierarchical wall structure, while properties of triangular HLSs are weakened, except the anti-buckling resistance. When HLSs are made of bending-dominated honeycomb walls, their properties will be reduced, indicating that hierarchical structure should be appropriately designed to make ultra-light structures benefit from this construction. This viewpoint is strengthened by the discussions on the performances of high order lattice structures, where only bending-dominated HLSs with stretching-dominated lattice wall benefit from the hierarchy.
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Unger, J. K., G. Catapano, N. A. Horn, A. Schroers, J. C. Gerlach, and R. Rossaint. "Comparative Analysis of Metabolism of Medium-and Plasma Perfused Primary Pig Hepatocytes Cultured around a 3-D Membrane Network." International Journal of Artificial Organs 23, no. 2 (February 2000): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139880002300207.
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Culture media are frequently used in the evaluation of metabolical functions of hepatocytes in hybrid liver support systems (hLSS). However, media compositions differ substantially from those of plasma. Therefore, our study was designed to investigate whether current in vitro studies with medium are suitable to assess the metabolical competence of hLSS-cultures during clinical application as well as to explore whether the cell nutrition with medium provides a suitable modus operandi for stand by cultivation. Paired bioreactor cultures were perfused with either Williams’ Medium E (MPB) or human plasma (PPB). About 6x108 primary pig hepatocytes (>97% viability) were cultured in three laboratory scale bioreactors designed according to Gerlach's bioreactor-concept. Different perfusion protocols were initiated after a standardised period allowing for cell attachment and reorganisation in aggregates. Whereas patterns of enzyme release were similar in both protocols the metabolical behaviour was different between MPB (anabolic state) and PPB (catabolic state). Furthermore, compared to MPB the lidocaine-MEGX-tests for PPB demonstrated lower MEGX-concentrations and a different reaction pattern. We conclude that the nutrition of hepatocytes with medium during the stand by period itself might influence the cell function and subsequently the efficacy of the hLSS-treatment during clinical application. (Int J Artif Organs 2000; 23: 104–10)
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Gavriilidou, Zoe, and Lydia Mitits. "The Socio-linguistic Profiles, Identities, and Educational Needs of Greek Heritage Language Speakers in Chicago." Journal of Language and Education, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/jle.2021.11959.
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The present study aims to further the research on heritage language speakers (HLSs) by providing the socio-linguistic profiles and identities of an uninvestigated community of heritage speakers, namely the Greeks of Chicago, thus offering data for a less-studied HL, Greek. The participants were fifty-four (N=54) first, second, and third-generation Greek HLSs. The socio-linguistic data were collected through an online survey, while identification with Greek culture as well as ethnic attachment and practice of Greek traditions were investigated through the content analysis of data from the Greek Heritage Language Corpus. The results of the study are discussed with respect to how they can improve our knowledge of the educational needs of Greek HL learners. This research-based knowledge can be employed for addressing the academic needs of HL learners through educational programs. The authors propose an agenda for a more linguistically and culturally responsive education program for HL learners, in general, and Greek HL learners in diasporic communities, in particular.
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Zhai, Zhongxu, Yun Wang, Andrew Benson, Chia-Hsun Chuang, and Gustavo Yepes. "Linear bias and halo occupation distribution of emission-line galaxies from Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 2 (May 27, 2021): 2784–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1539.
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ABSTRACT We present measurements of the linear galaxy bias of Hα and [O iii] emission-line galaxies (ELGs) for the High Latitude Spectroscopic Survey (HLSS) of Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (or Roman), using galaxy mocks constructed using semi-analytical model for galaxy formation, Galacticus, with a large cosmic volume and redshift coverage. We compute the two-point statistics of galaxies in configuration space and measure linear bias within scales of 10–50 h−1 Mpc. We adopt different selection algorithms to investigate the impact of the Roman line flux cut, as well as the effect of dust model used to calibrate Galacticus, on the bias measurements. We consider galaxies with Hα and [O iii] emissions over the redshift range 1 < z < 3, as specified by the current baseline for the Roman HLSS. We find that the linear bias for the Hα and [O iii] ELGs can be expressed as a linear function with respect to redshift: b ≃ 0.9z + 0.5 for H$\alpha \, (1\lt z\lt 2)$, and b ≃ z + 0.5 for [O iii] (2 < z < 3). We have also measured the halo occupation distributions of these Hα and [O iii] ELGs to understand their distribution within dark matter haloes. Our results provide key input to enable the reliable forecast of dark energy and cosmology constraints from Roman.
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Endersby, Raelene, Ian J. Majewski, Louise Winteringham, Jennifer G. Beaumont, Amy Samuels, Robin Scaife, Esther Lim, Merlin Crossley, S. Peter Klinken, and Jean-Philippe Lalonde. "Hls5 regulated erythroid differentiation by modulating GATA-1 activity." Blood 111, no. 4 (February 15, 2008): 1946–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-04-085746.
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Hemopoietic lineage switch (Hls) 5 and 7 were originally isolated as genes up-regulated during an erythroid-to-myeloid lineage switch. We have shown previously that Hls7/Mlf1 imposes a monoblastoid phenotype on erythroleukemic cells. Here we show that Hls5 impedes erythroid maturation by restricting proliferation and inhibiting hemoglobin synthesis; however, Hls5 does not influence the morphology of erythroid cells. Under the influence of GATA-1, Hls5 relocates from cytoplasmic granules to the nucleus where it associates with both FOG-1 and GATA-1. In the nucleus, Hls5 is able to suppress GATA-1–mediated transactivation and reduce GATA-1 binding to DNA. We conclude that Hls5 and Hls7/Mlf1 act cooperatively to induce biochemical and phenotypic changes associated with erythroid/myeloid lineage switching.
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Bruno, Stefania, Maria Beatriz Herrera Sanchez, Chiara Pasquino, Marta Tapparo, Massimo Cedrino, Ciro Tetta, and Giovanni Camussi. "Human Liver-Derived Stem Cells Improve Fibrosis and Inflammation Associated with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis." Stem Cells International 2019 (June 2, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6351091.
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Cell therapy may be regarded as a feasible alternative to whole organ transplantation to treat end-stage liver diseases. Human liver stem cells (HLSCs) are a population of cells easily obtainable and expandable from a human adult liver biopsy. HLSCs share with mesenchymal stromal cells the same phenotype, gene expression profile, and differentiation capabilities. In addition, HLSCs show a specific commitment to the hepatic phenotype. Injection of HLSCs into immunodeficient mice fed with a methionine-choline-deficient diet to induce nonalcoholic steatohepatitis ameliorates liver function and morphology. In particular, HLSC treatment induced a reduction of liver fibrosis and inflammation at morphological and molecular levels. Moreover, HLSCs were able to persist for up to 3 weeks after the injection. In conclusion, HLSCs have healing effects in a model of chronic liver disease.
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Uk Son, Seong, Soojin Jang, Yuna Choi, Mirae Park, Hye Young Son, Yong-Min Huh, Soo-Jin Yeom, et al. "Distinctive Nanogels as High-Efficiency Transdermal Carriers for Skin Wound Healing." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 16, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 304–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2020.2893.
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We propose that nanogels (HLGs) prepared by simply blending an epidermal growth factor (EGF)-loaded hyaluronan (HA)-based nanoformulation and poloxamers can be efficient transdermal drug carriers. In particular, due to the thermogelling behavior of poloxamer, when the HLGs, which are liquid at room temperature, are applied to the skin's surface, they form a gel at skin temperature. First, lipid-based nanoformulations (EGF-LNs) were fabricated by the lipid thin film method and then chemically conjugated with HA on the surface of the films to prepare EGF-loaded HA-based nanoformulations (EGF-HLNs). Both EGF-LNs and EGF-HLNs exhibited a uniform size and spherical lamellar structure. The EGF-HLN was added to a poloxamer solution to form EGF-HLG, which is a liquid at room temperature and a gel at skin temperature. HLGs have been shown to be able to deliver and permeate EGF well into the skin using both in vitro and in vivo systems, thus serving as an effective transdermal delivery system. In addition, it has been confirmed that this system could be a possible implantable drug carrier. Therefore, HLGs, which are uncomplicated and easily prepared, are expected to be easily used not only in the pharmaceutical field but also in the cosmetic field.
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Catapano, G., and L. De Bartolo. "Importance of the Kinetic Characterization of Liver Cell Metabolic Reactions to the Design of Hybrid Liver Support Devices." International Journal of Artificial Organs 19, no. 11 (November 1996): 670–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889601901108.
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Hybrid liver support devices (HLSDs) developed for the treatment of fulminant hepatic failure often perform well on a laboratory scale but rapidly lose their metabolic functions, or are not therapeutically effective, on a clinical scale. This suggests that the procedures adopted so far for the design of HLSDs are susceptible to improvement. In this paper, we discuss how essential a reliable and thorough kinetic characterization of the liver cell metabolic reactions is to the design of a clinically effective membrane HLSD. The features of the bioreactors used for the kinetic characterization of liver cell reactions are presented and discussed on the basis of the multifactorial nature of such reactions. The relevance of kinetics to the design of a membrane HLSD is also discussed with respect to the effect of the kinetics of oxygen consumption on the performance of the device.
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Kalam, Rehna, Ciza Thomas, and M. Abdul Rahiman. "Detection of Brain Tumor in MRI Images Using Optimized ANFIS Classifier." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 29, Supp01 (March 26, 2021): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218488521400018.
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Tumor is basically a most common disease of brain and the Brain Tumor (BT) treatment has crucial significance. A diagnostic procedure called MRI image that is employed for detecting BT. It is the utmost important and intricate tasks in numerous medical-image applications since it typically involves a huge quantity of data. A lot of methods were applied in BT detection ranging as of image processing to examine the BT; however, the prevailing BT technique is tedious and less effective. So, this paper proposed the detection of the BT in MRI images utilizing optimized ANFIS classifier. Originally, the input MR image is preprocessed utilizing Gaussian Filter (GF) that removes the noise from the inputted image, additionally, the non-brain tissues (NBT) are removed using the technique of skull stripping (SS). After that, segmentation is performed wherein the tumor part is segmented utilizing CBAC technique and edema part is segmented utilizing HLSS segmentation technique. Then, GLCM in addition to GLRLM features are extracted afterward that extorted features is chosen by BFO algorithm. Finally, the selected features inputted to the optimized ANFIS classifier that classifies the tumor class types as Meningioma, Glioma, along with Pituitary. In ANFIS, the optimization procedure is achieved utilizing the PSO. The proposed system’s performance is contrasted to the prevailing systems regarding precision, recall, specificity, sensitivity, accuracy, together with F-Measure.
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Winteringham, Louise N., Raelene Endersby, Ian J. Majewski, Jennifer Beaumont, Simon Kobelke, Jean-Philippe Lalonde, and Svend Peter Klinken. "Genes Identified in a Hemopoietic Lineage Switch Influence Transcription." Blood 110, no. 11 (November 16, 2007): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.1250.1250.
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Abstract The J2E erythroblastoid cell line responds to erythropoietin (Epo) by morphological maturation and hemoglobin synthesis. However, on rare occasions, these cells have undergone a spontaneous lineage switch and display features of monoblastoid cells which do not respond to Epo. Amongst the genes up-regulated in the monoblastoid variants were Hemopoietic lineage switch (Hls) 5 and 7. Hls5 is a recently identified member of the RING finger, B Box, Coiled coil (RBCC) or tripartite motif (TRIM) family, which includes PML, a gene involved in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Hls7 is the murine orthologue of Myeloid leukaemia factor 1 (Mlf1), a gene involved in a t(3;5), associated with acute myeloid leukaemia. We have shown previously that Hls7/Mlf1 imposes a dramatic phenotypic change upon the erythroid cells, rendering them monoblastoid (Williams, J. et al EMBO 1999). We have studied the role of Hls5 and Mlf1 in erythroid commitment and differentiation. Ectopic expression of Hls5 inhibits globin production in erythroid cells and suppresses development of B-FUE and C-FUE. A yeast-two-hybrid screen identified FOG-1 as a binding partner of Hls5. Significantly, FOG-1 is a transcriptional co-regulator of GATA-1, which controls globin gene expression. While Hls5 is able to enhance the repression of GATA-1 activity imposed by FOG-1, it is also able to repress GATA-1 transcriptional activity in the absence of FOG-1. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assay we have shown that Hls5 is able to reduce GATA-1 binding to DNA in a dose dependant manner. This observation that Hls5 reduces GATA-1 binding to promoter elements is mirrored by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Expression of MLF1 is highest in CD34+ cells, but is markedly down regulated during erythroid differentiation. Microarray analysis identified a number of known transcriptional regulators differentially expressed in the presence of Mlf1 including ets1, Myc intron binding protein and Tbr2. Mlf1 is able to bind DNA and luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that Mlf1 is able to affect transcription. In addition, Mlf1 interacts with a novel member of the hnRNP family viz Mlf1 associated nuclear protein (Manp). Manp binds to DNA, is able to influence the subcellular localisation of Mlf1 by translocating Mlf1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Importantly, Manp also has an affect on transcription. These data demonstrate that both Hls5 and Mlf1 affect transcription of genes associated with erythroid differentiation.
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Spada, Marco, Francesco Porta, Dorico Righi, Carlo Gazzera, Francesco Tandoi, Ivana Ferrero, Franca Fagioli, et al. "Intrahepatic Administration of Human Liver Stem Cells in Infants with Inherited Neonatal-Onset Hyperammonemia: A Phase I Study." Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 16, no. 1 (December 2, 2019): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12015-019-09925-z.
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AbstractPrevious studies have shown that human liver stem-like cells (HLSCs) may undergo differentiation in vitro into urea producing hepatocytes and in vivo may sustain liver function in models of experimentally induced acute liver injury. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of HLSCs intrahepatic administration in inherited neonatal-onset hyperammonemia. The study was approved by the Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco on favorable opinion of the Italian Institute of Health as an open-label, prospective, uncontrolled, monocentric Phase I study (HLSC 01–11, EudraCT-No. 2012–002120-33). Three patients affected by argininosuccinic aciduria (patient 1) and methylmalonic acidemia (patients 2 and 3) and included in the liver transplantation list were enrolled. In all patients, HLSCs were administered by percutaneous intrahepatic injections (once a week for two consecutive weeks) within the first months of life. The first patient received 125,000 HLSCs x gram of liver/dose while the other two patients received twice this dose. No immunosuppression was administered since HLSCs possess immunomodulatory activities. None of the patients experienced infections, hyperammonemia decompensation, or other adverse events during the whole observation period. No donor specific antibodies (DSA) against HLSCs were detected. Patients were metabolic stable despite an increase (~30%) in protein intake. Two patients underwent liver transplantation after 19 and 11 months respectively, and after explantation, the native livers showed no histological alterations. In conclusion, percutaneous intrahepatic administration of HLSCs was safe in newborn with inherited neonatal-onset hyperammonemia. These data pave the way for Phase II studies in selected inherited and acquired liver disorders.
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Luo, Jin, Qiaoyun Ren, Ze Chen, Wenge Liu, Zhiqiang Qu, Ronghai Xiao, Ronggui Chen, et al. "Comparative analysis of microRNA profiles between wild and cultured Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari, Ixodidae) ticks." Parasite 26 (2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2019018.
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The miRNA profiles of a Haemaphysalis longicornis wild-type (HLWS) and of a Haemaphysalis longicornis cultured population (HLCS) were sequenced using the Illumina Hiseq 4000 platform combined with bioinformatics analysis and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). A total of 15.63 and 15.48 million raw reads were acquired for HLWS and HLCS, respectively. The data identified 1517 and 1327 known conserved miRNAs, respectively, of which 342 were differentially expressed between the two libraries. Thirty-six novel candidate miRNAs were predicted. To explain the functions of these novel miRNAs, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis was performed. Target gene function prediction identified a significant set of genes related to salivary gland development, pathogen-host interaction and regulation of the defence response to pathogens expressed by wild H. longicornis ticks. Cellular component biogenesis, the immune system process, and responses to stimuli were represented at high percentages in the two tick libraries. GO enrichment analysis showed that the percentages of most predicted functions of the target genes of miRNA were similar, as were certain specific categories of functional enhancements, and that these genes had different numbers and specific functions (e.g., auxiliary transport protein and electron carrier functions). This study provides novel findings showing that miRNA regulation affects the expression of immune genes, indicating a considerable influence of environment-induced stressful stimulation on immune homeostasis. Differences in the living environments of ticks can lead to differences in miRNAs between ticks and provide a basis and a convenient means to screen for genes encoding immune factors in ticks.
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Natalie Winteringham, Louise, Raelene Endersby, Jennifer Beaumont, Jean-Philippe Lalonde, Merlin Crossley, and Svend Peter Klinken. "Hls5, a Novel Ubiquitin E3 Ligase, Modulates Levels of Sumoylated GATA-1." Blood 114, no. 22 (November 20, 2009): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.253.253.
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Abstract Abstract 253 Hemopoietic lineage commitment is controlled, in part, by transcription factors that regulate specific genes required for the formation of mature blood cells. Differentiation along particular hemopoietic lineages is dependant not only on the presence of particular transcription factors, but also on appropriate concentrations - altering transcription factor levels can force cells into different hemopoietic pathways. Transcription factors undergo numerous post-translational modifications and are controlled spatially via sub-cellular localisation. De-regulation of transcription factors can result in leukemias, or other blood disorders. GATA-1 is an example of a key lineage-determining gene, essential for erythropoiesis. Increasing GATA-1 levels promotes maturation along the erythroid pathway, whereas reducing GATA-1 concentrations favours myelopoiesis. GATA-1 regulation occurs at multiple levels including transcription, translation and post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination and sumoylation. Although GATA-1 ubiquitination modifies the protein for proteasomal degradation, the effect of adding small ubiquitin-like modier (Sumo) to GATA-1 is unclear. Several examples of hemopoietic differentiation plasticity have been observed. We reported a lineage switch by erythroleukemic J2E cells which spontaneously developed a monoblastoid phenotype. Two genes (Hls5 and Hls7/Mlf1) were isolated from this lineage switch with potential lineage-determining features. Hls5 is a member of the RBCC (Ring finger, B-box, Coiled-coil) family of proteins, which includes PML. Ectopic expression of Hls5 impedes erythroid differentiation by reducing GATA-1 levels, and suppressing hemoglobin synthesis. Significantly, Hls5 relocates from the cytoplasm to associate with GATA-1 in the nucleus, where it interferes with DNA binding and transactivation of GATA-1. Several members of the RBCC family are ubiquitin E3 ligases, catalysing the final step in the ubiquitination process - these molecules play a vital role in regulating the levels of target proteins. Here we show that Hls5 is a bona fide ubiquitin E3 ligase, in partnership with several ubiquitin E2 enzymes. The Ring finger is critical for Hls5 ligase activity as mutation of key residues within the Ring finger ablates catalytic activity. Interestingly, a yeast 2 hybrid screen for Hls5 interactors identified Ubc9 and Pias1, which act as E2 and E3 enzymes in the sumoylation cascade. Co-immunoprecipitation, BRET and co-localization experiments confirmed the Hls5 association with Ubc9 and Pias1. Moreover, Hls5 binds Sumo-1 (but not Sumo-2 or 3), and co-localizes with Sumo-1 in discrete nuclear bodies. Thus, Hls5 interacts with several components of the intracellular sumoylation machinery. Hls5 can also reduce sumoylated proteins globally, indicating it may target these modified proteins for degradation. Recently, a new family of ubiquitin E3 ligases has been described which specifically mark sumoylated proteins for degradation. These Sumo-targeted ubiquitin ligases (STUbL) are found primarily in yeast, and only one mammalian STUbL has been identified. We postulated that Hls5 may be a STUbL, capable of regulating sumoylated GATA-1. Our data demonstrate that while Hls5 is able to bind GATA-1 via the B-box and Coiled-coil domains, it preferentially associates with sumoylated GATA-1 through a canonical Sumo interacting motif (SIM). This results in increased GATA-1 ubiquitination and, as a consequence, levels of sumoylated GATA-1 are reduced substantially. Since mutation of the lysine necessary for Sumo attachment does not affect GATA-1 transactivation, sumoylation may act as a prelude to ubiquitination and protein turn-over. We propose, therefore, that GATA-1 mediates transcription of target genes, and is subsequently sumoylated by Pias1 and Ubc9 – addition of Sumo moieties to GATA-1 enhance binding to Hls5, which in turn impedes GATA-1 DNA binding, and promotes ubiquitination for proteasomal degradation. This model is consistent with decreased levels of GATA-1 in erythroid cells ectopically expressing Hls5, and with the original isolation of Hls5 as a potential lineage-determining gene involved with the erythroid to monoblastoid lineage switch. Thus, Hls5 is a novel STUbL which plays a role in hemopoietic lineage commitment by modulating GATA-1 activity and content. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kamiński, Waldemar. "The Concept of Accuracy Analysis of the Vertical Displacements Gained from the Hydrostatic Levelling Systems’ Measurements." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 4842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144842.
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Nowadays, hydrostatic levelling is a widely used method for the vertical displacements’ determinations of objects such as bridges, viaducts, wharfs, tunnels, high buildings, historical buildings, special engineering objects (e.g., synchrotron), sports and entertainment halls. The measurements’ sensors implemented in the hydrostatic levelling systems (HLSs) consist of the reference sensor (RS) and sensors located on the controlled points (CPs). The reference sensor is the one that is placed at the point that (in theoretical assumptions) is not a subject to vertical displacements and the displacements of controlled points are determined according to its height. The hydrostatic levelling rule comes from the Bernoulli’s law. While using the Bernoulli’s principle in hydrostatic levelling, the following components have to be taken into account: atmospheric pressure, force of gravity, density of liquid used in sensors places at CPs. The parameters mentioned above are determined with some mean errors that influence on the accuracy assessment of vertical displacements. In the subject’s literature, there are some works describing the individual accuracy analyses of the components mentioned above. In this paper, the author proposes the concept of comprehensive determination of mean error of vertical displacement (of each CPs), calculated from the mean errors’ values of components dedicated for specific HLS. The formulas of covariances’ matrix were derived and they enable to make the accuracy assessment of the calculations’ results. The author also presented the subject of modelling of vertical displacements’ gained values. The dependences, enabling to conduct the statistic tests of received model’s parameters, were implemented. The conducted tests make it possible to verify the correctness of used theoretical models of the examined object treated as the rigid body. The practical analyses were conducted for two simulated variants of sensors’ connections in HLS. Variant no. I is the sensors’ serial connection. Variant no. II relies on the connection of each CPs with the reference sensor. The calculations’ results show that more detailed value estimations of the vertical displacements can be obtained using variant no. II.
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Thongmai, Sirikarn, Thanakrit Neamhom, Withida Patthanaissaranukool, and Supawadee Polprasert. "Energy Use and Consumption Patterns of Maize Cultivation - A Case Study in Thailand." Environment and Natural Resources Journal 19, no. 6 (August 4, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/19/202100086.
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This study explored energy inputs and consumption patterns to determine energy and economical indices for maize cultivation in Thailand. To assess the energy performance of four used cropping systems, namely, highland cultivation in wet season (HLWS), highland cultivation in dry season (HLDS), plains cultivation in wet season (PLWS), and plains cultivation in dry season (PLDS), data from energy consumed and produced show Net Energy Value (NEV) gains of +77.0, +106.5, +191.6, and +228.5 GJ/ha, respectively. Positive signs indicate that the required energy was less than energy produced which reveals sustainability. Use of fertilizer accounted for the major input energy in all systems, followed by fossil fuels, human labor and seeds. A cost performance analysis demonstrated PLDS production exhibited the highest profit earnings (1,365.2 USD/ha). To establish an alternative way to reduce the amount of energy consumed together with increased profit returns to farmers, the renewable energy from waste manure was used to replace dependence on chemical fertilizers. Scenarios using manure from cows, chickens, and farmyards were considered. Results showed that the use of farmyard manure created greater amounts of energy efficiency and economical return rates. Moreover, the benefits increased with increased amounts of organic material applied.
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Holmes, Jonathan, Martín Labbé, Carolina Portugueis, and Osvaldo Spichiger. "HLPS ARQUITECTOS." ARQ (Santiago), no. 81 (August 2012): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0717-69962012000200006.
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G.M.D. "HLAS Online." Americas 53, no. 2 (October 1996): 291–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003161500087551.
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Smith, Janis B., and Paula Vernon-Levett. "Care of Infants with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome." AACN Advanced Critical Care 4, no. 2 (May 1, 1993): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1993-2010.
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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a common congenital heart defect that is universally fatal without surgical intervention. Two distinctly different surgical options, heart transplantation and reconstructive surgery, have been successful in treating infants with HLHS. This article reviews the anatomy and pathophysiology of HLHS. Preoperative care of infants with HLHS is discussed. The care required by infants with HLHS after heart transplantation is the same as that required by other infants who need heart transplant and has been reported. The primary focus of this report is postoperative care after staged reconstructive surgery for infants with HLHS
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Davidson, Joseph, Paul Gringras, Charlie Fairhurst, and John Simpson. "Physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with single-ventricle circulation." Archives of Disease in Childhood 100, no. 5 (December 5, 2014): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306449.
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ObjectiveTo investigate longer-term physical and neurodevelopmental outcomes of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) compared with other patients with functionally single-ventricle circulation surviving beyond the age of 10 years.DesignA retrospective, observational study from a UK tertiary centre for paediatric cardiology.Results58 patients with HLHS and 44 non-HLHS patients with single-ventricle physiology were included. Subjective reduction in exercise tolerance was reported in 72% (95% CI 61% to 84%) of patients with HLHS and 45% (31% to 60%) non-HLHS patients. Compared with non-HLHS patients, educational concerns were reported more frequently in patients with HLHS, 41% (29% to 54%) vs 23% (10% to 35%), as was a diagnosis of a behaviour disorder (autism or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) 12% (4% to 21%) vs 0%, and referral to other specialist services 67% (55% to 79%) vs 48% (33% to 63%).ConclusionsWithin a group of young people with complex congenital heart disease, those with HLHS are likely to have worse physical, psychological and educational outcomes.
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Tomita-Mitchell, Aoy, Karl D. Stamm, Donna K. Mahnke, Min-Su Kim, Pip M. Hidestrand, Huan Ling Liang, Mary A. Goetsch, et al. "Impact of MYH6 variants in hypoplastic left heart syndrome." Physiological Genomics 48, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 912–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00091.2016.
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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a clinically and anatomically severe form of congenital heart disease (CHD). Although prior studies suggest that HLHS has a complex genetic inheritance, its etiology remains largely unknown. The goal of this study was to characterize a risk gene in HLHS and its effect on HLHS etiology and outcome. We performed next-generation sequencing on a multigenerational family with a high prevalence of CHD/HLHS, identifying a rare variant in the α-myosin heavy chain ( MYH6) gene. A case-control study of 190 unrelated HLHS subjects was then performed and compared with the 1000 Genomes Project. Damaging MYH6 variants, including novel, missense, in-frame deletion, premature stop, de novo, and compound heterozygous variants, were significantly enriched in HLHS cases ( P < 1 × 10−5). Clinical outcomes analysis showed reduced transplant-free survival in HLHS subjects with damaging MYH6 variants ( P < 1 × 10−2). Transcriptome and protein expression analyses with cardiac tissue revealed differential expression of cardiac contractility genes, notably upregulation of the β-myosin heavy chain ( MYH7) gene in subjects with MYH6 variants ( P < 1 × 10−3). We subsequently used patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to model HLHS in vitro. Early stages of in vitro cardiomyogenesis in iPSCs derived from two unrelated HLHS families mimicked the increased expression of MYH7 observed in vivo ( P < 1 × 10−2), while revealing defective cardiomyogenic differentiation. Rare, damaging variants in MYH6 are enriched in HLHS, affect molecular expression of contractility genes, and are predictive of poor outcome. These findings indicate that the etiology of MYH6-associated HLHS can be informed using iPSCs and suggest utility in future clinical applications.
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Lv, Xingdong, Yan Shi, Yun Dong, Zhiyang Gao, and Beixing Li. "The Performance and Mechanism Analysis of Cement Pastes Added to Aluminum Sulfate-Based Low-Alkali Setting Accelerator." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8906708.
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We proposed a type of low-alkali liquid state setting accelerator, named HLSA; it was environmentally friendly product. To investigate the temperature adaptation and cement flexibilities of HLSA, the setting time and strength development properties of cement with HLSA were discussed in this paper. The effects of HLSA on hydration process, hydration products, and microstructure were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The results show that four typical 42.5-grade ordinary Portland cement types with 6–8% HLSA could satisfy the first-grade requirements according to JC477-2005 even at a lower temperature (e.g., 10°C). Further, the percentage ratio of 28 d compressive strength of cement with 6–8% HLSA was over 90%; the XRD diffraction peak of AFt integrated area of cement with 7% HLSA was 3818 at 5 min of hydration; SEM observation revealed that AFt crystals were filled in the pore of cement at 28 d of hydration; the temperature adaptation and cement flexibilities of HLSA were excellent; the cement with HLSA coagulating in a short time attributed to promoting the formation of abundant AFt and the hydration of C3S.
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Bruno, Stefania, Cristina Grange, Marta Tapparo, Chiara Pasquino, Renato Romagnoli, Ennia Dametto, Antonio Amoroso, Ciro Tetta, and Giovanni Camussi. "Human Liver Stem Cells Suppress T-Cell Proliferation, NK Activity, and Dendritic Cell Differentiation." Stem Cells International 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8468549.
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Human liver stem cells (HLSCs) are a mesenchymal stromal cell-like population resident in the adult liver. Preclinical studies indicate that HLSCs could be a good candidate for cell therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the immunogenicity and the immunomodulatory properties of HLSCs on T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells (NKs), and dendritic cells (DCs) in allogeneic experimental settings. We found that HLSCs inhibited T-cell proliferation by a mechanism independent of cell contact and dependent on the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and on indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity. When compared with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), HLSCs were more efficient in inhibiting T-cell proliferation. At variance with MSCs, HLSCs did not elicit NK degranulation. Moreover, HLSCs inhibited NK degranulation against K562, a NK-sensitive target, by a mechanism dependent on HLA-G release. When tested on DC generation from monocytes, HLSCs were found to impair DC differentiation and DCs ability to induce T-cell proliferation through PGE2. This study shows that HLSCs have immunomodulatory properties similar to MSCs, but, at variance with MSCs, they do not elicit a NK response.
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Carreira, Maria. "Seeking Explanatory Adequacy: A Dual Approach to Understanding the Term Heritage Language Learner." Heritage Language Journal 2, no. 1 (August 30, 2004): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.2.1.1.
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What is a heritage language learner (HLL)? We argue that a pedagogically valuable answer to this question must do more than describe all individuals who ought be considered HLLs; it should also offer a roadmap for meeting the needs of HLLs with regard to language learning. To achieve this goal, which we refer to as achieving “explanatory adequacy”, the answer to the above question must 1) differentiate HLLs from second-language learners (SLLs), 2) differentiate HLLs from first-language learners (L1Ls), and 3) differentiate between different types of HLLs. In reference to the first task, we propose that HLLs are students whose identity and/or linguistic needs differ from those of second language learners by virtue of having a family background in the heritage language (HL) or culture (HC). In reference to the second task, we argue that unlike L1L-s, HLLs do not receive sufficient exposure to their language and culture to fulfill basic identity and linguistic needs. Consequently, they pursue language learning to fulfill these needs. Finally, with regard to the third task, we map out four categories of HLLs, each with different identity and linguistic needs. Along the way, we advocate for endowing all language courses where HLLs are enrolled with a focus on identity and language issues, as these relate to family background.
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Braile, Mariantonia, Alfonso Fiorelli, Daniela Sorriento, Rosa Maria Di Crescenzo, Maria Rosaria Galdiero, Gianni Marone, Mario Santini, Gilda Varricchi, and Stefania Loffredo. "Human Lung-Resident Macrophages Express and Are Targets of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in the Tumor Microenvironment." Cells 10, no. 8 (August 6, 2021): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10082012.
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Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a pleiotropic cytokine highly expressed by epithelial cells and several innate and adaptive immune cells. TSLP exerts its biological effects by binding to a heterodimeric complex composed of TSLP receptor (TSLPR) and IL-7Rα. In humans, there are two TSLP isoforms: the short form (sfTSLP), constitutively expressed, and the long form (lfTSLP), which is upregulated in inflammation. TSLP has been implicated in the induction and progression of several experimental and human cancers. Primary human lung macrophages (HLMs), monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), and peripheral blood monocytes consitutively expressed sfTSLP mRNA. Incubation of HLMs, MDMs, and monocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or IL-4, but not with IL-13, induced TSLP release from HLMs. LPS, but not IL-4 or IL-13, induced CXCL8 release from HLMs. LPS, IL-4 alone or in combination with IL-13, induced the expression of lfTSLP, but not of sfTSLP from HLMs. Preincubation of HLMs with IL-4, alone or in combination with IL-13, but not IL-13 alone, synergistically enhanced TSLP release from LPS-activated macrophages. By contrast, IL-4, alone or in combination with IL-13, inhibited LPS-induced CXCL8 release from HLMs. Immunoreactive TSLP was detected in lysates of HLMs, MDMs, and monocytes. Incubation of HLMs with TSLP induced the release of proinflammatory (TNF-α), angiogenic (VEGF-A, angiopoietin 2), and lymphangiogenic (VEGF-C) factors. TSLP, TSLPR, and IL-7Rα were expressed in intratumoral and peritumoral areas of human lung cancer. sfTSLP and lfTSLP mRNAs were differentially expressed in peritumoral and intratumoral lung cancer tissues. The TSLP system, expressed in HLMs, MDMs, and monocytes, could play a role in chronic inflammatory disorders including lung cancer.
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Surmiak, Piotr, Małgorzata Baumert, Małgorzata Fiala, Zofia Walencka, and Andrzej Więcek. "Umbilical Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Level as an Early Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/360209.
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Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a primarily described complication after unbalanced systemic perfusion in neonates with congenital heart defects, including hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS). The aim of the study was to compare the umbilical NGAL concentrations between neonates born with HLHS and healthy infants, as well as to analyze whether the determination of NGAL level could predict AKI in neonates with prenatally diagnosed HLHS. Twenty-one neonates with prenatally diagnosed HLHS were enrolled as study group and 30 healthy neonates served as controls. Perinatal characteristics and postnatal parameters were extracted from the hospital neonatal database. In umbilical cord blood, we determined plasma NGAL concentrations, acid base balance, and lactate and creatinine levels. In neonates with HLHS, complications (respiratory insufficiency, circulatory failure, NEC, IVH, and AKI) were recorded until the day of cardiosurgery. We observed in neonates with HLHS higher umbilical NGAL levels compared to controls. Among 8 neonates with HLHS and diagnosed AKI stage 1, we observed elevated NGAL levels in comparison to those newborns without AKI. Umbilical NGAL could predict, with high sensitivity and specificity, AKI development in study neonates. We suggest that the umbilical blood NGAL concentration may be an early marker to predict AKI in neonates with HLHS.
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Kosugi, Akihiko, Yoshihiko Amano, Koichiro Murashima, and Roy H. Doi. "Hydrophilic Domains of Scaffolding Protein CbpA Promote Glycosyl Hydrolase Activity and Localization of Cellulosomes to the Cell Surface of Clostridium cellulovorans." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 19 (October 1, 2004): 6351–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.19.6351-6359.2004.
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ABSTRACT CbpA, the scaffolding protein of Clostridium cellulovorans cellulosomes, possesses one family 3 cellulose binding domain, nine cohesin domains, and four hydrophilic domains (HLDs). Among the three types of domains, the function of the HLDs is still unknown. We proposed previously that the HLDs of CbpA play a role in attaching the cellulosome to the cell surface, since they showed some homology to the surface layer homology domains of EngE. Several recombinant proteins with HLDs (rHLDs) and recombinant EngE (rEngE) were examined to determine their binding to the C. cellulovorans cell wall fraction. Tandemly linked rHLDs showed higher affinity for the cell wall than individual rHLDs showed. EngE was shown to have a higher affinity for cell walls than rHLDs have. C. cellulovorans native cellulosomes were found to have higher affinity for cell walls than rHLDs have. When immunoblot analysis was carried out with the native cellulosome fraction bound to cell wall fragments, the presence of EngE was also confirmed, suggesting that the mechanism anchoring CbpA to the C. cellulovorans cell surface was mediated through EngE and that the HLDs play a secondary role in the attachment of the cellulosome to the cell surface. During a study of the role of HLDs on cellulose degradation, the mini-cellulosome complexes with HLDs degraded cellulose more efficiently than complexes without HLDs degraded cellulose. The rHLDs also showed binding affinity for crystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose. These results suggest that the CbpA HLDs play a major role and a minor role in C. cellulovorans cellulosomes. The primary role increases cellulose degradation activity by binding the cellulosome complex to the cellulose substrate; secondarily, HLDs aid the binding of the CbpA/cellulosome to the C. cellulovorans cell surface.
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Choudhury, Yukti, Yi-Chin Toh, Yinghua Qu, Jiangwa Xing, Jonathan Poh, Hui Shan Tan, Ravindran Kanesvaran, Hanry Yu, and Min-Han Tan. "Modeling patient variability in pazopanib-induced hepatotoxicity with iPSC-derived hepatocyte-like cells." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 2_suppl (January 10, 2016): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.578.
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578 Background: The tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug, pazopanib, is commonly prescribed as a first-line treatment option for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Administration of pazopanib can produce severe hepatotoxicity with elevated transaminases and bilirubin levels. The idiosyncrasy of hepatotoxicity suggests individual patient-factors as the key predisposition. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) bearing individual genetic and other signatures, were interrogated as a novel cell-based approach to model inter-patient drug response variability. Methods: iPSC lines were generated from five mRCC patients who exhibited positive (n = 3) or negative (n = 2) clinical hepatotoxicity to pazopanib. The iPSC lines were differentiated into functional hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs), which were then dosed with pazopanib. Differential cellular viability changes among hepatotoxicity-positive and -negative lines were assessed. To gain insight into the mechanism of idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity, a comparison of transcriptomic changes in HLCs after pazopanib treatment was also done, with accompanying functional assays to investigate mechanisms of toxicity. Results: iPSCs were successfully generated from five patients and could be robustly differentiated into HLCs with uniformly high degrees of hepatocyte function. HLCs from patients with clinical hepatotoxicity exhibited higher in vitro toxicity to pazopanib compared to HLCs from patients without hepatotoxicity (p < 0.01). However, all HLCs showed similar toxicity to known hepatotoxicants. Analysis of transcriptomic changes showed differential early-stress response among pazopanib-sensitive HLCs and suggested oxidative stress as a mechanism of pazopanib toxicity, which was verified by the observed depletion of intracellular glutathione levels in HLCs. Conclusions: We have a developed a novel cellular platform using iPSC-derived HLCs that can recapitulate phenotypes corresponding to clinical variation in pazopanib-induced hepatotoxicity. Furthermore, the patient-derived HLCs are ideal tools for the investigation of specific mechanism of hepatotoxicity.
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Nik Ahmad, Nik Nazli, Siti Alawiah Siraj, and Suhaiza Ismail. "Revenue diversification in public higher learning institutions: an exploratory Malaysian study." Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education 11, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-04-2018-0057.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent of revenue diversification of selected Malaysian public higher learning institutions (HLIs) and the perceptions of senior officers of Malaysian public HLIs on matters related to revenue diversification. Design/methodology/approach The study analyses data from the HLIs’ financial statements to compute the Hirschman-Herfindahl Index (HHI) for revenue diversification and a perception survey with senior officers of the Malaysian public HLIs. Findings The results suggest that while a majority of the Malaysian public HLIs were still dependent largely on government funding, the more established and larger HLIs had a slightly more diversified revenue structure. The survey suggested that overall the senior officers were receptive to the need for revenue diversification. Research limitations/implications The paper is largely based on a perception survey. Future work should utilise in-depth interviews and/or focus groups and a more in-depth analysis of financial statement data to provide richer data. Practical implications The study’s findings provide useful baseline data upon which further work may be built, particularly in the less explored developing country context. They will also prove useful to the administrators of public HLIs in other parts of the world facing a similar financial austerity situation. Originality/value The present study examines both the extent of revenue diversification of HLIs as well as senior HLI officers’ perceptions on revenue diversification strategies. Most prior studies on revenue diversification have examined non-profit organisations, not HLIs and most were either only perception-based studies or only looked at the extent of revenue diversification using the HHI.
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Fischer, Lena, David C. Hay, and Cliona O'Farrelly. "Innate immunity in stem cell-derived hepatocytes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373, no. 1750 (May 21, 2018): 20170220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0220.
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Stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) offer great opportunities for studies of host–pathogen interactions and tissue regeneration, as well as hepatotoxicity. To reliably predict the outcome of infection or to enhance graft survival, a finely tuned innate immune system is essential. Hepatocytes have long been considered solely metabolic and their critical innate immune potential is only recently gaining attention. Viral infection studies show that pathogen detection by cytosolic receptors leads to interferon (IFN) induction in primary hepatocytes and HLCs. IFN expression in HLCs is characterized by strong expression of type III IFN and low expression of type I IFN which is also a characteristic of primary hepatocytes. The response to IFN differs in HLCs with lower interferon-stimulated gene (ISG)-expression levels than in primary hepatocytes. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signalling is less studied in HLCs, but appears to be functional. Expression of toll-like receptors (TLR) 2–5, 7 and 9 has been reported in primary hepatocytes but has been poorly studied in HLCs. In summary, although they retain some immature features, HLCs are in many ways superior to hepatoma cell lines for cell-based modelling. In this review, we will provide an overview of innate immune signalling in HLCs and how this compares with primary hepatocytes. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Designer human tissue: coming to a lab near you’.
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Ie Lyn Chan, Josephine, and Rajendran Muthuveloo. "Key success factors for organizational performance of private HLIs in Malaysia." Strategic Direction 34, no. 8 (August 13, 2018): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd-03-2018-0041.
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Purpose The paper aims to highlight the key factors that can optimize the organizational performance of private higher learning institutions (HLIs). Undeniably, organizational performance is crucial for the business sustainability of private HLIs in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the authors’ views on the key factors for the organizational performance of private HLIs based on personal experiences and review of past research literature conducted on organizational performance. Findings The higher education sector plays an important role as it is seen as a potential engine of growth and source of global competitiveness. As one of the main players in the higher education sector, private HLIs need to optimize its organizational performance. Unfortunately, at present, the disruptive dynamic changes and uncertainties in the business landscape are affecting the organizational performance of HLIs. Therefore, the key factors highlighted in this paper are meant to provide insights into how private HLIs can optimize organizational performance while operating in the current turbulent business environment. Originality/value The paper provides new insights into key success factors that are pivotal to the business sustainability of private HLIs in Malaysia.
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Reagor, James A., Sean Clingan, Bradley T. Kulat, Gregory S. Matte, Jordan Voss, and James S. Tweddell. "The Norwood Stage 1 procedure - conduct of perfusion: 2017 Survey results from NPC-QIC member institutions." Perfusion 33, no. 8 (July 2, 2018): 667–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659118781173.
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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a rare and severe congenital cardiac defect. Approximately 1000 infants are born with HLHS in the United States every year. Healthcare collaboratives over the last decade have focused on sharing patient experiences and techniques in an effort to improve outcomes. In 2010, cardiologists and patient families joined together to improve the care of HLHS patients by forming the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC). Sixty-six of the approximately 110 institutions caring for patients with HLHS in the United States and Canada are now members of NPC-QIC. In 2017, cardiovascular perfusionists joined the collaborative as another specialty involved in the care of HLHS patients. Perfusionists and cardiac surgeons developed the collaborative’s first conduct of perfusion survey for the Norwood Stage 1 procedure, specifically targeting the provision of cardiopulmonary bypass for patients with HLHS. This manuscript discusses the results of this survey, unveiling a significant variance in the conduct of perfusion for this patient population.
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Yan, Xu, Cao Lan-Qin, Jin Long-Yu, Chen Zhu-Chu, Zeng Gu-Qing, Tang Can-E, Li Guo-Qing, et al. "Quantitative Proteomic Study of Human Lung Squamous Carcinoma and Normal Bronchial Epithelial Acquired by Laser Capture Microdissection." Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/510418.
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Objective. To investigate the differential protein profile of human lung squamous carcinoma (HLSC) and normal bronchial epithelium (NBE) and provide preliminary results for further study to explore the carcinogenic mechanism of HLSC.Methods. Laser capture microdissection (LCM) was used to purify the target cells from 10 pairs of HLSC tissues and their matched NHBE, respectively. A stable-isotope labeled strategy using iTRAQ, followed by 2D-LC/Q-STAR mass spectrometry, was performed to separate and identify the differential expression proteins.Results. A total of 96 differential expression proteins in the LCM-purified HLSC and NBE were identified. Compared with NBE, 49 proteins were upregulated and 47 proteins were downregulated in HLSC. Furthermore, the expression levels of the differential proteins including HSPB1, CKB, SCCA1, S100A8, as well as S100A9 were confirmed by western blot and tissue microarray and were consistent with the results of quantitative proteomics.Conclusion. The different expression proteins in HLSC will provide scientific foundation for further study to explore the carcinogenic mechanism of HLSC.
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Shibahara, Toyohiro, Hiroshi Okamura, and Naoaki Yanagihara. "Human Leukocyte Antigens in Bell's Palsy." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 97, no. 6_suppl3 (November 1988): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00034894880976s304.
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Ninety-three patients with Bell's palsy including 12 members of two families with familial Bell's palsy were typed for human leukocyte antigens (HLAs). Significant association between HLAs and Bell's palsy was found. The association of certain HLAs with the palsy may predict the specific clinical course and prognosis.
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Zhong, Luping, Krzysztof Sośnica, Matthias Weigelt, Bingshi Liu, and Xiancai Zou. "Time-Variable Gravity Field from the Combination of HLSST and SLR." Remote Sensing 13, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 3491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13173491.
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The Earth’s time-variable gravity field is of great significance to study mass change within the Earth’s system. Since 2002, the NASA-DLR Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and its successor GRACE follow-on mission provide observations of monthly changes in the Earth gravity field with unprecedented accuracy and resolution by employing low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking (LLSST) measurements. In addition to LLSST, monthly gravity field models can be acquired from satellite laser ranging (SLR) and high-low satellite-to-satellite tracking (HLSST). The monthly gravity field solutions HLSST+SLR were derived by combining HLSST observations of low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites with SLR observations of geodetic satellites. Bandpass filtering was applied to the harmonic coefficients of HLSST+SLR solutions to reduce noise. In this study, we analyzed the performance of the monthly HLSST+SLR solutions in the spectral and spatial domains. The results show that: (1) the accuracies of HLSST+SLR solutions are comparable to those from GRACE for coefficients below degree 10, and significantly improved compared to those of SLR-only and HLSST-only solutions; (2) the effective spatial resolution could reach 1000 km, corresponding to the spherical harmonic coefficient degree 20, which is higher than that of the HLSST-only solutions. Compared with the GRACE solutions, the global mass redistribution features and magnitudes can be well identified from HLSST+SLR solutions at the spatial resolution of 1000 km, although with much noise. In the applications of regional mass recovery, the seasonal variations over the Amazon Basin and the long-term trend over Greenland derived from HLSST+SLR solutions truncated to degree 20 agree well with those from GRACE solutions without truncation, and the RMS of mass variations is 282 Gt over the Amazon Basin and 192 Gt in Greenland. We conclude that HLSST+SLR can be an alternative option to estimate temporal changes in the Earth gravity field, although with far less spatial resolution and lower accuracy than that offered by GRACE. This approach can monitor the large-scale mass transport during the data gaps between the GRACE and the GRACE follow-on missions.
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Gambetta, Katheryn, Mohamad K. Al-Ahdab, Michel N. Ilbawi, Nahidh Hassaniya, and Madhu Gupta. "Transcription repression and blocks in cell cycle progression in hypoplastic left heart syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 294, no. 5 (May 2008): H2268—H2275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.91494.2007.
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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is characterized by abnormally developed atrial septum and a severe underdevelopment of the left side of the heart. Despite significant advances in its surgical management, little is known about the molecular abnormalities in this syndrome. To gain molecular insights into HLHS, expression profiling by gene-chip microarray (Affymetrix U133 2.0) and by real-time RT-PCR was performed in the atrial septum of patients diagnosed with HLHS and compared with age-matched non-HLHS patients. Hierarchical clustering of all expressed genes with a P < 0.01 of all tissue samples showed two main clusters, one of HLHS and the other of non-HLHS, suggesting different expression patterns by the two groups. Net affix followed by real-time RT-PCR analysis identified the differentially expressed genes to be those involved in chromatin remodeling, cell cycle regulation, and transcriptional regulation. These included remodeling factors, histone deactylase 2 and SET and MYND domain containing 1; transcription factors, FoxP1, and components of the calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T cells signaling pathway; and cell cycle regulators, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-4, phosphatase and tensin homolog, and p18. Since these factors play essential roles in heart growth and development, the abnormal expression pattern suggests that these molecules may contribute to the pathogenesis of HLHS.
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Virgilio, Grace Di Thomas-Di. "The WNYLRC/HLSP." Journal of Hospital Librarianship 1, no. 3 (September 2001): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j186v01n03_08.
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Markelz, Andrew, Benjamin Riden, and Lawrence Maheady. "Systematic Identification, Implementation, and Evaluation of High-Leverage Practices in Teacher Preparation." Journal of Special Education Preparation 1, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/josep.1.1.4-15.
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An emphasis on practice-based teacher education has led the Council for Exceptional Children to develop 22 high-leverage practices (HLPs). Each HLP is research based, used frequently in classrooms, and applicable across age, grade, and content area. In this article, we discuss the importance of a systematic process for teacher preparation programs to consider when identifying, implementing, and evaluating HLPs. The extent and quality that HLPs are integrated within preparation programs will affect graduating teacher’s professional readiness and their ability to immediately affect student outcomes. It is our intent that this article supports teacher educators and scholars to continue the conversation around HLPs in teacher preparation. In addition, we encourage preparation programs to consider data-based decision making when identifying, implementing, and evaluating HLPs within program curricula.
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Ationg, Romzi, Mohd Sohaimi Esa, Irma Wani Othman, Mohd Kamal Mohd Shah, Muhammad Safuan Yusoff, Habibah @. Artini Ramlie, and Saifulazry Mokhtar. "UNDERSTANDING THE CHALLENGES AND THE OPPORTUNITIES ASSOCIATED WITH LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT FOR STUDENTS OF HIGHER LEARNING INSTITUTION IN SABAH, MALAYSIA." International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling 6, no. 39 (May 31, 2021): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.639008.
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The presence of effective leadership is always vital for the successful attainment of common goals. Given that the students of HLIs are the potential leaders of any organization or society in the future, leadership development programs/courses generally required in HLIs. Accordingly, in an effort to ensure the Higher Learning Institutions graduates well equipped with effective leadership knowledge and skill, the HLIs in Sabah is offering leadership development programs/courses. Despite that, however, many remain clueless of what exactly are the challenges and opportunities associated with these leadership development programs/courses. By applying a qualitative approach through the examination of information gathered from various sources such as books, journals, and media reports, the paper presents a discussion on the challenges and opportunities associated with leadership development programs/courses for students of HLIs in Sabah, Malaysia. The findings are expected to contribute to the systematic understanding of challenges and opportunities of leadership development programs/courses for students of HLIs, thus led to the enrichment of existing leadership development programs in HLIs.
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Maheady, Lawrence J., Angela L. Patti, Lisa A. Rafferty, and Pixita del Prado Hill. "School–University Partnerships: One Institution’s Efforts to Integrate and Support Teacher Use of High-Leverage Practices." Remedial and Special Education 40, no. 6 (October 21, 2019): 356–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741932518812689.
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School–university partnerships have served as possible solutions for many contemporary educational challenges. As centers for clinical practice, they are potential vehicles for the development and refinement of candidate use of high-leverage practices (HLPs). This article describes our institution’s efforts to utilize our framework for clinically rich preparation to infuse HLPs into programming for undergraduate, dual-certification majors (i.e., general and special education). With the goal of program revision, general and special education faculty mutually agreed on a draft set of HLPs, which were finalized based on extensive feedback from school partners. To assess the viability of these collaboratively crafted HLPs, a subset of HLPs were identified and integrated into course content and clinical experiences during a pilot project. We highlight these learning experiences; discuss organizational, pedagogical, and empirical challenges; and offer general recommendations for next steps.
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Medina, Josep R., M. Esther Gomez-Martin, Patricia Mares-Nasarre, Mireille Escudero, Itxaso Oderiz, Edgar Mendoza, and Rodolfo Silva. "HOMOGENEOUS LOW-CRESTED STRUCTURES FOR BEACH PROTECTION IN CORAL REEF AREAS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36v (December 31, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36v.papers.59.
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In many countries, the health of the marine ecosystems and the sun-sand-sea tourism depend on the coral reefs, which have been retreating around the world during the last decades. Homogeneous Low-Crested Structures (HLCS), made of large rocks or pre-cast concrete units, can be placed to mimic the functions of beach protection and eventually serve as a refuge for species. HLCS is a type of multi-purpose green infrastructure which is functionally similar to conventional low-crested structures but have higher porosity and are more easily dismantled for re-use. Contrary to conventional low-crested structures, the functionality of HLCS protecting beaches depends on the selected placement grid; this paper describes physical and numerical placement tests on horizontal bottom used to characterize the layers coefficients of Cubipod HLCS. The Bullet Physic Engine (BPE) numerical model used in the gaming industry, which is based on the rigid body method, is calibrated using the physical placement tests. The layer coefficients of Cubipod HLCS measured in the physical placement tests were similar to those obtained with the BPE numerical model, which could be used to optimize placement grids of HLCS on specific sea bottom conditions. Finally, the influence of the placement grid of Cubipod HLCS on the structure height, crest freeboard and wave transmission is analyzed.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/5bi-jpuJYcQ
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Oskin, Mark, Frederic T. Chong, and Matthew Farrens. "HLS." ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News 28, no. 2 (May 2000): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/342001.339656.
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Anfinson, Melissa, Sara Creighton, Jeanne James, Peter Frommeltry Goetsch, Pippa Simpson, Michael E. Mitchell, and Aoy Tomita-Mitchell. "77085 Impact of MYH6 Variants on Development and Clinical Course of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (March 2021): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.647.
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ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work represents a novel way in which genetic information can be used to improve clinical decision making as it pertains to both treatment and management of congenital heart disease. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our lab found that MYH6 variants are both enriched in hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and associated with decreased cardiac transplant-free survival. To elucidate the mechanisms of MYH6 variant pathogenicity, we are assessing their impact on atrial function during HLHS development and progression. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We are using 2D speckle-based tracking to retrospectively evaluate echocardiograms (echos) from 51 HLHS patients, 17 with MYH6 variants and 34 matched controls. Atrial function will be assessed by myocardial strain and strain rate at seven time points, beginning at the time of the patients’ earliest prenatal echo, and ending with their last available echo before death or cardiac transplant. Early left atrial function will examine the role of MYH6 variants in the development of HLHS in vivo, while longitudinal right atrial function will be assessed in order to look for differences that could be contributing to the decreased transplant-free survival seen in MYH6 variant carriers. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We hypothesize that MYH6 variants cause HLHS by impairing early left atrial (LA) contractility, resulting in altered left ventricular hemodynamics and consequent hypoplasia. We therefore expect to find diminished prenatal LA function in HLHS patients with MYH6 variants. We also hypothesize that MYH6 variants continue to impair right atrial (RA) function in surgically-reconstructed HLHS hearts, necessitating earlier transplantation. Accordingly, we expect variant carriers to exhibit lower RA function at birth versus controls. We expect differences between groups to persist over time, and possibly increase in magnitude. In HLHS patients with MYH6 variants, we anticipate declining RA function will precede right ventricular function and therefore be an early indicator of transplant need. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This study represents a novel way in which genetic information can inform clinical decision-making. Identifying MYH6 variants as an early cause of HLHS offers chances for intervention. Understanding long-term effects of MYH6 on right atrial function in HLHS may aid in cardiac transplant risk stratification, thus improving patient outcomes.
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Claeskens, J. F., A. O. Jaunsen, and J. Surdej. "Gravitational Lenses Among Highly Luminous Quasars: Large Optical Surveys." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 173 (1996): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900230805.
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The search for multiply imaged quasars among highly luminous quasars (HLQs) is a very good strategy to determine the fundamental parameters of the Universe. We report on the present observational status of a combined sample of HLQs, including new observations obtained with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT) and at ESO. This combined sample of HLQs now contains 1178 distinct HLQs. A complete list of the total sample will be soon made available, through a World-Wide-Web page. Preliminary maximum likelihood results are also presented, using a simple statistical model to constrain the values of galactic parameters, of the number counts of QSOs, and of the cosmological constant.
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Dressler, Roswita. ""There is no space for being German": Portraits of Willing and Reluctant Heritage Language Learners of German." Heritage Language Journal 7, no. 2 (August 30, 2010): 162–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.7.2.2.
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Some heritage language learners (HLLs) are comfortable identifying themselves as such, while others are decidedly reluctant to adopt this term (Piño & Piño, 2000). HLLs in this paper are defined as those students having a parent or grandparent who speaks German or those who have spent a significant part of their childhood in a German-speaking country (as suggested in Beaudrie & Ducar, 2005, p. 13). This paper highlights case studies of six HLLs of German at the post-secondary level who are participants in a motivation study (Dressler, 2008). Three students are ‘willing’ HLLs. The additional three case studies are of students that I will call ‘reluctant’ HLLs of German, and this paper explores the reasons behind their reluctance and the components of self-identification, which include language identity (Block, 2007; Pierce, 1995); language expertise; affiliation and inheritance (Leung, Harris, & Rampton, 1997); cultural artifacts (Bartlett, 2007) and positioning (Block, 2007).
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Strzelecka, Iwona, Małgorzata Biedrzycka, Filip Franciszek Karuga, Bartosz Szmyd, Katarzyna Batarowicz, and Maria Respondek-Liberska. "Seasonality of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Single Ventricle Heart in Poland in the Context of Air Pollution." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 15 (July 21, 2021): 3207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10153207.
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Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and single ventricle (SV) remain a significant cause of cardiac deaths occurring in the first week of life. Their pathogenesis and seasonal frequency are still unknown. Therefore, we attempt to look at the genesis of the HLHS and SV in the context of territorial distribution as well as seasonality. A total of 193 fetuses diagnosed with HLHS and 92 with SV were selected. The frequency was analyzed depending on the year, calendar month, quarter and season (fall-winter vs. spring-summer). The spatial distribution of HLHS and SV in Poland was analyzed. We observed a statistically significant overrepresentation of HLHS formation frequency in March: 27 (14.00%) in comparison to a monthly median of 15 (IQR: 13.75–16.25; p = 0.039), as well as a significantly higher frequency of HLHS in 2007−2009: 65 cases (33.68%) in comparison to the annual mean of 13.79 ± 6.36 (p < 0.001). We noted a higher frequency of SV among parous with the last menstrual period reported in the fall/winter season of 58 vs. 34 in the spring/summer season (p = 0.014). The performed analysis also revealed significant SV overrepresentation in 2008: 11 cases (12.00%) in comparison to the annual mean of 6.57 ± 2.71 (p = 0.016). Every single case of HLHS was observed when the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene and/or PM10 exceeded the acceptable/target level. Our research indicates that both the season and the level of pollution are significant factors affecting the health of parous women and their offspring. The reason why HLHS and SV develop more frequently at certain times of the year remains unclear, therefore research on this topic should be continued, as well as on the effects of PM10 and benzo(a)pyrene exposure.
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Puosi, Riina, Marit Korkman, Anne Sarajuuri, Eero Jokinen, Leena Mildh, Ilkka Mattila, and Tuula Lönnqvist. "Neurocognitive Development and Behavioral Outcome of 2-Year-Old Children with Univentricular Heart." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 17, no. 6 (October 13, 2011): 1094–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135561771100110x.
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AbstractRecent advances in the treatment of children with severe congenital heart defects, such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and other forms of univentricular heart (UVH), have significantly improved their survival rates. However, these children are at risk for various neurodevelopmental deficits. The aim of the present study was to assess cognitive development, expressive language, and behavior in 30-month-old children with univentricular heart. The participants were 22 children with HLHS, 14 with UVH, and 41 healthy control subjects. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development II, MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories, and Child Behavior Checklist were used for assessments. The results revealed that children with HLHS exhibited a significantly lower mean mental development index, more delays in expressive language functions, and more behavioral problems than did the control children. Two children with HLHS (9%) had mental development indexes below 50, indicating significantly delayed performance. The children with UVH differed from the control children with respect to their lower mean mental development index. These findings suggest that at the age of 30 months, neurodevelopmental deficits are especially prevalent in children with HLHS. Thus, early developmental screening, intervention, and neuropsychological follow-up until school age is recommended particularly for the children with HLHS. (JINS, 2011, 17, 1094–1103)
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Jiang, Yan, Yali Xu, Jinliang Tang, and Hongmei Xia. "Assessment of Structural and Functional Abnormalities of the Myocardium and the Ascending Aorta in Fetus with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2616729.
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Aims. To detect anatomical and intrinsic histopathological features of the ascending aorta and left ventricular (LV) myocardium and evaluate right ventricular (RV) function in fetuses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS).Methods. Twenty-five fetuses diagnosed with HLHS were followed up in the antenatal and postpartum periods. 12 necropsy heart specimens were analyzed for morphological and histological changes.Results. Prenatal echocardiography and pathologic anatomy displayed the typical characteristics of HLHS as a severe underdevelopment of the LV in the form of mitral stenosis or atresia or as aortic atresia or stenosis, with a decreased ratio of aortic diameter to pulmonary artery diameter (median of 0.49 with a range of 0.24 to 0.69,p≤0.001) and a higher ratio of RV diameter to LV diameter (median of 2.44 with a range of 1.33 to 6.25,p≤0.001). The RV volume, stroke volume, and cardiac output in HLHS fetuses were increased compared with the gestational age-matched normal controls (p<0.01). Histological changes in the 12 HLHS specimens included LV myocardial fibrosis, aortic elastic fragmentation, and fibrosis.Conclusions. In addition to severe anatomical deformity, distinct histological abnormalities in the LV myocardium and aortic wall were identified in the fetuses with HLHS. RV function damage may be potentially exists.
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Yan, Huifang, Haoran Ji, Thomas Kubisiak, Ye Wu, Jiangxi Xiao, Qiang Gu, Yanling Yang, et al. "Genetic analysis of 20 patients with hypomyelinating leukodystrophy by trio-based whole-exome sequencing." Journal of Human Genetics 66, no. 8 (February 18, 2021): 761–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s10038-020-00896-5.
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AbstractHypomyelinating leukodystrophies (HLDs) are a rare group of disorders characterized by myelin deficit of the brain-based on MRI. Here, we studied 20 patients with unexplained HLD to uncover their genetic etiology through whole-exome sequencing (WES). Trio-based WES was performed for 20 unresolved HLDs families after genetic tests for the PLP1 duplication and a panel of 115 known leukodystrophy-related genes. Variants in both known genes that related to HLDs and promising candidate genes were analyzed. Minigene splicing assay was conducted to confirm the effect of splice region variant. All 20 patients were diagnosed with HLDs clinically based on myelin deficit on MRI and impaired motor ability. Through WES, in 11 of 20 trios, 15 causative variants were detected in seven genes TUBB4A, POLR1C, POLR3A, SOX10, TMEM106B, DEGS1, and TMEM63A. The last three genes have just been discovered. Of 15 variants, six were novel. Using minigene splicing assay, splice variant POLR3A c.1770 + 5 G > C was proved to disrupt the normal splicing of intron 13 and led to a premature stop codon at position 618 (p.(P591Vfs*28)). Our analysis determined the molecular diagnosis of 11 HLDs patients. It emphasizes the heterogenicity of HLDs, the diagnostic power of trio-based WES for HLDs. Comprehensive analysis including a focus on candidate genes helps to discover novel disease-causing genes, determine the diagnosis for the first time, and improve the yield of WES. Moreover, novel mutations identified in TUBB4A, POLR3A, and POLR1C expand the mutation spectrum of these genes.
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Baah, J., M. Ivan, A. N. Hristov, P. S. Mir, and T. A. McAllister. "Effects of sunflower oil in barley grain-based finishing diets on growth and carcass quality of feedlot steers." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 86, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/a06-062.
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High linoleic acid sunflower oil (HLSO) was included at 0, 3, 6, or 9% [dry matter (DM) basis] in barley-based finishing diets offered to 60 steers fed individually (n = 15 per dietary treatment). Trends toward improved average daily gain (ADG) (by 13% with 6% HLSO; quadratic, P = 0.08) and feed efficiency (by 7%, linear, P = 0.09) were observed. Steers tolerated 9% HLSO with no adverse effect on performance. Key words: Carcass characteristics, growth performance, linoleic acid, sunflower oil
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Lacy, Shannon H., Collynn F. Woeller, Thomas H. Thatcher, Krishna Rao Maddipati, Kenneth V. Honn, Patricia J. Sime, and Richard P. Phipps. "Human lung fibroblasts produce proresolving peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ ligands in a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent manner." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 311, no. 5 (November 1, 2016): L855—L867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00272.2016.
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Human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) act as innate immune sentinel cells that amplify the inflammatory response to injurious stimuli. Here, we use targeted lipidomics to explore the hypothesis that HLFs also play an active role in the resolution of inflammation. We detected cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-dependent production of both proinflammatory and proresolving prostaglandins (PGs) in conditioned culture medium from HLFs treated with a proinflammatory stimulus, IL-1β. Among the proresolving PGs in the HLF lipidome were several known ligands for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), a transcription factor whose activation in the lung yields potent anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and proresolving effects. Next, we used a cell-based luciferase reporter to confirm the ability of HLF supernatants to activate PPARγ, demonstrating, for the first time, that primary HLFs activated with proinflammatory IL-1β or cigarette smoke extract produce functional PPARγ ligands; this phenomenon is temporally regulated, COX-2- and lipocalin-type PGD synthase-dependent, and enhanced by arachidonic acid supplementation. Finally, we used luciferase reporter assays to show that several of the PGs in the lipidome of activated HLFs independently activate PPARγ and/or inhibit NFκB. These results indicate that HLFs, as immune sentinels, regulate both proinflammatory and proresolving responses to injurious stimuli. This novel endogenous resolution pathway represents a new therapeutic target for globally important inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.