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Journal articles on the topic 'HMW'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Ambrus, J. L., C. H. Jurgensen, E. J. Brown, and A. S. Fauci. "Purification to homogeneity of a high molecular weight human B cell growth factor; demonstration of specific binding to activated B cells; and development of a monoclonal antibody to the factor." Journal of Experimental Medicine 162, no. 4 (1985): 1319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.162.4.1319.

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High molecular weight B cell growth factor (HMW-BCGF) produced by a T cell line was purified to homogeneity and demonstrated to bind specifically to activated human B cells. A monoclonal antibody to HMW-BCGF was developed that (a) specifically inhibited the activity of HMW-BCGF in enhancing B cell proliferation, (b) specifically bound to HMW-BCGF in Western blots, (c) specifically absorbed HMW-BCGF activity from culture supernatants, and (d) specifically absorbed an internally labeled protein from T-ALL supernatant which comigrates with HMW-BCGF on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels. T

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Soulavie, Fabien, David Piepenbrock, Joëlle Thomas, et al. "hemingway is required for sperm flagella assembly and ciliary motility in Drosophila." Molecular Biology of the Cell 25, no. 8 (2014): 1276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e13-10-0616.

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Cilia play major functions in physiology and development, and ciliary dysfunctions are responsible for several diseases in humans called ciliopathies. Cilia motility is required for cell and fluid propulsion in organisms. In humans, cilia motility deficiencies lead to primary ciliary dyskinesia, with upper-airways recurrent infections, left–right asymmetry perturbations, and fertility defects. In Drosophila, we identified hemingway (hmw) as a novel component required for motile cilia function. hmw encodes a 604–amino acid protein characterized by a highly conserved coiled-coil domain also foun

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Deng, Zhiying, Jichun Tian, and Ruibo Hu. "The accumulation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and their relation to dough rheological quality in Chinese winter wheat." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 1 (2006): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05080.

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Six winter wheat cultivars were categorised into high gluten, medium gluten, and low gluten according to their protein content and gluten index. The object of this study was to determine the accumulation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and their relationship to dough rheological quality. They were grown in 3 replicates on experimental plots at the Shandong Agricultural University research farm in 2001. HMW-GS compositions during grain development were investigated by SDS-PAGE procedures, followed by imaging densitometry to determine quantitative variations. Initial formatio

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Kellermair, Joerg, Sahrai Saeed, Helmut W. Ott, et al. "High-molecular-weight von Willebrand Factor multimer ratio differentiates true-severe from pseudo-severe classical low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 21, no. 10 (2020): 1123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa056.

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Abstract Aims Upon high wall shear stress, high-molecular-weight (HMW) von Willebrand Factor (VWF) multimers are degraded, thus, HMW VWF multimer deficiency mirrors haemodynamics at the site of aortic stenosis (AS). The aim of the present study was to analyse the role of HMW VWF multimer ratio for subcategorization of classical low-flow, low-gradient (LF/LG) AS. Methods and results Eighty-three patients with classical LF/LG AS were prospectively recruited and HMW VWF multimer pattern was analysed using a densitometric quantification of western blot bands. Patients were subclassified into true-

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Li, Yi, Jiahui Fu, Qun Shen, and Dong Yang. "High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits: Genetics, Structures, and Relation to End Use Qualities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 1 (2020): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010184.

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High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) are storage proteins present in the starchy endosperm cells of wheat grain. Encoding the synthesis of HMW-GS, the Glu-1 loci located on the long arms of group 1 chromosomes of the hexaploid wheat (1A, 1B, and 1D) present multiple allelism. In hexaploid wheat cultivars, almost all of them express 3 to 5 HMW-GSs and the 1Ay gene is always silent. Though HMW-GSs are the minor components in gluten, they are crucial for dough properties, and certain HMW-GSs make more positive contributions than others. The HMW-GS acts as a “chain extender” and provi

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Ueshima, S., K. Silence, D. Collen, and H. R. Lijnen. "Molecular Conversions of Recombinant Staphylokinase During Plasminogen Activation in Purified Systems and in Human Plasma." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 70, no. 03 (1993): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649612.

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SummaryRecombinant staphylokinase (STAR) is produced as a 136 amino acid protein with NH2-terminal sequence Ser-Ser-Ser (mature STAR, HMW-STAR), which may be converted to lower molecular weight forms (LMW-STAR) by removal of the first six residues (yielding STAR-Δ6 with NH2-terminal Gly-Lys-Tyr-) or the first ten residues (yielding STAR-Δ10 with NH2-terminal Lys-Gly-Asp-). In the present study the occurrence and effects of these conversions during plasminogen activation by HMW-STAR were studied in purified systems and in human plasma.In stoichiometric mixtures of HMW-STAR and native human plas

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7

Eglit, Triin, Margus Lember, Inge Ringmets, and Tarvo Rajasalu. "Gender differences in serum high-molecular-weight adiponectin levels in metabolic syndrome." European Journal of Endocrinology 168, no. 3 (2013): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-12-0688.

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to estimate gender-specific associations between metabolic syndrome (MS) and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin in an Estonian adult population.MethodsPlasma HMW adiponectin was measured in 458 subjects (191 men) who participated in a population-based cross-sectional multicenter study (n=495) on the prevalence of metabolic disorders in Estonia. MS was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.ResultsMedian HMW adiponectin levels (μg/ml) were significantly lower among all subjects with MS compared

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8

Sinha, Madhur K., Traci Songer, Qiang Xiao, et al. "Analytical Validation and Biological Evaluation of a High–Molecular-Weight Adiponectin ELISA." Clinical Chemistry 53, no. 12 (2007): 2144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2007.090670.

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Abstract Background: Of the 3 circulating multimeric forms of adiponectin, the high–molecular-weight (HMW) form, as measured by size-exclusion and/or immunoblotting techniques, is a better index of insulin sensitivity for monitoring health and disease than is total adiponectin. We aimed to develop a simple ELISA to measure HMW adiponectin. Methods: We pretreated serum or plasma samples with digestion solution containing proteinase K (Millipore, ESDS). HMW (Millipore, EZHMWA-64K) and total adiponectin (Millipore, EZHADP-61K) concentrations were measured in treated and untreated samples, respect

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Lämmle, Bernhard, Bruce L. Zuraw, Mary Jo Heeb, et al. "Detection and Quantitation of Cleaved and Uncleaved High Molecular Weight Kininogen in Plasma by Ligand Blotting with Radiolabeled Plasma Prekallikrein or Factor XI." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 59, no. 02 (1988): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642745.

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SummaryA method for the quantitative assay of native single chain and kallikrein cleaved two-chain high molecular weight (HMW)-kininogen in plasma is described. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of whole plasma is followed by electrotransfer of the electropherogram to nitrocellulose membranes and detection of the blotted HMW-kininogen with its physiologic ligands, radiolabeled plasma prekallikrein or radiolabeled factor XI. Using unreduced SDS-PAGE cleaved two-chain HMW-kininogen (Mr ∼107,000 and 95,000), is elec-trophoretically separated from uncleaved singl

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van Schilfgaarde, Muriel, Peter van Ulsen, Paul Eijk, et al. "Characterization of Adherence of NontypeableHaemophilus influenzae to Human Epithelial Cells." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 8 (2000): 4658–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.8.4658-4665.2000.

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ABSTRACT The adherence of 58 nontypeable Haemophilus influenzaeisolates obtained from patients with otitis media or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obtained from the throats of healthy individuals to Chang and NCI-H292 epithelial cells was compared. Otitis media isolates, but not COPD isolates, adhered significantly more to both cell lines than did throat isolates. Since high-molecular-weight (HMW) proteins are major adhesins of nontypeableH. influenzae, the isolates were screened for HMW protein expression by Western blotting with two polyclonal sera and PCR withhmw-specific

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11

Kleniewski, J., and V. Donaldson. "Granulocyte elastase cleaves human high molecular weight kininogen and destroys its clot-promoting activity." Journal of Experimental Medicine 167, no. 6 (1988): 1895–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.167.6.1895.

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Purified human granulocyte elastase cleaved purified human high molecular weight (HMW) kininogen into multiple low molecular weight fragments, and destroyed the clot-promoting activity of the HMW kininogen. Elastase digestion did not release kinin or destroy the bradykinin portion of the HMW kininogen molecule; kallikrein could release kinin from the elastase-induced low molecular weight digestion products of HMW kininogen. Purified alpha 1-antitrypsin prevented the destruction of the clot-promoting activity of HMW kininogen by elastase; it also delayed the clotting of normal plasma. Elastase

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12

Wang, H. Q., and X. Y. Zhang. "An approach for isolating high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes using monoclonal antibodies." Genome 49, no. 2 (2006): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g05-094.

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High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) play an important role in the breadmaking quality of wheat flour. In China, cultivars such as Triticum aestivum 'Xiaoyan No. 6' carrying the 1Bx14 and 1By15 glutenin subunits usually have attributes that result in high-quality bread and noodles. HMW-GS 1Bx14 and 1By15 were isolated by preparative sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and used as an antigen to immunize BALB/c mice. A resulting monoclonal antibody belonging to the IgG1 subclass was shown to bind to all HMW-GSs of Triticum aestivum cultivars, but di

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Lang, Susanne M. "Akute COPD-Exazerbationen: Positive Wirkung von inhalierter hochmolekularer Hyaluronsäure bei schwerer Ateminsuffizienz." Kompass Pneumologie 9, no. 3 (2021): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000516521.

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<b>Background:</b> Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) carry significant morbidity and mortality. AECOPD treatment remains limited. High molecular weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA) is a glycosaminoglycan sugar, which is a physiological constituent of the lung extracellular matrix and has notable anti-inflammatory and hydrating properties. <b>Research question:</b> We hypothesized that inhaled HMW-HA will improve outcomes in AECOPD. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a single center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study to i

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de Munk, Gerard A. W., Eleonore Groeneveld, and Dingeman C. Rijken. "Comparison of the In Vitro Fibrinolytic Activities of Low and High Molecular Weight Single-Chain Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 70, no. 03 (1993): 481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649609.

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SummaryThe fibrinolytic activity of low molecular weight (LMW) single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) lacking the epidermal growth factor domain and the kringle domain was compared with the activity of high molecular weight (HMW) scu-PA. LMW scu-PA was 1-5 times less active than HMW scu-PA in a fibrin plate method, in a purified fibrin clot lysis assay and in a plasma clot lysis assay. Time course experiments in a chromogenic plasminogen activator assay suggested that LMW scu-PA was less sensitive to activation by plasmin than HMW scu-PA. This was confirmed in a scu-PA acti

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15

Chang, JJ, CF Scott, and RW Colman. "Role of arginine residues in the coagulant activity of high molecular weight kininogen." Blood 67, no. 3 (1986): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v67.3.805.805.

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Abstract High molecular weight (HMW) kininogen, the cofactor for activation of the contact system of plasma proteolysis, transports and optimally positions prekallikrein and factor XI on a negatively charged surface, allowing those zymogens to be activated by surface-bound factor XIIa. HMW kininogen circulates in plasma as a procofactor that, after cleavage by kallikrein or factor XIIa, gains ability to bind to the surface. The mechanism responsible for this increased affinity for the surface is unknown. We hypothesized that modification of arginine residues may prevent cleavage of HMW kininog

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Chang, JJ, CF Scott, and RW Colman. "Role of arginine residues in the coagulant activity of high molecular weight kininogen." Blood 67, no. 3 (1986): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v67.3.805.bloodjournal673805.

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High molecular weight (HMW) kininogen, the cofactor for activation of the contact system of plasma proteolysis, transports and optimally positions prekallikrein and factor XI on a negatively charged surface, allowing those zymogens to be activated by surface-bound factor XIIa. HMW kininogen circulates in plasma as a procofactor that, after cleavage by kallikrein or factor XIIa, gains ability to bind to the surface. The mechanism responsible for this increased affinity for the surface is unknown. We hypothesized that modification of arginine residues may prevent cleavage of HMW kininogen, since

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17

Zheng, Jia, Xinhua Xiao, Qian Zhang, et al. "Correlation of High-Molecular-Weight Adiponectin and Leptin Concentrations with Anthropometric Parameters and Insulin Sensitivity in Newborns." International Journal of Endocrinology 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/435376.

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Objective. High-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) and leptin are two important adipokines. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the two adipokines and anthropometric measurements of neonates at birth. Furthermore, we would like to explore whether HMW-adiponectin and leptin correlate with insulin sensitivity in neonates.Methods. Venous cord blood samples were obtained from 266 full-term healthy neonates consecutively born at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. HMW-adiponectin, leptin, blood glucose, and insulin concentrations were measured.Results. HMW-ad

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18

Song, Lijun, Liqun Li, Liye Zhao, Zhenzhen Liu, Tingting Xie, and Xuejun Li. "Absence of Dx2 at Glu-D1 Locus Weakens Gluten Quality Potentially Regulated by Expression of Nitrogen Metabolism Enzymes and Glutenin-Related Genes in Wheat." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 4 (2020): 1383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21041383.

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Absence of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) Dx2 weakens the gluten quality, but it is unclear how the absence of Dx2 has these effects. Thus, we investigated the gluten quality in terms of cytological, physicochemical, and transcriptional characteristics using two near-isogenic lines with Dx2 absent or present at Glu-D1 locus. Cytological observations showed that absence of Dx2 delayed and decreased the accumulation of protein bodies (PBs), where fewer and smaller PBs formed in the endosperm. The activity and gene expression levels of nitrogen assimilation and proteolysis enzyme

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Ma, Xin, Xuye Du, Cunyao Bo, Hongwei Wang, Anfei Li, and Lingrang Kong. "Modification of a novel x-type high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit gene from Aegilops markgrafii to improve dough strength of wheat flour." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 9 (2018): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18036.

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High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in bread wheat are major determinants of dough viscoelastic properties and the end-use quality of wheat flour. Cysteine residues, which form intermolecular disulphide bonds in HMW-GS, could improve the strength of gluten. To our knowledge, the number and position of cysteine residues in HMW-GS are conserved between wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Aegilops markgrafii. In the present study, we modified a gene (1Cx1.1) from Ae. markgrafii for an HMW-GS that possessed the typical structure and conserved number of cysteines. Site-directed mutagenesis w

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Sato, Yoshiaki, Hironori Yoshino, Eichi Tsuruga, and Ikuo Kashiwakura. "Fas Ligand Enhances Apoptosis of Human Lung Cancer Cells Cotreated with RIG-I-like Receptor Agonist and Radiation." Current Cancer Drug Targets 20, no. 5 (2020): 372–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009620666200115161717.

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Background: Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) play key roles in the antiviral response, but recent works show that RLR activation elicits anticancer activity as well, including apoptosis. Previously, we demonstrated that the anticancer activity of the RLR agonist Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec™ [Poly(I:C)-HMW] against human lung cancer cells was enhanced by cotreatment with ionizing radiation (IR). In addition, cotreatment with Poly(I:C)-HMW and IR induced apoptosis in a Fas-independent manner, and increased Fas expression on the cell surface. Objective: The current study inve

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Alvarez, M. L., S. Guelman, N. G. Halford, et al. "Silencing of HMW glutenins in transgenic wheat expressing extra HMW subunits." Theoretical and Applied Genetics 100, no. 2 (2000): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050042.

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22

Indulekha, K., J. Surendar, R. M. Anjana, et al. "Circulating Levels of High Molecular Weight (HMW) Adiponectin and Total Adiponectin in Relation to Fat Distribution, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Asian Indians." Disease Markers 33, no. 4 (2012): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/672939.

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Aim: To look at the association of total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin with markers of fat distribution, oxidative stress and inflammation in Asian Indians.Methods: A total of 120 subjects were chosen randomly from Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiological Study. Fasting HMW adiponectin levels, TNF-alpha and oxidized LDL were measured using ELISA. High sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured by a high sensitive nephelometric assay. Lipid peroxidation was measured by Tbars assay and protein carbonyl content was assessed by DNPH assay. Visceral and subcutaneous fat areas were

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Gueugnon, Carine, Fabienne Mougin, Marie-Laure Simon-Rigaud, Jacques Regnard, Véronique Nègre, and Gilles Dumoulin. "Effects of an in-patient treatment program based on regular exercise and a balanced diet on high molecular weight adiponectin, resistin levels, and insulin resistance in adolescents with severe obesity." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 37, no. 4 (2012): 672–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h2012-045.

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Adiponectin, the most abundant hormone produced by adipose tissue, circulates in 3 isoforms, including high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin. The latter has been suggested to be a better predictor of metabolic disturbances and insulin resistance associated with obesity. This study investigated changes in total and HMW adiponectin, resistin, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) during a 9-month in-patient treatment program based on physical exercise and a balanced diet in 32 severely obese adolescents. Total and HMW adiponectin, resistin, and HOMA were measured at baseline (month 0) and du

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Du, Xuye, Biya Xia, Fang He, and Mingjian Ren. "1Mx2.1, a novel high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit from Aegilops comosa and its relationship to high-quality dough." Plant Genetic Resources: Characterization and Utilization 17, no. 04 (2019): 379–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262119000091.

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AbstractHigh-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) of endosperm is mainly correlated with dough quality of bread wheat. In wheat cultivars, the HMW-GS genes with good processing quality are limited. However, there are an amount of excellent HMW-GS genes presenting in wheat-related species. In this work, two novel HMW-GS genes located on 1 M chromosome from Aegilops comosa have been cloned, designated as 1Mx2.1 and 1My12.1, respectively. The molecular structure of 1Mx2.1 and 1My12.1 showed high similarity with the published HMW-GS, but containing unique structures. 1Mx2.1 contained an extr

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Hayashi, H., F. Ishimaru, T. Fujita, N. Tsurumi, T. Tsuda, and I. Kimura. "Molecular genetic survey of five Japanese families with high-molecular- weight kininogen deficiency." Blood 75, no. 6 (1990): 1296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v75.6.1296.1296.

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Abstract Analyses of the kininogen (KGN) molecule and KGN gene status in five Japanese families with high-molecular-weight (HMW) KGN deficiency were performed by the immunoblotting method with monoclonal antibodies to HMW-KGN, and by the Southern blotting method with the cDNA for human low-molecular-weight prekininogen. No molecular abnormality of KGN was detected in the DNA from four patients with total KGN deficiency or one patient with isolated HMW-KGN deficiency. In the former, the KGN gene appeared to be grossly normal at the level of the whole genome on Southern blotting. In isolated HMW

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Hayashi, H., F. Ishimaru, T. Fujita, N. Tsurumi, T. Tsuda, and I. Kimura. "Molecular genetic survey of five Japanese families with high-molecular- weight kininogen deficiency." Blood 75, no. 6 (1990): 1296–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v75.6.1296.bloodjournal7561296.

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Analyses of the kininogen (KGN) molecule and KGN gene status in five Japanese families with high-molecular-weight (HMW) KGN deficiency were performed by the immunoblotting method with monoclonal antibodies to HMW-KGN, and by the Southern blotting method with the cDNA for human low-molecular-weight prekininogen. No molecular abnormality of KGN was detected in the DNA from four patients with total KGN deficiency or one patient with isolated HMW-KGN deficiency. In the former, the KGN gene appeared to be grossly normal at the level of the whole genome on Southern blotting. In isolated HMW-KGN defi

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Jang, You-Ran, Kyoungwon Cho, Se Won Kim, et al. "Development of an Optimized MALDI-TOF-MS Method for High-Throughput Identification of High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits in Wheat." Molecules 25, no. 18 (2020): 4347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25184347.

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Because high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) are important contributors to wheat end-use quality, there is a need for high-throughput identification of HMW-GS in wheat genetic resources and breeding lines. We developed an optimized method using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to distinguish individual HMW-GS by considering the effects of the alkylating reagent in protein extraction, solvent components, dissolving volume, and matrix II components. Using the optimized method, 18 of 22 HMW-GS were successfully identified in s

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Lennon, Jay T. "Diversity and Metabolism of Marine Bacteria Cultivated on Dissolved DNA." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 9 (2007): 2799–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02674-06.

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ABSTRACT Dissolved DNA (dDNA) is a potentially important source of energy and nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. However, little is known about the identity, metabolism, and interactions of the microorganisms capable of consuming dDNA. Bacteria from Eel Pond (Woods Hole, MA) were cultivated on low-molecular-weight (LMW) or high-molecular-weight (HMW) dDNA, which served as the primary source of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Cloning and sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that distinct bacterial assemblages with comparable levels of taxon richness developed on LMW and HMW dDNA. Since the LMW

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Magkos, Faidon, B. Selma Mohammed, and Bettina Mittendorfer. "Enhanced insulin sensitivity after acute exercise is not associated with changes in high-molecular weight adiponectin concentration in plasma." European Journal of Endocrinology 162, no. 1 (2010): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-09-0756.

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Background and objectiveThe effect of exercise on the plasma concentration of high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin (i.e. the biologically active form of circulating adiponectin) and the possible role of HMW adiponectin in mediating the exercise-induced enhancement of insulin action are not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the post-exercise increase in insulin sensitivity and plasma HMW adiponectin concentration.Design and methodsWe measured total and HMW adiponectin concentrations in plasma using an ELISA kit, and insulin sensitivity using the updated ho

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Wright, Olivia R. L., Ingrid J. Hickman, William G. Petchey, et al. "The effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D on insulin sensitivity in obesity: is it mediated via adiponectin?" Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 91, no. 6 (2013): 496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2012-0436.

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There has been substantial recent interest in using vitamin D to improve insulin sensitivity and preventing/delaying diabetes in those at risk. There is little consensus on the physiological mechanisms and whether the association is direct or indirect through enhanced production of insulin-sensitising chemicals, including adiponectin. We examined cross-sectional associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), parathyroid hormone (PTH), waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG), total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponec

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Han, Xinjun, Yan Feng, Xinbing Han, et al. "8-Week Basic Military Training Improves Adiponectin Multimer Ratio in Healthy Young Males." International Journal of Sports Medicine 40, no. 01 (2018): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0770-6093.

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AbstractTo investigate the effect of exercise on adiponectin in young healthy human males, we examined serum total adiponectin and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin in newly recruited male soldiers who participated in an 8-week basic military training (BMT). A total of 95 males (mean age, 18.79±1.50 years) were sampled from among 1,100 new male army recruits in China. Participants were separated into 3 groups according to their body mass index (BMI): overweight group (BMI: 24.9 kg/m2 to<30 kg/m2; n=26); normal-weight group (BMI: 18.5 kg/m2 to<24.9 kg/m2; n=40); and underweight grou

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Haberichter, Sandra L., Paula M. Jacobi, Veronica H. Flood, et al. "Quantitative Analysis of VWF Multimer Structure: Discrimination Between VWD Subtypes." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.1215.1215.

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Abstract Abstract 1215 The diagnosis of von Willebrand disease (VWD) and discrimination between its subtypes includes analysis of VWF:Ag, VWF:RCo, and VWF multimer structure. VWF multimer analysis is qualitative, and therefore a subjective assessment open to interpretation. It is often difficult to assess subtle differences in multimer structure. To address these shortcomings we have developed a quantitative method for analysis of VWF multimers. We have analyzed multimer structure for VWD patients and healthy controls recruited through the Zimmerman Program for the Molecular and Clinical Biolo

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Vawser, M.-J., and G. B. Cornish. "Over-expression of HMW glutenin subunit Glu-B1 7x in hexaploid wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum)." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 5 (2004): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03227.

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In Canada in 1993, a special market class of wheat, Canada Western Extra Strong (CWES), was established to segregate wheat varieties known to produce very strong and extensible doughs. These exceptional dough properties enable CWES cultivars to be blended with wheats of lesser quality as well as being suited to the manufacture of frozen dough products. The high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin allele (Glu-B1al) that confers these properties, particularly dough strength, has now been identified. Typically, the presence of the Glu-B1al (7+8*) allele is associated with the overexpression of HMW-GS

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Kothapalli, Devashish, Liang Zhao, Elizabeth A. Hawthorne, et al. "Hyaluronan and CD44 antagonize mitogen-dependent cyclin D1 expression in mesenchymal cells." Journal of Cell Biology 176, no. 4 (2007): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200611058.

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High molecular weight (HMW) hyaluronan (HA) is widely distributed in the extracellular matrix, but its biological activities remain incompletely understood. We previously reported that HMW-HA binding to CD44 antagonizes mitogen-induced S-phase entry in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs; Cuff, C.A., D. Kothapalli, I. Azonobi, S. Chun, Y. Zhang, R. Belkin, C. Yeh, A. Secreto, R.K. Assoian, D.J. Rader, and E. Puré. 2001. J. Clin. Invest. 108:1031–1040); we now characterize the underlying molecular mechanism and document its relevance in vivo. HMW-HA inhibits the mitogen-dependent induction of c

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Drake, Allison S., Brady T. Michael, Xin Hui Wang, et al. "The Effects of Anti-High Molecular Weight-Melanoma Associated Antigen (HMW-MAA) Monoclonal Antibodies (mAb) Against 11q23 Positive Acute Leukemia Cells." Blood 108, no. 11 (2006): 4550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.4550.4550.

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Abstract Acute leukemia with 11q23 aberrations is associated with especially poor outcome to standard treatment. HMW-MAA is a membrane bound proteoglycan that has been targeted in the treatment of malignant melanoma. It is widely distributed on 11q23-positive leukemic cells and is not expressed on normal hematopoietic cells. Finally, HMW-MAA is believed to function by signaling through the focal adhesion kinase (Fak)/proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) pathways and by supporting angiogenesis via its expression on pericytes. We hypothesized that inhibition of HMW-MAA with mAb directed against

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Konduru, Ramakrishna R., Steven N. Liss, and D. Grant Allen. "Recalcitrant Organics Emerging from Biological Treatment of Kraft Mill Effluents." Water Quality Research Journal 36, no. 4 (2001): 737–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2001.039.

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Abstract Recalcitrant organic matter (ROM) in combined kraft mill effluents is that organic matter remaining in the effluents after primary and secondary treatment. Recalcitrant organic matter comprises of both high molecular weight (HMW) and low molecular weight (LMW) components and is of interest, since environmental regulators are considering placing limits on final effluent COD and colour. Biologically treated pulp mill effluent was fractionated by ultrafiltration to study the contributions of the high and low molecular weight recalcitrant organics towards final effluent COD and AOX. Batch

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Ainaa Almardhiyah, Abd Rashid, Zahali Zunura’in, Venkata Murali Krishna Bhavaraju, et al. "Nutritional Status Influences High-Molecular Weight (HMW) Adiponectin levels in Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison with Healthy Controls." World Nutrition Journal 2, no. 2 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25220/wnj.v02.i2.0004.

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Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading killer of women in Malaysia. Nutritional status and adiponectin are modifiable risk factors for breast cancer occurrence which can be efficiently targeted. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels among breast cancer patients as compared to controls. Methods: This was a case- control study, conducted in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia and Universiti Sains Malaysia campus. Newly diagnosed breast cancer cases (n=55) were assigned as cases while healthy co

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Oslovičová, V., Z. Gálová, M. Chňapek, and Ž. Balážová. "Identification of Triticum aestivum L., Triticum spelta L. and Triticum durum DESF. genotypes on the HMW-GS base." Plant, Soil and Environment 56, No. 2 (2010): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2435-pse.

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The main goal of this work was to identify genotypes of three wheat species Triticum aestivum</i> L., <i>Triticum spelta</i> L., <i>Triticum durum</i> DESF.) on the basis of individual high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) and to predict their technological quality. Detection of HMW-GS was carried out by the standard reference method ISTA SDS-PAGE and the Glu-score was calculated according to the catalogue of alleles for HMW-GS. Among the common wheat varieties the highest Glu-score (10) was determined for the cultivars Axis, Istra and Solara. The most

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Singleton, Patrick A., Tamara Mirzapoiazova, Yurong Guo, et al. "High-molecular-weight hyaluronan is a novel inhibitor of pulmonary vascular leakiness." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 299, no. 5 (2010): L639—L651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00405.2009.

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Endothelial cell (EC) barrier dysfunction results in increased vascular permeability, a perturbation observed in inflammatory states, tumor angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and both sepsis and acute lung injury. Therefore, agents that enhance EC barrier integrity have important therapeutic implications. We observed that binding of high-molecular-weight hyaluronan (HMW-HA) to its cognate receptor CD44 within caveolin-enriched microdomains (CEM) enhances human pulmonary EC barrier function. Immunocytochemical analysis indicated that HMW-HA promotes redistribution of a significant population of CEM

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Yannakoulia, Mary, Nikos Yiannakouris, Labros Melistas, et al. "Dietary factors associated with plasma high molecular weight and total adiponectin levels in apparently healthy women." European Journal of Endocrinology 159, no. 4 (2008): R5—R10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-08-0331.

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ObjectiveOur aim was to investigate associations between dietary factors and high molecular weight (HMW) as well as total adiponectin in a sample of apparently healthy adult Mediterranean women.Design and methodsTwo hundred and twenty women were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric and body composition measurements were performed in all subjects. Fasting blood samples were taken; HMW and total adiponectin concentrations were measured. Food intake was evaluated using 3-day food records. The frequency of consumption of several food groups was approximately quantified in terms of number of serv

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Tao, Tao, Edmond P. Wickham, WuQiang Fan, Jiejin Yang, and Wei Liu. "Distribution of adiponectin multimeric forms in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and their relation to insulin resistance." European Journal of Endocrinology 163, no. 3 (2010): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-10-0021.

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ObjectiveAdiponectin, an abundant adipokine with insulin-sensitizing properties, exists in different multimeric forms, including low-molecular weight, medium-molecular weight, and high-molecular weight (HMW) species. Alterations in the distribution of adiponectin multimers and the relationship between adiponectin multimers and insulin resistance (IR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain unclear. The objective of this study was to compare adiponectin multimerization status and estimate insulin sensitivity in Chinese women with PCOS compared with age- and body mass index (BMI)-m

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Kajendran, Kirushanthy, Naduviladath Vishvanath Chandrasekharan, Chamari Madhu Hettiarachchi, and Wijerupage Sandhya Sulochana Wijesundera. "Cloning and characterization of high molecular weight glutenin gene from Triticum aestivum cultivar Dacke." International Journal of Scientific Reports 4, no. 10 (2018): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20184193.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> High molecular weight (HMW) glutenin protein plays a crucial role in determining dough viscoelastic properties that determines the quality of wheat flour. The aim of the present study was to isolate, clone and analyze (<em>in silico</em>) the HMW glutenin gene of <em>Triticum aestivum</em> cultivar Dacke.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Primers were designed to amplify a 2445 bp fragment of HMW glutenin gene. Ax type HMW glutenin gene from <em>Triticum aesti

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Peters, M. G., J. L. Ambrus, A. S. Fauci, and E. J. Brown. "The Bb fragment of complement factor B acts as a B cell growth factor." Journal of Experimental Medicine 168, no. 4 (1988): 1225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.168.4.1225.

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The process of B cell growth and differentiation into plasma cells is highly regulated and may be influenced by a large number of inflammatory mediators, including complement components. We have studied the regulatory influence of Bb, a 60-kD peptide created during the cleavage of complement Factor B by Factor D and C3b. Purified Bb alone had no effect on proliferation and differentiation of human splenic or tonsillar B cells. However, when B cells were activated by Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC), Bb enhanced proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Bb also enhanced proliferation when co

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Gálová, Z., MichalíkI, H. Knoblochová, and E. Gregová. "Variation in HMW glutenin subunits of different species of wheat." Plant, Soil and Environment 48, No. 1 (2011): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4199-pse.

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Method ISTA SDS-PAGE was used for separation, detection and evaluation of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW) in the different wheat species. The relation has been studied between the HMW glutenin subunit alleles and the bread-making quality of 25 world wheat cultivars and 21 regional varieties common wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.), 17 winter spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.), 3 durum wheat cultivars (Triticum durum DESF.), 9 cultivars of Triticum turgidum L. and 5 cultivars of Triticum polonicum L. The highest frequency of occurrence of HMW glutenin subunits 2*, 13 + 16 and 5

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Tang, Kang, Chunmei Zhang, Yusi Zhang, et al. "Sustained High Levels of Both Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin in Plasma during the Convalescent Phase of Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome Are Associated with Disease Severity." Journal of Immunology Research 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6468097.

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Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is characterised by an uncontrolled immune response that causes vascular leakage. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocytokine involved in prorevascularisation and immunomodulation. To investigate the possible effects of APN in the pathogenesis of HFRS, total and high molecular weight (HMW) APN levels in the plasma of patients with HFRS were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Compared with those in healthy controls, the plasma total and HMW APN levels in patients were elevated to different degrees from the fever onset and remained

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Horáková, Dagmar, Kateřina Azeem, Radka Benešová, et al. "Total and High Molecular Weight Adiponectin Levels and Prediction of Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients." International Journal of Endocrinology 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/545068.

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The study aimed at assessing the potential use of lower total and HMW adiponectin levels for predicting cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Concentrations of total adiponectin or high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin decrease in association with the development of metabolic dysfunction such as obesity, insulin resistance, or T2DM. Increased adiponectin levels are associated with a lower risk for coronary heart disease. A total of 551 individuals were assessed. The first group comprised metabolically healthy participants (143 females, and 126 males) and the s

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Buscher, Amy Z., Katie Burmeister, Stephen J. Barenkamp, and Joseph W. St. Geme. "Evolutionary and Functional Relationships among the Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae HMW Family of Adhesins." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 13 (2004): 4209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.13.4209-4217.2004.

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ABSTRACT Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a common cause of localized respiratory tract disease and initiates infection by colonizing the nasopharynx. Approximately 75 to 80% of NTHi clinical isolates produce proteins that belong to the HMW family of adhesins, which are believed to facilitate colonization. The prototype HMW adhesins are designated HMW1 and HMW2 and were identified in NTHi strain 12. HMW1 and HMW2 are 71% identical and 80% similar overall, yet display differing cellular binding specificities. In the present study we set out to define more clearly the relationships b

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Arese, Marco, Yan Chen, Robert Z. Florkiewicz, Anna Gualandris, Bin Shen, and Daniel B. Rifkin. "Nuclear Activities of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor: Potentiation of Low-Serum Growth Mediated by Natural or Chimeric Nuclear Localization Signals." Molecular Biology of the Cell 10, no. 5 (1999): 1429–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.10.5.1429.

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Human basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) occurs in four isoforms: a low molecular weight (LMW FGF-2, 18 kDa) and three high molecular weight (HMW FGF-2, 22, 22.5, and 24 kDa) forms. LMW FGF-2 is primarily cytoplasmic and functions in an autocrine manner, whereas HMW FGF-2s are nuclear and exert activities through an intracrine, perhaps nuclear, pathway. Selective overexpression of HMW FGF-2 forms in fibroblasts promotes growth in low serum, whereas overexpression of LMW FGF-2 does not. The HMW FGF-2 forms have two functional domains: an amino-terminal extension and a common 18-kDa amino ac

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Folwell, Benjamin D., Terry J. McGenity, and Corinne Whitby. "Biofilm and Planktonic Bacterial and Fungal Communities Transforming High-Molecular-Weight Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 8 (2016): 2288–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.03713-15.

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ABSTRACTHigh-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (HMW-PAHs) are natural components of fossil fuels that are carcinogenic and persistent in the environment, particularly in oil sands process-affected water (OSPW). Their hydrophobicity and tendency to adsorb to organic matter result in low bioavailability and high recalcitrance to degradation. Despite the importance of microbes for environmental remediation, little is known about those involved in HMW-PAH transformations. Here, we investigated the transformation of HMW-PAHs using samples of OSPW and compared the bacterial and funga

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Regano, Edelmiro, Virtudes Vila, Justo Aznar, Victoria Lacueva, Vicenta Martinez, and Miguel Ruano. "Studies on the Functionality of Newly Synthesized Fibrinogen after Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction with Streptokinase, Increase in the Rate of Fibrinopeptide Release." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 70, no. 06 (1993): 0978–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649710.

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SummaryIn 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction who received 1,500,000 U of streptokinase, the gradual appearance of newly synthesized fibrinogen and the fibrinopeptide release during the first 35 h after SK treatment were evaluated. At 5 h the fibrinogen circulating in plasma was observed as the high molecular weight fraction (HMW-Fg). The concentration of HMW-Fg increased continuously, and at 20 h reached values higher than those obtained from normal plasma. HMW-Fg represented about 95% of the total fibrinogen during the first 35 h. The degree of phosphorylation of patient fibrinogen

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