Academic literature on the topic 'Hofstede’s masculinity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Hofstede’s masculinity"
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Aliyev, Vasif. "A Qualitative Observations on the Azarbaijan Cultural Values in Terms of Hofstede`s Cultural Dimensions." Business and Management Research 9, no. 2 (2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/bmr.v9n2p19.
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One of the most fundamental studies on culture in recent years is Dutch scientist Geert Hofstede’s study of the cultural dimension. This study shows what Hofstede's cultural dimensions; individualism-collectivism, power distance, masculinity-femininity, uncertainty avoidance and the countries’ compliance with those dimensions. Additionally, attempts have been made to clarify through qualitative observations which dimensions Azerbaijani culture corresponds in Hofstede criterion.
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Islam, Nasir. "Sifarish, Sycophants, Power and Collectivism: Administrative Culture in Pakistan." International Review of Administrative Sciences 70, no. 2 (2004): 311–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852304044259.
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This article analyses some of the major attributes of Pakistan’s contemporary administrative culture. The article uses Hofstede’s famous four dimensional model of national cultures as an analytical framework. Hofstede’s fourfold typology – power distance, individualism/collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity/femininity – is used as a point of departure for a more elaborate description and analysis of the traditions, values and norms that characterize Pakistan’s governing system. The author uses secondary data from official documents, newspapers, magazines and scholarly literature to support Hofstede’s initial findings. A brief account of the colonial antecedents and post-colonial evolution of the administrative institutions is given to provide the context in which the system operates. The main conclusion is that Pakistan’s relatively high collectivist orientation, high propensity toward uncertainty avoidance, high power distance and masculinity largely account for many traditions and practices including strict adherence to hierarchy, centralization, corruption, nepotism and gender differentiation in administrative roles.
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Gjana, Irma, and Xhimi Hysa. "HOFSTEDE’S CULTURE VALUES SURVEY IN ALBANIAN PRIVATE HOSPITALS." EUREKA: Social and Humanities 3 (May 31, 2020): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5571.2020.001325.
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The purpose of this paper is to highlight the changes that Albanian cultural dimensions’ scores have undergone over time. Hofstede’s Value Survey Module 2013 (VSM 2013) has been applied to examine the six dimensions of culture; power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence. The survey data (N=387) was collected in the two largest private hospitals in Albania. Globalization, technological developments, economical flourishing and crisis, war and peace, influence the shifting of national cultural dimensions’ scores toward negative or positive values [1]. In this study we aim to show the shifting of Albanian culture value scores in time, and compare the results with the ones predicted by the researchers of the field. The results obtained show a negative shift on Albanian culture dimension score of power distance, individualism, long term orientation and indulgence, and a positive shift on masculinity and uncertainty avoidance values. Implications for researchers of the field are discussed in the paper.
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Gjana, Irma. "Hofstede’s Culture Values Survey in Albania: How the cultural scores have shifted over time?" Mednarodno inovativno poslovanje = Journal of Innovative Business and Management 12, no. 1 (2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32015/jibm/2020-12-1-7.
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The purpose of this paper is to highlight the changes that Albanian cultural dimensions’ scores have undergone over time. Hofstede’s Value Survey Module 2013 (VSM, 2013) has been applied to examine the six dimensions of culture; power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence. The survey data (N = 387) was collected in the two largest private hospitals in Albania. Globalization, technological developments, economical flourishing and crisis, war and peace, influence the shifting of national cultural dimensions’ scores toward negative or positive values (Hofstede et al. 2010). In this study we aim to show the shifting of Albanian culture value scores in time, and compare the results with the ones predicted by the researchers of the field. The results obtained show a negative shift on Albanian culture dimension score of power distance, individualism, long term orientation and indulgence, and a positive shift on masculinity and uncertainty avoidance values. Implications for researchers of the field are discussed in the paper.
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Chowdhury, Fairuz, and Melita Mehjabeen. "The Impact of Culture on Impulse Buying Behavior in Bangladesh." GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 6, no. 1 (2021): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2021.6.1(8).
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Objective: The primary aim of the paper is to investigate the impact of culture on impulse buying behavior for an emerging nation, Bangladesh. Methodology: After conducting a detailed literature review, a questionnaire survey was developed. Using a non-probabilistic snowball sampling, a sample size of 351 was attained. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to understand the six cultural dimensions of Hofstede’s model and impulse purchasing behavior, and OLS multiple regression was performed to test the association of the dimensions of culture with impulse buying behavior. Findings: The results indicate that there is a significant positive relationship between masculinity and impulse buying behavior. Surprisingly, the results suggest that the other five cultural dimensions do not have any significant association with impulse buying behavior, implying that these specific cultural constructs do not influence consumers' impulse buying behavior in Bangladesh. Novelty: Typically, academic research has focused on the individualism/collectivism or power distance dimensions at the cultural level primarily on the developed countries’ context, therefore, calling for further research including several dimensions of Hofstede's cultural model. The novelty of the paper lies in its consideration of including all six dimensions of Hofstede’s model in the context of an emerging nation. Type of Paper: Empirical. JEL Classification: M31, M39. Keywords: Impulse Buying Behavior; Culture; Emerging Economy; Bangladesh; Hofstede Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Chowdhury, F; Mehjabeen, M. (2021). The Impact of Culture on Impulse Buying Behavior in Bangladesh, Journal of Management and Marketing Review, 6(1) 73 – 85. https://doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2021.6.1(8)
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Stoitsova, Tolya. "Gerard Hofstede and His System for Measurement of Cultural and Organizational Differences." Yearbook of Department Mass Communications 1 (October 7, 2020): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33919/ydmc.19.1.2.
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The article offers a brief introduction to a great contemporary scientist – Professor Gerard Hofstede. Three reasons are underlined in connection with the question why Bulgarian researchers, some of them from NBU, are proud to have contributed to the development and implementation of its model for understanding intercultural differences and those in different organizations. The six Hofstede’s dimensions are discussed theoretically. These are: Power Distance; Individualism Versus Collectivism; Masculinity Versus Femininity; Uncertainty Avoidance; Long- and Short-Term Oriented National Cultures; and Indulgence Versus Restraint. Empirical results for Bulgarian culture are presented along with comparisons between Bulgaria and some other cultures using the principle of similarities and differences.
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Yoo, Ji Seon, and Ye Ji Lee. "National Culture and Tax Avoidance of Multinational Corporations." Sustainability 11, no. 24 (2019): 6946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11246946.
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This study tests the role of national culture in tax avoidance by multinational corporations (MNCs). Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions are used to measure cultural differences across countries: uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity, and power distance. The empirical results of the study imply that MNCs headquartered in countries with low uncertainty avoidance, low individualism, high masculinity, and low power distance engage in a higher level of tax avoidance than MNCs in countries with high uncertainty avoidance, high individualism, low masculinity, and high power distance. In addition, the cultural features of the parent company generally have a stronger influence on group-level tax avoidance than those of its subsidiaries. This study contributes to the literature by presenting empirical evidence of culture as a determinant of tax avoidance by MNCs.
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Khlif, Hichem. "Hofstede’s cultural dimensions in accounting research: a review." Meditari Accountancy Research 24, no. 4 (2016): 545–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-02-2016-0041.
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Purpose This paper aims to review the use of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions in accounting research over the period 1995-2015. Design/methodology/approach The author combines electronic and manual searches to identify relevant studies using key words like “national culture” or “Hofstede’s cultural dimensions” and “accounting” or “auditing” or “taxation”. The search yields a total number of 35 published studies. For each reviewed stream of research, the author presents its theoretical underpinning and summarises its main results. Findings The paper identifies four main accounting research topics being reporting policy, auditing, taxation and miscellaneous accounting. These studies use three main methodologies including empirical, experiment and meta-analysis. The review reveals that individualism is positively related to corporate reporting policy, while it is associated with low levels of tax evasion. High levels of masculinity are generally associated with low disclosure environments and aggressive accounting manipulations. Finally, long-term orientation has been examined with respect to social environmental disclosure, and findings are supportive of a positive association between both variables. Originality/value This literature review represents a historical record, an introduction and a guidance for researchers who aim to examine whether Hofstede’s cultural dimensions may be useful in explaining other accounting phenomena. It also presents the main criticisms addressed to Hofstede’s framework. Finally, it conducts a critical analysis for reviewed studies and highlights their reductionist approach in explaining accounting phenomena and methodological weaknesses.
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Diamastuti, Erlina, Tyas Ajeng Nastiti, and Marisya Mahdia Khoirina. "The influence of hofstede’s cultural dimensions on corporate social responsibility implementation: a study on state-owned companies in Java, Indonesia." Indonesian Accounting Review 10, no. 2 (2020): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.14414/tiar.v10i2.1843.
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This study aims to examine the influence of Hofstede’s cultural dimension on the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility at State-Owned Companies in Java, Indonesia. The data were analysed using multiple linear regression analysis with the sample consisting of 100 employees at 50 state-owned company in Java, Indonesia taken by using a purposive sampling method and the return rate of the questionnaire is 62%. The results indicate that the five dimensions of Hofstede’s culture only Power Distance and Individualism/ Collectivism have a positive and significant effect on the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility by State-Owned Companies in Indonesia, while Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity/ Femininity and Long-term/ Short-term Orientation have a negative but not significant effect on the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility. The results also indicate that not all of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions affect the implementation of corporate social responsibility to state-owned companies in Java, Indonesia. This research is expected to provide benefits for researchers and the community that culture is one of the factors that can be considered as a component that can influence the implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility.
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Kim, Sangmook. "National culture and public service motivation: investigating the relationship using Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions." International Review of Administrative Sciences 83, no. 1_suppl (2016): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020852315596214.
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Much research has focused on finding and explaining the antecedents, correlates, and outcomes of public service motivation (PSM), but little is known about the influence of national context on individuals’ PSM. Previous research suggests that national culture may exert an independent influence on individuals’ PSM. This article examines PSM as an individual-level variable that is related to national culture, which is represented by Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme (2005), I investigate the relationship between cultural dimensions and individuals’ PSM. This article demonstrates that masculinity and indulgence are positively related to individuals’ PSM, whereas individualism is negatively associated with individuals’ PSM. However, power distance and uncertainty avoidance have a non-significant relationship with PSM. This article provides partial support for the thesis that national culture is associated with individuals’ PSM, but future research is required to explicate the relationship of cultural characteristics to individuals’ PSM. Points for practitioners Culture influences certain types of behavior both directly and indirectly. The article suggests that cultural tendencies such as masculinity, indulgence, and collectivism have a significant positive influence on individuals’ PSM. Organizational education and socialization enhancing these cultural values are likely to foster employees’ PSM.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hofstede’s masculinity"
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Schultheiss, Rakel, and Nicolas Philipp Kalmer. "Self-disclosure on Facebook : Social Network Site privacy and personal information disclosure of Germans and Norwegians - A cross-cultural comparison." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76235.
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Social Network Site (SNS) users’ disclosed personal information is beneficial for marketers, as targeted advertising can be provided accordingly. This study identifies the three privacy concepts of concerns, attitudes and intentions, along with culture (i.e. Hofstede’s masculinity) to be key drivers of users’ self-disclosure on SNSs. Hence, this study evaluates these antecedents and their potential effect on self-disclosure, considering Facebook as the SNS of choice. To account for potential cross-cultural differences, data has been gathered via two online questionnaires, resulting in one German and one Norwegian sample of respondents. Multiple regression analyses were carried to evaluate the antecedents of self-disclosure and one-way ANOVA to examine potential differences amongst Germans and Norwegians. Results indicate that privacy intention is the strongest predictor of self-disclosure on SNSs; whereas privacy concerns and attitudes only reveal an indirect effect on self-disclosure. In addition, significant differences have been found for all of the constructs, indicating that there exist fundamental differences between Germans and Norwegians with regards to their cognitive processing behind personal information disclosure on SNSs.
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Marques, Vânia Sofia Dias. "Estereótipos e definições de género em oposição a Hofstede." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19809.
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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial<br>É importante que haja uma atenção detalhada na análise cultural de um país ou região onde se pretende investir, mas esta é difícil de definir e medir. Dois dos modelos mais usados, são o projeto GLOBE de Javidian e House e as dimensões de Hofstede. Apesar do seu método ser criticado por vários autores, devido a problemas de enviesamento amostral e errada aplicação de conceitos, Hofstede é o nome principal na análise de mercados estrangeiros. De entre as seis dimensões, destaco a dimensão masculinidade versus feminilidade, vítima de várias críticas a nível conceptual. Desta dimensão surgiram três questões centrais de investigação: será que a sociedade atual corresponde às definições impostas por Hofstede na sua dimensão masculinidade versus feminilidade; será que existe uma correlação entre os vários pressupostos de género, para que estes sejam agrupados no mesmo conceito; por último, qual é a opinião atual dos participantes deste estudo sobre a associação de características psicológicas ao sexo biológico.
Para responder a estas questões foi efetuada a aplicação e análise de questionários. Estes eram compostos por três partes: (parte 1) replicaram-se quatro perguntas do Values Survey Module; (parte 2) algumas perguntas de autocaracterizarão; e, por fim, sete perguntas de opinião sobre papeis de género (parte 3).
Os resultados apresentados indicam uma globalização da sociedade num sentido mais igualitário, e que o sexo parece ser um fator mínimo face à caraterização psicológica de um indivíduo. Deste modo, este trabalho mostrou uma maior homogeneidade em comparação com os estudos anteriores que definiram estas dimensões.<br>It is important that detailed attention is given when analyzing the culture of a country or region, where we are about to invest in, but this can be difficult to define and measure. Two of the most widely used are Javidian and House's GLOBE project and Hofstede's dimensions. Despite having his method criticized by several authors due to problems of sample bias and misapplication of concepts, Hofstede is the main name in foreign market analysis. Among the six dimensions stands out masculinity versus femininity, victim of various criticisms in terms of concepts. From this dimension, three main research questions arose: does the current society correspond to the definitions imposed by Hofstede in its dimension masculinity versus femininity; is there a correlation between the various gender related assumptions, in order to grouped them in the same concept; and last but not least, what is the participants' current opinion on the association of psychological characteristics with biological sex.
Behind these research questions was the application and analysis of questionnaires. These consisted on three parts: (first part) four questions were answered from the Values Survey Module; (second part) followed by self-characterizing questions; and finally, with seven opinion questions about gender roles (third part). The results presented show a globalization of society in a more egalitarian way, and how an individual's gender seems a minimal factor when regarding their psychological characteristics. Hence, this project showed higher homogeneity compared to the previous studies that defined these dimensions.<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Koci, Dylberina, and Amanda Sidark. ""How convenience, employees and servicescape, influenced by cultural differences, affect customer experience in banks" : a cross-cultural study comparing Sweden and the United States." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-12791.
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The importance of customer experience in the banking sector is steadily increasing due to product similarity, competition and the global expansion. Additionally, in the twenty-first century, the focus has shifted from a service-based to an experience-based economy where senses, feelings, impressions, perceptions and emotional connections have become central. The global expansion in the banking sector has created a need for cross-cultural studies of customer experience, because of the increase of success when the service delivery is in tune with the cultural differences of customers. Despite the scarcity of cross-cultural studies, the few existing studies have shown significant results. The purpose of this study is hence to compare the perceived customer experience in the banking sector in Sweden and the United States. These two countries are culturally different on the masculinity versus femininity dimension explained by Hofstede in the universally acknowledged study on cross-cultural dimensions. The study has a positivistic, deductive, cross-sectional approach. A questionnaire survey is used based on the three most critical factors affecting customer experience: convenience, employees and servicescape. The findings are significant, showing how culture is affecting customer experience. Swedish respondents have a more positive perception of the total customer experience despite scoring lower on the critical factors than their American counterparts. This can be linked to the high degree of femininity in Sweden, meaning that Swedish customers are putting emphasis on balance, care for others and the quality of life, rather than being materialistic, goal-oriented and competitive. The original value of this dissertation is a better understanding of the impact of cultural differences in customer experience in banks in two culturally different countries: Sweden and the United States.
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Veerla, Veena, and Maanasa Subrahmanyam. "Influence of cultural dimensions on Agile team behavioral characteristics." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2450.
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Context: Agile methodologies are widely recognized in western countries. From past few years, its practices are being successfully adopted in global settings especially in eastern countries. Across the world, teams are following its values and principles. Are all the teams behaving in the same way? Potential difficulties related to culture arise while implementing agile practices. Due to variance in backgrounds and behaviors, social cliques and issues are likely to be formed between the team mates which become a hurdle. Objectives: The study unravels the list of relationships between the agile team behavioral characteristics and Hofstede cultural dimensions. It also explores whether Indian employees working in an agile environment possess the required behavioral characteristics which are useful for the effective functioning of a team. The other objective of this study reveals the influence of the years of experience of the agile employees on behavioral characteristics. Methods: Data collection processes include a literature review and a web survey. First, in the literature review analysis of the empirical studies from year 1999-2011 was done. The review approach helped in collecting and summarizing the data. The studies were identified from the most reliable and authentic databases that are scientifically and technically peer reviewed such as Engineering village, IEEE Xplore, ACM digital library, Springer Link and Google Scholar. A survey was conducted with 33 practitioners from various multinational organizations in India. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Hofstede’s cultural dimensions had noticeable influence on agile team behavioral characteristics. Although, all the enabler characteristics were not seen in Indian culture, the results clearly show that some of the cultural dimensions are enabling factors to function well in an agile team and some hinder the team effectiveness. The result from the literature review shows the list of relationships between Hofstede cultural dimensions and agile team behavioral characteristics. All team behavioral characteristics were to a certain extent demonstrated by Indian agile employees, which can be known from the survey results. It is also seen from the survey results that, team behavioral characteristics can be demonstrated more effectively by the experienced agile employees. Conclusion: From this study, we have found the relationships between Hofstede cultural dimensions and agile team behavioral characteristics. List of agile team behavioral characteristics which were followed by Indian agile employees were obtained from the survey. We conclude that Indian agile employees were able to demonstrate all the agile team behavior characteristics required for an effective functioning of a team. One more interesting thing which came into our attention, after analyzing the survey was that years of experience of agile employees do have an effect on the employees which influences the demonstration of team behavior characteristics. It was clear that demonstration of these characteristics were not only dependent on individual’s nature but also on the years of experience in agile environment. The absence of relationships which were not found through literature needs to be focused. Hence we conclude that there is a need for conducting even more in-depth surveys and reviews to investigate the unfound relationships.
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Wahler, Gloria. "The relationship of cultural values to coping styles, perceived stress, and emotional well-being of master’s level business students at a European University." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/26960.
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The study examined the relationships between coping strategies, emotional well-being and
perceived stress under the aspect of cultural values among 226 university students. Participants
completed questionnaires relating to their cultural values, emotional well-being, perceived
stress, and their coping strategies. The main objective was to explore the effect of a potential
mediating effect of coping styles on cultural values and well-being. It was found that cultural
values had a significant effect on an individual’s preferred coping style and well-being, while
coping also showed to correlate with well-being. Especially long-term orientation showed to be
the strongest predictor for both coping styles and well-being. No mediating effect of coping on
cultural values and well-being using a mediation analysis could be found. Additionally, it was
examined whether the results for participants from Germanic European countries significantly
differed from participants of Latin European origin in regard to well-being, coping styles and
cultural values. It was found that uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation and task-oriented
coping differed among the two groups. Based on the study’s findings, it is suggested to
implement self-discipline interventions and/or tools to help students cope with stress.<br>Este estudo examinou as relações entre estratégias de enfrentamento, bem-estar emocional e
stresse percebido sob o aspeto de valores culturais entre 226 estudantes universitários. Os
participantes completaram questionários referente aos seus valores culturais, bem-estar
emocional e as suas estratégias de enfrentamento. O principal objetivo era explorar o efeito de
um potencial efeito mediador de estilos de enfrentamento em valores culturais e bem-estar.
Verificou-se que valores culturais tinham um efeito significativo no estilo preferencial de
enfrentamento individual e de bem-estar, enquanto que o enfrentamento também demonstrou
estar correlacionado com o bem-estar. Especialmente, a orientação a longo prazo demonstrou
ser o preditor mais forte tanto para estilos de enfrentamento como para o bem-estar. Não foi
encontrado nenhum efeito mediador de estilos de enfrentamento em valores culturais e bemestar
utilizando uma análise de mediação. Adicionalmente, foi examinado se os resultados de
participantes de países europeus germânicos se diferenciaram significativamente de
participantes dos países europeus de origem latina no que se refere a bem-estar, estilos de
enfrentamento e valores culturais. Constatou-se que a evitação de incerteza, a orientação de
longo prazo e o enfrentamento orientado às tarefas diferenciaram-se entre os dois grupos. Com
base nos resultados deste estudo, sugere-se a implementação de intervenções de autodisciplina
e/ou ferramentas que ajudem o estudante a lidar com stresse.
Books on the topic "Hofstede’s masculinity"
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Beattie, Sandra E. [Hofstede's masculinity/femininity dimension in relation to culture and its effects on international marketing communications]. The Author), 2002.
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Hayes, Katherine. Hofstede revisted: A survey of the cultural dimensions : individualism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity/feminity,power distance. University College Dublin, 1992.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Hofstede’s masculinity"
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Al Omoush, Khaled Saleh, Raed Musbah Alqirem, and Amin A. Shaqrah. "The Driving Internal Beliefs of Household Internet Adoption among Jordanians and the Role of Cultural Values." In Technology Diffusion and Adoption. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2791-8.ch009.
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The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a comprehensive model for the determinants of household Internet adoption through identifying the driving internal beliefs of individuals and the effect of cultural values on behavioral intention to adopt the household Internet among Jordanians. Given the widely recognized effect of cultural values on adoption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), this study, applying Hofstede’s multidimensional framework, investigated the effect of cultural values on the behavioral intention to household Internet adoption in micro level. The empirical examination of the research model indicated that the behavioral intention to household Internet adoption is determined directly by five internal beliefs, including perceived needs, perceived risks, perceived ease of use, perceived resources, and perceived image. The results provide supporting empirical evidence linking most of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions to behavioral intention to household Internet adoption. With the exception of power distance, the results showed that collectivism (low individualism), masculinity, long-term orientation, and uncertainty avoidance had significant effects on the behavioral intention to household Internet adoption. The results demonstrated differences in the driving forces and cultural impact on Internet adoption between households and organizations settings.
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Cowden, Birton J., and Morris Kalliny. "The Role of Culture in Developing Disruptive Innovation in Domestic Firms." In Cultural and Technological Influences on Global Business. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3966-9.ch014.
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National culture influences how people perceive the world, and subsequently, what actions they take. Research has shown that this also follows in the actions taken by firms that reside in those national cultures. The actions identified in this paper look at domestic firms’ pursuit of disruptive innovation. Disruptive innovations are unique types of innovation that require different thinking from the firm. We discuss the two ways a firm can pursue disruption and how culture might affect that pursuit. Specifically, Hofstede’s (1980) five cultural dimensions of uncertainty avoidance, power distance, long-term orientation, individualism, and masculinity will provide a guiding light on the values needed for a firm to develop disruptive innovations. Additionally, it will be further argued of the coexistence of disruptive business models and the opportunities of the bottom of the pyramid markets.
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Dantas, José Guilherme Leitão, António Moreira, and Fernando Manuel Valente. "Entrepreneurship and National Culture." In Advances in Human Resources Management and Organizational Development. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8216-0.ch001.
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The direct relationship between national cultural practice and entrepreneurship activities is analyzed in this chapter, based on the analysis of 44 countries. Datasets from 2012 and 2013 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) report are used to characterize three types of entrepreneurship: early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA); necessity-driven entrepreneurship (NDE) and opportunity-driven (ODE) entrepreneurship. Data sets on national cultural values are used to analyze five dimensions of Hofstede's work on cultural values (power distance, individualism/collectivism, masculinity/femininity, long/short term orientation, and uncertainty avoidance). For that, the authors use the Values Survey Module 2013, which has been adapted from Hofstede's previous work from 2010 and 2008. The main conclusion is that the three types of entrepreneurship analyzed in this chapter are differently explained by the cultural and expanded models. If the country of origin and the type of economy are useful to explain TEA, they are of no added value to explain necessity-driven or opportunity-driven entrepreneurship.
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Zgheib, Philippe W. "Cooperative Entrepreneurship in the Middle East." In Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation in the Middle East. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2066-5.ch002.
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Socio-cultural characteristics as defined by Hofstede lay out the basis for understanding entrepreneurial characteristics within a given society. Masculinity, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance are related to competitive behavior, then cooperative versus competitive dilemmas are analyzed in the cultural setting of Middle Eastern entrepreneurial activity. The purpose is to prove that a relationship exists between culture, and entrepreneurial attitudes. Among Middle Eastern countries, Lebanon is found to go against generally acceptable relationships between cooperation and entrepreneurial autonomy. Furthermore, risk avoidance in Lebanon presents a major discrepancy factor with entrepreneurial culture in general.
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Anderson, Mark A. "Assessing the Correlation of Culture With Business Ethics of Company Managers in the United States and Mexico." In Ethical Standards and Practice in International Relations. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2650-6.ch004.
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Observable harm has been inflicted upon business by unethical decisions and misconduct. Much of this phenomenon can be traced to impoverished ethical attitudes. Among the various reasons for this problem is that of a manager's culture, which has a distinct influence on attitudes and behaviors. The purpose of this chapter was to determine, through empirical data, whether differences rooted in culture significantly contribute to differences in ethical attitudes. Management scholar Geert Hofstede's classification of cultural elements for understanding and explaining aspects of national culture was correlated with the ethical attitudes of business managers in the two national cultures of the United States and Mexico. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between national culture and ethical attitudes and the dultural dimensions of uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, and long-term orientation. A significant difference in ethical attitudes between managers from the United States and Mexico was also found.
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"Defining Mass Shootings." In Examining Gun Regulations, Warning Behaviors, and Policies to Prevent Mass Shootings. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3916-3.ch001.
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This chapter interrogates public understandings of mass shootings. First of all, gun violence statistics for the United States are compared with those in other developed countries. The varying definitions and trends of mass shooting are shown to be problematic in trying to gain an accurate understanding of the phenomenon. Discussed is the history of mass shootings in the United States from “going postal” attacks occurring in post offices and workplace massacres through to school shootings and mass shootings in public places. Possible reasons why the United States has the highest number of mass shootings are deliberated. Hofstede's often-quoted cultural model is used to discuss two national characteristics: high levels of individualism and low power distance between social groups. Other factors highlighted relate to Harding, Fox, and Mehta's model about influencers of school shootings, as well as notions of extreme masculinity which are often expressed via misogynistic behavior.
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Çakmak, Veysel. "Reflection of the Cultural Values in Animation Stories Into Transmedia." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5357-1.ch008.
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Animations are an important communication tool that impacts the lives of people via mass media. The fundamental attraction in the animations comes from their stories. Animation stories in fact are fictional communication tools that reflect the cultural values of the societies. Cultural differences reveal themselves in various characteristics such as the characters of the stories, the places the story take place, the language being used, clothes, games, and songs. In this study, the cultural values of the animation stories in Turkey are analyzed and its transmedia aspect is discussed. Therefore, the animation produced in Turkey called Rafadan Tayfa was analyzed in terms of individualism-collectivism, power distance, masculinity-femininity, and uncertainty avoidance sub-dimensions of “cultural dimensions” by Hofstede. The same animation appeared before the viewers in different ways as a musical, book, movie, and play. In addition, it was determined that these works being produced were continuously broadcast on social media.
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Belkhamza, Zakariya. "Cultural Interpretation of E-Commerce Acceptance in Developing Countries." In Emerging Markets and E-Commerce in Developing Economies. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-100-1.ch009.
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Global deployment in information and communication technology requires understandings of the cultural constraints in technology acceptance and usage behavior. Prior research indicates that the salient technology acceptance models may not be applicable to all cultures since empirical support was mainly obtained from North America and developed countries. There has been little research done on technology acceptance and usage behavior in the context of developing countries which exhibit distinctive cultural differences from developed countries. The purpose of this study is to test the cross-cultural applicability of technology acceptance model in two developing countries, Malaysia and Algeria, and to investigate the influence of cultural values on the acceptance of e-commerce. The four cultural values of individualism/ collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity/femininity identified by Hofstede are posited to comparatively explain the e-commerce acceptance in the context of the two countries. Only uncertainty avoidance was found to moderate the relationship between perceived usefulness and intention to use e-commerce, whereas the other three national culture dimensions did not moderate the relationship, which validate the longstanding notion of important cultural differences between Malaysia and Algeria and show that those differences extend to the e-commerce context.
Conference papers on the topic "Hofstede’s masculinity"
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DeLorenzo, Gary, Frederick Kohun, Vladimir Burcik, Alzbeta Belanova, and Robert Skovira. "A Data Driven Conceptual Analysis of Globalization — Cultural Affects and Hofstedian Organizational Frames: The Slovak Republic Example." In InSITE 2009: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3343.
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It has been argued that culture effects how individuals implement, understand, live, and do business within a defined political, organizational, and ethnic environment. This essay presents a context for analyzing possible cultural shifts based on Hofstede and Hofstede’s conception that a society’s culture constituted in and presented in individuals’ views and routines determines an identifiable cultural profile. In particular, Hofstede’s indices on Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Masculinity and Individuality are applied to two populations—one a United States university population and the other from a Slovak Republic university. The overall purpose is to determine if Hofstede’s orginal research findings are the same today in an era of the internet, globalization, and economic change.
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Tören, Özlem, and Evrim Tören. "Examination of Hofstede’s Masculinity-Femininity Dimension in Four Politicians’ Speeches at G20 Summit in 2018." In 7th International Conference on Gender Studies: Gender, Space, Place & Culture. Eastern Mediterranean University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33831/gspc19/350-365/23.
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Turunç, Ömer. "The Role of Culture in the Relationship between Leader Support and Innovative Behaviors: A research in Tourism Sector." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. VGTU Technika, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibme.2015.15.
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This cultural research aims to investigate the direct effects of leader support on employees' innovative behaviors and the moderating effect of Hofstede’s culture dimensions (collectivism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance and power distance) in the relation between leader support and employees' innovative behaviors. The hypotheses are tested using the data collected from a sample of 396 employees in tourism sector in Antalya, Turkey. The results demonstrate that leader support significantly improves employees' innovative behaviors in this sector. Besides, some culture dimensions have moderating roles on the association between leader support and employees' innovative behaviors. Findings indicate that the moderating role of culture varies from dimension to dimension.
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Stojanovska, Slagjana, and Kristina Velichkovska. "COMMUNICATION DIFFERENCES AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.s.p.2020.85.
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This paper aims to examine the challenges of cross-cultural communication in multicultural teams and the resolution of conflicts arising during that process of communication. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on individuals coming from various cultural backgrounds to determine how cultural differences affect the organizational communication styles, their perception of conflict situations and the choice of conflict resolution procedures. The study is underpinned by a literature review of cross-cultural communication and theories on culture, conflict resolution and multicultural team dynamics. Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory will be used to define the cultural differences using four dimensions: power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, and masculinity vs femininity. The outcome of the study assesses the intercultural communication competence of employees in North Macedonia and gives recommendations on how to improve communication and avoid conflicts that plague multicultural teams.
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Al Majzoub, Khaled, and Vida Davidavičienė. "Development of ICT: conceptual comparative analysis of consumer behavior in Europe and Asia." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.090.
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Today’s society is becoming the information and communication technology societies, where ICT is responsible for the creation, distribution, and manipulation of information in every aspect of society (Xiang, Magnini, & Fesenmaier, 2015). The following article will present a comparative analysis of one aspect of consumer changes caused by ICT, which is e-commerce between Europe and Asia, using Hofstede’s culture dimensions (Power distance, individualism, masculinity and uncertainty avoidance). Purpose – to provide a comparative analysis of consumer behavior changes caused by ICT between Europe and Asia. Research methodology – a synthesis of review of the literature. Findings – provide insight into the difference in consumer behavior changes caused by ICT, between Europe and Asia and provide the basis for future researches. Research limitations – future research should include empirical research and study of other solution and other factors that affect consumer behavior. Practical implications – the practical implication of the article provide a framework for organizations to take into consideration, the difference in consumer behavior between countries when it is targeting their markets. Originality/Value – no comparative.
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Dhaundiyal, Dhriti, Rishi Chakravarty, and Anirudha N. Joshi. "Hofstede and Hobbitses: Generational Evolution of Power Distance and Masculinity in UK in Popular Literature." In IndiaHCI 2020: 11th Indian Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3429290.3429291.
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