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Crilley, Eilish, Iain Brownlee, and Margaret Anne Defeyter. "The Diet of Children Attending a Holiday Programme in the UK: Adherence to UK Food-Based Dietary Guidelines and School Food Standards." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 1 (December 22, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19010055.
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Child poverty rates are rising, particularly in London, putting more children at risk of experiencing food insecurity. Holiday programmes in the UK provide children who receive free schools meals during term time with access to free/low-cost holiday clubs offering nutritious food and enriching activities during the school holidays. This study aimed to investigate whether children’s dietary intake was more adherent to the UK Eatwell Guide throughout the day and meets School Food Standards (SFS) for the lunchtime meal on a club attendance versus a non-attendance day. A repeated measures design was used to assess data on the food and drink intake of children (n = 57) aged 7–16 years old using a 24 h recall method on two separate occasions: once based on an attending club day and once based on a non-attending club day. The results showed children’s diet quality improved (p = 0.007) on an attending club day (mean: 58.0 ± SD 12.6) versus a non-attending club day (51.8 ± 15.0). Children also more closely adhered to the SFS (p = 0.001) on an attending club day (median = 9, interquartile range = 8–9) versus a non-attending club day (median = 7, interquartile range = 6–8). This suggests that holiday programmes targeting children who receive free school meals during term time have the potential to improve children’s dietary behaviours during the school holidays, underlining the importance of holiday programmes to support food security.
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Clarke, Nick. "Mobility, fixity, agency: Australia's working holiday programme." Population, Space and Place 10, no. 5 (September 2004): 411–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/psp.347.
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Naudi, Theresa. "Global perspective Family support: a summer holiday programme for Maltese children." Palliative Medicine 16, no. 2 (March 2002): 159–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0269216302pm552xx.
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LINDEN, M., T. BÄR, and B. GEISELMANN. "Patient treatment insistence and medication craving in long-term low-dosage benzodiazepine prescriptions." Psychological Medicine 28, no. 3 (May 1998): 721–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291798006734.
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Background. Long-term low-dosage dependence on benzodiazepines is traditionally explained by withdrawal symptoms. Previous research has not given much attention to reports that suggest that many patients oppose stopping benzodiazepines long before withdrawal symptoms have developed. This study investigates the scope of and factors associated with this pre-withdrawal treatment insistence.Methods. Patients receiving long-term low-dosage benzodiazepines in primary care were asked to take a drug-holiday of at least 3 weeks. Sociodemographic, medication, morbidity and attitudinal variables were assessed in addition to the GPs' perceptions of their patients.Results. Two-thirds of the patients rejected the drug-holiday proposal. Patients who refused a drug-holiday were less educated and were using a higher percentage of long-acting benzodiazepines than patients who accepted the drug-holiday proposal. Those who refused were seen by their GPs as being more complaining, harder to satisfy and less co-operative.Conclusions. These results provide evidence for drug-seeking or craving behaviour of patients who receive low-dosage benzodiazepine prescriptions. A major problem in benzodiazepine withdrawal occurs before the withdrawal programme has even begun. These data show that benzodiazepine low-dosage dependence should be considered a real form of dependence.
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Reilly, Alexander. "Low-cost labour or cultural exchange? Reforming the Working Holiday visa programme." Economic and Labour Relations Review 26, no. 3 (August 7, 2015): 474–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035304615598160.
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Furnham, Adrian, Eddie Proctor, and Barrie Gunter. "Memory for Material Presented in the Media: The Superiority of Written Communication." Psychological Reports 63, no. 3 (December 1988): 935–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.3.935.
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The superiority of written communication presented in the print (about 500 words) modality was tested by showing a television holiday programme to 63 subjects in its original audiovisual modality (narrative plus film), in auditory only (narrative soundtrack minus film), or print (written transcript of soundtrack). Immediately after presentation recall was best from the written communication in the print modality.
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Jong, Miek C., Eric Mulder, Agnete E. Kristoffersen, Trine Stub, Heléne Dahlqvist, Eija Viitasara, E. Anne Lown, Winnie Schats, and Mats Jong. "Protocol of a mixed-method randomised controlled pilot study evaluating a wilderness programme for adolescent and young adult cancer survivors: the WAYA study." BMJ Open 12, no. 5 (May 2022): e061502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061502.
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IntroductionThe majority of childhood, adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors suffer from long-term and late effects such as fatigue, psychological distress or comorbid diseases. Effective health promotion strategies are needed to support the health of this vulnerable group. This protocol provides a methodological description of a study that aims to examine the feasibility and safety of performing a randomised clinical trial (RCT) on a wilderness programme that is developed to support the health of AYA cancer survivors.Methods and analysisThe pilot RCT study has a mixed-method design, including quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Participants are AYAs, aged 16–39 years, that have been diagnosed with cancer during childhood, adolescence or young adulthood. A total of 40 participants will be randomly assigned to a wilderness programme (n=20) or a holiday programme (n=20). Both arms include participation in an 8-day summer programme, followed by a 4-day programme 3 months later. Primary outcomes are feasibility and safety parameters such as time to recruitment, willingness to be randomised, programme adherence and adverse effects. Secondary outcomes include self-reported health such as self-esteem, quality of life, self-efficacy and lived experiences. Descriptive statistics will be used to analyse outcomes and explore indications of differences between the programmes. Interviews are analysed by directed content analysis and hermeneutic phenomenology. A convergent parallel mixed-method analysis design will be applied to integrate quantitative and qualitative data. Results of this feasibility study will inform the preparation for a larger RCT with AYA cancer survivors.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol is approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (reference: 2020-00239). This study will be performed between January 2021 and December 2023. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed journals, presented at conferences and disseminated to participants, cancer societies, healthcare professionals and outdoor instructors.Trial registration numberNCT04761042.
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Round, Emily K., Jackie Shinwell, Paul B. Stretesky, and Margaret Anne Defeyter. "An Exploration of Nutritional Education within the Holiday Activities and Food Programme in England." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 4 (February 19, 2022): 2398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042398.
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Nutritional education is a recent, mandatory inclusion within the quality standards framework for the Holiday Activities and Food (HAF) programme in England; funded by the Department for Education (DfE). Whilst research has been conducted regarding nutritional education in other contexts, such as schools and community organisations, to the authors’ knowledge, no published research has yet explored nutritional education within HAF. The current study therefore aimed to explore the implementation, delivery, and perceived facilitators, barriers and impacts of nutritional education across a number of Local Authorities delivering HAF in England. Purposive sampling (n = 11) was used to recruit HAF leads involved in nutritional education, to participate in semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis showed that nutritional education is currently delivered through a variety of modes including face-to-face, online, and take-home methods, all of which require a range of considerations in terms of implementation, delivery, and associated impacts, with some holiday clubs offering no nutritional education. According to participating HAF leads, nutritional education was used as a mechanism to enhance children’s and parents’ cooking confidence and competence, to improve dietary intake, and to increase understanding of issues such as food sustainability, environmental impacts, and food provenance. Although there are many examples of innovative practice, the findings suggested that COVID guidelines proved challenging for providers to include nutritional education within HAF delivery during 2021. Further, whilst the quality standards framework for nutritional education provides flexibility in terms of implementation and delivery, specific guidance, and monitoring of provision is required to ensure quality assurance and consistency across the HAF programme.
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Verchenkova, Viktoriya V. "The Triumph of Freedom: A National Holiday in Honour of the Retaking of Toulon (1793)." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 4 (October 15, 2022): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v202.
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In December 1793, after the end of the siege of Toulon, which had been in the hands of the British and their allies for three months, a national holiday was declared throughout the French Republic. By that time, such holidays had been completely formed and become systematic as well as acquired their own symbols. Among the essential components were a crowd of spectators, a procession, dancing, music with songs, and a banquet. Since the victory won in Toulon was long-awaited, the events on this occasion had to be grandiose. The author studies the revolutionary festival and highlights its general and special features typical of the regions. Each department celebrated the holiday in its own way: some seized an opportunity to promote the Worship of Reason and de-Christianization, others praised the goddess of victory and the brave soldiers, still others turned it into a kind of a Catholic procession. Further, the article analyses the extensive festival programme in Paris, which was developed by artist Jacques-Louis David and playwright Marie-Joseph Chénier. In some places, however, the processions were spontaneous. Of interest are the “reconstructions” of the battles in Toulon, which were undertaken at some festivals, at which mannequins depicting kings and statesmen of the allies were also burnt. In addition, the author demonstrates how the creative community reacted to the retaking of Toulon: poems and hymns were written all over the country, plays and performances were staged, exposing the tyranny and meanness of the British, as well as the cowardice of the Toulonnais that had surrendered the city, and praising the valour of the Republican soldiers.
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Sturm, Roland, Deepak Patel, Elle Alexander, and Jithen Paramanund. "Seasonal cycles in food purchases and changes in BMI among South Africans participating in a health promotion programme." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 15 (May 12, 2016): 2838–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016000902.
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AbstractObjectiveImproving diet quality is a key factor for promoting population health. Social norms can support or undermine these efforts. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between seasonal variation in food purchases and BMI.DesignThe study population comprises members of a South African health promotion programme. Data come from scanner data of food purchases by 400 000 enrolled households at supermarkets and repeated individual surveys (about 500 000 participants) between 2009 and 2013.ResultsMembers in the health promotion programme spent 16·7 % of total food expenditure on nutritionally undesirable foods (sugar-sweetened beverages, candy, ice cream, etc.) and 24·7 % on healthy foods (fruit/vegetables, whole grains, non-fat dairy, etc.). Fruits and vegetables accounted for 13·5 % of purchases (half of all healthy food spending). Yet there were pronounced seasonal variations, with December being the peak month for unhealthy food purchases, which were 40 % higher than in January. This holiday peak was associated with short-term weight gain, but average body mass did not revert to pre-holiday levels. From 2009 to 2013, respondents gained about 0·13 BMI units per year (0·43 kg for men, 0·30 for women). From November to January alone, the increase was 0·1 BMI units for men (0·35 kg) and 0·8 BMI units for women (0·20 kg).ConclusionsPurchases of nutritionally undesirable foods peak in December and are accompanied by weight gain from November to January. Despite weight loss after January, the November to January weight gain accounts for 60–70 % of the annual gain.
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Van der Merwe, Hettie. "Managing acceptable academic outcomes in a context of multiple deprivation: Making do in a South African township school." Educational Management Administration & Leadership 48, no. 5 (June 27, 2019): 861–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741143219859000.
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This article explores the intervention strategy used by the staff and school management team of a South African township school to ensure that final-year learners exposed to an environment of multiple deprivation are adequately prepared for the year-end standardised examination. Analysis of the interview data confirms literature findings on the debilitating effect of multiple deprivation, in the form of absolute poverty, on learners’ chances of learning successfully. Research findings reveal strategies related to an intervention programme to prepare final-year learners for the year-end examination. The intervention programme, consisting of Saturday morning and school holiday morning classes and a study camp event a fortnight before the final examination commences, counteracts inhibiting home and environment conditions, to support learners holistically to achieve acceptable academic outcomes. However, the negative influence on learners’ diligence of extending their final school year over two years and the constraint on knowledge and skills attainment of a pass mark of only 30% for some subjects are adverse factors limiting the chances of social mobility for learners with multiple deprivation.
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Marin Olalla, M., B. Perez Ramirez, A. M. Vidal Lopez, B. Martinez Martinez, and R. Maldonado Lozano. "Borderline Personality Programme in a Rural Area: The Value of a Therapy." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1278.
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IntroductionAn increased incidence of personality disorders (TP) in general, and borderline personality (BP) is currently a significant health problem because of the complexity of the clinic, the difficulty for early diagnosis, often unsatisfactory response to available treatments and the lack of clear proposals on multidisciplinary therapeutic interventions. In more serious cases, people with TP generate a high level of self and family suffering, as well as a high care burden that does not have a proportional impact on the quality of life of those affected and their families.AimEstablish a stable functional organization of professional and organizational resources of the Mental Health Unit of the North of Almeria that ensuring comprehensive care for people with borderline personality disorder and their families.MethodsThe program was structured:– elemental: BP census, individual sessions with optional nurse reference;– advanced individual: BP census, individual sessions, Nurse reference;– advanced individual and group: BP census, Individual sessions, Nurse reference and Therapeutic Group Hospital Mental Health Day weekly applying dialectical behaviour therapy.ResultsThe census of patients with borderline personality disorder was established in 30 people, 20 of them participating in two editions of therapeutic group. Fifty weekly sessions were carried out continuously, except holiday periods. A multidisciplinary team (nurse and two psychiatrists) were involved. The results indicate that there was an improvement in the quality of life of patients. It had been reduced hospitalisations, emergency assistance, and more than 60% of them got a job after that.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Puciato, Daniel, Teresa Słaby, Bolesław Goranczewski, and Agnieszka Gawlik. "Conditions of Business and Holiday Hotels Location. Dolnośląskie, Opolskie and Śląskie Voivodships Case Studies." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 15, no. 1 (May 25, 2017): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.452.
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From the economic point of view the choice of a hotel location is the most important decision for an investor, made at the pre-investment stage of a business project. An attractive building location and a service programme appropriately matched to it determine the profitability level and as a result the development prospects of the hotel. An attempt to determine the most important factors of the location of newly built business and holiday hotels is the aim of the paper as well as the use of documentary and statistical methods in the empirical domain. The spatial scope of the survey comprised Dolnośląskie Voivodship, Opolskie Voivodship and Śląskie Voivodship, while the time covered the years 2000–2009. The analysis of the survey results have shown that the most important factors for business hotel locations comprised transportation access, investment incentives of a planning-administration nature, the supply of tourist services, the level of economic development, the degree of economy internationalization as well as availability of investment areas. In addition, in the analyzed group of holiday hotels the tourist (natural) values, access to skilled hotel staff, investment incentives (of a planning-administration nature), an increase in competition in the hotel sector as well as the supply of tourist services turned out to be statistically significant location factors. After the survey, numerous leads appeared, which in the authors’ opinion should become the subject of further consideration of issues related to hotel location selection conditions.
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Bodur, Mahmut, Edanur Topal, Merve Ateş, and Ayşe Özfer Özcelik. "Preliminary Results of the Comparison of Social Jetlag, Sleep Hygiene and Diet Quality of Obese and Nonobese Young Adults." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac055.003.
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Abstract Objectives This study aimed to compare social jetlag exposure, sleep hygiene, and diet quality in obese and nonobese young adults. Methods This study was conducted with obese and nonobese young adults. To determine the social jetlag, as more than 1h was accepted between the sleep midpoints between school days and holidays. The physical activity levels and sleep parameters were objectively followed for 5 days with an activity tracker on school days and holidays. The sleep hygiene scores were determined by the sleep hygiene index, 3-day 24-hour dietary recall were recorded on both days. The energy and macronutrient intakes during school and holidays were determined by the software, and diet quality scores were determined by Healthy Eating Index-2015(HEI-2015). Results This study includes the preliminary results of 70 individuals (22.06 ± 1.76 years) with an equal number of obese and nonobese individuals. While social jetlag was detected in 57.9% of obese individuals; 21.6% in nonobese individuals (p < 0.001). Obese individuals had more inadequate sleep hygiene status (38.47 ± 6.4 vs 24.92 ± 4.66, p < 0.001). While the difference between the sleep midpoints of obese individuals on school days and holidays were 1:27 ± 00:54 minutes; 00:49 ± 00:32 minutes in nonobese individuals (p < 0.001). Obese individuals had a shorter sleep duration on the school day (−0:42 ± 0:15 min, p < 0.001); on holidays, sleep durations were found to be similar (8:31 ± 1:49 vs 8:14 ± 1.05, p > 0.05). Obese individuals had higher energy intake both on holidays and on school days (school day 1649.4 ± 514 vs 1752.9 ± 467 kcal p < 0.05; holiday 1599.2 ± 406 vs 1867.2 kcal, p < 0.05). Obese individuals had higher saturated fat (25.3 ± 11.4 g vs 37.4 ± 12g, p < 0.05) and carbohydrate intake (177.2 ± 8.2 vs 212.2 ± 18.2 g, p < 0.05) on holidays. According to HEI-2015, obese individuals had lower diet quality on school days (63.6 ± 3.3 vs 69.4 ± 1.5 points, p < 0.05) and holidays (56.9 ± 3.4 vs 73.4 ± 1.5 points, p < 0.05). Conclusions As a result, decreased social jetlag exposure and increased sleep hygiene in obese individuals also help improving diet quality and thus may help controlling of body weight. It is necessary to conduct longitudinal studies and to identify vulnerable groups in terms of social jetlag exposure. Funding Sources This study was supported by the TUBITAK 2209-Research Project Support Programme for Undergraduate Students.
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Whittaker, Louise, and Hayley Pearson. "Dancing in the storm: finessing emergency remote teaching in the COVID-19 pandemic." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-06-2021-0200.
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Case overview The Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS), a South African based business school and one of the top ranked business schools in Africa, was yet again facing a crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Having emerged out of an extraordinary year of strict lockdown regulations and having managed a rapid shift to emergency remote teaching. GIBS had managed to maintain its academic programmes, ensuring the completion of the curriculum within the academic year whilst maintaining the exceptionally high standards and quality learning experience it was known for. As 2020 drew to a close, the academic programmes team and the students looked forward to starting the new year in a more “normal” mode of operation. GIBS closed for Christmas holiday with the intent on returning, in early 2021, in some form of face-to-face teaching. However, on the 27th of December 2020, the President of South Africa announced a return to level-3 lockdown as the second wave of infections swept through the country. Strict measures were once again enforced, significantly impacting GIBS’ possible return to campus in January 2021. Reflecting on the lessons learnt over the past year, the Executive Director: Academic Programmes, Professor Louise Whittaker, yet again faced the challenge of deciding how best to proceed given the circumstances. The case illustrates the need for effective change management through the application of Kotter’s 8 steps to transformation, whilst demonstrating the complexity of change management during a crisis. A particular focus on the importance of communication during a change management process in a crisis is illustrated through this case. Expected learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: students need to understand that in a crisis, change management will be emergent and requires flexibility and adaptability; students will determine what concrete actions may be required during a change management process in a crisis; students will need to discern that theoretical models do not necessarily fit real world contexts, particularly in a crisis situation; and students will identify aspects that might be missing or inadequately formulated in standard models of change management. Complexity academic level The case is positioned at a post-graduate level and would be ideal as a teaching case for business school students on a Master of Business Administration programme, a specialised business masters programme or selected executive education programmes for general managers or senior executives. The case can be taught in a course in the following fields, namely, change management, leadership or strategy. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.
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Shinwell, Jackie, Ellen Finlay, Caitlin Allen, and Margaret Anne Defeyter. "Holiday Club Programmes in Northern Ireland: The Voices of Children and Young People." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (February 2, 2021): 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031337.
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In Northern Ireland, nearly 30% of children are thought to be at risk of going hungry in the summer holidays when they are unable to access free school meals. Community groups, voluntary groups, local authorities, and faith groups have responded to this concern by developing and delivering holiday programmes that enable children from low-income families to take part in activities and access food. The current study used purposive sampling to investigate children’s and young people’s views of holiday provision, from across three holiday clubs, in Northern Ireland. Both primary school children (n = 34; aged 4–11) and secondary school children (n = 31; aged 12–17) showed high levels of awareness of poverty and food insecurity and associated pressures and stresses on households. Importantly, children and young people did not feel stigmatised about attending holiday provision, suggesting a positive and inclusive culture towards holiday club attendance. Children reported that they enjoyed the range of activities provided at holiday clubs and reported that attendance improved their self-confidence, especially for some older children, who acted as peer mentors to younger attendees, helped them to develop new skills, and provided them with opportunities to socialise with peers in a safe environment, out with their normal social groupings in school. Older children showed a high level of shrewdness and knowledge of sectarian divides in communities but spoke positively about how different religious or cultural backgrounds did not matter in terms of meeting and making new friends in holiday club settings. In terms of food provision, the findings of this study suggest that further work needs to be done to support children to access and eat healthy, nutritious food.
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Wiechetek, Łukasz, and Marek Mędrek. "Improving the university recruitment process with web analytics." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2022, no. 158 (2022): 679–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2022.158.44.
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Purpose: The main aim of the article is to know the information needs of candidates for university courses and indicate the importance of web analytics tools in the university recruitment process. The authors present the recruitment process for data science high study programme that was conducted in the middle of 2021 at one of the biggest universities in eastern Poland. Theoretical background: Digital transformation is an irreversible process today. Data produced by people, things, administration units and business organizations can be the source of valuable information. That transformation causes new possibilities for fast development, but also creates challenges for education processes and professional work. Furthermore, the digital transformation resulted in creating new professions like data science (DS). Because of data volume and its importance DS professionals became one of the most wanted specialists in the 21st century, and therefore many universities try to launch new study programs related to automated data processing and try to get the attention of potential students. Design/methodology/approach: The process was supported with analytics tools Hotjar and Google Analytics. The results presented in the paper base on the analysis of 974 pageviews recorded by Hotjar and activity of 824 page users reported by Google Analytics. Findings: The analysis showed that web analytics tools are very easy to use in the recruitment process, and that gathered data allows for better understanding of candidates' needs and improving the future requirement processes and tools. Results indicated that the most important topics for candidates were study programme and payment. Form the technical point of view the responsiveness of applications used for the recruitment process is crucial because a lot of traffic was generated by both users of desktop computers and mobile devices. The greatest interest in the program was recorded before the holiday months. Originality/value: The research contributes to academia in the field of recruitment. Paper presents the data science high study programme and indicates the importance of web analytics tools in the university recruitment process.
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Domonkos, Endre. "The Impacts Of The Great Depression 1929-33 On Hungary’s Economy." Multidiszciplináris kihívások, sokszínű válaszok, no. 1 (June 5, 2021): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33565/mksv.2021.01.01.
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The Great Depression of 1929-33 had serious consequences on Hungary’s economy. The Central and Eastern European countries, including Hungary were hit severely by the downturn of the wholesale prices as regards of agricultural products in international markets. Besides declining prices another major problem was that the industrialised countries introduced protectionist measures (customs duties and quotas). As a result of this process, market opportunities were constrained and later ceased to exist. The situation was further aggravated by the fact that the unfavourable gap between agrarian and industrial prices further widened in the 1920s. Although the crisis started to emerge in the agriculture, its effects were extended to the industry as well. Due to the lack of safe markets, heavy industrial branches declined sharply, whereas the volume of output fell modest in the light industry. The bankruptcy of the Austrian Credit Anstalt on 12th Mai 1931 adversely affected Hungary’s financial system. In order to overcome the difficulties, banking holiday was ordered by the government, which coupled with the suspension of all payments and the introduction of foreign exchange control. Foreign trade has changed significantly. In 1937, the share of Hungary’s export in Germany’s trade was 42 percent, which increased to more than 50 percent after the Anschluss. Thus, at the end of the 1930s, the Third Reich became the most important trade partner of Hungary. Thanks to favourable external conditions accompanied by the rearmament programme of Nazi Germany and state intervention, the performance of the Hungarian economy improved, and by 1937 it surpassed the pre-depression level. The Győr Programme, announced on 12th March 1938 with its military and infrastructural development contributed to the economic boom, which had positive impacts both in the heavy and light industrial branches.
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Wróblewska, Urszula, and Joanna Gołko. "“Children’s Week” as one of the activities of the Polish Childcare Committee in the Second Polish Republic." Biuletyn Historii Wychowania, no. 38 (October 11, 2019): 151–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/bhw.2018.38.10.
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The aim of this article is to discuss “the Children’s Week” event organised from 1926 by the Polish Childcare Committee, which was the prototype of today’s Children’s Day and Mother’s Day. This issue has not been the subject of scientific analysis. The aim, meaning and course of “the Children’s Week” in the Second Republic of Poland were analysed based on the interwar sources’ materials. This holiday was one of the social events organised by the Polish Childcare Committee, which, as a body of the Ministry of Labour and Social Care, was responsible for improving health and social conditions of children and teenagers. Therefore, it organised care units for mothers and children, published scientific papers, propagated tasks related to the care of children and teenagers, and organised and conducted exemplary care institutions. “The Children’s Week” was a social event, which aim was to make Poles more interested in the situation of children and teenagers. For seven days the importance of proper care of the youngest children in a rebuilding country was emphasised. Every day was devoted to education or upbringing issues as well as the functioning of schools and social centres. The Children’s Day was on the first day of the event, and the Mother’s Day on the last. “The Children’s Week” in the Second Republic of Poland proceeded in accordance with the programme prepared by the Polish Childcare Committee. Each Voivodeship office tailored the programme to their capabilities and regional conditions. Despite the criticism it attracted, “the Children’s Week” was an extremely important social event, which was supported by pedagogical authorities, among others, Janusz Korczak. Annually, the public attention was focused on childcarerelated issues for seven days. This event was in line with the European trends at that time, in which children’s rights and freedoms were gaining more and more supporters.
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V, Sivakami, Ankathi Raghu, and Raja P. "THE BLUE FLAG PROGRAMME AND DESTINATION IMAGE: A STUDY ON EDEN BEACH, PUDUCHERRY, INDIA." SOCIETY. TECHNOLOGY. SOLUTIONS. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (April 8, 2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35363/via.sts.2022.75.
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INTRODUCTION
Beach tourism offers enormous economic benefits to local communities and also causes many environmental and social impacts on the coastal environment. Many people choose to take a holiday at a beach destination because they want to relax, escape and participate in beachfront recreation (Lucrezi and Vander Walt, 2016). India, with a coastline of 7516.6 km (Centre for coastal zone management and coastal shelter belt, 2017), has a wide variety of beaches on its shoreline that offer recreational activities to tourists. Foundation for Environment Education in Denmark (FEE) has awarded Blue Flag Certification to two new beaches in the year of 2021, namely Kovalam in Tamil Nadu and Eden beach in Puducherry, India. A Blue Flag beach is an eco-tourism model that aims to offer tourists clean and sanitary bathing water, facilities/amenities, and a safe and healthy environment while providing sustainable development to the local community. Around the globe, only 47 countries have achieved this blue flag certification for its beaches.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The researchers have studied the destination image of Puducherry as a beach tourism destination, with special reference to Eden beach, Puducherry. With the support of literature studies, the assumption that a positive destination image also promotes the intention of tourists to revisit, thus bringing sustainable development to the destination, is justified.
RESULTS
The results are theoretical. The study is based on Eden beach, Puducherry. The results show that the destination image encourages the intention of tourists to revisit and loyalty to the destination. This research is significant for the future as it helps to propagate India’s image as a clean and green beach tourism destination, thus creating a positive destination image among domestic and international travellers.
DISCUSSION
On achieving this Blue flag certification, the destination image of Pondicherry as a beach destination, a union territory in India, creates loyalty to destination that encourages the intention to revisit the destination among tourists that ultimately benefits the stake holders of the destination and helps in achieving sustainable development.
CONCLUSIONS
The connection between the destination image, destination loyalty and intention to revisit is clear and proven in many other research findings. Therefore, future researchers can also focus on other beaches in India with Blue flag certification and their role in promoting tourism in that region, as well as the image of a tourist destination and the tourist's perception of a tourist destination on other blue flag beaches of India.
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V, Sivakami, Ankathi Raghu, and Raja P. "THE BLUE FLAG PROGRAMME AND DESTINATION IMAGE: A STUDY ON EDEN BEACH, PUDUCHERRY, INDIA." SOCIETY. TECHNOLOGY. SOLUTIONS. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (April 8, 2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.35363/via.sts.2022.75.
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INTRODUCTION
Beach tourism offers enormous economic benefits to local communities and also causes many environmental and social impacts on the coastal environment. Many people choose to take a holiday at a beach destination because they want to relax, escape and participate in beachfront recreation (Lucrezi and Vander Walt, 2016). India, with a coastline of 7516.6 km (Centre for coastal zone management and coastal shelter belt, 2017), has a wide variety of beaches on its shoreline that offer recreational activities to tourists. Foundation for Environment Education in Denmark (FEE) has awarded Blue Flag Certification to two new beaches in the year of 2021, namely Kovalam in Tamil Nadu and Eden beach in Puducherry, India. A Blue Flag beach is an eco-tourism model that aims to offer tourists clean and sanitary bathing water, facilities/amenities, and a safe and healthy environment while providing sustainable development to the local community. Around the globe, only 47 countries have achieved this blue flag certification for its beaches.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The researchers have studied the destination image of Puducherry as a beach tourism destination, with special reference to Eden beach, Puducherry. With the support of literature studies, the assumption that a positive destination image also promotes the intention of tourists to revisit, thus bringing sustainable development to the destination, is justified.
RESULTS
The results are theoretical. The study is based on Eden beach, Puducherry. The results show that the destination image encourages the intention of tourists to revisit and loyalty to the destination. This research is significant for the future as it helps to propagate India’s image as a clean and green beach tourism destination, thus creating a positive destination image among domestic and international travellers.
DISCUSSION
On achieving this Blue flag certification, the destination image of Pondicherry as a beach destination, a union territory in India, creates loyalty to destination that encourages the intention to revisit the destination among tourists that ultimately benefits the stake holders of the destination and helps in achieving sustainable development.
CONCLUSIONS
The connection between the destination image, destination loyalty and intention to revisit is clear and proven in many other research findings. Therefore, future researchers can also focus on other beaches in India with Blue flag certification and their role in promoting tourism in that region, as well as the image of a tourist destination and the tourist's perception of a tourist destination on other blue flag beaches of India.
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Bueltmann, Tanja. "Manly Games, Athletic Sports and the Commodification of Scottish Identity: Caledonian Gatherings in New Zealand to 1915." Scottish Historical Review 89, no. 2 (October 2010): 224–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/shr.2010.0206.
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This article explores the development of Caledonian Gatherings in New Zealand from their first emergence in the 1860s until 1915. As one of the defining features of Scottish immigrant community life in the Diaspora, the Gatherings are a global phenomenon. In New Zealand, their development is intrinsically bound to that of Scottish associations, with Caledonian Games being, in fact, the crucial motor for the associations’ rise. The assessment of Caledonian Gatherings hence provides the key to understandig the Scots’ associational culture in New Zealand. At the same time, however, the Gatherings were not an exclusive Scottish event, the article documenting their wider community relevance. Outside of the tighter circle of Scots intent on the promotion of Caledonian sports, the Gatherings soon became a favourite holiday pastime throughout New Zealand. From the late 1880s, greater emphasis was placed on the athletic components of the programme. This is suggestive of the the tensions between Scottish traditionalists keen on maintaining the Games’ authentic character, and those seeking to promote them as amateur or professional athletic gatherings. By scrutinising the ways in which ‘Caledonia’ was commodified, and developed as a successful brand, the article explores the Gatherings’ dual purpose. Though born out of an ethnic tradition – hence serving as a site of memory – the article argues that Caledonian Gatherings were a central means for the Scots involved in their organisation to claim respectability in civic life.
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Ozascilar, Mine, Rob I. Mawby, and N. Ziyalar. "Perceptions of risk on vacation among visitors to Istanbul." Safer Communities 18, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sc-06-2018-0017.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on the perceptions of risk from specific crimes held by tourists at the start of their vacation in the Turkish city of Istanbul.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes findings from Phase 1 of a two-phase research programme, during which 210 arrivals at the Ataturk airport were asked about their perceptions of their safety from crime while in the city and their intentionsvis-à-visthe adoption (or otherwise) of basic safety precautions, using a 32-question self-completion questionnaire.FindingsThe findings confirm those of earlier studies that tourists, unlike citizens in general, tend to have low expectations of their vulnerability to crime. However, variables associated with fear in conventional surveys were not generally related to the perceptions of risk. The clearest association was between prior knowledge of crime in Istanbul and perceptions of risk. The lack of any strong relationship between perceptions of risk and intent to adopt safety precautions is then discussed.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to visitors to one city and to English-speaking tourists.Practical implicationsThe implication here is that if tourist centres wish to reduce crime it is not sufficient to focus on “educating” tourists on the dangers, but that more emphasis should be placed on crime prevention methods that put the onus on the host environment.Social implicationsFrom a criminological perspective, two points appear particularly important. First, the relationship between fear (in all its manifestations) and risk is not constant. It may differ in different physical and social contexts. Second, if, following routine activity theory, policy makers wish to focus on changing people’s behaviour in order to maximise their safety, in different contexts different publics may vary in their willingness or resistance to change.Originality/valueThis study is original as it focusses on tourists to a specific destination at the beginning of their holiday.
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Tošić, Violeta, Miloš Tucović, and Teodora Tošić. "Loyalty programs in hospitality on the example of hotel Holiday Inn Suschevsky." Turisticko poslovanje, no. 28 (2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/turpos0-34450.
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This paper will present one of the basic aspects of the formation of constant priorities of the company - customer loyalty, on the example o f the hotel market in the Russian Federation. The hotel market in the Russian Federation is a developing segment with noticeable growth potential. This fact is confirmed by the increased number of investments through the appearance on the market o f large international hotel chains such as The Rezidor Hotel Group, Inter Continental Hotels Group, Marriott International. Research, analysis and constant work on achieving consumer loyalty is an important topic among marketers. More specifically, the topic of loyalty programs that enable companies regular consumers, and thus the growth and development of their company, is very current. Accordingly, a topic was chosen that represents such analysis in a completely different, non-competitive market for us, which can bring interesting and important examples and conclusions that can be implemented.
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van Stuijvenberg, ME, MA Dhansay, CM Smuts, CJ Lombard, VB Jogessar, and AJS Benadé. "Long-term evaluation of a micronutrient-fortified biscuit used for addressing micronutrient deficiencies in primary school children." Public Health Nutrition 4, no. 6 (December 2001): 1201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2001179.
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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the long-term effect on micronutrient status of a β-carotene-, iron- and iodine-fortified biscuit given to primary school children as school feeding.Design:Children receiving the fortified biscuit were followed in a longitudinal study for 2.5 years (n=108); in addition, cross-sectional data from three subsequent surveys conducted in the same school are reported.Setting:A rural community in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Subjects:Children aged 6–11 years attending the primary school where the biscuit was distributed.Results:There was a significant improvement in serum retinol, serum ferritin, haemoglobin, transferrin saturation and urinary iodine during the first 12 months of the biscuit intervention. However, when the school reopened after the summer holidays, all variables, except urinary iodine, returned to pre-intervention levels. Serum retinol increased again during the next 9 months, but was significantly lower in a subsequent cross-sectional survey carried out directly after the summer holidays; this pattern was repeated in two further cross-sectional surveys. Haemoglobin gradually deteriorated at each subsequent assessment, as did serum ferritin (apart from a slight increase at the 42-month assessment at the end of the school year).Conclusions:This study has shown that fortification of a biscuit with β-carotene at a level of 50% of the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) was enough to maintain serum retinol concentrations from day to day, but not enough to sustain levels during the long school holiday break. Other long-term solutions, such as local food production programmes combined with nutrition education, should also be examined. The choice of the iron compound used as fortificant in the biscuit needs further investigation.
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Janků, J., D. Kučerová, J. Houška, J. Kozák, and A. Rubešová. "The evaluation of degraded land by application of the contingent method." Soil and Water Research 9, No. 4 (November 10, 2014): 214–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/227/2014-swr.
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Industrial activities in the Czech Republic have brought into existence many degraded and contaminated sites. Such areas are not suitable for farming, building or recreation purposes. The necessary reclamation is typically very expansive. In this study, the contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to estimate the public’s willingness to pay for soil reclamation, and also to find out the desire of habitants to live in a good environment with respect to soil quality, and generally to improve the publics awarness of soil protection. This study can help to improve understanding of the local public willingness to pay for reclamation of degradated land protection and can provide useful information for an effective land protection programme. The study was carried out on the locality of Březové Hory – a part of the old mining town Příbram. The chosen locality was used for the placement and storage of residual material after mining, but also includes different soils, which have been transported here as useless material. After the reclamation of a part of the locality, a forest park has been established. A random questionnaire survey was conducted with local resident and as well as holiday makers. The results of the survey indicated that protection of cultivated land was important to the local public. The mean willingness to contribute to reclamation of degraded and contaminated lands in Březové Hory was expressed as the following amount of money: 36.64 CZK (1.4 €) per habitant. The findings calculated suggested that the costs of reclamation of landfill soils on Březové Hory totaled 1528 CZK/m<sup>2</sup>. The results of the survey also showed that the willingness to pay increased according to the dependence on income, the gender and also residential address of respondents. The results have not confirmed the dependence on education. In order to increase the hypothetical willingness to pay, an increase of public awareness of soil degradation and harmful effects on the environment is necessary. Furthermore, it was shown that the market valuation of land can not be used for soil protection purposes.
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Birrell, Paul J., Richard G. Pebody, André Charlett, Xu-Sheng Zhang, and Daniela De Angelis. "Real-time modelling of a pandemic influenza outbreak." Health Technology Assessment 21, no. 58 (October 2017): 1–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hta21580.
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BackgroundReal-time modelling is an essential component of the public health response to an outbreak of pandemic influenza in the UK. A model for epidemic reconstruction based on realistic epidemic surveillance data has been developed, but this model needs enhancing to provide spatially disaggregated epidemic estimates while ensuring that real-time implementation is feasible.ObjectivesTo advance state-of-the-art real-time pandemic modelling by (1) developing an existing epidemic model to capture spatial variation in transmission, (2) devising efficient computational algorithms for the provision of timely statistical analysis and (3) incorporating the above into freely available software.MethodsMarkov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling was used to derive Bayesian statistical inference using 2009 pandemic data from two candidate modelling approaches: (1) a parallel-region (PR) approach, splitting the pandemic into non-interacting epidemics occurring in spatially disjoint regions; and (2) a meta-region (MR) approach, treating the country as a single meta-population with long-range contact rates informed by census data on commuting. Model discrimination is performed through posterior mean deviance statistics alongside more practical considerations. In a real-time context, the use of sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) algorithms to carry out real-time analyses is investigated as an alternative to MCMC using simulated data designed to sternly test both algorithms. SMC-derived analyses are compared with ‘gold-standard’ MCMC-derived inferences in terms of estimation quality and computational burden.ResultsThe PR approach provides a better and more timely fit to the epidemic data. Estimates of pandemic quantities of interest are consistent across approaches and, in the PR approach, across regions (e.g.R0is consistently estimated to be 1.76–1.80, dropping by 43–50% during an over-summer school holiday). A SMC approach was developed, which required some tailoring to tackle a sudden ‘shock’ in the data resulting from a pandemic intervention. This semi-automated SMC algorithm outperforms MCMC, in terms of both precision of estimates and their timely provision. Software implementing all findings has been developed and installed within Public Health England (PHE), with key staff trained in its use.LimitationsThe PR model lacks the predictive power to forecast the spread of infection in the early stages of a pandemic, whereas the MR model may be limited by its dependence on commuting data to describe transmission routes. As demand for resources increases in a severe pandemic, data from general practices and on hospitalisations may become unreliable or biased. The SMC algorithm developed is semi-automated; therefore, some statistical literacy is required to achieve optimal performance.ConclusionsFollowing the objectives, this study found that timely, spatially disaggregate, real-time pandemic inference is feasible, and a system that assumes data as per pandemic preparedness plans has been developed for rapid implementation.Future work recommendationsModelling studies investigating the impact of pandemic interventions (e.g. vaccination and school closure); the utility of alternative data sources (e.g. internet searches) to augment traditional surveillance; and the correct handling of test sensitivity and specificity in serological data, propagating this uncertainty into the real-time modelling.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN40334843.FundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology programme and will be published in full inHealth Technology Assessment; Vol. 21, No. 58. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. Daniela De Angelis was supported by the UK Medical Research Council (Unit Programme Number U105260566) and by PHE. She received funding under the NIHR grant for 10% of her time. The rest of her salary was provided by the MRC and PHE jointly.
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Dunn, D. "Singular encounters: Mediating the tourist destination in British television holiday programmes." Tourist Studies 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2006): 37–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468797606071476.
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Aletor, Valentine A. "Leveraging Endogenous Research and Innovation for Sustainable Livestock Production, National Food Security and Poverty Alleviation In Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 40, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 232–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v40i1.715.
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In this treatise, a quick look is taken at the spectrum (range) of research from pure basic, strategic basic, applied, experimental development or research and development (R&D) to endogenous research and innovation (ER&I). It also defines development, innovation, food security, poverty; and discusses some contemporary theories of innovation within the context of organizational/national development. This was followed by an overview of global and Nigerian livestock, Food Security and Poverty situations; and the characterization of the Nigerian agriculture. It emphasizes the strong link between poverty and low agricultural productivity and chronicles the impact of some generated technologies by the National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS) on food production. The trends and patterns of Industry-Government-University research relationships in Nigeria are examined and some illustrations given to show in concrete terms, with examples of the “Asian Tigers” and the BRICS nations, how socio-economic development and human development indices (HDI)have become Research and Innovation-driven.Among the identified constraints to the attainment of food and nutrition security and the curtailment of deepening poverty despite Nigeria's huge agricultural resource endowments include: high cost of agricultural inputs; incessant power outages; chronic under-funding of agricultural research by government and the society, including industries; poor market outlets; huge post-harvest losses due, largely, to the decay of research infrastructure needed for value-addition; low value accorded University-Industry R&I partnerships; lack of political will to make existing National Agricultural policies achieve set targets; information dearth and/or low diffusion of the available significant local agricultural R&I outcomes. Others were poor food distribution networks and very limited ACCESS to food and means of food production – land, water, animals, seeds, fertilizers, extension education, technology etcConsequent on the structural issues involved in food security: ie, the scientific challenge of enhanced productivity; the logistical and political questions of distribution; and socio-economic issues of access, robust mitigation paradigms are proposed. First, is to give full and true autonomy to Agricultural Research Council of Nigeria to effectively harness the synergies of the Universities, NARS, Research Institutes and Industries with regard to competencies, endowments (both material & intellectual) to pursue National Food Security programme without undue interference from a supervisory ministry. Also proposed, for poverty mitigation, is a Value Chain model which entails the active promotion of local content policy by government which strategically links ER& I with MSMEs for the manufacture of strategic basic agricultural equipment, foods, animal feeds, drugs/vaccines, goods and supplies with incentives such as tax holiday, low interest rates etc, provided such firms by government; substantial improvement in the power and transportation sectors, among others.
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Keogh, Johannes, and Eileen Russel-Roberts. "Exchange programmes and student mobility: Meeting student’s expectations or an expensive holiday?" Nurse Education Today 29, no. 1 (January 2009): 108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2008.07.006.
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Mann, Emily, Clara Widdison, and Margaret Anne Defeyter. "Implementing Holiday Provision Programmes: A Qualitative Investigation of the Experiences of Senior Stakeholders." Open Journal of Social Sciences 08, no. 07 (2020): 286–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.87023.
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Дмитриев, Георгий Сергеевич. "Celebration of the 900th anniversary of the Baptism of Russia." Церковный историк, no. 1(1) (June 15, 2019): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/chist.2019.1.1.013.
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Статья посвящена празднованию 900-летия Крещения Руси. Инициированное Славянским благотворительным обществом празднование юбилейной даты крещения было принято под организационный контроль Святейшего Синода, а после майского указа императора Александра III в 1888 г. подготовка к празднику приняла общегосударственный характер. Дискуссии по поводу датировки крещения Руси (988-989, 990 гг.), развернувшиеся в научном сообществе (Духовные Академии, Киевский Университет и др.), не дали определённого результата: учёные не пришли к единому мнению о времени и месте Крещения Руси. Обер-прокурор К. П. Победоносцев предложил остановиться на дате 988 г., он же возглавил организацию и проведение юбилейных торжеств в Киеве. Масштабные праздники, посвящённые эпохальному событию (программа торжеств включала в себя: проведение Божественных Литургий, молебнов, крестных ходов, военных парадов, торжественных приёмов) прошли по всей империи, центрами торжеств стали Санкт-Петербург, Москва и Киев. На празднование юбилея прибыли многочисленные гости из-за рубежа, особенно из братских славянских стран (духовенство и миряне Сербии, Черногории, Болгарии). Участие в праздновании 900-летия Крещения Руси всех слоёв российского общества, от императорской семьи до крестьян, показало особую значимость Православия в жизни русского народа, приверженность многовековым духовным и культурным традициям, верность христианским ценностям. Праздник такого масштаба содействовал укреплению национального самосознания и народного благочестия. The report is dedicated to the celebration of the 900th anniversary of the Baptism of Rus'. Initiated by the Slavic Benevolent Society, the celebration of the anniversary date of Baptism was taken under the organizational control of the Holy Synod, and after the May Decree of Emperor Alexander III in 1888, preparations for the celebration took on a national character. Debates on the dating of the Baptism of Russia (988-989, 990), which broke out in the scientific community (ecclesiastical academies, Kiev University, etc.), did not yield a certain result: the scientists did not come to a consensus about the time and place of the Baptism of Rus'. Hierarch Procurator K. P. Pobedonostsev proposed to settle on the date 988; he also headed the organization and conduct of the anniversary celebrations in Kiev. Large-scale festivities dedicated to the epochal event (the programme of the festivities included: Divine Liturgies, prayers, processions, military parades, and solemn receptions) were held throughout the empire, with St. Petersburg, Moscow and Kiev becoming the centres of the festivities. Numerous guests arrived for the celebrations from abroad, especially from the brotherly Slavonic countries (clergy and laymen from Serbia, Montenegro and Bulgaria). The participation of all strata of Russian society, from the Imperial family to peasants, in the celebration of the 900th anniversary of the Baptism of Russia showed the particular importance of Orthodoxy in the life of the Russian people, their commitment to the centuries-long spiritual and cultural traditions and their loyalty to Christian values. A holiday of this scale helped to strengthen national self-consciousness and popular piety.
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Gao, Wei, Yuen K. Ho, Julia Verne, Emma Gordon, and Irene J. Higginson. "Geographical and temporal Understanding In place of Death in England (1984–2010): analysis of trends and associated factors to improve end-of-life Care (GUIDE_Care) – primary research." Health Services and Delivery Research 2, no. 42 (November 2014): 1–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr02420.
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BackgroundPlace of death (PoD) has been used as an outcome measure for end-of-life care. Analysis of variations in PoD can improve understanding about service users’ needs and thus better target health-care services.Objectives(1) To describe PoD in England by demographic, socioeconomic and temporal variables; (2) to determine how much of the variation in PoD can be explained by potential explanatory variables at the area level, and building on this to develop individual-level multivariable regression models; and (3) to evaluate factors associated with PoD and to construct risk assessment models to inform practice.MethodsA population-based study of all registered deaths between 1984 and 2010 in England (n = 13,154,705). The outcome was the PoD. Explanatory variables included age, gender, cause of death (CoD), marital status, year of death, whether or not the death was in a holiday period (Christmas, Easter, New Year), season of death, the location of usual residence and area-level deprivation. The proportion of explained variation in PoD was estimated using the weighted aggregate-level linear regression. Factors associated with PoD were investigated using generalised linear models. The risk assessment models were constructed using the 2006–9 data; the performance was evaluated using the 2010 data.ResultsHospital was the most common PoD in 2001–10 [overall 57.3%; range – cancer 46.1% to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) 68.3%], followed by home [overall 19.0%; range – cerebrovascular disease (CBD) 6.7% to cardiovascular disease 27.4%] or care home (overall 17.2%; range – cancer 10.1% to neurological conditions 35.2%), depending on CoD. Over the period, the proportion of hospital deaths for people who died from non-cancer increased (57.1–61.2%) and care home deaths reduced (21.2% down to 20.0%); a reverse pattern was seen for those who died of cancer (hospital: reduced, 48.6–47.3%; care home: increased, 9.3–10.1%). Hospice deaths varied considerably by CoD (range – CBD 0.2% to cancer 17.1%), and increased slightly overall from 4.1% in 1993–2000 to 5.1% in 2001–10. Multivariable analysis found that hospital deaths for all causes combined were more likely for people aged 75+ years [proportion ratios (PRs) 0.863–0.962 vs. aged 25–54 years], those who lived in London (PRs 0.872–0.988 vs. North West), those who were divorced, single and widowed (PRs 0.992–1.001 vs. married), those who lived in more deprived areas (PRs 0.929–1.000 more deprived vs. less deprived) and those who died in autumn, winter or at New Year. We were able to develop risk assessment models but the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve indicating poor predictive performance, ranging from 0.552 (COPD) to 0.637 (CBD).ConclusionsHospital remains the most common PoD, followed by home and care home. Hospices play an important role for people who died from cancer but little for other diseases. Place of death is strongly associated with the underlying CoD. The variation in PoD by region, age, marital status and area deprivation suggests that inequities exist, which services and clinical commissioning groups could seek to address.FundingThe National Institute for Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Arnold, Louise M., Gemma L. Brooksbank, Richard J. Kelly, Anita Hill, Stephen John Richards, Rachel Senior, Tracy Downing, et al. "Continued Benefit From Prolonged Treatment with Eculizumab in 130 Patients with PNH in the UK: Home Delivery of Eculizumab Is Safe, Convenient and Associated with Very High Levels of Patient Satisfaction." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 4368. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.4368.4368.
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Abstract Abstract 4368 Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired bone marrow disorder characterised by intravascular hemolysis with resultant anemia often leading to transfusion dependence, severe disabling symptoms and, frequently, life threatening thrombosis. Historically the management of PNH was largely supportive, relatively ineffective and resulted in frequent visits to hospital, admissions, an inability to function normally including loss of employment or other daily activities. PNH is a chronic condition and in most patients persists for the remainder of the patient’s life. Eculizumab was first used for PNH in 2002 and has been licensed since 2007. Eculizumab has been reported to improve all symptoms due to hemolysis in PNH as well as preventing the common complications, such as thrombosis and renal failure and normalising survival. However eculizumab has to be given as an intravenous infusion every 2 weeks indefinitely. In the UK PNH is managed in a shared care model between local hematologists and the National PNH Service from two Centres based in St James’s University Hospital, Leeds and Kings College Hospital, London. Here we report the management of patients treated with eculizumab within the PNH National Service. A total of 130 patients have been treated with eculizumab since May 2002 with 120 currently receiving therapy. 5 patients have died and none were directly related to PNH or eculizumab. 99 patients requiring transfusions prior to eculizumab have been on treatment for at least a year and 65 (66%) of these have not required transfusions for at least the last 12 months. The rarity of PNH means that patients frequently have to travel long distances for review and treatment. This leads to major issues both in terms of time commitment and expense. In order to allow patients to lead as normal lives as possible we have developed a service model in which Specialist PNH Clinics are performed regionally by the PNH Centre and in which patients receive eculizumab every 2 weeks in their homes delivered by a homecare nursing team. In the UK, the PNH Service and Healthcare at Home Ltd (www.hah.co.uk) have been working in partnership for over 7 years during the clinical trials of eculizumab and since its license in 2007. The PNH Service manages the prescription and delivery of eculizumab including an education program for the homecare nurses. This innovative home infusion programme ensures the safe administration of eculizumab outside of the hospital environment, leading to enhanced treatment-associated convenience for patients and their families. Each year the home infusion program has grown, now over 3000 infusions are given annually including whilst patients are on holiday, visiting family, at University or in the workplace. A recent patient survey has been conducted from the 2 PNH Centres to assess the patients’ experience of their PNH diagnosis and treatment. 122 patients responded with 70 of these patients receiving treatment with eculizumab and all currently on the home infusion programme. 63 of 68 patients reported the homecare service as excellent or very good compared to 1 reporting it as poor and 66 of the 68 patients preferred to have their treatment at home compared to hospital. The patients main concerns before starting treatment were reduced life expectancy and the requirement for blood transfusions along with fatigue. With eculizumab treatment and the convenience of homecare 30 patients reported being able to return to work. The homecare service is supported by contact between the clinic appointments, 56 of 67 patients having contact with their PNH Specialist Centre by phone or email in addition to the care of the patient’s local hematology team that over 90% of the patients continue to see. The impact of PNH on patients lives before eculizumab treatment was rated and improved from a median of 3 out of 10 (0 = no quality of life; 10 = normal) prior to eculizumab to a median of 8 out of 10 on treatment. In summary, a novel model of provision of care in PNH with Outreach Specialist Clinics, a 24 hour on call service and homecare delivery of eculizumab permits the normalisation of patients’ lives and overcomes most of the hurdles associated with prolonged regular intravenous therapy. This allows patients to benefit fully from eculizumab including reduction in transfusions, the prevention of serious complications, normalisation of quality of life and where appropriate a return to work. Disclosures: Arnold: Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria. Kelly:Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Hill:Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau. Richards:Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Elebute:Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees. Hillmen:Alexion Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity’s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
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Jaworski, Adam, Virpi Ylanne-McEwen, Crispin Thurlow, and Sarah Lawson. "Social roles and negotiation of status in host-tourist interaction: A view from British television holiday programmes." Journal of Sociolinguistics 7, no. 2 (May 2003): 135–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9481.00217.
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Jaworski, Adam, Crispin Thurlow, Sarah Lawson, and Virpi Ylänne-McEwen. "The Uses and Representations of Local Languages in Tourist Destinations: A View from British TV Holiday Programmes." Language Awareness 12, no. 1 (March 2003): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09658410308667063.
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Rao, S. J. V., and S. A. Alexander. "Influence of school holidays on weight of children participating in a tertiary hospital weight management programme." Obesity Research & Clinical Practice 5 (October 2011): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2011.08.099.
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Roseveare, Chris. "Editorial." Acute Medicine Journal 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0144.
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Summer is here, the weather is great and acute medicine teams across the country will be looking forward to 3 or 4 months with few (if any) acute admissions, long lunch breaks and plenty of time off……..OK so this is just wishful thinking! However, the misconception that bed pressures are seasonal still seems to abound in many circles. How often do we sit in bed management meetings in January and February and hear someone refer to ‘things getting better in the next couple of months’? Such optimism does help us to get through those dark winter days when the only daylight you see is glimpsed through the ward windows as you review the 11th COPD patient in succession. But seasonal bed pressures are not simply confined to Winter. Spring and Summer bring their own challenges. First is the Bank Holiday Trilogy: this year’s Easter backlog was hardly cleared in time for Mayday and Whitsun. On top of this we have pollen, ozone, Economy Class Syndrome and ‘barbeque bowel’, not to mention the dehydrating effect of any ‘heatwave’ which comes our way. But let’s be positive – Autumn will be with us soon, and with it another important event in the development of the Speciality of Acute Medicine. The Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre in Glasgow will be the location for the first truly International meeting of the Society for Acute Medicine. This should be a great opportunity for Acute Medicine to show the wider medical world how far we have come as a speciality over the past eight years, and I would urge as many of you as possible to sign up using the on-line registration system via the link: http://www.regonline.com/societyforacutemedicine . The excellent attendance at the Spring meeting in Halifax was encouraging, particularly the large number of SHOs and trainees who made the journey. One Trainee has submitted her own observations on the meeting, which I have included on p. 44. For those of you who were unable to attend I have also included the abstracts from the Free Paper session, along with summaries of the ‘breakout’ sessions. There will not be time in the packed Autumn programme for another Free Paper session (this is planned again for next Spring), but there will be an extensive poster display with a prize for the best poster. Information on how to submit an abstract can be found on the Society’s website. This edition of the journal contains a range of reviews and case reports, which I hope that readers will find interesting. Hammersley and Edge make a strong case for the development of combined paediatric and adult guidelines for the management of diabetic ketoacidosis, emphasising a more cautious approach to fluid replacement that has been traditionally employed in adult patients. The use of near-patient testing for ketone levels is also discussed, with speculation that this may be of use in the future for prevention of admissions in adults with DKA. Avian influenza may have disapperared from the front pages of Tabloid newspapers in recent times, but the need for vigilance amongst front-line clinicians remains as high as ever. Esmail and Aarons’ review should remind readers of the diagnostic algorithms and treatment options when faced with a suspected case. Syncope and pulmonary embolism complete the review section, the latter providing an extensive review of the diagnostic strategies for this important condition. Treatment of pulmonary embolism will follow in a future edition.
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Williamson, Rachel, and Rebecca Jesson. "Log on and blog." English Teaching: Practice & Critique 16, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/etpc-03-2017-0036.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the viability of blogging over the summer holidays as an intervention to ameliorate the Summer Learning Effect (SLE) in writing. The SLE is the impact on achievement of taking a break from school over summer, and has been documented to affect differentially those students who come from low socioeconomic status (SES) communities compared with their more affluent peers. However, previous studies within similar communities suggest that the effect is not inevitable, and is amenable to intervention. Design/methodology/approach The present study is set in a group of low SES schools where students already have individual learning blogs. The Summer Learning Journey was designed by the research team in consultation with students and teachers from the schools and trialled in January 2015. The design of the programme drew on previous research that suggested that students would be motivated by interest, rather than achievement, and that literacy activity over summer should be leisure-based. Findings Initial evidence suggests that students who participated made measurable improvements compared with their own progress over the previous summer and also compared with a matched control group of students, and that the observed difference continued over the 2016 school year. Research limitations/implications The study provides initial evidence of quite substantial differences in achievement for those students who were active bloggers. Originality/value The study provides an alternative direction from current summer learning programmes and indicates the potential for designing digital opportunities for learning at times when the school is not in session.
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DUNAVA, Costel Neculai. "Transfer of Social Facilities from Social Responsibility Policies of Companies into Collective Labor Agreements." Anuarul Universitatii "Petre Andrei" din Iasi - Fascicula: Drept, Stiinte Economice, Stiinte Politice 28 (December 10, 2021): 134–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/upalaw/72.
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Since the second half of the twentieth century, in the liberal world economy, the idea has emerged that the benefit of entrepreneurs must be harmonized with environmental protection, safety and health measures for workers and the provision of extra-wage earnings. This 'fad' - underpinned by the philosophy of human rights and the ideology of sustainable development - is called 'corporate social responsibility' (CSR). Initially developed as an economic practice in the United States, corporate social responsibility has become a general hallmark of economic activities across the globe. In Romania, the most popular CSR measures are: meal vouchers, medical fringe benefits, training programmes and covering the costs of professional certifications, flexible working hours or working from home, access to gyms and lifestyle benefits, bonuses and bonuses, company car, holiday vouchers, mobile phones and high-performance laptops.
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van Hoof, Lian. "The Acquisition of the Simple Past Tense by First-form Pupils in an English Immersion Programme." Toegepaste Taalwetenschap in Artikelen 86 (January 1, 2011): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttwia.86.05hoo.
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Learners of English as a second language frequently make mistakes in their use of the L2. Prévost & White (2000) report that the Missing Surface Inflection Hypothesis (MSIH) suggests that learners know the underlying functional category, but cannot always produce the correct surface form. The present study aims to test this hypothesis by investigating the development of the simple past tense of pupils in bilingual (TTO) and regular secondary education. Therefore, first-form pupils of bilingual and regular Α-level were investigated. The children performed two writing assignments: one at the start of the year and another one four months later (just after the Christmas holidays). The TTO-pupils showed more progress in their acquisition of past tense forms of English as compared to regular Α-level pupils and they were more creative in their language use, as was visible in the mistakes they made. Furthermore, no pupil used only non-finite forms. Thus, the findings indicate that the MSIH appears to be correct.
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Lanero Táboas, Daniel. "‘Travelling is a Pleasure …’ Leisure Control, Tourism and Images of the Other in the Iberian Fascist Dictatorships." Journal of Contemporary History 54, no. 1 (July 24, 2017): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009417704895.
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This article examines the relationship between Francoism and the Portuguese Estado Novo in the context of state control of workers’ leisure time. The two Iberian Fascist dictatorships reacted to the international political isolation they were experiencing by seeking to strengthen their mutual ties during a period extending from the end of the Second World War until the mid-1950s. In the sphere of leisure, this was accomplished by means of two social tourism programmes: hosting workers from the neighbouring country in state holiday centres, and organizing trips in order to get to know the monuments and culture of the other country. These trips and vacations were used by the Franco Regime and the Estado Novo as a means of political and ideological indoctrination of workers. They were also intended to improve the perception of the national identity among the visitors, thus projecting a certain national image abroad.
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Garattini, Silvio Ken, Debora Basile, Marta Bonotto, Elena Ongaro, Luca Porcu, Carla Corvaja, Monica Cattaneo, et al. "Drug Holidays and Overall Survival of Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer." Cancers 13, no. 14 (July 13, 2021): 3504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13143504.
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Different de-escalation strategies have been proposed to limit the risk of cumulative toxicity and guarantee quality of life during the treatment trajectory of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Programmed treatment interruptions, defined as drug holidays (DHs), have been implemented in clinical practice. We evaluated the association between DHs and overall survival (OS). This was a retrospective study, conducted at the University Hospital of Udine and the IRCCS CRO of Aviano. We retrieved records of 608 consecutive patients treated for mCRC from 1 January 2005 to 15 March 2017 and evaluated the impact of different de-escalation strategies (maintenance, DHs, or both) on OS through uni- and multivariate Cox regression analyses. We also looked at attrition rates across treatment lines according to the chosen strategy. In our study, 19.24% of patients received maintenance therapy, 16.12% DHs, and 9.87% both, while 32.07% continued full-intensity first-line treatment up to progression or death. In uni- and multivariate analyses first-line continuous treatment and early discontinuation (treatment for less than 3 months) were associated to worse OS compared to non-continuous strategies (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.22–2.32; p = 0.002 and HR,4.89; 95% CI, 3.33–7.19; p < 0.001, respectively). Attrition rates were 22.8%, 20.61%, and 19.64% for maintenance, DHs, or both, respectively. For continuous therapy and for treatment of less than 3 months it was 21.57% and 49%. De-escalation strategies are safe and effective options. DHs after initial induction chemotherapy may be considered in clinically selected patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Kremen, Vasyl, Oleksandr Liashenko, and Olena Lokshyna. "GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATION IN OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: DURATION AND STRUCTURE." Education: Modern Discourses, no. 3 (December 25, 2020): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37472/2617-3107-2020-3-03.
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The aim of the paper is the comparative analysis of the structure of the general secondary education system in Ukraine and the education systems of thirty eight countries participating in the EU Erasmus+ Programme (27 EU Member States, as well as Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Northern Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Montenegro, Switzerland, United Kingdom).The authors have analysed the duration of education and the structure of an academic year in Ukraine and in other European countries and made conclusions on the compatibility of the instruction time and holidays length in the Ukrainian general secondary education institutions with those in the foreign ones. Basing on the analysis of the main development trends in the European education area countries the authors have formulated proposals to improve the instruction organisation in the Ukrainian schools in compliance with the transformations currently taking place in general secondary education in Ukraine.
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Könyves, Erika, and Éva Suta. "The importance of equestrian tourism enterprises in tourism destination management in Hungary." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 3, no. 3-4 (September 30, 2009): 25–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2009/3-4/5.
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Hungary is the pioneer of the European Equestrian Tourism. Several thousands foreign tourists visited specific equestrian programmes already in the 1960’s and 1970’s.At the same times some hundred thousands of holiday tourists visited equestrian shows and programs organised in different areas of our country. From the beginning of the 1990’s equestrian enterprises (pensions, stables, specialized equestrian services) have been established. The equestrian tourism enterprises are well represented all over the country.They are well organised, the Hungarian EquestrianTourism Association integrates 80% of equestrian tourism enterprises. Uniquely in Europe, the voluntary professional qualification, called “the horseshoe qualification system” started in 1998. The most common quality categories are for entrepreneurs are 3 or 2 or 1 horseshoe. The system ofTourism Destination Management organizations could provide the background for the development of equestrian tourism enterprises as well.At local level these needs would be product development, the quality control and quality management, at regional level the most important aims could be the development of regional equestrian image and increasing the attractiveness of this image, finally hardening the positions of equestrian tourism destination.
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Leary, David. "Drones on ice: an assessment of the legal implications of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in scientific research and by the tourist industry in Antarctica." Polar Record 53, no. 4 (May 22, 2017): 343–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247417000262.
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ABSTRACTUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also known as drones, are used in scientific research and a diverse range of other applications across the globe. They are also being used increasingly for scientific research in Antarctica and to a lesser extent by tourists visiting the world's last great frontier tourist destination. Their use in scientific research in Antarctica offers many benefits to science and if used responsibly may be less invasive than other research techniques, offering a rich source of new scientific data. For tourists, UAVs also offer unique aerial photographic perspectives on Antarctica — the ultimate holiday snap shot. Concerns have been raised about the safety of drone use in the harsh and unpredictable Antarctic conditions, as well as possible environmental impacts. This paper considers these issues and the emerging regulatory response to drone use in Antarctica focusing on theAntarctic Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) Operator's Handbook, which provides guidelines to national Antarctic programmes on the use of UAVs in the Antarctic Treaty area, and the temporary ban on use of drones by tourists imposed by the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO). Both measures arguably constitute a good first response to this emerging issue, although more still needs to be done.
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Buscaglia, Giacinto, Adriana Carolei, Francesca Baldazzi, Alessandra Marinoni, and Antonio Maria Ferro. "Surveying patients' and family members' satisfaction: the experience of the mental health department in Savona." Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale 13, no. 3 (September 2004): 158–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00003432.
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SummaryAim — To point out the degree of satisfaction of psychotic patients and their family members in relation to the assistance given by the four Outpatient Mental Health Services in the Savona Department. Methods — patients with a diagnosis of psychosis were selected among those visited during the period from the 1st of January to the 30th of April 2002. VSSS—54 item, was utilized. Results — The analysis, conducted on 301 patients and 149 family members, highlighted: 1) a substantially positive assessment of the Services 2) the patients and their family members quite agreed on the evaluation of the different areas of satisfaction 3) Strong points: all the operators' human and professional skills 4) request of a better knowledge of the Service's programmes and more information to the public opinion 5) request of more collaboration with family doctors and other specialists 6) The worst criticism: the Service's response to night and holiday emergency. Conclusions — The patients and their family members reacted positively to the survey, that created more resistance on the part of the operators. The survey is not to be considered the final objective, but the point of departure for a new form of collaboration between the users and the operators.Declaration of Interestnone
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Gubricová, Janette. "Forming Pupils’ Positive Relationship to the Soviet Union in the Period of Socialism in Czechoslovakia Through the Lens of Chronicles." Slovenský národopis / Slovak Ethnology 69, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 236–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/se-2021-0013.
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Abstract The cooperation of Czechoslovakia (and other socialist countries) with the Soviet Union was an important phenomenon during the period of socialism. It represented one form of building and consolidating socialism within socialist countries. Relationships with the Soviet Union affected political, ideological, economic and cultural domains, including education. This study follows points of departure and forms of building children’s positive relationship with the Soviet Union in the period of socialism. The content analysis of the Pioneer Organisation chronicles shows that the most frequently identified forms of activities were regularly organised (celebrations of memorial days and public holidays, politically motivated commitments, correspondence, games, expeditions, competitions, etc.). Some identified activities could be considered occasional, as they reflected current events in the Soviet Union (showing Soviet films, deaths of prominent politicians, anniversaries of birth/death of politicians, etc.). The proclaimed “diversity and attractiveness of content and forms” can characterise the process, and it affected many domains of children’s lives. However, the (in)direct power interest of the Soviet Union was hidden in the proclamation of “children’s well-being”, while the programme of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia was implemented to reinforce the communistic ideology and actual political interests.
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Houghton, Chris. "Capturing the pupil voice of secondary gifted and talented students who had attended an enrichment programme in their infant school." Gifted Education International 30, no. 1 (April 2, 2013): 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261429413480421.
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The study was conducted during the Easter holidays of 2010 at Rawmarsh City Learning Centre with 16 students from school years 8 to 11 who had participated, during their infant years, in a gifted and talented Key Stage One Enrichment Cluster. The students represented a wide range of backgrounds, and five were identified as being on the autistic spectrum. The Enrichment Cluster was known as original ways of learning through enrichment technology and socialisation (OWLETS). OWLETS aimed to address the lack of provision for exceptionally able young children, while supporting them in overcoming any weaknesses in relation to socialisation or engagement. The cluster design was inspired by Renzulli’s Schoolwide Enrichment Model. The study investigated the students’ perspective of key features of their experiences at OWLETS and throughout their subsequent education, examining their views on learning and teaching, and was facilitated by the production of a video with student voices spoken by avatars. Findings showed that those with additional special needs preferred primary school and described struggles in secondary; the other 11 students were more positive about secondary education than primary. All the students viewed opportunities for personalised learning and effective teacher–student relationships as key, and they suggested that children who demonstrate exceptional ability benefit from opportunities to socialise and work collaboratively with similarly gifted peers throughout all stages of education. The study indicated that Renzulli’s model, in this simple format, has the potential to enrich a whole-school approach, meeting the needs of all children including the exceptionally able.
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A. Saunders, Denis, and Perry De Rebeira. "A case study of the conservation value of a small tourist resort island: Birds of Rottnest Island, Western Australia 1905-2007." Pacific Conservation Biology 15, no. 1 (2009): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc090011.
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The avifauna of Rottnest Island, off the southwest coast of Western Australia, has been studied by three authorities from 1953?1963, 1980?1992 and 1998?2007. In addition, several annotated bird lists have been published since 1905. Over the period 1905 to 2007, 101 species have been recorded from the island, including 41 species of vagrant (species rarely seen with no pattern of occurrence) that have not changed in status over the 102 years. Of the 60 species recorded as part of the island?s avifauna, 24 have apparently not changed in status over that period. Thirty-five species have changed in status and/or abundance, including nine species of transequatorial migrant; all Charadriiformes. Seven of these species were formerly absent or vagrants but now are regular visitors, several possibly as a result of range extensions. Two species of transequatorial migrant, formerly regarded as members of the island?s avifauna, have become vagrants. Six passerine and one non-passerine species have resident populations that are isolated on the island with no populations on the adjacent mainland. Populations of three of these species are sufficiently different from mainland populations to constitute conservation management units. Rottnest Island is managed as a holiday resort. In the past this management has compromised some of the conservation values. Recommendations for dedicated monitoring programmes and management for the conservation of the island?s avifauna are provided.