Relevant bibliographies by topics / Hollow conductor

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Hollow conductor'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Hollow conductor"

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Dong, Hai Hong, and Lin Ruan. "Research on the Flow Characteristics of Forced Circulation Evaporative Cooling System of Stator in Turbo-Generator." Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (May 2012): 1618–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.1618.

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The forced circulation evaporative cooling system of stator in turbo-generator is a new cooling system under study, with the advantages of high-security, high efficiency and energy-saving. In this paper, an experiment table of this new cooling system with single hollow conductor was established. The flow characteristics of coolant in hollow conductor were analyzed and discussed by theoretical simulating and experimental researching. The results show that with the volume flow of coolant increasing, the variation tendencies of total flow resistance in hollow conductor and Xe are not monotonic and the prediction precision of total flow resistance in hollow conductor is satisfying with maximum relative error less than 10%. The length of subcooled flow boiling region in hollow conductor is relative long and can not be ignored. The conclusions in this paper can provide the theoretical and experimental basis for the further study of this new cooling system.
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Swaminathan, M., T. K. Sarkar, P. Petre, and T. Roy. "Conductor loss in hollow waveguides using surface integral formulation." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 40, no. 11 (November 1992): 2034–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/22.168760.

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Aguirregabiria, J. M., A. Hernández, and M. Rivas. "Shielding of an oscillating electric field by a hollow conductor." American Journal of Physics 64, no. 8 (August 1996): 1008–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.18319.

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Sugimoto, M., T. Isono, N. Koizumi, K. Yoshida, Y. Takahashi, M. Nishi, T. Ando, et al. "Development of hollow cooling monolithic conductor for ITER TF coil." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 28, no. 1 (1992): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.119849.

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Hosono, F., M. Sugimoto, H. Tsukamoto, M. Oshikiri, H. Hanawa, S. Seki, T. Sasaki, et al. "AC losses of the toroidal model pancake (hollow conductor type)." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 3, no. 1 (March 1993): 535–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/77.233763.

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Wu, Peng Yue, Yu Cai Wu, Shui Sheng Xie, Guo Jie Huang, and Lei Cheng. "Numerical Simulation on Conform Process of Aluminum Alloy Rectangular Hollow Conductor." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 735–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.735.

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In the investigation, the continuous extrusion forming (CONFORM) process of aluminum alloy rectangular hollow conductor has been studied by three-dimensional finite-element method based on Software DEFORM-3D. The rigid-viscoplastic constitutive equation was employed in the model. Distributions of velocity field, strain field, stress field and temperature field were obtained in the forming process. The results will give effective guidelines to optimize the processing parameters and to select, the die structure and die materials.
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Daywitt, W. C. "Complex Admittance of a Lossy Coaxial Open Circuit with a Hollow Center Conductor." Metrologia 24, no. 1 (January 1, 1987): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/24/1/003.

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LIN, RUAN, GU GUOBIAO, and TIAN XINDONG. "Research of the Temperature Distribution of the Hollow Conductor in the Evaporative Cooling Hydro-Generators." Electric Power Components and Systems 33, no. 2 (January 1, 2005): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15325000590462639.

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Gong, Feilong, Yixiao Wang, Lihua Gong, Yan Sun, Peiyuan Wang, Yonghui Zhang, and Feng Li. "An in situ “detector/conductor” strategy to construct hollow MoO3/MoO2 nanoreactor for aniline detection." Materials Letters 304 (December 2021): 130636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130636.

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He, Tianhu, Jintao Ma, and Yan Li. "The generalized electromagnetic-thermoelastic coupling problem of hollow cylindrical conductor based on the memory-dependent derivative." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 61, no. 3 (November 11, 2019): 357–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-180124.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Hollow conductor"

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Näslin, Joel. "Utformning av en beräkningsmodell samt dimensionering av en elmotors kylvätskesystem." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-39420.

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Effektuttaget ur en elmotor grundar sig i hur mycket ström som kan överföras i elmotorns lindning, vilken i sin tur oftast begränsas av hur varm den blir genom resistiv uppvärmning. Målet med arbetet var att ta reda på vilket värme som uppstår i ledaren, vilken kyleffekt ett vätskeflöde genom ledaren har samt vilket vätsketryck som krävs för att temperaturen på kylvätskan inte ska överstiga 95℃. Genom att ställa upp en analytisk modell kring en ledare och ett vätskeflöde genom denna, vilket i sin tur betyder att hitta kopplingar mellan strömningsmekanikens teori och värmeöverföringsteorin sa erhölls ett resultat. Sedan gjordes både simuleringar och experiment med samma förutsättningar för att kunna validera den analytiska modellen. Den analytiska modellen visade sig stämma väl överens med verkligheten och det skulle visa sig att för en elmotor med 48 ledare med en strömflödestäthet på 50 𝐴/𝑚𝑚2, med en inkommande kylvätsketemperatur på 60℃ och där kylvätskan inte får överstiga 95℃ sa kommer det krävas en pump som kan ge ett flöde av 15 𝑙/𝑚𝑖𝑛 vid ett tryckfall på 1 𝑏𝑎𝑟.
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Ford, Theodore Robert. "Thermal conductivity of bonded hollow-sphere monoliths." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20045.

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Gonzalez, Ralph P. "Hollow sphere radiant thermal conductivity reduction using infrared pore opacification." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20495.

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Holl, Anna Katharina [Verfasser], Birgit [Akademischer Betreuer] Elsner, Barbara [Akademischer Betreuer] Krahé, Birgit [Gutachter] Elsner, and Annette [Gutachter] Klein. "Deficits in theory of mind and executive function as risk factors for conduct problems from middle childhood to early adolescence – a longitudinal perspective / Anna Katharina Holl ; Gutachter: Birgit Elsner, Annette Klein ; Birgit Elsner, Barbara Krahé." Potsdam : Universität Potsdam, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1218795239/34.

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CHU, LIU MEI, and 劉美株. "Thermal Conduction of the Hollow Lightweight Aggregate Concrete." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70441498886599837930.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系
92
Abstract The purpose of the research is armed at the thermal properties of the hollow lightweight aggregate concrete. To find out the effect caused by water to binder ratio (W/B) and pozzloans instead of cement to the thermal conductivity, absorption capacity, unit weight and compression strength with comparative method. The parameter includes W/B and the use percentage of the pozzolans. The trial products is the 20 cm ×20 cm ×8cm flat-square-shaped products. The result of the research is the thermal conductivity of the hollow lightweight aggregate concrete is between 0.2~0.3 kcal/m.hr.℃ much lower than the normal concrete wall or red bricks. It’s the products with excellent thermal property and good to used in the unconstructive building. The hollow lightweight aggregate concrete wall with the lower unit weight, compression strength and higher absorption capacity advantages to lower the thermal conductivity. In the situation with the same W/B, the lower thermal conductivity succeed with the higher percentage of pozzopans instead of cement. If compared the thermal conductivity with among hollow lightweight aggregate concrete, compaction lightweight aggregate concrete and hollow normal concrete ( the W/B is 0.5, 0.6,0.7 and the fixed 40% of pozzolans ), it shows that the lower of the thermal conductivity derive from the shape and size of the hollow construct.As for to take lightweight aggregate instead of normal aggregate, it makes fewer effect and only lower to 90% of the thermal conductivity.
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Chih-ChengHuang and 黃志誠. "Heat Conduction of Hollow Cylinders with Time-Dependent Boundary Conditions and Heat Convection Coefficients." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/71527168018617045126.

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博士
國立成功大學
機械工程學系碩博士班
101
The analytic solutions for the transient heat conduction by extending the method of shifting function in (I) functionally graded circular hollow cylinders with general time-dependent boundary conditions, and (II) uniform circular hollow cylinders with time-dependent boundary condition and heat convection coefficient are developed. The proposed solution method is free of integral transforms. Limiting studies and numerical analysis are given to illustrate the efficiency and the accuracy of the analysis. The influences of physical properties on the heat conduction behavior of the system are studied.
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Mckenna, Sean. "Evaluation of the Thermal Performance for a Wire Mesh/Hollow Glass Microsphere Composite Structure as a Conduction Barrier." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2008-12-122.

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An experimental investigation exploring the use of wire mesh/hollow glass microsphere combination for use as thermal insulation was conducted with the aim to conclude whether or not it represents a superior insulation technology to those on the market. Three primary variables, including number of wire mesh layers, filler material, and temperature dependence were studied using an apparatus that was part of L.I.C.H.E.N (LabVIEW Integrated Conduction Heat Experiment Network), a setup whose basic components allow three vertically stacked samples to be thermally and mechanically controlled. Knowing the temperature profile in the upper and lower samples allows for determination of thermal conductivity of the middle material through the use of Fourier?s law. The numbers of layers investigated were two, four, six, and eight, with each separated by a metallic liner. The filler materials included air, s15, s35 and s60HS 3MTM hollow glass microspheres. The experiments were conducted at four temperatures of 300, 330, 366, and 400K with an interface pressure of 20 Psi. The experimental results indicated the ?number of layers? used was the primary factor in determining the effective thermal conductivity value. The addition of hollow glass microspheres as filler material resulted in statistically insignificant changes in effective thermal conductivity. Increasing the number of wire mesh layers resulted in a corresponding increase in effective thermal conductivity of the insulation. Changes in temperature had little to no effect on thermal conductivity. The effective thermal conductivity values for the proposed insulation structure ranged from 0.22 to 0.65 W/m-K, the lowest of which came from the two layer case having air as filler material. The uncertainties associated with the experimental results fell between 10 to 20 percent in all but a few cases. In the best performing cases, when compared with existing insulation technologies, thermal conductivity was approximately 3 to 10 times higher than these methods of insulation. Thus, the proposed insulation scheme with hollow glass-sphere filler material does not represent superior technology, and would be deemed uncompetitive with those readily available in the insulation market.
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Wu, Jin-Rong, and 吳進榮. "Conjugated Heat Transfer Analysis of Wall Conduction and Mixed Convection for Non-Newtonian Fluids over Vertical Slender Hollow Cylinders." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19517362403370081710.

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碩士
明志科技大學
機電工程研究所
101
In this thesis, the steady laminar convective heat transfer of non-Newtonian fluids flowing over a vertical slender hollow cylinder has been investigated. By considering the interaction between wall conduction and mixed convection, an analysis is presented to study the conjugate heat transfer characteristics. In addition, the power-law model is used for non-Newtonian fluids with exponent n < 1 for pseudoplastics fluids, n = 1 for Newtonian fluids, n > 1 for dilatant fluids. A conjugate heat transfer parameter is proposed as control indicators to show the impact of the wall heat conduction. The coordinates and dependent variables are transformed to yield computationally efficient numerical solutions. The effects of the conjugate heat transfer parameter, the buoyancy parameter, the curvature parameter and the Prandtl number on the fluid fields and the thermal fields, so that the skin friction group and the heat transfer group will be discussed in depth.
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Lee, wang-jing, and 李婉君. "A study on the sayings related to women in Holo Taiwanese was conducted." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80448322722985049776.

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碩士
國立彰化師範大學
國文學系在職進修專班
91
A study on the sayings related to women in Holo Taiwanese was conducted. Material was focused on the Holo Taiwanese sayings widely spreading in the society of Taiwan and the progress of females was explored. There were two purposes of this study. One is to recognize the contributions made by females to the family and the society and to allow women to have a stage of their own history. The other purpose is to present the irrational bondage and shackles that imprison the thoughts and abilities of women in a traditional paternal society of “esteeming males and humbling females” for a lesson to general public. It is expected that every woman can maintain her own dignity, dare to pursue self-realization and create a sky that belongs to herself exclusively from now on. There are five chapters in this thesis. The first chapter, Introduction, explains the motif and methods of research and introduces special books and dissertations related to Holo Taiwanese sayings. The author tries to divide the roles played by a woman through her life into a girl, a wife, a newly-wedded woman, a mother, a ‘everybody’ and other minor characters through the Holo Taiwanese sayings related to women in the second chapter, Life of a Woman. It is expected that the roles and status of females on early days can be futher studied. The third chapter is Analysis of Figure of Speech in Holo Taiwanese Sayings. The rhetoric style in Rhetoric by Huang, Ching-hsuan was based and other rhetoric books were also referred. It is expected that the pattern, content and poetic beauty of Holo Taiwanese sayings can be revealed from the perspective of rhetoric. The fourth chapter is Exploration of Female Status. The reasons of a low status and methods of status promotion for females in early periods are discussed and explored for a reference of sex equality in the modern society. The fifth chapter is Conclusion. On one hand, corrections of studies on female sayings are made and on the other hand, aesthetic and interest of Holo Taiwanese proverbs are rhetorically appreciated. At last, limitations of research in this thesis were presented for the direction of follow-up improvements.
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Books on the topic "Hollow conductor"

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Hollo allŭn pʻulliptŭl ŭi iyagi. Taejŏn-si: Namnyŏk, 1988.

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The bells of victory: The Pitt-Newcastle ministry and the conduct of the Seven Years' War, 1757-1762. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

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Wolf Hollow. Thorndike Press, 2020.

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Wolk, Lauren. Wolf Hollow. Listening Library (Audio), 2016.

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Wolk, Lauren. Wolf Hollow. Corgi Childrens, 2016.

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Wolf Hollow. Dutton Children's Books an imprint of Penguin Random House, 2016.

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An investigation of conducted and radiated emissions from a hollow cathode plasma contactor: Annual report. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Hollow conductor"

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Bashkov, V., and A. Tchernomorov. "Solutions of Maxwell Equations for a Hollow Curved Wave Conductor." In The Present Status of the Quantum Theory of Light, 159–63. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5682-0_16.

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Wu, Peng Yue, Yu Cai Wu, Shui Sheng Xie, Guo Jie Huang, and Lei Cheng. "Numerical Simulation on Conform Process of Aluminum Alloy Rectangular Hollow Conductor." In Materials Science Forum, 735–40. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-432-4.735.

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Kaya, Ahmet, and Orhan Aydin. "Combined Effect of Viscous Dissipation on the Coupling of Conduction and Mixed Convection Along a Vertical Slender Hollow Cylinder." In Progress in Exergy, Energy, and the Environment, 595–607. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04681-5_56.

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Volkov, A. F., L. B. Dinaburg, and V. V. Kalinin. "SIMULATION OF HELIUM PRESSURE RISE IN HOLLOW CONDUCTOR IN CASE OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LOSS." In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Cryogenic Engineering Conference Southampton, UK, 12–15 July 1988, 922–26. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-408-01259-1.50178-9.

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Kerr, Selina E. M. "“What We Need Is Bullet Control”." In Handbook of Research on Mass Shootings and Multiple Victim Violence, 432–46. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0113-9.ch024.

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Following high-profile mass shootings in the United States, there are policy debates about gun regulation; yet, for the most part, these stall. This chapter suggests that an alternative way to frame this issue would be through “bullet control,” centering on the ammunition used. In order to inflict the greatest degree of damage possible, mass shooters tend to carry large quantities of bullets and large-capacity magazines with them. Harm-inducing bullets, such as hollow-points which penetrate certain parts of the body, have been used in previous mass shootings. Policy proposals could center on these areas to reduce harm in a mass shooting. Another regulation could focus on mandating background checks for ammunition. Interviews were conducted with six participants with knowledge of gun policies and/or gun violence prevention advocacy. Findings from interviews indicate support for these policy proposals. Discussed are ways to increase public support for these proposals via framing strategies. Also deliberated is whether the current political climate is conducive to pass legislation.
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Mosaad, Mohammed. "INVERSE PROBLEM OF STEADY-STATE, TWO-DIMENSIONAL HEAT CONDUCTION IN A HOLLOW CYLINDER WALL, THEORY AND APPLICATIONS." In Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics 1993, 683–90. Elsevier, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-81619-1.50081-2.

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Jolivet, Jean-Pierre. "Nanomaterials: Specificities of Properties and Synthesis." In Metal Oxide Nanostructures Chemistry. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190928117.003.0004.

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The concept of material concerns matter in solid state that is endowed with usable properties for practical applications. It is indeed in the solid state that matter exhibits the highest mechanical strength and chemical inertness, providing solidity and sustainability because the solid is based on an extended stiff crystalline framework. It is also in the solid state that many properties exist, including optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, providing great technological progress. A typical example is electronics which owes its enormous development to doped silicon. A material may therefore be defined as a useful solid. The properties of a solid depend directly on its chemical composition, crystalline and electronic structures, texture, as well as morphology and casting. This last point, which is often neglected, is illustrated by amorphous silica glass, which is used largely for its properties such as chemical inertness, mechanical strength, optical transparency, and low thermal and electrical conductivities. These various properties are highlighted through the many possibilities of casting and shaping: flat glass (optical transparency for glazing); hollow glass (chemical inertness and mechanical strength for bottling); short fibers (glass wool for heat insulation) and long fibers (optical fibers); massive pieces (insulators for electric power lines); and thin films (insulating layers for miniaturized electronics). Metal oxides exhibit a wide range of exploitable properties useful for innumerable applications. Silica, SiO2, as flat glass, has excellent optical properties, but other oxides such as LiNbO3 and KTiOPO4 exhibit interesting nonlinear optical properties, allowing changes in the wavelength of the transmitted light. Certain oxides are good electrical insulators (SiO2), but others are true elec­tronic conductors (VO2, NaxWO3), ionic conductors (β-alumina NaAl11O17, NaSiCON Na3Zr2PSi2O12, yttria-stabilized cubic zirconia Zr1–xYxO2–x/ 2), and also superconductors (cuprates such as YBa2Cu3O7–x and Bi4Sr3Ca3Cu4O16+x). Compounds such as BaTiO3, PbZr1–xTixO3, and PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 are ferroelectric solids used largely as miniaturized electronic components, whereas spinel ferrite γ-Fe2O3, barium hexaferrite BaFe12O19, and garnet Y3Fe5O12 are more or less coercive ferrimagnetic solids used in magnetic recording or as permanent magnets.
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Falk, Louis K., Hy Sockel, and Kuanchin Chen. "An Examination of Website Usability." In Encyclopedia of Multimedia Technology and Networking, Second Edition, 533–38. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-014-1.ch071.

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Strictly speaking, the term Usability has evolved from ease of use to also include design and presentation aspects. A large amount of research has been conducted using this wider definition. These studies include everything from model development (Cunliffe, 2000), to personal self image on Web sites (Dominick, 1999), to the purpose of a Web site (Falk, 2000; Neilsen, 1999, 2000), and to Web site effectiveness (Briggs & Hollis, 1997; Fichter, 2005). Ultimately, these topics are related to Usability and the success that a Web site enjoys. The construct of Usability covers a range of topics. This article specifically addresses Web Usability from the perspective of how easy a system is to learn, remember, and use (Rosen, Purinton, & Lloyd, 2004). The system features should emphasize subjective satisfaction (Cheung & Lee, 2005), low error rate, and high task performance (Calongne, 2001). In this regard, Usability is a combination of the underlying (hypermedia) system engine and the contents and structure of the document, and how these two elements fit together (Lu & Yeung, 1998).
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Drąg, Marcin. "Rozwój przestrzeni liturgicznej kościołów franciszkańskich od XIII do XVIII wieku." In Przestrzeń liturgiczna. Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/9788374387828.05.

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Development of liturgical space in Franciscan churches between 13thand 18th centuries The aim of this writing is to show changes which took place in sacral space of Fran-ciscan temples. At first Friars Minor Conventual were occupying small, abandoned churches. There they found their space for prayer. However, the first generation of Marcin Drąg OFMConv98 the followers of St. Francis did not possess their own sacral area. Instead, they were only its users.Letters of the order’s founder are clearly defining sensitivity connected with cult which all members of the order should possess. Therefore emerges a need of sacral space’s arrangement just in the first decades of the order. Thanks to papal privileges and a demand for ceremonial celebration of liturgy, Franciscan churches are equipped with choirs, lecterns and all paraments needed. This fact is affirmed by Ordinationes(the Franciscan liturgical statutes).The 1260 Narbonne constitutions defined a plan for sacral space of Franciscan churches. It was based on order’s spirituality. The crucified Saviour is put in the middle of this plan. His sacrifice is being re-lived in the mystery of the Holly Mass. Virgin Mary and Saint John the Apostle are participating in this sacrifice as represent-atives of the Church, while Saint Francis and Saint Anthony are representing people redempted with Christ’s blood. By following Jesus, they have received a prize of His eternal companion in heavenly glory.Simultaneously with arrangement of God’s service in conventual churches, friars are becoming more open to fraternity, which determine later arrangements in space of Franciscan churches. Many churches has become places of relics worship and important shrines, with Assisi and Padua among others. Spirituality of the Order and devotion of people have led to creation of side chapels and altars which were spon-sored by benefactors, who received Holly Masses, celebrated for them, and pastoral care in exchange.The 1632 constitutions of Pope Urban the 8th together with order’s etiquette from 1759 are re-affirming the original message of Franciscan temples. It is based on mys-teries of salvation which are represented by the crucified Jesus Christ, the Immaculate Conception of Virgin Mary and Franciscan Saints who with their lives example have shown a way to glory. The idea of Franciscan devotion is represented in dedicated altars and ceremonial processions.In modern age, churches of Friars Minor Conventual were constantly influenced by changes of Renaissance (15th century) and Baroque (from 18th century), which composition was totally different from Gothic. However, despite some architectural changes, the Franciscan idea of devotion, which was included in the plan of churches, has remained the same.The analysis of sacral space in Franciscan churches which has been conducted in this article heads to a conclusion of constant development of Franciscan churches interiors. The changes which took place during 13th and 18th centuries were dictated by evolution of order’s spirituality and needs of believers.
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Tyc, Vida L. "Prevention and Cessation of Tobacco Use and Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke." In Comprehensive Handbook of Childhood Cancer and Sickle Cell Disease. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195169850.003.0029.

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Tobacco use remains the single most important preventable cause of premature death and disability in the United States and is a critical health issue for our nation’s youths. Cigarette smoking is the most common form of tobacco use among adolescents (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2001), with over 90% of adult smokers initiating smoking at or before age 19 years (Mowery, Brick, & Farrelly, 2000). Consequently, reduction of tobacco use during adolescence is especially critical before lifelong smoking habits are established. Current national health objectives for children and adolescents focus on reducing health risks related to tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2000). Specific objectives include reducing the initiation of tobacco use among children and adolescents, reducing their average age of first use of tobacco products, increasing cessation attempts by current smokers, and reducing the proportion of children who are regularly exposed to tobacco smoke in the home. These health objectives are especially important for children and adolescents with cancer, who may be at even greater risk than their healthy peers for tobacco-related health problems because of their compromised health status (Hollen & Hobbie, 1996). Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has similar serious consequences for the child with cancer (Alligne & Stoddard, 1997; Cook & Strachan, 1999). Interventions that attempt to prevent, reduce, or terminate tobacco use and ETS exposure could therefore contribute to a decrease in the morbidity and mortality of patients treated for cancer. This chapter reviews the prevalence of tobacco use, the magnified health effects associated with tobacco use, and some of the correlates associated with tobacco use among young patients treated for cancer. We also describe tobacco interventions that have been conducted with this population and discuss how health care providers involved in the treatment or long-term care of childhood cancer patients can assist their high-risk patients in making healthy lifestyle choices, including the decision to abstain from, reduce, or quit smoking and to avoid environmental tobacco exposures. Tobacco use is a significant behavioral health problem that poses serious health risks for young patients treated for cancer.
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Conference papers on the topic "Hollow conductor"

1

Wu Yucai, Huang Guojie, Xie Shuisheng, Wu Pengyue, and Yan Ming. "Numerical simulation of continuous extrusion forming of hollow copper conductor." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering (MACE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5988782.

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2

Svoboda, Robert, Claudio Picech, and Herbert Hehs. "Experiences With Stainless Steel Hollow Conductors for Generator Stator Water Cooling." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52155.

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Copper is a traditional material for hollow conductors used in generator stator water cooling. However, stainless steel is a promising and proven alternative for use as hollow conductor material. In 30 years of industry experience, no failures were encountered related to cooling water chemistry with this material. This paper describes the history, electrical and mechanical considerations, water chemistry and materials behavior, and experience with stainless steel hollow conductors. Recommendations are provided on use of high purity water with no restriction on oxygen content.
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3

Wen, Z., L. Ruan, and G. Gu. "Optimum Design of Hollow Conductor in Stator Winding for Large Evaporative Hydro-generator." In 2006 5th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipemc.2006.297068.

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4

Wen, Z., L. Ruan, and G. Gu. "Optimum Design of Hollow Conductor in Stator Winding for Large Evaporative Hydro-generator." In 2006 CES/IEEE 5th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ipemc.2006.4777971.

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5

Wang Lihui, Li Junqing, and Zhang Xiaorong. "Thermal analysis on the stator of turbo-generators with hollow sub-conductor blockage." In 2007 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icems12746.2007.4411970.

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6

Haihong, Dong, Ruan Lin, Fu Deping, and Guo Jianhong. "Research on a new equivalent diameter for predicting pressure drop in hollow conductor in evaporative cooling generator." In 2011 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icems.2011.6073694.

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7

Svoboda, Matthias, and Robert Svoboda. "Operation and Maintenance Solutions for Generator Water Cooling." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54555.

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Plugging of copper hollow conductors in water cooled generators is an issue occasionally encountered in large nuclear, fossil and hydro powered power plants, causing load limitations or even unplanned shut-down. A response is the proper choice of stator water chemistry and of the purification systems. The common water chemistry regimes are with low or high oxygen content, and neutral or alkaline pH in the stator water. All these regimes have proven to work in the field, but none is without problems. This can be due to various causes. There is one common trait however: problems arise when the system is being exposed for any length of time to a regime it was not designed for. Stainless steel hollow conductors have only simple requirements on water chemistry. Hollow conductor plugging can lead to overheating and possibly to catastrophic failure, so swift action to remedy the situation is recommended. There are several options. Hot reverse flush can remove debris and temporarily open up the plugs, and mechanical cleaning can open totally blocked hollow conductors. There are several methods for chemical cleaning, the most common being different forms of acid cleaning and EDTA cleaning. The former has the disadvantage of dissolving base metal and brazing as well as the oxides, while the latter method manipulates less aggressive substances that only dissolve the copper oxides in the system.
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8

Liu Feihui, Ruan Lin, Li Zhenguo, and Guo Shuqin. "The calculation on the coolant dryness of the hollow conductor outlet in the evaporative cooling system of the hydro-generator." In 2013 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icems.2013.6754548.

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9

Kaliberda, M. E., S. A. Pogarsky, and V. A. Belousov. "The parameters of filters based on a system of slots in the hollow inner conductor of a coaxial waveguide with parallel genetic algorithm optimization." In 2013 International Kharkov Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves (MSMW). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msmw.2013.6622094.

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10

Bauer, Thomas, Mat Svoboda, and Russell J. Chetwynd. "Stator Cooling Water System Instrumentation." In ASME 2015 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2015-49075.

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Large turbo- and hydro-generators are directly cooled with high purity water for efficient heat transfer from the coils. Plant operators, engineers and chemists don’t get a lot of experience with troubleshooting, as operation can be trouble free for decades. However, when a problem arises, it can happen rapidly. The reason is often plugging of the stator cooling water system (SCWS) copper hollow conductors. This can result in forced outages or major generator failures and can occur within weeks — or years — after first indication. Thus, proper instrumentation will support plants to early detect a malfunctioning cooling water system and can provide sufficient time to take effective corrective actions. The focus is on how both the SCWS and its internal instrumentation, along with enhanced monitoring techniques, can help facilitate a more proactive approach to manage corrosion effects such as hollow conductor plugging. Different basic OEM supplied instrumentation for both high- and low-oxygen systems are discussed and benefits thereof are outlined as well as “state-of-the-art” instrumentation is presented. Industry examples are demonstrating the benefit of proper instrumentation as early detection of copper oxide plugging prevented power plants from forced outages and costly rewinds. Subsequently, full cooling capacity was restored by online removal of the copper oxides.
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