To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Holy cows.
Journal articles on the topic 'Holy cows'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Holy cows.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
van Praag, H. M. "On holy cows and golden calves." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 15, no. 1 (February 2003): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-5215.2003.00005.x.
Full text
2
Luft, Friedrich C. "The ?holy cows? of Ole F�rgeman:." Journal of Molecular Medicine 82, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00109-004-0524-5.
Full text
3
Attanasio, Orazio, and Britta Augsburg. "Holy Cows or Cash Cows? The Economic Return to Livestock in Rural India." Economic Development and Cultural Change 66, no. 2 (January 2018): 307–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/695138.
Full text
4
Reddy, Rajyashree N. "OF HOLY COWS AND UNHOLY POLITICS : Dalits, Annihilation and More‐than‐Human Urban Abolition Ecologies." International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 45, no. 4 (July 2021): 643–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2427.13028.
Full text
5
Sharma, Kennedy, Schuetze, and Phillips. "The Welfare of Cows in Indian Shelters." Animals 9, no. 4 (April 16, 2019): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9040172.
Full textAbstract:
Cow shelters (gaushalas) are unique traditional institutions in India, where aged, infertile, diseased, rescued, and abandoned cows are sheltered for the rest of their life, until they die of natural causes. These institutions owe their existence to the reverence for the cow as a holy mother goddess for Hindus, the majority religion in India. There is a religious and legal prohibition on cow slaughter in most Indian states. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the welfare of cows in these shelters, which included the development of a welfare assessment protocol, based on direct animal-based measurements, indirect resource-based assessments, and description of the herd characteristics by the manager. A total of 54 cow shelters in 6 states of India were studied and 1620 animals were clinically examined, based on 37 health, welfare, and behavior parameters. Thirty resources provided to the animals, including housing, flooring, feeding, watering, ease of movement, cleanliness of facilities, lighting, temperature, humidity, and noise levels in the sheds were measured. The study showed that the shelters contained mostly non-lactating cows, with a mean age of 11 years. The primary welfare problems appeared to be different to those in Western countries, as the major issues found in the shelters were facility-related—the low space allowance per cow, poor quality of the floors, little freedom of movement, and a lack of pasture grazing. Very few cows were recorded as lame, but about one half had carpal joint hair loss and swelling, and slightly less had lesions from interacting with shelter furniture. Some shelters also had compromised biosecurity and risks of zoonosis. These issues need to be addressed to aid in ensuring the acceptability of these institutions to the public. This welfare assessment protocol aims to address the welfare issues and problems in the shelters, by providing feedback for improvement to the stakeholders.
6
Iversen, Hans Raun. "Kirkebygninger i religionsmodellens grænseflade. Mellem fælles kulturarv og folkekirkeligt magtmonopol." Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift, no. 62 (November 20, 2015): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/rt.v0i62.22567.
Full textAbstract:
The organization and work of The Danish National Church form the core of the Danish model of religion. One might, therefore, think that this would also include the church buildings used by the church. I argue that the church buildings used by The National Church and especially the pre-Reformation buildings are placed in the borderland of the Danish model of religion, since they belong to the common cultural heritage although they are administered by the church. I analyze the historically conditioned ownership followed by an outline of the interpretations of the buildings endorsed by respectively the official church and its members. The special situation pertinent to the church buildings of Copenhagen is described before the final analysis of the principles underlying the decision by the Minister of Cultural Affairs on the bishop’s suggestion to close down 14 churches in Copenhagen in 2013. I conclude that church buildings in Denmark hold a status similar to holy cows in India.Folkekirkens organisation og virksomhed udgør den danske religionsmodels kerneområde. Herudfra slutter man let, at det også må gælde de kirkebygninger, som folkekirken gør brug af. Det er denne artikels tese, at folkekirkens kirkebygninger, og særligt den dominerende del af dem, som er bygget før reformationen, hører hjemme i den danske religionsmodels grænseflade. Dette fordi de tilhører den fælles kulturarv, selv om de er undergivet folkekirkelig administration. Artiklen beskriver først bygningernes historisk betingede ejendomsretlige status, dernæst den folkelige og kirkelige tolkning af bygningerne, og endelig redegøres der for de særlige forhold omkring kirkerne i København. Til sidst analyseres de principielle retningslinjer om kirkebygninger, der kommer til orde gennem Kulturministerens afgørelse af 14 kirkelukningssager i Københavns Stift i 2013. Konklusionen lyder, at kirkebygningernes status i Danmark er sammenlignelig med de hellige køers status i Indien
7
Arukask, Madis. "The materiality of the letter in Seto oral culture." Multilingua 40, no. 4 (May 31, 2021): 537–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/multi-2020-0067.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This article focuses on the concept of letter in oral folklore. The main research material is examples from the older folk songs of Seto, where a letter, a book and other items referring to literacy are mentioned. Texts under consideration are poetical and the meaning conveyed in them is not always very clear. The term letter may be related to a message, paper, book, leaf or other material medium in the songs. The boundary between oracy and literacy is therefore thin, given that letters and writing are often imagined and conveyed in a physical context. Literacy in Seto folk songs is sometimes reflected as part of mythological knowledge and a mythological worldview. The written text or objects carrying it may have magical power. In some songs the writing can also be found on plants, which is interesting from a cross-cultural perspective. Similar motives from the folklore and beliefs of other peoples have been used comparatively to understand the content of the songs under consideration. The song of heavenly cows eating holy plants offers an opportunity to draw intercultural parallels and raises the question about the ethnogenesis of the Seto and their relatedness to different Eurasian peoples further to the east.
8
Donoghue, Mandana, Amit Chawla, and KP Mohan. "CANCER STEM CELLS: HAVE WE FOUND THE HOLY GRAIL OF ONCOLOGY?" CODS Journal of Dentistry 3, no. 1 (2011): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/cods-3-1-46.
Full text
9
Yuskiv, L. L., V. V. Vlizlo, and N. R. Motko. "D-vitamin status of cattle depending on the conditions of detention and physiological state." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 21, no. 96 (December 14, 2019): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9622.
Full textAbstract:
The article contains data on the content of the active metabolite of vitamin D3 – 25-OHD3, the concentration of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the blood of lactating cows in different periods of keeping. The experiment was performed by the method of periods on the cows-analogues for the 4th month of lactation. Cows are divided into three groups of five heads, each depending on the sampling period: winter stall (January), summer pasture (July) and autumn stall (October) for one year. The blood for tests was collected from the jugular vein before morning feeding in winter-stall, summer-pasture, and autumn-stall hold periods. The composition and nutrition of the diets of cows were also analyzed. Changes in the content of 25-OHD3 in the blood of cows were determined depending on the season and conditions of keeping. The lowest level of 25-OHD3 was in the winter-stall holding period and was 22.38 ± 3.58 nmol/l and the highest was in the summer pasture. In the autumn-stall period, the level of 25-OНD3 decreased relative to the summer pasture, but was higher than in the winter-stall (P < 0.05). The total calcium content of the serum of cows was highest in the summer pasture and winter-stallion periods and was, respectively, 2.96 and 2.90 mmol/l. In the autumn-stalling period, the total calcium content decreased and was significantly lower compared to the summer pasture period (P < 0.05). Changes in the total calcium content of cows' blood during different retention periods were due to changes in its fractions. The activity of total alkaline phosphatase and its bone isoenzyme in the blood of cows at 4 months of lactation varied in contrast to the content of 25-OНD3.
10
Yildirim, Onur, Matteo Bonomo, Nadia Barbero, Cesare Atzori, Bartolomeo Civalleri, Francesca Bonino, Guido Viscardi, and Claudia Barolo. "Application of Metal-Organic Frameworks and Covalent Organic Frameworks as (Photo)Active Material in Hybrid Photovoltaic Technologies." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 5602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215602.
Full textAbstract:
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are two innovative classes of porous coordination polymers. MOFs are three-dimensional materials made up of secondary building blocks comprised of metal ions/clusters and organic ligands whereas COFs are 2D or 3D highly porous organic solids made up by light elements (i.e., H, B, C, N, O). Both MOFs and COFs, being highly conjugated scaffolds, are very promising as photoactive materials for applications in photocatalysis and artificial photosynthesis because of their tunable electronic properties, high surface area, remarkable light and thermal stability, easy and relative low-cost synthesis, and structural versatility. These properties make them perfectly suitable for photovoltaic application: throughout this review, we summarize recent advances in the employment of both MOFs and COFs in emerging photovoltaics, namely dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) organic photovoltaic (OPV) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). MOFs are successfully implemented in DSSCs as photoanodic material or solid-state sensitizers and in PSCs mainly as hole or electron transporting materials. An innovative paradigm, in which the porous conductive polymer acts as standing-alone sensitized photoanode, is exploited too. Conversely, COFs are mostly implemented as photoactive material or as hole transporting material in PSCs.
11
Gill, M., P. H. Robinson, and J. J. Kennelly. "Diurnal patterns in rumen volume and composition of digesta flowing into the duodenum." Animal Science 69, no. 1 (August 1999): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800051274.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractRate of passage of digesta out of the rumen is generally assumed to follow first order kinetics but this assumption may not hold within 24-h feeding cycles. Four lactating cows offered a mixed forage/concentrate diet ad libitum from 08.00 h to 00.00 h and a protein-rich meal at either 08.30 or 00.30 h were used to investigate diurnal patterns in rumen volume and composition of digesta flowing into the duodenum. Cows were fitted with large rumen cannulae to permit complete emptying of rumen digesta and T-piece duodenal cannulae with inserts to enable collection of representative samples of digesta. Chromium-mordanted lucerne hay manually dosed to the rumen at 2-h intervals and a continuous infusion of cobalt-EDTA were used as digesta flow markers. Duodenal digesta was sampled over three alternate days to obtain samples representing every hour of the 24-h day, which were analysed individually. Use of either of the two markers gave similar results for mean daily flow but not for hourly flow and thus hourly flow data were not considered reliable. The content of crude protein in duodenal digesta varied within one feeding cycle from 200 to 320 g/kg in cows offered protein at 08.30 (‘day’) and from 240 to 300 in cows offered protein at 00.30 h (‘night’). On a daily basis, fractional passage rates (calculated from duodenal flow divided by rumen pool size) were significantly (P = 0·016) lower for protein for ‘night’ (0·0750 per h) versus ‘day’ (0·0824 per h) cows. The observation that marked diurnal patterns in the composition of protein flowing into the duodenum can apparently be ‘smoothed’ simply by altering feeding sequence, which was correlated with an increased milk fat yield, suggests there is potential for improving production through manipulating the way in which dietary components are offered within a day.Rate of passage of digesta out of the rumen is generally assumed to follow first order kinetics but this assumption may not hold within 24-h feeding cycles. Four lactating cows offered a mixed forage/concentrate diet ad libitum from 08.00 h to 00.00 h and a protein-rich meal at either 08.30 or 00.30 h were used to investigate diurnal patterns in rumen volume and composition of digesta flowing into the duodenum. Cows were fitted with large rumen cannulae to permit complete emptying of rumen digesta and T-piece duodenal cannulae with inserts to enable collection of representative samples of digesta. Chromium-mordanted lucerne hay manually dosed to the rumen at 2-h intervals and a continuous infusion of cobalt-EDTA were used as digesta flow markers. Duodenal digesta was sampled over three alternate days to obtain samples representing every hour of the 24-h day, which were analysed individually. Use of either of the two markers gave similar results for mean daily flow but not f or hourly flow and thus hourly flow data were not considered reliable. The content of crude protein in duodenal digesta varied within one feeding cycle from 200 to 320 glkg in cows offered protein at 08.30 day’) and from 240 to 300 in cows offered protein at 00.30 h (‘night’). On a daily basis, fractional passage rates (calculated from duodenal flow divided by rumen pool size) were significantly (? = 0·016) lower for protein for ‘night’ (0·0750 per h) versus ‘day’ (0·0824 per h) cows. The observation that marked diurnal patterns in the composition of protein flowing into the duodenum can apparently be ‘smoothed’ simply by altering feeding sequence, which was correlated with an increased milk fat yield, suggests there is potential for improving production through manipulating the way in which dietary components are offered within a day.
12
Turner, Natalie, Pevindu Abeysinghe, Pawel Sadowski, and Murray D. Mitchell. "Exosomal Cargo May Hold the Key to Improving Reproductive Outcomes in Dairy Cows." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042024.
Full textAbstract:
The reproductive status of dairy cows remains a challenge for dairy farmers worldwide, with impaired fertility linked to a significant reduction in herd profitability, due in part to impaired immunity, increased metabolic pressure, and longer postpartum anestrous interval (PPAI). Exosomes are nanovesicles released from a variety of cell types and end up in circulation, and carry proteins, bioactive peptides, lipids, and nucleic acids specific to the place of origin. As such, their role in health and disease has been investigated in humans and animals. This review discusses research into exosomes in the context of reproduction in dairy herds and introduces recent advances in mass-spectrometry (MS) based proteomics that have a potential to advance quantitative profiling of exosomal protein cargo in a search for early biomarkers of cattle fertility.
13
Stockdale, C. R. "Influence of milking frequency on the productivity of dairy cows." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 7 (2006): 965. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05308.
Full textAbstract:
Benefits and issues of changing milking frequency from the traditional twice a day are reviewed. Increased efficiency through dairy automation and mechanisation, and the desire to utilise advances in genetic selection, have made milking more frequently than twice a day an attractive option for some farmers. The size of the response to increased milking frequency appeared not to be related to existing milk yield, with the average response to increasing the frequency from 2 to 3 times a day being 3.5–3.8 kg/day. Labour is the single most important cost associated with the decision to increase milking frequency. For this reason, automated milking systems may hold the key to the long-term profitability of challenging cows to produce to their genetic potential. In contrast, reducing milking frequency to once a day has been used to reduce stress on underfed cows or for lifestyle and/or labour considerations. Short-term experiments indicate an average production loss of 21% for once daily relative to twice daily milking. Full lactation experiments suggest greater losses of 35–50%, but there is evidence that cows can adapt to longer milking intervals and this, coupled with increased stocking rate and care to maximise milk removal, may restrict yield losses to less than 10% on a whole-farm basis.
14
Goncharenko, I. V., and S. I. Grishko. "SOME ASPECTS OF AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITIONS ORGANIZATION OF BREEDING CATTLE." Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine, no. 125 (2021): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.32900/2312-8402-2021-125-91-106.
Full textAbstract:
The article provides an overview of trade fairs for breeding cows at the international and regional levels in a historical context. The purpose of such exhibitions is an exchange of practical experience in breeding cattle of various breeds, promotion of selection achievements of the best farm businesses, identification of champion cows based on comprehensive assessment. An animal exhibition is also a show consisting of various entertainments, contests, including events for children. This is a place for spending time with one’s family, for communication, having meals, buying souvenirs, etc. The paper offers a description of the summarized experience accumulated and acquired at international cow exhibitions in foreign countries. Using “The Royal” exhibition as an example (Toronto, Ontario, Canada), an insight is provided into certain features of preparing cows for exhibition or subtle details of cow styling. It has become customary in Ukraine to hold Agroindustrial Exhibition in early June on the premises of the Expocentre of Ukraine, National Complex in Kyiv. One of the major events of this exhibition is the Animal EX display – demonstration and auction of breeding animals. CHAIKA State-Owned Company (Boryspil District, Kyiv Region) is a permanent participant in cow exhibitions. The article provides an analysis of milk productivity of show cows during higher lactation (both in the first 305 days of lactation and in the entire lactation period), including per generation, within a decade (2011-2019). In that period show animals also withdrew from the herd, so their lifetime production and breeding capacity were also assessed. It is concluded that cattle exhibitions are one of the main tools for selection and pedigree breeding. Such events are necessary for the successful development of dairy cattle breeding, for exchange of experience, development of new methods of selection, animal management and feeding technologies, an extension of the information field in that sphere.
15
Fekete, István, and Csaba Pléh. "“Don’t fool around with the cops”: Unidirectional and bidirectional comitative relations in language." Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 559–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/mpszle.66.2011.4.1.
Full textAbstract:
A dolgozat az egy- és kétirányú viszonyt kódoló szerkezetek feldolgozásával foglalkozik. A kétirányú (szimmetrikus) komitatív konstrukciók olyan eseményeket írnak le, amelyekben a két szereplő ugyanolyan mértékben érintett (példáulJános Marival csókolózott), az egyirányú (aszimmetrikus, instrumentális jellegű) komitatív szerkezetek esetén (példáulJános kikezdett Marival) viszont az egyik szereplő ágens (’János’), a másik pedigpáciens(’Mari’). Az önütemezett olvasási paradigmát használtuk annak kiderítésére, hogy a két szerkezet mennyiben más mentális reprezentációkat hív elő. Azt találtuk, hogy a szórend függvényében eltér a két konstrukció megértése, illetve az alanyra való visszautalás (anafora) feldolgozása. Eredményeink összességében arra mutatnak rá, hogy az egy- és kétirányú konstrukciók különböző mentális reprezentációkat hívnak elő automatikusan valós idejű nyelvi megértés során. Az eredményeket a szimulációs paradigma (Bergen, 2007) és a szituációs modell elmélet (Zwaan, Radvansky, 1998) keretein belül értelmezzük.
16
Patel, Shriji, and Paul Sternberg. "Face-Down Positioning Following Macular Hole Surgery: Pros and Cons." Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases 1, no. 5 (June 29, 2017): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2474126417715368.
Full text
17
Kiss, Katalin, and András Pintér. "Are bicycle helmets necessary for children? Pros and cons." Orvosi Hetilap 150, no. 24 (June 1, 2009): 1129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2009.28588.
Full textAbstract:
A magyarországi kerékpáros-halálesetek és a gyermekkori súlyos fejsérülések magas száma arra ösztönzött minket, hogy képet kapjunk a biciklis-bukósisak viselésének szükségességéről és fejsérülésekre kifejtett pozitív-negatív hatásairól gyermekkorban. Módszer: Nemzetközi és hazai kutatási eredményeket vettünk alapul a Medline, hivatalos statisztikai adatok és több külföldi balesetvédelmi szervezet vizsgálatainak felhasználásával. Eredmények: Már évtizedekkel ezelőtt bebizonyították a bukósisak súlyos fejsérüléseket mérséklő, halálos balesetek számát csökkentő hatását. Számos ország kötelezővé tette a fejvédő használatát, ami a halálozási és fejsérülési mutatók javulásához vezetett. Bebizonyították azt is, hogy a sisak csak akkor hatékony, ha viselője azt rendeltetésének megfelelően használja, különben a fejsérülés kockázata akár növekedhet is. A bizonyítékok ellenére napvilágra kerültek ellenzői érvek is, amelyek a sisak hatékonyságát megkérdőjelezik, sőt, kockázatnövelő hatásról számolnak be. Magyarországon a gyermekek csupán 8%-a visel rendszeresen sisakot biciklizéshez. Következtetések: Az irodalomban sokkal nagyobb számban találhatók a sisak hatékonyságát bizonyító tanulmányok. Ez a pozitív hatás azonban csak számos tényező együttes megléte esetén teljesül. Magyarországon is szükség van hatékony balesetvédelmi prevencióra, amelynek egyik módja a sisak megfelelő módon történő viselésének népszerűsítése.
18
Kaur, Rajveer, Dr Shaveta Rani, and Dr Paramjeet Singh. "Review of Acknowledgment Based Techniques for Detection of Black Hole/Gray Hole Attacks in MANETs." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 3 (May 30, 2013): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v5i3.3522.
Full textAbstract:
In Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) nodes communicate via wireless links, without any fixed infrastructure like base stations, central servers or mobile switching. Each node in MANET can act as a host or as a router. Due inherent characteristics like decentralization, self configuring, self -organizing networks, they can be deployed easily without need of expensive infrastructure and have wide range of military to civilian and commercial applications. But wireless medium, dynamically changing topology, limited battery and lack of centralized control in MANETs, make them vulnerable to various types of attacks. This paper focus on network layer packet dropping attacks – Black Hole & Gray Hole attacks in Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) based MANETs and discuss various pros and cons of acknowledgement based techniques for detection of above said attacks.
19
Luo, J., and S. Saggar. "Nitrous oxide and methane emissions from a dairy farm stand-off pad." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 2 (2008): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07242.
Full textAbstract:
Stand-off pads (purpose built, drained loafing areas to hold livestock during wet winter periods when it is not suitable to have them on pasture) are increasingly used in New Zealand to avoid damage to pasture and to reduce emissions of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitrate leaching. However, emissions of N2O and methane (CH4) also occur from stand-off pads. The objective of this study was to provide quantitative information on emission levels of N2O and CH4 from a stand-off pad. In this paper, we report the results of N2O and CH4 emissions measured over 3 months from a 300 m2 stand-off pad supporting 21 dairy cows. The stand-off pad consisted of screened crushed pine bark and sawdust. N2O fluxes from the stand-off pad were initially very low, but subsequently increased. The highest daily fluxes ~3 g N2O-N/300 m2.day were obtained in early July. Overall, 0.054 (± 0.018) kg N2O-N was emitted from the stand-off pad during the 3-month measurement period. These results suggest that only 0.01% of the excretal N deposited by the cows was emitted as N2O. Similar to N2O fluxes, initial CH4 emissions were very low. Methane fluxes became very high, reaching a peak value of 360 g CH4-C/300 m2.day in mid August after the cows ceased using the pad, and no flux measurements were made beyond this period. Overall, 3.0 (± 0.5) kg CH4-C was emitted during the 3-month period. This work shows that stand-off pads could be used to mitigate emissions of N2O and CH4 emanating from animal excretal deposition.
20
Bracknell, D. R. "The MIL-STD-1553B data bus: What does the future hold?" Aeronautical Journal 111, no. 1118 (April 2007): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000004486.
Full textAbstract:
Numerous military platforms (land, sea and air) feature serial data bus technology based on the US MIL-STD-1553B data bus standard for integration of their digital systems. Many of these platforms have 15-20 years of operational life remaining, but the installed 1553B data buses (data networks) having only a 1Mbit/sec transfer rate are unable to meet many of the future data networking requirements. Research into new, higher performance data networks has concentrated on modern alternatives with throughput increases of two to three orders of magnitude (100Mbit/sec to 1Gbit/sec). These are generally based on modern commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) standards, good examples being Ethernet and Fibre Channel. Some are already being employed in military platforms having been ruggedised for the harsh physical and electro-magnetic environment. However these COTS systems while being a natural choice for new platforms may not be cost effective for upgrading older platforms. This paper plots the history of MIL-STD-1553, possibly the most successful military platform standard of all time, and discusses some of the options for increasing its performance and economically extending its life into the future.
21
Pérez, Emiliano, Santiago Salamanca, Pilar Merchán, and Antonio Adán. "A comparison of hole-filling methods in 3D." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 885–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2016-0063.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper presents a review of the most relevant current techniques that deal with hole-filling in 3D models. Contrary to earlier reports, which approach mesh repairing in a sparse and global manner, the objective of this review is twofold. First, a specific and comprehensive review of hole-filling techniques (as a relevant part in the field of mesh repairing) is carried out. We present a brief summary of each technique with attention paid to its algorithmic essence, main contributions and limitations. Second, a solid comparison between 34 methods is established. To do this, we define 19 possible meaningful features and properties that can be found in a generic hole-filling process. Then, we use these features to assess the virtues and deficiencies of the method and to build comparative tables. The purpose of this review is to make a comparative hole-filling state-of-the-art available to researchers, showing pros and cons in a common framework.
22
Khomyn, N. M., A. R. Mysak, S. V. Tsisinska, V. V. Pritsak, N. V. Nazaruk, and Yu M. Lenjo. "Features of cows treatment with purulent pododermatitis complicated by keratomycetes." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 99 (October 28, 2020): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet9915.
Full textAbstract:
One of the main branches of agricultural production in Ukraine was and remains animal husbandry. Under modern conditions of cattle breeding, the hooves of cows deserve special attention of a veterinarian, which are often exposed to various adverse factors, which, for the most part, leads to the development of inflammatory processes in the area of the base of the sole skin, sometimes of septic genesis complicated by keratomycetes. It is known that for the treatment of orthopedically ill animals there is enough wide arsenal of medicinal substances and developed methods of therapy, however, most of the proposed means exhibit only antibacterial properties, act in the lesions superficially, poorly penetrate into the depths of the tissues and do not always give the desired result. Therefore, the aim of the work was to develop an effective method of treatment of such animals with the use of medicinal substances with a wide range of antibacterial, antimycotic action, which have the ability to penetrate into tissues and promote their regeneration. For research, two groups of cows were formed, 5 animals in each, selected on the principle of analogues in terms of the nature and location of the pathological process. For therapeutic purposes, the cows of both groups after anesthesia were corrective clearing, formed a funnel-shaped hole in the area of purulent pododermatitis and irrigated with 10 % hypertonic sodium chloride solution. On the affected area, the animals of the control group was applied a finely grated (separately) mixture of potassium permanganate and boric acid, and the control – a mixture of nanoclusters of aquachelates Ag, Cu, Zn, impregnated with a cotton swab and pantevenoli. A bandage and a protective cover were applied to the affected hooves of animals of both groups. It is defined that the proposed method of treatment makes it possible to promote the recovery of animals and reduce the treatment period by 6 days, confirmed by the results of clinical, biochemical, bacteriological, mycological and statistical studies.
23
Whitley, Travis, Andy Tomiczek, Chad Tripp, Andrew Ortega, Matlock Mennu, Jennifer Bridge, and Peter Ifju. "Design of a Small Unmanned Aircraft System for Bridge Inspections." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 5358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185358.
Full textAbstract:
Bridge inspections are an important procedure for maintaining the infrastructure vital to our economy and well-being. The current methodology of utilizing specialized equipment such as snooper trucks and scaffolding to support manned-inspections poses a significant financial cost, disrupts traffic, and is dangerous to the inspectors and public. The advent of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), more commonly called drones, presents a practical solution that promises reduced cost, enhanced safety, and is significantly less intrusive than previous methodologies. Current limitations in the implementation of UAS include the reliance on a skilled operator and/or the requirement for a UAS to operate in a cluttered, GPS-denied environment. A solution to these challenges is presented in this paper by utilizing commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware including laser rangefinders, optical flow sensors, and live video telemetry. Included in the system is the obstacle avoidance equipped drone and a ground station intended to be manned by a pilot and bridge inspector. The proposed custom-fabricated UAS was implemented during eight inspections of Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) bridges. The UAS was able to navigate under GPS-denied and obstacle-laden bridge decks with position-hold performance comparable to, if not better than, a COTS unit in an unobstructed environment. The position hold capability maintained an altitude of ±12.8 cm with a horizontal hold of ±435 cm. Details of the hardware, algorithm development, and suggestions for future research are discussed in this paper.
24
Aini, Sitti Nurul. "PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK KOTORAN SAPI DAN VOLUME AIR YANG BERBEDA DENGAN SISTEM IRIGASI TETES TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN MELON (CUCUMIS MELO L.) DI LAHAN TAILING." Jurnal Bioindustri 2, no. 2 (July 13, 2020): 453–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31326/jbio.v2i2.596.
Full textAbstract:
Post tin mining tailings land in Bangka Belitung Islands Province has an area of around 400 000 ha. In terms of area, the land has the potential to be used as cultivated land, one of which is melon. The aims of the study is to see the effect of cow manure fertilizer and drip irrigation water volume on melon plants growth in post tin mining tailings area. This research was conducted from June to August 2018 in the tailings area of Dewi Makmur Village, Merawang District, Bangka Regency. This experimental used a completely randomized design (CRD) factorial method. The first factor was cow manure with three levels (K1 = 2.5 kg/planting hole; K2 = 5 kg / planting hole; K3 = 7.5 kg / planting hole) and the second factor was drip irrigation volume (A1 = 800 ml; A2 = 1 500 ml). The results showed that giving cow manure and water irrigatian has no significant effect on melon plant height, stem diameter and number of leaves, but the treatment 7.5 kg of cow manure and 1 500 ml water gave results that tended to be better.
25
Preis, Kimberly A., George Seidel, and David K. Gardner. "Metabolic markers of developmental competence for in vitro-matured mouse oocytes." Reproduction 130, no. 4 (October 2005): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00831.
Full textAbstract:
In vitro maturation of oocytes has enormous potential in assisted reproductive technology, but its use has been limited due to insufficient knowledge of oocyte physiology during this dynamic period and lack of an adequate maturation system. The aim of this study was to characterize the metabolic profiles of three groups of oocytes throughout maturation: cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs), denuded oocytes, and denuded oocytes co-cultured with cumulus cells. Mouse oocytes were collected from 28-day-old unstimulated females and matured in a defined medium. Oocytes were matured individually and transferred into fresh 0.5 μl drops of medium at 4 h intervals until 16 h. Ultramicrofluorimetry was used to quantitate carbohydrate consumption from and metabolite release into the medium. Glucose consumption and lactate production of COCs increased (P < 0.001) over the maturation interval (0–16 h). Glucose consumption by COCs that subsequently fertilized was higher between 8–12 h of maturation than by COCs that did not fertilize (38 versus 29 pmol/COC per h, respectively; P < 0.01). Lactate production by COCs that subsequently fertilized was higher between 8–16 h of maturation, than by oocytes that did not fertilize (8–12 h, 66 versus 46 pmol/COC per h, P < 0.01; 12–16 h, 56 versus 40 pmol/COC per h, respectively; P < 0.05). These data indicate that the final hours of maturation may hold a unique marker of oocyte competence, as during this time fertilizable COCs take up more glucose and produce more lactate than those not subsequently fertilized.
26
Pishchan, I. S. "ADAPTIVE REACTION OF SWISS BREED COWS FOR THE NEW REGIME OF MILKING." Animal Breeding and Genetics 51 (March 28, 2018): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.51.43.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of our research is to establish adaptive response of lactating cows of Swiss breed by regime change of milking with the installation of "Parallel".
During milking of the Brown Swiss cows with using a milking machine, the hanger of the apparatus weights 2,1 kg with cylindrical rubber and with the size of vacuum – 42,5 kPa (basic mode), one-time milk yield is at the level of 12,8 kg, corresponding to the average level of cattle at the industrial complex. After replacing the parts of the milking machine, the weight of which increased slightly (80 g, 2,180 kg), with a trihedral rubber and calibrated hole in its head (the new regime), the value of one-time milk yield remains very high, though inferior to the basic level by 2,4%.
However, if fullness of milking the cows for the new regime is quite satisfactory, duration of milking points to the adaptive reaction to the new regime of milking. Thus, if milking duration was less than 4,7 minutes under the basic mode, then in the new mode it increased by 17,5 % (P <0,001). That is, although the admission of air in space under the teats in the open phase of the milking apparatus provides quick evacuation of milk in the collector of apparatus but it reduces the amount of liquefaction which slows down the process of excretion milk from teats of an udder.
Inadequate activity of milk output from an udder of the cows under the new regime of milking causes low intensity of milk output. Thus, if under the basic mode its average is 2,8 kg/min, then under the new regime it is less by 27,3% (P <0,001) and only 2,2 kg/min. The maximum intensity of milk output does not exceed 3 kg/min, which is lower by 43,3 % (P <0,001) compared with basic mode of milking.
Unsatisfactory indicators of functional activity of the cow’s udder indicate low values of excretion milk under the new regime of milking. Thus, under the base regime during the first minute of working the milking apparatus, cows’ udders are emptied from milk by 21,7%, whereas the figure is less by 20,6% and not more than 18% under the new regime. Inadequate emptying of cow’s udder from milk is observed within two minutes of milking under the new regime. So, for this period of time less than half an udder (43%) is emptied from milk, when this figure in the cows under the basic mode of milking is higher by 31,4 % (P <0, 001) and is an average of 62,7%.
During fifteen days under the new regime of milking, the cows are adapted for this regime, therefore the indicators of functional activity of an udder are improved. Thus, the average intensity of milk output reaches the level of 2,5 kg/min which exceeds the value of the third day of the new regime by 12 % (P <0,001). The maximum intensity of milk excretion increases to 3,4 kg/min which is higher by 11,8 % (P<0,001) than the value of the third day of the new regime of milking. At the same time, these indicators are inferior by 12 % (P <0,01) and 26,5 % (P <0,001) respectively compared with the base mode of milking.
Inadequate intensity of milk excretion of the Brown Swiss cows is the result of peculiarities of open phase of the milking apparatus by reducing the magnitude of the vacuum.
Increasing the vacuum of system by 2,5kPa improves the milk excretion. Average intensity of the milk excretion was at the level of 2,7 kg/min, which was 18,5 % (P <0,001) more than the indicator in system at vacuum of 42,5 kPa and almost exactly meets the basic mode of milking.
Adaptation of the cows was in the fact that the reaction of the functional activity of an udder corresponded to the gentle vacuum mode in the space under teats.
27
Silanikove, Nissim, Fira Shapiro, and Avi Shamay. "Use of an ion-selective electrode to determine free Ca ion concentration in the milk of various mammals." Journal of Dairy Research 70, no. 2 (May 2003): 241–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029903006083.
Full textAbstract:
Milk is a heterogeneous fluid in which the colloidal phase is homogeneously dispersed in the aqueous phase. Calcium is partitioned between the colloidal and aqueous phases and is in complex electrochemical equilibrium with several major milk components. In human and bovine milk, calcium is mainly distributed between the aqueous and casein micelle in the colloidal phases (Holt & Jenness, 1984; Neville et al. 1994). Caseins form a complex micelle structure that contains approximately 25000 phosphorylated monomers that react with calcium phosphate complexes in the milk to bind 20–40 mole calcium per mole casein (Holt & Jenness, 1984; Neville et al. 1994). Thus, the distribution of calcium between the colloidal and aqueous phases appears to be governed by the level of casein in the milk (Holt & Jenness, 1984; Neville et al. 1994). In human milk, the casein level is low; ∼25% of calcium is associated with casein, whereas in cows and goats the corresponding figure is higher at ∼65%. In rats, casein levels are among the highest in mammals and 95% of calcium is associated with casein (Neville et al. 1994). In the aqueous phase, calcium is divided among ionic calcium (Ca2+), calcium citrate and calcium phosphate. Calcium citrate and calcium phosphate constitute most of the aqueous calcium in bovine milk in contrast to less than 50% in human milk (Holt & Jenness, 1984; Neville et al. 1994). As the concentration of Ca2+ in milk appears to be essential in preserving the integrity of the mammary tight junctions during lactation (Neville & Peaker, 1981), it is important to follow its concentration precisely in mammary secretions in different stages of the reproduction cycle.
28
Salman, Seyhan, Xavier Sallenave, Audrius Bucinskas, Dmytro Volyniuk, Oleksandr Bezvikonnyi, Viktorija Andruleviciene, Juozas Vidas Grazulevicius, and Gjergji Sini. "Effect of methoxy-substitutions on the hole transport properties of carbazole-based compounds: pros and cons." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 31 (2021): 9941–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc02000e.
Full textAbstract:
The methoxy substituents in these compounds reduce the hole mobilities due to the enhanced molecular polarity, a detrimental effect which can be importantly reduced by designing linear D–A–D architectures.
29
Chaubal, S., J. Molina, C. Olrichs, L. Ferré, D. Faber, X. Tian, and X. Yang. "261DIFFERENT TRANSVAGINAL OVUM PICK-UP STRATEGIES TO OPTIMIZE THE OOCYTE RETRIEVAL AND EMBRYO PRODUCTION OVER A FIXED PERIOD OF TIME." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 2 (2004): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv16n1ab261.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of different oocyte retrieval schemes over a period of 10 weeks. Fifteen multiparous Angus cows were randomly assigned (n=3/group) to the following groups: 1) OPU once/week (7-day interval), 2) OPU twice/week (3- and 4-day interval, alternately), 3) Dominant follicle removal (DFR)+OPU once/week. DFR followed by OPU 72h later, 4) DFR+FSH+OPU once/week. DFR followed 36h later by FSH (Folltropin, Bioniche, Belleville, Ontario, Canada) (120mg s.c. and 80mg i.m. administered simultaneously) followed by OPU 48h later, 5) FSH+OPU twice/week. FSH followed by OPU1 30h later and OPU2 96h after OPU1. The interval between OPU2 and next FSH was approximately 42h. The follicles were aspirated using an Aloka ultrasound scanner (Wallingford, CT, USA) and a 5-MHz probe. The COCs were selected based on morphology and matured in TCM-199, supplemented with 10% FCS, 0.01 unitsmL−1 bFSH, 0.01 unitsmL−1 bLH and antibiotics. Fertilization (Day 0) was carried out with TALP-FERT medium containing capacitation factors. Frozen semen from the same bull was used (1×106mL−1) throughout. After 18h the presumptive zygotes were cultured in SOF with 5% FCS (Holm P et al., 1999 Theriogenology 52, 683–700). The embryos were evaluated based on IETS guidelines (Grades 1 and 2 selected). The data were analyzed by chi-square test and ANOVA. In all parameters, the DFR followed by FSH and subsequent OPU once/week protocol gave the best results on a per-cow-per-week as well as total (3 cows over 10 weeks) basis. Though OPU was done only once/week, this group produced more total oocytes (303) than groups where OPU was done twice/week, either with FSH (286) or without FSH (229) and also produced more total embryos on Day 8 (71 blastocysts, 23.4% of oocytes cultured) than the latter two groups (64, 22.4% and 49, 21.4%, respectively). Among the nonstimulated groups, the OPU twice/week group had more total oocytes (236) than groups with OPU once/week, either without DFR (137) or with preceding DFR (160). However, a preceding DFR seemed to have a positive effect on oocyte quality as this group had a better embryo development rate (26.9%), producing more total embryos (42). In comparison, OPU twice/week produced total 49 embryos (21.4%) and OPU once/week produced 26 (19.4%). In conclusion, DFR coupled with single-shot FSH administration can be used effectively over a period of at least 10 consecutive weeks and can increase (P<0.05) the oocyte yield by two-fold and embryo production following IVF by two and half-fold, as compared to routine OPU-IVF done once a week. Table 1 Per cow per week performance
30
Widiati, Ida Ayu Putu, Luh Putu Suryani, and Indah Permatasari. "The Effectiveness of Regional Regulation of The Province of Bali Number 16 of 2009 Concerning Spatial Planning for The Province of Bali in The Development of Tourism Supporting Facilities at The Sanctuary Area in Badung Regency." Sociological Jurisprudence Journal 3, no. 1 (May 27, 2020): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/scj.3.1.1593.54-58.
Full textAbstract:
One of the highly developed tourism industries in Bali is the tourism industry. Nevertheless, the problem that then arises is that there are developments encountered in the area of the holy place that should not be made as a place to support the tourism facilities. This is of course not in accordance with the provisions of Regional Regulation Number 16 of 2009 concerning Spatial Planning for the Province of Bali, particularly in Article 50 paragraph (2). This study examines the effectiveness of Bali Province Regional Regulation Number 16 of 2009 related to the construction of Tourism supporting facilities in the radius of the shrine area in Badung Regency. The whole data collected are processed and analyzed by organizing them systematically, and are then classified and connected between one data with another. In practice, there are still violations related to the rules of the radius of the sacred area around the Pura Sad Kahyangan, especially in the Pura Luhur Uluwatu. The existence of norms related to sacred areas comes through pros and cons in practice. Some judicial review requests have even been submitted to the Supreme Court. The role of law enforcement also needs necessarily to be optimized, especially in terms of enforcing the rule of law related to violations in the radius of the holy place in the Badung Regency.
31
Avduevskayа, N. N. "STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS IS ONE OF THE MAIN PATHOGENS OF MASTITIS OF LACTATING COWS." Problems of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology 1, no. 2 (2020): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/vet.san.hyg.ecol.202002020.
Full textAbstract:
As a result of microbiological studies of the udder secretion of lactating cows, conducted in ten livestock farms in the Vologda, Yaroslavl and Kostroma regions, 280 cultures of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms, as well as lactic acid and other non-pathogenic flora were isolated from 271 samples of the studied milk. At the same time, it was revealed that S. aureus occupies a leading place in the spectrum of the selected pathogenic microflora. In 2019, the species composition of the pathogenic microflora in the above-listed farms was represented by isolates of Staphylococcus aureus – in 24,3% of cases, then Streptococcus Agalactiae– in 9,3%, enterobacteria – in 5,3% and opportunistic Staphylococcus – in 3,2% of cases. S. aureus was allocated by us in seven farms out of ten, the percentage of its allocation ranged from 9,1% to 58,9%. At the same time, other pathogenic flora was isolated in the studied farms in smaller quantities. So opportunistic Staphylococcus was detected in three agricultural enterprises out of ten in 6,2 % – 11,5% of cases, Streptococcus Agalactiae – in seven – from 9,1% to 36,0%, enterobacteria in five – from 1,5% to 30,8% of cases, respectively. When determining the sensitivity between isolates of S. aureus with other microorganisms in different concentrations by the method of "hole" in meat-peptone agar, the negative influence of Staphylococcus aureus on pathogenic (enterobacteria and Streptococcus Agalactiae), as well as lactic acid and the other non-pathogenic microflora was revealed. This fact indicates that in the conditions of intermicrobial relations, Staphylococcus aureus has the ability to have an antagonistic effect on the listed flora. The article was completed in accordance with state assignment №0578-2014-0030.
32
Bodnar, Yu V., N. V. Kuzmina, D. D. Ostapiv, S. W. Kawa, O. I. Chajkovska, and R. D. Ostapiv. "ACTIVITY AND CONTENT OF SUPEROXIDEDISMUTASE IZOZYMES IN GRANULOSE CELLS FROM COW OVARY FOLLICLES." Scientific and Technical Bulletin оf State Scientific Research Control Institute of Veterinary Medical Products and Fodder Additives аnd Institute of Animal Biology 21, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36359/scivp.2020-21-2.04.
Full textAbstract:
The activity and content of superoxide dismutase isoforms (SOD) in granulosa cells from cow ovarian follicles were studied for research after slaughter of cows ovaries were selected, which according to the physiological state were divided into groups: with "fresh" ovulation, at the site of the ovulated follicle there is a hole, no corpus luteum or diameter up to 5 mm, red color (n = 14); with "early corpus luteum", diameter 10-20 mm, color red or brown (n = 41); with “late corpus luteum", diameter 5–15 mm, color yellow (n = 32); "follicular growth", without the corpus luteum (n = 84). The ovaries of cows with small (<4 mm), medium (4 - 7 mm) and large (> 7 mm) follicles were used. Antral fluid was obtained from the follicles, from which granulosa cells were isolated. Cells were suspended according to the volume of follicular fluid in the medium Dulbeccos modified Eagle medium (DME) with the addition of estrus serum of cows, follicular fluid, insulin and heparin. In cell culture, protein concentration, activity, and superoxide dismutase isozymes were determined.
It was found that granulosa cells are characterized by SOD activity - 12.4 ± 0.74 IU / mg protein (6.8 ± 1.72 - 19.8 ± 3.75 IU / mg protein). The activity of SOD in the culture of granulosa cells had 5–6 isoforms of the enzyme. It was found that isoforms at the site of localization are divided into cytosolic, mitochondrial and extracellular proteins of SOD. The cytosolic isoform were represented by 3 - 4, and mitochondrial and extracellular have one active protein of the enzyme. he activity of the enzyme and the content of isoforms depended on the size of the follicles from which the cells are removed and the physiological state of the ovaries. The studied indicators characterize the intensity of oxidative metabolism as a whole in cells and in their individual parts and organelles. For cultivation, it is advisable to select granulosa cells from ovarian follicles of "follicular growth" and "late corpus luteum" because they are characterized by consistently high activity of SOD, which protects intracellular components from the cytotoxic action of superoxide anion.
33
M, Thebiga, and Suji Pramila. "A Survey on Assorted Subsisting Approaches to Recognize and Preclude Black Hole Attacks in Mobile Adhoc Networks." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 14, no. 01 (January 20, 2020): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i01.11329.
Full textAbstract:
<p>Ensuring collateral is the most substantial snag in Mobile Adhoc Networks which crash the efficacy of the network. Without regard to all different networks, the Mobile Adhoc network is stuffed with more safety hindrances and the Adhoc on Demand Vector Routing Protocol is more comprehensively utilized protocol in MANETS. This type of network is more exposed to assorted number of attacks and among those, the black hole attack and its variant pull off critical detriment to the entire network .In this type of attack, named black hole attack, the noxious node utilizes its routing principles, with the view to annunciate itself, that it has the briefest route to the target node. In this paper, we have investigated all the subsisting techniques and graded the solution with a table to understand their pros and cons.<strong></strong></p>
34
Rachmawati, Luxy Lutfiana, and Fitri Kartiasih. "ANALISIS EFISIENSI USAHA TERNAK SAPI PERAH MENGGUNAKAN STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS." Bina Ekonomi 22, no. 1 (July 30, 2019): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/be.v22i1.3385.27-43.
Full textAbstract:
The Milk Self-sufficiency Program that is targeted to be reached by the year of 2020 is threatened by the increasing of milk imports. Local milk production can only meet 18 to 20 percent of the national milk demand. This study aims to investigate the level of technical efficiency of the people's small hold farmers’ cattles in Java and to analyze factors that influence milk production using Stochastic Frontier Analysis. The results showed that the feed per animal per day had a positive effect on the average milk production per animal per day; while the size of cage per animal had a negative effect. The average level of efficiency of dairy cattle business in Java is 83.56 percent, but statistically there are effects of inefficiency in this business. Factors that influence the inefficiency of livestock businesses are: the farmer’s age, the farmer’s educational level, participation of the farmers in cooperatives and farmer groups.Keywords: dairy cows; Stochastic Production Frontier; technical efficiency
35
Sun, Yaowu, and Xiaoye Gong. "Superior position equal to greater influence? The moderating role of technological complexity." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 31, no. 7 (March 2, 2020): 1457–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmtm-07-2019-0269.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeTechnological standardization can promote the development of complex products and systems (CoPS) (e.g. large aircraft, high-speed trains). Many studies argue that a superior network position contributes to improving a firm's ability to innovate; however, few studies have considered the aforementioned line of research as falling under the purview of CoPS standardization. This study focuses on CoPS integrators, which hold the most important enterprise roles in CoPS manufacturing and innovation, to analyze whether the two types of superior positions (i.e. the central position and the brokerage position) help the integrator influence the standardization process in a process moderated by technological complexity.Design/methodology/approachConsidering the outstanding market performance of the railway transportation industry in China, the abundance of cooperative activities in this industry, and data availability, we adopt integrators from this industry as samples for the empirical analysis in this study. A negative binomial regression analysis with random effects was conducted to analyze the acquired panel data.FindingsThe results show that the central position has an inverted U-shaped effect on the integrator's ability to influence standardization and that the brokerage position has a positive effect. We also find that the underlying mechanism of the two types of network positions impacts the integrator's ability to influence standardization and that it has two modes: knowledge integration in related domains and knowledge integration in nonrelated domains. Moreover, technological complexity attenuates the effect of the central position and strengthens the effect of the brokerage position on the integrator's ability to influence standardization.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the theoretical research on CoPS manufacturing and innovation and complements knowledge-based theory. The results could prove enlightening for integrators facing complex technological environments, allowing them to establish a reasonable external knowledge search strategy and choose appropriate cooperation partners according to their knowledge domains.
36
Novosartyan, M. G. "Risks of cerebrovascular disorders associated with combined hormonal contraceptives." Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction 15, no. 2 (May 5, 2021): 143–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2021.202.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Cerebral circulation disorders (CCD) hold the third place in the structure of complications coupled to combined oral contraceptives (СОСs). Acute disturbance of the cerebral blood supply is the main etiological factor for such complication; and hidden predisposition to thrombotic conditions such as thrombophilia plays a pivotal role in its pathogenesis, which is manifested due to administered hormonal contraceptives.Aim: to assess rate of detected genetic thrombophilic hemostatic defects, congenital and acquired ADAMTS-13 deficiency, antiphospholipid antibodies (APA), antibodies to phospholipid cofactors, hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with CCD administered with СОСs.Materials and Methods. A prospective analysis of 89 COCs use cases in women of reproductive age was carried out, among which 60 cases were selected for this study satisfying to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Group I consisted of 30 patients manifested with various CCD types due to COCs use, group II – 30 women taking COCs for at least 1 year lacking any thrombotic complications.Results. Women administered with COCs are at the peak CCD risk within the first 2 months after the onset. Somatic diseases differed little in patients from groups I and II. In group I, 5 (41.7 %) patients with venous thrombosis did not have classical thrombophilia, but 4 (33.3 %) women had anti-ADAMTS-13 antibodies combined with elevated von Willebrand factor (vWF) level. Inherited thrombophilia was less prevalent in patients with arterial thrombosis and transient ischemic attack (TIA): 1 (5.5 %) case of Leiden factor V mutation compared to patients with venous blood flow disorders (p < 0.05). Such patients more frequently had criterial APA (61.1 %), so that 5 (27.8 %) patients were found to have more than one type of criterial APA. In 4 (22.2 %) cases these were patients with ischemic stroke, 3 (37.5 %) of which had combination of three criterial APA (triple positivity) and 1 (12.5 %) had two criterial APA (double positivity); among them detection rate of criterial APA was 50.0 %. One patient (double positivity) was with TIA.Conclusion. It was found that: i) genetic and acquired factors were identified at high rate in patients with CCD administered with COCs, contributing to coagulopathy (86.7 %); ii) in case of venous thrombotic CCD coupled to administered COCs, inherited thrombophilia (58.3 %) prevails, in arterial thrombosis – APA circulation (50.0 %); iii) etiopathogenetic role of APA circulation in impaired cerebral blood flow depends on antibody type (criterial APA) and titer; iv) preexisting hypercoagulability leading to CCD coupled to COCs may be linked to several thrombophilic defects unrelated to classical thrombophilia.
37
Lukuyu, B. A., D. L. Romney, J. C. Tanner, and W. Thorpe. "The maize crop as a source of food and feed for livestock on smallholder dairy farms in the Kenyan highlands." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2000 (2000): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200000995.
Full textAbstract:
A major constraint on smallholder dairy farms in Kenya is inadequate feed supply resulting in low productivity. In Kiambu district of the Central Highlands, principal feed resources are cultivated Napier grass, roadside grass and fodder from maize, including stover and higher quality thinnings cut during the growing period. An average farmer in Kiambu owns 0.8 ha of which 0.19 and 0.17 ha are dedicated to Napier and maize cultivation, respectively, and 2.2 cows producing 5.8 kg milk/day (Staal et al. 1998). Meeting the feed requirements of the dairy animals, while maintaining food production is already a challenge. There are indications that the maize crop will become increasingly important as a source of fodder (Staal et al. 1998). Methu (1998) showed that by planting 4 rather 2 maize seeds per hole, 1.9 t DM/ha of thinnings, with high energy and N content could be harvested without affecting significantly the yields of stover or grain. The present study explored further the potential of increasing production of good quality thinnings without jeopardising grain yield in a series of on-farm trials.
38
Zikri P, M. Dahri, Ono Suparno, and Tajuddin Bantacut. "ANALISIS ALTERNATIF STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KOPERASI PRODUKSI SUSU." Forum Agribisnis 8, no. 2 (September 1, 2018): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/fagb.8.2.169-180.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of the research is to analyze the strategic alternative to be implemented in the Bogor development of milk production cooperation. The analysis covered descriptive analysis, Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE), External Factor Evaluation (EFE), Internal-External (IE) matrix analysis, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threat (SWOT). The results showed that the position of the cooperatives in quadrants V of the Internal-Eksternal (IE) matrix, the strategy of the cooperative should be hold and maintain where a strategy that is widely used in these cells is market penetration and product development. Managerial implication of alternative strategy that can be immplemented in the milk production cooperatives are improve the competitiveness of products, products promotion, promotion activities by socializing the importance of drinking milk, product diversification, improve the quality of milk, strengthening the modal through loan with the financial intitutions, coordinating with the government to get assistance in strengthening the cooperation and breeder, increasing the population of cattle through joint venture, expanding markets, improve production facilities, improve technology, develop the healthy partnership, improve the management of the maintenance of dairy cows.
39
Bhardwaj, B., and U. Bhatnagar. "ID: 52: NATIVE VALVE INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS CAUSED BY STAPHYLOCOCCUS WARNERI." Journal of Investigative Medicine 64, no. 4 (March 22, 2016): 955.2–956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000120.91.
Full textAbstract:
Staphylococcus Warneri is a coagulase negative Staph (CoNS) and is a normal part of skin flora. It rarely causes infective endocarditis (IE) of the native valves. In most of the cases, there is a predisposing condition like a new implant, intravascular catheter or surgical procedure. We report a case of native valve endocarditis in an immunocompetent patient with no predisposing risk factors. Our case illustrates the importance of Coagulase negative bacteremia and the implications of the delayed diagnosis of Coagulase negative Staph Endocarditis. A 59 years old male presented with lethargy and shock. On exam, he was found to have a 3/6 holo systolic murmur radiating to his axilla. His blood culture revealed bacteremia with Staphylococcus warneri in 3/5 cultures. MRI spine showed no diskitis or abscess. He had metal hardware placed in his ankle >10 years ago, X-ray of the ankle did not reveal any evidence of infection. TEE showed 1.6×0.6 cm vegetation on posterior leaflet of mitral valve. He was started on cefazolin 2 g TID for total 6 weeks. It is usually believed that CoNS are more associated with prosthetic valve infections. Staph Warneri is a part of normal flora of the human skin in almost 50% of the normal adult population. Staph Warneri can lead to a slow growing and an indolent course and late diagnosis. Failure to recognize initial blood cultures as a true positive contributes to delayed antibiotic therapy. CoNS IE were less likely to have a vascular or immunologic phenomenon and can lead to large vegetations requiring valve replacement if not treated in time. With this case we want to illustrate that CoNS can lead to invasive infection even in the absence of any prosthetic valves, catheters or invasive procedures.
40
Brown, P., and C. Mortimer. "Econometric Analysis of Landscape Preferences in Canterbury, New Zealand." Economics Research International 2014 (August 17, 2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/259471.
Full textAbstract:
The landscape of rural Canterbury, New Zealand, has evolved from tussock grasslands to one of the most productive dairying areas in the world. While these changes represent a boon for Canterbury’s economy, the visual impact of land-use change has been dramatic. In this paper, we evaluate which changes to the Canterbury landscape have been most pronounced, how people react to those changes, which aspects of the rural landscape are of greatest importance to both urban and rural residents of Canterbury, and whether cost-effective means of mitigating visual changes to the landscape exist. We find that the majority of Cantabrians hold unfavourable views of recent changes to the landscape—particularly with regard to dairying—a finding that is consistent across both urban and rural survey respondents. Using a visual assessment study with cross-classified random effect, we find that dairy cows, irrigators, and silage bales significantly reduce viewers’ subjective evaluations of landscapes while shelterbelts dramatically increase their subjective evaluations. Moreover, native New Zealand shelterbelts are preferred to exotic shelterbelts, but both are preferred to having no shelterbelts, suggesting that the negative visual impacts of dairy farming may be ameliorated by intensified tree planting.
41
Fedyanov, E. A., V. A. Saninsky, and N. A. Ushakov. "CALCULATION OF THROTTLEMENT PARAMETERS IN PARALLEL CHANNELS OF DRILLING PIPERS FOR DEEP HOLE." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 1(248) (January 27, 2021): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-1-248-34-38.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents a method for calculating the characteristics of the throttling elements of the lubricating-cooling technical medium (COTS) Yu used in deforming piercing. A feature of the proposed technique is the method of supplying cutting fluids under pressure through the grooves made on the outer surface of the mandrel teeth, when the pressure of the working medium and its flow rate are divided into parallel flows, one of which provides pressure on the piercing when the hole is mandrelled with a normalized speed in its axial movement the second provides the calculated parameters of throttling between the surface of the grooves on the mandrel teeth and the machined surface, where they create "damping cushions", improving the mandrel process and reducing wear of the piercing [3]. The presented calculation of the characteristics (coolant pressure, flow rate, etc.) with the location of the conditional chambers formed by the grooves of the punching teeth and the processed surface confirms the possibility of using throttles to implement the conditions for using throttling elements during cutting-deforming piercing of deep holes in long tube blanks and increasing by this basis of its effectiveness.
42
Gardiner, Christie. "College cops: a study of education and policing in California." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 38, no. 4 (November 16, 2015): 648–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-02-2015-0015.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the state of police education in California. There is limited national data on the topic and this study aims to improve our knowledge by studying the state with the highest number of law enforcement officers in the USA. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 162 local law enforcement agencies (police and sheriffs’ departments) in California completed a 32-question electronic survey about police education and training. Findings – Findings reveal that California agencies are more likely than agencies nationwide to offer incentives to encourage officers to pursue higher education. Although most departments require only a high school diploma, 35 percent of sworn officers are college graduates. Most college-educated officers are employed by medium and large sized agencies in urban counties which pay above-average salaries. Research limitations/implications – This paper demonstrates how the prevalence of educated police officers varies and that higher education requirements do not adversely affect the hiring of female officers. It also provides insight from police managers regarding their concerns about requiring a four-year degree and perceptions of whether college-educated officers are actually better officers than non-college-educated officers. Practical implications – Research findings may be instructive to police managers wanting to increase the number of sworn officers in their agency who hold a college degree. Originality/value – It adds to the literature by describing the education level of police officers in California and providing information about the educational requirements and incentives offered to officers by law enforcement agencies. No previous study has addressed this topic, even though California employs 12 percent of all sworn peace officers in the USA.
43
MR, Oshba, Sosa GAM, a. b, Nossier MB, Fadel MS, and ElRaey M. "COMPARISON B ETW EEN ES TRADIOL AND GNRH - CIDR BAS ED PROGRAMS ON S UP ER OVULATION IN HOLS TEIN COWS/ HEIF ERS." International Journal of Advanced Research 6, no. 10 (September 30, 2018): 615–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/7847.
Full text
44
Hartinger, Thomas, and Qendrim Zebeli. "The Present Role and New Potentials of Anaerobic Fungi in Ruminant Nutrition." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 3 (March 10, 2021): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7030200.
Full textAbstract:
The ruminal microbiota allows ruminants to utilize fibrous feeds and is in the limelight of ruminant nutrition research for many years. However, the overwhelming majority of investigations have focused on bacteria, whereas anaerobic fungi (AF) have been widely neglected by ruminant nutritionists. Anaerobic fungi are not only crucial fiber degraders but also important nutrient sources for the host. This review summarizes the current findings on AF and, most importantly, discusses their new application potentials in modern ruminant nutrition. Available data suggest AF can be applied as direct-fed microbials to enhance ruminal fiber degradation, which is indeed of interest for high-yielding dairy cows that often show depressed ruminal fibrolysis in response to high-grain feeding. Moreover, these microorganisms have relevance for the nutrient supply and reduction of methane emissions. However, to reach AF-related improvements in ruminal fiber breakdown and animal performance, obstacles in large-scale AF cultivation and applicable administration options need to be overcome. At feedstuff level, silage production may benefit from the application of fungal enzymes that cleave lignocellulosic structures and consequently enable higher energy exploitation from forages in the rumen. Concluding, AF hold several potentials in improving ruminant feeding and future research efforts are called for to harness these potentials.
45
BRAUNSCHWEIG, MARTIN, and ZDENKO PUHAN. "Association of casein haplotypes with casein composition and size of micelles in milks from Simmental×Red Holstein cows." Journal of Dairy Research 66, no. 4 (November 1999): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029999003854.
Full textAbstract:
The casein micelles of bovine milk are large aggregates of roughly spherical shape consisting of the four phosphoproteins αs1-, αs2-, β- and κ-casein (CN). They are polydisperse colloidal particles with weight-average diameters between about 50 and 500 nm (Horne, 1984). Since αs1-, αs2- and β-CN are sensitive to calcium it is assumed that they are located predominantly within the micelle, whereas κ-CN is mainly on the surface of the micelles and serves as a stabilizer for the aggregates owing to its hydrophilic C-terminus. Inorganic calcium phosphate interacts with the phosphate groups of the caseins. This conformation of caseins, calcium and phosphate also contains small amounts of magnesium and citrate. Of the dry matter of the micelle, ∼93% is casein and ∼7% inorganic components, mainly calcium and phosphate (McMahon & Brown, 1984; Holt & Horne, 1996).In several studies it has been demonstrated that milk with the κ-CN B variant has on average smaller micelles than κ-CN A milk (Morini et al. 1975; Nuyts Petit et al. 1997). Compared with κ-CN variants, there are only a few studies on the association of αs1-, αs2- and β-CN variants with casein content and micelle size. In the milk of β-casein-deficient mice, casein micelles were smaller than in normal mouse milk but still present. The lack of β-CN was partly compensated by an increased whey protein content (Kumar et al. 1994). A comparison of the cheesemaking properties of Tarentaise milks containing the A (A1 or A2, without distinguishing between these variants) and C variants of β-CN revealed that the most significant characteristic for discriminating the two types of milk is the average diameter of the casein micelles: 293 nm in β-CN C type milk, 187 nm in the A type (Delacroix-Buchet & Marie, 1994).The objective of the present study was to investigate the micelle size and the casein composition of milk from half sibs within Simmentals cross bred with Red Holsteins (Simmentaler Fleckvieh, SI×RH) sires heterozygous for A1A2 of β-CN.
46
Nabila, Suci. "Social Loss Corruption Cases in Indonesia: How Should the Corruptors Punished?" IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) 4, no. 1 (May 19, 2019): 65–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ijcls.v4i1.19612.
Full textAbstract:
Corruption is a serious problem that occurs in a country including Indonesia. Corruption is a problem that has a very big impact on the country and causes a lot of losses that its handling has not been taken seriously. This crime is very difficult to eradicate, because it is usually carried out in a systematic way and involves the authorities or people who hold economic and political power. In various countries the way to punish perpetrators of corruption is very diverse. In Indonesia alone the punishment used is a sentence of imprisonment. But the sentence of confinement in Indonesia is considered to have a deterrent effect. It is appropriate for a corruptor to be given severe sanctions and give a deterrent effect, one of which is a death sentence. But in Indonesia there are pros and cons regarding this death sentence.
47
Banerjee, Sandeep. "“NOT ALTOGETHER UNPICTURESQUE”: SAMUEL BOURNE AND THE LANDSCAPING OF THE VICTORIAN HIMALAYA." Victorian Literature and Culture 42, no. 3 (June 6, 2014): 351–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150314000035.
Full textAbstract:
During his third expedition into the higher Himalaya in 1866, the most ambitious of his three journeys into the mountains, Samuel Bourne trekked to the Gangotri glacier, the source of the Ganges. At that site he took “two or three negatives of this holy and not altogether unpicturesque object,” the first photographs ever made of the glacier and the ice cave called Gomukh, meaning the cow's mouth, from which the river emerges (Bourne 96). These words of Victorian India's pre-eminent landscape photographer, importantly, highlight the coming together of the picturesque mode and the landscape form through the medium of photography. In this essay, I focus on Samuel Bourne's images of the Himalaya, produced between 1863 and 1870, to query the ideological power of this triangulation to produce a specific image of the mountains in late nineteenth-century Victorian India. Situating Bourne's images in relation to contemporaneous material practices of the British within the space of the Himalaya, namely, the establishment of hill stations as picturesque locales in the higher altitudes of the Indian subcontinent, I argue that the landscape form, the picturesque mode, and the photographic medium, inflect each other to tame the sublimity of the mountains by representing them as similar to the Alps.
48
Zegers, Gabriel, Macarena Fernández, Benjamín Cáceres, Alfredo Prieto, Roberto Carracedo, and Lars Östlund. "Reporte del hallazgo de árboles culturalmente modificados en bosques costeros de Nothofagus Betuloides (Mirb.) Oerst 1871 (Nothofagaceae) por pueblos canoeros de la Patagonia austral y Tierra del Fuego." Antropologías del Sur 7, no. 13 (July 1, 2020): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25074/rantros.v7i13.1726.
Full textAbstract:
Los bosques templados costeros pluviales de la Patagonia austral y Tierra del Fuego cons- tituyen una expresión florística y ecológica de características propias y muy distintas al resto de las formaciones vegetales del continente americano (Pisano, 1997). Aquellos de carác- ter “primario” o en estados sucesionales avan- zados son actualmente remanentes escasos de los procesos antrópicos de degradación ambiental relacionados a la extracción y explo- tación de recursos naturales, que sobreviven gracias a su aislamiento de caminos o rutas de explotación, o bien, por su resguardo geográ- fico a eventos climáticos de gran envergadura (i.e. volteo masivo por temporales de viento) (Pisano, 1997; Promis, Cruz, Reif &Gärtner, 2008). Conservan en su estructura información de enorme y singular valor ecológico, siendo testigos vivos de procesos ambientales y paleoclimáticos, estrechamente ligados a las dinámicas históricas del paisaje litoral de los canales patagónicos (Holz, Haberle, Veblen, De Pol Holz, Southon, 2012; Koch & Kilian, 2002; Villagrán, 2018)but rarely on both. In this study of fire history in western Patagonia (47-48° S. A su vez, es de esperar, que dichas dinámicas podrían comprender en parte o en su totali- dad, una historia estrechamente ligada al ser humano, al menos desde el retroceso glacial y posterior ocupación de los canales patagó- nicos por cazadores recolectores marinos o pueblos canoeros (Emperaire, 1955).
49
Roscigno, Vincent J., and Kayla Preito-Hodge. "Racist Cops, Vested “Blue” Interests, or Both? Evidence from Four Decades of the General Social Survey." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 7 (January 2021): 237802312098091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023120980913.
Full textAbstract:
The murder of George Floyd by a Minneapolis police officer triggered U.S. and worldwide protests—protests that raised questions about police funding, use of force, and whether police officers are distinctly racist. In this article, the authors draw on nearly four decades of the General Social Survey to examine trends over time and specifically model whether those in law enforcement are more likely to hold racialized and arguably racist views, vested “blue” occupational interests, or both. Trends show declining public support for police expenditure and police use of force over time. The authors’ further modeling highlights stark differences between police and the general public, as well as between cops and those of similar occupational status. Specifically, police uniquely believe that they should receive more funding and have the right to use physical force against citizens; they are also more racist, a pattern especially apparent among white male officers. These findings, which largely support the arguments of current Black Lives Matter protesters, show how vested occupational interests and racialized orientations intersect in important ways, sometimes with perilous consequences.
50
WU, YUE, YONG HU, and XIAO-HAI HE. "PUBLIC OPINION FORMATION MODEL BASED ON OPINION ENTROPY." International Journal of Modern Physics C 24, no. 11 (October 14, 2013): 1350080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183113500800.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we introduce the concept of opinion entropy based on Shannon entropy, which is used to describe the uncertainty of opinions. With opinion entropy, we further present a public opinion formation model, and simulate the process of public opinion formation under various controlled conditions. Simulation results on the Holme–Kim network show that the opinion entropy will reduce to zero, and all individuals will hold the opinion of agreeing with the topic, only by adjusting the cons' opinions with a high control intensity. Controlling the individuals with big degree can bring down the opinion entropy in a short time. Besides, extremists do not easily change their opinion entropy. Compared with previous opinion clusters, opinion entropy provides a quantitative measurement for the uncertainty of opinions. Moreover, the model can be helpful for understanding the dynamics of opinion entropy, and controlling the public opinion.