Academic literature on the topic 'Home economics – Ecuador'
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Journal articles on the topic "Home economics – Ecuador"
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Hsing, Yu. "A Study of the J-Curve for Seven Selected Latin American Countries." Global Economy Journal 8, no. 4 (October 2008): 1850150. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1438.
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This study finds that there is evidence of a J-curve for Chile, Ecuador, and Uruguay and lack of support for a J-curve for Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Peru. Increased real income in the home country would improve the trade balance for Brazil and Ecuador and deteriorate the trade balance for Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, and Uruguay. Increased real income in the U.S. would improve the trade balance for Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, and Uruguay and deteriorate the trade balance for Brazil and Ecuador. Hence, the conventional wisdom to pursue real depreciation to improve the trade balance may not apply to some of these countries.
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Martín, Juan Carlos, and Natalia Soledad Bustamante-Sánchez. "A cultural analysis of the secondary housing tourism in Vilcabamba, Ecuador." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 12, no. 4 (August 5, 2019): 604–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-05-2018-0028.
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PurposeThis study aims to determine the level of satisfaction of secondary housing tourists in Vilcabamba.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis of satisfaction of this tourism segment in a destination is essential for the different economic agents when evaluating various policies. The analysis is based on the answers provided to 16 items in a questionnaire administered to a representative sample (281 respondents). The authors have used the fuzzy logic to reduce ambiguity in the answers associated to subjective views of human beings who express themselves linguistically. A method based on the degree of similarity to ideal solutions has been used to obtain a classification of relevant satisfaction items.FindingsThe results indicate that the ideal solutions segments are represented by multicultural characteristics of second home tourists and the number of years they have been visiting Vilcabamba. The authors find that foreign tourists are more satisfied than Ecuadorians. Analyzing the most critical factors, it is seen that accessibility to the destination, socio-cultural environment and quality of water achieve a high priority.Research limitations/implicationsSecond home tourists’ satisfaction has been studied with a limited set of 16 attributes, and some attributes also have a multidimensional nature, so a further study analyzing the scale will be needed in the future.Originality/valueThe present study fills an existing gap in the literature of secondary housing tourism where the existing previous research has been mainly focused on retirees’ secondary housing tourism. The study provides interesting insights into local and national authorities, as well as other economic agents, to designing strategies and planning processes of the destinations for secondary housing tourists.
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Edmonds, Eric V., and Norbert Schady. "Poverty Alleviation and Child Labor." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2012): 100–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.4.4.100.
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Poor women with children in Ecuador were selected at random for a cash transfer that is less than 20 percent of median child labor earnings. Poor families with children in school at the time of the award use the transfer to postpone the child's entry into the labor force. Students in families induced to take up the transfer by the experiment reduce paid employment by 78 percent and unpaid economic activity inside their home by 32 percent. Time in unpaid household services increases, but overall time spent working declines. (JEL I32, I38, J13, J22, J82, O12)
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Hey, Jeanne A. K. "Ecuadoran Foreign Policy Since 1979: Ideological Cycles or a Trend towards Neoliberalism?" Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 37, no. 4 (1995): 57–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166247.
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The end of the Cold War raises many questions about the role of Third World states in the emerging “New World Order.” During the “old” world order, however, Latin America played a crucial role in the US sphere of influence. This alone merits study of its recent foreign policy behavior, not only because the region is home to many of the newly industrializing states, but also because it will undoubtedly be an important player in regional and global politics into the 21st century (Brysk, 1992; Lowenthal, 1993). How will Latin Americans respond to a Hemisphere dominated by the United States? Will they resist or endorse the trend towards open markets and economies? This article investigates this question with regard to Ecuador, exploring whether Ecuador's foreign policymakers are in the process of shifting towards embrace of a US-dominated Hemisphere governed by free-market economic ideals or, rather, are developing policies in accordance with their own ideological predilections.
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Inga Bravo, Andrés Esteban, Mónica Alexandra Astudillo Sarmiento, Adrián Mauricio Pacheco Naranjo, and Manuel Ismael Morocho Malla. "Frecuencia de ansiedad y depresión en niñas y adolescentes de la casa de acogida “Miguel León” en el cantón Cuenca, Ecuador." Revista Médica del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga 12, no. 3 (November 30, 2020): 188–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14410/2020.12.3.ao.27.
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BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are two pathologies of great personal, social and economic im-pact; in many cases both have an early onset. Domestic violence can separate children and adolescents from their families; being sent, most of the times, to foster homes. Children and adolescents in foster homes tend to develop anxiety, depression and stress triggering lifelong emotional and mental difficulties. In this context, the aim of this study was to determine the frequency of anxiety and depression in girls and female adolescents from “Miguel León” Shelter, Cuenca, during 2016, creating statistical data that will allow set-ting protection projects and future studies. METHODS: Descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional study. The study population was stablished with 35 girls and adolescents, aged 5 to 18 years, from a foster home. For data collection, the SPENCE Child Anxiety Scale and the CDI Inventory were applied. Data was processed with Microsoft Excel 2010 and SPSS 15.0. Data is presented in charts and graphics using frequencies and percentages. RESULTS: The frequency of anxiety was 22.86% and the frequent of depression was 17.14%. The most pre-valent age range for both pathologies was 10 to 14 years old with 62.5% and 50% respectively. In both groups, diagnosed with anxiety and diagnosed with depression, the length of stay in the foster home was 0 to 6 months for the majority of the population ( 50 and 66.67% respectively). CONCLUSIÓN: The frequency of depression in girls aged 5 to 18 years, was 17.14%. The frequency of anxie-ty in girls aged from 5 to 18 years in the foster home was 22.86%, values lower than those found in other studies. The age range in which both diseases were most prevalent was, 10-14 years old. Both disorders were more prevalent the shorter the time spent in the foster home. KEYWORDS: Adolescent Health, Depression, Separation Anxiety, Child Protective Services, Anxiety, Foster Home Care.
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Baena, Verónica. "European franchise expansion into Latin America." Management Research Review 38, no. 2 (February 16, 2015): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mrr-08-2013-0185.
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Purpose This study aims to enhance the knowledge that managers and scholars have on franchising expansion. In this sense, it is worth mentioning that although the body of literature on international management focusing on emerging markets is growing, the attention paid to the Latin American context continues to be limited. This is surprising given the substantive economic importance of the region with a population over 590 million, and a gross domestic product of approximately US$5 trillion. To cover this gap, the present study examines how a number of market conditions may drive diffusion of franchising into Latin America: geographical distance, cultural distance, political stability and economic development. The authors also controlled for the host country’s market potential, transparency, unemployment rate and efficiency of contract enforcement. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a quantitative approach applied to a sample of 77 Spanish franchisors operating through 4,064 franchisee outlets across 21 Latin American countries in late 2012. They are: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Bolivia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Uruguay and Venezuela. Findings Results conclude that geographical distance between the host and home countries, as well as the level of host country’s political stability, economic development, market potential and transparency are able to drive the spread of international franchising across Latin American nations. Research limitations/implications This study provides readers with a general overview of the current state of global franchising diffusion overseas. Results obtained in this study are useful for understanding and predicting the demand for franchising in Latin American countries. Practical implications Economics reports argue that by 2050, the largest economies in the world will be China, the USA, India, Brazil and Mexico. This fact highlights the substantive importance of Latin America for foreign investors willing to expand their business abroad. In an attempt to give insights from the Latin American context, the present paper develops and tests a model that can be useful to franchisors willing to establish new outlets in the region. In addition, our findings offer guidance to firm managers seeking to target their franchises in Latin America. Franchisors may then use the results of this study as a starting point for identifying such regions whose characteristics best meet their needs of expansion. Originality/value This paper explores how market conditions may drive international diffusion of franchising into Latin American markets. The scant theoretical or empirical attention given to this topic has usually been examined from the USA and British base and focused on developed markets. To fill this gap, the present study analyzes the international spread of the Spanish franchise system into Latin America as a market for franchising expansion.
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Stevens, B., L. Pezzullo, L. Verdian, J. Tomlinson, and S. Zegenhagen. "PM022 The Economic Burden of Heart Diseases in Ecuador." Global Heart 11, no. 2 (June 2016): e74-e75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.258.
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Lind, Amy. "Making Feminist Sense of Neoliberalism: The Institutionalization of Women’s Struggles for Survival in Ecuador and Bolivia." Journal of Developing Societies 18, no. 2-3 (June 2002): 228–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x0201800210.
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Since the early 1980s, community-based women’s organizations have emerged throughout Ecuador and Bolivia in response to persistent poverty, economic crisis, neoliberal-development policies and related political and cultural crises. In Ecuador, women and men currently face an unprecedented financial crisis, the “dollarization,” and the new 1998 Constitution. In Bolivia, various sectors of women have addressed the harsh economic measures implemented since 1985, growing tensions surrounding migration, rising home-lessness and poverty rates, and the “War on Drugs.” In both countries, women have been among the first to make connections among everyday life and development policies. In this article I examine the contradictions organized women face as they struggle for economic and political empowerment in the context of neoliberal development. I argue that development policies that rely upon women’s unpaid labor sometimes contribute to institutionalizing women’s struggles for survival rather than merely empowering them, as they hope to do, through their community participation.
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García, Juan Lata, Francisco Jurado, and Víctor Larco. "Review and resource assessment, solar energy in different region in Ecuador." E3S Web of Conferences 80 (2019): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20198001003.
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Environmental pollution caused by the generation of electricity through fossil fuels leads several countries to adopt strategies for the exploitation of renewable energy sources. In this work, the current energy situation of Ecuador and the incorporation of photovoltaic generators in the national system is reviewed. The document is completed with the evaluation of the energy potential for an average load in the four regions of Ecuador. The selection of the locations of the system under study is chosen through the solar atlas and the meteorological data for a year. The technical dimensioning and economic analysis is achieved through the Homer software. The results show that the insular region reaches the lowest value of levelized cost of energy (COE) $0.529, an autonomy of 22.7 hours and unmet electric load 0.06% per year.
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Arrieta, Marco Vivar, and Juan Pablo Haro Altamirano. "Estudio De La Demanda Para La Implementación De Una Empresa De Acopio Y Comercialización De Productos Frescos A Domicilio, Riobamba-Ecuador." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 16 (June 30, 2018): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n16p246.
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This paper focuses on studying the demand for the implementation of a company that deals with the processing and marketing of fresh products “home delivery” in Riobamba. Through a general diagnosis, it was determined that the demand considers that the acquisition of products is a waste of time. It could be devoted to other priorities or productive activities, such that they can be an alternative. The universe comprising of 24086 families was considered, being the economic level of medium to high and delimiting technical recommendations for the attention of 4% of the population. The potential clients, therefore, are 963 families. The sample was determined for 275 surveys and served to demonstrate the behavior of consumers. Based on secondary information and quantitative research, surveys were designed, applied, and systematized. As a result, 88% of people cook at home while 44% of mother takes charge of buying the products. The frequency of product acquisition is 44% weekly and 25% biweekly. 35% buy its products in the establishments of its preference due to good service, 30% acquires its products by variety, 91% express that they would pay for this service an additional 10% of the total cost of the basket. The purpose of this study was to verify the characteristics of the consumer and expose the alternative of acquiring quality fresh products and fair prices for Riobamba families. It also aims to offer at the same time the added worth of home delivery.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Home economics – Ecuador"
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Morales, R. Maria F. "Hazard analysis and critical control point system for home prepared foods as a basis for adult education in urban Guayaquil, Ecuador." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27245.
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The Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system for
studying the food preparation process was conducted in four households in an
environmentally poor urban neighborhood of Guayaquil, Ecuador. The analysis
consisted of observing all of the steps in the food preparation process, measuring
food temperatures at each step, and collecting food and water samples. Food
and water samples were tested for total aerobic microorganisms, molds and
yeast, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms. Temperatures reached during the
cooking process were high enough to kill vegetative forms of foodborne
pathogens; however, heat-resistant spores could have survived. Leftover food
was held at room temperature for long periods of time which allowed
multiplication of vegetative forms from spores or from contaminated food utensils.
Leftover food was eaten either cold or reheated to warm temperatures. Water
samples were taken from water delivery trucks and from each family. Water was
identified as one of the main hazards in food preparation. None of the water samples met the criteria of the Ecuadorean National Institute of Standards for
human consumption. Fecal samples were taken from children in the families, and
were analyzed for parasites. Parasites were found in all of the samples. After
critical control points were identified, appropriate interventions were taken to
improve safety at each step.
Based on these HACCP observations, a food and water safety program
was designed and taught to five mothers attending a Guayaquil Child Care
Center. The program included a lesson on each of four topics: food and water
safety, parasites, care during diarrhea with emphasis on oral rehydration therapy
and the introduction of solid food, and nutrition. A control mother was identified
for each group. Diarrhea occurred in children of both groups but none of the
children was hospitalized. With the exception of nutrition concepts, the
knowledge about food and water safety concepts, parasites and care during
diarrhea were well understood by both groups. This was reflected in positive
changes in families' behavior toward using improved food and water sanitation
practices as observed during a visit to each family which followed the HACCP
study and the educational program.Graduation date: 1994
Books on the topic "Home economics – Ecuador"
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R, Maria F. Morales. Hazard analysis and critical control point system for home prepared foods as a basis for adult education in urban Guayaquil, Ecuador. 1993.
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Jiménez, Luis F. Migrants and Political Change in Latin America. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683400370.001.0001.
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In Migrants and Political Change in Latin America, Luis Jiménez looks at how migrants are changing the politics of their country of origin. It argues that migrants can do this in three distinct ways: through social remittances, economic remittances, and the presence of return migrants. In the first case, they can alter political outcomes in their country of origin as they channel ideas that are different than those present at home. In the second case, they can influence how their compatriots, who never left, behave in an indirect manner through the channeling of resources. This is because wealth, as well as education (which itself has an indirect effect on how people behave politically), is associated with higher political participation. Finally, return migrants combine these two aspects, but their physical presence both expands and limits how it manifests itself in the country of origin. All migrants have the potential to influence the politics of their country of origin, but how and when this occurs depends on several critical aspects: the size and density of the diaspora’s social networks and the specific social context of the migrants’ homeland in terms of both political structure and broader local circumstances. This text tests this theory in three cases—Mexico, Colombia, and Ecuador. The author selected these countries carefully because of the size and type of diaspora, the place individuals opted to migrate to, and the different types of political structure. The book finds that migration contributed to an increase in political participation and electoral competitiveness, including the specific individuals that became President among other various political outcomes.
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Biel Portero, Israel, Andrea Carolina Casanova Mejía, Amanda Janneth Riascos Mora, Alba Lucy Ortega Salas, Luis Andrés Salas Zambrano, Franco Andrés Montenegro Coral, Julie Andrea Benavides Melo, et al. Challenges and alternatives towards peacebuilding. Edited by Ángela Marcela Castillo Burbano and Claudia Andrea Guerrero Martínez. Ediciones Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/9789587602388.
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Rural development and peacebuilding in Colombia have been highly prioritized by higher education institutions since the signing of the Peace Agreement between the National Government and the FARC-EP. This has resulted in the need to further analyze rural strategies that contribute towards a better life for the population of territories where armed conflict is coming to an end, whilst understanding the pressing uncertainty that this process implies; on the one hand, for the urgency of generating rapid and concrete responses to social justice and equity, and on the other, because fulfilling the agreement guarantees scenarios of non-repetition of the war in the country. These were some of the reflections that motivated the research project “Rural development alternatives for peacebuilding: educational strategies to strengthen the ability of producers and young people that contribute to the coffee production chain in the municipalities of Leiva, Policarpa and Los Andes of the department of Narino, with international impact in the province of Carchi-Ecuador”. This work is presented as an investigative result that contains the analysis of theoretical and territorial Dynamic contributions regarding the construction of peace, education and the economy for rural development. The book is made up of three parts: Part 1 gathers sociological, legal and demographic works on the challenges of peacebuilding with the national and departmental context of Narino, and looks at human rights from the perspective of population health and quality of life. Part 2 presents texts on the dynamics of rural education in Colombia; national challenges and lessons learned based on case studies of specific forms of education. Part 3 presents economic analyses regarding the models that are behind the conception of rural development and the productive and institutional dynamics of the local sphere for the generation of employment and income. All three parts are relevant at both the national level and also the more specific area of the department of Narino and within this, the Cordillera region. This area, historically affected by the armed conflict, despite experiencing continuing uncertainty regarding the resurgence of violence and the increase in illegal crops, has also reignited hope with regards to finding solutions to the problems seen in the countryside; through educational, community and productive experiments. Although there are contradictory dynamics, the authors agree that the rural territory is a scene of permanent and collective construction, mediated by constant social struggles and power disputes with the State. It is therefore necessary to rethink the strategies for implementing the Peace Agreement in this region, with participatory scenarios being provided to include the rationale specific to rurality, such as: justice and reconciliation, social pedagogy, pertinence of study and student retention rates, social and solidarity economy, productive associativity, demographic conditions and health; including the physical, mental and social wellbeing of rural workers. With this work, we hope to reflect collectively with academics and human rights activists, spurring an increase in studies of rural areas and those analyses of community and innovative strategies that reinforce the road towards the construction of a lasting peace with social justice in Colombia.
Book chapters on the topic "Home economics – Ecuador"
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de Casanova, Erynn Masi. "Introduction." In Dust and Dignity, 1–20. Cornell University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501739453.003.0001.
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This introductory chapter provides an overview of domestic work. The International Labor Organization (ILO) defines domestic work to include housework; caring for children, ill, disabled, or elderly people in private homes; and tasks such as “driving the family car, taking care of the garden, and guarding private houses.” Paid domestic work is an ancient occupation, rooted in feudal economic systems, but it is part of the modern world under capitalism. Historically, domestic workers cooked, cleaned, and cared for children, as they do today. However, this work has shifted from in-kind payment (room and board) to wages, and from most domestic workers living with employers to most living separately. Also, middle- and upper-class women have entered the workforce, relying on domestic workers to take up the slack at home. Based on research conducted between 2010 and 2018, this book explains why domestic work remains an occupation of last resort in Ecuador (and elsewhere) and discusses how these working conditions might be improved. In exploring the experiences of paid domestic workers in Ecuador, it shows how concepts of social reproduction, urban informal employment, and class boundaries can help illuminate the particular forms of exploitation in this work and explain why domestic work continues to be a bad job.
Conference papers on the topic "Home economics – Ecuador"
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Amoroso, Fernando, Rubén Hidalgo-León, Jaqueline Litardo, Alejandro Granja, Jackeline Calderón, Diego Siguenza-Alvarado, and Guillermo Soriano. "Simulations of Solar Power Systems to Provide Electricity to a Model Water Desalination Plant in Floreana Island, Ecuador." In ASME 2021 15th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2021 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2021-62841.
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Abstract This work shows the techno-economic comparison of the design of two solar photovoltaic systems: 1) on-grid (G-SPVS) and 2) off-grid (SPVS). Both schemes aim to supply electricity to a model water desalination plant located in Floreana Island, Ecuador. The annual load profiles and other operational details of the case study were previously obtained. For this research, a period of 15-years was analyzed. During this time, the maximum power of water pump system remained constant and represented the highest percentage of the electrical load, which changed each year influenced by the drinking water requirements of the population. Results from the HOMER PRO simulations showed that the SPVS produced higher surpluses of electricity. In contrast, the G-SPVS exhibited lower net present cost (NPC) and cost of energy (COE).
Reports on the topic "Home economics – Ecuador"
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Pritchett, Lant, and Martina Viarengo. Learning Outcomes in Developing Countries: Four Hard Lessons from PISA-D. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2021/069.
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The learning crisis in developing countries is increasingly acknowledged (World Bank, 2018). The UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) include goals and targets for universal learning and the World Bank has adopted a goal of eliminating learning poverty. We use student level PISA-D results for seven countries (Cambodia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Paraguay, Senegal, and Zambia) to examine inequality in learning outcomes at the global, country, and student level for public school students. We examine learning inequality using five dimensions of potential social disadvantage measured in PISA: sex, rurality, home language, immigrant status, and socio-economic status (SES)—using the PISA measure of ESCS (Economic, Social, and Cultural Status) to measure SES. We document four important facts. First, with the exception of Ecuador, less than a third of the advantaged (male, urban, native, home speakers of the language of instruction) and ESCS elite (plus 2 standard deviations above the mean) children enrolled in public schools in PISA-D countries reach the SDG minimal target of PISA level 2 or higher in mathematics (with similarly low levels for reading and science). Even if learning differentials of enrolled students along all five dimensions of disadvantage were eliminated, the vast majority of children in these countries would not reach the SDG minimum targets. Second, the inequality in learning outcomes of the in-school children who were assessed by the PISA by household ESCS is mostly smaller in these less developed countries than in OECD or high-performing non-OECD countries. If the PISA-D countries had the same relationship of learning to ESCS as Denmark (as an example of a typical OECD country) or Vietnam (a high-performing developing country) their enrolled ESCS disadvantaged children would do worse, not better, than they actually do. Third, the disadvantages in learning outcomes along four characteristics: sex, rurality, home language, and being an immigrant country are absolutely large, but still small compared to the enormous gap between the advantaged, ESCS average students, and the SDG minimums. Given the massive global inequalities, remediating within-country inequalities in learning, while undoubtedly important for equity and justice, leads to only modest gains towards the SDG targets. Fourth, even including both public and private school students, there are strikingly few children in PISA-D countries at high levels of performance. The absolute number of children at PISA level 4 or above (reached by roughly 30 percent of OECD children) in the low performing PISA-D countries is less than a few thousand individuals, sometimes only a few hundred—in some subjects and countries just double or single digits. These four hard lessons from PISA-D reinforce the need to address global equity by “raising the floor” and targeting low learning levels (Crouch and Rolleston, 2017; Crouch, Rolleston, and Gustafsson, 2020). As Vietnam and other recent successes show, this can be done in developing country settings if education systems align around learning to improve the effectiveness of the teaching and learning processes to improve early learning of foundational skills.