Academic literature on the topic 'Homeopathic globules'

AbstractThe efficacy of homeopathy is controversial. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been used to study homeopathic solutions, showing provocative results. We examined the reproducibility of one of the allegedly positive studies. 1H NMR spectra were recorded for Sulphur D4, diluted and succussed up to D30 (called potentization) at two different frequencies (300 and 500 MHz). The Sulphur solution had been potentiated according to homeopathic principles with deionized water and alcohol. Water proton T1 relaxation measurements were performed also at 20 MHz for the different potentiated Sulphur solutions. Furthermore, the homeopathic remedy Betula alba 30c (birch pollen extract) and appropriate control solution (deionized water, unsuccussed solutions and placebo globules) were measured analogously, both with frequencies giving spectra and T1 relaxometry.The Sulphur remedies showed identical one dimensional proton spectra (1H NMR) at 300 and 500 MHz, regardless of dilution/succussion stage, from D4 to D30. Furthermore, Betula 30c as a potentiated solution and its controls (ethanol dilutions and Betula diluted but not succussed) showed identical spectra. Nor were there any statistically significant differences in longitudinal (T1) relaxation times between deionized water and Sulphur D10 to D30 preparations. The shorter T1 of the Sulphur D4 preparation could be ascribed to the higher microviscosity within the sample matrix caused by the high concentration of dissolved material. Also, the T1 values of the Betula alba 30c preparation (in globular form) and control placebo globules were identical.In conclusion, published results from NMR research on homeopathy indicating differences between homeopathic solutions and control samples could not be reproduced.

We compared the impregnation techniques for globules according to the Manual of Technical Norms for Homeopathic Pharmacies (MNTFH) of the Association of Homeopathic Pharmacists (ABFH), Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia (FHB) and variations of these techniques. The variables were evaluated in this procedure, three different sizes of globules (N o . 3, 5 and 7), the hydroalcoholic solution of 70% (v/v) Minoxidil 2% (w/v) was used to impregnate the globules in concentrations of 2, 3, 4, 5% (v/w) and the impregnation at 10 %(v/w) was used hydroalcoholic solutions at 70, 80 and 90% (v/v), and four impregnation techniques various ( A -glass, B -paper, C -cup and D -FHB). As the results of content uniformity did not demonstrate a normal distribution, the one way ANOVA and a nonparametric statistical model were used for evaluation. Considering the average, the standard deviation (SD), the individual variance of each group and the principal components analysis graphs (PCA), it was observed that the “A” impregnation of globules technique, with 5% (v/w) of the impregnation concentrations and the No.5 globule presented the best uniformity of dose. As to the drying, there was a need to use a heat source.

Background: Little is known about self-medication with homeopathic drugs in Germany. The aim of this study was to gain information about users, sources of information and the selection process of the drugs. Methods: An online questionnaire survey among users of self-medication with homeopathy was conducted via social media and email newsletters. Results: A total of 665 users who responded to the questionnaire were included. Most of the respondents were women (92%) in their mid-forties with high educational status. In total, 43% of the participants reported a household member working in the health sector. Books (65%) and Internet (47%) were the most common sources of information. Consultations in pharmacies - with a mean duration of 10 min - were likely to be used (60%). Homeopathic drugs were mainly used in the potency D12 (55%), for a duration of 5 days, 3 times daily, with 5 globules. Homeopathic drugs were mainly used due to good therapeutic experiences in the past (82%). Indications for use were acute diseases (91%), particularly colds (86%), as well as chronic diseases (51%) and prevention (47%). The selection of a homeopathic drug took the participants 25 min on average. Conclusion: Homeopathic self-medication is understood by users as a resource to regain, maintain, and promote health. Further research about the quality and applicability of information for homeopathic self-medication is necessary.

Background Mechanical trauma, bacterial and viral infections are common in Trachemys dorbigni when in captivity. Aims Report the evolution of homeopathic treatment in a patient of Trachemys dorbigni species. Methodology Homeopathic treatment was chosen, based on the principle of similitude, using Arnica montana due to its anti-inflammatory action, Avena sativa for the physical fatigue; Silicea to act in suppurative processes and Thuya occidentalis in papillomatosis. Results On 22/11/2018, with 1 month old, 6g, it presented lethargy, hyporexia, locomotor difficulty due to edema and necrotic process in the right anterior limb, presenting bad prognosis and possible limb loss. The protocol was 2 globules of Arnica montana 6CH, diluted in the contact water, every 8 hours, for 7 days and 2 globules of Avena sativa 6CH, every 12 hours, for 5 days. After 7 days, it was observed that the patient was active, normoretic, with weight gain and decreased edema and necrotic process of the right anterior limb, ruling out the amputation. On 29/12/2018, the patient presented a rigid abscess in the right cervical region, that adopted protocol with a single dose of 2 globules of Silicea 6CH and 2 globules of Arnica montana 6CH, diluted in the contact water, every 24 hours, for 4 days, until the return on 02/01/2019, with the complete regression. On 13/01/2019, it presented papillomas and plastron infection, which the proposed treatment was constituted with administration of 2 globules of Thuya occidentalis 12CH, diluted in the contact water, every 24 hours for 3 days, with total remission of the lesions occurring in 3 days. Conclusion Mechanical trauma, bacterial and viral infections can be controlled by homeopathic medicaments without the administration of antibiotic or surgeries, being fast, less harmful and with an affordable economic value.

Globules, compressed tablets and tablet triturates are solid dosage forms used in homeopathy. Divergences can be noted between the preparation techniques described in official compendiums as well as those applied in homeopathic pharmacies. The difficulty associated with standardization of the impregnation of these dosage forms occurs due to the lack of detail provided for the techniques in the literature, leaving it up to each pharmacy to decide on the exact method of preparation. The objective was to optimize the impregnation technique, through investigating the variables that influence the impregnation of globules, compressed tablets and tablet triturates, applying the statistical tool of factorial design. The independent variables were the dosage form, percentage and type of impregnation and drying temperature, and the dependent variables were the mass gain, disintegration time, friability and hardness. For the globules, the greatest mass gain was for 10% impregnation and drying at 20 ºC. For the tablet triturates and compressed tablets the greatest mass gain was for 15% impregnation and there was no difference between the results obtained using simple and triple impregnation or different drying temperatures. The results can contribute to improving the final product quality, besides aiding in the establishment of standardized techniques for the official compendiums.

Aging is an extremely complex and multifactorial process. Over time, the elderly begin exhibiting signs of function reduction. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of homeopathic medicines on testicle histomorphometry in senescence/senility. The study was approved by the animal experimentation ethics committee of Santo Amaro University (07/2015). The rats (Wistar, all male, with 22-23 months of age were used) were caged with access to food and water ad libitum and 12-hour light cycle (7:00 am to 7:00 pm). The homeopathic medicines were prepared following the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. The animals were randomly distributed in 4 groups (n= 6): control; hydroalcoholic solution; Calcarea carbonica 30cH (Calc) and Baryta muriatica 30cH (Bar-m). 5 globules of the medicines were added to each water dispenser; the containers were changed twice per week along 40 days. All investigators were blinded to the allocation groups. After 40 days all the animals were euthanized and the testicles collected. Based on their width and length, the testicles’ volume was calculated by means of the ellipsoid formula. Slides were prepared and stained with PAS. Photographs were taken of the slides with 40x magnification under microscope; software Image J was used to measure the diameter of 50 seminiferous tubules per slide (animal), diameter of the parenchyma and lumen of each tubule. Statistical analysis was performed by means of ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test; the significance level was set to p≤ 0.05. Increase of the testicles’ volume, increased parenchymal diameter and decrease of the tubular lumen was found in groups Calc and Bar-m compared to controls and the group treated with hydroalcoholic solution (p ≤ 0.05). We conclude that the tested homeopathic medicines changed the testicle histomorphometry of animals in senescence/senility. Keywords: Testicular histomorphometry, homeopathy, Calcarea carbonica, Baryta muriatica, Senescence/Senility

<p>The aim of this study was to assess fungicidal potential of homeopathic globules namely <em>Thuja occidentalis</em> and <em>Arnica montana</em> (30C) on plant growth and root infecting fungi particularly <em>Rhizoctonia solani</em>,<em> Fusarium</em> spp. and <em>Macrophomina phaseolina.</em> Both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments had found positive results in the suppression of root rot fungi. Investigation on present study showed that <em>A. montana</em> and <em>T. occidentalis</em> globules (100, 75 and 50% v/w concentrations) reduced disease intensity caused by root rot pathogens and improved growth of test plants, but it produces negative effects on leguminous test crops in which nodules were failing to produce.</p>

This investigation was carried out to determine the effects of thuza and antim crud (Homeopathic preparations) on bovine cutaneous papillomatosis/wart. Nine calves of one to two and a half years age and of both sexes affected with cutaneous papillomatosis were randomly divided into three equal groups (group I, group II and group III) for this experiment from March 2002 to February 2003. Each calf of group I was first administered with 15 globules sulphur with a potency of 200-power once orally. This was followed after 7 days with 50M (M = 1000-power) thuza at the dose rate of 10 globules twice daily orally for a period of three weeks. The calves of group II were administered with sulphur and antim crud at the same dose, potency, route and duration, respectively and the calves of group III were kept as untreated control. Papilloma tissues were collected prior to treatment and at the sixth week of treatment and they were subjected to histopathological examination. Thuza and antim crud with concurrent use of sulphur were found effective in curing bovine cutaneous papillomatosis with a rate of 66.66% (4/6). Little or no reduction in size of the papillomas was observed within the first two weeks of treatment in both the treated groups (group I and group II). Thereafter, miniature size sessile and pedunculated papillomas started drying with the gradual reduction in size that fell leaving hairless areas at the end of fourth week. By the eighth week there was complete cure of papillomas. One calf of each treated groups (group I and group II) affected with large papillomas (5 X 7 cm) were not completely cured. Microscopic examination of regressive papillomas at sixth week of treatment showed cellular necrosis. Growth recurrence was not observed within one month of recovery. In the untreated control group (group III), the number and size of papillomas increased. Therefore, this line of treatment may be practiced for the treatment of bovine papillomatosis.

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All medicine, whether allopathic or homeopathic, must go through strict quality control, which must ratify their characteristics throughout the period of validity. During the time of preparation and storage, solutions of the drugs are in permanent contact with packaging materials that can release undesirable substances to the solution. Several factors may influence the release of packing materials, and factorial design (FD) is a useful tool for analyzing the phenomenon. The aim of this study was the determination of quality parameters for Homeopathic solid (globules) and liquid (drops) dosage forms. It was carried out analysis in homeopathic globules for weight variation, mechanical strength, and moisture content uniformity. For liquid preparations, standard solutions were prepared from natural rubber bulbs, which were subjected to exhaustive extraction with two ethanol solutions (30 and 70%) in the ultrasonic bath for 20 minutes at 25?C and 50?C in three successive cycles. Studies of transfer have been made within five days, by spectrophotometric analysis in the UV region at 312 nm with λm?x and 323 nm for samples in 70% ethanol and 30% respectively. PH values were analyzed. We also conducted two FD studies, where the first, the three-level variables were solvent (chloroform, ethanol and nhexane), sample mass (30, 60 and 90mg), particle size (large disk, small disk and powder sample). In the second study, the solvent level variables were different ethanolic degrees (EtOH 30%, 70% and pure). The percentage of lending in the solutions was 5.5%, 12.4%, 24.2% and 41% of the total estimated in the reference solution. The values of rate constants of transfer were determined in the order of 0.0134 days-1 and 0.0232 days-1 in absorbance values, the solutions in ethanol at 30% and 70% respectively. These results suggest that the speed of transfer of materials from rubber is affected both by the nature of the vehicle as by the temperature
Todo medicamento, quer seja alop?tico ou homeop?tico, deve passar por rigoroso controle de qualidade, o qual deve ratificar as suas caracter?sticas ao longo de todo o per?odo de validade. Durante o tempo de preparo e armazenamento, as solu??es dos medicamentos est?o em contato permanente com os materiais de embalagem que podem liberar subst?ncias indesej?veis para a solu??o. V?rios fatores podem influenciar a libera??o de materiais da embalagem, e planejamento fatorial (PF) ? uma ferramenta ?til para analisar o fen?meno. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a determina??o de par?metros de qualidade para Formas Farmac?uticas Homeop?ticas s?lidas (gl?bulos) e liquidas (gotas). Foi efetuada a avalia??o dos gl?obulos homeop?ticos no que diz respeito ? sua varia??o de peso, testes de resist?ncia mec?nica, uniformidade de conte?do e umidade. Para as prepara??es liquidas, preparamos solu??es de refer?ncia a partir de bulbos de borracha natural, os quais foram submetidos ? extra??o exaustiva com duas solu??es de etanol (30 e 70%), em banho de ultrassom durante 20 minutos a 25?C e 50?C, em tr?s ciclos sucessivos de 24 horas. Os estudos de ced?ncia foram efetuados num tempo de cinco dias, atrav?s de an?lise espectrofotom?trica na regi?o UV com λm?x em 312 nm e 323 nm para as amostras em etanol a 70% e 30%, respectivamente. Foram verificados valores de pH. Foram tamb?m realizados dois estudos de PF, onde no primeiro, as tr?s vari?veis de n?vel foram solvente (clorof?rmio, etanol e n-hexano), massa de amostra (30, 60 e 90mg), a forma de amostra (grande disco, disco pequeno, a amostra em p?). No segundo estudo, as vari?veis de n?vel solvente foram gradua??es etan?licas diferentes (EtOH 30%, 70% e puro). O percentual de ced?ncia nas solu??es foi de 5,5%, 12,4%, 24,2% e 41% do total estimado na solu??o de refer?ncia. Os valores das constantes de velocidade de ced?ncia foram determinados na ordem de 0,0134 dia-1 e 0,0232 dia-1, em valores de absorb?ncia, nas solu??es em etanol a 30% e 70%, respectivamente. Esses resultados sugerem que a velocidade de ced?ncia de materiais a partir da borracha ? afetada tanto pela natureza do ve?culo como pela temperatura