Journal articles: 'Homophobia'

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Blais, Martin, Jesse Gervais, and Martine Hébert. "Internalized homophobia as a partial mediator between homophobic bullying and self-esteem among youths of sexual minorities in Quebec (Canada)." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 19, no. 3 (March 2014): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014193.16082013.

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Verbal/psychological homophobic bullying is widespread among youths of sexual minorities. Homophobic bullying has been associated with both high internalized homophobia and low self-esteem. The objectives were to document verbal/psychological homophobic bullying among youths of sexual minorities and model the relationships between homophobic bullying, internalized homophobia and self-esteem. A community sample of 300 youths of sexual minorities aged 14 to 22 years old was used. A structural equation model was tested using a nonlinear, robust estimator implemented in Mplus. The model postulated that homophobic bullying impacts self-esteem both directly and indirectly, via internalized homophobia. 60.7% of the sample reported at least one form of verbal/psychological homophobic bullying. The model explained 29% of the variance of self-esteem, 19.6% of the variance of internalized homophobia and 5.3% of the verbal/psychological homophobic bullying. The model suggests that the relationship between verbal/psychological homophobic bullying and self-esteem is partially mediated by internalized homophobia. The results underscore the importance of initiatives to prevent homophobic bullying in order to prevent its negative effects on the well-being of youths of sexual minorities.

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Kwak, Kim, and Kim. "Severity and Influencing Factors of Homophobia in Korean Nursing Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (November 25, 2019): 4692. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234692.

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Sexual minorities are people with non-cis and non-heterosexual gender identities, including LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) identities. Korean society is prejudiced against sexual minorities—in our study, we will broadly label this prejudice homophobia. It is possible that sexual minorities do not receive appropriate health management owing to such prejudices. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce homophobia in nursing students. This study aims to measure the degree of homophobia in Korean nursing students and identify the factors that affect homophobia. Our study is a cross-sectional study, which surveys attitudes of 265 nursing students toward homophobia in five Korean cities in January to March, 2019. The average homophobia score was 74.5 out of a possible 120; 92.9% of the participants were classified as homophobic, and 42.3% as highly homophobic. We found that participants who were male, religious, had low self-esteem, and had no family members or acquaintances who might belong to a sexual minority group, were more likely to be homophobic. Nursing students in Korea still exhibit high levels of homophobia. As high levels of homophobia can negatively affect health management and nursing, especially in the case of sexual minorities, we suggest that educational programs should be set up to reduce homophobia in nursing students.

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Jowett, Adam. "‘One can hardly call them homophobic’: Denials of antigay prejudice within the same-sex marriage debate." Discourse & Society 28, no. 3 (January 30, 2017): 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957926516687405.

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The United Kingdom’s Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act (2013) was framed by the Government as an equality measure and, as such, those who opposed the legislation were likely to be sensitive to possible accusations of prejudice. This article examines opposition to marriage equality within the British press and explores how denials of homophobia were made. Opponents to same-sex marriage attended to commonsense notions of ‘homophobes’, either by aligning their views with categories of persons not typically considered homophobic or by distancing their views from a homophobic other. Opponents also offered a counter-accusation that it was liberal supporters of same-sex marriage who were intolerant. Parallels are drawn with discursive literature on racist discourse and it appears that despite social scientists’ attempts to expand the concept of antigay prejudice, homophobia is commonly referred to in terms of irrational bigoted individuals.

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Van Beusekom, Gabriël, Henny MW Bos, Lisette Kuyper, Geertjan Overbeek, and Theo GM Sandfort. "Gender nonconformity and mental health among lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults: Homophobic stigmatization and internalized homophobia as mediators." Journal of Health Psychology 23, no. 9 (April 25, 2016): 1211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1359105316643378.

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We assessed among a sample of 724 Dutch lesbian, gay, and bisexual–identified adults ( Mage = 31.42) whether experiences with homophobic stigmatization and internalized homophobia simultaneously mediated the relation of gender nonconformity with mental health. Results indicated that homophobic stigmatization and internalized homophobia partially mediated the relation between gender nonconformity and mental health. Gender nonconformity was related to more mental health problems via increased experiences with homophobic stigmatization and to less mental health problems because of reduced levels of internalized homophobia. However, the mediated relation of gender nonconformity with mental health via homophobic stigmatization was only significant for men.

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STEPHENS, VINCENT. "Pop goes the rapper: a close reading of Eminem's genderphobia." Popular Music 24, no. 1 (January 2005): 21–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143004000261.

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This article argues that controversial hip-hopper Eminem is more properly termed a genderphobe than a homophobe. Eminem consistently uses homophobic language to critique gender behaviour, not sexual orientation. Focusing on genderphobic lyrics more accurately reveals hip-hop culture's emphasis on gender behaviour rather than the emphasis on sexual object-choice that homophobia implies. The focus on genderphobia also highlights a discriminatory practice aimed toward external behaviour that is related to homophobia but operates differently in certain cultural realms. I ground my discussion by focusing on the centrality of authenticity in hip-hop and gender propriety's centrality in comprising hip-hop notions of authenticity. Additionally, I emphasise how all pop stars rely on personae to convey convincing images to the public. I conclude by analysing the Pet Shop Boys and Mariah Carey's ‘answer songs’, which directly address Eminem's genderphobia and authenticity.

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Allouche, Sabiha. "The Reluctant Queer." Kohl: A Journal for Body and Gender Research 5, Spring (April 1, 2019): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36583/kohl/5-1-3.

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In “The Locations of Homophobia,” Rahul Rao (2014, 174-175) invites us to complicate our examination of homophobia by turning our analysis inwardly. Whilst I maintain the bearing of the sexed (read: homophobic) colonial legacies on the contemporary discourse surrounding sexuality, including homophobia, across much of the MENA region, I agree with Rao on the importance of turning our analytic gaze inwardly in order to account for the agency of “local actors” in sustaining homophobic narratives and practices. Three concrete location(s) of homophobia are identified in this paper: the role of the Lebanese ruling-class elite in the neo-liberalization (read: depoliticization through economization) of same-sex desire, the alien rhetoric of local LGBT activism, and the “fractal orientalism” (Moussawi 2013) that reproduces Beirut as an LGBT haven. I conceptualize the “reluctant queer” in relation to each in order to challenge mainstream global media’s depictions of Lebanon as exceptionally LGBT-friendly, particularly where LGBT activism is concerned.

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van der Bom, Isabelle, Laura Coffey-Glover, Lucy Jones, Sara Mills, and Laura L. Paterson. "Implicit homophobic argument structure." Journal of Language and Sexuality 4, no. 1 (March 30, 2015): 102–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jls.4.1.04mil.

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This article analyses the linguistic and discursive elements which contribute to the production of implicit homophobia. Explicit homophobia has been well documented and strategies for countering discriminatory language have been developed (Baker 2014, Leap 2012). However, our interest here is in documenting implicit homophobia, where homophobic beliefs are only hinted at, are disassociated from the speaker, or are embedded within discursive and argument structures. We decided to analyse the debate in the media around the introduction of equal or same-sex marriage legislation in the UK. We focused our analysis on a series of radio programmes on BBC Radio 4, The Moral Maze (2011–2012), where the issue of same-sex marriage was debated with a team of panelists and invited guests from a range of different organisations. Different perspectives on same-sex marriage were discussed, in a seemingly objective and dispassionate way, where the interactants distanced themselves from homophobic beliefs and yet implicitly subscribed to homophobia. We used an analysis drawing on argumentation structure (Fairclough & Fairclough 2012) and through focusing on stance, recontextualisation, imaginaries, and metaphor, we developed an analysis which made the way that implicit homophobia works more visible. In this way, we hope to foreground implicit homophobia, and develop a linguistic and discursive ‘toolkit’ which will enable it to be challenged and countered.

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Loughlin, Gerard. "Catholic homophobia." Theology 121, no. 3 (April 16, 2018): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x17749147.

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Understanding homophobia as a discursively constituted antipathy, this article argues that the culture of the Catholic Church – as constituted through the Roman magisterium – can be understood as fundamentally homophobic, and in its teaching not just on homosexuality, but also on contraception and priestly celibacy. Moreover, in this regard, the article argues for a hermeneutic of continuity from the pontificate of John Paul II to that of Pope Francis – the latter’s ambivalence repeating the ‘scrambling’ of speech that is typical of homophobic discourse.

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Maake, Tshepo. "A Quantitative Inquiry into South African Undergraduate University Students’ Perceptions of Religiously Sanctioned Homophobia." Open Journal for Sociological Studies 6, no. 2 (October 18, 2022): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojss.0602.02067m.

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The paper investigates the factors that inform university undergraduate students’ perceptions of religiously sanctioned homophobia. Data was drawn from a quantitative survey conducted in 2017 on students’ perceptions of social norms, heteronormativity, and homophobia at a South African urban-based university. A total of 330 undergraduate students completed the survey. The study found statistically significant correlations between the factors of sex, degree of religiosity and family socialization and the undergraduate students’ perceptions of religiously sanctioned homophobia. Male students demonstrated more support for religiously sanctioned homophobia than did female students. Students with a higher degree of religiosity were more likely to support statements that enforced homophobia than did students with a lower degree of religiosity. Students who had been socialized in homophobic families were more likely to support religiously sanctioned homophobia than were students who had grown up in more tolerant families. The study did not find statistically significant correlations between the factors of frequency of exposure to religious services and place of origin and the undergraduate students’ perceptions of religiously sanctioned homophobia. The paper makes a substantive contribution to the limited South African studies that focus on the broader student population’s perceptions of religiously sanctioned homophobia.

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Erlen, Judith A., Tracy A. Riley, and Susan M. Sereika. "Psychometric Properties of the Index of Homophobia Scale in Registered Nurses." Journal of Nursing Measurement 7, no. 2 (January 1999): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1061-3749.7.2.117.

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The psychometric properties of the Index of Homophobia Scale (IHS; Bouton et al., 1987) were examined in a sample of registered nurses (n = 95). Scores on the IHS may range from 0 (no homophobia) to 28 (highly homophobic). This sample had relatively low total scores on the IHS (M = 7.99, SD = 5.41), indicating that subjects were predominantly not homophobic. Internal consistency as estimated by Cronbach’s alpha was .88. The average item mean was 1.14 (SD = 0.29) ranging from .77 to 1.48. Corrected item-to-total scale correlations were satisfactory, ranging from .58 to .75. Inter-item correlations ranged from .35 to .67 indicating some redundancy in content sampling. The 7-item IHS indicates promise for future use with registered nurses, and perhaps also with other health care professionals in adequately and accurately measuring homophobia.

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Sun, An-Pyng. "Homophobia Among Social Work and Non-Social Work Students." Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work 7, no. 2 (March 1, 2002): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18084/1084-7219.7.2.15.

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This study compares degree of homophobia between social work and non-social work students. The results show that although social work students are not significantly different from non-social work students in their levels of homophobia, both male and female social work students are significantly less homophobic than male non-social work students. On the other hand, somewhat surprisingly, female social work students are significantly more homophobic than female non-social work students on the issues of whether homosexuality is a sin and whether homosexuality is disgusting. Implications for social work education are discussed.

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Cleland, Jamie, Rory Magrath, and Edward Kian. "The Internet as a Site of Decreasing Cultural Homophobia in Association Football." Men and Masculinities 21, no. 1 (August 10, 2016): 91–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1097184x16663261.

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This article analyzes 5,128 comments from thirty-five prominent football fan online message boards located across the United Kingdom and 978 online comments in response to a Guardian newspaper article regarding the decision by former German international footballer, Thomas Hitzlsperger, to publicly come out as gay in January 2014. Adopting the theoretical framework of inclusive masculinity theory, the findings demonstrate almost universal inclusivity through the rejection of homophobia and frequent contestation of comments that express orthodox views. From a period of high homophobia during the 1980s and 1990s, just 2 percent of the 6,106 comments contained pernicious homophobic intent. Rather than allow for covert homophobic hate speech toward those with a different sexual orientation, 98 percent of the comments illustrate a significant decrease in cultural homophobia than was present when Justin Fashanu came out in 1990.

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Malo-Juvera, Victor. "The Effect of an LGBTQ Themed Literary Instructional Unit on Adolescents’ Homophobia." Study and Scrutiny: Research on Young Adult Literature 2, no. 1 (July 8, 2016): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2376-5275.2016.2.1.1-34.

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Numerous scholarly works extol the use of LGBTQ themed literature as part of English language arts instruction with the implication that its use may improve the school climate for LGBTQ students; however, there is a dearth of research that empirically examines whether or not this type of instruction measurably impacts adolescents’ homophobia. To address this paucity, this study examined the ability of a dialogically organized, reader response–based instructional unit of the young adult novel Geography Club to reduce adolescents’ homophobia. A quasi-experimental design was used with eighth grade students in seven English language arts classes. Homophobia was measured using a researcher-created scale. Analysis of pretests revealed that girls had lower levels of homophobia than boys and that Black students had higher levels of homophobia than Hispanic students. Posttest results indicated that the intervention was successful in lowering homophobia. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a three factor solution: Interpersonal Homophobia, Attitudes toward Homophobia, and Sexuality as a Choice. Post-hoc tests revealed differing effect sizes for the aforementioned factors as well as showing that there was no backlash to treatment in participants with high pretest homophobia. This paper argues that schools and teacher education programs should make a serious effort to incorporate LGBTQ themed texts into curricula as part of a concerted effort to reduce the culture of homophobic violence that has become institutionalized in many schools.

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Aliyeva, Kh., and S. Guliyeva. "BULLYING CAUSED BY HOMOPHOBIA IN SCHOOLS." Scientific heritage, no. 136 (May 7, 2024): 27–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11125116.

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In modern society, issues related to homosexuality and manifestations of homophobia are becoming increasingly relevant and acute. Sexual minorities are a group of people whose sexual orientation differs from the prevailing one in society. They often face various problems caused by established stereotypes and sociocultural norms, which leads to their legal and social isolation. It is important to note that many of them have difficulty finding support and do not always know where to turn for help. Homophobic bullying has a negative impact not only on those who are the target of bullying, but also on its initiators, witnesses to such incidents and the educational institution as a whole. This also has a serious impact on the learning process. A rights-based approach to education promotes increased access to education and the creation of inclusive learning environments that support diversity, ensure equal opportunities for all students and are non-discriminatory. This approach not only improves the quality of education, but also contributes to the creation of a safe learning environment where teaching methods are used that take into account the individual needs and abilities of students, stimulating their active participation in the learning process. These conditions are necessary for successful learning.

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Ocen, George. "RELIGION, COLLECTIVISM, AND HOMOPHOBIA IN UGANDA." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 10, no. 4 (2023): 535–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2023-4-535.

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Uganda is notoriously homophobic and religious. Historically, same-sex relations existed in the country before the coming of Europeans. Christianity and Islam led to the homophobia that permeates and dominates Uganda's economic, social, and political landscape to date. Time may gradually obliterate this homophobia; but strategic litigation, advocacy, and activism should also be intentionally employed to restore dignity to LGBTQI+ persons in Uganda.

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Mason, Gail. "Body Maps: Envisaging Homophobia, Violence and Safety." Social & Legal Studies 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/a016321.

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This article seeks to explore the implications of homophobic hostility beyond the question of individual injury. It suggests that in order to understand the cultural, or collective, implications of homophobic hostility it is necessary to position this hostility in the wider context of discursive statements of sexual visibility; that is, to consider how homophobic violence functions through the equivocal and ambiguous trope of visibility. To make this argument, the article draws upon an empirical study of sexuality, gender and homophobia, undertaken in Australia. This study suggests that the knowledge one has of homophobic hostility interacts with other factors to engender deeply embodied practices of self-surveillance that inevitably centre upon mapping the visible expressions of sexuality. Yet, the pleasure that is derived from flouting the danger of homophobia suggests that it might be helpful to consider the collective implications of homophobic violence as a question of 'management'. In light of the contested nexus between homosexuality and visibility, it is further suggested that the imperative to manage one's homosexuality as a means of negotiating safety is inevitably an imperative to manage the unmanageable.

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Lozano-Verduzco, Ignacio, Julián Alfredo Fernández-Niño, and Ricardo Baruch-Domínguez. "Association between internalized homophobia and mental health indicators in LGBT individuals in Mexico City." Salud mental 40, no. 5 (September 1, 2017): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2017.028.

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Introduction. Mental health can be affected by social determinants, including discrimination and marginalization due to systems of oppression, such as heteronormativity. Objective. To analyze the association between internalized homophobia, homophobic violence, discrimination and community connectedness and alcohol use and depressive symptoms in LGBT individuals. Method. Cross-sectional study in which validated instruments for each variable were applied to a non-probabilistic and intentional sample of 2 846 LGBT individuals through face-to-face questioning during the Sexual Diversity and Pride Parade in Mexico City 2015 and by means of a digital survey tool. Binomial regression models were used to analyze associations between variables. Results. Homophobic discrimination and violence, as well as low community connectedness, positively related to depressive symptoms and alcohol use. Discussion and conclusion. Difficulties in the mental health of LGBT individuals are associated with sociocultural and internalized homophobia. Eradicating and minimizing homophobia would be useful to improve LGBT’s mental health.

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Dolinski, Dariusz. "Male homophobia, touch, and compliance: A matter of the touched, not the toucher." Polish Psychological Bulletin 44, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 457–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ppb-2013-0051.

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Abstract Numerous studies have shown that people are more likely to fulfill requests made by a stranger when he or she touches their arm or forearm slightly while asking. In Poland, however, where male homophobia is widespread, interpersonal touch decreases compliance when man touches another man. It has also been demonstrated in previous studies that highly homophobic male participants are especially unwilling to fulfill requests while touched. In this paper the hypothesis that also confederates’ homophobia create an additional factor inhibiting compliance with request formulated by men touching other men was tested in two experiments. No relations, however, was found between confederates’ level of homophobia and participants’ reaction.

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Biruk, Crystal. "‘Aid for gays’: the moral and the material in ‘African homophobia’ in post-2009 Malawi." Journal of Modern African Studies 52, no. 3 (August 18, 2014): 447–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x14000226.

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ABSTRACTIn recent years, ‘African homophobia’ has become a spectacle on the global stage, making Africa into a pre-modern site of anti-gay sentiment in need of Western intervention. This article suggests that ‘homophobia’ in post-2009 Malawi is an idiom through which multiple actors negotiate anxieties around governance and moral and economic dependency. I illustrate the material conditions that brought about social imaginaries of inclusion and exclusion – partially expressed through homophobic discourse – in Malawi. The article analyses the cascade of events that led to a moment of political and economic crisis in mid-2011, with special focus on how a 2009 sodomy case made homophobia available as a new genre of social commentary. Employing discourse analysis of newspaper articles, political speeches, the proceedings of a sodomy case, and discussions about men who have sex with men (MSM) as an HIV risk group, I show how African homophobia takes form via interested deployments of ‘cultural’ rhetoric toward competing ends. This article lends a comparative case study to a growing literature on the political and social functions of homophobia in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Kulkin, Heidi, June Williams, Lolita Boykin, and Bonnie Ahn. "Social Work Students and Homophobia: What Are Their Attitudes?" Journal of Baccalaureate Social Work 14, no. 2 (January 1, 2009): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18084/basw.14.2.4676022j65327w61.

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This study explored homophobic attitudes of baccalaureate-level social work students at a rural southern university. Students (N=151) were asked to complete an assessment that included the Hudson & Ricketts (1980) Index of Homophobia scale and an original sociodemographic questionnaire. Results suggest that the majority of students were homophobic (84%). Implications of this research and effective teaching strategies to combat homophobic attitudes are discussed.

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McGiff, Josh, and Nikola S. Nikolov. "Bridging the gap in online hate speech detection: A comparative analysis of BERT and traditional models for homophobic content identification on X/Twitter." Applied and Computational Engineering 64, no. 1 (May 15, 2024): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/64/20241346.

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Our study addresses a significant gap in online hate speech detection research by focusing on homophobia, an area often neglected in sentiment analysis research. Utilising advanced sentiment analysis models, particularly BERT, and traditional machine learning methods, we developed a nuanced approach to identify homophobic content on X/Twitter. This research is pivotal due to the persistent underrepresentation of homophobia in detection models. Our findings reveal that while BERT outperforms traditional methods, the choice of validation technique can impact model performance. This underscores the importance of contextual understanding in detecting nuanced hate speech. By releasing the largest open-source labelled English dataset for homophobia detection known to us, an analysis of various models' performance and our strongest BERT-based model, we aim to enhance online safety and inclusivity. Future work will extend to broader LGBTQIA+ hate speech detection, addressing the challenges of sourcing diverse datasets. Through this endeavour, we contribute to the larger effort against online hate, advocating for a more inclusive digital landscape. Our study not only offers insights into the effective detection of homophobic content by improving on previous research results, but it also lays groundwork for future advancements in hate speech analysis.

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Calzada, Christopher, Carl St Goar, Matthew Hollander, Vennisia Mo, Jamie Kiefer, Ben Hougaard, Nicole Carre, and Rowena Gomez. "INTERNALIZED HOMOPHOBIA MEDIATING THE RELATIONSHIP OF SELF-CONCEALMENT ON DEPRESSION IN LGB OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.3036.

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Abstract Previous research has demonstrated that self-concealment of sexual orientation may negatively affect the wellbeing of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adults (Hu, Wang, & Wu, 2013). Additionally, studies have indicated that internalized homophobia significantly predicts depressive symptoms in LGB older adults (Sharma & Subramanyam, 2020). The present study examined how internalized homophobia may mediate the predictive relationship between self-concealment on depression symptoms in LGB older adults. As part of a larger study, participants (Nf301) responded to several questions and measures including the Sexual Orientation Self-Concealment Scale, The Internalized Homophobia Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Using the Baron and Kenny’s Method for Mediation (1986), the data analysis indicated that internalized homophobia fully mediates the relationship between self-concealment and depression severity (ps < .05). These results suggest that older adults who self-conceal their sexual orientation may experience an increase in depressive symptoms because of internalized homophobias. These findings may help clinicians better understand the mechanisms contributing to the high rates of depressive symptoms within the older LGB population. Furthermore, the findings suggest that cognitive restructuring of thoughts related to internalized homophobia and self-concealment may improve depressive severity in older LGB adults.

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Bhardwaj, Gopa. "Denial and Negative Policing of Same-Sex Intimacy and Existence." Liberal Studies 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 158–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3592309.

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Framing of same-sex intimacy as a perversion that flies in the face of religious morality still features prominently within a contemporary homophobic discourse which reinforces the fear and prejudice that encourages homophobia and the victimization of (Muholi, Zanele, 2009) homophobia is not only publicly approved by society, but relies on unsubstantiated claims of a superficial and negatively imposed homosexual identity, contradictory ideas on morality, and the use of outdated laws. (Thabo Msiibi, 2014 a, b) This is the façade that conceals neo-conservatism and a resurgence of patriarchy, coated in the constructs of religion, nationalism, and law and emphasizes the rhetoric that promotes patriarchal conceptions of masculinity and enhances the conservative attitudes toward sexuality. This reinforces homophobic attitudes, encouraging the policing and oppression of already marginalized sexual identities that have traditionally been shrouded in secrecy.

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Hertzmann, Leezah. "Psychoanalysis and homosexuality: The relevance of homophobia and shame for all sexualities." Couple and Family Psychoanalysis 14, no. 2 (September 30, 2024): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/cfp.v14n2.2024.133.

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This article will describe some contemporary developments in psychoanalytic thinking about sexuality, from a post‐heteronormative standpoint. Psychoanalytic theorising of homosexuality had been generally homophobic for decades, reflecting society stereotypes. Previously, many analysts prescribed treatment to convert “the homosexual patient” to “healthy heterosexuality”, which Freud had regarded as likely to be unsuccessful. The author argues that psychoanalysis, having been part of the “disease” of homophobia, and the lengthy shadow cast by shame, can also contribute to its “cure” by promoting a broader understanding of the conscious and unconscious nature of desire and identity. The author considers the central role played by the superego in maintaining shame’s dominance and explores the impact of shame on time and temporality, including shame’s unique après coup nature. The struggle for acceptance of non‐heteronormative sexuality is discussed and contemporary developments in theorising desire, internalised homophobia, and Oedipus are explored. Drawing on fictional composite clinical vignettes, the author describes current challenges that clinicians face in relation to homophobia and shame, illustrating the central importance for clinicians to address where shame and homophobia lie within their own internal worlds and object relationships.

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Redd, Curtis, and Emma K. Russell. "‘It all started here, and it all ends here too’: Homosexual criminalisation and the queer politics of apology." Criminology & Criminal Justice 20, no. 5 (July 6, 2020): 590–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895820939244.

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In recent years, we have witnessed a tide of government apologies for historic laws criminalising homosexuality. Complicating a conventional view of state apologies as a progressive effort to come to terms with past mistakes, queer theoretical frameworks help to elucidate the power effects and self-serving nature of the new politics of regret. We argue that through the discourse of gay apology, the state extolls pride in its present identity by expressing shame for its ‘homophobic past’. In doing so, it discounts the possibility that systemic homophobia persists in the present. Through a critical discourse analysis of the ‘world first’ gay apology from the parliament of the Australian state of Victoria in 2016, we identify five key themes: the inexplicability of the past, the individualisation of homophobia, the construction of a ‘post-homophobic’ society, the transformation of shame into state pride and subsuming the ‘unhappy queer’ through the expectation of forgiveness.

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Ibrahim, Nur Amali. "Homophobic Muslims: Emerging Trends in Multireligious Singapore." Comparative Studies in Society and History 58, no. 4 (September 27, 2016): 955–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417516000499.

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AbstractThis article examines the recent emergence of homophobia among Muslims in Singapore. While Islamic scriptures were used to justify homophobia, interpretations of these holy texts regarding non-normative sexualities have always been diverse. The anti-homosexuality exegesis of Islamic scriptures gained traction in a particular constellation of contemporary politics. When the state broached a discussion over whether a colonial-era law criminalizing homosexuality should be repealed, evangelical Christians were the first to vigorously support the retention of the law. Evangelical Christian homophobic discourses were soon reproduced by Muslims, whose own conservatism has been rising in recent years. Longstanding state biases against Muslims (who are mostly lower-working-class Malays), however, restricted the expression of their religious conservatism, which makes it useful for them to perform good citizenship by standing alongside evangelical Christians (mostly middle-class Chinese). This article demonstrates that Muslim homophobia has complex roots and explanations that cannot be reduced solely to Islam.

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AYDIN, Merve, and Ceyda UZUN ŞAHİN. "Sağlık Profesyonellerinin Lezbiyen ve Gey Bireylere Yönelik Tutumları, Homofobi ve Empati Düzeyleri: Türkiye Örneği." Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 3 (September 26, 2023): 902–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1320977.

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This study aimed to determine the attitudes, homophobia, and empathy levels of healthcare professionals toward Lesbian and Gay individuals. This descriptive and cross-sectional study’s population consisted of healthcare workers working in hospitals in Turkey between April 2022 and August 2022. Using snowball method, 678 healthcare professionals who consented to participate in the study were recruited for the study. The data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the researchers, the Attitudes Toward Lesbians and Gays Scale (ATLGS), the Hudson and Ricketts Homophobia Scale (HRHS), and the Toronto Empathy Scale (TES).79.4% of the participants reported that caring for Lesbian and Gay (LG) individuals is no different from caring for heterosexual individuals. Low homophobia levels, work experience, and the existence of gay friends were identified as factors significantly influencing healthcare professionals’ positive attitudes toward LG. Healthcare professionals have partially positive attitudes about LG individuals and partially homophobic attitudes, and their empathetic abilities influence their attitudes toward them.

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SILVA, Patrick Leonardo Nogueira da, Ana Clara Rodrigues MARQUES, Angélica Ruas MOREIRA, José Ronivon FONSECA, Valdira Vieira de OLIVEIRA, and Carolina dos Reis ALVES. "HOMOFOBIA E DA VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO CONTRA LÉSBICAS, GAYS, BISSEXUAIS E TRANSGÊNEROS NO BRASIL: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DE PUBLICAÇÕES (2010 – 2020)." Boletim de Conjuntura (BOCA) 5, no. 14 (February 7, 2021): 116–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4516688.

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Homophobia corresponds to a series of repulsive behaviors, actions and feelings towards homosexuals, bisexuals and, in some cases, transgenders and intersexuals and is a serious public health problem. During the manifestation of homophobia, the feelings that prevail to exemplify the definition of the term are antipathy, contempt, prejudice, aversion and irrational fear. Thus, this study aimed to analyze homophobia and gender violence against lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender people in Brazil. It is a descriptive, exploratory study based on an integrative review of the literature. It was conducted at the Virtual Health Library through the following online databases: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Nursing Database, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and Google Scholar. The sample consisted of nine articles after the application of the eligibility criteria. A semi-structured form was used as a data collection tool. According to the sample, most of the participants already researched suffered some type of homophobic violence. Psychological violence, followed by physical and sexual violence, is mainly addressed. The vulnerability of the young people is determined by the series of attitudes taken by their families when they receive disclosure of their sexual orientation, which are: expulsions, persecutions, and reprehension. Homophobia causes negative self-perception, prevents the acquisition of healthy life habits, and promotes suicidal ideas. Therefore, it is necessary to intervene through a multiprofessional team to monitor the health of these adolescents, as well as to implement strict laws against these homophobic individuals who practice illicit acts that attack the life of a human being. In education, one must pay attention to the bullying practiced by students, in view of the beginning of violence and psychological suffering that the adolescent will go through.

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Dupras, André. "Internalized Homophobia and Psychosexual Adjustment among Gay Men." Psychological Reports 75, no. 1 (August 1994): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.1.23.

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The present study examined links between internalized homophobia and psychosexual tendencies among 261 homosexual men. Analysis indicated that men who accept their homosexuality less rate themselves higher on sexual anxiety, sexual depression, fear of sexuality, and concern about sexual image and lower on internal sexual control, sexual esteem, and sexual satisfaction. Although no significant differences were found between HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative subjects, the associations between internalized homophobia and certain psychosexual tendencies seemed more pronounced in the seropositive respondents. We believe it would be beneficial for homosexual men who are very homophobic to seek psychoeducative or therapeutic consultation to develop more positive attitudes toward their homosexuality and thereby better the quality of their lives.

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Ireland, Patrick R. "A Macro-Level Analysis of the Scope, Causes, and Consequences of Homophobia in Africa." African Studies Review 56, no. 2 (August 8, 2013): 47–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/asr.2013.41.

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Abstract:Although Africa has gained a reputation as one of the world’s most homophobic areas, there are cross-national differences in the extent and intensity of antigay laws. This article assesses the factors that have been advanced in the literature —albeit unsystematically and often mostly implicitly—to explain the observed patterns of homophobia: conservative religious beliefs, delayed political and economic development and resistance to globalization, political leadership strategies, and the legacy of colonialism. It argues that a more robust analysis suggests that a British colonial past, a large Muslim population, and the absence of economic freedom and openness explain at least one-third of the variance in sodomy laws. This finding has implications for efforts to fight African homophobia.

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CEBALLOS FERNÁNDEZ, Marta. "Homofobia en clave masculina. Consideraciones para la intervención psicopedagógica en el contexto escolar." Apuntes de Psicología 31, no. 1 (March 26, 2013): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.55414/0n3gkb89.

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The relation that exists between homophobia and masculinity is analysed in this essay, through the social perceptions of male students from the fourth degree of secondary school (ESO) on male gender identity. Three schools from the Principado de Asturias participate in this qualitative study, in which this issue is researched in diverse school cultures in the region. A discursive analysis on the issue is carried out through the implementation of interviews and discussion groups. The most outstanding results show that the students develop a homophobic narrative in their explanations of masculinity which preserves their heterosexual condition. Therefore, the normative vision of masculinity represents a basic indicator for the understanding of gender homophobia and sexual orientation noticed in the narratives of teenagers. We finish our research by expressing the need for the development of psychopedagogical intervention programs in the school context that contemplate the connection masculinity-homophobia. CITE AS:Ceballos Fernández, M. (2013). Homofobia en clave masculina. Consideraciones para la intervención psicopedagógica en el contexto escolar. Apuntes de Psicología, 31, 21-28.

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Hoffman, Leon G., Alan G. Hevesi, Paul E. Lynch, Peter J. Gomes, Nancy J. Chodorow, Ralph E. Roughton, Barney Frank, and Susan Vaughan. "Homophobia." Journal of Gay & Lesbian Psychotherapy 4, no. 1 (January 29, 2001): 5–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j236v04n01_02.

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Logan, Colleen R. "Homophobia?" Journal of Homosexuality 31, no. 3 (September 25, 1996): 31–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j082v31n03_03.

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Kominars, Sheppard B. "Homophobia:." Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services 2, no. 1 (April 11, 1995): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j041v02n01_04.

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Peterson, Travis L. "Homophobia." Social Work 31, no. 5 (September 1, 1986): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/31.5.415-a.

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Lima, Kevin Kriger Gomes de, and Adelaine Ellis Carbonar dos Santos. "Homofobia e docência: as dificuldades que docentes homossexuais encontram na prática profissional." Geography Department University of Sao Paulo 43 (November 13, 2023): e205031. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/eissn.2236-2878.rdg.2023.205031.

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This article aims to understand how homophobia impacts the professional experience of homosexual teachers in Ponta Grossa, Paraná. To this end, 5 (five) interviews guided by a semi-structured script aimed at gay teachers from that city, with a view to identifying how homophobia is (re) produced in the school space and which factors make it an institutional phenomenon, as it impacts the professional and private life of these professionals. Subsequently, the interviews were transcribed, analyzed and systematized in a database from the free and open-source software LibreOffice, using content analysis of discourse. From the results, it is evident that teachers suffered homophobia in all school levels, even when they were just students. And, it was possible to identify that all spheres that make up the school space propagate discrimination and prejudice contributing to a continuum of the homophobic phenomenon. Thus, teachers are coerced not to express their sexuality; are censored by the coordination and direction regarding discussions on this subject; are exposed to continuous confrontation with students and other pedagogical staff; there is a greater charge in relation to their practice, as well as the difficulty in relating with other professional colleagues.

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Alkiviadou, Natalie, and Uladzislau Belavusau. "Rien que des mots: Counteracting homophobic speech in European and U.S. law." International Journal of Discrimination and the Law 21, no. 4 (October 7, 2021): 374–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13582291211043420.

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Adopting a comparative perspective, this article examines legal means and practices of challenging homophobic speech in European and U.S. law. This exercise revolves around the study of major cases concerning homophobic speech from the law of the European Court of Human Rights and broader legal framework within the Council of Europe (the CoE), the Court of Justice of the European Union (EU) as well as the United States Supreme Court (along with a broader scrutiny of U.S. law in comparative perspective with European (CoE and EU law) in recent years. The article concludes that the concepts of (1) hate speech (in constitutional, administrative and criminal settings) (2) direct discrimination and (3) harassment (in labour and anti-discrimination law) will be central in the strategic litigation of LGBT organizations seeking to redress the climate of homophobia via various legal avenues in both Europe and the U.S. While in the settings of European law, all three concepts – depending on the context – can benefit victims of homophobia in their judicial redress, U.S. law offers coherent protection in its employment law framework, even though this remains in need of further strengthening.

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Alicante, Danz Matthew E., John Ernnel I. Cruz, Gracechelle Mykeejoy G. Fonbuena, Paula Bianca P. Pamatong, and Philomenah Magdalene Tocol. "PERCEPTION ON MODERN HOMOPHOBIA OF DIVERSE GENERATION." Ignatian International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research 3, no. 3 (March 30, 2025): 1069–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15108511.

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The way different generations perceive modern homophobia is largely influenced by their exposure to LGBTQ+ issues and their varying social contexts. Older generations often grew up in environments where prejudice against homosexuals was more prevalent and socially acceptable, which may have contributed to deeply ingrained biases. The purpose of this study is to examine how people across generations view contemporary homophobia in order to gain a better understanding of how perceptions of LGBTQ+ individuals have evolved over time. Evaluating the views of different age cohorts will help uncover generational differences and the underlying factors that shape these perspectives. One of the goals is to explore the factors that influence homophobic beliefs. Other objectives include assessing how the media and educational systems impact these viewpoints, as well as examining the significance of individual experiences and societal shifts. Ultimately, this study aims to provide a thorough understanding of how attitudes toward LGBTQ+ issues are shaped by generational contexts, with implications for promoting inclusivity and tolerance in contemporary society.

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Sviderska, Halyna, and Anastasia Hnap. "THE PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF YOUNG PEOPLE’S HOMOPHOBIA." PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL 6, no. 12 (December 30, 2020): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/1.2020.6.12.2.

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Despite all the positive changes due to European integration processes, the problem of prejudiced and negative attitudes towards people with “non-traditional sexual orientation” in Ukraine traditionally remains unresolved, homosexuality is taboo and it is “sinful”, and homophobic attitudes are often perceived as “truly moral” Christian virtues. The empirical study on psychological characteristics of the development and manifestation of young people’s homophobia performed by us has demonstrated existing contradictions in young people’s attitudes to homosexuality. On the one hand, young men and women belong to a fairly progressive, quite tolerant part of society. On the other hand, our data have revealed homophobic behaviour often manifested by young people. Many young people showed homo-negativism - denial and negative attitude towards certain aspects of homosexuality. Thus, very many young men and women believed that homosexuality was dangerous, since it could cause a “possible demographic crisis”, “spread of diseases”, “dissolution of the family as a social institution” and “harmful effects on a future generation’s psyche”. Many young people were convinced that an obviously demonstrated homosexual lifestyle increased the number of people with a non-traditional orientation, therefore gay pride parades, same-sex marriages, and adoption of children by homosexuals should be banned. Negative ideas about homosexual people and prejudice against them were formed not because young people’s own experience, since they practically did not know homosexuals, but due to stereotypical thinking, non-professional publications in the media and due to the lack of proper education in the field of gender psychology. In our opinion, homonegativism and homophobia shared by young people exist because of inadequate, not scientifically proven information about homosexual people, biased perception of sexual minorities based on shocking images of entertainers, film characters etc. We believe that overcoming homonegativism and homophobia is possible through the refutation of myths, stereotypes and prejudices regarding various aspects of human sexuality with psychological education and through an adequate state policy that should not contribute to anti-homosexual xenophobic attitudes.

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Awondo, Patrick, Peter Geschiere, and Graeme Reid. "Homophobic Africa? Toward A More Nuanced View." African Studies Review 55, no. 3 (December 2012): 145–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0002020600007241.

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Abstract:The recent emergence of homosexuality as a central issue in public debate in various parts of Africa has encouraged a stereotypical image of one homophobic Africa, often placed in opposition to a tolerant or depraved West. What is striking is that this image of Africa as homophobic is promoted by both traditionalists who insist that homosexuality is a Western intrusionand bythe Western media that focus on homophobic statements from African political and religious leaders. What both neglect, however, is the existence of internal debate and disagreements among Africans on the subject of homosexuality. In this article we try to counter this image of a homophobic Africa with a more nuanced discussion, including a comparison of different trajectories in the emergence of homosexuality as a public issue in four countries (Senegal, Cameroon, Uganda, and South Africa). The comparison highlights considerable variations in the ways in which the issue became politicized. There is a world of difference, for example, between the image of the homosexual asun Grand(a rich and powerful “Big Man”) who imposes anal penetration as a supreme form of subjection (as in Cameroon or Gabon, where homosexuality is associated with witchcraft and other occult forces; compare Achille Mbembe's visionary evocation of a “phallocracy”) and the often quite marginal persons who become victims of gay persecution in other contexts. More insight into the variations of what is loosely and inaccurately called “homophobia” can help connect international pressures for decriminalization and protection to local circumstances. Working through local activists is crucial for the effort to counter homophobia in Africa.

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Kane, Edward, Miranda Lloyd, Maeve Malley, and Thomas Fox. "Homophobic Abuse & LGBTQ+ Well-being in the Acute Psychiatric Setting." BJPsych Open 8, S1 (June 2022): S136—S137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.397.

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AimsHomosexuality was declassified as a mental illness in 1973 however LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer inclusive) service users still face discrimination within modern mental health services. This project assessed homophobia and LGBTQ+ abuse among service users on an acute male psychiatric ward. Our aims were to quantify the incidence of abuse, to explore staff attitudes toward LGBTQ+ abuse and to identify targets to improve LGBTQ+ service users’ experience. We hypothesised that incidents of abuse are common and not always challenged or escalated using appropriate channels.MethodsUsing a mixed methods approach we explored staff perceptions of LGBT+ abuse: quantitative data were generated from a questionnaire survey and qualitative data from a focus group.Rates of homophobic incidents were assessed by analysing clinical documentation from two inpatient samples (n = 20), covering 2020–21 and 2021–22.ResultsAnalysis of clinical documentation found three incidents from the 2020–21 sample and two from 2021–22; only one of these was reported via DATIX.The survey captured the views of the ward team including nurses, healthcare assistants (HCAs), doctors and psychologists (response n = 13). Staff attitudes towards LGBTQ+ were rated as “positive” by 77% of responders and “neutral” by 23%; 100% stated it was their professional duty to respect and protect LGBTQ+ clients. Almost two-thirds (62%) had witnessed homophobia on the ward however a similar proportion (61%) had never directly challenged homophobia. Whilst all staff felt able to care for LGBTQ+ clients, and all were familiar with key LGBTQ+ terminology, only 50% felt they had received adequate training to fully support LGBTQ+ clients.The focus group identified a nursing “lead” for LGBTQ+ issues and agreed to incorporate a “diversity statement” into ward admission rules. LGBTQ+ visibility measures were promoted including LGBTQ+ posters across the ward and staff uptake of the Rainbow Badge Initiative.ConclusionOur findings suggest homophobia is prevalent in the male inpatient psychiatric setting and management is suboptimal. Enhanced LGBTQ+ training is required to support staff to challenge every homophobic incident and escalate appropriately.Simple steps to increase LGBTQ+ visibility are feasible and popular among staff. Future work should assess the impact of such interventions, however measuring change may be hampered by underreporting.Further evaluations are needed to assess female wards and patient perspectives to build a full picture of inpatient LGBTQ+ abuse.

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Mandal, Ananya. "“I saw! I know! You disgust me…”: Manifestation of Homophobia and Patriarchal Oppression in Tennessee Williams’s Play, A Streetcar Named Desire." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 9, no. 1 (2024): 301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.91.41.

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A Western heteronormative society hints at its homophobia in diverse manners, but one of the most ubiquitous internalized notions is that of disgust and rejection. This sort of biased sexism fuels the gradual accretion of suicidal rates among LGBTQ youths. Generating homophobic discourses is one of the ways through which a hetero-patriarchal society demonstrates and maintains its power and oppression against sexual minorities and gender subalterns. Hetero-gender-based violence against women and homosexuals is also not uncommon in any society. The present paper aims to explore the manifestations of homophobia and hetero-patriarchal oppression against homosexuals and women in Tennessee William’s play, A Streetcar Named Desire. By delving into the principles of Gender Studies and Queer theories, this paper seeks to investigate the role of compulsory heterosexual and patriarchal norms in the lives of Allan, Blanche, and Stella in victimizing and silencing them violently.

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Shinde, Pranasha, and Dhananjay Shrikant Shinde. "Ismat Chughtai's Depiction of Homophobia Through the Story ‘Lihaaf’." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 8, no. 7 (July 28, 2020): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v8i7.10695.

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This study aims to bring attention to the homophobia of the famous female writer Ismat Chughtai with the help of her infamous short story ‘Lihaaf’ published in the pre-independent India. The short story ‘Lihaaf’ is a story of a homosexual woman named Begum Jan and her homosexual husband Nawab Saheb. Through this study, we are trying to bring the homophobic depiction of characters by the writer Ismat Chughtai in the short story ‘Lihaaf’, which has been ignored for a long time.

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Wijaya, Hendri Yulius. "Digital homophobia." Indonesia and the Malay World 50, no. 146 (January 2, 2022): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13639811.2022.2010357.

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Berns, Sandra, and Alan Berman. "Homophobia Perpetuated." Alternative Law Journal 30, no. 3 (June 2005): 104–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x0503000301.

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Kalman, Thomas P., Concetta M. Kalman, Maureen Connelly, and Samuel W. Perry. "Homophobia Reassessed." Psychiatric Services 38, no. 9 (September 1987): 996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.38.9.996.

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Snively, Carol A., Larry Kreuger, John J. Stretch, J. Wilson Watt, and Janice Chadha. "Understanding Homophobia." Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services 17, no. 1 (June 2004): 59–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j041v17n01_05.

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Newton, Alex. "Tackling homophobia." Headteacher Update 2015, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/htup.2015.2.30.

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Card, Claudia. "Why Homophobia?" Hypatia 5, no. 3 (1990): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.1990.tb00608.x.

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Suzanne Pharr's Homophobia: A Weapon of Sexism may be an effective tool for women committed to overcoming their own homophobia who want practical advice on recognizing and eradicating it, although as an essay in theory it does not advance the issues. The author seems unaware that Celia Kitzinger has argued recently that “homophobia” is not a helpful concept because it individualizes problems better seen as political and begs the question of the rationality of the fear. I argue that “homophobia” has been misused but that freed of the medical model and understood in connection with issues of pride and shame, it can be a helpful concept.

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Bryant, K. "Rethinking Homophobia." GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 18, no. 4 (January 1, 2012): 618–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10642684-1600770.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Homophobia'

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