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Journal articles on the topic 'Honduran Americans'
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1
Witten, Samuel M. "Velásquez Rodríguez Case." American Journal of International Law 83, no. 2 (April 1989): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2202751.
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The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (Commission) brought this action in 1986 against the Government of Honduras in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The Commission alleged that Honduras had violated Articles 4, 5 and 7 of the American Convention on Human Rights (Convention) with respect to the 1981 detention and subsequent disappearance of a Honduran student, Angel Manfredo Velásquez Rodríguez. The Court ruled for the Commission and unanimously held: (1) that domestic Honduran legal remedies were ineffective and did not bar the Court’s jurisdiction; (2) that a systematic pattern of disappearances was carried out or tolerated by Honduran government officials from 1981 to 1984; (3) that Honduras had violated the victim’s rights as part of that practice; and (4) that Honduras must therefore compensate the family of the victim and that any agreement on the form and amount of compensation must be approved by the Court. The Court further held, by six to one, that it would decide the form and amount of compensation if Honduras and the Commission were unable to negotiate an agreement within 6 months. Judge Piza filed a dissenting opinion.
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Sanchez, Jose Angel, Silvia Portillo, Matthew A. Zarka, Devon Snedden, Doug Pyle, Harris Goodman, and Daniel F. Hayes. "Improving Oncology-Pathology Collaboration in Resource-Limited Settings: An American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists Initiative." American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, no. 41 (March 2021): 199–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/edbk_320037.
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Accurate pathologic evaluation is essential for proper diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancer. ASCO and the College of American Pathologists have successfully collaborated over the last 15 years to improve collaboration between clinical oncologists and pathologists and to standardize pathologic assay techniques. Cancer is an increasingly recognized societal burden in low- and middle-income countries. In 2015, ASCO and the College of American Pathologists implemented an initiative to identify countries that could benefit from peer insights by jointly convening an international workshop among members of both organizations and pathologists and clinical oncologists from Haiti, Honduras, Vietnam, and Uganda. Honduras was chosen as a pilot site, and representatives of ASCO, the College of American Pathologists, and the Honduras pathology and clinical oncology communities have identified areas in which collaboration might be productive. Multiple barriers, including high poverty levels, poor cancer awareness educational programs, lack of human resources, and delayed diagnosis and treatment, have resulted in a higher cancer mortality rate in Honduras compared with high/moderate-income countries and are shared by other low-income countries. ASCO and the College of American Pathologists member faculty supported a symposium led by Honduras colleagues for interested Honduran pathologists and oncologists. The Honduran communities are now working to establish national resource-appropriate guidelines for both pathology and clinical oncology. Taken together, these efforts indicate that barriers to meet the needs of the clinical oncologists in a low-income country such as Honduras are challenging but not insurmountable.
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Saville, Amanda, Melodi Charles, Suchitra Chavan, Miguel Muñoz, Luis Gómez-Alpizar, and Jean Beagle Ristaino. "Population Structure of Pseudocercospora fijiensis in Costa Rica Reveals Shared Haplotype Diversity with Southeast Asian Populations." Phytopathology® 107, no. 12 (December 2017): 1541–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-02-17-0045-r.
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Pseudocercospora fijiensis is the causal pathogen of black Sigatoka, a devastating disease of banana that can cause 20 to 80% yield loss in the absence of fungicides in banana crops. The genetic structure of populations of P. fijiensis in Costa Rica was examined and compared with Honduran and global populations to better understand migration patterns and inform management strategies. In total, 118 isolates of P. fijiensis collected from Costa Rica and Honduras from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed using multilocus genotyping of six loci and compared with a previously published global dataset of populations of P. fijiensis. The Costa Rican and Honduran populations shared haplotype diversity with haplotypes from Southeast Asia, Oceania, and the Americas but not Africa for all but one of the six loci studied. Gene flow and shared haplotype diversity was found in Honduran and Costa Rican populations of the pathogen. The data indicate that the haplotypic diversity observed in Costa Rican populations of P. fijiensis is derived from dispersal from initial outbreak sources in Honduras and admixtures between genetically differentiated sources from Southeast Asia, Oceania, and the Americas.
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Tremblay-Huet, Sabrina. "Tourism and the Protection of the Cultural Rights and Identity of Indigenous Communities in the Light of the iachr Judgment in the Comunidad Garífuna Triunfo de la Cruz y sus miembros v. Honduras Case." International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 26, no. 2 (February 2, 2019): 216–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718115-02601007.
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The Inter-American system of human rights is hailed as being progressive in terms of the rights of Indigenous communities. Yet, an important economic activity in the Americas has a significant negative impact on such communities, without receiving the same international attention and resulting outcry as the activities of extractive industries: mass tourism. In October 2015, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (iachr) issued its decision on the merits in the Comunidad Garífuna Triunfo de la Cruz y sus miembros v. Honduras case. Among other violations, one concerns the failure of the Honduran state to consult with and obtain free, prior and informed consent from the Afro-Indigenous community when it comes to the planning and implementation of tourism projects. Can the Court be more innovative and progressive with regard to the rights of Indigenous peoples of the Americas in the context of the multifaceted manifestations of tourism development?
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Gordon, Todd, and Jeffery R. Webber. "Post-Coup Honduras: Latin America’s Corridor of Reaction." Historical Materialism 21, no. 3 (2013): 16–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1569206x-12341316.
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AbstractThis article offers an historical-materialist account of the coup in Honduras on 28 June 2009, which ousted democratically elected President Manuel Zelaya. It draws on over two dozen interviews with members of theFrente Nacional de la Resistencia Popular[National Front of Popular Resistance, FNRP], and participation in numerous marches and assemblies over two periods of fieldwork – January 2010, and June–July 2011. The paper steps back in time to provide an historical cartography of the basic material structures of the Honduran economy and its integration into the world market, as well as the geopolitical role it played as a launching pad for Ronald Reagan’s counter-insurgency campaigns against guerrilla forces elsewhere in the region during the 1980s. We show how the defeat of mass guerrilla insurgencies in Guatemala and El Salvador, as well as the triumph over the Sandinista government in Nicaragua by 1990, allowed for the neoliberal pacification of Central America as a whole, including Honduras. We further demonstrate how the centre-leftist Manuel Zelaya, elected to the Honduran presidency in 2006, modestly encroached upon neoliberal orthodoxy and forged geopolitical alliances with left and centre-left governments elsewhere in the region, laying the bases for his violent overthrow. Finally, the paper traces the origins, trajectory, and heterogeneity of the resistance that emerged almost immediately after the coup had been carried out.
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Dick, Carl W. "Review of the Bat Flies of Honduras, Central America (Diptera: Streblidae)." Journal of Parasitology Research 2013 (2013): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/437696.
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Streblid bat flies are obligate and host-specific blood-feeding ectoparasites of bats. While the bat flies of some American countries are well studied (e.g., Panama, Venezuela), little is known about Honduran Streblidae. Accumulation of substantial numbers of specimens, from several different collections, has enabled a relatively thorough treatment of the fauna. This study is based on 2,236 specimens representing 17 genera and 43 species of Streblidae. Of those presently reported, 11 genera and 32 species are new records for Honduras, increasing the number of known genera and species by 65% and 74%, respectively. Collection and host data are listed for all known Honduran streblid bat fly species. Comments regarding host associations and specificity, geographic distribution, and taxonomic problems are given in the species accounts.
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Kenix, Linda Jean, and Jorge Bolanos Lopez. "Representations of refugees in their home countries and abroad: A content analysis of la caravana migrante/the migrant caravan in Central America and the United States." Newspaper Research Journal 42, no. 1 (February 15, 2021): 48–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739532921989490.
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In October 2018, Honduran citizens started walking toward the American South border looking to be allowed entry into the United States due to not having work opportunities nor humanitarian aid in Honduras. More people joined them and this group was named la caravana migrante, the migrant caravan. Our content analyses of articles in five U.S. and five Central American newspapers sought to find similarities and differences in reporting. Despite differences in language and proximity to the caravan, reporting showed strong uniformity both within and across countries. Implications for universal norms of journalism as well as intermedia agenda setting were explored.
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Cáceres, Luis René. "Youth Unemployment and Underdevelopment in Honduras." International Journal of Economics and Finance 13, no. 2 (January 30, 2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v13n2p61.
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This paper analyzes the determinants and consequences of youth unemployment in Honduras. The study is based on the estimation of error correction models that express youth unemployment in terms of real sector variables. The results indicate that exports, remittances and self employment reduce youth unemployment, while the expansion of the service sector increases it; other results show that youth unemployment is susceptible to economic activity in the other Central American countries, specifically to economic growth in Guatemala, El Salvador and Nicaragua. Youth unemployment exerts negative impacts on Honduras’ productivity and on economic growth. The study also highlights the role of education on preventing youth unemployment and the importance of designing a Youth Agenda that would comprise several initiatives that are of special value to Honduran youth. It is hoped that these results would motivate policy makers and society in general to increase investments in the human capital areas so that youth avoid falling into the traps resulting from unemployment.
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Jiménez Chaves, Luis Felipe, and Rodolfo Casillas Ramírez. "Poblaciones guatemaltecas, hondureñas y salvadoreñas en México: perfiles propios y comparados con otras poblaciones latinoamericanas." Papeles de Población 25, no. 102 (December 31, 2019): 115–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22185/24487147.2019.102.34.
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En los últimos años el tema de la migración del norte centroamericano ha ganado presencia en México. La atención se ha centrado principalmente en la migración que transita por el país con el objetivo de llegar a Estados Unidos. En ese entorno, las poblaciones extranjeras inmigrantes aún no han sido materia de gran atención analítica, aunque hay apreciaciones sobre su volumen e incidencia pública. En este texto, con base en cuatro fuentes estadísticas, se caracteriza a nivel sociodemográfico y sociolaboral, el stock de inmigrantes de Guatemala, Honduras y El Salvador, de 1990 a 2015, en un ejercicio comparativo con el resto de las poblaciones latinoamericanas en México. El análisis permite concluir que hay comportamientos similares en indicadores aso- ciados a la estructura familiar, sexo y participación económica, pero profundas diferencias en cuanto a estructura etaria, niveles de escolaridad, lugar de residencia y variables asociadas a la inserción laboral.
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Wilker, Jennifer, Sally Humphries, Juan Rosas-Sotomayor, Marvin Gómez Cerna, Davoud Torkamaneh, Michelle Edwards, Alireza Navabi, and K. Pauls. "Genetic Diversity, Nitrogen Fixation, and Water Use Efficiency in a Panel of Honduran Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Landraces and Modern Genotypes." Plants 9, no. 9 (September 19, 2020): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091238.
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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) provides critical nutrition and a livelihood for millions of smallholder farmers worldwide. Beans engage in symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) with Rhizobia. Honduran hillside farmers farm marginal land and utilize few production inputs; therefore, bean varieties with high SNF capacity and environmental resiliency would be of benefit to them. We explored the diversity for SNF, agronomic traits, and water use efficiency (WUE) among 70 Honduran landrace, participatory bred (PPB), and conventionally bred bean varieties (HON panel) and 6 North American check varieties in 3 low-N field trials in Ontario, Canada and Honduras. Genetic diversity was measured with a 6K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array, and phenotyping for agronomic, SNF, and WUE traits was carried out. STRUCTURE analysis revealed two subpopulations with admixture between the subpopulations. Nucleotide diversity was greater in the landraces than the PPB varieties across the genome, and multiple genomic regions were identified where population genetic differentiation between the landraces and PPB varieties was evident. Significant differences were found between varieties and breeding categories for agronomic traits, SNF, and WUE. Landraces had above average SNF capacity, conventional varieties showed higher yields, and PPB varieties performed well for WUE. Varieties with the best SNF capacity could be used in further participatory breeding efforts.
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Echeverri-Gent, Elisavinda. "Forgotten Workers: British West Indians and the Early Days of the Banana Industry in Costa Rica and Honduras." Journal of Latin American Studies 24, no. 2 (May 1992): 275–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00023397.
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The Central America of books, and indeed of our imaginations, does not have very many black actors. That is not because blacks have not been present in the unfolding of Central American history. It is because their participation has been selectively ignored. During the last decade there have been a few welcome exceptions to this trend; however, a lacuna still remains. This article focuses on the role played by the first generation of black British West Indian immigrants in the development of the Costa Rican and Honduran labour movements - an area of history in which blacks have been particularly ignored.To this day the populations of black British West Indian descent living on the Atlantic Coast of Costa Rica and Honduras have remained outside the mainstream of political and cultural life in these two countries. It is not surprising, therefore, that they have also been neglected historically.Nowhere is this tendency more glaring than in the literature on labour history – especially that concerned with the important banana exporting sector. With few exceptions, the role of the British West Indian workers in the early period of the banana industry is dismissed. Those that acknowledge their role minimise the workers' importance by arguing that they failed to act collectively in challenging their employers. In brief, this view argues that black West Indian workers are not important to a study of labour politics in Honduras and Costa Rica.Historical evidence renders this suggestion invalid. The British West Indian workers who came to Honduras and Costa Rica during the last century in search of employment were neither indifferent to, nor totally accepting of, their situation.
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Rodriguez, Nestor P. "Undocumented Central Americans in Houston: Diverse Populations." International Migration Review 21, no. 1 (March 1987): 4–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838702100101.
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Fleeing political conflict and/or economic decline, large numbers of undocumented Central Americans have been coming to the United States since the late 1970s. Many of these migrants have settled in urban areas of the country that have large Hispanic concentrations. It is estimated that about 100,000 have settled in Houston. Interviews and observations indicate that this Central American population, composed principally of Salvadorans, Guatemalans, and Hondurans, constitutes a new diverse Latino immigrant experience in the city.
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Bereza, Beata. "¿Desintegración o reconstrucción de la identidad? Los aspectos socio-culturales de la actividad de la Iglesia pentecostal en América Central." Estudios Latinoamericanos 22 (December 31, 2002): 189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36447/estudios2002.v22.art12.
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Short description:
The article deals with the presence of the Pentecostal church in Central American countries (Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama). The Pentecostal church has grown in great numbers in the later part of the 20th century and now constitutes a majority of the protestants and large minorities in those countries. The article describes how the rise of this new religious movement had ambiguous influence on Central Americans’ identity. While it brings new ideas in place of old ones, such replacements help to revive some ideas of Central American identities, which ended up ‘damaged’ through 20th century civil wars and poverty in the region.
Short description written by Michał Gilewski
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Perlingeiro, Ricardo. "Uma perspectiva histórica da jurisdição administrativa na América Latina: tradição europeia-continental versus influência norte-americana." Revista de Investigações Constitucionais 2, no. 1 (April 30, 2015): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rinc.v2i1.43658.
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Do ponto de vista da influência norte-americana, o texto analisa a história da jurisdição administrativa, a partir do século XIX, dos 19 países latino-americanos de origem ibérica (Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicarágua, Panamá, Paraguai, Peru, República Dominicana, Uruguai e Venezuela). Examina-se o seu sistema judicial único e o due process of law procedimental e prévio às decisões da Administração, campo fértil da primary jurisdiction, em choque com a cultura europeia-continental arraigada no direito administrativo da América Latina. Ao expor as contradições da jurisdição administrativa nos países latino-americanos, ocasionadas pela importação de regras sem a devida contextualização, o texto busca identificar tendências e despertar a perspectiva quanto à construção de um modelo próprio de justiça administrativa na América Latina, aproveitando-se das experiências norte-americana e europeia-continental.
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Rosa-Lugo, Linda I., Silvia Martinez, Gloria Weddington, and Lily Waterston. "ASHA-PAHO Collaboration: Addressing Communication Disorders Across Three Countries." Perspectives on Global Issues in Communication Sciences and Related Disorders 5, no. 2 (October 2015): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/gics5.2.56.
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This article will focus on the work, challenges, and experiences of three American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Ad Hoc Committees that are collaborating in a project between ASHA and the Pan American Health Organization/Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), known as the ASHA-PAHO/WHO project. Their charge, to provide technical assistance on educational initiatives and the delivery of high quality speech- language-pathology/audiology services in three of PAHO's priority countries in Latin America, El Salvador, Honduras and Guyana, is being addressed by ASHA professionals as they share their participation in the implementation phase in these three countries.
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Hazlett, Donald L. "Species Harvested, Wood Volume Removed, and a Rare Endemic Tree (Haptanthus) from a Honduran Lowland Forest." Ceiba 53, no. 2 (April 13, 2016): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ceiba.v53i2.2506.
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For at least a century, the area of tropical American lowland forests has been in decline. One reason for this decline is logging. Logging operations in Honduras are rarely associated with botanical expeditions that identify the timber and non-timber species. This article documents the common and scientific names of trees harvested from a north-coast Honduran lowland forests from 1972-1979. During these nine years more than 50 tree species were harvested and more than 68,900 m3 of wood was extracted. The origins of the common names for many of the utilized timber trees are discussed. The most exploited trees were two species of Virola (V. koschnyi and V. guatemalensis), which comprised more than 54% of the total extracted wood volume. In second place was Ceiba pentandra with more than 23% of the extracted wood. Huertea cf. cubensis and Sterculia mexicana trees were cut and utilized before they were known to occur in Honduras. A previously unknown endemic tree was collected from this logged area in 1980. This species has primitive angiosperm traits and was described as Haptanthus hazlettii (Buxaceae) in 1989. It was presumed to be extinct several decades, but was rediscovered in 2010. The original discovery, subsequent interest, and the current status of 44 known individuals of this endemic and endangered species are discussed. Primitive traits and the first complete taxonomic description (with fruits) for this taxon are included. Other little known native and endemic plants that occur in this region, especially species with ethnobotanical uses are discussed. The forest area removed in the 1970s is now very fragmented, which threatens the survival of endemic tree species.Ceiba, 2012. Vol. 53(2):81-94
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Pato, Enrique. "Principales rasgos gramaticales del español de Honduras." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 137, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 147–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2021-0005.
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Abstract This work offers an in-depth description of the main morphosyntactic (and lexical) features found in present Honduran Spanish, a lesser-known Central American variety. Text corpora and sociolinguistic surveys help us to provide an updated grammatical overview, which takes into account most categories: nouns and adjectives, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, prepositions and locutions, and illustrates with examples taken both from formal and informal settings. By comparing these features with previous grammatical descriptions, this study helps in identifying some common American features ―such as the use of con todo y and the pluralization of impersonal haber― as well as some specific patterns ―such as the prominence of -ada and -eco suffixes, algotro pronoun and expletive lo― in present-day Honduran Spanish, some of which remain to be incorporated in the Academy grammar.
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Perlingeiro, Ricardo, Ivonne Díaz, and Milena Liani. "Princípios sobre o direito de acesso à informação oficial na América Latina." Revista de Investigações Constitucionais 3, no. 2 (July 19, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rinc.v3i2.46451.
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O presente texto tem como ponto de partida os 10 princípios sobre o direito de acesso à informação, declarados, em 2008, pelo Comitê Jurídico Interamericano (CJI) da Organização dos Estados Americanos (OEA), e a Lei Modelo Interamericana sobre Acesso à Informação Pública da OEA, de 2010, os quais sistematizam a jurisprudência da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos (Corte I.D.H.). Trata-se de estudo comparado que – à luz da teoria dos direitos fundamentais - afere o nível da influência do Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos em face da legislação e precedentes judiciais dos 18 Estados latino-americanos de origem ibérica sujeitos à Convenção Americana (Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Chile, Colômbia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Equador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicarágua, Panamá, Paraguai, Peru, República Dominicana, Uruguai e Venezuela). Em consequência, traz à evidência os pontos positivos e negativos das leis nacionais na América Latina acerca do acesso à informação.
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dos Santos, Thais Helena, Jose L. San Martin, Luis G. Castellanos, and Marcos A. Espinal. "Dengue in the Americas: Honduras' worst outbreak." Lancet 394, no. 10215 (December 2019): 2149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(19)32531-0.
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Mark Ruhl, J. "Redefining Civil-Military Relations in Honduras." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 38, no. 1 (1996): 33–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166395.
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During the last two decades, military rulers have been replaced by democratically elected civilian governments throughout Latin America. Nevertheless, scholars (Mainwaring et al., 1992:3,8) contend that nearly all contemporary Latin American polities remain unconsolidated democratic regimes principally because civilian control over the armed forces has not yet been established. Although the armed forces have returned to their barracks, they have retained considerable political and institutional autonomy. A number of scholars (Loveman, 1994; Agüero, 1992; and others) emphasize that most Latin American constitutions still recognize the military's right to intervene when the constitutional order is threatened. The armed forces are also generally granted broad jurisdiction over internal security, as well as the freedom to organize their institution without civilian interference. There is a considerable body of opinion which maintains that fears of military intervention continue to constrain the behavior of civilian politicians and social groups (Valenzuela, 1992; O'Donnell and Schmitter, 1986; Rouquié, 1986; and Rial, 1990).
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Espinal, Mario, and José Manuel Mora. "Primer Registro de la Avoceta Americana (Recurvirostra americana) para el Sur de Honduras." Ceiba 52, no. 2 (January 22, 2015): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ceiba.v52i2.1719.
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La avoceta americana (Recurvirostra americana) se distribuye desde la parte central-sur de Canadá hasta el centro y otros sectores de los Estados Unidos de América, México y Centroamérica. En Honduras, la avoceta es un raro visitante de invierno con registros muy escasos en la costa norte del país. El 28 de octubre de 2009, observamos y fotografiamos dos individuos de esta especie alimentándose en las orillas de la laguna de invierno Guameru, Choluteca (13° 06ʼ 25.82ˮ N y 87° 09ʼ 30.87ˮ O). Ambas aves tenían un plumaje no reproductivo con la cabeza y el cuerpo blanco, y las alas negras. Este ese el primer registro documentado de Recurvirostra americana para el departamento de Choluteca y todo el Sur de Honduras. Esta observación resalta la necesidad de realizar inventarios de la biodiversidad en la región costera del Golfo de Fonseca y otros sitios sensibles de Honduras.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/ceiba.v52i2.1719
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Schuermann, Lily, Silvia Martinez, Gloria Weddington, and Linda I. Rosa-Lugo. "Strengthening Relationship between the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) and the Pan American Health Organization, Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO)." Perspectives on Global Issues in Communication Sciences and Related Disorders 4, no. 2 (September 2014): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/gics4.2.75.
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This article will provide a discussion of the innovative ways ASHA is collaborating with the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) to improve the delivery of high quality SLP/A services in three of the most impoverished countries in Latin America, Guyana, El Salvador, and Honduras. The ASHA Board of Directors (BOD) established a Strategic Pathway to Excellence with an objective to “Strengthen Strategic Relationships” by engaging with organizations to support ASHA's mission and expand influence worldwide (ASHA, 2012). One priority was to identify opportunities to collaborate with the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, BOD approved a joint collaboration project between ASHA and the PAHO, Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), known as the ASHA-PAHO/WHO project.
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Marins, José, and Teolide M. Trevisan. "Os latino-americanos e caribenhos no IX Intereclesial." Revista Eclesiástica Brasileira 57, no. 228 (December 31, 1997): 881–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.29386/reb.v57i228.2431.
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Aljamal, Yousef M., and Philipp O. Amour. "Palestinian Diaspora Communities in Latin America and Palestinian Statehood." Journal of Holy Land and Palestine Studies 19, no. 1 (May 2020): 101–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hlps.2020.0230.
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There are some 700,000 Latin Americans of Palestinian origin, living in fourteen countries of South America. In particular, Palestinian diaspora communities have a considerable presence in Chile, Honduras, and El Salvador. Many members of these communities belong to the professional middle classes, a situation which enables them to play a prominent role in the political and economic life of their countries. The article explores the evolving attitudes of Latin American Palestinians towards the issue of Palestinian statehood. It shows the growing involvement of these communities in Palestinian affairs and their contribution in recent years towards the wide recognition of Palestinian rights — including the right to self-determination and statehood — in Latin America. But the political views of members of these communities also differ considerably about the form and substance of a Palestinian statehood and on the issue of a two-states versus one-state solution.
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Fuentes, Itzel, Karla Henriquez, Fausto Muñoz, Elsa Palou, Tito Alvarado, Ivette Lorenzana, Víctor Valladares, Arturo Corrales, Lysien Zambrano, and Manuel Sierra. "COVID-19 situation in Honduras: lessons learned." Gaceta Médica de Caracas 128, S2 (December 1, 2020): S242—S250. http://dx.doi.org/10.47307/gmc.2020.128.s2.12.
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Introduction: Several emerging and re-emerging diseases in the last decade have shown the global weakness to detect and act in a timely manner in situations that threaten the health of the planet. Latin America has been vulnerable to outbreaks as a result of increased poverty, social inequity and the poor response capacity of the public health system. Objective: Describe the situation of COVID-19 in Honduras and the challenges it presents. Methodology: Analysis of the epidemiology and control strategies applied in the country to contain the spread of SARS-CoV-2, in the context of the social and economic reality until September 18, 2020. Results: Honduras ranks fifth in Central America in the number of tests performed; the cumulative incidence rate of cases is 7 105 per million inhabitants. The country has an accelerated growth in the percentage of positivity with intense community transmission. Some 63.4 % of cases are concentrated in the group 20-49 years old (43 624 cases); 15.2 % in adults 60+ (10 440 cases) and 7.5 % in children under 20 (5 133 cases). With a disjointed health system and a chronic and recurrent shortage of physical and human resources, the National Risk Management System (SINAGER), which includes the Ministry of Health (SESAL), implemented various strategies to reduce the spread of the virus. Some control measures were border closures, physical distancing and the use of masks were made mandatory by legislative decree. The serious impact on the weak national economy forced an intelligent opening coinciding with the rise of cases. Conclusions: Current data show that the age group most affected is adults between 20 and 49 years old. The country’s socioeconomic situation has been aggravated by the pandemic; the continuous rise in the number of cases, hospitalizations and deaths has collapsed the public health system leaving the majority of Hondurans in continuous vulnerability. Primary care clinics and mobile medical brigades have been implemented as a new way to contain the spread and impact of transmission. Several European countries and cities in the Americas have had to reverse the process of economic reopening when faced with successive waves of outbreaks. Honduras has demonstrated limited capacity to deal with catastrophic situations. The national epidemiological surveillance system and access to timely and quality diagnostic tests remain weak and fragmented. There is an urgent need to improve the health and surveillance system to guide strategic evidence-based decision making and to prevent future pandemics.
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Gill, Regina M., Saira A. Khan, Robert T. Jackson, and Marguerite Duane. "Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome in Central and South American Immigrant Residents of the Washington, DC, Area." Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9531964.
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The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and its risk components and then compare differences in the risk components among low-income, uninsured Central and South American recent immigrants to the USA. This cross-sectional survey sampled 1,042 adult patients from a medical clinic in metropolitan Washington, DC. The overall prevalence of the MetS was 26.9% estimated using the modified harmonized definition. The most common abnormal metabolic indicator for women was an elevated BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2(36.1%), while, for men, it was an elevated triglyceride level (46.5%). The risk of abnormal MetS indicators increased steadily with increasing BMI. The abnormal indicator combination identifying the most subjects with the MetS included the following: high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, and obesity. MetS rates were highest among subjects from El Salvador and Honduras, 31.3% and 28.0%, respectively, and lowest among subjects from Bolivia (21.7%). Dyslipidemia and high BMI increased the likelihood of having the MetS, which is consistent with studies on Mexican Americans in the San Antonio Heart Study and studies within Central and South American countries. This study adds new baseline epidemiological data for largely understudied, low-income, and mostly recent immigrant groups.
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Arias, Arturo. "From the Cold War to the Cruelty of Violence: Jean Franco's Critical Trajectory from The Decline and Fall of the Lettered City to Cruel Modernity." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 3 (May 2016): 701–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.3.701.
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The Cuban Revolution Generated a New Communist Paranoia in the United States. Interest in Latin America Grew Dramatically after Castro's rise to power in 1959 and was partly responsible for the explosive growth in the number of scholars specializing in hemispheric issues during the 1960s. Latin Americans, in turn, saw this phase of the Cold War as a furthering of imperial aggression by the United States. The Eisenhower administration's authoritarian diplomatic maneuvers to isolate Guatemala by accusing the country's democratically elected president, Jacobo Arbenz (1950-54), of being a communist and by pressuring members of the Organization of American States to do likewise had already alarmed intellectuals and artists in Latin America five years before. On 17 June 1954, Carlos Castillo Armas and a band of a few hundred mercenaries invaded the country from Honduras with logistical support from the Central Intelligence Agency in an operation code-named PBSUCCESS, authorized by President Eisenhower in August 1953. By 1 July 1954 the so-called Movement of National Liberation had taken over Guatemala. Angela Fillingim's research evidences how the United States officially viewed Guatemala as “Pre-Western,” according to “pre-established criteria,” because the Latin American country had failed to eliminate its indigenous population (5-6). Implicitly, the model was that of the nineteenth-century American West. As a solution, the State Department proposed “finishing the Conquest.”
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Rojas, Aldo, Anders Kvarnheden, and Jari P. T. Valkonen. "Geminiviruses Infecting Tomato Crops in Nicaragua." Plant Disease 84, no. 8 (August 2000): 843–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.8.843.
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Geminiviruses transmitted by whiteflies are believed to be responsible for the devastating epidemic in tomato crops in Nicaragua, as well as in other Central American countries. Polymerase chain reaction with degenerate primers was used to amplify partial sequences of the geminivirus coat protein gene from samples of diseased tomato plants collected from the major tomato-growing areas of Nicaragua. The data indicated the presence of geminiviruses in all tested regions of the country. DNA sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis of the amplified sequences showed that they corresponded to four different geminiviruses related to the other begomoviruses native to the Americas. One of the viruses, which was detected in three regions of Nicaragua, is probably Sinaloa tomato leaf curl virus. The sequences of two of the other detected viruses showed close relationships with several geminiviruses, including Tomato mottle virus, Tomato leaf crumple virus, and Sida golden mosaic virus, all of which previously have been reported from Central America. The fourth virus is closely related at sequence level to a tomato-infecting geminivirus from Honduras, putatively designated Tomato mild mottle virus. This virus seems to be different from the other known American begomoviruses because it groups separately in the phylogenetic analysis.
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Balerini Casal, Emiliano Francisco. "La asesoría militar argentina en Honduras." Diálogos Revista Electrónica 19, no. 2 (June 29, 2018): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/dre.v19i2.31144.
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Este trabajo puede leerse la influencia que el Ejército argentino tuvo en las Fuerzas Armadas hondureñas para desestabilizar políticamente al gobierno del Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional (FSLN), así como a las guerrillas de El Salvador y Guatemala, a partir de 1980. Para poder explicar lo anterior es necesario hacer un breve recorrido por la historia que rodeó a la Junta Militar Argentina entre 1976 y 1983, y el éxito que tuvo con su política contrainsurgente.La extraterritorialización de su sistema represivo, propuesta en la Conferencia de Ejércitos Americanos (CEA), en noviembre de 1979 en Bogotá, Colombia, es un punto que se debe analizar, pues es a partir de esta propuesta formal de asesoramiento militar a distintos países de la región que se dio la intervención del país sudamericano en Centroamérica.El autor pretende contribuir a los estudios y al debate que en los últimos tiempos se realizan en la materia en distintas universidades de América Latina, como la UNAM, en México y la UBA, en Argentina. EL artículo representa un acercamiento a la forma en la que operó la dictadura militar argentina en Honduras, país que sirvió como base para que se entrenara La Contra.
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García Bueso, Yeny Arely. "La experiencia de Fundación CAMO en el mejoramiento de la educación en el occidente de Honduras." Innovare: Revista de ciencia y tecnología 10, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 52–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/innovare.v10i1.11419.
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En Honduras, el 12.8% de las personas mayores de 15 años no sabe leer ni escribir, según un informe del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE) del 2018. Los datos indican que la tasa de analfabetismo continúa siendo mayor en la población hondureña del área rural (20.2%). Adicionalmente, el analfabetismo es superior en las personas de mayor edad. Esta condición limitante es una de las principales razones del compromiso de Central American Medical Outreach (CAMO) en Honduras, organización internacional sin fines de lucro que ofrece servicios en educación, servicios médicos y desarrollo comunitario. CAMO Honduras se propuso en mejorar el acceso a la educación primaria y básica de los niños y niñas de escasos recursos económicos en áreas rurales, así como el mejoramiento de la calidad de educación en las escuelas rurales y urbanas que no cuentan con las condiciones adecuadas para la enseñanza y el desarrollo intelectual de la niñez.
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Kasparyan, D. R. "A new species of Bicryptella Townes from Honduras (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Cryptinae)." Zoosystematica Rossica 14, no. 2 (January 27, 2006): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2005.14.2.267.
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A new species of ichneumon-flies, Bicryptella yanegai sp. n. (Cryptinae), is described from Honduras. The genus Bicryptella is recorded from North America for the first time. A key for separation of the new species from South American species of the genus is given.
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Cademartori, Daniela Mesquita Leutchuk de, and Marlise da Rosa Luz. "DIREITOS HUMANOS E MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS QUILOMBOLAS NA PERSPECTIVA DE CASOS SUBMETIDOS À CORTE INTERAMERICANA." Revista Direito & Paz 1, no. 40 (July 19, 2019): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.32713/rdp.v1i40.974.
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RESUMO: O trabalho faz reflexões a partir de uma abordagem histórica do movimento quilombola, suas conquistas e desafios na efetivação de seus direitos em um contexto das decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos. Apresentam-se cinco casos levados ao conhecimento e julgamento da Corte na expectativa de sua atuação protetiva, bem como de um espaço de visibilidade para estes movimentos sociais, envolvendo povos quilombolas do Suriname, Honduras e Colômbia.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Quilombolas; Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos; Movimentos sociais;
ABSTRACT: The work reflects on a historical approach to the quilombola movement its achievements and challenges in the realization of its rights in a contexto of the decisions of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. Five cases are brought to the knowledge and judgment of the Court in the expectation of its protective action, as well as a spece of visibility of these movements, involving quilombola people from Suriname, Honduras and Colombia.
KEYWORDS: Quilombolas; Inter-American Court of Human Rights; Social Movements
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Zambrano, Lysien I., Edith Rodriguez, Iván Alfonso Espinoza-Salvado, and Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales. "Dengue in Honduras and the Americas: The epidemics are back!" Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 31 (September 2019): 101456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2019.07.012.
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Haylock, Carolina. "Practice of ambulatory anesthesia in honduras: The central American experience." Seminars in Anesthesia, Perioperative Medicine and Pain 16, no. 3 (September 1997): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-0326(97)80037-2.
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Higgins, Nicholas A. "Analysis of Work in an American Coffee Shop in Honduras." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 58, no. 1 (September 2014): 1629–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931214581340.
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Ratschbacher, Lothar, Leander Franz, Myo Min, Raik Bachmann, Uwe Martens, Klaus Stanek, Konstanze Stübner, et al. "The North American-Caribbean Plate boundary in Mexico-Guatemala-Honduras." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 328, no. 1 (2009): 219–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp328.11.
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Membreño, E. L., C. M. Regalado, N. D. Peña, E. J. López, S. Bejarano, and M. A. Crespin. "Detection of High Oncogenic Risk Human Papilloma Virus With CareHPV Test in Women Attended in Health Units in Copán Honduras." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 148s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.40700.
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Background and context: Persistent infection with high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) is identified as the main cause of premalignant and malignant cervical diseases. The identification of HR-HPV by viral DNA has been used in multiple studies to characterize the infection, the careHPV test presented HR-HPV prevalence in Latin American countries of: Costa Rica (16%), Mexico (14.5%), Colombia (14.9%), and Chile (14.0%). Cervical cancer represents a public health problem in Latin America, and in Honduras is the main cause of cancer in women. Half of Honduran women at risk are not systematically screened for cervical cancer. Aim: Identifying women at risk for premalignant lesions with rapid and efficient tests can guarantee timely treatment. Strategy/Tactics: Retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study at Copán health units (La Entrada, Florida, Trinidad and San Juan Planes), where the results of the careHPV test were analyzed to determine HR-HPV genotypes, in 540 women between 30 and 65 year from September 2016 to March 2017. Program/Policy process: Positive patients received VIAA, and colposcopy/biopsy according to national cervical cancer screening guideline 2015. Outcomes: 458 negative women for HR-HPV 85% and 82 positive women 15%. The age group with the highest prevalence of HR-HPV was 30-49 years. Of 69 positive women, 64 received visual inspection with acetic acid (93%), 47 resulted with negative VIAA (73%), 2 with positive VIAA suspected invasive cancer, both were referred to colposcopy/biopsy, and 15 women with positive VIAA (24%) referred to cryotherapy. What was learned: The prevalence of infection by HR-HPV in the study group was 15%, similar to that reported in the literature. Standardizing the use of careHPV as a screening test can guarantee the prevention of invasive stages of cervical cancer.
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Lorenzen, Matthew. "The Mixed Motives of Unaccompanied Child Migrants from Central America's Northern Triangle." Journal on Migration and Human Security 5, no. 4 (December 2017): 744–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/233150241700500402.
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A growing body of literature has argued that the distinction between forced and voluntary migration can be, in practice, unclear. This literature points out that each individual migrant may have mixed motives for migrating, including both forced and voluntary reasons. Few studies, however, have actually set out to analyze mixed-motive migration. This paper examines the mixed-motive migration of unaccompanied minors from Central America's Northern Triangle states (Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador), using data from a small 2016 survey carried out in 10 shelters for unaccompanied child migrants run by a Mexican government child welfare agency. Using this survey, the paper identifies the immigrating minor's motives, which are oftentimes mixed, and details differences by nationality, gender, and age groups. Some of the key findings include: • Around one-third of the child migrants surveyed had mixed motives, including both forced and voluntary reasons for migrating. • Violence appears most often as a reason for migrating among minors with mixed motives, as opposed to the search for better opportunities, which appears more often as an exclusive motive. • Significant differences between the three nationalities are observed. Relatively few Guatemalan minors indicated violence as a motive, and few displayed mixed motives, as opposed to Hondurans, and especially Salvadorans. • The minors fleeing violence, searching for better opportunities, and indicating both motives at the same time were largely mature male adolescents. • The minors mentioning family reunification as their sole motive were predominantly girls and young children. The results indicate that binary formulations regarding forced and voluntary migration are often inadequate. This has important implications, briefly addressed in the conclusions. These implications include: • the need for migration scholars to consider forced reasons for migrating in the context of mixed-motive migration; • the fact that mixed motives call into question the established, clear-cut categories that determine whether someone is worthy of humanitarian protection or not; • the need to have in-depth, attentive, and individual asylum screening because motives may be interconnected and entangled, and because forced reasons may be hidden behind voluntary motives; and • the need for a more flexible policy approach, so that immigration systems may be more inclusive of migrants with mixed motives.
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Marceniuk, Alexandre P., and Ricardo Betancur-R. "Revision of the species of the genus Cathorops (Siluriformes: Ariidae) from Mesoamerica and the Central American Caribbean, with description of three new species." Neotropical Ichthyology 6, no. 1 (March 2008): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-62252008000100004.
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The ariid genus Cathorops includes species that occur mainly in estuarine and freshwater habitats of the eastern and western coasts of southern Mexico, Central and South America. The species of Cathorops from the Mesoamerica (Atlantic slope) and Caribbean Central America are revised, and three new species are described: C. belizensis from mangrove areas in Belize; C. higuchii from shallow coastal areas and coastal rivers in the Central American Caribbean, from Honduras to Panama; and C. kailolae from río Usumacinta and lago Izabal basins in Mexico and Guatemala. Additionally, C. aguadulce, from the río Papaloapan basin in Mexico, and C. melanopus from the río Motagua basin in Guatemala and Honduras, are redescribed and their geographic distributions are revised.
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Vlosky, Richard P., Juan Antonio Aguirre, Edna Carolina Soihet Montes, Lucie K. Ozanne, and Gabriela Silva. "Certification in Honduras: Perspectives of wood product manufacturers, consumers, NGOs and government forest policymakers." Forestry Chronicle 75, no. 4 (August 1, 1999): 646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc75646-4.
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Although research has been conducted that examines certification issues from stakeholder perspectives in temperate forest regions, very little has been done in tropical supplier countries. This study identifies key certification issues in Honduras, a Central American producer and exporter of forest products. Five stake-holder groups were studied: primary wood products manufacturers, secondary manufacturers, government forestry policymakers, non-governmental organizations and consumers. Results indicate that there a general lack of awareness about certification, an increasing willingness-to-pay for certification as one moves from the forest to the consumer, the need for transparency in the process, and the belief that certification should be conducted by the government at a national level. Key words: certification, wood products, Honduras
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Fleming, John. "Honduras's Teatro La Fragua: The Many Faces of Political Theatre." TDR/The Drama Review 46, no. 2 (June 2002): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105420402320980505.
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From 1979 to the present day, this theatre, founded by an American Jesuit, has been a very strong liberatory force in a Honduras that remains a neo-feudal society. La Fragua bases its work on what its director Jack Warner avows are the four needs of human beings: food, shelter, prayer, and art.
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De Jesus, Maria, and Carissa Hernandes. "Generalized Violence as a Threat to Health and Well-Being: A Qualitative Study of Youth Living in Urban Settings in Central America’s “Northern Triangle”." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 18 (September 18, 2019): 3465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16183465.
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El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras rank among the top 10 countries experiencing violence in the world, despite not being at war. Although there is abundant literature on generalized violence in this “northern triangle” of Central America as a driver of out-migration to the United States, very little is known about the perspectives and experiences of youth who do not migrate. This study aimed to elicit the emic perspectives of youth residing in the region on how the day-to-day generalized violence produces a pervasive threat to the overall health and human security of youth as well as the key protective factors and resiliencies at work. We conducted two separate waves of qualitative research in 2015 and 2018 over a 6-month period, which included 60 in-depth interviews and six focus groups among Salvadoran, Guatemalan and Honduran youth living in urban areas. Qualitative thematic analysis revealed two meta-themes: (1) ‘Lack of health,’ defined as not experiencing peace within the family, the community, and the country’ and (2) ‘Resilience.’ Thematic clusters that reflect the first meta-theme are: (1) violence as a common occurrence; (2) living in fear and insecurity; (3) victimization; and (4) lack of state protection and services. Thematic clusters for the second meta-theme are: (1) a positive future outlook and a commitment to education; (2) transnational and local family network support; and (3) engagement in community-based youth groups. To interpret the findings, we adopt the Latin American Social Medicine and Collective Health (LASM-CH) approach that prioritizes perspectives from the region. Generalized violence is conceptualized as a systemic phenomenon that is generated and reproduced through the complex interactions of structural inequities and unequal power relations. The findings of this study provide new insights into the implementation of a different approach to address the generalized violence, insights that may guide multi-sectoral health policies and interventions both in the region and transnationally.
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MAHONEY, JAMES. "Radical, Reformist and Aborted Liberalism: Origins of National Regimes in Central America." Journal of Latin American Studies 33, no. 2 (May 2001): 221–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x0100606x.
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During the twentieth century, the countries of Central America were characterised by remarkably different political regimes: military-authoritarianism in Guatemala and El Salvador, progressive democracy in Costa Rica and traditional-authoritarianism in Honduras and Nicaragua. This article explains these contrasting regime outcomes by exploring the agrarian and state-building reforms pursued by political leaders during the nineteenth- and early twentieth-century liberal reform period. Based on differences in the transformation of state and class structures, three types of liberalism are identified: radical liberalism in Guatemala and El Salvador, reformist liberalism in Costa Rica and aborted liberalism in Honduras and Nicaragua. It is argued that these types of liberalism set the Central American countries on contrasting paths of political development, culminating in diverse regime outcomes.
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Sell, Zach. "Asian Indentured Labor in the Age of African American Emancipation." International Labor and Working-Class History 91 (2017): 8–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547916000375.
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AbstractThis article examines transnational connections between African American emancipation in the United States and Chinese and Indian indenture within the British Empire. In an era of social upheaval and capitalist crisis, planters and colonial officials envisioned coolies as a source of uninterrupted plantation labor. This vision was often bound to the conditions of African American emancipation. In British Honduras, colonial officials sought to bring emancipated African Americans to the colony as labor for sugar plantations. When this project failed, interest turned toward indentured Chinese labor managed by white planters from the U.S. South. In India’s North-Western Provinces, the outbreak of famine came to be seen as a “kindred distress” to the crisis in Lancashire’s textile industry. Unemployed English factory workers were seen as suffering from famine due to the scarcity of slave-produced cotton, just as colonial subjects suffered from scarcity of food. While some weavers in the North-Western Provinces were taken into the coolie trade, the emigration of unemployed Lancashire weavers was looked to as a possible alternative to indenture. Drawing upon archives in Australia, Belize, Britain, India, and the United States, this article explores connections between seemingly disparate histories. By focusing upon their interrelation, this article locates the formation of crisis not in raw materials, but rather within a transnational struggle over racialized labor exploitation, or what W.E.B. Du Bois called the “dark and vast sea of human labor.”
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Rue, David J. "Archaic Middle American Agriculture and Settlement: Recent Pollen Data from Honduras." Journal of Field Archaeology 16, no. 2 (1989): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/529889.
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Rue, David J. "Archaic Middle American Agriculture and Settlement: Recent Pollen Data from Honduras." Journal of Field Archaeology 16, no. 2 (January 1989): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/jfa.1989.16.2.177.
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ANDERSON, ROBERT S. "A taxonomic monograph of the Middle American leaf-litter inhabiting weevil genus Theognete Champion (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Molytinae; Lymantini)." Zootaxa 2458, no. 1 (May 14, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2458.1.1.
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The formerly monobasic genus Theognete Champion is revised. The two syntypes of Theognete laevis Champion are found to represent two species, one of which is described as T. championi Anderson, new species. Another 92 new species are also recognized. The 94 known species are grouped into 8 informal species groups, based largely on the structure of the thoracic sterna. These are (numbers of species in group and distribution for each species in parentheses): Theognete araneiformis species group (6)—T. araneiformis Anderson, new species (México, Puebla); T. gracilis Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo); T. azteca Anderson, new species (México, Veracruz); T. striatifemur Anderson, new species (México, Tamaulipas); T. kovariki Anderson, new species (México, Tamaulipas); T. tuberosa Anderson, new species (México, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí); Theognete laevis species group (4)—T. laevis Champion (México, Veracruz); T. championi Anderson, new species Guatemala (Quezaltenango, San Marcos); T. janzeni Anderson, new species México (Oaxaca); T. cozari Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); Theognete denticulata species group (5)—T. denticulata Anderson, new species (México, Puebla); T. caviventris Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo, Puebla, Querétaro, San Luis Potosí); T. thibodeaui Anderson, new species (México, Veracruz); T. fulgida Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí); T. stefurinoi Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); Theognete semistriata species group (5)—T. semistriata Anderson, new species (México,Guerrero); T. akros Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. semiopaca Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. humilis Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. elongata Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); Theognete bothynometopon species group (10)—T. bothynometopon Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. giselae Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. carinata Anderson, new species (México, Guerrero); T. genieri Anderson, new species (Guatemala, Quezaltenango); T. plumosa Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. birdi Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. ashei Anderson, new species (Honduras, Santa Barbara); T. pragudemi Anderson, new species (El Salvador, Santa Ana; Honduras, Lempira); T. jeanae Anderson, new species (El Salvador, Santa Ana, Chalatenango; Honduras, Lempira); T. chiapaneca Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); Theognete tzotzil species group (36)—T. tzotzil Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. ludvigseni Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. howdenorum Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. lutulenta Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. campbelli Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. zapatista Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. braunae Anderson, new species (Guatemala, Baja Verapaz); T. lapouimetorum Anderson, new species (Guatemala, Zacapa); T. schusteri Anderson, new species (Guatemala, Sacatepequez); T. peckorum Anderson, new species (México (Oaxaca); T. montana Anderson, new species México (Chiapas); T. scopulus Anderson, new species México, Chiapas); T. clavisetosa Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. huitepec Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. backorum Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. confusa Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. balli Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. lalondei Anderson, new species (Guatemala, Totonicapan); T. schaubeli Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. sylvatica Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. hortenseae Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. gaia Anderson, new species (México, Veracruz); T. echinata Anderson, new species (México, Tamaulipas); T. lalannei Anderson, new species (Honduras, Cortes, Ocotepeque; El Salvador, Santa Ana, Chaltenango); T. cavei Anderson, new species (Honduras, Olancho); T. trusterae Anderson, new species (Honduras, Lempira); T. coleadesi Anderson, new species (Honduras, Santa Bárbara); T. jonesi Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. maturini Anderson, new species (Honduras, Santa Bárbara, Yoro); T. cortesi Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. maziaki Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. barringerorum Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. evelynae Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. illuviosa Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. weadockae Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. galvezi Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); Theognete distenta species group (18)—T. distenta Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo); T. kaulbarsi Anderson, new species (México, Veracruz); T. baranowskii Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. globosa Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. fossor Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. terrestris Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. lalibertei Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. dansereaui Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. desautelsi Anderson,6 · Zootaxa 2458 © 2010 Magnolia Pressnew species (México, Oaxaca); T. newtoni Anderson, new species (México, Puebla); T. weiri Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. romanoi Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. broadheadae Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. chauliothorax Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí); T. boaseae Anderson, new species (Honduras, Comayagua); T. corderoi Anderson, new species (Honduras, Comayagua); T. adarmstrongae Anderson, new species (México, Chiapas); T. laurentae, new species (México, Querétaro); Theognete hesmos species group (10)—T. hesmos Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo); T. minuta Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo); T. harbini Anderson, new species (México, Hidalgo); T. reprela Anderson, new species (México, Veracruz); T. michaudi Anderson, new species (México, México); T. lakarms Anderson, new species (México, Veracruz); T. tomneyeae Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. cristata Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca); T. grimblyae Anderson, new species (México, Querétaro); T. draco Anderson, new species (México, Oaxaca). Species groups are characterized and taxonomic composition and general distribution and ecological correlates summarized. Diagnoses and distributions are given for all species and ecological information is presented where available. Local endemism is remarkable throughout the genus, nearly all species known from one or only a limited number of proximal localities. Individual distribution maps are not presented but .kmz data files for use with GoogleEarth® are presented as hot links under the distribution for each species group. Immature stages, life history and food habits are not known for any of the species, although the larvae are presumed to feed in dead wood, as do other members of Lymantini and related tribes. The species are distributed as follows: México (78), Honduras (10), Guatemala (6), El Salvador (3). This study represents the results of over 20 years of intensive leaf litter collections made in México and northern Middle America.
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Derunkov, Alexander, Laura R. Prado, Alexey K. Tishechkin, and Alexander S. Konstantinov. "New species of Diabrotica Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) and a key to Diabrotica and related genera: results of a synopsis of North and Central American Diabrotica species." Journal of Insect Biodiversity 3, no. 2 (February 5, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12976/jib/2015.3.2.
Full textAbstract:
The following 18 new species of Diabrotica are described and illustrated as a result of the synopsis of North and Central American species: D. barclayi sp. nov., Guatemala; D. caveyi sp. nov., Costa Rica; D. costaricensis sp. nov., Costa Rica; D. dmitryogloblini sp. nov., Mexico; D. duckworthorum sp. nov., Honduras; D. hartjei sp. nov., Panama; D. josephbalyi sp. nov., Costa Rica; D. lawrencei sp. nov., Mexico; D. mantillerii sp. nov., Panama; D. martinjacobyi sp. nov., Honduras; D. mitteri sp. nov., Panama; D. perkinsi sp. nov., Guatemala; D. redfordae sp. nov., Costa Rica; D. reysmithi sp. nov., Costa Rica; D. salvadorensis sp. nov., El Salvador; D. sel sp. nov., Panama; D. spangleri sp. nov., Costa Rica; D. waltersi sp. nov., Panama. In addition, a key to separate Diabrotica from related genera is presented.
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Armbruster-Sandoval, Ralph. "Globalization and Transnational Labor Organizing." Social Science History 27, no. 4 (2003): 551–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200012682.
Full textAbstract:
The proliferation of garment industry sweatshops over the past 20 years has generated numerous cross-border (transnational) organizing campaigns involving U.S., Mexican, and Central American labor unions and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). This article examines one such campaign that took place at the Honduran maquiladora factory known as Kimi. The Kimi workers (along with their transnational allies) struggled for six years before they were legally recognized as a union, and they negotiated one of the few collective bargaining agreements in the entire Central American region. The factory eventually shut down, however. Based on Margaret Keck and Kathryn Sikkink's “boomerang effect” model, this case study analyzes why these positive and negative outcomes occurred. It concludes with some observations about “the enemy” and offers short-, medium-, and long-term suggestions for the broader antisweatshop movement.
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Chacón-Víquez, Luis Diego. "DIAGNÓSTICO SITUACIONAL DE LA FORMACIÓN DE DOCENTES EN HONDURAS." Revista Electrónica Calidad en la Educación Superior 7, no. 1 (May 31, 2016): 205–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/caes.v7i1.1439.
Full textAbstract:
Este diagnóstico situacional, enmarcado dentro de la metodología de la revisión bibliográfica, nace como parte del programa Latinoamericano de Doctorado en Educación de la Universidad de Costa Rica. En este documento se analiza dentro de un contexto sociocultural e histórico el proceso de desarrollo que ha vivido la formación docente en la región Latinoamérica, desde el inicio de los procesos independentistas en el siglo XIX, por medio de las escuelas normales, hasta la profesionalización de los maestros en el plano del nivel terciario a través de universidades e institutos pedagógicos, a mediados del siglo XX y que continúan en nuestros días. Mucha de la preocupación que se presenta en el análisis de los diferentes contextos se relaciona con la mejora de las condiciones en las que se da la formación docente. Se han implementado cambios buscando que el desempeño docente siempre esté en sintonía con los desarrollos globales característicos de las sociedades en constante auge de crecimiento. Estos cambios en el contexto sociocultural e histórico han demandado los continuos replanteamientos que influyen notoriamente en el análisis de los procesos de formación de docentes. Si bien se utiliza el marco de referencia latinoamericano, este estudio se centra en la situación que ha vivido y vive hoy en día Honduras en este tema, al tiempo que analiza los efectos socioculturales e históricos que han generado los cambios sufridos en los procesos de formación de docentes. Para la realización de esta investigación se plantea la pregunta de investigación: ¿Cómo ha sido el proceso de la formación de docentes en Honduras desde las escuelas normales hasta el nivel terciario de la educación? La estructura del documento sigue las etapas de realización e incluye una Introducción, un análisis histórico de los procesos de formación docente en América Latina, un desarrollo y las conclusiones respectivas.Palabras clave: formación Inicial, Formación docente, escuelas normales, reformas educativas, profesionalización docente, América Latina.AbstractThis situational analysis, framed within the methodology of the literature review, is part of the curriculum of the Latin American Doctoral Program in Education at the University of Costa Rica. In this paper, we analyze within a sociocultural and historical context, the process of developing teacher training has lived in the Latin American region, since the beginning of the processes of independence in the nineteenth century, through the normal schools, to professionalization of teachers at the tertiary level through college and university teaching in the mid-twentieth century and continue today. Much of the concern that occurs in the analysis of different contexts relate to the improvement of conditions in which teaching is given formation. Seeking changes have been implemented that teacher performance is always in tune with global developments characteristic of societies in constant growth boom. These changes in the sociocultural and historical restatements have demanded that influence continued well into the analysis of the processes of teacher training While using the Latin American framework, this study focuses on the situation was and is today Honduras days on this issue, while analyzing cultural and historical effects that have generated the changes undergone in the process of teacher training. To carry out this research raises the research question: How was the process of teacher training in Honduras from normal schools to tertiary level of education? The document's structure follows the stages of implementation and includes an introduction, a historical biography of the processes of teacher training in Latin America, middle, and the respective conclusionsKeywords: Initial training, Teacher training, pedagogic school, education reform, teacher professionalism, Latin America