Dissertations / Theses: 'Honey production'

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Birnie, Lynn C. "Sublethal effects of three acaricide treatments on honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colony development and honey production." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq24092.pdf.

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Trimboli, Anthony B. "An Improved Regional Honey Production Model for the United States." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1961.

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Currently three systems are used to categorize honey production regions in the United States, one from the United States Department of Agriculture, one from the American Bee Journal used for its monthly U.S. Honey Crop and Markets report, and one from Bee Culture’s monthly regional honey price report. These systems follow political state boundaries and are based upon climate, bee forage, and regional beekeeping practices. While these systems are popular with the general beekeeping community, to our knowledge, their accuracy has not been studied. Although differing geographic regions can vary in bee forage species availability, states with similar geography and flora should have similar honey production. This is not the case because states within the same honey production region vary in honey production, possibly due to smaller ecotype divisions within the larger honey production regions. Due to this ecotype gradient, some models divide the United States into far more regions based upon ecotypes and disregard political boundaries. While a model based on ecotypes that disregard state political boundaries may be more accurate, it is not currently possible to statistically evaluate them due to how honey production data are collected. This study developed nine novel regional honey production models that regard political boundaries while attempting to satisfy ecotype similarity. The first four alternative models are based solely on Level II ecoregions and were developed by a best fit manual approach that minimized the number of ecoregions per honey production region. The five remaining models were created using statistical k-means partitioning cluster analysis and are purely data based. Also discussed is a linear regression model produced by Page et al. Differences within and between the models were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA in order to determine an improved model that describes regional honey production in the United States. Many of the models, both preexisting and those developed for this study, had insignificant means and are not viable. Of those that had significant means, a k-means cluster based model was determined to be the statistically superior model and can be considered an improved regional honey production model for the United States.

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Taylor, Jason M. "Life History and Secondary Production of Caenis latipennis Banks (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) in Honey Creek, Oklahoma." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2863/.

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A study of the life history and secondary production of Caenis latipennis, a caenid mayfly, was conducted on Honey Creek, OK. from August 1999 through September 2000. The first instar nymph was described. Nymphs were separated into five development classes. Laboratory egg and nymph development rates, emergence, fecundity, voltinism, and secondary production were analyzed. C. latipennis eggs and nymphs take 132 and 1709 degree days to develop. C. latipennis had an extended emergence with five peaks. Females emerged, molted, mated, and oviposited in an estimated 37 minutes. Mean fecundity was 888.4 ± 291.9 eggs per individual (range 239 -1576). C. latipennis exhibited a multivoltine life cycle with four overlapping generations. Secondary production was 6,052.57 mg/m2/yr.

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Hockersmith, Kelly S. "Apalachicola's gold archaeology and history of tupelo honey production in northwest Florida /." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000252.

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Hockersmith, Kelly S. "Apalachicola’s Gold: Archaeology and History of Tupelo Honey Production in Northwest Florida." Scholar Commons, 2004. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1080.

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Several archaeological sites in the lower Apalachicola River Valley have evidence of beekeeping in the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries. At least two of these are also prehistoric sites (Depot Creek, 8Gu56 and Clark Creek, 8Gu60), which are Rangia (clam) shell mounds. Both sites are deep in the river swamp, which has the largest stand of tupelo trees in the world. The valley has a long tradition of beekeeping. Apiarists (beekeepers) would bring their bees by boat to remote locations in the swamps during the short tupelo flowering season to take advantage of the extensive forest. Tupelo honey has been commercially harvested since at least the nineteenth century, and has the reputation for being one of the finest honeys world-wide. It is prized for its light golden amber color and characteristic ability never to granulate, but to remain in a liquid state. Shell mounds in the swamps offered high ground on which to build honey production centers. Such remote locations also were ideal for moonshine stills, with the beekeeping and honey production as a plausible cover operation. A significant amount of historical artifacts was [sic] recovered from both sites to merit further research. A third site, Lower Chipola Apiary (8Gu104) is a single component early-to mid- twentieth-century apiary consisting of a standing two-story honey house and scattered beekeeping equipment. Archaeological methods, historical research, and oral histories were used to document beekeeping in the Apalachicola River Valley. Exploration of beekeeping and honey production in this valley during the late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries has offered significant data on a once notable industry and way of life in northwest Florida, comparable to other agricultural industries.

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Buergler, Alicia Lenore. "Forage Production and Nutritive Value in a Temperate Appalachian Silvopasture." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9923.

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Integrating trees into pasture may be an effective management tool to improve water, nutrient, and light allocation and increase total system productivity in Appalachia. We tested this hypothesis in a silvopasture near Blacksburg, VA. In 1995, black walnut and honey locust trees were planted within plots (r=3) of predominantly tall fescue pasture. Across a 12% slope, trees were planted to create treatments of low, medium, and high tree densities at shoulder, mid, and toe slope positions within plots of honey locust and black walnut. Sampling sites (n=54) under tree density and slope position combinations were harvested May to October at 35-d intervals in 2002 and 2003 for determination of yield and nutritive value characteristics. Soil surface temperature, forage canopy temperature, soil moisture, and photosynthetically active radiation were measured to determine forage responses to field treatments as functions of resource allocation. Tree density had the greatest effect on forage production and nutritive value. Across both years, yields were 16% greater (P=0.0006) at medium density (6130 kg/ha) compared to forage mass at low (5280 kg/ha)) and high density (4970 kg/ha, SE=130). Increasing tree density did not affect (P>0.2) ADF, CP, P, K, and Mg levels, but reduced (P<0.001) NDF and TNC, and increased (P<0.0001) ADL and Ca. Elevated soil surface and forage canopy temperatures limited forage production and nutritive value at low density, while low light levels were the limiting factor at high density. Moderating forage microclimate with appropriately spaced trees is an effective way to improve forage production in temperate pastures.
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Taylor, Jason M. "Life history and secondary production of Caenis latipennis Banks (Ephemeroptera:Caenidae) in Honey Creek, Oklahoma." Connect to this title online, 2001. http://www.library.unt.edu/theses/open/20012/taylor%5Fjason/index.htm.

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Rizzardo, RÃmulo Augusto Guedes. "The africanized honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) for pollination and seed oil production in Jatropha curcas (L.)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7808.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the feasibility of using the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) for pollination and yield increment in Jatropha curcas L. crops. Therefore, the floral biology and pollination process of J. curcas were studied as well as the foraging behavior and pollination efficiency of A. mellifera in this crop by the introduction of four colonies in a hectare. The work was carried out in a five years-old commercial plantation comprising 10ha, in the state of PiauÃ, (08Â32â19,0âS and 43Â56â19,7âW, 220 meters above sea level), Brazil, from March to July, 2009. Flowers were presented in protogynous inflorescences and the anthesis and most of pollen presentation took place mainly in the morning shift. Inflorescences last, in average, 20 days, with female flowers concentrating in the first third of the period and male flowers predominating in the second third, in a relation of 18.1:1 male/ female flower. Although this may favor xenogamy, the stigma receptivity lasts for, at least, five days ensuring the flower to reach the period of most pollen release in its own inflorescence, facilitating the occurrence of geitonogamy. Flowers pollinated up to four days after anthesis did not differ (p>0.05) in fruit setting to those pollinated in the first, second or third day after anthesis. Foraging by A. mellifera occurs throughout the day and peaks between 13h00min and 15h00min and is characteristic of nectar harvesting both in male and female flowers. Only one visit by A. mellifera to J. curcas flowers set 100% producing results similar (p>0,05) to those from manual xenogamy (96%), manual geitonogamy (94%) and open pollination (93%). However, only one visit by a bee was not enough to maximize the oil content per seed (213mg) in comparison to the open pollination and geitonogamy treatments (both 250mg). Besides that, it was possible to observe that geitonogamy led to greater oil production than xenogamy (237mg). It is concluded that A. mellifera is an efficient pollinator of this crop. The introduction of four honey bee colonies per hectare maximize oil production and produce the best results for all parameters studied. Furthermore, only one visit by the honey bee to J. curcas flowers was enough to prevent pollination deficit in this crop.
O objetivo desta tese foi investigar a possibilidade da utilizaÃÃo de Apis mellifera L. na polinizaÃÃo e incremento de produtividade da cultura do pinhÃo manso (Jatropha curcas L.). Para tanto, foi estudado a biologia floral e a polinizaÃÃo do pinhÃo manso bem como o comportamento forrageiro e a eficiÃncia polinizadora de Apis mellifera. O trabalho foi realizado em 10ha de plantio comercial jÃ estabelecido, com cinco anos de idade, no estado do PiauÃ, (08Â32â19,0âS e 43Â56â19,7âW e 220 metros de altitude), entre os meses de marÃo e julho de 2009. A antese das flores do pinhÃo manso, distribuÃdas em cimos com carÃter protogÃnico, ocorre basicamente no perÃodo matinal, bem como a maior oferta de pÃlen. As inflorescÃncias duram, em mÃdia, 20 dias, com maior concentraÃÃo de flores femininas no terÃo inicial e de masculinas, no terÃo mÃdio, com relaÃÃo de 18,1 flores masculinas para cada feminina. Embora esse fato favoreÃa a xenogamia, a receptividade do estigma por, pelo menos, cinco dias, garante a flor alcanÃar o perÃodo de maior oferta de pÃlen no prÃprio cimo, oportunizando a geitonogamia. As flores polinizadas atÃ o quarto dia frutificam da mesma forma que aquelas polinizadas no primeiro, segundo e terceiro dias apÃs antese, nÃo havendo diferenÃas significativas. O forrageamento por A. mellifera ocorre durante todo o dia, com maior pico entre 13h00m e 15h00m e Ã tÃpico de coleta de nÃctar, tanto nas flores masculinas quanto nas femininas. Apenas uma visita da abelha Ãs flores acarreta em 100% de vingamento, mostrando resultado semelhante, (p>0,05), aos tratamentos de xenogamia manual (96%), geitonogamia manual (94%), e polinizaÃÃo aberta (93%). PorÃm, uma visita apenas, nÃo Ã suficiente para produzir maior quantidade de Ãleo por semente (213mg), em comparaÃÃo com o tratamento de polinizaÃÃo aberta, e por geitonogamia (250mg). AlÃm disto, foi possÃvel constatar que hÃ maior produÃÃo de Ãleo por geitonogamia e nÃo por xenogamia (237mg). Conclui-se que a Apis mellifera Ã um polinizador eficiente da cultura. Sua introduÃÃo, com quatro colÃnias por hectare, maximiza a produÃÃo de Ãleo e produz os melhores resultados para todos os parÃmetros avaliados. AlÃm disso, apenas uma visita da abelha melÃfera Ãs flores do pinhÃo manso Ã suficiente para prevenir dÃficit de polinizaÃÃo.

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Human, Hannelie. "Evaluation of the floral rewards of Aloe greatheadii var davyana (Asphodelaceae), the most important indigenous South African bee plant." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26143.

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The most important indigenous bee plant in South Africa is the winter flowering Aloe greatheadii var davyana, with a widespread distribution across the summer rainfall region. Beekeepers commonly move their hives to the "aloe fields" during winter, using the strong pollen and nectar flow for colony growth, queen rearing and honey production. In spite of its importance for the bee industry, no complete pollen analysis is available and, except for the popular bee literature, little is known about nectar production or pollinators. The aim of the study was therefore to evaluate the floral rewards of this aloe and to investigate the importance of these resources for honeybees. We analysed fresh, bee-collected and stored aloe pollen for its nutritional content (not previously done for any plant species). Addition of nectar and glandular secretions leads to an increase in water and carbohydrate content and a decrease in protein and lipid content. All the essential amino acids, except tryptophan, met or exceeded the minimum levels for honeybee development. In worker bees in queenright colonies, ovarian development is greater on aloe than on sunflower pollen, which may be explained by the exceptionally high protein content and high extraction efficiency during digestion. In assessing the nectar resource, we investigated the nectary structure and nectar presentation of two species belonging to different sections of the genus Aloe, A. castanea and A. greatheadii var davyana, but anatomical differences were not related to the nectar production. We looked at variation in nectar volume and concentration of A. greatheadii var davyana on various levels, from within the flowers to across the summer rainfall area. Nectar was continuously available and, although dilute (mean concentration 18.6%), the nectar of A. greatheadii var davyana is more concentrated than that of other Aloe species, making it an ideal source of energy and water for honeybees. Utilisation of dilute nectar by bees requires elimination of much excess water. We sampled crop contents of nectar foragers to determine if changes in nectar concentration occurred after collection and before unloading in the hive. Contrary to the common assumption that nectar is either unchanged or slightly diluted during transport, we observed a dramatic increase in concentration and a decrease in volume between the flowers and the hive. Bees may be foraging primarily to get enough water for their physiological needs. Using miniaturised data loggers, we showed that bees are able to adjust nest humidity within sub-optimal limits, in addition to efficient regulation of hive temperature. Humidity levels are influenced by trade-offs with regulation of temperature and respiratory gas exchanges. Although the dilute nectar and pinkish red tubular flowers are characteristic of bird-pollination, exclusion experiments showed that bees are the primary pollinators of A. greatheadii var davyana. This contrasts with other Aloe species which are pollinated by sunbirds and other passerine birds, but highlights the two-way interaction between the bees and the aloes.
Thesis (PhD (Entomology))--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Zoology and Entomology
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Milfont, Marcelo de Oliveira. "O pontecial da mamoneira (Ricinus Communis L.) para a exploraÃÃo apÃcola: produÃÃo, toxidez e qualidade de mel e pÃlen." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1707.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
A pesquisa de campo foi conduzida no NÃcleo de ProduÃÃo ComunitÃria Santa Clara, pertencente a empresa Brasil Ecodiesel, no municÃpio de Canto do Buriti â PI, entre maio e julho de 2006. As anÃlises laboratoriais foram realizadas nos LaboratÃrios da Universidade Federal do CearÃ, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz e Instituto Centro de Ensino TecnolÃgico (CENTEC) do Cariri. Os experimentos foram realizados com o objetivo de investigar a possibilidade de agregar valor a cultura da mamona (Ricinus communis) por meio da apicultura. Os seguintes aspectos foram investigados: desenvolvimento de colÃnias de Apis mellifera em meio a plantio de mamoneira; potencial da mamoneira para a produÃÃo de mel por abelhas A. mellifera; possÃvel toxidez do pÃlen e/ou nÃctar da mamoneira para abelhas melÃferas e humanos; caracterÃsticas fÃsico-quÃmicas e organolÃpticas do mel de mamona e potencial comercial deste mel. Os resultados mostraram que a cultura da mamoneira oferece boas condiÃÃes de desenvolvimento para colÃnias de A. mellifera uma vez que oferece pÃlen e nÃctar, e que estes sÃo prontamente utilizados pelas abelhas; a mamoneira mostrou-se uma importante fonte de nÃctar para a exploraÃÃo apÃcola, tendo sido produzido em apenas 49 dias medias entre 18,82 kg (apiÃrio em Ãrea de cultivo limpo de mamona) e 23,52 kg (apiÃrio em Ãrea de mamona com ervas silvestres) de mel, semelhantes Ã mÃdia anual do paÃs. O pÃlen e o mel da mamoneira nÃo sÃo tÃxicos para abelhas melÃferas e para roedores, indicando que, provavelmente, seja prÃprio para o consumo humano. O mel da mamoneira apresenta caracterÃsticas fÃsico-quÃmicas dentro da legislaÃÃo brasileira e caracterÃsticas organolÃpticas bem aceitas pela populaÃÃo, demonstrando que o mesmo possui potencial comercial. Conclui-se que a exploraÃÃo apÃcola da cultura da mamona pode aumentar a rentabilidade das Ãreas de cultivo e minimizar os impactos ecolÃgicos da agricultura, alÃm de gerar um produto natural, nutritivo e bem aceito pela populaÃÃo em geral.
The research was carried out in the NÃcleo de ProduÃÃo ComunitÃria Santa Clara, belonging to the company Brasil Ecodiesel, in the county of Canto do Buriti, state of PiauÃ, Brazil, from May to July 2006. Laboratorial analyses were carried out in the laboratories of Universidade Federal do CearÃ, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz and Instituto Centro de Ensino TecnolÃgico (CENTEC). The experiments aimed to assess the possibility of aggregating value to castor bean (Ricinus communis) plantations placing honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in the area. The following aspects were investigated: colony development in castor bean plantations; potential of castor bean plantations for honey production; possible toxicity of castor bean pollen and/or nectar to honey bees and humans; physical-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of castor bean honey and its commercial potential. Results showed that castor bean plantations offer good conditions for development of A. mellifera colonies because it provides pollen and nectar which are readily used by honey bees; castor bean showed to be an important nectar source for beekeeping leading in only 49 days to an average production between 18.82 (apiary in area of castor bean clean cultivation) and 23.52 kg (apiary in area of castor bean with wild weeds), similar to the annual national mean production; castor bean pollen and nectar are not toxic to honey bees or mammals, suggesting that, probably, are also adequate for human consumption. Castor bean honey presents physical-chemical characteristics within the Brazilian regulations for honey, and its organoleptic characteristics were well rated by population in test trials suggesting commercial potential. It was concluded that beekeeping in castor bean plantations can improve the area profitability, contribute to mitigate ecological impacts caused by agriculture, besides generating a natural, nutritive and well accepted product by the population.

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Milfont, Marcelo de Oliveira. "O pontecial da mamoneira (Ricinus Communis L.) para a exploração apícola: produção, toxidez e qualidade de mel e pólen." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2007. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/18917.

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MILFONT, Marcelo de Oliveira. O pontecial da mamoneira (Ricinus Communis L.) para a exploração apícola: produção, toxidez e qualidade de mel e pólen. 2007. 91 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Zootecnia, Fortaleza-CE, 2007
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The research was carried out in the Núcleo de Produção Comunitária Santa Clara, belonging to the company Brasil Ecodiesel, in the county of Canto do Buriti, state of Piauí, Brazil, from May to July 2006. Laboratorial analyses were carried out in the laboratories of Universidade Federal do Ceará, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz and Instituto Centro de Ensino Tecnológico (CENTEC). The experiments aimed to assess the possibility of aggregating value to castor bean (Ricinus communis) plantations placing honey bee (Apis mellifera) colonies in the area. The following aspects were investigated: colony development in castor bean plantations; potential of castor bean plantations for honey production; possible toxicity of castor bean pollen and/or nectar to honey bees and humans; physical-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of castor bean honey and its commercial potential. Results showed that castor bean plantations offer good conditions for development of A. mellifera colonies because it provides pollen and nectar which are readily used by honey bees; castor bean showed to be an important nectar source for beekeeping leading in only 49 days to an average production between 18.82 (apiary in area of castor bean clean cultivation) and 23.52 kg (apiary in area of castor bean with wild weeds), similar to the annual national mean production; castor bean pollen and nectar are not toxic to honey bees or mammals, suggesting that, probably, are also adequate for human consumption. Castor bean honey presents physical-chemical characteristics within the Brazilian regulations for honey, and its organoleptic characteristics were well rated by population in test trials suggesting commercial potential. It was concluded that beekeeping in castor bean plantations can improve the area profitability, contribute to mitigate ecological impacts caused by agriculture, besides generating a natural, nutritive and well accepted product by the population.
A pesquisa de campo foi conduzida no Núcleo de Produção Comunitária Santa Clara, pertencente a empresa Brasil Ecodiesel, no município de Canto do Buriti – PI, entre maio e julho de 2006. As análises laboratoriais foram realizadas nos Laboratórios da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Universidade de Fortaleza, Grupo Edson Queiroz e Instituto Centro de Ensino Tecnológico (CENTEC) do Cariri. Os experimentos foram realizados com o objetivo de investigar a possibilidade de agregar valor a cultura da mamona (Ricinus communis) por meio da apicultura. Os seguintes aspectos foram investigados: desenvolvimento de colônias de Apis mellifera em meio a plantio de mamoneira; potencial da mamoneira para a produção de mel por abelhas A. mellifera; possível toxidez do pólen e/ou néctar da mamoneira para abelhas melíferas e humanos; características físico-químicas e organolépticas do mel de mamona e potencial comercial deste mel. Os resultados mostraram que a cultura da mamoneira oferece boas condições de desenvolvimento para colônias de A. mellifera uma vez que oferece pólen e néctar, e que estes são prontamente utilizados pelas abelhas; a mamoneira mostrou-se uma importante fonte de néctar para a exploração apícola, tendo sido produzido em apenas 49 dias medias entre 18,82 kg (apiário em área de cultivo limpo de mamona) e 23,52 kg (apiário em área de mamona com ervas silvestres) de mel, semelhantes à média anual do país. O pólen e o mel da mamoneira não são tóxicos para abelhas melíferas e para roedores, indicando que, provavelmente, seja próprio para o consumo humano. O mel da mamoneira apresenta características físico-químicas dentro da legislação brasileira e características organolépticas bem aceitas pela população, demonstrando que o mesmo possui potencial comercial. Conclui-se que a exploração apícola da cultura da mamona pode aumentar a rentabilidade das áreas de cultivo e minimizar os impactos ecológicos da agricultura, além de gerar um produto natural, nutritivo e bem aceito pela população em geral.

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Seeburger, Victoria [Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Hasselmann. "The production of melezitose in honeydew and its impact on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) / Victoria Seeburger ; Betreuer: Martin Hasselmann." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1233353187/34.

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Camargo, Simone Cristina. "Aplicação de um sistema de informações geográficas SIG) no estudo da apicultura na região oeste do Paraná." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2011. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1652.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Beekeeping has been established as one of the most important economically, socially and environmentally. However, there is a need for studies to improve honey production. This study aimed to develop a general methodology, through the use of Geographic Information System (GIS), which allows the storage of information and geographic location of apiaries in eight districts of the western region of Paraná, and the use of GIS to assessment of the overcrowded hives, its management, the local flora and land use on the quantitative and qualitative production of honey in the municipalities of Marechal Cândido Rondon and Santa Helena. With the survey data on the geographical locations of the eight municipalities of the apiaries were drawn circles of 3 km radius around the image of each point representing the apiaries georeferenced, allowing a diagnosis of their spatial distribution and selection of areas with highest and lowest overlap beehives in the municipalities of Marechal Cândido Rondon and Santa Helena, a total of four study areas. In each selected area were distributed 15 hives in them, totaling 60 hives of which were accompanied by the production of honey from the 2010 harvest, from which samples were collected for analysis of moisture, pH, total acidity, ash and color. Was also carried out an assessment of existing vegetation around these hives. Were registered and 383 126t beekeepers apiaries distributed across eight countries. In the municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon 114 apiaries were georeferenced, with 1,661 bee hives belonging to 68 beekeepers with hives average of 14.57 and 24.42 per apiary hives per farmer. In the area of greatest overlap of apiaries in this city within a radius of 3 km 144 beehives were found in five apiaries. In the county of Santa Helena, 140 apiaries were georeferenced with 1,928 beehives belonging to 30 beekeepers. In the area of greatest overlap of apiaries within a radius of 3 km were 165 hives in 12 apiaries distributed, while the lower area of overlap, with the same radius, had 40 hives in two apiaries. According to the results of physical-chemical analysis, the 80 honey samples collected in four areas, all values were within the extent allowed by law. Multivariate analysis grouping the first extraction. Of the 60 hives available 16 groups were formed, while in the second extraction were evaluated 21 hives, which were divided into six groups. In the evaluation of all samples was the formation of five groups, indicating higher average production in the hives of the most populous area of St. Helena and lower in the most populated of Marechal Cândido Rondon. The Simpson diversity index of the four areas studied showed greater floristic diversity in the area of greatest overlap of hives of St. Helena, when compared with the area of overlap of the two largest counties,where the area of Marechal Cândido Rondon got a greater diversity that of Santa Helena. The grouping of the hives, the differences in the production of honey and floristic survey indicated that these differences may be associated with climatic differences recorded in the production period, the difference in handling and floristic diversity of the areas studied
A apicultura tem se consolidado como uma das atividades mais importantes do ponto de vista econômico, social e ambiental. Todavia, observa-se a necessidade de estudos para melhorar a produção de mel. Este trabalho teve por objetivo geral desenvolver uma metodologia, por meio do uso do Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), que permita o armazenamento de informações e a localização geográfica de apiários em oito municípios da região oeste do Paraná, bem como da utilização deste SIG para avaliação da superlotação de colmeias, do seu manejo, da flora local e da ocupação do solo sobre a produção quantitativa e qualitativa de mel nos municípios de Marechal Cândido Rondon e Santa Helena. Com os dados do levantamento das posições geográficas dos apiários dos oito municípios, foram traçados círculos de 3 km de raio ao redor da imagem de cada ponto representando os apiários georreferenciados, possibilitando um diagnóstico de sua distribuição espacial e a seleção de áreas com maior e menor sobreposição de colmeias, nos municípios de Marechal Cândido Rondon e Santa Helena, totalizando quatro áreas de estudo. Em cada área foram selecionadas 15 colmeias nelas distribuídas, totalizando 60 colmeias das quais foi acompanhada a produção de mel da safra de 2010, das quais foram coletadas amostras para as análises de umidade, pH, acidez total, cinzas e cor. Também foi realizado um diagnóstico da vegetação existente aoredor dessas colmeias. Foram cadastrados 126 apicultores e 383 apiários distribuídos pelos oito municípios. No município de Marechal Cândido Rondon foram georreferenciados 114 apiários, com 1.661 colmeias pertencentes a 68 apicultores, com média de 14,57 colmeias por apiário e 24,42 colmeias por produtor. Na área com maior sobreposição de apiários nesse município, num raio de 3 km foram verificadas 144 colmeias distribuídas em 14 apiários, enquanto que na área de menor sobreposição, com o mesmo raio, foramverificadas 44 colmeias em 5 apiários. No município de Santa Helena, foram georreferenciados 140 apiários, com 1.928 colmeias pertencentes a 30 apicultores. Na área com maior sobreposição de apiários, num raio de 3 km haviam 165 colmeias distribuídas em 12 apiários, enquanto que a área de menor sobreposição, com o mesmo raio, apresentou 40 colmeias em 2 apiários. De acordo com os resultados das análises físico-químicas, das 80 amostras de mel coletadas nas quatro áreas, todas apresentaram valores dentro dopermitido pela legislação. Na análise multivariada de agrupamento da primeira extração, das 60 colmeias avaliadas 16 grupos foram formados, enquanto que na segunda extração foram avaliadas 21 colmeias, as quais dividiram-se em seis grupos. Na avaliação detodas as coletas houve a formação de cinco grupos, indicando maior produção média nas colméias da área mais povoada de Santa Helena e menor na área mais povoada de Marechal Cândido Rondon. O Índice de diversidade de Simpson das quatro áreas estudadas indicou maior diversidade florística, na área de maoir sobreposição de colmeias de Santa Helena, quando comparada com a área de maior sobreposição de Marechal Cândido Rondon. O inverso foi observado nas áreas de menor sobreposição dos dois municípios, onde a área de Marechal Cândido Rondon obteve uma maior diversidade que a de Santa Helena. O agrupamento das colmeias, as diferenças nas produções de mel e o levantamento florístico indicaram que essas diferenças podem estar associadas a diferenças climáticas registradas no período de produção, diferença de manejo e diversidade florística das áreas estudadas

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Carvalho, Maria Margareta Santana. "Mel biológico do Alto-Alentejo: estudo do efeito da dimensão das explorações na viabilidade técnico-económica da atividade." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11331.

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Este trabalho pretende estudar o efeito da dimensão da exploração apícola vocacionada para a produção de mel em modo de produção biológico na sua viabilidade técnicoeconómica, tendo como base de trabalho 10 apicultores que integram a associação Apilegre, situada em Nisa, no nordeste alentejano, Portugal. Através de inquérito foram recolhidos dados sobre custos (equipamentos, utensílios e tudo o que demais é utilizado na atividade) de produção de mel biológico. Esses dados foram tratados e reunidos numa conta de atividade, por apicultor, a partir da qual se calcularam um conjunto de indicadores técnico-económicos. Os apicultores foram agrupados em classes segundo vários critérios: número de apiários, número de colmeias e número de alças. Com os dados obtidos para cada classe, determinaram-se as respetivas estruturas de custos, assim como um conjunto de indicadores técnico-económicos nas óticas da atividade e da exploração. A análise da informação recolhida permitiu concluir que os dados não apresentam diferenças consideráveis entre os diferentes tipos de apicultores. Esta situação é inesperada face às expectativas iniciais que se tinham. As razões para a obtenção destes resultados só podem ser especulativas, no entanto pode-se avançar com hipóteses, como a ineficiente ou mal direcionada recolha dos dados; os produtores podem não ter facultado dados reais da sua exploração ou a possível manipulação, não intencional, dos dados por parte da associação, no sentido de uniformizar os mesmos; ### Organic Honey in Alto-Alentejo - Study of the Effect of Size of Farms in Techno Economic Viability of Activity Abstract :This work aimed at studying the effect of organic honey bee-farms dimension upon their technical and economic viability. For this purpose, 10 organic honey bee farms (members of the Apilegre beekeepers cooperative, Nisa, Portugal) were considered. Data was collected on costs (equipment, tools and other beekeeping cost categories) associated with the production of organic honey in that particular regional context. The information collected was then processed with a view to arrive at individual beekeeping activity accounts, from which sets of technical or economic indicators were estimated. The targeted organic honey producers were subsequently grouped into classes, according to their respective numbers of apiaries, hives and suppers. Using aggregated data describing each one of the defined classes, classspecific cost structures and technical/economic indicators were then produced (both from the perspective of activity and exploitation). No considerable differences regarding cost structures or technical/economic indicators were found among beekeeper classes, contrarily to what had been initially hypothesized. The reasons explaining this unexpected outcome can only be guessed at this stage. Yet, it is speculated that inadequate data collection procedures, producers providing insufficiently bee-farm specific data, or even unintended data distortion introduced by Apilegre (while trying to standardize data criteria across all their associates) may eventually help to explain this finding.

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Padilha, Alessandro Haiduck. "Parâmetros genéticos para características produtivas e comportamentais em abelhas africanizadas Apis mellifera via abordagem bayesiana." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/30462.

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O objetivo desse estudo foi estimar parâmetros genéticos para características produtivas e comportamentais em uma população de abelhas Apis mellifera africanizadas por meio de inferência Bayesiana. Os dados foram submetidos a análises uni e bicaracterística utilizando o programa MTGSAM. Os modelos consideraram os efeitos (fixos) de local do apiário, mês-ano ou estação-ano e o número de caixilhos com abelhas aderentes como covariável linear. As estimativas de herdabilidade apresentaram magnitudes de moderada a alta para comportamento higiênico (0,81 ± 0,17), produção de própolis (0,83 ± 0,16), produção de mel (0,37 ± 0,22) e taxa de coleta de xarope (0,39 ± 0,22) e magnitude baixa para a percentagem de ácaros em abelhas adultas (0,12 ± 0,13). A rapidez de coleta de xarope apresentou correlação genética de 0,21 ± 0,51 com produção de mel, de 0,45 ± 0,33 com produção de própolis, e de 0,05 ± 0,43 com comportamento higiênico. As correlações genéticas entre produção de mel, produção de própolis e comportamento higiênico foram de 0,20 ± 0,43, de -0,11 ± 0,41 e de 0,23 ± 0,31, respectivamente. As correlações genéticas foram negativas entre percentagem de ácaros em abelhas adultas e as características produção de mel (-0,63 ± 0,39), produção de própolis (-0,07 ± 0,50), comportamento higiênico (-0,19 ± 0,51) e rapidez de coleta de xarope (- 0,41 ± 0,51). As características produção de mel, produção de própolis e comportamento higiênico apresentam potencial para seleção genética. A menor percentagem de ácaros em abelhas adultas está relacionado a maior produção de mel e maior comportamento higiênico, mas não deve ser usado como único critério de seleção devido a baixa herdabilidade. A seleção de abelhas que coletam xarope mais rapidamente, prevendo maior produção de mel, promoverá pequeno ganho genético. Ao selecionar abelhas que produzem mais própolis haverá pequenos ganhos genéticos para comportamento higiênico ou maior produção de mel.
This study was carried out to estimate genetic parameters for productive and behavioural traits in Africanized honey bees Apis mellifera. The data were submitted uni and bicharacter analysis using the software MTGSAM. The fixed effects considered in the models were localization of the hive, month-year or season-year and number of frames covered with bees as covariate. The heritability estimates were moderate to high for hygienic behaviour (0,81 ± 0,17), propolis production (0,83 ± 0,16), honey production (0,37 ± 0,22) and syrup-collection rate (0,39 ± 0,22) and lower for percentage of mites on adult bees (0,12 ± 0,13). Syrup-collection rate showed genetic correlation values of 0,21 ± 0,51 with honey production, 0,45 ± 0,33 with propolis production and 0,05 ± 0,43 with hygienic behaviour. Genetic correlation between honey and propolis was 0,20 ± 0,43, between honey production and hygienic behaviour was -0,11 ± 0,41 and between propolis production and hygienic behaviour was 0,23 ± 0,31. Genetic correlations were negative between percentage of mites on adult bees and other traits honey production (-0,63 ± 0,39), propolis production (-0,07 ± 0,50), hygienic behaviour (-0,19 ± 0,51) and syrup-collection rate. Honey production, propolis production and hygienic behavior traits have potential for genetic selection. The lower percentage of mites on adult bees increase honey production or hygienic behaviour, but it is not recommended as the only criterion for selection, due to its low heritability. Selection for syrupcollection rate will promote small genetic gain for honey production. Propolis production is positively correlated to hygienic behaviour or honey production.

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Alcárcel, Luis Carlos Rueda. "Avaliação de formulações alimentares no desenvolvimento de colônias de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) na savana amazônica de Roraima." Universidade Federal de Roraima, 2011. http://www.bdtd.ufrr.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=99.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
As abelhas africanizadas encontram nas flores suas principais fontes de alimento, sendo possível observar que em condições ambientais desfavoráveis há uma diminuição na população e conseqüentemente uma menor produção de mel nas épocas de florada. Em Roraima a produção de mel esta concentrada após o período de chuvas, motivo pelo qual é importante o fornecimento de uma suplementação alimentar durante as chuvas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o desenvolvimento de colônias de abelhas africanizadas A. mellifera com diferentes suplementações alimentares, para manter e/ou melhorar a produção apícola. A pesquisa foi realizada de 12 de abril a 5 de agosto de 2011 no Apiário Experimental do departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Roraima. Foram utilizadas vinte colônias em caixas modelo Langstroth, suplementadas com alimentação energética e escolhidas aleatoriamente para receberem três diferentes rações isoprotéicas com 23% de proteína bruta. Os quatro tratamentos foram: T1 = testemunha (sem suplementação alimentar protéica); T2 = farelo de milho + farelo de soja tostada + farelo de arroz (em quantidades iguais); T3 = 30% de farelo de soja tostada + 19% de leite de soja desidratado + 20% farelo de milho + 31% açúcar cristal; T4 = 45% de farelo de soja + 40% farinha de pupunha + 15% açúcar cristal. O desempenho das dietas foi determinado pelo consumo do alimento protéico e o desenvolvimento das colônias quanto ao ganho de peso, áreas de cria e áreas de alimento, sendo que foram analisadas separadamente áreas abertas e fechadas de operárias e zangões, além de áreas com alimento (cm). O consumo de alimento e o ganho de peso foram obtidos por meio de pesagens; as áreas ocupadas nos favos foram analisadas por meio de fotografias digitais e processadas com ajuda do programa computacional Adobe Photoshop CS2. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas para o consumo de ração e o ganho de peso, sendo que, o maior consumo de ração foi observado nas colônias do tratamento 4 e o maior ganho de peso nas colônias do tratamento 1, que receberam unicamente alimentação energética e apresentaram as maiores áreas de cria e alimento. Em relação às variáveis ambientais houve correlação negativa da temperatura e umidade com o ganho de peso das colônias do tratamento 2.
Africanized bees find in the flowers their main source of food; as a result, it has been shown a reduction in population under unfavourable environmental conditions and, consequently, a lower honey production during the early spring. In Roraima, the highest honey production rates occur after the rainy season, the reason for which is important the bees be given supplement during the rainy period. This research was carried out to analyze the development of Africanized honeybee A. mellifera colonies according to different kinds of food supplements offered in order to maintain and/or increase the apicultural production rates. The research was conducted from April 12th to August 5th, 2011, in the Experimental Apiary of Zootechny Department of Federal University. It has been used twenty Langstroth beehives, provided with energetic food and chosen at random to be given three different isoproteinaceous feed containing 23% of raw protein. The four treatments were: T1 = witness (without any proteinaceous supplement); T2 = corn flour + toasted soybean flour + rice flour (in equal parts); T3 = 30% of toasted soybean flour + 19% of soybean dry milk + 20% corn flour + 31% crystal sugar; T4 = 45% of soybean flour + 40% of peach palm fruit flour+ 15% of crystal sugar. The diets performances were determined by the consumption of the proteinaceous feed; the development of the colonies, in turn, as regards weight gain, brood area and food area, being analyzed separately the uncapped and capped worker and drone areas, as well as the food area (cm). The food consumption and the weight gain were obtained by weighing; the honeycomb area was analyzed by taking digital photographs of it and processing the data using the software Adobe Photoshop CS2. It has been found significant differences for feed consumption and weight gain, showing the colonies of T4 the highest feed consumption, and the colonies of T1, which were only given energetic food, the highest weight gain; it has also been observed in the latter the biggest brood and food areas. It has occurred a negative correlation of temperature and humidity with the weight gain in one of the colonies of T2.

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Potter, Douglass W. "A GIS MODEL FOR APIARY SITE SELECTION BASED ON PROXIMITY TO NECTAR SOURCES UTILIZED IN VARIETAL HONEY PRODUCTION ON FORMER MINE SITES IN APPALACHIA." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/forestry_etds/46.

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Beekeepers in Appalachia market varietal honeys derived from particular species of deciduous trees; however, finding places in a mountainous landscape to locate new beeyards is difficult. Site selection is hindered by the high up-front costs of negotiating access to remote areas with limited knowledge of the available forage. Remotely sensed data and species distribution modeling (SDM) of trees important to beekeepers could aid in locating apiary sites at the landscape scale. The objectives of this study are i) using publicly available forest inventory data, to model the spatial distribution of three native tree species that are important to honey producers in eastern Kentucky: American Basswood, Sourwood and Tulip Poplar, and to assess the accuracy of the models, ii) to incorporate a method for discounting the value of a nectar resource as a function of distance based on an energetic model of honeybee foraging, and iii) to provide an example by ranking potential apiary locations around the perimeter of a mine site in the study area based on their proximity to probable species habitat using a GIS model. Logistic regression models were trained using presence-absence records from 1,059 USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) sub-plots distributed throughout a 9,000 km2 portion of the Kentucky River watershed. The models were evaluated by applying them to a separate dataset, 950 forest inventory sub-plots distributed over a 40.5 km2 research forest maintained by the University of Kentucky. Weights derived from an energic model of honeybee foraging were then applied to the probabilities of tree species occurrence predicted by the SDM. As an example, 24 potential apiary locations around the perimeter of a reclaimed mine site were selected and then ranked according to a site suitability index. Three tributary areas corresponding to different honeybee flight ranges were considered: 500m, 700m, and 1,200m. Results confirm that rankings are dependent on the foraging range considered, suggesting that the number of colonies at an apiary location would be an important factor to consider when choosing a site. However, the methodology makes assumptions that are only anecdotally supported, notably i) that colonies will forage preferentially at the target species when it is in bloom and, ii) that foragers will exhaust resources closest to the hive first, regardless of patch size. Additional study of how bees deplete the nectar resources surrounding an apiary is needed to verify the usefulness of SDM in site selection for varietal honey production.

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AQUINO, Renato Machado. "Modelo matem?tico para a simula??o da produ??o de mel em munic?pios do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2321.

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Brazil and Argentina amongst the world?s ten leading countries in honey exports. The two countries share in this commodity exports was about US$ 220 million dollars in 2011. Argentina is one of the world?s greatest producers, having reached 83,121 tons that year. That means that apiculture is a relevant activity to both countries? agrobusiness network. All this amount of production and equivalente input were consequence of the joint effort of producers, research centres and development agencies. Thus, mathematical models which may allow a better understanding of honey production over time, under many factors influence, might be na important planning tool for the many actors involved in this scene. The aim of this work is to develop mathematical models, defined by ordinary differential equations, whose numerical solutions and parameters may allow one to have information about a certain municipality?s honey production. The central hipotesis is that it is possible to assess and predict a municipality?s honey production, by using mathematical models. A secondary hipotesis would be that these models? paremeters could be important indices to this productive activity. The models deveploped here were based in Lucas Growth Model, which takes into account that human capital as an endogenous fundamental growth component. The parameter rescue and the models numerical solving were implemented through a software in Fortran 95 programming language. The software main guideline was to allow solutions to the models so that it was possible to offer anoptimalmuniciplaity?s honey production description, in a certain time period. The solution fitting of the system of differential equaions which define the models was made through a nonlinear least squares method. The solver to this method was BOBYQA, a software presented in Powell (2009). This algorithm was developed in Fortran 77, is derivative free and accepts box constraints. The model validation was made in two steps: in the first it was validated gedanken honey production data. In the second the models were applied to eightenn municipalities which represented honey production in Rio de Janeiro State microregions. Fifteen among the researched had good model fitting. There was no fitting in three cases of anomalous production.This way, the results allow one to conclude that the developed models may be efficient instruments to honey agorbusiness managers, by allowing good production predictions under certain conditions and crop estimate in harvest periods. Moreover, they may start important research about technology and productivity in this economic activity.
Brasil e Argentina est?o entre os dez maiores exportadores mundiais de mel. A atividade de exporta??o desse produto rendeu aos dois pa?ses, em 2011, algo em torno de US$ 224 milh?es. A Argentina ? um dos primeiros produtores mundiais, tendo produzido 83.121 toneladas, em n?meros de 2011. Isso significa que a apicultura ? uma atividade de vulto para o universo do agroneg?cio de ambos os pa?ses. Todo esse volume de produ??o e o montante angariado pelos dois pa?ses s?o frutos do esfor?o conjunto de produtores, centros de pesquisa e ?rg?os de fomento etc. Portanto, modelos matem?ticos que possibilitem melhor compreens?o do comportamento da produ??o de mel ao longo do tempo, sob a influ?ncia de diversos fatores, podem ser importantes instrumentos de planejamento para diversos atores nesse cen?rio. O objetivo deste trabalho ? desenvolver modelos matem?ticos, definidos por sistemas de equa??es diferenciais ordin?rias, cujas solu??es num?ricas e par?metros possam permitir a obten??o informa??es a respeito da produ??o de mel de determinadalocalidade.A hip?tese central ? a de que ? poss?vel prever e avaliar a produ??o de dada localidade, utilizando modelos matem?ticos. Uma hip?tese secund?ria seria a de que os par?metros desses modelos poderiam ser importantes indicadores a respeito da atividade produtiva.Os modelos aqui elaborados tiveram como base o Modelo de Lucas para o crescimento econ?mico de longo prazo, que leva em conta o capital humano como elemento end?geno fundamental de crescimento. A recupera??o dos par?metros e a obten??o das solu??esnum?ricas para os modelos foram implementadas atrav?s de software na linguagem Fortran 95.O princ?pio norteador do software foi o de fornecer solu??es para os modelos que oferecessem uma descri??o ?tima da produ??o de uma certa localidade, durante um certo per?odo de tempo.Para os ajustes da solu??o do sistema de equa??es diferenciais que definem os modelos, foi utilizado um m?todo dos quadrados m?nimos n?o linear. O solver para este m?todo foi o algoritmo apresentado em Powell (2009), denominado BOBYQA. Esse algoritmo foi escrito em Fortran 77, sendo livre de derivadas e aceitando restri??es de caixa. A valida??o do modelo foi feita em duas etapas: na primeira,ajustou-se o modelo adadosgedanken de produ??o de mel. Na segunda etapa os modelos foram aplicados ? produ??o de dezoito munic?pios representativos, em produ??o mel?fera, das microrregi?es em que o Estado do Rio de Janeiro est? dividido. Houve bom ajuste dos modelos em 15 dos munic?pios pesquisados. S? n?o houve ajuste nos tr?s casos em que a produ??o mostrou-se an?mala. Dessa forma, os resultados permitem concluir que os modelos desenvolvidos podem servir de instrumento eficaz para os gestores do agroneg?cio do mel, podendo inclusive fornecer boas previs?es de produ??o sob certas condi??es e estimativas de safra em per?odos de colheita. Al?m do mais, podem abrir front importante de pesquisa a respeito da tecnologia e produtividade empregadas nesta atividade econ?mica.

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Amaral, Anderson Marques do. "Arranjo produtivo local e apicultura como estratégias para o desenvolvimento do sudoeste de Mato Grosso." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2010. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1688.

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This study aims to characterize the honey production and the local productive honey arrangement, through the evaluation of the land use, honey production, regional flora and product quality. It also aims to stimulate local process of development, rural protagonist and social inclusion of the agricultural workers from the southeast of Mato Grosso. We have evaluated the production of honey during the period of 1987 to 2007, of the towns engaged in APL of apiculture which is available on the SIDRA System by IBGE. The quantification of the use and the topsoil of the soil were obtained through satellite images. We have used SPRING and ArcGIS software for the date using field information and appropriate terminology. We have identified the most important vegetal species for the production of honey. We have determined ten physic-chemistry parameters and we have evaluated the characteristics of the labeling of the commercialized honey. The town of Cáceres (42%) presents the biggest honey production fallowed by the towns of Comodoro (11%), then Poconé (7%), then Reserva do Cabaçal (7%), then Conquista do Oeste (6%), and Porto Espiridião (6%). The production of honey is not the principal economic activity of the apiculture of this region. Most of them have just one apiary with a small number of beehives and they lack time of experience on this activity. The extraction and benefit of honey is done in manufactured fashion and the commercialization of their honey is done directly to the consumers, in the local retailer market. The level of technology implemented in this activity is low and the farmers have also a low level of professionalization. Natural Vegetation was the predominant class of the use of the soil on the majority of the apiaries. The kinds of vegetal covering were summarized as it follows: Savannas; Ecological Tension; Seasonal Forest; Riparian Formation. Grazing was the only kind of entropic agriculture use. Not Agriculture Entropic Areas were less representative. The classes of the use of soil and the different kinds of vegetal covering printed differences in the richness of plants and in the production of honey of the apiaries. The evaluation of the use of the soil and the vegetal covering of it around the apiaries allows the establishment of the appropriate management and the ways of sustainable uses of the natural resources. The results of physic-chemistry analysis for the samples of honey showed that the median for humidity, redactor and non redactor sugars were among the required patterns by the MAPA. The percentage of insolates solids and the fixed mineral residuals remained over. The Fiehe reaction indicated the presence HMF in others samples. All of the brands evaluated presented some parameters over the maximum limit allowed by the Brazilian legislation, pointing out production problems, as well as collecting and processing of honey. Only two kinds of honey available in the local market, from Cáceres and some other regions, have the sanitary inspection validity. The labeling of the majority of the trades are not in conformity with nowadays legislation, and it ignores the important instrument of identification of origins of honey, which is a guarantee of products with quality and security to the customer. The apiaries represent a way of sustainable use of preserved natural vegetation areas, degradation grazing areas and existing capoeiras, besides, this activity shows itself compatible with some others activities already consolidated in the region of southeast of Mato Grosso.
O estudo teve o objetivo de caracterizar a produção apícola e o arranjo produtivo local de apicultura, por meio da avaliação dos usos da terra, produção de mel, flora regional e qualidade do produto, visando estimular processos locais de desenvolvimento, protagonismo rural e inclusão social de agricultores da região Sudoeste de Mato Grosso. Foi avaliada a produção de mel no período de 1987 a 2007, dos municípios participantes do APL de Apicultura, disponíveis no Sistema SIDRA do IBGE. A quantificação do uso e cobertura da terra foi obtida por imagens de satélite, tratadas nos software SPRING e ArcGIS, utilizando informações de campo e terminologia apropriada. Foram identificadas as espécies vegetais, importantes para a produção do mel. Foram determinados dez parâmetros físico-químicos do mel e avaliado características de rotulagem do mel comercializado. O município de Cáceres (42%) é o maior produtor de mel, seguido por Comodoro (11%), Poconé (7%), Reserva do Cabaçal (7%), Conquista do Oeste (6%) e Porto Esperidião (6%). A apicultura não é a principal atividade econômica dos apicultores da região, a maioria deles tem apenas um apiário, com pequeno número de colméias e possui pouco tempo de experiência na atividade. A extração e beneficiamento do mel são realizados de forma artesanal e a comercialização é feita de forma direta ao consumidor, no mercado varejista local. O nível tecnológico empregado na atividade é baixo e o apicultor tem pouco grau de profissionalização na atividade. A Vegetação Natural foi a classe predominante de uso da terra na maioria dos apiários. Os tipos de cobertura vegetal foram reunidos em: Savanas, Tensão Ecológica, Floresta Estacional e Formações Ripárias. Pastagem foi a única forma de uso Antrópico Agrícola. Áreas Antrópicas Não Agrícola foram pouco representativas. As classes de uso da terra e os tipos de cobertura vegetal do entorno dos apiários imprimiram diferenças na riqueza de plantas e na produção de mel dos apiários. A avaliação do uso e cobertura da terra permite o planejamento e a gestão da apicultura, possibilitando estabelecer manejo apropriado e formas de utilização sustentável dos recursos naturais. Os resultados da análise físico-química das amostras de mel mostraram que as médias para umidade, açúcares redutores e não redutores ficaram dentro dos padrões estabelecidos pelo MAPA. Os percentuais de sólidos insolúveis e resíduos minerais fixos ficaram acima. A reação de Fiehe indicou a presença de HMF em outras amostras. Todas as marcas avaliadas apresentaram algum parâmetro acima do limite máximo permitido pela legislação brasileira, evidenciando problemas na produção, coleta ou processamento do mel. Somente duas marcas de mel disponíveis no mercado local, oriundas de Cáceres e outras regiões, possuem selo de inspeção sanitária. O rótulo da maioria das marcas não está em conformidade à legislação vigente e ignora importante instrumento de identificação da origem do mel, garantia de produtos com qualidade e segurança ao consumidor. A apicultura representa uma forma de uso sustentável de áreas de vegetação natural preservadas, áreas de pastagens degradadas e capoeiras existentes, além disso, a atividade mostra-se ainda compatível com outras atividades já consolidadas na região Sudoeste de Mato Grosso.

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Oliveira, Francisco Muniz Jales de. "Gest?o agroindustrial: um estudo sobre o modelo SEBRAE-RN de produ??o de mel de abelha no Rio Grande do Norte." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15052.

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The present study makes an analysis of the Development Program of Beekeeping on Rio Grande do Norte, evaluating the model of management implanted for the SEBRAE/RN in the production of bee honey in Rio Grande do Norte; on the basis of the annual reports emitted by the company in 2003, 2004 and 2005 a discerning survey is done in order to identify to the positive points and the possible imperfections that need to be readjusted, or to be substituted for the success of the program; a bibliographical study of the main authors of the subject with the purpose to gound the study, necessary base for the good performance of this work; the study made with the reports identifies some readjustments that need to be corrected, that will be suggested in the end of this study. However the work developed for the SEBRAE/RN is of good quality and the identified negative points do not compromise the good performance of the program, but it can delay the success desired; Despite the studied reports being inconsistent in some points, it can be identified significant improvements with the result of the work developed for the SEBRAE/RN, among others the creation of financial alternatives for the agriculturists who deal with the beekeeping, the employment, income and development of the enterprising capacity of the producers. However, is verified that it would have to exist more efficient ways that made possible a bigger interaction among the managers of the program and the participant public so that the continuous and necessary improvements were made to any well guided project
O presente estudo faz uma an?lise do Programa de Desenvolvimento da Apicultura do Rio Grande do Norte, avaliando o modelo de gest?o implantado pelo SEBRAE/RN na produ??o de mel de abelha no Rio Grande do Norte. Com base nos relat?rios anuais emitidos pela empresa em 2003, 2004 e 2005, faz-se um levantamento criterioso a fim de identificar os pontos positivos e as poss?veis falhas que precisam ser reajustadas ou substitu?das para o sucesso do programa. Foi realizado um estudo bibliogr?fico dos principais autores que trataram do assunto com a finalidade de fundamentar o estudo, base necess?ria para o bom desempenho deste trabalho. O estudo feito a partir dos relat?rios identifica alguns reajustes que precisam ser corrigidos, o que ser? sugerido no final deste estudo. No entanto, o trabalho desenvolvido pelo SEBRAE/RN ? de boa qualidade e os pontos negativos identificados n?o comprometem o bom desempenho do programa, apesar de poderem retardar o sucesso desejado. Ainda que os relat?rios estudados sejam inconsistentes em alguns pontos, podem-se identificar melhorias significativas com o resultado do trabalho desenvolvido pelo SEBRAE/RN, entre outros a cria??o de alternativas financeiras para os agricultores que lidam com a apicultura, a gera??o de empregos, renda e desenvolvimento da capacidade empreendedora dos produtores. Contudo, verifica-se que deveriam existir meios mais eficazes que possibilitassem uma maior intera??o entre os gestores do programa e o p?blico participante para que fossem feitas as melhorias cont?nuas e necess?rias a qualquer projeto bem orientado

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FACCHINI, ELENA. "INTEGRATED PHENOTYPIC AND GENETIC ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE TRAITS IN APIS MELLIFERA." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/627572.

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Honey bees play an important role in modern agriculture as farm animals and crop pollinators and represent an animal model in scientific research. Since few decades, managed honey bees are facing large scale losses worldwide due to the interaction of several biotic and abiotic factors such as the spread of pathogens and parasites, the habitat loss, the use of pesticides, and the occurrence of climate changes. For years, beekeepers have controlled deadly pathogens such as Varroa destructor with acaricides (pyrethroid), but widespread chemical resistance is manifesting. Alternative management strategies could be developed to characterize and select bees with heritable traits allowing them to resist mites and diseases. Hygienic behaviour (HB) is a heritable phenotype that confers colony level resistance against brood disease, with a potential effect on the damaging parasitic mite V. destructor. Unfortunately, breeding such bees is complicated as the assays involved to characterize such phenotype are time-consuming and expensive if performed on a consistent number of colonies. Additionally, the mechanisms behind social immunity are not yet fully understood. These issues have motivated the scientific community to develop research tools that can offer insight into the causes of declining bee health as well as identify biomarkers to guide breeding programs. The studies presented in this thesis are the results of the collaboration between the Animal Genetic Group of the University of Milan and an Italian beekeeping company, which made available its animals for the majority of the studies presented in this work. The first two chapters of this thesis focus on three important aspects regarding hygienic behaviour: in-field phenotypic implementation of a method to measure HB on large testing populations, its genetic parameters estimation and developing molecular tools for the identification of potential HB genetic markers from breeding queens. Queens are the only fertile females of the colony, responsible for laying eggs and maintaining the cohesion of the colony. The quality of the queen may have an important effect on a colony’s development, productivity and survival and queen failure or loss is considered a cause of the decline of colonies worldwide. The queen quality, resulting from her genetic background, developmental condition, mating success and environment, can be assessed by some morphological measures. We investigated the genetic parameters of some traits that describe the quality of bee queens in the third chapter. Beside queen morphology, in the fourth chapter, we investigated also the morphology of the worker bees with Computed Tomography (CT). In this study, a non-invasive CT technique and image analysis approach coupled with brood manual inspection was used to clarify the relationship between honey bee pupa length and its varroa mite infestation status, developmental status and spatial position within the brood comb. The results of this chapter suggest that the CT-scan may represent a suitable non-invasive tool to investigate the morphology and developing status of honey bee brood. Finally, since honey yield is one of the major breeding goal for a beekeeping company, we investigated the genetic parameters for honey yield in a small testing population of honey bees in Northern Italy both considering the total honey yield and the single harvests of a colony within a year on data collected over a period of three years.

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Milfont, Marcelo de Oliveira. "Use of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) in the pollination and the gain in productivity of grains in variety of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril.)adapted to Brazilian Northeastern climatic conditions." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7490.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
The research was carried out between July and December 2009 using tropical soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) cultivars irrigated by center pivots in the irrigation district of Jaguaribe-Apodi, belonging to the agribusiness Faedo Sementes situated at the Apodi plateau, Limoeiro do Norte, CearÃ, Brazil. The study aimed to investigate the use of Apis mellifera L. for pollination and productivity increment in the soya bean cultivars Monsoy 9144RR, BRS-CarnaÃba, BRS-SambaÃba, adapted for the tropical conditions of N and NE Brazil. The following aspects were investigated: floral biology, pollination requirements, pollination efficiency of A. mellifera ; behavior and pattern of foraging; use of A. mellifera to augment productivity per Ãrea, per plant, in oil and protein content; and potential for honey production in soya bean crops and risks of pesticide contamination of the honey. Results showed that the cultivars are attractive to honey bees and they concentrate their foraging for nectar collection in the morning shift. The varieties were capable of autopollination, however there were significant (p<0.05) increments of productivity when flowers were visited by biotic agents. A single honey bee visit raised productivity to equivalent (p>0.05) levels of those flowers open for pollination. Regarding absolute production, it differed significantly (p<0.05) from the areas where honey bees were introduced in the center or along the sideline of the plantation to that where flowers did not receive flower visits. The mean number of pods per plant was 49.64 Â 2.64, 57.16 Â 2.41 and 59.60 Â 2.71; the mean number of seeds per plant was 104.68 Â 5.13, 121.46 Â 3.98 and 127.42 Â 5.95; and the percentage of pods bearing three seeds was 18.65%, 20.43% and 23.72% for the caged, open and open + honey bees treatments, respectively. Oil and protein contents of seeds did not differ (p>0.05) among treatments. All colonies produced honey and by the end of the blooming period (30 days) total production reached 81.7 kg, with a mean production of 10.1 Â 0.86 kg per hive and no pesticide residue was found. It was concluded that the soya bean cultivars adapted to N and NE Brazil can be used for honey production and the foraging behavior of A. mellifera visiting flowers only in the morning allows to recommend spraying the crop only in the late afternoon and early evening when bees are no longer in the crop to produce residue-free honey and prevent poisioning risks to the bees; also, introducing A. mellifera for pollination purpose can increase production over 25% especially due to augment in the percentage of three-seeded pods.
A pesquisa foi conduzida entre julho e dezembro de 2009 usando cultivares tropicais de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril) irrigadas por pivÃ central no distrito de irrigaÃÃo Jaguaribe-Apodi, sendo o plantio pertencente Ã agroempresa Faedo Sementes situada na Chapada do Apodi, Limoeiro do Norte, CearÃ. O estudo teve por objetivo investigar o uso de Apis mellifera L. para polinizaÃÃo e incrementos de produtividade nas cultivares de soja Monsoy 9144RR, BRS-CarnaÃba, BRS-SambaÃba, adaptadas Ãs condiÃÃes tropicais do Norte e Nordeste brasileiro. Os seguintes aspectos foram investigados: biologia floral, requerimentos de polinizaÃÃo, eficiÃncia de polinizaÃÃo de A. mellifera; comportamento e padrÃo de forrageamento; uso de A. mellifera para elevar a produtividade por Ãrea, por planta, em conteÃdo de Ãleo e proteÃna dos grÃos; potencial para a produÃÃo de mel e os riscos de contaminaÃÃo deste mel. Os resultados mostraram que as cultivares estudadas sÃo atrativas para as abelhas melÃferas e elas concentram seu forrageio na coleta de nÃctar no turno da manhÃ. As variedades sÃo capazes de se autopolinizarem, contudo houve incrementos de produtividade significativos (p<0,05) quando as flores foram visitadas por agentes biÃticos. Uma Ãnica visita da abelha melÃfera elevou a produtividade para nÃveis equivalentes (p>0.05) ao das flores abertas para polinizaÃÃo. No que se refere Ã produÃÃo total, observou-se diferenÃas significativas (p<0,05) das Ãreas onde as abelhas foram introduzidas no centro ou ao longo da linha lateral do plantio para a Ãrea cujas flores nÃo receberam visitas. O nÃmero mÃdio de vagens por planta foi 49,64 Â 2,64, 57,16 Â 2,41 e 59,60 Â 2,71; o nÃmero mÃdio de grÃos por planta foi 104,68 Â 5,13, 121,46 Â 3,98 e 127,42 Â 5,95; e o percentual de vagens com trÃs grÃos foi 18,65%, 20,43% e 23,72% para os tratamentos onde as plantas foram engaioladas para nÃo receberem visitantes florais, deixadas abertas para receberem visitantes florais e aberta + a introduÃÃo de colÃnias de abelhas melÃferas, respectivamente. Os conteÃdos de Ãleo e proteÃna nÃo diferiram (p>0,05) entre os tratamentos. Todas as colÃnias produziram mel e ao final do florescimento (30 dias) a produÃÃo total alcanÃou 81,7 kg, com uma produÃÃo mÃdia por colmÃia de 10,1 Â 0,86 kg e nenhum resÃduo de pesticida foi identificado no mel. Concluiu-se que as cultivares de soja adaptadas ao Norte e Nordeste do Brasil podem ser usadas para a produÃÃo de mel e o comportamento de forrageio de A. mellifera visitando flores somente no perÃodo da manhÃ permite recomendar a aplicaÃÃo de defensivos apenas no final da tarde ou cedo da noite, quando as abelhas nÃo se encontram no plantio para produzir mel livre de resÃduos de pesticidas e prevenir riscos de envenenamento das abelhas; tambÃm, a introduÃÃo de A. mellifera para polinizaÃÃo pode elevar a produtividade em mais de 25%, principalmente devido ao aumento no percentual de vagens com trÃs grÃos.

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Coelho, Junior João Carlos. "A cadeia de produção do mel no Rio Grande do Sul: a organização e a governança nas transações dos apicultores associados à apismar." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4595.

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This study aims to determine the organization and governance in the transactions of APISMAR beekeepers and describe the honey production chain in Rio Grande do Sul. It is used as a theoretical framework the concept of agroindustrial production chain, the structure-conduct-performance paradigm (SCP), and the theory of transaction cost economics (TCE). The research method used is the descriptive and exploratory with primary data (structured questionnaires applied to the beekeepers and interview conducted with the president of APISMAR) and secundary data. The results showed that the Brazilian honey production has increased in the last few years, and that the state of Rio Grande do Sul is the main producer. The Northern mesaregion, the Central Campanha and the municipality of Santana do Livramento represent 35% of the honey production in the state. The beeking activity in the state is developed by 27 thousand beekeepers, and 50% of the production is exported, mainly to the US, which is the largest honey importer. With regards to APISMAR members, it was found that the production is predominantly concentrated on a small property (1 - 5 ha), which has been involved in this activity for a long time (over 10 years) using hand-operated technology and native flora. Moreover, regarding the structure, the producers have not been diversifying the production nor the product and have considered as their main barrier to the entrance, the difficulties in sales. They have practiced price fixing igual to the average market value and worked on cost reduction. The number of honey producers is concentrated in the extract of 1 to 50 hives and the average honey productivity is 27 kg/hive/year. With regards to the governance in the beekeepers transactions, it was found the prevalence of via market transaction mainly due to the low uncertainty and asset specificity.
Este estudo visa determinar a organização e a governança nas transações dos apicultores associados à APISMAR e descrever a cadeia de produção do mel no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Utiliza-se como arcabouço teórico o conceito de cadeia de produção agroindustrial, o modelo estrutura-conduta-desempenho (ECD) e a teoria dos custos de transação (ECT). O método de pesquisa é o descritivo exploratório, com dados primários (questionários estruturados aplicados aos apicultores e entrevista realizada junto ao presidente da APISMAR) e dados secundários. Os resultados mostram que a produção de mel no Brasil vem crescendo nos últimos anos e que o estado do Rio Grande do Sul é o principal produtor. Internamente, destacam-se a mesorregião Noroeste, com 35% da produção de mel; a microrregião da Campanha Central e o município de Santana do Livramento. A atividade apícola no Estado é desenvolvida por 27 mil apicultores e 50% da produção vai diretamente para o exterior, sendo o maior importador os Estados Unidos. Com relação aos associados à APISMAR, constatou-se que predomina a produção em pequena propriedade (de 1 a 5 ha), que estão há vários anos na atividade (a mais de 10 anos) e que utilizam tecnologia manual e flora nativa. Além disso, em relação à estrutura, os produtores não diversificam a produção, não diferenciam o produto e consideraram como principal barreira à entrada a dificuldade na venda. Praticam preços iguais à média do mercado e trabalham a redução de custos. O número de produtores de mel se concentra no extrato de 1 a 50 colméias e a produtividade média é de 27 quilos/colméia/ano. Sobre a governança nas transações dos apicultores, verificou-se que predomina a via mercado, devido, principalmente, à baixa incerteza e especificidade de ativos.

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Gomes, Renata Valéria Regis de Sousa. "Avaliação das características genéticas de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) importantes na seleção de rainhas matrizes para a produção de mel." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2016. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/653.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This work aimed to evaluate africanized bee (Apis mellifera L.) phenotypic characteristics, important in selecting matrix queens for honey production. Thirty africanized bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies were transferred from partner beekeeping apiaries in coastal zone and South Zona da Mata of Pernambuco to experimental apiary of Animal Science Department (AEDZ/UFRPE). Colonies were fortnightly evaluated in the period from January 2014 to February 2016 and data of 89 queens of colonies or families were recorded. Energy and protein food was provided in off-season period. Infestation rate in colonies with Varroa destructor and infection degree with Nosema were verified, as well as hygienic behavior, queen egg laying, defensiveness and honey production tests were carried out in the first experimental phase and selection index (IS) was obtained of analyzed colonies. For the 2nd experimental phase, 1st, 2nd and 3rd generation queens were produced; daughters of matrixes with IS ≥ 8.0 and honey production was evaluated. Sixty-two out of 89 queens observed died naturally, presenting average longevity of 6.4 ± 2.9 months. Natural reproduction peak period is between September and December. The queen perform egg laying all months of the year, and as temperature increases and humidity and rainfall decrease, queen oviposition intensity is higher; thus brood comb increases. The diet used showed economic viability, avoided swarm loss and stimulated queen egg laying. Low level of Varroatose (2.92% ± 2.02%) and low intensity of Nosema infection were found. Success in queen cell production was 98% in acceptance of transferred larvae. Genetic gain was observed of 0.7 Kg in honey production at colonies with 3rd generation queens; which represents increasing of 5.4% of honey production, related to matrix colonies and 49.2% compared to production in partner beekeeping apiaries. These results are very encouraging, leading us to believe in breeding program success, using the variables and calculation format for selection index used in this work and give us subsides for possible adjustments in management of production apiaries, in accordance with environmental conditions of this region, aiming at professional beekeeping growth and increased honey production
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características fenotípicas de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) importantes na seleção de rainhas matrizes para a produção de mel. Foram transferidas 30 colônias de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera L.) dos apiários de apicultores colaboradores da região do litoral e zona da mata sul de Pernambuco para o apiário experimental do Departamento de Zootecnia (AEDZ/UFRPE). As colônias foram avaliadas quinzenalmente no período de janeiro de 2014 a fevereiro de 2016 e foram registrados dados de 89 rainhas de colônias ou famílias. Foi administrado alimentação energética e proteica no período de entressafra. Foi verificado o nível de infestação das colônias com Varroa destructor e Nosema e realizado os testes de comportamento higiênico, postura da rainha, defensividade e produção de mel na 1ª fase experimental e obteve-se o índice de seleção (IS) das colônias analisadas. Para 2ª fase experimental foram produzidas rainhas de 1ª, 2ª e 3ª geração filhas das matrizes com IS ≥ 8,0 e avaliou-se a produção de mel. Das 89 rainhas observadas, 62 morreram naturalmente apresentando longevidade média de 6,4 ± 2,9 meses. A época de pico da reprodução natural é entre os meses de setembro a dezembro. A rainha realiza postura todos os meses do ano, sendo que à medida que a temperatura aumenta e a umidade e o índice pluviométrico diminuem, maior é a intensidade de ovoposição da rainha, consequentemente aumenta o número de quadros com crias. A dieta utilizada apresentou viabilidade econômica, evitou a perda dos enxames e estimulou a postura da rainha. Foram encontrados um nível baixo de varroatose (2,92% ± 2,02%) e baixa intensidade de infecção por Nosema. O sucesso na produção de realeiras foi de 98% na aceitação das larvas transferidas. Observou-se um ganho genético de 0,7 Kg na produção de mel nas colônias com rainhas de 3ª geração, o que representa aumento de 5,4% na produção de mel em relação as colônias matrizes e 49,2% comparada a produção nos apiários dos apicultores parceiros. Esses resultados são muito estimulantes levando-se a acreditar no sucesso do programa de melhoramento aplicado, utilizando-se as variáveis e a forma de cálculo para o índice de seleção utilizados no presente trabalho e nos dá subsídios para possíveis adequações no manejo dos apiários de produção, em conformidade com as condições ambientais dessa região, visando o crescimento profissional da atividade apícola e o aumento da produção de mel
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MARANHÃO, Patrícia Bastos de Andrade Albuquerque. "Avaliação dos métodos de custeio na produção de mel: um estudo de caso no município de São João do Rio do Peixe." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2016. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/856.

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O agronegócio vem se destacando na economia brasileira registrando grandes avanços quantitativos e qualitativos. Apesar de ser antiga, só nos últimos anos a criação de abelhas vem ganhando maior destaque, transformando a apicultura em uma das atividades da agropecuária mais lucrativas. Os estados da região nordeste, em 2014, ocuparam o segundo lugar em produção, no qual a Paraíba teve uma produção em torno de 650 toneladas de mel. Esse novo cenário requer dos apicultores uma nova postura perante a atividade apícola. Diante desse novo momento, nossa pesquisa teve como objetivo demonstrar de que forma a aplicação dos custeios por absorção e variável podem auxiliar os produtores de mel na Associação dos Apicultores do Vale do Rio do Peixe no município de São João do Rio do Peixe no estado da Paraíba – APIVALE. Esta pesquisa tem caráter exploratório e, devido ao elevado grau de detalhamento, é um estudo de caso, feito a partir de pesquisa documental e entrevista semiestruturada. Adotamos o método quantitativo que permite a demonstração de resultados em números para posteriormente analisá-los. Os resultados indicaram que os sistemas de custeio por absorção e variável podem vir auxiliar os apicultores da APIVALE revelando a margem de contribuição, o ponto de equilíbrio, a margem de lucro, direcionando pontos ineficientes, eliminando custos e otimizando a produção. Como também, servindo como ferramenta de controle para tomada de decisões. Foi possível identificar que das 1.145 colmeias existentes, 57,7% das colmeias não estão produzindo, o que corresponde uma perda de aproximadamente 8.714 kg de mel. E das 42,3% que estão produzindo, 88,88% estão produzindo abaixo da média geral/colmeia que é de 13,2kg/colmeia. Porém, mesmo diante dessa baixa produção, a APIVALE em 2015 apresentou lucro de R$10.840,79 (dez mil oitocentos e quarenta reais e setenta e nove centavos), o que evidencia o potencial da associação e que se os sistemas de custeios por absorção e variável forem utilizadas para tomada de decisão pelos associados da APIVALE, estes terão condição de produzirem de forma eficaz.
Agribusiness has stood out in the Brazilian economy recorded large quantitative and qualitative advances. Despite being old, only in recent years beekeeping is gaining greater prominence, turning to beekeeping in one of the most profitable agricultural activities. The states of the Northeast region in 2014, occupied the second place in production, where Paraíba had a production around 650 tons of honey. This new scenario requires beekeepers a new attitude towards beekeeping. In this new period, our research aimed to show how the application of costing by absorption and variable can help honey producers in the association of beekeepers of Vale do Rio do Peixe in the municipality of São João do Rio do Peixe in Paraíba - Apivale. This research is exploratory and due to the high degree of detail, is a case study, made from documentary research and semi-structured interview. We adopted the quantitative method that allows the income statement in numbers for later review them. The results indicated that the costing systems for absorption and variable can help Apivale beekeepers revealing the contribution margin, the balance, the profit margin, directing inefficient points, eliminating costs and optimizing production. As well as serving as a control tool for decision making. It was possible that the 1,145 existing hives, 57.7% of the hives are not producing, representing a loss of approximately 8714 kg of honey. And 42.3% of which are producing, 88.88% are producing below the overall average/hive is 13,2kg/hive. However, despite of this low production, Apivale in 2015 showed profit 10,840.79 (ten thousand eight hundred and forty reais and seventy-nine cents), which shows the potential of the association and that the costing systems for absorption and variable are used for decision making by the members of Apivale, these will condition to produce effectively.

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Chabert, Stan. "Pollinisation intégrée des cultures : intégrer les mécanismes liés à la température pour évaluer l'offre et la demande en pollinisation." Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG0703/document.

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Les insectes contribuent à la pollinisation de 70% des espèces cultivées aujourd’hui à travers le monde. Avec l’intensification de l’agriculture au début du XXème siècle, les agriculteurs se sont mis à introduire des colonies d’abeilles mellifères dans leurs cultures entomophiles pour assurer le service de pollinisation. Avec la reconnaissance croissante du rôle majeur joué par les insectes sauvages dans la pollinisation des cultures, le concept de pollinisation intégrée des cultures a récemment vu le jour, encourageant à combiner insectes pollinisateurs introduits et sauvages en adaptant les pratiques agricoles pour assurer une pollinisation durable des cultures. Mais l’introduction d’insectes pollinisateurs d’élevage est une pratique encore très empirique qui manque de références techniques pour pouvoir être mise en œuvre avec précision. L’objectif général de cette thèse était de fournir des éléments pour mettre au point une méthode objective pour définir la charge en unités opérationnelles d’abeilles mellifères à introduire par unité de surface de culture cible pour complémenter la faune pollinisatrice sauvage pour que la pollinisation ne soit pas un facteur de production limitant.Nous avons travaillé sur une lignée mâle fertile et une lignée mâle stérile de colza (Brassica napus L.), les productions de semence hybride dépendant entièrement des insectes pour la pollinisation chez cette espèce. Nous avons pu déterminer (i) le nombre minimum de grains de pollen viables devant être déposés par stigmate pour que la grenaison puisse être complète en fonction de la température, (ii) la durée après anthèse pendant laquelle le pollen doit être déposé sur le stigmate pour que la grenaison puisse être complète en fonction de la température, (iii) la durée pendant laquelle une fleur sécrète du nectar en fonction de la température pour chacune des deux lignées, et (iv) la vitesse de cette sécrétion nectarifère en fonction de la température pour chacune des deux lignées. Nous avons également validé une méthode d’évaluation rapide de la taille des cheptels d’abeilles mellifères introduits dans les cultures entomophiles, couramment utilisée dans certains pays, en tenant compte de la température.A partir de ces éléments, nous avons proposé d’introduire les concepts d’offre et de demande en pollinisation d’une culture cible, afin de quantifier les déficits de pollinisation et le nombre d’insectes pollinisateurs à introduire pour compléter ces déficits. Ces premiers éléments fournissent une base pour construire un modèle mécaniste de gestion intégrée de la pollinisation, pour prédire le nombre d’insectes pollinisateurs à introduire dans une culture étant donné son contexte climatique, paysager et variétal
Insects contribute to the pollination of 70% of the species cultivated today around the world. With the agriculture intensification in the early twentieth century, farmers began to introduce honey bees colonies into their entomophilous crops to provide pollination service. With the growing recognition of the major role played by wild insects in crop pollination, the concept of integrated crop pollination recently emerged, encouraging the combination of introduced and wild pollinating insects by adapting agricultural practices to ensure sustainable pollination of crops. But the introduction of managed pollinating insects is still an empirical practice that lacks technical references to be implemented with precision. The general objective of this thesis was to provide elements to develop an objective method to define the operational unit load of honey bees to be introduced per unit area of target crop to complement wild pollinating fauna so that pollination is not a limiting factor for production.We worked on a male fertile and a male sterile oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) lines, hybrid seed productions being entirely dependent on insects for pollination in this species. We were able to determine (i) the minimum number of viable pollen grains to be deposited on stigma so that seed set was complete depending on the temperature, (ii) the duration after anthesis during which the pollen must be deposited on the stigma so that seed set was complete depending on the temperature, (iii) the length of time a flower secretes nectar as a function of temperature for each of the two lines, and (iv) the rate of this nectar secretion as a function of temperature for each of the two lines. We also validated a method for rapid assessment of the size of honey bee stocking rate introduced into entomophilous crops, commonly used in some countries, taking into account temperature.From these elements, we proposed to introduce the concepts of supply and demand in pollination of a target crop, in order to quantify the pollination deficits and the number of pollinating insects to introduce to complete these deficits. These first elements provide a basis for constructing a mechanistic model of integrated pollination management, to predict the number of pollinating insects to be introduced into a crop given its climatic, landscape and varietal context

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Anderson, Schebesta Jane Fabiola, Carballido Rodrigo Sebastián Higinio, and Sánchez Alejandro Luciano Márquez. "Producción de miel a base de açaí." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657321.

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Según el Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), el consumo excesivo de azúcar contribuye al sobrepeso e incrementa el riesgo de sufrir enfermedades cardiovasculares, obesidad y diabetes . Además, el Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS), menciona que el sobrepeso y la obesidad son grandes males que afectan al Perú, tal es así que cerca del 70% de adultos, entre mujeres y varones, lo padecen; por lo que es necesario fomentar hábitos alimentarios y estilos de vida saludables, lejos del consumo excesivo de las grasas saturadas, grasas trans, azúcar y sodio. Por ello, el proyecto de miel de açaí nace como una oportunidad que busca endulzar alimentos de manera saludable en un mercado con una oferta y variedad limitada. En el mercado peruano existen distintos productos sustitutos y las personas suelen consumirlos porque pueden sen comprados más fácilmente y son más accesibles a su bolsillo. Con el presente proyecto, se buscará validar diversas variables que nos permitan tener mejor visibilidad de una potencial aceptación del mismo en la población limeña. Además, se realizará una investigación de mercado para conocer al público objetivo. Con estos resultados se definirán puntos de partidas, se analizarán potenciales ventas estratégicas para asegurar una respetable participación dentro del mercado al cual buscaremos dirigirnos. Mielaí, es una empresa cuyo objetivo inicial es ofrecer miel a base de açaí. Dicho producto busca posicionarse en el mercado como una alternativa saludable para endulzar bebidas y alimentos. Antes de iniciar el proyecto, se realizarán degustaciones para evaluar la viabilidad del mismo.
According to the Ministry of Health (MINSA), excessive consumption of sugar contributes to overweight and increases the risk of suffering from cardiovascular diseases, obesity and diabetes . In addition, the National Institute of Health (INS), mentions that overweight and obesity are great evils that affect Peru, so much so that about 70% of adults, women and men, suffer from it; so it is necessary to promote healthy eating habits and lifestyles, away from excessive consumption of saturated fats, trans fats, sugar and sodium. For this reason, the açaí honey project was born as an opportunity that seeks to sweeten food in a healthy way in a market with a limited supply and variety. In the Peruvian market, there are different substitute products and people usually consume them because they can be bought more easily and are more accessible to their pocket. With this project, we will seek to validate various variables that allow us to have better visibility of a potential acceptance of it in the Lima population. In addition, a market research will be carried out to know the target audience. With these results, starting points will be defined, potential strategic sales will be analyzed to ensure a respectable participation in the market to which we will seek to target. Mielaí, is a company whose initial objective is to offer açaí-based honey. This product seeks to position itself in the market as a healthy alternative to sweeten beverages and foods. Before starting the project, tastings will be held to assess its viability.
Trabajo de investigación

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Souza, José Edmundo Accioly de. "Agronegócio da apicultura: estudo da cadeia produtiva do mel em Alagoas." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2006. http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1124.

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The beekeeping, especially the honey production is pointed as one of the alternatives with respect to the reversion of unfavourable the social and ambient conditions in the agricultural way of the Northeast Region it Brazil and Been it of Alagoas. Having in the agricultural space not more only activities exclusively agriculturists, however the other activities like the small agro-industry, of familiar characteristic, can stimulate the generation, direct and indirect, of new ranks of work and income mainly for the familiar beekeepers, promoting its (re) economic inclusion. We search here to argue through the concepts of Sustainable Development, Productive Management of Chain and Management of the agribusiness, modern, the dynamics of the production of honey of bees in Alagoas. The objective is to describe the functioning of the chain of agro-industrial production of the honey of bees, being aimed at to identify what it hinders its development and sustainability so that in fact, if constitutes in an inclusion alternative economic partner of involved actors and, at the same time where the activity is viable inside of the current economic model. This quarrel if relates, also, with the actions and public politics necessary to stimulate the cited model of production, with sustainability.
A apicultura, especialmente a produção de mel é apontada como uma das alternativas para a reversão das condições sociais e ambientais desfavoráveis no meio rural da Região Nordeste do Brasil e do Estado de Alagoas. Tendo no espaço rural não mais apenas atividades exclusivamente agrícolas, porém a pluriatividade, a pequena agroindústria, de característica familiar, pode impulsionar a geração, direta e indireta, de novos postos de trabalho e de renda principalmente para os apicultores familiares, promovendo a sua (re) inclusão econômica. Buscamos aqui discutir através dos conceitos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Gestão de Cadeia Produtiva e Gestão do Agronegócio, moderno, a dinâmica da produção de mel de abelhas em Alagoas. O objetivo é descrever o funcionamento da cadeia de produção agroindustrial do mel de abelhas, visando identificar o que impede o seu desenvolvimento e sustentabilidade para que de fato, se constitua numa alternativa de inclusão sócia econômica dos atores envolvidos e, ao mesmo tempo em que a atividade seja viável dentro do modelo econômico atual. Essa discussão se relaciona, também, com as ações e políticas públicas necessárias para impulsionar o referido modelo de produção, com sustentabilidade.

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Hung, Wu Cheng, and 吳政鴻. "Ximending Honey (The Concepts and Production of A Fiction short)." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86868970415755111603.

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碩士
國立臺灣藝術大學
應用媒體藝術研究所
100
“Youth and Ageing are things we cannot change, we can only enjoy every moment we have” By Socrates The story describes how a young girl subtly changes within while she escorts an old man for a new mobile phone. As if the contrast to the story, the background sets in Xi-Men-Ding, where Taipei city started. It is intended to show the old and the new scenes of the city and how they are mixed into the scenery for such an encounter. Xi-Men-Ding is a complex place, both emotionally and geographically. Simultaneously, we look at the two main characters: Xi-Men-Ding Honey and the Old Man. She is young and sweet while he is old and fading. To present such apparent conflicts, we chose several noted places in Xi-Men-Ding as they symbolize the transcendence of this area through time and commercial influences. From image to image, we hope to highlight different aspects beyond the obvious compensated dating relationship between the young girl and the old man. Meanwhile, we want to challenge our audience to consider things it has yet to understand before making any judgments. This film is richly filled with metaphors and symbolism in order to deliver the scene diversity; we hope viewers will find traces of themselves and enjoyment.

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Mendizabal, Nabor H. "Simultaneous selection for reduced Varroa levels, hygienic behavior, brood viability, brood production, honey production and gentleness in European honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies using conventional queen propagation and mating methods." 2004. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/mendizabal%5Fnabor%5Fh%5F200412%5Fms.

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Norberg, O. Steven. "Meadowfoam oil yield as influenced by dry matter production and partitioning, flower number, and honey bee density." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36269.

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Truong, Ha Duy, and 何維長. "Effects of vermicompost application on the growth of organic seedling and organic production of two tomato varieties (small honey and graces)." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67186410868927345830.

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博士
國立屏東科技大學
熱帶農業暨國際合作系
104
This study was carried out for two consecutive years (2012-2014) at National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan. The aim of the present study is to assess application technology of vermicompost in organic cultivation of two tomato varieties. The study consists of four experiments being conducted under greenhouse conditions. In the first experiment (1), two tomato varieties seedlings were grown in different medium compositions to evaluate quality and growth of these tomato varieties. For the second experiment (2), two tomato varieties seedling were grown on different vermicompost rates then investigated quality and growth of tomato. For the third experiment (3), two tomato varieties grown on different vermicompost rates, subsequently growth and productivity were investigated. Besides, this experiment also evaluated residual effect of vemicompost on the second crop throughout assessment growth and productivity of two tomato varieties. For the fourth experiment (4), two tomato varieties were grown on reused medium from second season with adding 1.0 kg of vemicompost (equivalent to rate of 1: 8), then growth, productivity and fruit quality were evaluated. The results showed that, for the first experiment (1), using of VC enhanced the morphological growth (plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, fresh and dry shoot weigh), the N, P, K concentration in plant. However, using VC induced reducing germination rate of tomato seeds. This result was due to that VC made higher EC, pH value and bulk density. On the contrary, using cattle manure compost (T3) decreased EC, pH value, bulk density so that it helped increased germination rate. In the second experiment (2), the electrical conductivity (EC) value and macronutrient concentration had the positive correlation with proportion of vermicompost (VC), whereas water holding capacity (WHC), aeration porosity, and micronutrient concentration showed negatively. The treatment using mixture of VC with rice husk ash (RHS) and coconut fiber (CF) at the rate of 1:1:1 had the highest germination rates with a range of 98.0-100% for tomato varieties and higher than the control by 16.7% and 19.9% for V1 and V2, respectively. Moreover, both the productivity of biomass and the nutrient concentration in mixture were higher compared to other treatments. The shoot dry weight in both V1 and V2 were higher than that of the control over 60% with values of 2.03 and 2.10 g/plant, respectively. This finding showed that VC had a significant influence on the growth and nutrient uptake of tomato plants at seedling stage; especially VC when combined with RHS and CF at the rate of 1:1:1 proved optimum conditions for seedlings performance of tomato varieties. For the third experiment (3), in the first and second seasons, growth and yield of tomato were also influenced by different VC rates and reused VC. Obviously, increasing VC proportion led to the augmentation of EC, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in planting media in both seasons. However, in the first season the nutrient absorbent ability of tomato were remarkably higher compared to those in the second season due to higher available nutrient in the media of the first season. This may influence the shoot dry weight as well as the yield of tomato in both seasons. In T4 treatment, the yield attained the highest value in the first season for both varieties with the values of 562.3 and 812.4 g/plant for V1 and V2, respectively. In the second season the N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in media significantly decreased compared to those in the first season (496.4 g/plant-V1 and 508.3 g/plant-V2). In comparison, the yields in the first season were higher those in second season by 13.2% and 59.8% for V1 and V2, respectively. However, in the second season, the maximum yield found in T5 (508.3 g/plant-V1 and 682.2 g/plant-V2) and declining by 10.6 and 19.1% compared to those in the first season for V1 and V2, respectively. This can be explained that amounts of nutrients from the media in the first season had supported the growth and development of tomato resulting deficiency of nutrients in the media for the second season. In the fourth experiment (4), pH, EC, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg available in media were increased with addition of 1.0 kg VC. The EC values were higher by 2.03-3.7 % compared to those in the first season of third experiment after 15 days of transplanting stage. Similarly, K contents were increased from 2.4 to 3.1 %. This finding revealed that the addition of 1.0 kg VC significantly improved the physic-chemical media properties, increasing the EC and also increasing the macronutrients in the media resulting substantial increased the yield and quality of tomato fruits. It is concluded that EC of VC was the key factor for the positive increase of the productivity and quality of tomato and the salinity (EC at 3.52 dS/m) caused restriction of water to fruits that resulting increase of the total soluble solids in tomato fruit and without effect yield reduction.

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BAHELKOVÁ, Petra. "Vliv ročníku na produkci medu v různých nadmořských výškách." Master's thesis, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-80350.

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The aim of the work is an analysis influence of years and altitude above sea levels on the honey production of sample localitys in different altitude above sea levels. For observation of the years 2002{--}2006 was choice five localitys in different altitude above sea levels (472 {--} 650 m). The interaction sea level and year is a determine factor wich influence honey production of one bee colony from 89.77%. On increase sea level about 100 m is speeding of the honey production about 5 kg of one bee colony. Than the direct influence one factor (altitude above sea level, year) is strikinger on the honey production their interaction.

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Vu, Thi Lam An. "Incidence of Clostridium botulinum Spores in Honey and Infant Food Samples Collected from Vietnam and Germany." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-000D-F222-D.

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Martin, Georges. "Influence d’un supplément alimentaire sur le développement des colonies d’abeilles domestiques (Apis mellifera, Linnaeus 1758) au Québec." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3707.

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La malnutrition est identifiée comme l’un des facteurs potentiellement responsables des mortalités élevées de colonies d’abeilles des dernières années au Québec. Pour contrer cela, les apiculteurs donnent des suppléments de pollen à leurs colonies, mais les impacts d’une telle pratique à diverses périodes sont méconnus. Les effets de la disponibilité du pollen sur le développement de colonies d’abeilles ont été mesurés pendant 3 différentes périodes : au printemps, durant la pollinisation de la canneberge et à la fin de l’été. À chacune des périodes correspondait une expérience distincte utilisant 40 colonies. Pour chaque expérience, des conditions d’abondance de supplément de pollen et de restriction de pollen naturel étaient créées chez les colonies pendant un mois selon un plan d’expérience factorielle 2x2. L’élevage du couvain et la récolte de miel ont été mesurés jusqu’à la fin de l’été (début de l’été suivant pour l’expérience de fin d’été). Au printemps, les colonies restreintes en pollen naturel ont élevé 18% moins de couvain (p<0.05) pendant la période de restriction et 11% de moins à la fin de l’été alors que l’utilisation du supplément n’a eu aucun effet (p>0.05). Les colonies supplémentées durant la pollinisation des canneberges ont élevé moins de couvain (p<0.05) à la fin de l’été. Pour l’expérience de fin d’été, les colonies supplémentées ont eut une meilleure reprise printanière (p<0.05) de l’élevage du couvain (60% de plus) alors qu’une restriction en pollen naturel avait un effet négatif (p>0.05). Les récoltes de miel ont été augmentées (p<0.05) de 1,3 kg pendant la pollinisation de la canneberge alors qu’elles ont été diminuées (p<0.05)par une restriction en pollen naturel de 4,2 kg à la fin de l’été et de 15 kg au printemps.
The use of pollen supplement is a countermeasure to honey bee malnutrition which is identified as one of the factors causing high colonies losses over the past few years in Quebec. There is little documentation on the results of using pollen supplement during different periods. The effects of pollen availability and supplementation on the development of honey bee colonies were examined during 3 different periods: in spring, during cranberry pollination and in late summer. Each period was a distinct study using 40 different colonies. In each study, pollen supplemented and pollen restricted conditions were created for one month in 10 colonies per treatment group in a 2x2 factorial design experiment. Brood rearing and honey yield were monitored until the end of summer for the spring and the cranberry pollination studies and until the end of the following spring for the late summer study. In the spring study, pollen restricted colonies reared 18% less brood (p<0.05) during the restriction period and 11% less brood (p<0.05) by the end of summer while pollen supplement had no effect (p>0.05). Colonies supplemented during cranberry pollination study reared less brood (p<0.05) by the end of summer. In the late summer study, supplemented colonies had a greater (p<0.05) spring build-up (60% more brood) and pollen restriction negatively influence (p<0.05) brood rearing. Honey yield was decreased (p<0.05) by 15 kg in colonies exposed to a pollen restriction in spring. It was increased by 1.3 kg (p<0.05) in pollen supplemented colonies during the cranberry pollination study and was reduced by 4.2 kg (p<0.05) in pollen restricted colonies in the late summer study. In conclusion, pollen supplement improved colonies population when fed in late summer and not during spring or in cranberry pollination and was without impact on honey yield.

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"Agribusiness of beekeeping: study productive chain of the honey of bees in Alagoas." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFAL, 2006. http://bdtd.ufal.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=88.

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LEŠTINOVÁ, Iva. "Regionální trh vybranými bio komoditami: bio maso." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-173565.

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This thesis deals with the organic livestock production in South Bohemian region. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the South Bohemian organic meat production, production of eggs and honey and distribution of the biocommodities. Through the processing of data from the database IAEI and questionnaire survey, conducted at the level of organic farmers farming in the South Bohemian region with a valid certificate for meat production, development and the current market situation of organic meat production were assessed in the South Bohemian region.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Honey production'

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