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Journal articles on the topic 'Hook suspension'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zhang, Xiaoliang, Yimu Zhang, Yue Zhao, and Jiamei Nie. "A Multi-Hook Control Strategy for a Semi-Active Device Combining an Adjustable Inerter and Damper." Actuators 11, no. 10 (2022): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11100297.

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Neither the separate skyhook damping nor the skyhook inertance control strategy can adapt to the variations of both road and load conditions simultaneously. To address this issue, this work proposed a novel ideal multi-hook system by combining the skyhook inerter and hybrid damper, with both of their coefficients optimized. The proposed system can achieve road holding without sacrificing ride comfort. Depending on whether the inerter and damper were adjusted independently or together, this ideal multi-hook was realized semi-actively in two different control models with three different control

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2

Farah, Fouad, Xavier Moreau, and Roy Abi Zeid Daou. "Crone Ground Hook Suspension." Machines 13, no. 3 (2025): 244. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13030244.

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The work presented in this paper is to be read within the context of a connected autonomous vehicle (CAV). This context makes it possible to consider dividing the overall operational domain (operational design domain: ODD) of the vehicle into three sub-domains, relating to the areas of comfort (ODD1), road-holding (ODD2), and emergency situations (ODD3). Thus, based on information from the CAV’s proprioceptive and exteroceptive sensors, in addition to information from the infrastructure and other vehicles, supervision makes it possible, at any time, to identify the ODD in which the vehicle is

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Kou, Fa Rong, Jian Ma, and Ji Bai Wang. "The Simulation and Experimental Study on a Novel Vehicle Active Suspension with Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 1984–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.1984.

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Actuator is a very important part of vehicle active control suspension. Based on the analyses of traditional passive suspension and active suspension system, a novel vehicle active suspension with Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) is put forward. The system consists of two parts: spring and actuator with variable control force. The actuator includes hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic pump, controller, etc. According to bond graph principle, bond graph model of EHA active suspension are built. In addition, sky-hook controller and fuzzy logic controller are designed and sky-hook control and fuzzy co

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Farah, Fouad, Xavier Moreau, and Roy Abi Zeid Daou. "Generalized CRONE Sky Hook Suspension." IFAC-PapersOnLine 58, no. 12 (2024): 460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2024.08.234.

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5

Kruglov, S. P., S. V. Kovyrshin, and D. N. Aksamentov. "Adaptive Control of Two-Pendulum Suspension of Overhead Crane." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 23, no. 9 (2022): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.23.451-461.

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When constructing the bridge crane control law, a two-pendulum model with a hook suspension, on which the transported load is suspended, and a load suspension is considered. This model more accurately describes the dynamics of cargo movement, which is especially critical in a number of crane operating modes, including cases when the mass-inertial parameters of the cargo are close to the hook. A mathematical model of the two-pendulum mechanical system of the crane suspension along one axis of its movement is described, taking into account the effect of friction forces when moving the crane trol

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Kou, Fa Rong. "Sky-Hook Control of Vehicle Active Suspension with Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator." Advanced Materials Research 846-847 (November 2013): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.846-847.30.

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A kind of vehicle active suspension based on Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) is put forward. The suspension system consists of two parts: spring and actuator with controlled force. The actuator includes hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic pump, controller, etc. In this paper, a quarter-car dynamic model is exactly established involving bond graph models of EHA parts. Under the input conditions of the given road profile and designed sky-hook controller, The prototype and test rig of EHA active suspension are developed and bench tests are carried out. The simulation and experimental results show th

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7

Alanoly, J., and S. Sankar. "A New Concept in Semi-Active Vibration Isolation." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 109, no. 2 (1987): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3267444.

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Semi-active suspensions can achieve performance close to that of active suspensions with much lower cost and complexity. They use an active damper in parallel with a passive spring. The forces in the damper are generated merely by the modulation of fluid-flow orifices based on a control scheme involving feedback variables. This paper presents an original control strategy employing only directly measurable variables in vehicle applications. The relative displacement and relative velocity across the suspension are the only feedback signals and the damper force can be continuously modulated (as o

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Schram, T. A., and P. A. Heuch. "The egg string attachment mechanism of selected pennellid copepods." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 81, no. 1 (2001): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315401003368.

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The anatomy of the hook apparatus that attaches egg strings to the fish parasites Haemobaphes cyclopterina, Lernaeocera branchialis, Lernaeocera lusci, Lernaeenicus sprattae, Sarcotretes scopeli and Pennella balaenoptera (Copepoda: Pennellida) is described and illustrated. The hook rises from a cupulate base, extending posteriorly and anteriorly in the body cavity. The suspension of the apparatus in the trunk of the different species differs, but the function is similar. The hook tip enters the genital antrum, nearly penetrates the proximal end of the egg string, and continues into a notch on

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9

Geng, Guoqing, Yi Yu, Liqin Sun, and Hao Li. "Research on Ride Comfort and Driving Safety under Hybrid Damping Extension Control for Suspension Systems." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041442.

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This paper is concerned with the conflicting performances of ride comfort and driving safety for semi-active suspension systems. To alleviate this conflict, a novel hybrid damping extension control (HDEC) method is proposed. This method adopts various control methods and the weights of each method are determined by extension theory. Firstly, body acceleration and tire dynamic transformation are selected to evaluate ride comfort and driving safety performance for the semi-active suspension system and their frequency responses of passive suspension, sky-hook control, ground hook control, and S-G

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10

Jurkiewicz, Andrzej, Janusz Kowal, and Kamil Zając. "Sky-Hook Control and Kalman Filtering in Nonlinear Model of Tracked Vehicle Suspension System." Acta Mechanica et Automatica 11, no. 3 (2017): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ama-2017-0034.

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AbstractThe essence of the undertaken topic is application of the continuous sky-hook control strategy and the Extended Kalman Filter as the state observer in the 2S1 tracked vehicle suspension system. The half-car model of this suspension system consists of seven logarithmic spiral springs and two magnetorheological dampers which has been described by the Bingham model. The applied continuous sky-hook control strategy considers nonlinear stiffness characteristic of the logarithmic spiral springs. The control is determined on estimates generated by the Extended Kalman Filter. Improve of ride c

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11

Wang, Qunsheng, Jing Zeng, Yi Wu, and Bin Zhu. "Study on semi-active suspension applied on carbody underneath suspended system of high-speed railway vehicle." Journal of Vibration and Control 26, no. 9-10 (2020): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546319889863.

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Considering the coupling vibration of a flexible carbody and the underneath suspended equipment, a vertical coupled vibration model of a high-speed train was constructed. A roller test rig was conducted to validate the theoretical model. To reduce carbody elastic vibration, the semi-active vibration reduction models based on the Sky-hook and the linear quadratic regulator control strategies were proposed. The semi-active suspension system was installed between the carbody and the suspended equipment, and the influence of the semi-active suspension on carbody vibration reduction was analyzed. T

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12

Nabagło, Tomasz, Andrzej Jurkiewicz, and Janusz Kowal. "Semi-Active Suspension System for 2S1 Tracked Platform in Application of Improvement of the Vehicle Body Stability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 759 (May 2015): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.759.77.

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In the article, a new solution of a semi-active suspension system is presented. It is based on a sky-hook strategy model. This solution in 2S1 tracked platform is applied to improve body vehicle stability and driving comfort. The solution is applied in two versions of the 2S1 vehicle suspension model. First one is a basic model. This suspension is based on existing construction of the 2S1 platform suspension. It is based on torsion bars. Second one is a modified model, based on spiral torsion springs. In this model a new solution of idler mechanism is applied. It provides constant tension of t

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13

Forsyth, Craig J., and Jessica Simpson. "Everything Changes Once you Hang: Flesh Hook Suspension." Deviant Behavior 29, no. 4 (2008): 367–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01639620701588305.

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14

Vinayak, S. Dixit* Sachin C. Borse. "SEMI-ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM DESIGN FOR QUARTER CAR MODEL AND ITS ANALYSIS WITH PASSIVE SUSPENSION MODEL." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 2 (2017): 203–11. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.290144.

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The three main objectives that a suspension system of an automobile must satisfy are ride comfort, vehicle handling and suspension working space. Ride comfort is directly related to the vehicle acceleration experienced by the driver and the passengers. Lesser vertical acceleration, higher is the level of comfort. The aim of the Project was to design and analyze the semi active suspension system models using skyhook, ground hook and hybrid control for quarter car. The project work includes modeling of semi-active suspension system in MATLAB simulink, using 2 degree of freedom quarter car model.

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15

Abu Osman, Noor Azuan, Hossein Gholizadeh, Arezoo Eshraghi, and Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas. "Clinical evaluation of a prosthetic suspension system: Looped silicone liner." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 41, no. 5 (2016): 476–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364616670396.

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Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare a newly designed suspension system with a common suspension in the market. Study design: Prospective study. Methods: Looped liners with hook fastener and Iceross Dermo Liner with pin/lock system were mechanically tested using a tensile testing machine in terms of system safety. A total of 10 transtibial amputees participated in this study and were asked to use these two different suspension systems. The pistoning was measured between the liner and socket through a photographic method. Three static axial loading conditions were implemented, n

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16

Gao, Yong Qiang, Jin Qiu Zhang, Jin Feng Jia, and Jie Yue. "Study on MRAC Strategy of Suspension System Based on Magneto-Rheological Fluid Damper." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.573.

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Magneto-rheological fluid damper(MRFD) is one of new type damper. Based on MRFD, a new model reference adaptive control(MRAC) system is designed in this paper, and it employed sky-hook damping control as model reference. Lyapunov stability theory is used to deduce adaptive control law, and simulation result indicates that MRAC system is not only can follow sky-hook control quickly and well, and it also can adapt to the road conditons, varaition of vehicle body mass and suspension system parameter

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17

Yoneda, Kan, Hiroyuki Iiyama, and Shigeo Hirose. "Sky-Hook Suspension Control of a Quadruped Walking Vehicle." Journal of the Robotics Society of Japan 12, no. 7 (1994): 1066–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7210/jrsj.12.1066.

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18

Bazios, Panagiotis, Farbod Khoshnoud, and Ibrahim Esat. "Energy harvesting from suspension system and self-powered vibration control for a seven degree of freedom vehicle model." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 232, no. 3 (2017): 342–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419317735990.

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Traditionally, a quarter-car model and a sky-hook controller are employed to derive analytical expressions that describe conditions for self-powered operation. The main contribution of this work consists in using a seven degree of freedom vehicle model to determine numerically the condition for self-powered operation of an active suspension system with electromagnetic actuators. The performance of proportional–integral–derivative, linear quadratic regulator, and fuzzy Logic suspension controllers that employ feedback information for heave, pitch, and roll motion is evaluated under self-powered

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19

Savaresi, Sergio M., and Cristiano Spelta. "Mixed Sky-Hook and ADD: Approaching the Filtering Limits of a Semi-Active Suspension." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 129, no. 4 (2006): 382–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2745846.

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The problem considered in this paper is the design and analysis of control strategies for semiactive suspensions in road vehicles. The most commonly used control algorithm is the well-known sky-hook (SH) damping. Recently, a new control approach named acceleration driven damping (ADD) has been developed, using optimal-control theory. It has been shown that SH and ADD have complementary characteristics: SH provides large benefits around the body resonance; otherwise performs similarly to a passive suspension; instead, ADD provides large benefits beyond the body resonance. The first goal of this

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20

Stein, G. J. "New results on an electropneumatic active seat suspension system." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 214, no. 5 (2000): 533–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407001527826.

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A vibration control system with an air spring as the actuator and proportional electropneumatic control has been developed at the Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Bratislava. As the electropneumatic transducer, a proportional pressure control valve is used in contrast to the previously used proportional flow control valve. The vibration control is facilitated by a combination of a ‘sky hook’ feedback loop and a feedforward loop working on the so-called ‘sky cloud’ principle, compensating base vertical vibration. Good agreement between simulation results and measurement on a labora

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21

Woo, Seunghoon, and Donghoon Shin. "A Double Sky-Hook Algorithm for Improving Road-Holding Property in Semi-Active Suspension Systems for Application to In-Wheel Motor." Applied Sciences 11, no. 19 (2021): 8912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11198912.

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This paper presents a double sky-hook algorithm for controlling semi-active suspension systems in order to improve road-holding property for application in an in-wheel motor. The main disadvantage of the in-wheel motor is the increase in unsprung masses, which increases after shaking of the wheel, so it has poor road-holding that the conventional theoretical sky-hook algorithm cannot achieve. The double sky-hook algorithm uses a combination of damper coefficients, one from the chassis motion and the other from the wheel motion. Computer simulations using a quarter and full car dynamic models w

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22

Zhao, Jing, Pak Kin Wong, Zhengchao Xie, Xinbo Ma, and Caiyang Wei. "Design of a Road Friendly SAS System for Heavy-Duty Vehicles Based on a Fuzzy-Hybrid-ADD and GH-Control Strategy." Shock and Vibration 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6321765.

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Semiactive suspension (SAS) system has been widely used for its outstanding performance in offering competent ride quality, road holding, and handling capacity. However, the road friendliness is also one of the crucial factors that should be attached in the design of the SAS system for heavy-duty vehicles. In this study, a fuzzy controlled hybrid-acceleration driven damper (ADD) and ground hook- (GH-) control strategy is proposed for SAS system of heavy-duty vehicles. Firstly, a quarter-vehicle model with SAS system is constructed. Then, aiming to improve the ride quality and road friendliness

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23

Xu, Guang Hui, Yan Yang Wang, Yi Nong Li, and Wei Sun. "Analyze for Vertical Vibration of the In-Wheel Motor Electric Vehicle Based on Power Flow Method." Advanced Materials Research 915-916 (April 2014): 444–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.915-916.444.

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The vertical vibration of the in-wheel motor electric vehicle (IWM-EV) induced by large unsprung mass is analyzed based on power flow method. The simulation results show that due to the unsprung mass increase of IWM-EV, energy consumption of the suspension and wheel is increasing, which will cause adverse effects on not just the ride comfort but the maneuver stability. To decrease the effect, a new kind of vibration mitigation measure of the vehicle body absorber combined with an active hybrid control integrated the sky-hook and ground-hook methods is developed. The effectiveness of this measu

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24

Muhammed, Alhelou, and Alexander Gavrilov. "Managing the handling–comfort contradiction of a quarter-car system using Kalman filter." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 43, no. 10 (2021): 2292–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331221994951.

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This article introduces a new approach to manage the “handling–comfort” contradiction of a vehicle suspension system. The idea is based on determining a specific time constant that reflects the percentage of suspension damping. This time constant is defined using the measurement of the sprung mass acceleration and the suspension deflection. A distinction is made between the control unit design for a semi-active suspension system and the control unit design for an active suspension system. The semi-active design is based on two sensors and a Kalman filter (KF), while the active design is based

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25

Xie, Xiaona, Zhengwei Chang, Zhongxiao Lan, Mingju Chen, and Xingyue Zhang. "Improved YOLOv7 Electric Work Safety Belt Hook Suspension State Recognition Algorithm Based on Decoupled Head." Electronics 13, no. 20 (2024): 4017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13204017.

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Safety is the eternal theme of power systems. In view of problems such as time-consuming and poor real-time performance in the correct use of seat belt hooks by manual supervision operators in the process of power operation, this paper proposes an improved YOLOv7 seat belt hook suspension state recognition algorithm. Firstly, the feature extraction part of the YOLOv7 backbone network is improved, and the M-Spatial Pyramid Pooling Concurrent Spatial Pyramid Convolution (M-SPPCSPC) feature extraction module is constructed to replace the Spatial Pyramid Pooling Concurrent Spatial Pyramid Convolut

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26

Turnip, Arjon. "Withdrawn article: A Quarter Active Suspension System Based Ground-Hook Controller." MATEC Web of Conferences 75 (2016): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20167504002.

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27

Nie, Shida, Ye Zhuang, Fan Chen, and Jie Xie. "Invariant points of semi-active suspensions." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 7 (2018): 168781401877731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018777316.

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The invariant points of the quarter vehicle model shape many properties concerned in vehicle suspension design. Although they have been studied for years, the invariant points are still confusing for their different traits. Hence, the existing invariant points are sorted and analysed. Meanwhile, the invariant points of the semi-active suspension were introduced. In this article, a further study on the invariant points of the semi-active suspension is conducted, which provides insight for suspension optimization. In detail, an equivalent linear approximation model, derived from the transformati

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28

Chen, Yu, Jun Chen, Wei Li, et al. "RESEARCH ON DESIGN AND HYBRID SLIDING MODE CONTROL OF HIGH CLEARANCE SELF-PROPELLED SPRAYER CHASSIS AIR SUSPENSION." INMATEH Vol.61 61, no. 2 (2020): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35633/inmateh-61-13.

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According to the operation characteristics of high clearance self-propelled sprayer, an independent vertical shaft air suspension system with auxiliary chamber was designed. On the basis of the damping characteristic analysis and experiment of the air suspension with auxiliary chamber, the sprayer suspension control strategy was developed. Aiming at strong non-linearity and hysteresis for air suspension with auxiliary chamber, and when the sprayer performed road transportation and spraying operation, there was a contradiction between ride comfort and road friendliness, a hybrid sliding mode co

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29

Rivas López, Santiago M., Mario R. Sobczyk S., Fabiano D. Wildner, and Eduardo A. Perondi. "Active Suspension Control of High-Performance Elevators." Advanced Materials Research 902 (February 2014): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.902.231.

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This paper addresses a comparative study concerning five control techniques applied to high-performance elevators active suspension systems, such as those employed in "skyscrapers". The main objective is to present the different control techniques and analyze the fundamental characteristics of each controller. To accomplish this, the development of the mathematical model of the controlled system is outlined and its integration with the control algorithms is presented. Besides three classic controllers (State Feedback, PID and Sky Hook), due to the significant dynamic behavior dependence on the

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30

Li, Yalin, Shichang Han, Junlin Xiong, and Wenbo Wang. "Comfort-Oriented Semi-Active Suspension Configuration with Inerter-Based Network Synthesis." Actuators 12, no. 7 (2023): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act12070290.

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This paper presents a comfort-oriented semi-active suspension system composed of a network-synthesized passive section and a controllable section based on a semi-active inerter. Firstly, the semi-active suspension system is divided into a passive part and a controllable part. For the passive part, first-order and second-order robust positive real controllers are designed. The problem with H2 cost is considered, and the bilinear matrix inequalities (BMI) are solved using an iterative method to obtain two admittance functions. The admittance functions are physically realized as two mechanical ne

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31

VALÁŠEK, M., M. NOVÁK, Z. ŠIKA, and O. VACULÍN. "Extended Ground-Hook - New Concept of Semi-Active Control of Truck's Suspension." Vehicle System Dynamics 27, no. 5-6 (1997): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00423119708969333.

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32

Caponetto, R., O. Diamante, G. Fargione, A. Risitano, and D. Tringali. "A soft computing approach to fuzzy sky-hook control of semiactive suspension." IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 11, no. 6 (2003): 786–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcst.2003.819592.

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Chen, Jie Ping, Yin Hu Qiao, Wu Tang Feng, and Wan Shan Guo. "Research of Self-Adjust Compromise Control Strategy about Comfort and Stability of Quarter Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 464 (November 2013): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.464.265.

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On the basis of the MRD 1/4 vehicle model, and combined with the thought of mixed control of skyhook damper and ground-hook damper, a hybrid semi-active control strategy that the coordinated parameters are adjusted automatically according to the vehicle speed is put forward in order to meet the requirements of the riding comfort and the adhesive performance under different working conditions. Based on the reconfigured standard Grade B and C road excitation signals, simulation researches on vertical vibration of vehicle body, dynamic deflection of vehicle suspension and dynamic loads of tires a

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Rawas, Matheel Al, Farah Rashid, Aparna Barman, et al. "Sustaining an obturator prosthesis with zygomatic suspension wires in a case of subtotal maxillectomy and insuffient ridge supported retention: A case report." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 19, no. 3 (2020): 582–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v19i3.45879.

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Purpose: For making denture in maxillectomy cases is very difficult and challenging to get the retention tomake the denture stable in its position during functioning. This case report describes a clinical condition inwhich patient was treated with a maxillary obturator with zygomatic suspension wiring due to insufficientretention in the palate. Materials and Methods: A 63-year-old patient had gone to a subtotal maxillectomybecause following myofibroblastic sarcoma andwas issued with bilateral circum-zygomatic wiring hooksimmediately after surgery. The patient had less than a third of the

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35

Verros, G., S. Natsiavas, and C. Papadimitriou. "Design Optimization of Quarter-car Models with Passive and Semi-active Suspensions under Random Road Excitation." Journal of Vibration and Control 11, no. 5 (2005): 581–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546305052315.

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A methodology is presented for optimizing the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of nonlinear quarter-car models subjected to random road excitation. The investigation starts with car models involving passive damping with constant or dual-rate characteristics. Then, we also examine car models where the damping coefficient of the suspension is selected so that the resulting system approximates the performance of an active suspension system with sky-hook damping. For the models with semi-active or passive dual-rate dampers, the value of the equivalent suspension damping coefficient is a

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Cho, Jeong-Mok, and Joong-Seon Joh. "Fuzzy Sky-hook Control of Semi-active Suspension System Using Rotary MR Damper." Journal of Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 17, no. 5 (2007): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5391/jkiis.2007.17.5.701.

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37

YOSHIDA, Hidehisa, and Masao NAGAI. "Sky-Hook Model Following Control of Vehicle Suspension Using an Electro-Rheological Damper." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 64, no. 625 (1998): 3420–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.64.3420.

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38

Wiklund, E., G. Finstad, G. Aguiar, and P. J. Bechtel. "Does carcass suspension technique influence reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) meat quality attributes?" Animal Production Science 52, no. 8 (2012): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11269.

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In total, eight reindeer steers (ages 3–6 years old) were used in the study to evaluate the effects of carcass suspension technique on meat tenderness, colour and water-holding capacity (WHC). Carcasses were split along the spine and sides were randomly allocated to pelvic suspension (hung using a butcher hook through the obturator foramen) or normal Achilles tendon suspension (control treatment). From all 16 carcass halves, meat samples were collected from the loin (M. longissimus), inside (M. semimembranosus) and shoulder (M. triceps brachii) for sensory evaluation and measurements of shear

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Hernández-Altamirano, J. Mabel, Irene F. Ugidos, Javier Palazón, et al. "Production of Encecalin in Cell Cultures and Hairy Roots of Helianthella quinquenervis (Hook.) A. Gray." Molecules 25, no. 14 (2020): 3231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25143231.

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Plant cell and organ cultures of Helianthella quinquenervis, a medicinal plant whose roots are used by the Tarahumara Indians of Chihuahua, Mexico, to relieve several ailments, were established to identify and quantify some chromenes with biological activity, such as encecalin, and to evaluate their potential for biotechnological production. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis corroborated the presence of quantifiable amounts of encecalin in H. quinquenervis cell cultures (callus and cell suspensions). In addition, hairy roots were obtained through three transformation protoc

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Nor, Azlina Hasbullah, Saleh Azani, and Mat Taha Rosna. "Establishment of somatic embryogenesis from Gerbera jamesonii Bolus EX. Hook F. through suspension culture." African Journal of Biotechnology 10, no. 63 (2011): 13762–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajb11.1653.

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Liu, Yanling, Dongyin Shi, Fu Du, Xiaofeng Yang, and Kerong Zhu. "Topological Optimization of Vehicle ISD Suspension under Steering Braking Condition." World Electric Vehicle Journal 14, no. 10 (2023): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj14100297.

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Anti-roll and anti-pitch are important directions in the comprehensive research of automobiles. In order to improve the anti-roll and anti-pitch performance of the vehicle, an inerter was applied to the vehicle suspension system, and a 14 DOF vehicle nonlinear dynamics model was established. The influence of the change in inertance in the eight kinds of improved ISD (Inerter-Spring-Damper) suspension structures on the RMS (root mean square) value of performance indexes of roll, vertical, and pitch motion of the vehicle was studied. Based on this, the vehicle’s ISD structure with better perform

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Tharehalli mata, Gurubasavaraju, Vijay Mokenapalli, and Hemanth Krishna. "Performance analysis of MR damper based semi-active suspension system using optimally tuned controllers." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 235, no. 10-11 (2021): 2871–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544070211004467.

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This study assesses the dynamic performance of the semi-active quarter car vehicle under random road conditions through a new approach. The monotube MR damper is modelled using non-parametric method based on the dynamic characteristics obtained from the experiments. This model is used as the variable damper in a semi-active suspension. In order to control the vibration caused under random road excitation, an optimal sliding mode controller (SMC) is utilised. Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is coupled to identify the parameters of the SMC. Three optimal criteria are used for determining the b

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Ha, S. H., S. B. Choi, G. S. Lee, and W. H. Yoo. "Control performance evaluation of railway vehicle MR suspension using fuzzy sky-ground hook control algorithm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 412 (February 15, 2013): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/412/1/012042.

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Choi, Seung-Bok, Dong-Won Park, and Moon-Suk Suh. "Fuzzy Sky-Ground Hook Control of a Tracked Vehicle Featuring Semi-Active Electrorheological Suspension Units." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 124, no. 1 (1999): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1434266.

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This paper presents vibration control of a tracked vehicle installed with electro-rheological suspension units (ERSU). As a first step, a double-rod type ERSU is designed on the basis of the Bingham model of commercially available ER fluid, and its spring and damping characteristics are evaluated with respect to the intensity of electric fields. Subsequently, a 16 degree-of-freedom model for a tracked vehicle featuring the ERSU is established followed by the formulation of a new sky-ground hook controller. This controller takes account for both ride quality and steering stability by adopting a

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Miao, Guo-peng, Chuan-shu Zhu, Jun-tao Feng, Juan Han, Xiao-Wei Song, and Xing Zhang. "Aggregate cell suspension cultures of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. for triptolide, wilforgine, and wilforine production." Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 112, no. 1 (2012): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11240-012-0211-0.

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Kim, C., and P. I. Ro. "A sliding mode controller for vehicle active suspension systems with non-linearities." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 212, no. 2 (1998): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407981525812.

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In this paper, the control of an active suspension system using a quarter car model has been investigated. Due to the presence of non-linearities such as a hardening spring, a quadratic damping force and the ‘tyre lift-off’ phenomenon in a real suspension system, it is very difficult to achieve desired performance using linear control techniques. To ensure robustness for a wide range of operating conditions, a sliding mode controller has been designed and compared with an existing nonlinear adaptive control scheme in the literature. The sliding mode scheme utilizes a variant of a sky-hook damp

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Liao, Yingying, Yongqiang Liu, and Shaopu Yang. "Semiactive Control of High-Speed Railway Vehicle Suspension Systems with Magnetorheological Dampers." Shock and Vibration 2019 (November 6, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5279380.

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Using the magnetorheological (MR) damper model, this paper derives a semiactive suspension model for a high-speed railway vehicle, and a new evaluating method is proposed to analyze the effect of two kinds of time delay existing in control systems on vehicle dynamic performance. The railway vehicle is modeled by a 50 degree-of-freedom (DOF) system which considers the full 6 DOF of each wheelset, bogie, car body, and the pitch angle of each axle box. Several control strategies, sky-hook (SH), acceleration-driven damping (ADD), and mixed SH-ADD, are considered in the semiactive suspension system

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WEYENBERG, THOMAS R., JOSEPH W. PIALET, and NICHOLAS K. PETEK. "THE DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS FOR AN AUTOMOTIVE SEMI-ACTIVE SUSPENSION SYSTEM." International Journal of Modern Physics B 10, no. 23n24 (1996): 3201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979296001641.

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The feasibility of electrorheological (ER) dampers for an automotive semi-active suspension was evaluated in a three phase program. In the first phase, ER fluid performance targets were derived. The desired ride and handling attributes of the suspension system were translated into damper specifications, which were then translated into the ER fluid performance targets. The damper specifications included dynamic range, bandwidth, power draw, and packaging. The ER fluid performance parameters then included zero-field viscosity, ER stress, response time, and power density. In the second phase, the

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Aini Habib, Noor, Sukarti Moeljopawi, Kumala Dewi, and Ari Indrianto. "Flavonoid Production, Growth and Differentiation of Stelechocarpus burahol (Bl.) Hook. F. and Th. Cell Suspension Culture." Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 20, no. 4 (2017): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2017.197.203.

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van Casteren, Dave, Bart Gysen, John Kessels, Johan Paulides, Paul van den Bosch, and Elena Lomonova. "Non-Linear Full-Car Modeling and Sky-Hook Control for a Direct-Drive Active Suspension System." SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems 6, no. 1 (2013): 252–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-0713.

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