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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Horizontal diameter

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Academic literature on the topic 'Horizontal diameter'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Horizontal diameter"

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Bell, L. B., F. A. Hopp, J. L. Seagard, H. F. Van Brederode, and J. P. Kampine. "A continuous noncontact method for measuring in situ vascular diameter with a video camera." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 3 (1988): 1279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.3.1279.

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A new, continuous, on-line, video diameter-measuring technique, utilizing a video camera mounted on the sidearm of a stereo microscope, is described. Vessel diameter is derived from changes in the video output signal of the camera or a video recorder when the vessel of interest is displayed horizontally on a monitor and well contrasted with its background. A comparator threshold is set on the filtered video output signal and generates an output pulse that is used to gate horizontal video sync pulses to a digital counter-timer. The number of pulses counted for each video field (no. of horizonta

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Akman, A., O. Oram, and P. Aydin. "Optic Disc Measurements with the 78 Diopter Lens, Zeiss 4-Mirror Contact Lens and Computerized Image Analysing System." European Journal of Ophthalmology 8, no. 1 (1998): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112067219800800106.

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We evaluated the 78 diopter (D) lens and Zeiss 4-mirror lens for the measurement of vertical and horizontal optic disc diameters during slit-lamp biomicroscopy and compared the results with the measurements made with the computerized image analysing system (IMAGEnet 640, Topcon, Japan) in 30 eyes of 30 patients. The 78D lens and Zeiss 4-mirror lens measurements both correlated well with the computerized image analysis measurements (r=0.881 for vertical and r=0.895 for horizontal disc diameter measurements with the 78D lens and r=0.883 for vertical and r=0.891 for horizontal disc diameter measu

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Catherine Bastion, Mae-Lynn. "Evaluation of the Relationship between Corneal Diameter and Lens Diameter in Children." Medicine & Health 15, no. 2 (2020): 66–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mh.2020.1502.09.

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Primary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has gained acceptance for management of infantile cataracts because of the advantage of reduced amblyopia risk. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between corneal diameter as measured from the white-to-white distance and natural lens diameter in children. This association may aid intraocular lens selection following cataract removal in infants and young children. A cross-sectional study was performed on forty eyes from 40 children less than 4 years, who needed to be examined, were planned for a procedure or operation under genera

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He, Pei, Li Jun Cheng, Ming Gong, Ke Xiong Song, and Yu Zhu. "Flow Field Characteristic Study of Horizontal Section PDC Bit in the Southeast of Chong Qing Wu Feng – Long Ma Xi Shale Reservoir." Applied Mechanics and Materials 316-317 (April 2013): 807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.316-317.807.

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The Southeast of Chong Qing Wu Feng – Long Ma Xi group is a national shale gas exploration and development key formation. Shale contains high clay minerals,It makes serious borehole instability and large of cuttings transport.The segment length of the horizontal well, is easy to form cuttings bed.Strong shale plastic makes ROP low. In this paper, It calculates the closed N-S equation based on the k-ε two-equation model by using numerical simulation method,studys the Φ 215.9 mm PDC bit´s nozzle diameters. When the center nozzle diameter is 12.70mm in a long horizontal section shale reservoir,It

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Bishop, Jeffrey J., Patricia R. Nance, Aleksander S. Popel, Marcos Intaglietta, and Paul C. Johnson. "Diameter changes in skeletal muscle venules during arterial pressure reduction." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 279, no. 1 (2000): H47—H57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.1.h47.

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Previous studies in skeletal muscle have shown a substantial (>100%) increase in venous vascular resistance with arterial pressure reduction to 40 mmHg, but a microcirculatory study showed no significant venular diameter changes in the horizontal direction during this procedure. To examine the possibility of venular collapse in the vertical direction, a microscope was placed horizontally to view a vertically mounted rat spinotrapezius muscle preparation. We monitored the diameters of venules (mean diameter 73.8 ± 37.0 μm, range 13–185 μm) oriented horizontally and vertically with a video sy

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Balta, Ahmet Ziya, Ilker Sucullu, Mehmet Saydam, and Ozgur Dandin. "Horizontal tumor diameter as a prognostic factor." American Journal of Surgery 211, no. 1 (2016): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjsurg.2015.04.013.

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Yoon, Da Eun, Soo Chang Cho, Hyun Jin Kim, and Kyung Eun Han. "Comparison of Horizontal White-to-white Diameter Measured Using Four Devices." Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 64, no. 1 (2023): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3341/jkos.2023.64.1.9.

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Purpose: To compare the horizontal white-to-white (WTW) diameter measured using four devices.Methods: We measured the horizontal WTW diameter of 52 eyes of 52 patients using the IOL Master 500, ANTERION, OA-2000, and Pentacam HR devices. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the measurements. Correlations between the measurements were evaluated using the Pearson correlation test. Agreement between measurements obtained using different instruments was confirmed using a Bland-Altman plot.Results: The mean horizontal WTW diameters obtained using IOL Master 500, ANTERION, OA-2

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Zhu, Xixi, Chende Xu, Mingzhou Gu, and Naihua Wang. "Experimental Study on Two-Phase Countercurrent Flow Limitation in Horizontal Circular Pipes." Energies 17, no. 9 (2024): 2081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17092081.

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The two-phase countercurrent flow limitation (CCFL) in horizontal channels is important in relation to nuclear reactor safety. In this study, we aim to investigate the CCFL characteristics and the flow behaviors in horizontal circular pipes with small diameters. The effects of pipe diameter and the water head in the upper plenum on CCFL characteristics are experimentally studied. An image-processing technique and statistical treatments are implemented to analyze the horizontal countercurrent flow. The results show that the CCFL characteristics for the horizontal circular pipes with small diame

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Sapountzaki, Olga E., Andreas E. Kampitsis, and Nikos D. Lagaros. "Modelling of Inelastic Pentamode-Based Bridge Bearings Using Beam Elements." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 12, no. 3 (2023): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2023.12.3.126.

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Metameterials have unique properties, which are mostly attributed to their geometrical configuration. Pentamodes, a subcategory of metamaterials, exhibit an almost zero shear elastic modulus while maintaining high compression stiffness, offering a behavior similar to that of a liquid, suggesting the potential application of pentamodes in seismic isolation. In this paper a real-life bridge bearing, composed of repetitive layers of pentamode unit cells in the horizontal and vertical axes is studied. The lattices are modelled using beam finite elements with an equivalent uniform diameter to ensur

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Wang, Zhiwei. "Optimal design of medium-buried pipe with horizontal wells." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 8, no. 1 (2023): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.541.2023.

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In this paper, based on the emergence of medium-depth cased buried pipe with horizontal wells, a kind of optimization design for this buried pipe is designed. Firstly, a semi-analytical model and related evaluation indexes are established for the model, and three different schemes are used for simulation and comparison, which are: changing the inner and outer diameters of the buried pipe at the same time, changing the outer pipe diameter while keeping the inner pipe diameter unchanged, and changing the inner pipe diameter while keeping the outer pipe diameter unchanged, which are of great sign

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Horizontal diameter"

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Shi, Hua. "A study of oil-water flows in large diameter horizontal pipelines." Ohio : Ohio University, 2001. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1178912194.

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Maley, Lisa. "A study of slug flow characteristics in large diameter horizontal multiphase pipelines." Ohio : Ohio University, 1997. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1177090588.

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Malhotra, Ajay. "Study of two and three-phase flows in large diameter horizontal pipelines." Ohio : Ohio University, 1995. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1179947127.

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Pietrangeli, Sven. "Comparison of fixed diameter and variable diameter wind turbines driving a permanent magnet hub motor." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1283.

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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE: Mechanical Engineering in the FACULTY OF ENGINEERING at the CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, 2012<br>The amount of power a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) can produce is determined by two main factors, wind velocity and rotor swept area. Theory dictates that the power production of a horizontal wind turbine is related to the cube of wind velocity and the square of the turbine diameter (or radius). The power produced at any given time is thus dependent on of the wind velocity and the rotor swept

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Tullius, Lisa. "A study of drag reducing agents in multiphase flow in large diameter horizontal pipelines." Ohio : Ohio University, 2000. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1181066439.

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Al-Jumaily, K. E. J. "Two phase flow pressure drop and void fraction studies in a large diameter horizontal pipeline." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372062.

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Lee, Ai Hsin. "A study of flow regime transitions for oil-water-gas mixtures in large diameter horizontal pipelines." Ohio : Ohio University, 1993. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1175713378.

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Saadawi, Abdunaser Ali. "Two phase flow metering and pressure loss through orifices and valves in a large diameter horizontal pipeline." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248519.

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Ali, Essaied Masoud. "A study of two-phase flow in a large diameter horizontal pipeline and the measurement of interfacial level gradient in smooth stratified flow conditions." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1992. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20374.

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This study investigates the behaviour of two-phase flow in large diameter horizontal pipelines. The study was divided into two main parts: (i) General two-phase flow in 203 mm diameter pipeline, where the pressure drop and void fraction were measured. The pressure drop was measured using 23 bottom tapping points along a 34 m test section. The results were compared with six well known pressure drop models; these models did not allow for diameter size effect, it was therefore not surprising that good agreement was not achieved. A traversing y-ray apparatusw as designed and constructed for the me

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Walters, Lori C. "Two-phase pressure drop and phase distribution at horizontal tee junctions : the effect of branch diameter." 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/18625.

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Books on the topic "Horizontal diameter"

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Kalis, Aouni A. Liquid phase velocity of turbulent dispersed bubbles flow in large diameter horizontal pipes. Ecole polytechnique de Montreal, Departement de genie mecanique, Section mecanique appliquee, 1988.

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Skiba, Grzegorz. Fizjologiczne, żywieniowe i genetyczne uwarunkowania właściwości kości rosnących świń. The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22358/mono_gs_2020.

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Bones are multifunctional passive organs of movement that supports soft tissue and directly attached muscles. They also protect internal organs and are a reserve of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Each bone is covered with periosteum, and the adjacent bone surfaces are covered by articular cartilage. Histologically, the bone is an organ composed of many different tissues. The main component is bone tissue (cortical and spongy) composed of a set of bone cells and intercellular substance (mineral and organic), it also contains fat, hematopoietic (bone marrow) and cartilaginous tissue. Bones a

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Book chapters on the topic "Horizontal diameter"

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Voytsekhivskyy, Oleksiy V. "The VRF and VRF-G Formulas." In Intraocular Lens Calculations. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50666-6_55.

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AbstractThe VRF formula is a vergence-based thin-lens formula using the optical CACD constant and four variables to calculate the IOL power: axial length, keratometry, anterior chamber depth, and horizontal corneal diameter. The VRF-G (where G stands for gender) is an evolution of the VRF that is based on theoretical optics with regression and ray-tracing components. It uses the optical A-constant for the SRK/T formula and operates eight variables including axial length, keratometry, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, preoperative re

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Liang, Hao, Chang Liu, and Xiuqing Yan. "Reliability Analysis on Horizontal Bearing of Pile Foundation in Sloping Ground Based on Active Learning Kriging Model." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1748-8_38.

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AbstractThe uncertainty of pile and soil and slope effect are two of the major factors affecting the horizontal bearing capacity of piles of transmission tower in sloping ground. In order to analyze the influence of the two factors on the reliability of pile, this paper proposes a reliability analysis method for horizontal bearing of pile foundation in sloping ground based on proxy model. Firstly, the analytical model of horizontal bearing of the pile foundation in sloping ground was derived, and corresponding performance functions were constructed. Secondly, by combining Kriging model method

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Zou, Weiyu, Shuyi Luo, Yingcheng Liu, and Hong Pan. "Study on Soil Disturbance Caused by Shield Tunneling in Sandy Strata." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2532-2_21.

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AbstractShield tunneling and construction in sandy soil have great safety risks, so it is necessary to study the soil disturbance caused by tunneling in sandy soil. However, the law of soil disturbance is still relatively vague, so this paper relies on the actual tunnel project, through high-density, close monitoring; The settlement law of soil around shield tunnel is studied and analyzed. The research shows that the settlement of soil disturbance is basically stable after the shield tail leaves the monitoring section about twice the length of the shield machine; During shield tunneling in san

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Jia, Yahui, Yanliang Shang, Jianhua Du, and Hongqian Dang. "Study on the Control Effect of Pretreatment Measures on the Deformation of Subway Caused by the Excavation of Foundation Pit." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4355-1_67.

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AbstractAt present, there are many control measures for the deformation of subway caused by the excavation of foundation pit. It is worthy of attention that pretreatment measures can effectively reduce the influence of deformation on the subway tunnel under different working conditions. Therefore, the finite element model is established by Midas/GTS to explore the reinforcement effect of two measures of pit bottom reinforcement and isolation pile reinforcement. The results show that: in the excavation of foundation pit, the two schemes have different effects on controlling the deformation of t

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Dai, Guoliang, Chaoqun Zuo, Weiming Gong, and Jinghui Tao. "Static Loading Behavior of a Hybrid Pile-Bucket Foundation for Offshore Wind Turbines." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7251-3_27.

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AbstractTraditional monopile foundations cannot support the greater lateral loads and horizontal displacement needs required by offshore wind turbines due to their increasingly large size. Popularity has increased for a recently created hybrid pile foundation that combines a traditional monopile with a wide-shallow bucket. In this paper, 1-g model tests in soft clay are used to analyze the lateral behavior of hybrid pile foundation under static load. As a standard, the monopile with the same pile diameter and embedded length is employed. According to the experiment’s findings, the pile-bucket

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Shiotsu, M., K. Hata, and A. Sakurai. "Transient Heat Transfer from a Horizontal Wire in Subcooled He II at Atmospheric Pressure for a Wide Range of Wire Diameter." In A Cryogenic Engineering Conference Publication. Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0373-2_31.

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Hu, Wei, Qian Liu, and Bin Xu. "Experimental Study on a Void Imagination Approach for a Full-Scale Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Specimen in Long-Span Suspension Bridge Tower with Electromechanical Impedance." In Novel Technology and Whole-Process Management in Prefabricated Building. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-5108-2_22.

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AbstractDue to complex internal structure details and insufficient quality control methodologies during concrete pouring, defects such as void in large-scale concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) components possibly occur. In this paper, an internal void defects imagination approach using electromechanical impedance (EMI) measurement with surface-fixed Piezoelectric Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) sensors is proposed for a full-scale CFST specimen with a diameter of 3.6m that is employed in a tower with a height of 350 m of a long-span suspension bridge. A variety of voids are mimicked by placing em

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Lemieux, G. P., and A. C. Leonard. "Maximum and Minimum Heat Flux in Helium II for a 76.2-μ Diameter Horizontal Wire at Depths of Immersion up to 70 Centimeters." In Advances in Cryogenic Engineering. Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-0516-4_65.

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Mikic, N., F. Cao, F. L. Hansen, A. M. Jakobsen, A. Thielscher, and A. R. Korshøj. "Standardizing Skullremodeling Surgery and Electrode Array Layout to Improve Tumor Treating Fields Using Computational Head Modeling and Finite Element Methods." In Brain and Human Body Modelling 2021. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15451-5_2.

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AbstractSkullremodeling surgery (SR-surgery) includes removing bone from the skull to enhance TTFields. In our phase 1 trial (NCT02893137) we tested multiple SR-configurations (craniectomy, burrholes, and skull thinning) with TTFields concluding it to be safe. To examine the efficacy, we recently initiated an investigator-initiated, randomized, comparative, multi-center phase 2 trial (NCT04223999).To ensure uniformity, SR-surgery will be standardized to 5 burrholes of 15 mm diameter placed cross-diagonally in a 45×45 mm square above the tumor. The configuration was chosen as a combination of m

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Lauer, Sascha, Sebastian Rieck, Martin-Christoph Wanner, and Wilko Flügge. "Partial Automated Multi-Pass-Welding for Thick Sheet Metal Connections." In Annals of Scientific Society for Assembly, Handling and Industrial Robotics 2021. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74032-0_33.

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AbstractThe production of tubular-node-connections, which are required for the construction of offshore wind energy plants or converter platforms, is subject to high manufacturing standards. The welding process is currently carried out manually and requires a great deal of experience on the part of the welder. In this process, one or more branch member pipes are welded to a base pipe, which vary in their diameters and alignment to each other. This results in a small batch size for which no standard automation solution can be considered. The approach of a pre-defined offline path-planning is no

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Conference papers on the topic "Horizontal diameter"

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Cowley, Terry W., and Duane W. Poland. "Repair of a 50 Foot Diameter FRP Hydrochloric Acid Storage Tank." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10041.

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Abstract A 50 foot (15.2 m) diameter by 36 foot (11 m) straight shell field erected fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) tank containing 37% hydrochloric acid developed a leak at its third module seam, approximately 18 feet (5.5 m) off the ground. The tank is made up of four filament wound horizontal sections or modules that are 50 feet (15.2 m) in diameter by 8 feet (2.4 m) high. The leak occurred in a vertical crack at the joint between the second and third modules. This paper discusses interesting findings, fabrication issues, and describes the repair techniques used to successfully return t

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Ortega, Anthony C. "Optimizing Pipe Design for Greenhouse Root-Zone Cooling with Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger: Impact of Length and Diameter." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Agrosystem Engineering, Technology & Applications (AGRETA). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/agreta61912.2024.10949019.

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Pikas, Joseph L. "In-Line Inspection of Large Diameter Pipelines Using Enhanced Collapsible Pigs." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96039.

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Abstract In-line inspection tools’, “smart pigs”, are devices that detect magnetic irregularities or anomalies in the wall of the pipe that includes corrosion, gouges, and material defects that exhibit metal loss. However, they do not normally detect stress corrosion cracking (SCC), hydrogen embrittlement, hard spots, certain types of horizontal defects, and anomalies on or near the girth weld. Dents if significant, casings, and foreign metallic objects if touching the pipe may also be detected qualitatively. Also, features such as welds, valves, taps, flanges, test station plates, and other a

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Elsborg, C. C., R. A. Graham, and R. J. Cox. "Large Diameter Coiled Tubing Drilling." In International Conference on Horizontal Well Technology. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/37053-ms.

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Applegate, Daniel, Andrew Cronberg, and Thomas A. White. "Challenges of Large Diameter Horizontal Directional Drills." In Pipelines Conference 2011. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41187(420)55.

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Mederic, Be´atrice, Marc Miscevic, Vincent Platel, Pascal Lavieille, and Jean-Louis Joly. "Complete Convective Condensation Inside Small Diameter Horizontal Tubes." In ASME 2003 1st International Conference on Microchannels and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icmm2003-1091.

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An experimental study of complete convective condensation inside narrow channels is presented in this paper. Two-phase flows patterns and their transition (annular, annular-wavy, slug and bubbly flow) are visualized for the two tube diameters under study. A significant difference is observed for the two sizes of tube. Experimental results of the bubble radius decrease are then determined and compared to a model of bubble collapse in a subcooled and infinite liquid.

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Hoover, Dakota, and Todd Halihan. "MONITORING WATER LEVEL IN SMALL DIAMETER SEGMENTED HORIZONTAL WELLS." In Joint 55th Annual North-Central / 55th Annual South-Central Section Meeting - 2021. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021nc-362905.

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UNGAR, EUGENE, and JOHN CORNWELL. "Two-phase pressure drop of ammonia in small diameter horizontal tubes." In 28th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-3891.

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Saitoh, Shizuo, Hirofumi Daiguji, and Eiji Hihara. "Boiling Heat Transfer of R-134a Flowing in Horizontal Small-Diameter Tubes." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32888.

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The boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R-134a flow in horizontal small-diameter tubes with inner diameter of 0.51, 1.12, 2.0 and 3.1 mm was experimentally investigated. Local heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop were measured at a heat flux ranging from 5 to 39 kW/m2, mass flux from 100 to 450 kg/m2s, inlet vapor quality from 0 to 0.2, and evaporating pressure of 0.49 MPa, 3.0 and 3.7 MPa. Results showed that the local heat transfer coefficient tends to decrease at lower vapor quality with the decrease in tube diameter. The effect of heat flux on local heat transfer coefficient become

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Chu, Lilin, Yulong Ji, Chunrong Yu, Yantao Li, Hongbin Ma, and Yang Guo. "Experimental Study on Oscillating Heat Pipe With Hydraulic Diameter Far Exceeding the Maximum Hydraulic Diameter." In ASME 2019 6th International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2019-4092.

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Abstract In order to understand the heat transfer performance, startup and fluid flow condition of oscillating heat pipe (OHP) with hydraulic diameter far exceeding the maximum hydraulic diameter (MHD), an experimental investigation on heat transfer performance and visualization was conducted. From the experimental performance, it is found that the OHP can still work well with ethanol as the working fluid when the tube diameter has exceeded the MHD of 91.6%. In addition, the detailed flow patterns of the OHP were recorded by a highspeed camera for vertical and horizontal orientation to underst

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Reports on the topic "Horizontal diameter"

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Wambsganss, M. W., J. A. Jendrzejczyk, T. N. Tran, and D. M. France. Boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R-113 in a small-diameter, horizontal tube. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7226454.

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Wambsganss, M. W., J. A. Jendrzejczyk, T. N. Tran, and D. M. France. Boiling heat transfer of refrigerant R-113 in a small-diameter, horizontal tube. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10183555.

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Kiefner and Duffy. L51509 Two-Phase Flow in Horizontal and Inclined Pipes at Large Pipe Size and High Gas Density. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010275.

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Knowledge of flow regime, holdup and pressure drop is needed in order to design gas and oil pipelines confidently and to minimize construction and operating costs. Previous public studies of two-phase flow in inclined pipes have used small diameter pipes two inches in diameter or less, and have primarily used air and water as the working fluids at low pressure (near one atmosphere). Present design methods are based upon the results of these experiments. In most advanced analyses available today, the flow regime transition is governed by a Froude number, the balance between inertial and buoyanc

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Hair. L51836 Coating Requirements for Pipelines Installed by Horizontal Directional Drilling and Slip Boring. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010144.

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Research began with a literature search to obtain relevant background material. Existing test methods were examined to determine their applicability to HDD and slip boring loads. Two generally applicable methods were identified, Technical Inspection Services (TISI) Gouge Test and the Taber Abraser Test (ASTM D 4060). To reinforce the results of the laboratory testing, a procedure was developed to verify the performance of the selected coating systems on actual HDD installations. Thios involved documentation of the general parameters of the installation, such as length, diameter, and surface co

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Olsen and Wilson. L52145 Geomechanical Analysis and Design Considerations for Thin-Bedded Salt Caverns. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011349.

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Abstract:

he bedded salt formations located throughout the United States are layered and interspersed with non-salt materials such as anhydrite, shale, dolomite and limestone. The salt layers often contain significant impurities. GRI and DOE have initialized this research proposal in order to increase the gas storage capabilities by providing operators with improved geotechnical design and operating guidelines for thin bedded salt caverns. Terralog has summarized the geologic conditions, pressure conditions and critical design factors that may lead to: Fracture in heterogeneous materials; Differential d

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