Relevant bibliographies by topics / Horse-burial

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Academic literature on the topic 'Horse-burial'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Horse-burial"

1

Cross, Pamela J. "Horse Burial in First Millennium AD Britain: Issues of Interpretation." European Journal of Archaeology 14, no. 1-2 (2011): 190–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/146195711798369409.

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Burial of horses and horse-elements occurred throughout Europe during the first millennium AD. These burials are prevalent in northwest Europe and are perhaps more significant in Britain than previously realised. This article explores the position and value of the horse within Britain during this period and why the burials are likely to represent ritual deposition. Both horse and human-horse burials, are linked to non-Christian burial and sacrificial practices of the Iron Age and Early Medieval period and are particularly associated with Anglo- Saxon and Viking Britain. Some of the traditions appear to reflect the culture described in the Icelandic Sagas, Beowulf, and other legends and chronicles. Archaeologically, the human-horse burials are also linked with high status individuals and ‘warrior graves’, while complete-horse and horse-element burials may represent ritual feasting and/or sacrificial rites which are probably linked with fertility, luck, and the ancestors.
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Novichikhin, Andrey. "The Complex of Bronze Snaffles from the Area of Malye Semibratnye Barrows." Nizhnevolzhskiy Arheologicheskiy Vestnik, no. 1 (July 2019): 74–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nav.jvolsu.2019.1.6.

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Anapa archaeological museum stores a bronze snaffle complex, which was found on arable lands near Chekon khutor in 2013. The complex was found in the area of the barrow group known as Malye Semibratnye barrows. Complex includes two pairs of two-hole snaffles: a pair with a sickle-shaped blade and an L-shaped pair. Sickle-shaped snaffles have analogies in the materials of the IV Semibratnyy barrow. L-shaped snaffles are among the most common ones in Scythian burial monuments. They are famous by finds from the burial mounds of the necropolis of Nymphaeum and Semibratnye barrows. The existing analogies allow us to date the complex to the 5th century BC. The complex of horse equipment items found in the inter-burial space is similar to the topography of Scythian and early Sarmatian necropolises famous for individual burial complexes and complexes of ritual items including horse equipment found outside of the barrows. Perhaps the complex was a set of pair horse harness of a funeral wagon. The discovery expands the idea of the funeral and memorial rites of the Sindian nobility, allowing to connect it with traditions that existed in the Scythian and early Sarmatian societies.
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Tishkin, Alexey A., Natalya A. Plasteeva, and Sergey S. Minyaev. "Horses from Xiongnu Elite Burial Complex Tsaram." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 1, no. 35 (March 25, 2021): 205–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2021.1.35.205.215.

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The paper presents morphological description of horse remains from the elite burial complex Tsaram dated to the Xiongnu period. The complex is located in the Kyakhtinsky district of the Republic of Buryatia (Russia) and consists of one central burial № 7 and accompanying funerary objects. In the grave pit of the largest burial a typical Han chariot was found, which was damaged during later intrusions. The skeletal remains (skull, two cervical vertebrae, metapodials and phalanges) belonged to one stallion were excavated near the chariot. At the northern edge of the grave pit the sacrificial complex with numerous remains of domestic animals was discovered. The animal sacrifice included remains of 25 horse individuals, both males and females. All bone remains originate from incomplete skeletons: only bones of the head, distal parts of the forelimbs and hind limbs are presented. The anatomical composition of the skeletons suggests that in the funeral practice horse skins were used instead of whole carcasses. Among sacrificed horses, adult and senile individuals predominated. The number of young individuals is small, while juveniles are absent. The withers height attributes horses to the small, short and medium Vitt's categories. The chariot horse had a larger body size than other horses. The morphometric analysis demonstrates that Tsaram horses are different in the size and proportions of the limb bones from the Paziryk and Bulan-Kobin horses.
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Gulyás, Bence, and Gábor Lőrinczy. "Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg megye avar sírleletei V. Kora avar kori padmalyos temetkezés Tiszavasvári, Eszenyi-telekről." Kaposvári Rippl-Rónai Múzeum Közleményei, no. 6 (2018): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.26080/krrmkozl.2018.6.89.

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In 1960, an isolated grave – dated to the early Avar period – was found in Tiszavasvári, on the plot of Miklós eszenyi. According to the burial customs (the nee-sWW orientation of the deceased, the niche grave, the horse skin burial), this grave fits well into the type characteristic of the early Avar period the Trans-Tisza region. in this article, we examine two parts of the horse harness in detail, i.e. the bone cylinder for fastening the stirrup leather and the omega shaped iron object which was attached to the saddle for fixing the bridle.
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Myshkin, Vladimir Nikolaevich. "The barrow 21 of the burial ground Filippovka I: items of horse equipment and date of the complex." Samara Journal of Science 7, no. 3 (August 15, 2018): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv201873221.

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This article deals with equestrian ammunition items found near the burial mound of the 21 Filipovka I burial ground in the Orenburg region in order to establish the time of construction of this burial mound. The burial mound Filippovka I was a necropolis of the social elite of nomads who inhabited the steppes of the Southern Urals in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. The richness of the funerary inventory and the complexity of the ritual actions performed during the erection of the burial mounds make it possible to study many aspects of the history and culture of these tribes. This determines the importance of a comprehensive study of the materials of this burial ground. Equipping a horse includes four bronze objects: two bridle plaques, check-piece and headband decoration bridle were found around the barrow 21 Filippovka I burial ground. Some of these items have close analogies among the details of equine ammunition from the Scythian monuments of the Black Sea North Littoral, dated by import items. The analogies that exist among the Scythian antiquities allow us to date the burial mound of the burial ground of Filippovka I during the time of the 4th century BC. The presence of such things as a headband in the form of a griffin head and a bridle plaque in the form of a wolf's head fixes the existence of the cultural interaction of nomads who left the burial ground of Filippovka I with the western Scythian world of the Northern Black Sea Coast
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Bunyatyan, Ekaterina P., and Elena E. Fialko. "A Scythian Burial-Mound with a Sarcophagus Bearing Painted Decoration." Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia 17, no. 2 (2011): 225–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157005711x595130.

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Abstract In 1976 an expedition of the Archaeology Institute of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic investigated Scythian Burial-mound No. 9 in a group of burial-mounds near the village of Mar’evka in the Zaporozhie District of the Zaporozhie Region. The mound had been erected from blocks of turf in the manner traditional for the Scythians. Later on a Polovtsian shrine was evidently erected on top of the mound but in the post-Medieval period this would appear to have been destroyed (the base and the lower part of a statue have survived intact). The mound was erected over a grave in the form of a catacomb with two entrances and a burial of a bridled horse in a separate pit. The grave was looted in antiquity. Among the remains of grave goods typical for Scythian burials of various levels rare items were also discovered, including fragments of a sword with one cutting edge, a gold ring with a coin used for its bezel (a Pantikapaion stater). The most remarkable find of all was a board from the lid of a sarcophagus bearing painted decoration. The decoration, applied in three tiers, consisted of battle scenes depicting three pairs of fighting warriors. The attire, weaponry and poses of the warriors make it possible to assume that the decoration illustrates one of the motifs from the mythology of Ancient Greece – Amazonomachy. The dimensions and arrangement of the burial-chamber and the diverse grave goods indicate that a number of individuals had been buried in it – an individual of high rank accompanied by his servants. Details of the funerary rite (the overall lay-out of the grave and its details, features of the horse burial) and also the range of artefacts enable us to date the burial-mound to the very end of the 4th or beginning of the 3rd century BC.
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Grishakov, Valeriy, and Oleg Sedyshev. "Riding Horse Harness (Based on Materials from the Chulkovo Burial Ground)." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 4, no. 6 (December 20, 2013): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2013.4.6.107.117.

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8

Schrader, Sarah A., Stuart Tyson Smith, Sandra Olsen, and Michele Buzon. "Symbolic equids and Kushite state formation: a horse burial at Tombos." Antiquity 92, no. 362 (April 2018): 383–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2017.239.

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9

Radovsky, S. S., and N. N. Seregin. "Accompanying Burials of Horses in the Funeral Rite of the Population of the Bystryanka Culture of Altai in the Scythian-Saka Time." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 2(118) (June 4, 2021): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2021)2-12.

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The article presents the results of the study of one of the elements of the ritual practice of the population of the Bystryanka archaeological culture — the tradition of arranging accompanying burials of horses to a person's burial. The analysis of materials from excavations of all known necropolises of the northern foothills of Altai of the Scythian-Saka time with the involvement of information about the complexes of «early» nomads in adjacent territories is carried out. Despite the known limitations of the source base, including those associated with the robbery of most of the objects, the available data turned out to be sufficient to indicate the key characteristics of horse burials made by the population of the Bystryanka culture. It was found that one horse or several animals were in 59 objects studied at 18 burial grounds, which is about a third of the recorded complexes. As a rule, the horse was placed on the step to the right of the deceased person, parallel to it and was oriented in the same sector of the horizon as the deceased, most often in the western direction. The fixation of elements of equipment on horses probably reflects the key «transport» function of animals in the ritual practice of the ancient population.
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10

Lee, Jihyun, Bhagirath S. Chauhan, and David E. Johnson. "Germination of Fresh Horse Purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) Seeds in Response to Different Environmental Factors." Weed Science 59, no. 4 (December 2011): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-11-00002.1.

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Horse purslane, a C4 species, is a branched, prostrate, and annual weed of upland field crops throughout the tropics. Experiments were conducted to determine the influence of various environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of two populations of horse purslane. Seeds were collected from rice fields of the International Rice Research Institute (the IR population) and from sorghum fields of the University of the Philippines (the UP population); the two sites were 5 km apart in Los Baños, Philippines. Germination response of both populations was greater at 30/20 C and35/25 C day/night temperatures than they were at 25/15 C alternating day/night temperatures. Germination of both populations was greater in the light/dark regime than in darkness. In dark, depending on the temperature, seed germination of the UP population ranged from 37 to 62%, whereas seed germination of the IR population was < 20%. Exposure to 5 min at 117 and 119 C for the IR and UP populations, respectively, reduced germination to 50% of maximum germination. Osmotic potential of −0.26 MPa inhibited germination to 50% of the maximum for the UP population, whereas the corresponding value for the IR population was −0.37 MPa. Seeds placed on or near the soil surface had maximum emergence, and emergence declined with increase in seed burial depth. Seedling emergence of the UP and IR populations was 74% and 13%, respectively, for seeds placed on the soil surface. For both populations, no seedlings emerged from a soil burial depth of 6 cm or more. Germination and emergence responses to light and seed burial depth differed between the two populations of horse purslane. Residues on the soil surface of up to 6 Mg ha−1 did not influence seedling emergence of either populations. Knowledge gained in this study could contribute to developing components of integrated weed management strategies for horse purslane.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Horse-burial"

1

Cross, Pamela J. "By the Head of a Spirited Horse: A Biocultural Analysis of Horse-Depositions as Reflections of Horseman Identities in Early Britain (Iron Age to Early Medieval Period)." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18396.

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Arts & Humanities Research Council (AHRC). Financial support also came from the project partners, particularly author Bernard Cornwell, the Sutton Hoo Society. Additional financial support for equine osteological research was supplied by SYNTHESYS.
The full text of the thesis will be available at the end of the embargo: 30th June 2021.
The appendices which accompany the thesis are not available online.
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2

Hobby, John R. "The use of the horse in warfare and burial ritual in prehistoric Europe : including historical, archaeological and iconographical evidence for Celtic cavalry in central and western Europe (c. 700-50 BC)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398896.

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Books on the topic "Horse-burial"

1

Dzattiaty, Ruslan. Snari︠a︡zhenie koni︠a︡ i vsadnika: (po materialam Dargavsskogo katakombnogo mogilʹnika). Vladikavkaz: IPO SOIGSI, 2010.

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Hobby, John R. The use of the horse in warfare and burial ritual in prehistoric Europe: Including historical, archaeological and iconographical evidence for Celtic cavalry in central and western Europe (c.700 - 50BC). Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 2001.

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3

Cowie, Robert. Elverton Street: The horse burial ground of Tothill Fields. 1999.

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4

Knuckle, Robert. Black Jack: Americas famous riderless horse. General Store Publishing House, 2002.

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5

The Killing of Crazy Horse. Knopf, 2010.

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6

Walstrom, Cleve. Search for the Lost Trail of Crazy Horse. Dageforde Publishing, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Horse-burial"

1

Nagy, Margit. "A Hun-Age Burial with Male Skeleton and Horse Bones Found in Budapest." In Studies in the Early Middle Ages, 137–75. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.sem-eb.3.5087.

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Fern, Chris. "Early Anglo-Saxon Horse Burial of the Fifth to Seventh Centuries AD." In Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History 14, 92–109. Oxbow Books, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dq9h.14.

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3

Mitchell, Peter. "Introducing Horse Nations." In Horse Nations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198703839.003.0006.

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Hidden by rocks near a waterhole in Australia’s desert interior an Aboriginal woman and her children catch their first sight of the shockingly large animal of which they have previously only heard: the newcomer’s kangaroo. Thousands of kilometres to the west and high in southern Africa’s mountains a shaman completes the painting of an animal that does not exist, horned at the front, bushy tail at the rear, a composite of two species, one long familiar, the other new. Across the Atlantic Ocean on the grasslands of Patagonia the burial of an Aónik’enk leader is in its final stages, four of his favourite possessions killed above the grave to ensure his swift passage to the afterlife. To the north in what Americans of European descent call New Mexico, Diné warriors chant the sacred songs that ensure their pursuers will not catch them and that they will return safely home. And on the wintry plains of what is not yet Alberta, Siksikáwa hunters charge into one of the last bison herds they will harvest before the snows bring this year’s hunting to an end. Two things unite these very different scenes. First, though we cannot be sure, the historical, ethnographic, and archaeological sources on which they are based allow for them all happening on precisely the same day, sometime in the 1860s. Second, all concern people’s relationship with one and the same animal—pindi nanto, karkan, kawoi, ∤íí’, ponokáómita·wa—the animal that English speakers know as ‘horse’. And that simple fact provides the basis for this book. For, before 1492, horses were confined to the Old World—Europe, Asia, and Africa north of the tropical rainforests and a line reaching east through South Sudan, Ethiopia, and Somalia to the sea. They were wholly unknown in Australasia, the Americas, or southern Africa. As a result, the relationships implied by the vignettes I have just sketched, as well as those involving Indigenous populations in Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, Mexico, South Africa, and New Zealand, evolved quickly. And they were still evolving when these societies were finally overwhelmed by European colonization.
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Journal articles
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