Academic literature on the topic 'Horses – Breeding'
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Journal articles on the topic "Horses – Breeding"
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Baban, M., M. Sakac, N. Korabi, B. Antunovic, P. Mijic, A. Ivankovic, and J. Ramljak. "Analysis of horse breeding and equestrian sports in the Republic of Croatia." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 3 (2011): 415–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1103415b.
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Horse breeding in the Republic of Croatia, before its entrance into European Union, is in the transitional period. In the breeding sense, Croatian horse breeding is set according to the model of European countries and is trying to counteract with ?modern horse breeding countries?. Croatian Center for Horse Breeding - Djakovo and Lipik State Stud Farms (CCHB), with the Central register of equidae is, as the head national institution, responsible for running and maintaining national central equidae database (49 registers of horses and 27 registers of breeding types). Croatia has registered total of 21.796 equidae, from which 19.306 animals are horses. Registered horses according to groups make the total proportion of 37% warmblood horses, 59% coldblood horses and 4% ponies. Horse breeders are organized in breeders associations, which form federations of associations referring to separate horse breeds. Currently in Croatia there are four federations of breeders associations (with 43 associations and 11 private stud farms). Those verified breeding organizations are conducting independently breeding programs and fully maintain breeding and selection obligations for horse breeds for which they have approval of the Croatian Ministry. Native breeds in Croatia are Croatian Coldblood, Croatian Posavac and Medjimurje horse (Murinsulaner), while Lipizzan horse is considered as protected breed. Development of horse breeding is considerably supported with national subsidies. Internationally verified breeds which are bred in Croatia are Lipizzan horse, Pure Arabian horses, Thoroughbred, Haflinger and Gidran horses. The horse breeding in Croatia is developing in four different directions. Ecological breeding implies native horse breeds and is spread on the areas of protected nature resorts in Croatia. Croatians are through their history connected to horse breeding, which is even today irreplaceable in traditional cultural manifestations (Djakovacki vezovi, Vinkovacke jeseni, Sinjska alka, etc.), various horse shows and fairs and also in more ?modern? ways through recreation and entertainment. The third direction of development of horse breeding in Croatia is therapeutic riding, which includes 26 associations, over one hundred horses and over one thousand users organized under the Therapeutic Riding Association of Croatia. Sports horse breeding represents fourth direction in Croatian horse breeding. It is formed by four federations: Croatian Trotting Federation (trotting), Croatian Gallop Federation (gallop sport) and Croatian Equestrian Federation (endurance, dressage, military, show jumping, driving). Croatian Equestrian Federation includes 49 equestrian clubs. In the last four years between 455 and 582 competitors and between 495 and 581 horses (for show jumping 45%, dressage 31%, endurance 19%, driving 5% and military) were licensed annually. Croatia achieved noticeable results on the international scene in driving sports and in Paralympics. In all mentioned directions of Croatian horse breeding, the tendency should be directed to achieving higher breeding standards (nutrition, stabling, transport, training) and more rational using of horses. Such breeding and using of horses will lead to top bred horses and successful sport horses. This implies synchronized work through long period of time, respecting institutional and breeding rules.
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Gregić, Maja, Dragan Dokić, Tina Bobić, and Vesna Gantner. "Genomic Selection in Horse Breeding." АГРОЗНАЊЕ 20, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/agren1902107g.
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The aim of this paper was to present the general aspects of genomic selection in horse breeding and also to provide an overview of existing applications in horses breeding, with particular emphasis on the challenges of implementation and long-term use. Based on conducted review, it could be concluded that breeding organizations must convince horse breeders that genomic selection can be a valuable tool to increase selection success either in sports or in other horse breeding. Genomic selection (GS) allows breeders to evaluate the important traits of offspring even before its birth. GS uses genetic markers to test all relevant traits, including those that are currently very difficult to measure, such as disease resistance, meat quality, horse’s crest height, etc. Finally, to establish the relevant genomic selection in individual breeds or breeding types of horses, it is necessary to create a network of collaboration between breeding associations in order to gather all necessary data.
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Kabulov, E., and S. Rajapova. "Horse-breeding of the Oasis of Surkhan." Bulletin of Science and Practice 5, no. 11 (November 15, 2019): 404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/48/50.
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Since ancient times in Uzbekistan, special attention has been paid to horse breeding. We can see this in dastans and traditions, where poets and bakhshis sang about mythical horses. And most importantly, the horse was very much appreciated as a companion of a horse. As in other regions of the republic, special attention was paid to the development of horse breeding in the Surkhan oasis. Several breeds of horses were bred in the oasis, they were called ‘adobe’, ‘jiyran’, ‘turik’, ‘buz’ and others by color. Uzbeks mainly bred ‘Karabair’, ‘Lakay’, ‘Turkman’, and sometimes Arab ones. For breeding local breeds of horses ‘Karabair’ were used breeds of Turkmen, Arab and Mongolian horses. By breeding horses such breeds of ‘Karabair’ horses as ‘Uzbek’, ‘Miyenkul’, ‘Urgut’ and others were bred. Also, horses were named for their age. A newborn horse was called a ‘kulun’, up to one year a foal, from a year and a half to two years a strigunok, a two-three year old foal, a third year a gunan, a three-four year old dunan, a male after four years a stallion, a female mare. In the Surkhan oasis, Turkmen horses were widely used as a vehicle, they participated in horse racing, racing and kupkari (equestrian competition in which the participants of the competition rip out goat carcass from each other). Responsible for the conservation and reproduction of horse breeds were men. They promptly gave horses food, took them for a walk. The horses that took part in the races, kupkari were raised according to special methods and customs. Such horses were fed from spring to late autumn, with the arrival of autumn they were walked and prepared for competitions. Horses were considered not only a vehicle; they were the most expensive and valuable commodity. At that time, the best horses were estimated from 400 to 600 rubles, and Turkmen horses to 1000 rubles. In a word, horses were not only expensive goods; they were considered the best friend and helper of a horseman.
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Cabral, Grasiele Coelho, Ana Carla Chaves Dias, Afonso Aurélio de Carvalho Peres, Maria Izabel Vieira de Almeida, Wagner de Souza Tassinari, and Fernando Queiroz de Almeida. "Horse Agribusiness in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Mangalarga Marchador horse’s breeding systems." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): e4309119931. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i11.9931.
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This work aims to describe the Mangalarga Marchador horse’s breeding systems in the Rio de Janeiro. The geographic distribution of the farms in the mesoregions of Rio de Janeiro State were defined, and the commercial and social importance the Mangalarga Marchador horse’s business is described in this study. Mangalarga Marchador horse breeders were interviewed through a survey. Sampling of the farms was stratified by the mesoregions. The state of Rio de Janeiro has 1,573 members Horse Breeder Association, with 92,162 registered horses, corresponding to 15.43% of the total of Mangalarga Marchador horses in Brazil. Approximately 95.2% of farms have their own area and more than half ranging between 100 to 500ha. Horse breeding is the main activity on 79.2% of the farms, and the main goal is the sale of horses (39%), followed by sports (32.7%) and leisure (18.6%). The properties have, on average, five registered employees. Most of the owners (90%) are male. The average number of horses at these farms is 100 heads, with an average number of 53 mares, maintained mainly on an extensive production system. About 39.9% of pastures are formed by the Brachiaria spp. grass, and Napier grass, also known as Elephant grass, the most used forage supplement. The average monthly consumption of forage and commercial concentrate feed is 12,866kg and 2,800kg respectively per farm. About 90% of breeders declared that the unskilled labor force is the biggest obstacle to the increase of the horse breeding in the Rio de Janeiro.
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Suprun, I. "The Prospects of genetic resources of horse using in Ukraine." Tehnologìâ virobnictva ì pererobki produktìv tvarinnictva, no. 2(158) (November 24, 2020): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9289-2020-158-2-66-75.
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The high-priority task in international and national agricultural programsis to preserve the genetic resources of livestock and develop some ways to use them effectively, because there is a tendency in the world where we can see the reduction of the breed composition of domesticated animal species. Today, horse farms are unprofitable, do not have the funds for expanded reproduction, and accordingly the population of valuable breeds of horses is reduced, the general gene pool is impoverished. The aim of the study was to analyze and highlight the current state of horse breeding in Ukraine, the characteristics of domestic breeds of breeding horses, which are the basis for breeding work, and forecasting their importance in the breed process. To analyze the state of development of horse breeding in Ukraine, the State Register of subjects of breeding in animal husbandry for 2005-2018 and the data of long-term research in the field of horse breeding in Ukraine were used. There were used the methods of system generalization, graphic, analytical and comparative-statistical. The analysis of the state development of horse breeding in Ukraine has been carried out. It was also proved that in the conditions of a long crisis for the last 14 years pedigree horse breeding in Ukraine has undergone a significant decrease in the number of livestock, narrowing of the breed structure and change of ownership. At the beginning of 2019 in Ukraine, according to the State Register of Breeding Entities in Animal Husbandry, there are 38 breeding entities: 18 stud farms, 20 breeding breeders. The largest number of breeding horses is concentrated in the eastern regions of Ukraine: Luhansk, Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk, Kirovohrad, Zaporizhia. It is established that the leaders in the number of factory breeds of horses are the Ukrainian horse, Orel trotter and purebred horse. During the period from 2005 to 2019, the horse breeding industry in Ukraine suffered significant losses, and the number of breeding horses decreased more than twice. However, over the last year in Poltava, Kyiv, Khmelnytsky regions there have been tendencies to increase the number of breeding horses. Some breeds of horses can be used both in the breeding process and for custom of crossbreeding for sports. Key words: breed, horse farm, breeding breeder, livestock, stallion, mare, foal yield.
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Baban, M., M. Cacic, N. Korabi, T. Rastija, and P. Mijic. "Horse breeding in the Republic of Croatia and possibilities of its development." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 23, no. 5-6-1 (2007): 123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah0701123b.
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The trend of capital investments is increasing in horse breeding, as one of the major livestock branches in the Republic of Croatia. A long tradition of horse breeding and natural resources eligible for horse breeding contributed to the creation of great potential for Croatia. Besides, state financial subventions are also helping horse breeding development. All forms of horse breeding are showing an increasing trend of development, which influences an increase in numerical trend of horses as well as their quality. Interest in horse breeding, sports or just in keeping horses as hobby animals is increasing each year. Main investors and movers are owners, breeders, sportsmen and horse lovers themselves. Help through state financial subvention is significant, but still very far from necessary funds. The regulative for financial subvention and other official acts are regulated for horse breeding through subvention groups. This is an efficient measurement to help breeders, but in the future changes will be necessary, mainly through different developing projects. Besides the only state stud farm of Lipizzan horses in Djakovo, many other breeding organizations exist in Croatia. The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management authorized those organizations to maintain their own breeding program. Congruently many Stud Books were published and many are still in the process of publishing. One of the most significant projects realized last year was the international approval of Croatian breeding of Thoroughbred horses. The short period till entering European Union demands horse breeding reformation, therefore Croatian horse breeding passed a major reorganization process and gave a greater accent to independent breeding organizations. The regulation for publishing the identification document or "passport" (NN 74/20007) is also published. The main scientific-research-educational institution is still missing in order to create the horse breeding strategy. With its work this institution would benefit to more quality horse breeding in all of its segments.
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Politova, M. A. "State and prospects of external economic activity in Russian horse breeding in 2015–2023." Agrarian science, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2024-378-1-123-127.
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The article examines the dynamics of export and import indicators of horse breeding products (in the category of goods “Live horses”) from 2015 to 2022, both in absolute and monetary terms, including taking into account the categories of breeding and use animals. For the first time, the foreign trade balance of the horse breeding industry in 2019–2022 has been analyzed, and the prospects for domestic and foreign markets for the products of Russian horse breeding farms have been assessed. It has been established that the export flows of the eastern regions of the country, and primarily the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Republic of Tyva, the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic, are focused primarily on the Republic of Kazakhstan, which makes commercial farms for the production of horses for meat production in the Siberian Federal District dependent on the political situation in Central Asia and the general state of veterinary well-being of the region. The ban on the export of horses classified as luxury goods from the European Union, introduced as part of a package of anti-Russian sanctions, affected the import of breeding and use animals, significantly limiting the opportunities for domestic consumers focused on trained horses. The state program for the development of horse breeding in the Republic of Uzbekistan may influence the increase in demand for products from enterprises involved in breeding riding horses.
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Starodub, L. F., Y. P. Stefurak, I. V. Stefurak, I. M. Zelenchuk, Y. I. Zelenchuk, and R. V. Wojcicki. "Hutsul horse breed is an aboriginal breed of the Ukrainian Carpathians." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 22, no. 92 (May 8, 2020): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9220.
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Hutsul horses are the oldest Ukrainian breed and belong to the local and endangered breeds of farm animals in Ukraine. The formation and preservation of the Hutsul horse breed took place in Ukrainian lands. Proof of this are built: the state factory stable in the village. Drohobych in the Lviv region in 1822, a horse-breeding station for Hutsul horses in the Luchina meadow in Southern Bukovina (1877), in the Galician Hutsul region two stables of Hutsul cucumbers: in Kosovo (1891) and in the village of Zhabye (1895). State Herd of Cucumbers in Sudova Vyshna (1907) in Lviv Region. Of the 6 genealogical lines of prominent Hutsul stallions, 3 ogres were born in the Ukrainian lands – Goral, Gurul and Polyan. Measures for the conservation and development of Hutsul horses are held in the Hutsul and Verkhovyna National Nature Parks in international cooperation within the framework of the Poland-Belarus-Ukraine cross-border cooperation program. Hutsulshchyna National Nature Park in 2015 took part in the project “Creation of the Polish-Ukrainian Center for Breeding and Promotion of Hutsul Breed Horses”, and Verkhovynsky National Nature Park in 2020 takes part in the international Ukrainian-Polish project “Knowledge of Nature and Wealth Carpathians with a Hutsul horse”. According to the State Breeding Register 2011–2017, in Ukraine there is an annual reduction in the number of breeding farms, the total and breeding stock of Hutsul horses. Today, only 2 farms (NGO “Plemkonecentr” and FG “Polonynske farm”) for breeding Hutsul horses have the status of breeders. According to calculations, in accordance with the FAO recommendations, these animals are at critical risk status, and according to the assessment system of the European Livestock Association, Hutsul horse breed is at high risk of losing the gene pool of the breed. To preserve the Hutsul horse breed, the joint cooperation of owners (breeding and private farms) of purebred and the most typical herd of Hutsul horses, scientists and specialists is necessary.
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Crossman, G. K. "Factors influencing the demand for British bred horses." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2007 (April 2007): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200019396.
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The Sport Horse breeding industry in Great Britain has been in decline for many years. Once, the British were in the vanguard of the worldwide Sport Horse breeding industry, alongside a buoyant Thoroughbred breeding industry. However, in recent years Sport Horse breeding has floundered, with many competitive dressage and show jumping horses being purchased from overseas. (BHIC / Defra 2005) Research has been carried out to identify trends in Thoroughbred auction sales (Buzby and Jessup 1994, Robbins and Kennedy 2001), and Sport Horse auction sales (Hennessey and Quinn 2006). The British Equestrian Federation (BEF), through British Breeding, commissioned this research firstly to ascertain the demand for British bred horses and identify any trends contained within this demand, and secondly to obtain a snapshot of the current horse buying market place.
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Surov, A. I., L. V. Kononova, O. V. Sycheva, A. Ya Kazarova, and L. M. Smirnova. "The state of horse breeding in the Stavropol Territory." Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding), no. 3 (February 19, 2024): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-03-2403-03.
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The information on the current state of the horse population in the Russian Federation, its distribution by farm category over the past three years has been provided in the article. Between 2020 and 2022, the number of horses in agricultural organizations in Russia decreased by 21 thousand. On the contrary, in privet households there was an increase in the number of horses by 16 thousand heads, and in peasant (farm) farms by 13 thousand heads. The material on pedigree horse breeding in the Stavropol Territory has been also provided in the work. The founders of horse breeding in the region are the Stavropol and Terek stud farms, which were organized in 1921. On their basis a new promising breed of horses was established as Terek breed, which today is on the verge of extinction. It is bred only by private owners and then in small quantities. Targeted work is needed to preserve the gene pool and restore the population of this horse breed. Information is presented on existing stud farms and multiplication farms, which are located in the Stavropol region. Under the conditions of four stud farms, two multiplication farms located in 5 districts of the region. There the following breeds of horses are bred such as Akhal-Teke, Thoroughbred riding, Arabian and Karachay. The total number of breeding horses in the Stavropol Territory at the beginning of 2023 was 862 heads, including 302 mares and 36 stud stallions. Training and systematic testing of horses take place at the Pyatigorsk Racetrack. Horse racing takes place every Sunday from May to October. In general, the dynamics of the horse population in Russia indicates that horse breeding continues to be an important sector of the economy and can be an attractive area for investors and businessmen.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Horses – Breeding"
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Todd, Evelyn Therese. "The genetics of selective breeding in Thoroughbred horses." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24367.
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This thesis examines the effects of selective breeding practices on the Thoroughbred horse population. The Thoroughbred horse breed was founded in the 18th century and the studbook has been closed since 1791, resulting in contemporary Thoroughbred horses being the result of many generations of inbreeding for the intensive selection of athletic performance. Selective breeding can result in genetic improvement through increasing the frequency of variants pertaining to desirable traits and may also potentially remove harmful alleles from a population. However, an increasing body of evidence has shown that many domestic animal populations harbour high levels of deleterious variants as a result of population bottlenecks and low effective population sizes from selective breeding practices. Until now, no studies have reported the effects of these breeding practices on the Thoroughbred horse population.
The findings of this thesis provide important insights into the effects of selective breeding on genetic load and genetic gain in the Thoroughbred horse population. These insights can be used to assist breeding decisions in Thoroughbreds to increase genetic improvement in the population. The findings of this thesis not only have important economic implications for one of the largest domestic animal populations in the world, but also have the potential to improve welfare standards in an industry under increasing scrutiny. More broadly, this thesis provides insights into the effects of selection, inbreeding and population bottlenecks on the health and fitness of domestic breeds. The methods used in this thesis can be applied to other animal populations to improve breeding and population management decisions.
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Boers, Nicola Grillion. "Genetic parameters and breeding values for the South African warmblood horse population." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29339.
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1. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic parameters and breeding values for the South African Warmblood horse population. Information collected by the Society from 1989 to 1998 was provided for 2143 horses. This information included bloodline, breeder, owner, gender, birth date, pedigree, and scores from the inspection test. 2. Non-genetic factors that had a significant effect were determined for all inspection test traits. Year of inspection was significant for most traits; gender, breeder, owner, category of age at inspection, year of birth, month of birth, month of inspection and the combined effects of bloodline and register were all significant for various traits. 3. The parameters calculated were the environmental and genetic variance, the environmental and genetic correlations and the heritability. The environmental variance ranged from 0.212 to 1.038, and the genetic variance ranged from 0.014 to 0.137. Environmental correlations ranged from 0.012 to 0.924, and genetic correlations ranged from -0.331 to 0.997. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.009 to 0.374. 4. Best linear unbiased estimates were calculated for the independent variables in the traits for which they were significant. Best linear unbiased predictions were calculated for all animals in the population. Genetic trends were graphically presented for the total scores of the inspection test. Positive genetic trend was indicated.Dissertation (MSc (Agric) Animal Science)--University of Pretoria, 2001.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
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Pretorius, Susan Mathilda. "Evaluation of the selection and breeding of Friesian horses in Southern Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26913.
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In this study, the selection and breeding of Friesian horses in Southern Africa were evaluated. Literature was reviewed for sUbjective and objective selection criteria in horse breeding with special reference to the Friesian. 852 Pedigree records from Friesian horses registered at the FPSSA and SAFBA, were included for pedigree analyses and 232 horses were measured for eight different linear body measurements. Only 25,7% of the population was found to be inbred. A regression of average inbreeding on year of the whole population, indicated a relatively slow increase in the rate of inbreeding. It is, however, suspected that this could be a conservative estimation, because of the limited pedigree information. The results indicated that the Friesian horse is normally of rectangular (height at withers: body length) shape. A large average difference between wither height and back height was observed. The cannon length measurements were proportional to overall size, no obvious deviations were observed. Pearson correlation estimates between the eight body measurements were mostly in accordance with other studies on horses reported in the literature. A sire model was fitted for the estimation of heritability for wither-, back- and croup height, body length, cannon circumference and cannon length. Estimates ranged from 0.30 for wither height to 0.57 for cannon circumference. The results indicate that South African breeders can apply body measurements in their selection programs for Friesians. From the results, guidelines were provided for establishing a database for Friesian horses in Southern Africa to ensure a scientific approach to selection and breeding.Dissertation (MSc (Agric))--University of Pretoria, 2003.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
unrestricted
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Pretorius, Susan Mathilda. "Evaluation of the selection and breeding of Friesian horses in Southern Africa." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac/thesis/available/etd-08012005-171825.
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Albertsdóttir, Elsa. "Genetic analysis of competition traits in Icelandic horses /." Uppsala : Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/10360486.pdf.
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Olsson, Elisabeth. "Multi-trait evaluation of Swedish warmblood stallions at station performance tests including field and competition records /." Uppsala : Dept. of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/10275067.pdf.
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Sitzenstock, Florian Verfasser], Henner [Akademischer Betreuer] [Simianer, and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Gauly. "Genetic progress and inbreeding rate in complex breeding programmes – Applications to sport horses and laying hens / Florian Sitzenstock. Gutachter: Henner Simianer ; Matthias Gauly. Betreuer: Henner Simianer." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104417367X/34.
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Mateus, Margarida Pais Lourenço. "Parâmetros genéticos e ambientais de características lineares morfo-funcionais no cavalo Lusitano." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31066.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivo estimar parâmetros genéticos e ambientais de 63 características morfo-funcionais lineares (45 morfológicas e 18 de andamentos) avaliadas na raça Lusitana, pela primeira vez, através de uma Tabela Padrão (TP). Utilizaram-se registos de 3200 animais avaliados através da TP e respetivas genealogias, disponíveis no Studbook da raça Lusitana, perfazendo uma matriz de parentescos com 12109 indivíduos. Os parâmetros genéticos foram obtidos por máxima verosimilhança restrita, através do BLUP – Modelo Animal, com um modelo que incluiu os efeitos fixos da idade, consanguinidade, ano de classificação e género e, como efeitos aleatórios, o valor genético direto e o erro residual. As 63 estimativas da heritabilidade variaram entre 0,000 e 0,453 (média). As correlações entre valores genéticos variaram entre -0,766 e 0,857. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a avaliação linear pode ser utilizada num programa de seleção, levando a uma melhoria das características morfo-funcionais de acordo com os objetivos definidos para o Lusitano; Genetic and environmental parameters of linear morpho-functional traits in the Lusitano horse ABSTRACT:
This study aimed to estimate the genetic and environmental parameters of 63 morpho-functional linear traits (45 morphological and 18 gaits) evaluated in the Lusitano breed, for the first time, through Tabela Padrão (TP). Records of 3200 animals scored through the TP and respective genealogies, available in the Studbook of the Lusitano breed, were used, making up a relationship matrix with 12109 individuals. The genetic parameters were obtained by restricted maximum likelihood and BLUP - Animal Model, with a model that included the fixed effects of age, inbreeding, year of classification and gender and, as random effects, the direct genetic value, and the residual error. The heritability estimates ranged between 0.000 and 0.453. The estimates of correlations between breeding values were in the range of -0.766 and 0.857. The results obtained suggest that linear profiling can be used in a selection programme, leading to an improvement in morpho-functional traits in accordance with the objectives defined for the Lusitano breed.
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Haberland, Anne Marie Verfasser], Henner [Akademischer Betreuer] [Simianer, Sven [Akademischer Betreuer] König, and Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] Thaller. "Application of selection index theory comprising genomic information to breeding programs of sport horses and pigs / Anne Marie Haberland. Gutachter: Henner Simianer ; Sven König ; Georg Thaller. Betreuer: Henner Simianer." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104577605X/34.
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Bolzan, Anderson Michel Soares. "Aprendizado do forrageamento e desenvolvimento da dieta de potros." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/157568.
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O conhecimento dos mecanismos de pastejo dos equinos em pastos nativos é fator relevante para a melhor compreensão das relações dos animais com a complexidade da vegetação, possibilitando a otimização das funções ecossistêmicas e viabilização da criação. Com este propósito, foi avaliado por meio de monitoramento contínuo, o comportamento ingestivo de seis potros ao pé de éguas Crioulas, do nascimento aos 130 dias de idade, com intervalos 15 dias. Os animais foram divididos em duas manadas, manejadas em pastoreio contínuo, com oferta de forragem não-limitante, em pastagem natural do Bioma Pampa, região de Campos de solos rasos, Santana do Livramento, RS. Foram verificadas as relações e fatores de influência no aprendizado de pastejo do potro. O monitoramento contínuo por observação direta permitiu avaliar instantaneamente os bocados realizados pelos potros, durante quatro horas a partir do amanhecer, e quatro horas antes do anoitecer. Foram realizadas simulações de bocados para estimativa de MS de cada categoria de bocado e taxas de ingestão de MS instantânea dos animais. A composição e diversidade da dieta do potro em relação à mãe e aos pares demonstrou padrões de distanciamento que evidenciam funções definidas com a idade na evolução da herbivoria do potro. Verificaram-se duas fases bem definidas na evolução do pastejo do potro. A primeira fase exploratória, entre 0 e 60 dias, caracterizada pela grande diversidade de bocados e baixa ingestão de MS vegetal. Neste período, a base do aporte nutricional é via amamentação, e evidencia o maior distanciamento entre componentes da dieta de mãe e respectivo potro. O índice de diversidade da dieta do potro é maior que o índice de diversidade da vegetação, o que ratifica o caráter exploratório. A segunda fase, de especialização, inicia a partir dos 60 dias, onde ocorre uma especialização para a função ingestão de MS, preconizada pelo aumento na MS e diminuição na diversidade dos bocados. O grande aumento na ingestão de MS pelo potro entre 60 e 80 dias de vida denota um alinhamento das funções de égua e potro, com os padrões de composição da dieta semelhantes, se estabilizando ao redor de 100 dias. Entretanto, há diferenças entre as dietas dos grupos familiares (égua-potro), confererindo um fator cultural materno filial. A identificação dos períodos e fatores de aprendizagem do potro pode respaldar estratégias de manejo para melhor condução dos métodos de pastoreio dos equinos em ambientes pastoris, especialmente em pastagens naturais com grande biodiversidade, visando contemplar e ampliar funções ecossistêmicas.Understanding the foraging mechanisms of horses in native pastures is a relevant factor for better comprehending the relationship of those animals in response to the vegetation complexity. It allows for optimizing ecosystem functions and livestock production. The ingestive behavior of six pairs of Criolo mares and foals was evaluated using continuous bite monitoring, from birth to 130 days, in 15 days intervals. The animals were divided in two groups, managed under continuous stocking, with non-limiting herbage allowance, in the shallow soil Pampa Grasslands, in southern Brazil. The relationships between and within pairs, and other influencing factors for the foraging learning process were assessed. The continuous monitoring allowed for evaluating bites for four hours after dawn and four hours before dusk. Bite simulations were done for estimating bite mass for each category, and calculating instantaneous dry matter intake rate. The diverging patterns of the foals’ diet composition and diversity in relation to their dams and to other peers indicated defined functions that varied with age in the evolution of herbivory. Two distinct phases were identified. First, an exploratory phase from 0 to 60 days, characterized by a great diversity of bites with low herbage intake and very distinct from the dam. During this period, milk is the main dietary component, and the diet (herbal) diversity index was larger than the diversity index for the vegetation. A second phase started at 60 days of age, where dry matter intake increased, by a specialization towards less diverse bites, but with higher mass. The large increase in dry matter intake between 60 and 80 days denoted an alignment of the intake functions of the mare and the foal, with similar diet composition, stabilizing at around 100 days. On the other hand, there was a difference on diet composition between family groups, indicating a cultural maternal filial influence. The identification of periods and factors affecting the foraging learning process of the foals can allow for improving pasture management strategies, especially on high-diversity, natural grasslands, contemplating and amplifying ecosystem functions.
Books on the topic "Horses – Breeding"
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Davies Morel, Mina C. G., ed. Breeding Horses. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470751176.
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Leighton Hardman, A. C. 1936-, ed. Henry Wynmalen's horse breeding & stud management. London: J.A. Allen, 1989.
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Hendricks, Bonnie L. International encyclopedia of horse breeds. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1995.
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Squires, Edward L. Equine breeding management. Somerville, N. J: American Hoechst Corporation, 1985.
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Dan, White. Kentucky bred: A celebration of thoroughbred breeding. Dallas, Tex: Taylor Pub. Co., 1986.
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S, Cable Christina, and Squires Edward L, eds. Breeder's guide to mare, foal & stallion care. Lexington, Ky: Eclipse Press, 2006.
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Gabyshev, M. F. I︠A︡kutskoe konevodstvo: Ėkonomicheskie i organizat︠s︡ionnye osnovy konevodstva : izbrannye trudy. 2nd ed. Novosibirsk: I︠A︡kutskiĭ NIISKh SO RASKhN, 2002.
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Bini, Carlo. 1898-1998: Cento anni con i cavalli di Dormello. VB [Verbania, Italy]: Press grafica, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Horses – Breeding"
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Árnason, Thorvaldur. "Breeding breeding/breed, see also animal breeding in Horses breeding/breed, see also animal breeding in horses." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 1795–810. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_340.
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Árnason, Thorvaldur. "Breeding breeding/breed, see also animal breeding in Horses breeding/breed, see also animal breeding in horses." In Sustainable Food Production, 401–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_340.
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Stefánsdóttir, Guðrún Jóhanna, and Víkingur Gunnarss Gunnarsson. "The star of the show: the Icelandic horse." In Humans, horses and events management, 26–47. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242751.0026.
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Abstract The Icelandic horse is one of the purest horse breeds in the world, reaching an average 140 cm (13.3 hh) height at the withers and weighing 340 kg. The conformation is rectangular and compact, with a sloping croup, and a long, thick mane and tail. The breed is most known and appreciated for the lateral gaits tölt and pace, which it has in addition to the basic gaits (walk, trot and canter/gallop). The breed is found in more than 30 countries, with more Icelandic horses abroad (ca. 175,000) than in Iceland (ca. 65,000). There is one international studbook, WorldFengur, with breeding associations in 21 countries and a common breed evaluation system. Following mechanization in Iceland around 1950, the role of the Icelandic horse changed from being 'the most useful servant' to that of a leisure and sport horse. Also in 1950, Landsmót - the largest outdoor sporting event for the Icelandic horse in Iceland - was held for the first time. It was then repeated every four years until 1998 and biennially after that. Landsmót has been held 23 times in total, at seven different locations in the south and north of Iceland, lasting for 3-8 days in the high summer period. The event has expanded over time with an increasing number of horses, riders and competition disciplines. This chapter introduces the disciplines, qualification of horses and riders and facilities required for Landsmót.
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Broom, Donald M. "Welfare of horses, other equids and other draught animals." In Broom and Fraser’s domestic animal behaviour and welfare, 377–81. 6th ed. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249835.0037.
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Steinþórsson, Runólfur Smári, and Hjörný Snorradóttir. "Strategic management of horse-related events: the case of the National Championships of the Icelandic horse (Landsmót) 1998-2008." In Humans, horses and events management, 48–66. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242751.0048.
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Abstract Horse-related events have been popular in Iceland for many decades, as well as in other countries. Such events attract many people that are both enthusiastic about and involved in horse-related activities. The biggest horse event in Iceland since 1950 has been the National Championships of the Icelandic Horse - Landsmót - which enables the owners of the best horses in Iceland to come together and compete in various categories. Landsmót is organized by the Icelandic Equestrian Association (Landssamband hestamannafélaga [National Association of Equestrian Associations], referred to as LH) and the Farmers Association of Iceland in cooperation with local horse clubs that act as hosts for Landsmót. In this chapter, the Landsmót events held in the years 1998-2008 are studied from a strategic management point of view. The chapter looks into the lessons learnt from the events, based on a four-dimensional approach to strategic management. The main goal of the research, which was completed in 2010, was to bring forward important knowledge and information on the Landsmót events that could be used in the strategy and the development work for upcoming events over the following years. The study of Landsmót 1998-2008 was based on a case study method. Six cases were studied from an illustrative and explorative point of view. The study also made use of focus groups, interviews, questionnaires and document analysis. The study concluded that Landsmót as a biennial event is a celebration of success in breeding and training of the Icelandic horse. Landsmót is also a social gathering, uniting people who are dedicated to the Icelandic horse, both within Iceland and from abroad. The study also concluded that Landsmót is about competition and ranking of the best horses, while at the same time it is an event true to tradition and family activity. Finally, the main conclusions reveal that Landsmót is very important for marketing and communication of the qualities of the Icelandic horse.
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Perica, Barbara, Maja Gregić, Tina Bobić, Pero Mijić, and Mirjana Baban. "Analysis of the Breeding of Lipizzaner Horses at the State Stud Farm Đakovo." In 32nd Scientific-Expert Conference of Agriculture and Food Industry, 148–62. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47467-5_15.
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Petersen, Jessica L. "Horse Breeding." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology Series, 279–95. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2460-9_1120.
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Petersen, Jessica L. "Horse Breeding." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 1–17. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2493-6_1120-1.
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Bailey, Ernest, and Samantha A. Brooks. "Pedigrees and breeding schemes." In Horse genetics, 197–207. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786392589.0197.
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Koveshnikov, V. S., A. N. Pobedinskiy, and E. V. Slotina. "Breeding Horse Auctions as an Important Link in the Horse-Breeding Business." In Complex Systems: Innovation and Sustainability in the Digital Age, 541–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44703-8_59.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Horses – Breeding"
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Кассал, Б. Ю. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE DEVELOPING HORSE BREEDING IN THE MIDDLE IRTYSH ON THE WILD HORSES." In СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ И АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ В КОНЕВОДСТВЕ. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/hs.2019.1.35379.
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Вследствие развития коневодства в Среднем Прииртышье в период с ~3,5 тыс. лет до н.э. по XIX в. н.э. произошло вытеснение за пределы территории и уничтожение диких лошадей (степного тарпана, лошади Пржевальского, казахстанского кулана). Дикие лошади составляли конкуренцию домашним лошадям за естественные пастбища и мешали ведению отгонного коневодства. Due to the development of horse breeding in the middle Irtysh in the period from about 3.5 thousand years BC to the XIX century it was a displacement outside the territory and the destruction of wild horses (steppe Tarpan, Przewalski’s horses, Kulan Kazakhstan). Wild horses competed with domestic horses in natural pastures and prevented the maintenance of pasture breeding.
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Степанов, Н. П., and Н. П. Филиппова. "STATE OF HORSE BREEDING AND GENETIC MONITORING OF LOCAL BREEDS OF HORSES." In СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ И АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ В КОНЕВОДСТВЕ. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/hs.2019.1.35399.
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Протестированы образцы сыворотки крови лошадей разных половозрастных групп табунных лошадей трех пород: якутской (n=1660), приленской (n=117), мегежекской (n=179). У лошадей якутской породы выявлено 6 аллелей (TfD, TfF, TfH, TfO, TfR, TfJ). Среднее число эффективных аллелей (Na) по исследованным локусам полиморфных белков сыворотки крови по трем по породам составило 2,425 показатель наблюдаемой (Ho=0,549) незначительно ниже ожидаемой (He=0,565) гетерозиготности. В целом, по трем породам наблюдается незначительный дефицит гетерозиготных особей (Fis=0,038). Blood serum samples of horses of different age and sex of herd horses of three breeds were tested: Yakutskaya (n=1660), Prilenskaya (n=117), Megezhekskaya (n=179). In Yakutskaya breed of horses it were revealed 6 alleles (Tf, Tf, Tf, Tf, Tf). The average number of effective alleles (Na) on the studied loci of polymorphic blood serum proteins in three breeds was 2,425, the indices of observed heterozygosity (Ho=0,549) were slightly lower than expected heterozygosity (He=0,565). In general, there is a slight deficit of heterozygous individuals (Fis=0.038) in three breeds.
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Борисова, А. В. "Breeding resources of vladimiskaya breed of horses." In Достижения молодых учёных - зоотехнической науке и практике. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/rads.hs.2019.1.24266.
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Дана численность популяции лошадей владимирской породы на современном этапе развития и в ретроспективе. Изложена краткая характеристика современного производящего состава владимирской породы. It is given the number of modern and retrospective population of Vladimiskaya breed of horses. It is also given a short characteristic of productive stock of Vladimirskaya breed.
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Суходольская, И. В. "PRODUCTIVE HORSE BREEDING IN CENTRAL RUSSIA AS ONE OF THE WAYS TO RESTORE MASS HORSE BREEDING AND USE OF HORSES." In СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ И АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ В КОНЕВОДСТВЕ. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/hs.2019.1.35395.
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В статье рассмотрена возможность увеличения потенциала продуктивного коневодства в нетрадиционных для него Центральных Российских регионах, а также некоторые факторы, его стимулирующие и тормозящие.Продуктивное коневодство в данном контексте рассматривается как один из способов восстановления массового коневодства, заполнения территорий и восстановления потребительского рынка как первой ступени развития рынка следующего уровня - эффективной продажи высококлассных племенных, спортивных лошадей и зрелищ. The article considers the possibility of increasing the potential of productive horse breeding in non-traditional regions of Central Russia, as well as some factors that stimulate and inhibit it.In this context, productive horse breeding is considered as one of the ways to restore mass horse breeding, fill the territories and restore the consumer market as the first stage of development of the market of the next level - the effective sale of high-quality horses for breeding, sports and shows.
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Demilova, D. I., and H. H. Gadaev. "SPREAD OF NEMATODES PARASCARIS EQUORUM (GOEZE, 1782) IN THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. VNIIP – FSC VIEV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6050437-8-2.2024.25.109-113.
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One of the obstacles to horse breeding development is parasitic diseases. According to literary sources, one of the most common equine helminth infections in Russia is parascaridosis. Allergic and toxic manifestations, and decreased performance, endurance and natural resistance are observed in horses suffering from helminthic diseases. In the Chechen Republic, horse breeding is mainly commercial. The research purpose was to study the spread of nematodes Parascaris equorum in various natural and climatic zones of the Republic. The studies were conducted in 2022– 2023 covering flat terrain and mountainous zone. The studies of horse feces revealed nematodes of the suborder Ascaridata (Parascaris equorum) with the infection rate of 7.0 to 41.7%. The study objects were 368 horses of different age groups spontaneously infected with nematodes, of which 211 animals in the flat land, and 157 animals in the mountainous zone. Fecal samples were examined by the coprological method. Nematodes Ascaridata are poorly studied intestinal nematode species of horses in the Chechen Republic. We have found that the greatest infection rate in horses is in the flat land and the mountainous zone in autumn, and the least is in spring. The helminth infection intensity was 4–41% in horses in the flat land, which was significantly higher than horses in the mountainous zone (1–23%). The difference in the infection rate in horses in the mountainous zone and flat land is determined by landscape (including topographies) and climatic characteristics.
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Marchenko, V. A., E. A. Efremova, and M. A. Smertina. "EPIZOOTIC SITUATION ON THE MAIN GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTH INFECTIONS OF HORSES IN THE ALTAI REPUBLIC." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.290-294.
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One of the problems of herd horse breeding of the Altai Mountains is significant
spread of helminth infections. The purpose of this research is to characterize the
epizootic situation on intestinal helminthiasis in the main horse-breeding areas
of the Altai Republic. Coproovoscopic studies of horse feces from 8 districts
(Mayminsky, Shebalinsky, Ongudaisky, Chemalsky, Ust-Koksinsky, Kosh-Agachsky
and Ulagansky) were carried out for eggs of intestinal helminths by the KotelnikovKhrenov flotation method with the counting of eggs according to the VIGIS method.
In total, 989 fecal samples from adult New Altai horses were examined. According to
the results of coprological examinations, indicators of infection were derived: IP, %,
the infection prevalence, the proportion of infected animals; mII is the arithmetic
mean of the number of eggs in 1 gram of feces (egg/g f.) per one examined animal. In
the horses of the Altai Mountains, pathogens of gastrointestinal helminth infections belonging to 5 suborders were recorded: Strongylata, Ascaridata, Anoplocephalata,
Oxyurata and Rabditata. To a greater extent, the horses were infected with
gastrointestinal Strongylata with an IP level of 76.2% and an egg count of 293
specimens in a gram of feces, and to a lesser extent with Parascarids (IP 11.2%)
and Anoplocephalida (IP 12.3%). The animals in the Chemalsky District were most
intensively infected with helminths (IP 96.3%), significantly lower than the horses
in the Kosh-Agachsky District (IP 62.3%).
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Lyubimova, Yu G., and V. A. Tereshchenko. "PERSPECTIVE FOR BREEDING DON HORSES IN THE KRASNOYARSK REGION." In Научное обеспечение животноводства Сибири. Красноярск: Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52686/9785604525005_219.
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Абрамова, Н. В. "Current state of achaltekin breed of horses." In Достижения молодых учёных - зоотехнической науке и практике. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/rads.hs.2019.1.24260.
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Проведен разносторонний анализ выраженности хозяйствен- но-полезных признаков на основе сделанной комплексной оцен- ки в ахалтекинской породе лошадей. В обработку включены лошади современного производящего состава, оцененные по комплексу признаков (тип, экстерьер, промеры, работоспособ- ность), продуцирующих в разных регионах мира. Несмотря на большой ареал распространения, малочисленность породы и раздробленность, общая масса лошадей производящего соста- ва является весьма и весьма однородной. Анализ выявил, что ахалтекинская порода не испытывает сильного давления искус- ственного отбора по какому-либо одному из признаков. It was done the analysis of the main morphological features of Akhal-Teke breed of horses. In this study it was included the modern breeding horses evaluated on the complex of signs (type, confirmation, performance in flat races) belonging to different regions of the world. Despite a large distribution area, small number of akhaltekin horses, the total mass of the breeding horses is very, very homogeneous. The analysis revealed that the Akhal-Teke breed does not undergo a strong pressure of artificial selection for any one of the signs.
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Калашникова, Т. В., and И. С. Гавриличева. "Molecular-genetic methods in the investigation of piroplasmidosis of horses." In Достижения молодых учёных - зоотехнической науке и практике. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/rads.hs.2019.1.24274.
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В статье рассмотрены методы диагностики бабезиозов лошадей. Вызываемые двумя разновидностями простей- ших, бабезиозы широко распространены по всей территории Российской Федерации и наносят существенный ущерб от- ечественному коневодству. Рассмотрены перспективы ис- пользования ДНК-технологий для скрининга возбудителей пироплазмидозов непарнокопытных. Methods of diagnostics of Babesiosis of horses are considered in the article. The two varieties of protozoa, called Babesiosis, are widespread throughout the Russian Federation and cause significant damage to the domestic horse breeding. Perspectives of using DNA technologies for screening pathogens of pyroplasmidosis of animals are considered.
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Болаев, В. К., К. В. Болаева, and Ч. Пэйюань. "DEVELOPMENT OF HORSE BREEDING IN THE AUTONOMOUS REGION OF INNER MONGOLIA OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA." In СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ И АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ В КОНЕВОДСТВЕ. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25727/hs.2019.1.35393.
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Автономный район Внутренняя Монголия является одним из наиболее распространенных районов разведения лошадей в Китае, он является основным источником местных пород лошадей, особенно монгольские лошади известны в стране и за рубежом своей выносливостью, устойчивостью к болезням и устойчивостью к жажде. The Autonomous region of Inner Mongolia is one of the most common areas of horse breeding in China, it is the main source of local horse breeds, especially Mongolian horses are known at home and abroad for their endurance, disease resistance and resistance to thirst.
Reports on the topic "Horses – Breeding"
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Osipov, V., N. Vinokurov, and A. Zaytsev. The issue of breeding Indigirka type of Yakut breed horses. Ljournal, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/ippologiavet-2019-3-4954rus.
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Ivanov, R. V. History of creation of megezheksky breed of horses, the current state. Selection and breeding. ООО «Информационно-консалтинговый центр», 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/konevodstvo.2019..15rus.
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Fagerheim White, Ellen-Louisa, Mervi Honkatukia, Jaana Peippo, and Maria Kjetså. Equines in the Nordics – History, Status and Genetics. The Nordic Genetic Resource Center (NordGen), June 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53780/flkb7985.
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With roots as far as the Bronze age, equines have played an invaluable role in history, both with regards to agriculture and forestry, warfare, transportation and leisure, and therefore hold important cultural significance in the Nordics. The link between horses and the welfare benefits of their caregivers makes the species an important part of society as well. Since the agricultural and industrial revolution, the equine sector has been influenced by a range of challenges due to the dramatic change in the role of horses in society, especially for the Nordic native breeds. However, as society adapts and finds new ways to use and protect them, there is a hope for the future. Although there has been cooperation between the Nordic countries in the horse sector, a collective report of the status of all the Nordic countries has been missing. This report marks a start for this type of effort by considering both commercial and native breeds. Further, it comprises the horse sector in the Nordics, with a special focus on the native horse breeds and the possibilities they carry for environmental sustainability, their socio-economic importance, their genetics as well as their risk status. The report further evaluates the Domestic Animal Diversity Information System (DAD-IS) maintained and developed by FAO as a tool for gathering information about the development and current status of the native breeds. The goal of this report is to identify knowledge gaps and areas of improvement for the Nordic equine sector and the collected data of the native horse breeds. One of the biggest challenges has been to find validated information sources for the population numbers of the breeds in each country – there are varying estimates for both commercial and native breeds. The numbers have significant impact for the determination of managing strategies of the populations. Reports for each of the countries (Denmark, Finland, the Faroe Islands, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) are presented, and depict the current role of horses, breeding, population development and economic values of the equine sector are listed in each of the country-reports. The information in the country reports were derived from a questionnaire and by using DAD-IS.
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Shvetsov, N. N., M. M. Naumov, M. R. Shvetsova, G. S. Pokhodnya, V. A. Syrovitsky, N. M. Naumov, and D. S. Gorokhova. Horse breeding with horse riding basics. Printing house FGBOU VO Belgorod GAU, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/isbn978-5-6044805-0-2.2020.
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Ivanov, R. V. The improvement of technological methods for sustainable development of beef and horse breeding in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). ООО «Информационно-консалтинговый центр», 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/konevodstvo.2019.6.22rus.
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Egorova, I. K. Organizational and economic mechanism development of organic production subcomplex herd horse breeding in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in transition. Редакция журнала Экономика и предпринимательство (INTERECONOM Publishing), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/1999-2300-200-107-2019-03microekon2309.
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Osipov, V. G., I. V. Alferov, and D. N. Shakhurdin. Analysis of the content of macronutrients in the serum and in pasture feeds, depending on the breeding zone of different intrabreed types of the Yakut horse. Автономная некоммерческая организация Редакция журнала Коневодство и конный спорт, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/konevodstvo.2018.5.2021rus.
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Blakey, Rachel, Monica Buhler, Lizzy Young, Bob Wilkerson, and Rodney Siegel. Inventory surveys for bats and California spotted owls at Devils Postpile National Monument: Final report. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2300702.
Full textAbstract:
For its size, Devils Postpile National Monument supports a diverse assemblage of nocturnal fauna. Our summer 2022 surveys recorded 15 bat species within the monument. Five of these species had not been previously confirmed in the monument, including two of the three sensitive species targeted: pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus) and fringed myotis (Myotis thysanodes). No California Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis occidentalis) were confirmed, but a Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) was recorded. Across the disturbance categories of interest identified by monument leadership (e.g., high, moderate, and low levels of fire and blowdown disturbance), there was little variability in bat species richness, total activity, or individual species occurrence. Sites with moderate levels of disturbance recorded the most species and highest levels of activity compared to high and low disturbance, and both priority species were recorded within all three disturbance categories. Targeted surveys (e.g. radio-tracking, multiple season visits) would be required to determine the importance of the monument for critical life stages of its sensitive bat species, such as breeding. Within the fire-prone North American West, roosting habitat requirements for bats presents a key knowledge gap impeding bat conservation in the region (Loeb and Blakey 2021).
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Hall, Linnea, Peter Larramendy, Lena Lee, and Annie Little. Landbird monitoring 2020 annual report: Channel Islands National Park. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301088.
Full textAbstract:
The National Park Service (NPS) began monitoring landbirds at Channel Islands National Park in 1993 as part of its long-term inventory and monitoring program. The park?s landbird monitoring later became part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Division?s Mediterranean Coast Network long-term monitoring programs. Consequently, landbird monitoring has been conducted in the park during every breeding season since 1993. In this report, we summarize data collected during the 2020 breeding season. Landbird monitoring was conducted between 1 April and 30 June 2020. Using distance-based sampling methods in a standardized protocol, birds were counted on 7 of 10 permanent line transects (70%) (2 of 3 on Santa Barbara Island, 1 of 1 on East Anacapa Island, and 4 of 5 on San Miguel Island). Two transects were not sampled in 2020 because of nesting California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) on Santa Barbara Island (i.e., Canyons Transect) and reduced person hours and unfavorable winds on San Miguel Island (i.e., San Miguel Hill Transect). For point counts, 225 of 338 (67%) permanent stations were counted (i.e., 30 of 33 points on Santa Barbara Island, 8 of 8 on East Anacapa Island, 100 of 112 on Santa Cruz Island, 40 of 40 on San Miguel Island, and 47 of 145 on Santa Rosa Island). The 8 Prisoners? Cove points were not counted in 2020. Three points were not counted on Santa Barbara Island due to nesting pelicans: these points and the transect were also not counted in 2016?2019 to avoid disturbing breeding pelicans. Other points (i.e., on east Santa Cruz Island and Santa Rosa Island) were not counted due in large part to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Traveling to and from the park was only granted to essential NPS staff for the majority of the landbird season. Fifty-one bird species were counted from points and transects across all of the islands in 2020; 39 of these are breeding species on the island. Parkwide, the 10 most commonly detected breeding landbirds in 2020 were, in descending order: Horned Lark, Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow, White-crowned Sparrow, Western Meadowlark, Orange-crowned Warbler, Bewick?s Wren, Island Scrub-Jay, House Finch, and Common Raven. On East Anacapa Island, 26 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 5 species were counted in 2020. No new transient species were detected in 2020; 10 transient or visiting species (nonbreeding, native species recorded only once or twice during surveys) have been counted on the island overall since 1993. On Santa Barbara Island, 49 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 15 species were counted in 2020. The highest number of Horned Lark since 1993 were counted in 2020 (n = 451). Warbling Vireo was a new transient species counted in 2020 on Santa Barbara; 30 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Cruz Island, 74 landbird species have been counted since 2013; 34 species were counted in 2020. Bullock?s Oriole was a new transient species counted in 2020 on Santa Cruz; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on this island since 2013. On San Miguel Island, 69 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 14 were counted in 2020. No transient species were counted in 2020; 34 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Rosa Island, 75 landbird species have been counted since 1994; 26 were detected in 2020. Rose-breasted Grosbeak was a new transient species counted in 2020 on Santa Rosa Island; 30 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1994. Across all the 5 islands, 3 transient or visiting bird species were newly counted in 2020, for a total of 77 such species counted since NPS monitoring began on the islands. Nonnative and invasive birds were counted on only 1 of the 5 islands in 2020: 4 European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island. However, anecdotal sightings of nonnative species occurred much more frequently (i.e., outside of the point and transect counts), and were made on all islands except Anacapa in 2020. The highest numbers of nonnative species detections occurred on Santa Cruz Island, with 33 detections of Eurasian Collared Dove (primarily at the Main Ranch area in the Central Valley), 15 detections of Brown-headed Cowbird (primarily at Scorpion Harbor), and 15 detections of European Starling (primarily at the Main Ranch and Scorpion Harbor). House Sparrows were observed fewer times, but on all islands except Anacapa; cowbirds occurred on all islands except Anacapa and San Miguel; and Rock Pigeon occurred on Santa Barbara and Santa Cruz Islands. In 2020, despite the COVID-19 pandemic, 67% of all points and 77% of all transects were counted among the 5 islands. Santa Rosa received the lightest sampling of points (32%), due to the difficulty of getting observers onto the island. Even with diminished sampling, species richness (number of species) values fell in predictable patterns: richness was greatest on the larger islands (75 on Santa Rosa, 73 on Santa Cruz) and least on the smallest islands (26 on Anacapa, 48 on Santa Barbara). We continue to recommend that nonnative invasive species, such as European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island, be removed before their numbers become harder to manage. Also, because Distance analyses assist statistically with evaluations of trends, we continue to recommend that a trend analysis using program DISTANCE, or newer hierarchical distance analyses, should be used after the 2020 season to assess 5-year trends in breeding species? numbers following the 2015 trend analysis conducted by Coonan and Dye (2016).
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Larramendy, Peter, Linnea Hall, and Annie Little. Landbird trends 2016–2021, and 2021 annual report: Channel Islands National Park. National Park Service, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299629.
Full textAbstract:
The National Park Service (NPS) began monitoring landbirds at Channel Islands National Park in 1993 as part of its long-term inventory and monitoring program. The park’s landbird monitoring later became part of the NPS Inventory and Monitoring Division’s Mediterranean Coast Network long-term monitoring programs. Consequently, landbird monitoring has been conducted during every breeding season since 1993. In this report, we summarize data collected during the 2021 breeding season and we analyze trends in a select number of species. Landbird monitoring was conducted between 10 March and 22 May 2021. Using distance-based sampling methods in a standardized protocol, birds were counted on 334 of 338 permanent point count stations (99%) across the Channel Islands monitored for landbirds. These surveys were conducted at 29 of 33 points on Santa Barbara Island, 8 of 8 on East Anacapa Islet, 112 of 112 on Santa Cruz Island, 40 of 40 on San Miguel Island, and 145 of 145 on Santa Rosa Island. Four points on Santa Barbara Island were not counted due to nesting California Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) and Western Gulls (Larus occidentalis); 3 of 4 points (i.e., 17, 19, and 20) were also not counted in 2016–2021 to avoid disturbing breeding pelicans. This was the first monitoring season that the permanent line transects on Santa Barbara, East Anacapa, and San Miguel Islands were not surveyed. During the 2021 monitoring season, Channel Islands National Park decided to stop using line transects and focus on point count stations only, based on an external review of the landbird monitoring program. Fifty-six bird species were counted at point count stations across all of the islands in 2021. Parkwide, 40 of these species are breeders in Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, the 10 most detected breeding landbirds in 2021 were, in descending order: Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow, Bewick’s Wren, Orange-crowned Warbler, House Finch, Western Meadowlark, Horned Lark, Common Raven, Island Scrub-Jay, and Pacific-slope Flycatcher (scientific names in Table 2 and Appendix A). On East Anacapa Islet, 26 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 7 species were counted in 2021. No new transient species were detected in 2021; 6 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island overall since 1993. On Santa Barbara Island, 50 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 13 species were counted in 2021. Lincoln’s Sparrow was a new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Barbara; 23 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Cruz Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 2013; 45 species were counted in 2021. Hermit Warbler, Lawrence’s Goldfinch and Warbling Vireo were new transient species counted in 2021 on Santa Cruz Island; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on this island since 2013. On San Miguel Island, 70 landbird species have been counted since 1993; 10 were counted in 2021. No transient species were counted in 2021; 32 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1993. On Santa Rosa Island, 78 landbird species have been counted since 1994; 39 were detected in 2021. No new transient species were counted in 2021 on Santa Rosa; 21 transient or visiting species have been counted on the island since 1994. Nonnative and invasive birds were counted on only 1 of the 5 islands in 2021: 23 European Starlings on Santa Rosa Island. However, anecdotal sightings of nonnative species occurred more frequently (i.e., outside of survey times) on Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa Islands in 2021. The highest numbers of nonnative species detections occurred on Santa Rosa Island, with 25 detections of Eurasian Collared Dove (primarily at the Historic Ranch), 18 detections of European Starling (Historic Ranch), 2 detections of Brown-headed Cowbird, and 1 Rock Pigeon detection (Historic Ranch). Other species were not reported by Channel Islands National Park landbird monitors or in eBird in 2021. This was the first annual monitoring report since the Coonan and Dye (2016) trend report to incorporate density estimates for particular species across Channel Islands National Park. Parkwide, 13 species were analyzed using the Distance Package in R. Of the 13 species analyzed, 5 had either increasing or decreasing densities from 2016 to 2021. All park islands except for Santa Barbara had a species that showed an increasing or decreasing trend from 2016 to 2021. Horned Lark and House Finch on San Miguel Island were the only species to show decreasing trends from 2016 to 2021, which is opposite from the trend presented by Coonan and Dye (2016).